Republic of the Philippines CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408 COURSE MODULE A. COURSE OVERVIEW Course Name Course Units Course Description : Art Appreciation : 3 hrs. Lecture-On line : Art Appreciation is a three unit course that develops student ability to appreciate, analyze and critique work of arts through interdisciplinary and multimodal approaches. This course equip students with knowledge of practical, historical philosophical and social relevance of arts which has the ability to articulate more on emotional enjoyment, knowledge and understanding of the universal qualities and characteristics work of arts, This course may also be used as reference materials for other courses in teaching for the development of an individual as a whole. Topics Week 1 CLASS ORIENTATION VMGO, Quality Policy, Course Outline, Grading System , and On-line Learning Policy Week 1 – 2 UNIT 1 Activities Self-contained, independent learning Self-contained, independent learning Chapter I – The Meaning and Importance of Arts Week 3 – 4 UNIT 2 Self-contained, independent learning Chapter II – The Artist’s Medium Week 5 UNIT 3 Self-contained, independent learning Chapter III – Elements of Visual and Performing Arts Week 6 ASSESSMENT 1 Week 6 – 7 Summative Test of previous covered topics Self-contained, independent learning 1|Page Topics UNIT 4 Chapter IV – The principles of art design Week 8 UNIT 5 Activities Self-contained, independent learning Chapter V – The development of Visual Arts Week 9 UNIT 6 Self-contained, independent learning Chapter VI – Asian Arts Week 10 – 11 UNIT 7 Self-contained, independent learning Chapter VII – Development of Visual Art in the Philippines Week 12 ASSESSMENT 2 Week 12 – 13 UNIT 8 Presentation of any work of arts Self-contained, independent learning Chapter VIII – Development of Performing Arts in the Phil. Week 14 UNIT 9 Self-contained, independent learning Chapter IX – Arts in the Cordillera Region and Muslim South Week 15 – 16 UNIT 10 Self-contained, independent learning Chapter X – World Renowned Visual and Performing Arts Week 17 – 18 UNIT 11 Self-contained, independent learning 2|Page Topics Activities Chapter XI – Famous Filipino Painters and Composers Week 18 ASSESSMENT 3 Final Exam B. COURSE CALENDAR Week 1 1–2 Date Aug. 17 Aug. 18 – 21 Aug. 24 – 28 Topics Course Requirements Class Orientation Chapter I – The Meaning and Importance of Arts 1.1 The Nature of Arts 1.2 The Subject of Arts 1.3 The Function of Arts 1.4 The Scope of Arts 1.5 The Origin of Arts 3–4 5 6 6–7 8 Aug. 31 – Sept. 4 Sept. 7 – 11 Reading the provided learning resources Appreciation of arts with regards to their personal contributions to the development of art Chapter II – The Artist’s Medium 2.1 Medium & Techniques 2.2 Medium of the Visual Arts 2.3 Medium of performing Arts 2.4 Medium of Art Production and Presentation Sept. 14 – 18 Chapter III – Elements of Visual and Performing Arts 3.1 Elements of Visual Arts 3.2 Elements of Performing Arts Assessment 1 Reading the provided learning resources Come up with a simple work of art Sept. 21 – 25 Sept. 28 – Oct. 2 Reading the provided learning resources Worksheet and plates construction Reading the provided Oct. 5 – 9 Chapter IV – The principles of art design 4.1 Harmony 4.2 Rhythm 4.3 Balance 4.4 Proportion 4.5 Emphasis 4.6 Others Chapter V – The Reading the provided learning resources Composed song or poem Make a reflection paper 3|Page Week Date Topics Development of Visual Arts 9 Oct. 12 - 16 5.1 Painting 5.2 Sculpture 5.3 Architecture Chapter VI – Asian Arts 6.1 Ancient Near Easter Islamic Arts 6.2 East Asian Arts 10 – 11 12 12 – 13 14 15 – 16 Oct. 19 – 23 Oct. 26 – 30 Nov. 2 – 6 Nov. 9 – 13 Nov. 16 – 20 Nov. 23 – 27 Dec. 1 - 4 Chapter VII – Development of Visual Art in the Philippines 7.1 Painting 7.2 Sculpture 7.3 Architecture in the Philippines Assessment 2 Chapter VIII – Development of Performing Arts in the Phil. 8.1 The development of music 8.2 The development of literature 8.3 The development of dance 8.4 The development of Motion picture in the Philippines Chapter IX – Arts in the Cordillera Region and Muslim South 9.1 Arts in the Cordillera Region 9.2 Arts in the Muslim south Chapter X – World Renowned Visual and Performing Arts 10.1 Renowned visual artist in the Philippines and other countries 10.2 Renowned performing artist in the Philippines Course Requirements learning resources Collect picture clips in relation to the development of visual arts Reading the provided learning resources Make a reflection paper how art influenced the lives of the people in the different Asian regions Reading the uploaded learning materials Collect picture clips of old and new buildings in the Philippines (churches, mosques, school, commercial, recreational and cultural buildings) Reading the provided learning resources Reflection paper about the development of performing arts in the Philippines Reading the provided learning resources Collect picture clips of art work from the cordillera region and the Muslim south Reading the provided learning resources Reflection paper for 1 visual artist and 1 performing artist 4|Page Week Date 17 – 18 Dec. 7 – 11 Dec. 14 – 18 18 Topics and other countries Chapter XI – Famous Filipino Painters and Composers 11.1 Famous Filipino painters from Spanish period to contemporary time 11.2 Famous Filipino music composer Assessment 3 Course Requirements Reading the provided learning resources Reflection paper for 1 famous Filipino painter and composer 5|Page C. ABOUT THE AUTHOR IAN L. SAGARIO Assistant Professor 1 ian.sagario@cbsua.edu.ph 09104894937 IAN L. SAGARIO is a faculty member of Central Bicol State University of Agriculture – Sipocot campus, under the College of Industrial Technology handling major subjects (electronics), academic (art appreciation) and NSTP. Presently he is the Industrial Linkages and Development Office Coordinator of the college. He started teaching in the University since November 1998 up to present. ODELIO C. MACINAS is faculty member of Central Bicol State University of Agriculture – Sipocot Campus, College of Industrial Technology handling academic subjects. His field of interests are Design Technology, and Drawing. He received his Bachelor of Science in Industrial Education major in Drafting Technology in Bicol University, 1991. In the year 2010, received his Master’s degree in Master in Education major in Administration and Supervision at Partido College. He earned his 30 Units in Master of Arts in Industrial Education major in Instructional Technology in Bicol University from 1992- 1995. ODELIO C. MACINAS Assistant Professor 4 odelio.macinas@cbsua.edu.ph +63 947-7228-820 MARICEL DIOKNO is a faculty of College of Industrial Technology handling major subjects in Food Trades. She received her Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology major in Food Technology- Cum Laude. She is pursuing her Master of Science in Industrial Education in Bicol University. She had several researches conducted and presented. MARICEL DIOKNO Instructor- 1 maricel.diokno@cbsua.edu.ph 090776832737 6|Page D. ASSESSMENT Assessment Type PercenTage Week 1-6 Summative Test 30% Course Learning Outcomes CO1, CO2, CO3, CO4, CO5, CO6 Due Date Graduate Attributes Aug. 17 – Sept. 25 Develop Professionalism and Social Responsibility Test coverage are the topics from week 1-6 Produce effective and creative innovations Appreciate the value of art in daily life Train in effective communication with individuals and groups Produce a wellrounded citizen Week 7-12 Week 13-18 Test coverage are the topics from week 7 -12 30% Final Exam 40% CO1, CO2, CO3, CO4, CO5, CO6 Sept. 28 – Nov. 6 -do- CO1, CO2, CO3, CO4, CO5, CO6 Nov. 9 – Dec. 18 -do- Test coverage are the topics from week 13 -18 7|Page Week 1 - 2 UNIT 1 CHAPTER I THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF ART INTRODUCTION This unit provide an overview of different art meaning given by various authors as well as the importance of it. It will cover the nature of art, the subject of art, the function of art, the scope of art and the origin of art. By the end of this unit, the students will be able to understand and explain the meaning, nature, and importance of arts in their lives and be able to reflect on the functions of art with regard to their personal contributions to the development of art. PRE-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST Pre-test. The purpose of this test is to determine your baseline knowledge or preparedness in this unit. Answer the following questions. a. What is your definition of arts? Art appreciation? b. How can art be an aid to better citizenship? Give examples to illustrate this. c. In what way does art contribute to the physical, social, and spiritual well-being of man? d. What are the functions of art in the context of enhancing your personality? LEARNING RESOURCES A. To access the following resources, please click the link below LR1: https://www.educationworld.in/t he-importance-of-artappreciation/ Done B. Google Docs. This will be shared and used to collaborate with other students simultaneously. Students are encouraged to place their note or some point here for further discussion. EXPLORE This module contains learning materials and activities for the students to complete. 8|Page Concepts: 1. Loosely defined, the term humanities refers to the arts – the visual arts such as, painting, and sculpture; the performing arts such as music, dance, theatre or drama, and literature. They are the branches of learning concerned with human thought, feelings, and relations. 2. The term art comes from the Italian word, artis, which means “craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness, and the association that exist between form and ideas and between material and techniques;” from the Aryan root ar which means “to join” or “put together”, from the Greek words “ artizein,” which means to “prepare”, and arkiskein, meaning to put together.” 3. Art is very important in our lives as it is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of a sensuous medium – color, sound, bronze, marble, words, and film. 4. The subject of art is varied. Some arts are representational; others are nonrepresentational, non-objective, or abstract. 5. All arts have functions for people since they satisfy particular needs of people. 6. Visual arts or space arts are those that we perceive with our eye and which occupy space. 7. Auditory or time arts are those that can be heard and are expressed in time. 8. Combined arts are those that can be both seen and heard and exist in both space and time. Objectives: At the end of this unit, the student should be able: 1. To explain the meaning, nature, and importance of arts in our lives. 2. To determine the subject of art and its functions. 3. To be able to reflect on the functions of art with regard to their personal contributions to the development of art. The Nature of Art Art is very important in our lives. It constitutes one of the oldest and most means of expression developed by man. Art has been existent since men have lived together. In fact, in nearly every country, art can be found in primitive societies. Art has been created by all people at all times; it has lived because it is liked and enjoyed. A true work of art is made by man himself not imitatively, but creatively. A true artist does not imitate nature but rather interprets it in his own way by selecting the essential features of the subject and rejecting the minor ones. Art has been defined in various ways. Hereunder are some of the definitions given by various authors: 1. Art is derived from the Latin word ars, meaning “ability or skill.” – J.V. Estolas 2. Art is taken from the Italian word artis, which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness, and the associations that exist between form and ideas, between material and technique. – A. Tan. 3. Art is a product of man’s need to express himself. – F. Zulueta. 9|Page 4. Art is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of sensuous medium, color, sound bronze, marble, words, and film. – C. Sanchez. 5. Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world. Plato. 6. Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind – one which demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling, a shaping of matter to new and more significant form. – John Dewey. 7. Art is the skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of nature such as colors, sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc., to express human feelings, emotions, or thoughts in a perfect meaningful and enjoyable way. – Panizo and Rustia. From the definitions above, there are four (4) common essentials of art: 1. Art must be man-made; 2. Art must be creative, not imitative; 3. Art must benefit and satisfy man and man must make use of art in practical terms; and 4. Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates himself to his fellows. Art has a particular importance in our lives. All the art that we see and hear have a purpose; they occupy some place in our judgement. We can communicate through paintings, songs, dances, and dramatic plays to highlight and heighten the importance of certain events, keep them in memory and indulge in pleasure. We also build monuments to remind us of the heroic deeds of great men. Artworks are also valuable sources of inspiration. We are delighted by the books we read and moved by the music we hear. Paintings, sculptures, and plays capture our attention and stimulate critical thinking. Modern architecture designs inspire us to plan and construct our houses beautifully. Through an artist’s work, we get a glimpse of the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs of the people who lived in the period the artwork was produced and the external factors that influenced the artwork. We also value and appreciate beautiful things as a consequence of our encounter with the arts. Our aesthetic experience can change our ways and behavior. They can transform us into highly-cultured, dignified, and respectable human beings. The arts can beautify our humanity. This explains why the arts is called the humanities. It brings out the good and the noble in us. Through the arts, we come to know the changing image of man as he journeys across time, searches for the reality, and strives to achieve the ideals that create the meaning of life. Art appreciation is the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts and enjoy them either through actual and work-experience with art tools and materials or possession of these works of art for one’s admiration and satisfaction. The Subject of Art In any art form – painting, music, sculpture, or dance – there is always a subject that serves as the foundation of the creation of the work of art. The subject of art is varied. A subject of art is usually anything that is represented in the artwork. It is varied – it may be a person, object, scene, or event. 10 | P a g e Artworks that depict something easily recognized by most people are called representational or objective arts. Painting, sculpture, graphic arts, literature, and threatre arts are generally classified as representational, although some paintings and sculptures are without subjects. Music and dance may or may not have subjects. Artworks that have no resemblance to any real subject are called nonrepresentational or non-objective arts. They do not represent anything and they are what they are. They rather appeal directly to the senses primarily because of the satisfying organization of their elements. Some contemporary painters have shifted their interest to the work of art as an object in itself, an exciting combination of shaves and colors that fulfills the aesthetic need without having to represent images or tell a story. Many modern paintings have a purely visual appeals; so difficult that literal-oriented spectators cannot appreciate them. On the contrary, traditional sculptures and paintings have subjects. When looking at a traditional painting or a statue, one expects to recognize the subject – a man, a dog, a landscape. The Function of Art Every art form has a definite function since it satisfies a particular need. To the layman, art may have little function. Some find meaning in art in its ability to serve the purpose for which it was designed. Obviously, architecture is directly and almost entirely functional because buildings and other structures are always built for some special purpose. Music and dance were used in ancient rituals and worship of the gods, for social and folk entertainment, as well in the military. Painting and sculpture may be used to narrate events, to portray people or events, to instruct (as in the case of Christian art), to commemorate individuals or historical events, and to serve as vehicles of personal expression. Metal works such as gates, grills, lamps, Christian religious objects, armor, weapons, and tools, ceramics, glassware, stained glass, mosaic, tilework, textile, and furniture are among the many types of arts or crafts. Each of these examples is made for some definite and specific use. The four main functions of art are: 1. Aesthetic function – through art, man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature. He benefits from his own work and from those done by his fellowmen. He learns to use, love, and preserve them for his enjoyment and appreciation. 2. Utilitarian function – with the creation of the various form of art, man now lives in comfort and . Through art, man is provided with shelter, clothing, food, light, medicine, beautiful surrounding, personal ornamentals, entertainment, language, transportation, and other necessities and conveniences of life. Art not only enriches man’s life but also improves nature through landscape gardening, creation of superhighways, and through propagation and conservation of natural resources. 3. Cultural function – through the printed matter, art transmits and preserve skills and knowledge from one generation to another. It makes man aware of his/her cultural background, making him/her more knowledgeable and his/her life more enduring and satisfying. 11 | P a g e 4. Social function – through civic and graphic arts, man learns to love and help each other. International understanding and cooperation are fostered and nations become more unified, friendly, cooperative, helpful, and sympathetic. The Scope of Art Various authors classify arts in different ways. According to Manaois, there are two (2) general dimensions of arts, namely 1. Fine arts or independent arts and 2. Practical arts or utilitarian arts. Fine arts are made primarily for aesthetic enjoyment through the senses, especially visual and auditory. Practical arts are intended for practical use. It is the development of raw materials for utilitarian purposes. Fine arts or aesthetic arts are music, painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, dance and drama. Practical arts are industrial art, applied or household art, civic art, commercial art, graphic art, agricultural art, business art, distributive art, and fishery art. According to Custodiosa Snachez (2002), arts consist of visual arts, literature, drama and threatre, music, and dance. Visual arts are those that we perceive with our eyes. They may be classified into two groups, namely: 1. Graphic arts; and 2. Plastic arts. Graphic arts include painting, drawing, photography, graphic process (printing), commercial art (designing of books, advertisements, signs posters, and other displays), and mechanical process, in which portrayals of forms and symbols are recorded on a two-dimensional surface. Plastic arts include all fields of visual arts for which materials are organized into three-dimentional forms such as structural architecture, landscape architecture (gardens, park, playgounds, golf course beautification), city physical planning and interior arranging (design of wallpaper, furniture), sculpture, crafts, industrial design, dress and costumes design, and threatre design. Josefina Estolas (1995) grouped arts into major and minor arts. Major arts include painting, architecture, sculpture, literature, music and dance. Minor arts include the decorative arts, popular arts, graphic arts, plastic arts, and industrial arts. She also grouped arts into: visual arts (short story, novel, poetry, drama); popular arts (film, newspaper, magazines, radio, television); gustatory art of the crusine (food preparation, beverage preparation); and decorative arts or applied arts (beautification of houses, offices, cars, and other structures). Panizo and Rustia (995) classified arts into two (2) divisions: 1. According to purpose and 2. According to media and forms: Arts that are classified according to purpose fall into 5 categories: practical arts or useful arts. Liberal arts, fine arts, major arts, and minor arts. Practical or useful arts are directed to produce artifacts and utensils for the satisfaction of human needs. Handicrafts (basket weaving, mat weaving, etc.), embroidery, ceramics, iron and metal crafts, and tin can manufacturing are examples of this arts. Liberal arts are directed toward intellectual growth, such as in the study of philosophy, psychology, literature, mathematics, and sciences. Fine arts are focused towards creative activity for the contemplation of the mind and the upliftment of the spirit. Painting, sculpture, and architecture are examples of 12 | P a g e these arts. Major arts on the other hand, are characterized by actual and potential expressiveness such as music, poetry, and sculpture. Minor arts on the other hand, are concerned with practical uses and purposes, such as interior decoration and porcelain art. Arts that are classified according to media and forms are divided into five types: plastic arts, phonetic arts, kinetic arts, pure arts, and mixed arts. Plastic arts are works which in a physical space and perceived by the sense of sight. Such arts include sculpture and decorative materials. Kinetic arts involve the element of rhythm. Dance is a popular type of kinetic arts. Phonetic arts utilize sounds and words as mediums of expression. Examples are music, drama, and literature. Pure arts take only one medium of expression like sound in music and color in painting. Mixed arts take more than one medium such as the opera which combines music, poetry, and drama. The Origin of Art Art is viewed as a reflection of creativity, ingenuity, and inventiveness within a culture. Its value is seen not only in terms of its styles and craftsmanship but also in its functional interaction with all the elements that constitute human life and culture. The history of art began with that of humanity. Art dates back to the time when superstitions and beliefs in the spirits are still very common in every culture. Indigenous art in the form of dancing, painting, music, poetry accompanied ancient rituals and ceremonies. Men and women of the early times perform dances to entertain, to worship their gods and goddesses, or to invoke success and blessings. Their music and poetry chronicles the life and works of their ancestors as well as legendary origins of heroes, heroines, and gods. Tribalist cultures often wore body paintings during ceremonies. Cave painting and drawings are believed to reflect ancient religious beliefs and visions. Most sculptures from the early periods are also associated with religion, with gods and goddesses as most common subjects. Artworks made from the more durable materials like metal, stone, clay, bone, and glass survive longer than those made from materials that are more prone to decay like wood. This is why most of sculptures made in wood had been lost through time. The temples of the East and West bear evidences of arts that pertain to gods, goddesses, religious animals, demons, priests, kings, and queens. DISCUSSION BOARD The following questions serve as guide for discussion for independent learning. 1. Why is introduction to art appreciation an essential subject in the curriculum? 2. In what ways does art contribute to the physical, social, and spiritual well-being of man? 13 | P a g e 3. What are the functions of art in the context of enhancing your personality? POST-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST Answer the following questions. e. What is your definition of arts? Art appreciation? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________. f. How can art be an aid to better citizenship? Give examples to illustrate this. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___ . g. In what way does art contribute to the physical, social, and spiritual well-being of man? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ . h. What are the functions of art in the context of enhancing your personality? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ . 14 | P a g e Week 3 - 4 UNIT 2 CHAPTER II THE ARTIST’S MEDIUM INTRODUCTION This unit designed to provide an overview of artist medium and techniques on visual art and performing art. By the end of this unit, the students will be able to identify the different materials used by an artist; understand the different technique to achieve the desired and meaningful effect of work of arts; appreciate the vase of self-trust in producing art; and come up with a simple art presentation. PRE-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST Pre-test. The purpose of this test is to determine your baseline knowledge or preparedness in this unit. A. Answer the following questions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is medium? What is technique? What are the different mediums used by painters? Sculptors? Architects? Why do artist differs in their choice of subjects for their artworks? What does the artist express in his paintings? What is the medium of literature? Explain the nature of translation B. Multiple choice: Complete each statement by circling the letter that responds to your answer. 1. This learning unit deals primarily with a. History of painting b. The artist’s medium c. The painter as a visual artist and his work of art d. None of the above 2. Realistic artists portray in their artwork a. Man’s inhumanity to man b. The exact replica of what they see and feel c. Sceneries, events, and places d. None of the above 3. The favorite subject of realists are a. The life of the poor, the peasants, and the condition of their period b. Their emotions and aspirations c. Their talents portrayed in colorful contrast 15 | P a g e d. None of the above 4. The keyboard instruments include a. Guitar b. Piano c. Flute d. Bass drum 5. The art of making two or three dimentional abstract form by the use of different mediums. a. Painting b. Sculpture c. Achitecture d. Literature 6. Art of designing and constructing building. a. Painting b. Sculpture c. Achitecture d. Literature 7. Tone is lighter in character, less somber, and frequently more flexible. a. Soprano b. Tenor c. Bass d. Alto 8. The string instruments include a. Guitar b. Piano c. Flute d. Bass drum 9. The skill of movement executed by the dancer. a. Technique b. Spotting c. Foot work d. Moon walk 10. Subject are either cut, lacirated, mutilated, or hacked. a. Elongation b. Mangling c. Distortion d. Cubism LEARNING RESOURCES A. To access the following resources, please click the link below LR1: https://www.scribd.com/doc/142 332130/Chapter-2-the-Artist-sMedium Done B. Google Docs. This will be shared and used to collaborate with other students simultaneously. Students are encouraged to place their note or some point here for further discussion. 16 | P a g e EXPLORE This module contains learning materials and activities for the students to complete. Concepts: 1. Medium refers to the materials used by an artist. 2. Technique is the manner in which the artist controls the medium to achieve desired effect. 3. Combined arts are those whose mediums can be both seen and heard and which exist in both space and time. 4. Painting is the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments. 5. Architecture is the art of designing and constructing a structure. 6. Sculpture is the construction of a figure by putting together module segments of the material. Objectives: At the end of this unit, the student should be able: 1. To familiarize oneself of how an artwork is made, put together, or organized. 2. To determine the meaning conveyed by the art and how an artwork makes life more meaningful. 3. To appreciate the vase of self-trust in producing art 4. To compare and contrast the different mediums in art production. 5. To come up with a simple art presentation. Medium and Technique Medium are classified into two: 1. Visual – these are mediums can be seen and which occupy space. Group into two Classes: a. Two-dimensional arts- painting, drawing, printmaking, and photography. b. Three-dimensional arts- sculpture, architecture, landscape, community planning, industrial design, ceramics and furnitures. 2. Auditory- these are mediums can be heard and which expressed in time. Music and Literature eg. Dance, Opera, Drama and Movies Technique- is an important aspect that distinguishes an Art form Craft. Example: a sculptor’s technique is his way of handling chisel and hammer, likewise a painter who holds his brush and flows his strokes applied in the canvass. Mediums: In Painting 17 | P a g e a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. Watercolor Fresco Tempera Pastel Encaustic Oil Acrylic Mosaic Stained Glass Tapestry Drawing Bistre Crayons Charcoal Silverpoint In Printmaking a. Woodcut b. Engraving c. Relief d. Intaglio e. Stencil Printing In Sculpture a. Stone b. Jade c. Ivory d. Metals e. Bronze f. Brass g. Copper h. Gold and silver i. Lead j. Plaster k. Clay l. Glass m. Wood n. Terra Cotta Architecture Architecture- is the art of designing a building and supervising its construction. It fulfills man’s needs that lead to its creation. Man’s needs: 1. Physical Needs- shelter 2. Emotional Needs – endowed with rich beauty and interest 3. Intellectual Needs- the purpose of occupation 18 | P a g e 4. Psychosocial Needs- recognition, response, self-expression Factors in the choice and use of Architectural Materials 1. Structural Property- workability with tools when used as construction materials. a. Compressive strength b. Tensile c. Porosity d. Lightness e. Durability f. Rigidity g. Gracefulness h. Flexibility of use 2. Physical Property – aesthetic use of the material for beauty a. Texture b. Tonal quality c. Color 3. Weakness of the materials a. Rotting b. Corrosion due to moisture c. Susceptibility to infection d. Discoloration e. Solar radiation f. Fungus growth 4. Longevity of materials- lifespan of material a. 10 years b. 20 Years c. Half a century d. More than a century 5. Other inherent properties a. Weight b. Water resistance c. Heat resistance d. Acoustic values 6. Others ( non-inherent properties) a. Availability b. economy Classification of Architectural Materials 1. The materials from nature 2. Materials manufactured or made by man 3. Indigenous Materials. 19 | P a g e Performing Arts A. MUSIC Vocal Music- is the oldest and natural form of music. Classification of Vocal Music: Under Long Vocal Form 1. Opera 2. Cantata 3. Oratorio 4. Moro-moro 5. Zarzuela Under Short Vocal Form 1. Folksongs 2. Art songs 3. Kundiman 4. Balitaw 5. Donza-habanera 6. Anthem 7. Motet 8. Madrigal 9. Ballad 10. Chorale 11. Round/cannon 12. Area Voice Classification Voice differs considerably according to timbre (quality) and range. As to timbre, they are classified into two: a. Womens’ voices 1. Soprano-tone is lighter in character, less somber and frequently more flexible, and classified into: a. Coloratura soprano b. Mezzo-soprano c. Lyric soprano 2. Alto or contralto- tone is richer and fuller. 20 | P a g e b. Men’s voices 1. Tenor-the highest type in men’s voices 2. Baritone- the voice is between tenor and bass 3. Bass- lowest and deepest voice quality The instrumental Music Musical instruments are the second medium in music. Forms of instrumental music are classified into: 1. Sonata- long composition for solo instrument, consisting of large sections called movements. This movements are the allegro, andante and rondo. 2. Suite- a series of musical pieces that tells a story. 3. Symphony- a sonata for the orchestra. 4. Concerto – a sonata for solo and orchestra designed to show-off the virtuosity of the soloist. 5. Chamber music- written for two solo instruments. The different Musical Instruments String Instruments a. b. c. d. Violin Viola Violoncello String bass Woodwinds a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Piccolo Flute Clarinet Oboe English Horn Bass Clarinet Bassoon Contrabassoon Brasses a. b. c. d. Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba Percussion Instruments a. Snare Drum b. Bass Drum 21 | P a g e c. Cymbals d. Triangle Properties of Musical Sound 1. Pitch – the highness or lowness of a tone in the musical scale. 2. Duration – property of sound depends on the length of time over which vibration is maintain. 3. Volume- the force or percussive effects as result of which the tone strikes us being loud or soft. 4. Timbre or Tone Color - individual quality of the sound produced by the other instruments. LITERATURE Language- is the medium of literature and combined arts Methods of Art Production and Presentation 1. Realism- describe as accurately and honestly as possible what is observed through senses. 2. Abstraction – it does not show the subject at all as an object reality, but only ideas and feelings. Presentation of Abstract Subjects: a. Distortion b. Elongation c. Mangling d. Cubism e. Abstract Expression ( strong color, heavy impasto, uneven brush strokes and rough textures) 3. Symbolism – is a visible sign of something invisible such as an idea or quality. 4. Fauvism- these does not attempt to express ethical, philosophical or psychological themes. 5. Dadaism- it tries to shock and provoke the public with outrageous pieces of writing, poetry, recital and art exhibitions. 6. Futurism - to capture the speed and force of modern society and glorifies mechanical energy of modern life. 7. Surrealism – it tries to reveal a new and higher reality than that of daily life. It is used as weapon against evil and restrictions that the surrealists see in the society. 8. Expressionism- - they believed in the necessity of a spiritual rebirth for man in an age that was fast becoming influenced by materialism. Lesson Summary Medium, which come from the Latin word medium, denotes the means by which an artist communicates his idea. These materials which are used by an artist to interpret his feeling or thoughts. 22 | P a g e On the basis of medium, the arts are primarily classified as visual and auditory. Visual Arts are those whose mediums can be seen and which occupy space. These are grouped into two classes. The first is the dimensional or two-dimensional arts which include painting, drawing, printmaking, and photography. The three-dimensional arts include sculpture, architecture, landscape, community planning, industrial designs, and crafts like ceramics and furnitures. Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the desired effect. It is the ability with which he fulfills the technical requirements of his particular work of art. DISCUSSION BOARD The following questions serve as guide for discussion for independent learning. 1. Why Medium is very important in exploring Art activities? 4. What are the different methods of presentation and production of art? Cite an Example on each method. 5. How do we categorize Voice of a singer? Cite at least five(5) singers and their categories POST-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST Activity 1 1. Look on your surroundings and find an artwork, maybe a painting or sculpture and even a structure, and discuss their medium or materials, the artist or designer who made it and when it was done. 2. List down at least five Filipino Artists and their works of art, giving the titles of their medium, and medium used, the method used in the production and presentation of their arts. Note: Take a picture of enumerated questions above and indicate your interpretation and post it to our GC. Artwork from home 1 (Project 1) Create a poster design using any medium (watercolor, pastel, poster, etc.) using cartolina or any available materials in your location. The theme relates to the present pandemic catastrophe showing the heroic acts of our Front liners. Take of picture of it while holding by yourself as the artist and post it in your personal Messenger. Project timeline: One to two (1-2) Weeks from the start of posting at the GC. CRITERIA: 30-% Relevance to the theme 40%- Artistry 30%- Visual Impact 23 | P a g e Week 5 UNIT 3 CHAPTER 3 ELEMENTS OF VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS INTRODUCTION This unit designed to provide a full overview of Elements of Visual and Performing Arts that can be seen in some mediums.. By the end of this unit, the students will be able to identify and explain elements of visual and performing arts by developing their skills through their personal contributions to the development of art. PRE-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST Pre-test. The purpose of this test is to determine your baseline knowledge or preparedness in this unit. Answer the following questions. i. j. What are basic elements of arts? Define it? Associate one of the basic elements of arts? Give examples to identify their elements found. k. In your own idea or opinion, what elements that describes the man’s personality? l. What are the functions of elements of art in the context of enhancing your personality? LEARNING RESOURCES C. To access the following resources, please click the link below LR3: https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/ clxrisse/the-elements-of-visualarts-and-performing-arts51686050 Done D. Google Docs. This will be shared and used to collaborate with other students simultaneously. Students are encouraged to place their note or some point here for further discussion. 24 | P a g e EXPLORE This module contains learning materials and activities for the students to complete. Concepts: 1. The elements of art consist of the qualities or properties inherent in each work of art. 2. The elements of visual arts are line, color, texture, perspective, space, form, volume, light, and shadow. 3. Line can make us know what the work is about. 4. Color refers to the quality or kind of light that reflects from the surface of the object. 5. Texture is the element that deals more directly with the sense of touch. 6. Perspective deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects by means of which the eye judges spatial relationships. 7. Space is concerned with making all parts functional so that all parts of the work of art will contribute to make the whole a complete work of art. 8. Form describes the structure or shape of the object. 9. Volume refers to amount of light that reflects from the surface of the object. 10. The elements of music are rhythm, melody, harmony, tempo, dynamics and timbre. 11. Rhythm is the vibration of length and accentuation of a series of sounds. 12. Melody refers to the pitches or tones sounded one after another in logical meaningful series. 13. Harmony refers to the manner of sound combination wherever we add subordinate sounds to enhance the quality of the main sound. 14. Tempo refers to the speed of a certain musical piece. 15. Dynamics refers to the amount, strength, or volume of the sound. 16. Timbre refers to the tone quality. Objectives: At the end of this unit, the student should be able: 1. To explain the relationship of the elements of the different fields of arts. 2. To explain how their elements are presented in the different artwork. 3. To be able to reflect on the functions of art with regard to their personal contributions to the development of art. 4. To determine the elements of music and literature as performing arts. 5. To develop one’s aesthetic sense of beauty. 6. To develop the ability to perceive or organize the true color of objects. 25 | P a g e Elements of Visual Arts The medium is the physical means through which we can come into contact with a work of art, and the elements are its quantities or properties. The elements of visual arts are line, color, texture, perspective, space, volume, light and shadow. LINE Line – is one of the element which disposed by an artist through painting or sculpture to represent figures and forms. Horizontal lines- are lines of repose and serenity. They express ideas of calmness and quiescence. Vertical lines- are lines poised for action. They suggest poise, balance, force, aspiration, exaltation and dynamism. Diagonal lines- suggest action, life, and movement. Curved lines- suggest grace, subtleness, direction, instability, movement, flexibility, joyousness and grace. Crooked or jagged lines- express energy, violence, conflict, and struggle. COLOR Color- is one of the element of art which describe as the property of light and has most aesthetic appeal. Three dimensions of Color 1. Hue- name of color 2. Value- refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. Tints- are values above the normal Shades – are values below the normal 3. Intensity- refers to the brightness or dullness of color. Color Harmonies- is the pleasant combination of different color hue at the same time. Two kinds of Color harmonies: 1.Related Color Harmonies- monochromatic or adjacent 2. Contrasted Color Harmonies- complementary colors Other harmonies- Triadic, Split complementary, double complementary, etc. Psychology of Colors- refers to psychological and emotional association of color and its connotations. Example: Black- -death, gloom White- purity, innocence 26 | P a g e Blue- heaven, peace, sky Red- anger, provokes fear Green- nature, freshness, well-being TEXTURE Texture – is one of the element of art which describe the characteristics of a surface which can add richness and vitality to the painting. It gives a surface unevenness which causes the color of the surface to be broken into gradations of light and shade. It is very real to sculptors and architects while to the painter it is an optical illusion to show. PERSPECTIVE Perspective- deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye judges spatial relationships. It enables us to perceived distance and to see the position of the object in space. Kinds of Perspective: 1. Linear Perspective- it is the representation of an appearance of distance by means of converging lines. 2. Aerial Perspective- it is the representation of relative distances of objects by gradations of tone and color. SPACE The exterior of the building is seen as it appears in space, while the interior is seen by one who is inside an enclosing space. Painting does not deal with space directly. Sculpture involves very little space relationship or perception of space. FORM Form- describes the structure or shape of an object. It directs the movements of the eyes. It signifies visual weight. Classified into: regular, irregular, centralized, linear, radial, clustered and grid VOLUME Volume- refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions. It refers to solidity or thickness. 27 | P a g e Elements of Performing Arts MUSIC Music- is an auditory art, uses as particular language to know its elements in order to understand the musician’s mode or technique of manipulating sounds in order to create meaning. Elements of Music: 1. Rhythm – it is the variation of length and accentuation of a series of sounds. 2. Melody- it refers to pitches or tones sounded one after another in a logical and meaningful series. 3. Pitch- the highness or lowness of sound which determine solely by the frequency of molecular vibration. 4. Harmony – the manner of sound combination wherein we add subordinate sounds to enhance quality of main sounds. 5. Tempo- refers to the speed of a certain musical piece. 6. Dynamics – refers to the amount, strength or volume of the sound. 7. Timbre – refers to tone quality. DANCE Dance- is an art and a recreation. As an art, it tells a story, asset set of moods, or expresses an emotion. Dances are vary in form. Types of Dances: 1. Folk dance/ Ethnic dances- are social dances that portray the beliefs, interest, habits, customs, and practices of native. 2. Ballroom dances- are dances of public entertainment, usually pairs in ballrooms, nightclubs, auditoriums or public places. 3. Theatrical dances- are performed for the entertainment of the audience in a theatre. Elements of Dances: 1. Theme- it conveys message of a dance 2. Design- is the pattern movement in time and space 3. Movement- refers to the bodily actions of the dancer that includes steps, gestures, and facial expression 4. Technique- the skill of movement executed by the dancer 5. Music- is the auditory backround to which the dancer moves 6. Costume and Body paraphernalia- properties worn by the dancer that help reflect the message, customs, beliefs and setting of a dance. 7. Choreography- refers to the figures and steps in dancing that enables the dancers to perform a dance in organized manner 28 | P a g e 8. Scenery – refers to the backround setting where the dance performed LITERATURE Literature- it is an art that is expressive of human feelings. It shows well-expressed ideas or feelings through symbolic presentation, usually through short stories, poetry, drama, or play, essay, among others. Classifications: 1. Escape 2. Interpretative Uses: For moral values For propaganda For therapeutic value Elements: 1. Emotional appeal 2. Intellectual appeal 3. Humanistic value Special Elements: 1. Plot 2. Characters 3. Point of View 4. Setting 5. Theme 6. Irony 7. Symbolism 8. Style POETRY Poetry- is a branch of Humanities that imaginatively and figuratively expresses man’s thoughts and feelings, usually in verse form. Elements of Poetry: 1. Language 2. Tone 3. Imagery 4. Sounds 5. Rhythm and Meter 6. Though or meaning 7. Shape of the poem 8. Speaker ESSAY Essay- is a literary composition on a particular subject. It is usually short and it expresses the author’s personal thoughts, feelings, experiences, or observation on a phase of life that has interested him. Elements of Essay: 1. The issue introduced 29 | P a g e 2. The writer’s viewpoint and thought 3. The relevance of the issue to the life of the reader NOVEL Novel- is a long work of prose fiction dealing with characters, situations that represent real life and setting and action is in the form of a plot. Elements of Novel: 1. Setting 2. Plot 3. Theme 4. Characters DRAMA Drama- is a presentation made up of words, sounds and actions of characters. Some dramas are in the form of poetry- but all dramas must be performed or acted out by character on stage, on film, radio, television or outdoors. Aspects of Drama: Drama as a script Drama as a Play Elements of Drama: 1. Plot 2. Character/ dramatics personae 3. Conflict 4. Irony 5. Theme or idea 6. Climax 7. Music and spectacle 8. Costumes and Make-up 9. Dialogue 10. Setting, scenery, and lighting 30 | P a g e DISCUSSION BOARD The following questions serve as guide for discussion for independent learning. 1. What are the elements of Visual Art? Define each element. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ . 2. Enumerate at least five (5) colors and give their psychological definitions. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________. 3. Cite a local musical piece and the artist and identify their type of tempo. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________. POST-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST PC3. Assessment with a set of review questions that reinforce the ideas in the unit. Answer the following: identify and enumerate the group of words or words being referred to: 1-3. Give the three dimensions of color Answer: 1. 2. 3. 4-10. List down the elements of music. 4. 5. 6. 31 | P a g e 7. 8. 9. 10. 11-18.What are the elements of Dance? 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19-20. What are the two aspects of Drama? 19. 20. PC4. Artwork from home 2 (Project 2) 1. Select and mount pictures on a cartolina or any medium available which show how the (a) different lines direct eye movements; (b) various kinds of plane and solid form. 2. Make six color harmony chart using cartolina paper and cardboard or any medium available. 3. Create textures on paper using varied pencil shades and pressures. Note: attached the finished work in your module with corresponding name and section. 32 | P a g e Week 6 UNIT 4 CHAPTER 4 THE PRINCIPLES OF ART DESIGN INTRODUCTION This unit designed to provide full concepts of the Principles of Design. By the end of this unit, the students will be able to know the importance and principles of design of an art in order to achieve better perception to achieve beauty. PRE-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST Pre-test. The purpose of this test is to determine your baseline knowledge or preparedness in this unit. Answer the following questions. a. What are the principles of design? Define it? b. What is design?. LEARNING RESOURCES E. To access the following resources, please click the link below LR3: https://study.com/academy/less on/what-are-theprinciples-ofart-definition-examples.html Done F. Google Docs. This will be shared and used to collaborate with other students simultaneously. Students are encouraged to place their note or some point here for further discussion. 33 | P a g e EXPLORE This module contains learning materials and activities for the students to complete. Concepts: 1. Perception of an art is governed by different principles of art design that guide the artist in making the art become more beautiful and interesting to the observers. 2. Through the combination of lines, colors, and forms, an artist can give the observer new, varied, and satisfying experience. 3. Design is the overall organizational visual structure of the formal elements in a work of art. 4. Harmony is the quality which produces an impression of unity through the solution and arrangement of consistent objects or ideas. Every orderly arrangement is harmony. 5. Balance is a quality of an art which gives feeling of rest, repose, equilibrium or stability of an art. 6. Proportion is a quality of an art which shows pleasing relationship between themselves and its parts and between the parts and themselves. 7. Rhythm is the regular, uniform or related movement made through the repetition of a unit or motif. 8. Emphasis is a quality of an art which tends to carry the eyes from the center of interest or dominant part of any composition to the less important or subordinate parts. Objectives: 1. To acquire the ability to perceive harmonious combination of lines, forms, sizes, textures, ideas and colors. 2. To acquire the ability to perceive, recognize and make balance composition. 3. To acquire the ability to make rhythm arrangement. 4. To acquire the ability to make pleasing proportions in margins, space divisions and the selection and arrangement of objects. 34 | P a g e 5. To acquire the ability to select and arrange objects for emphasis. 6. To appreciate beautiful compositions or designs. Perception of the Work of Art Proper arrangement of the different art elements in order to produce something beautiful is called design of art. The design of things makes objects differ from one perception to another. Good design of an art is the result of careful and correct application of the principles of design. The most important factor for an artist to remember is to execute these principles in order to achieve better perception to achieve beauty. Elements of arts are parts of a whole while perceptions of art design are rules or guides to help one put these elements together to achieve beauty. All of us are designers in our own ways. The five principles of art design are harmony, rhythm, balance, proportion and emphasis. HARMONY Harmony – is the art principle which produces an impression of unity through the selection and arrangement of consistent objects or ideas. it is the quality which unifies every part of an arrangement. If there is harmony there is order. Five aspects of harmony: 1. Harmony of lines and shapes 2. Harmony size 3. Harmony of Color 4. Harmony of Texture 5. harmony of Idea RHYTHM Rhythm – is the regular, uniform or related movement made through the repetition of a unit or motif. It is most universal, dynamic and pleasing art principle. Classification: a. Formal or Uniform- regular arrangement b. Informal or Free- with variation 35 | P a g e BALANCE Balance – is a condition or quality which gives a feeling of rest, repose, equilibrium or stability. It is the visual weights of lines, forms, values, textures and colors. Kinds of Balance: 1. Formal or Symmetrical Balance – with equal visual weight. 2. Informal or Asymmetrical Balance- with unequal visual weight. PROPORTION Proportion- is the art principle which shows pleasing relationship between a whole and its parts and between the parts themselves. It is the arrangement of space divisions in pleasing relationships. Proportions expressed in terms of Ratio Three Aspects of Proportion a. proportion in Grouping of Objects b. Proportion in Space Divisions c. Proportion in Scales EMPHASIS Emphasis- is the principle of art which tends to carry the eyes from the center of interest or dominant part of composition to the less important or subordinate parts. Factor of Emphasis- simplicity Methods of Emphasizing Objects: 1. By arrangement or grouping of objects 2. By Decoration 3. By Color Contrast 4. By the use of plain background space 5. By the use of unusual lines, shapes, sizes of color. Other Art Principles 1. Novelty or newness- a new style, more attractive and interesting 2. Variety or variation- appears to be monotonous 3. Utility, adaptability or function- adaptable to the purpose 4. Contrast- opposition or contradiction to subordinating parts 36 | P a g e DISCUSSION BOARD The following questions serve as guide for discussion for independent learning. 1. Why should objects in drawings and paintings be in balance forms. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ . 2. What is the significance of variety in art? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________. 3. Among design art principles, which one would you consider as the most important? Why? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________. POST-COMPETENCY CHECKLIST PC5. Assessment with a set of review questions that reinforce the ideas in the unit. Answer the following: identify and enumerate the group of words or words being referred to: True or False (5 Points each) If the statement is correct write TRUE; if the statement is wrong write FALSE. _____________ 1. Objects which have decorations are better emphasized than those without them. _____________ 2. The most essential factor in emphasis is simplicity. _____________ 3. Contrast is the antonym of opposition or contradiction. _____________ 4. Asymmetrical Balance is the balance of equal visual weights placed at equal distances from the axis. _____________ 5. Repetition of a unit creates a feeling of movement. 37 | P a g e PC6. Artwork from home 3 (Project 3) 1. Select and mount pictures in any medium available which shows each principles of Art Design. 2. Create a sketches or drawing here and define what principles of Art Design you applied. Note: attached the finished work in your module with corresponding name and section. 38 | P a g e 39 | P a g e