2018
Training Manual
Community Policing and Public Trust
Ronald Ruyombya
Youth Integrated Development Organisation
(YIDO)
11th July 2018
Table of Contents
VOCABULARY .......................................................................................................................................... 2
PART 1: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 The definition and purpose of community policing ...................................................................... 5
1.3 Introduction of Community Policing in Uganda............................................................................ 6
1.4 Legal Frame Work ......................................................................................................................... 7
2 Goal and Objective of the manual ................................................................................................... 7
PART 2: TRAINING SESSIONS................................................................................................................... 8
Session1: Commencing the training ................................................................................................... 8
Official Opening .............................................................................................................................. 8
Session 2: PRESENTATIONS ................................................................................................................. 9
Topic 1: Formation of Neighborhood Watch System ......................................................................... 9
Topic 2: Community Meetings .......................................................................................................... 12
2.1 Objectives of the topic ............................................................................................................ 12
2.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 12
Topic 3: Door to Door Visits and Night Patrols ................................................................................. 17
3.1 Objectives of the session ........................................................................................................ 17
3.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 17
Topic 4: Data Management, Reporting and Accountability Mechanisms ........................................ 20
4.1 Objectives of the session ........................................................................................................ 20
4.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 20
4.3 KEY DEFINITIONS ..................................................................................................................... 20
4.4 Data Collection ........................................................................................................................ 21
4.5 Reporting................................................................................................................................. 24
Session 5: Evaluation and Closure of Training .............................................................................. 27
1
VOCABULARY
Accountability: Police accountability means that police activity - ranging from the behavior of
single police officers to the strategies for police operations among others-is open to observation
by a variety of oversight relevant bodies.
Beat: Is an area which a particular officer or group of constables is detailed to patrol during a
single tour of duty. It may be a collection of cells or villages or hamlets or a stretch of
kilometers.
Career Criminal: A habitual offender a recidivist-one who returns to prison over and over
again,a“hardened”or“hardcore”criminal-suchoffendersleadlivesofcrime but can be rehabilitated
with the community support.
Citizen Dispute Settlement Meetings (CDSF): These can be special meetings designed as a
mediation/reconciliation platform to help parties workout problems of a civil or minor
criminal nature prior to use of the court system. The meetings can be planned by police and
area chairperson and made known to the senior area police officer.
Coactive Policing: Policing in partnership with the community and other community
service providers to improve the overall quality of life within the neighborhoods in a
community.
Community Meetings: The purpose is to establish and maintain communication among
the community members; identify community problems pertaining to employment, small
business, education, governmental representation, housing, environmental protection, drug
and alcohol abuse, and youth; and to determine how the problems can be solved, either by
existing community groups that can and will accept responsibility for solving these problems, or,
if deemed necessary, by Alliance action.
Community Policing Area: The geographic area in which a Community Policing Officer is
assigned.
Community Policing: A philosophy and organisational strategy that promotes
a partnership-based, collaborative efforts between the police and the community to
more effectively and efficiently identify, prevent and solve problems of crime, the fear of
crime, physical and social disorder and neighborhood decay in order to improve the
quality of life for everyone.
Community police Council: A representative group of community residents who meet
on a regular basis with the Police Officers to discuss police policies and operations. This
constitutionally recognized at sub county level headed by GISO and the chairperson
Local Council three (3)
Community: A body of people living in the same area or having interest of residence,
work, etc. in common; a society at large or a general public.
Neighborhood Watch: a scheme of systematic local vigilance by householders to
discourage crime, especially burglary, Gender based violence, sexual abuse among others
2
Crime Analysis: The scientific, systematic, data-driven analysis of crime and patterns of
crime that helps devise effective strategies to prevent future crime and apprehend
suspects.
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design: is defined as a multi-disciplinary
approach to deterring criminal behavior based on an analysis of surrounding
environmental parameters.
Neighborhood Watch Teams: Associations of neighborhood residents which, working
together with the UPF, engage in crime prevention activities such as Cell or Village watch
teams, and provide information to the police or mobilse the community through
community leadership to address their social challenges.
Police-Public Partnerships: A synonym for community policing for the purpose
of facilitating a better translation and interpretation of the term community policing
into different languages.
Proactive Policing: A model of police operations that strives to prevent crime or other
undesirable activity from occurring. Examples include early intervention, crime watch and
drug education.
Public: A body of people and institutions. The public comprises both the governmental
and administrative sector as well as the private sector, including individuals.
3
PART 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
The global and regional security environment continues to experience dynamic challenges and
opportunities that call for new approaches. Most Countries in the world including the
Commonwealth countries, have shifted to community policing as a Policing strategy of the
21st Century and Uganda not an exception. As a country, Uganda is affected by these
developments that have necessitated a paradigm shift in our policing doctrine. An effective
policing strategy must provide a framework that allows community members to participate in
securing themselves, their properties and national interests. In this perspective the Uganda
Police adopted Community Policing as a policing strategy that entrenches community
participation by empowering the citizens in crime prevention.
4
1.2 The definition and purpose of community policing
For a long time, police departments in the world operated under what is generally referred to
as a “professional” model of policing. Under this model, local police departments were
organised around strict hierarchical lines, utilised standardised operational protocols and
emphasised responding to serious crimes when they occurred. This strict emphasis on
professionalism did not, however, diminish social disorder as crime rates have not waned. The
authorities began to re-examine the role of police departments in public safety management
and craft new reform that would reduce crime through improved relationships and direct
partnerships between the community and the police. These efforts have centered on a new
philosophy of law enforcement known as “community policing.”
Community policing, is both a philosophy and a practice that stresses more direct officer
involvement with the community and is organised around less rigid hierarchies and
protocols1. For the purpose of this Strategy, we adopt the following definition:
Community policing is simply a positive engagement of the people in an area and the
local police to act together to prevent crime and disorder.
In the transitional democracies of Africa, the state is weak and lacks the capacity to enable the
functioning of its critical agencies, which generates organised crime that cannot be handled by
the police alone. Thus, attempts to address the root causes of neighborhood crime need the
assistance of the larger community. It is for this reason that states are adopting community
policing strategies. The aim of community policing model, therefore, was to:
1. Establish close relationship with community by maintaining ongoing consultation
with all segments of the public.
2. Mobilise the community in preventive actions.
3. Focus on proactive problem-solving and preventive rather than reactive and
overaggressive policing.
4. Recognise that the police should reorient to the new approach.
The philosophy and practice of community policing is becoming the norm worldwide. Since
the 1970s, police departments have gradually adopted it as a strategy to cope with rising crime.
In Uganda, community policing was introduced in 1989 but the community policing
approaches popularised with experiments at Old Kampala Police Station in 1993. Since then
the philosophy and practice has been extended to other regions in the country and not limited
to common challenges like corruption, lack of community willingness, political instability
from both within and neighbor countries of Uganda.
5
1.3 Introduction of Community Policing in Uganda
The trend of events in Uganda between 1966 and 1986 that have had a profound
influence on the police and its approach to policing include, political turmoil and
illegitimate or unpopular governments. As a result of the generalised insecurity and
political strife, the government’s ability to combat crime and maintain law and order was
crippled. Another arena of discontent that influenced the government’s ability to
comprehensively address crime in the country relates to the poor economic prospects and
massive unemployment that motivated crime among different groups.
The decay of government machinery and degeneration of public morals crippled the
institutions and process of social control. Thus, the capacity of the Uganda police to deal
decisively with this level of crime was inadequate in terms of logistics and trained human
resource. By 1986 the need to involve communities in combating crime had become more
urgent both as a way of winning back public trust and confidence in the police force and
also as way of forging meaningful public / private partnership to fight crime. These
realities formed the basis for the initiation of a more pro – active approach to policing
known as community policing in 19891. With the assistance of DFID, the programme
was established at national level in 1993 and later launched by the minister of internal
affairs in 20002. It is now the core of policing and therefore the basis of command at
regional, district/divisional/station and post level with the following objectives:







Establish an effective and efficient policing system with the assistance of the
public to prevent crime.
Sensitise the communities on crime and its control.
Promote open and honest relations between the police and the public.
Enhance greater accountability in policing to members of the public.
Ensure that policing priorities tally with community or local security needs
Help promote and foster respect for human rights by the police.
Improve the quality of police services and integrate them into community life.
Since the re-introduction of community policing in 1993, the Uganda Police Force has
worked to refine and popularise the use of community policing as a viable approach to
prevent crime and promote a more consensual approach to policing in the country
marking a change in policing approach.
1Strategy
for community policing 2007, (Uganda Police Force)
paper presented at the 6th annual JLOS forum held at Speke resort munyonyo, 20th Mar. 2012 by
Martin Ochola.
2A
6
DIGP. Okoth
1.4 Legal Frame Work
The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda 1995
The Constitutions of the Republic of Uganda 1995, article 212 mandates the Uganda
Police Force (UPF) to protect life and property, prevent and detect crime, preserve law
and order and cooperating with Civilian authority, other security agencies, and with the
population generally.
The Constitution of Uganda in Article 17(f) stipulates that it is the duty of every citizen of
Uganda to cooperate with lawful agencies in the maintenance of law and order.
The trust in state security institutions is essential to building the legitimacy of the state,
reducing incentives to participate in crime and encouraging citizens to cooperate with
criminal investigations and other state functions.
It is therefore hoped that this manual goes a long way to foster positive engagement
between police and community to improve the safety of citizens and their trust in the
police as an institution responsible for their safety.
2 Goal and Objective of the manual
2.1 Goal
To improve the relationship between police and the community in prevention and
management of crime and social disorder.
2.2 Objectives
a) To enhance capacity of the police officers in the field of community policing to enable
them implement the project intervention strategy.
b) To build the capacity of village neighborhood watch teams towards enhancing strong and
meaningful relationships with government agencies for crime prevention activities.
c) To guide participantson best practices for data management and reporting mechanisms
of the project.
7
PART 2: TRAINING SESSIONS
Session1: Commencing the training
Duration: 1 ½ hours
 The session starts with participants registering themselves and taking up their seats ready
for the day
 The team leader welcomes the participants highlighting the major aspects to be covered
during their stay
 The organisers/team leader use this time to elaborate on the background of the training
and the 10 pillars of Community Policing.
 The source of funding/key sponsors and other stake holders involved.
 It’s intended objectives and eventual outcomes.
 The relevance, timeliness and applicability of the acquired knowledge should be
emphasized here and strategies in place to ensure future sustainability of such initiatives
 Having stated the objectives, the team leader shows how each objective would be
fulfilled by taking the participants through the program of the training.
 This is followed by setting the ground rules/guidelines for all to follow during the
training (having phones in silence, respecting each other’s contributions and keeping
time)
 To sum it up, team leaders introduce their teams and then ask the participants to
introduce themselves and express their expectation from the training.
Official Opening
 The official opening should normally be done by a senior officer of police from
Headquarters, Region or the District or local government official.
 Gives strategic observations, other related actions for the same cause and possible
synergies.
 Key statistics of crime in the area.
 How UPF is fairing as a service provider to its customers – what is the public
perception?
 What can be done to remove the Barriers?(with reference to project objectives)
 Emphasises that this training is critical for the success of the project.
 That as a JLOS institution we need to work as a team with other partners like DPP,
Probation and Courts
 Thanks to development partners for sponsorship and encourages both organisers and
participants to live to the expectations of the training
8
Session 2: PRESENTATIONS
Topic 1: Formation of Neighborhood Watch System
Duration;2 ½ hours
Objectives of the session
By the end of this session, participants should be able to fully participate and address issues
arising from their society:
Methodology
 The presentation takes both lecture format, power point presentation but equally
participatory allowing participants to ask all related questions.
 The trainer/presenter allows a Q&A session at the end of session for clarity
1. Neighborhood Watch and Teams
a) Concept
This is the basic level of security arrangement that can be appropriately described as individual
responsibility over community interest. Individuals living in the same society develop
mechanisms of ensuring their own security.
In this case, each village will be clustered into a maximum of 10 cells. The number of households
clustered should not be imposed, fixed or limited by external forces but determined by shared
aspirations and locality. Existing community policing arrangements should not be disrupted but
improved and modified in line with this guideline. For instance some clusters are unified Cells
brought together by pursuits of similar goals and objectives. The Neighborhood watch cells
should address shared and common concerns particular to their situation. This is only applicable
in rural setting.
b). Scope
The neighborhood watch clusters cut across the various shades of society in terms of creed,
politics, ethnicity, race, gender or any other sectarian affiliation. It must therefore never be used
as a platform to enhance any of these aspects.
c). Foundation of Common Welfare and Social Order
The clusters’ immediate priorities will include but not limited to security, environment,
education, youth conduct and behavior and good aspects of culture. These will lay the
foundation of good social welfare which must always be encouraged to show that cells deal with
the holistic aspect of life.
d). Proactive Interventions
The Cell’s interventions will be more on prevention of negative social activities and
promotion of positive values. Short term interventions will be to address concerns on the fear
of crime, poor performance in education and unhealthy environmental concerns with a long
term goal of promoting social cultural and economic wellbeing of the society.
9
e). Self-sustaining
The clusters will develop and promote group sustainability without any financial expectations
from the government. The government will not financially facilitate operational activities of the
clusters. The service to the clusters is therefore voluntary.
f).Participation
While recognizing constitutional provisions on freedom of association and right to privacy, it is
incumbent upon citizens to participate in matters of their security not only as part of their civic
duty but also in the spirit of patriotism to their country. Community meetings should be
communicated and in agreement with area police and local authorities in respect to Public Order
Management act and other laws.
g). Equitable Representation
Representation at all levels must be guided by principles of equity as regards gender,
professionalism, regard to people with disability and other just criteria adopted by members.
Some advantages of Neighborhood Watch Cells include:
 Prevents Crime and Reduces crime
 Provides direct contact with the Police
 Increases awareness about activities in the area
 Helps neighbors get to know each other
 Assist the Police with crime prevention efforts
2. Procedure of demarcating cells out of villages
The Area Police CLO and/or OC together with the LC leadership will demarcate the villages
under a given police post into neighborhood watch Cells. A maximum of 10 Cells shall be
curved out of each village with households (depending on the household densities in the village)
with geographical proximity. Each Cell shall be composed of 6 Neighborhood watch team
members who will act as Neighborhood watch leaders of the Cell. The number of cells curved
out of each village will determine the number of watch team members at the village level. The
Leader of each Cell team will automatically be elected a member of the Watch team at the Village
level. Besides the Cell watch team representatives/leaders, 3 other members will be selected by
the area Chairperson to represent the elderly, people living with disability and gender will
constitute the Village Watch team. Village watch teams will meet at the Post/Parish level to
elected a Parish Watch team headed by the security representative of Government (PISO) up to
the Sub county level which is the lowest security level recognized by the Uganda Constitution
1995 as Amended and headed by the Chairperson LC3, GISO and others.
The District Police Commander, District Internal Security Officer, The Chairperson LC5 and
Resident District Commissioner are the security supervisors and heads at the District Level
10
3. Neighborhood Watch Teams and their Roles
With an understanding that main goals of Community Policing in regard to this training manual
are: elimination of the fear of crime and social disorder, through joint problem solving; and,
prevention of crime.
The following are the objectives of Neighborhood Watch Teams:
a) Establish an active partnership between Government Policing Agencies and the
community for purposes of realizing safer communities;
b) Enhancing democratic policing and openness;
c) Jointly solving problems;
d) Promoting transparency and accountability;
e) Guaranteeing the enjoyment of individual fundamental rights, freedoms and responsibility;
f) Building sustainable confidence and mutual trust among actors; and Preventing
crime and violence and reduction of public fear of crime.
Roles
a) Addressing the felt needs of the cells through partnership with other government
policing agencies and organisations.
b) Creation of understanding between Government Policing Agencies and the community
about their role in crime prevention.
c) Enhancing dialogue between communities and Government Policing Agencies.
d) Enhancing policing through education and capacity building of members of the
community to enable constructive participation in addressing issues of security.
e) Enhancement of accountability of the Government Policing Agencies to the community
they serve.
f) Acting as community emergency response teams (cells).
g) Improving environmental design to reduce crime.
h) Giving special attention to vulnerable groups especially women and children, and people
with disabilities.
i) Sharing responsibility and decision-making as well as sustained commitment from both
the government policing agencies and community, with regard to safety and security
needs.
j) Resolving conflict between and within community groupings through dialogue to
enhance peace and stability.
k) Basing problem solving activities on a consultative approach that constantly seeks to
approve responsiveness to identified community needs.
l) Encouraging participation of all members of the government policing personnel in
community policing and problem solving initiatives.
11
Topic 2: Community Meetings
Duration 2 hours
2.1 Objectives of the topic
At the end of the presentation, participants will be able to;
a) Plan, Organise and Conduct the community meeting effectively
b) Identify relevant topics in line with the prevailing security situation in the area.
c) Capture and report the proceedings of the community meetings
2.2 Methodology
The presentation will be made by competent officer from Police or YIDO.
This will be both lecture and practical session. Participants will be grouped and a mock
meeting exercise be done.
2.3 Guidelines for conducting a Community Policing Meeting
The Officer in Charge (OC) at the post/station under which the selected parish belongs together
with his other officer of their choice will conduct not less than one village meeting in each village
under his area of operation every month at a common and convenient place in the
community(community hall, church, school, a big tree or a resident’s home).
Within a period of one month, the officers should have held a meeting in each of the villages
selected in a parish. Officers will inform the community leaders at least one week to the date of
the upcoming meeting for appropriate preparations. Mobilization of local community members
shall be done by the LC leaderships mainly the LC1 chairpersons and/or community mobilisers
of the LCs and Community Watch teams. The chairperson or an identified member of the LC
committee will make door to door visits on a bicycle or by foot informing the household
members of the upcoming meeting (as is already the case for most villages).
YIDO will coordinate these meetings from mobilization to the end of the meeting and ensure
high attendance by the community members. Community meetings should occur typically in late
afternoon or evening a time when most people are off their daily engagements and these
meetings must not exceed 6pm.
The first community meeting will have a presentation by a senior police officer on duties and
responsibilities of a police officer, professional codes of conduct. The OC/senior police officer
present at the meeting will popularize the telephone numbers of Professional Standards Unit and
the accessibility of Police form 105 to the public. In addition, it is preferred that the first
presentation include a high ranking officer to introduce the intervention to the community and
to present on topics that officers at the post may not be credible enough to deal with (such as
corruption and charging money for police bond). Meetings shall last for 2-3 hours and will be
consist of three major parts.
i.
Presentation by a senior officer on a topic identified
Station/post Officer in Charge shall give the presentation and is advised to prepare
ahead of time. They will be required to cover the selected topics but may also include
their own perspectives depending on community uniqueness
ii.
Q&A session - participants can ask questions to police officers
12
There must be a Q & A session for the police to respond to questions from the
community. Q & A sessions typically lag on in these meetings, it is important that
communities are not constrained not to ask questions. However, the police officers must
have time to present the prepared topic/s for the day
Discussion of community specific issues - problem oriented policing
iii.
The order of these can be adjusted guided by the experience of the officers in handling
community meetings. The meeting shall flow the agenda below-again the order of which can be
adjusted accordingly;
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Introduction
Word from village chairperson
Minutes from the previous meetings (where applicable)
Communication from the senior officer present and Prepared topic for the day
The neighborhood watch teams provide a simple report supplemented by reports from
the night patrol teams
f. Critical matter from the community (Q&A)
g. Police representatives’ respond to raised issues from the community
The order of these will be agreed on before the meeting begins. Any of the following topics will
be prepared in advance by the police officers assigned the responsibility of presenting at the
community meeting
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Structure of the police at the station and roles and responsibilities of each unit
Publication of the PSU Reporting/complaints against UPF/Integrity
Responsibilities of the police/community
Role of the community in community policing
Civil vs criminal cases
Procedure of opening and following up a case after reporting
Police bond and conditions under which one can get it
Organizing and supporting neighborhood watch teams and crime preventers (fix into the
first meeting)
i) How to report crimes to UPF (using both personal phone numbers and desk phone)
The police will develop a Schedule for holding community meetings. The schedule developed
will be shared among YIDO, IPA and UPF for each parish to allow easy communication and
monitoring. A meeting Schedule covering at least two month will be developed at a time.
Adherence to the above protocol will be documented by a research assistant from IPA who will
endeavor to be part of these meetings. Whenever IPA research assistant cannot attend, YIDO
representative will stand in for the same activities. This person will take notes on the
proceedings, questions raised, issues that occur, general atmosphere during the meeting and any
deviations from the protocol.
13
2.4 Key talking Points for Community Meetings
1. Roles and responsibilities of police officers in community policing
Police officers wear many hats when fulfilling their role in society. In particular, police officers
are involved in community building and crime prevention. Their roles include some of the
following;







Identifying and solving problems in the community
Develop cooperative relationships in the community guided by values and purposes
Conducting public outreaches i.e. communicating with the citizens
Conduct routine neighborhood checks and patrols
Attending meetings of residents
Apprehending criminals and law enforcement
Conduct and follow up on investigations
2. Civil vs Criminal cases
Criminal and Civil cases are generally different in terms of their punishment.Below is a
comparison of the key differences;
Criminal cases
A person accused of a crime is generally
charged in a formal accusation called an
indictment (for felonies or serious crimes) or
information (for misdemeanors).
Civil cases
A civil case begins when a person or entity
(such as a corporation or the state), called the
plaintiff, claims that another person or entity
(the defendant) has failed to carry out a legal
duty owed to the plaintiff.
It is not the victim's responsibility to bring a It’s a victim’s responsibility to file a complaint
criminal case.
in court in a civil suit.
Crimes are generally offenses against the state
or society as a whole
Accordingly, crimes against the state are
prosecuted by the state, and the prosecutor
(not the victim) files the case in court as a
representative of the state.
The state must generally prove crimes "beyond
a reasonable doubt"
Where the charge is a misdemeanor or felony,
if the defendant cannot afford a lawyer, the
court will appoint one without cost to the
defendant.
Defendants almost always have the right to a
trial by jury, except in infraction cases.
Criminal cases will have jail time as a potential
These are typically disputes between
individuals or organisations regarding the legal
duties and responsibilities they owe one
another.
These cases are adjudicated through civil
lawsuits and the wronged party files the case.
Civil cases are proved by lower standards of
proof/balance of probabilities .This means that
a party to a civil case can win if he or she is
able to convince the judge or jury that his or
her side of the case is slightly more convincing
than the other side’s.
If a party cannot afford a lawyer, they have to
represent themselves. There is no right to a
court-appointed lawyer in an infraction case.
There are many types of cases where there is
no right to a trial by jury.
Civil cases generally only result in monetary
14
punishment. Note that a criminal case may
involve both jail time and monetary
punishments in the form of fines.
Criminal cases almost always allow for a trial
by jury.
A defendant in a criminal case is entitled to an
attorney, and if he or she can't afford one, the
state must provide an attorney.
damages or orders to do or not do something.
Civil cases do allow juries in some instances,
but many civil cases will be decided by a judge.
A defendant in a civil case is not given an
attorney and must pay for one, or else defend
him or herself.
3. Roles of the community in community policing








Reporting crimes and potential suspects to police
Cooperating with police in crime prevention and management
Providing and sharing information with police and other security agencies
Providing moral and material support to police in crime management
Enhancing their own safety and security
Forming active sustainable community policing fora
Attend meetings and dialogue organised by police and other security agencies
Attend court proceedings and give evidence when summoned
4. Procedure in case management (opening and follow up cases) after reporting
Case management begins right from the time of reporting to disposal i.e. when the case has been
successfully investigated to its logical conclusion. There are various steps taken when
investigating cases and include some of the following as listed below;
 The crime starts with self-assessment i.e the victim realises that the matter beyond
his/her control and need to seek the support of another party or authority to access
justice.
 The Victim decides on which structure to seek for assistance from i.e either family
structure, community/local council or Police
 The victim reports to a relevant authority depending on the case committed.
 Recording of a complaint/case in the SD in case of police or any form of case register
incase of local councils
 Case screening i.e. isolated cases that can be handled by CID, CFPU, LCs, etc
 The complainant and the offender are informed and handed over to the right department
handling their case
 Visiting of the scene of crime with presence of the reporter/victim and community Local
Council Chairperson
 Recovery of the exhibits and documentation of any other evidence realized or provided
by the community
 Interviewing of the witnesses, victims and suspects. Use of separate rooms for
interviews is encouraged
 Recording of statements from witnesses, victims and suspects
 Issuing of PF24, PF3 and 3A for medical examination
 Compilation of the file and sending it to the RSA for perusal
15
 Producing of the suspect in court
5. Police Bond and conditions under which one can get it
A Police Bond (PF18) simply means the release of a person who has been arrested with or
without a warrant with the understanding that he/she will appear before the court or police
officer at a specified time and place. It also acts as the guarantee that the person (he or she) will
turn up whenever required to do so by the police is known as police bond. A bond is issued to
persons that commit minor offences other than murder, treason or rape which are crimes of
serious nature/capital offences. No money is paid on issuance of the Police Bond.
Note: If a police officer asks for money to release a suspect on bond, report the officer to higher
police authorities or other local authorities.
Release of a person from custody on bond
Without any expected pay from the community or the suspect to the police, the law empowers
police officers to release persons arrested with or without a warrant from custody on bond
according to S/17 of the Criminal Procedure Act under certain circumstances and include the
following;






If it is impracticable to bring the person before a magistrate’s court within 24 hours in
case of children and 48 hours in case of adult.The Police Officer should explain in detail
the possibility of this happening besides bribery or malice or any form of sectarianism
and segregation.
If the inquiry into the case cannot be completed forthwith.
Where a person is detained as a preventive action
If the person’s health is at stake, he or she can be released on medical grounds
If the offence appears to the officer not to be of a serious nature
If a person was arrested on suspicion to have committed a crime and after inquiry, there
is insufficient evidence to proceed with a charge.
6. Production of PSU reporting/complaints against a police officer
The UPF established the Professional Standards Unit to handle complaints from the general
public concerning the misconduct of police personnel.
The PF105 is for lodging complaints against a police officer on cases of violation of human
rights and unprofessional conduct under Section 70 of the Police Act 303, which provides for
complaints by the public against police officers. This was geared towards quick and easy
resolution of public complaints, promotion of better relations between police and the public and
contribution to improving police services to the general public.
Explain to the community procedures through which the complaint can be filed and contact
numbers for PSU
Note: A person is entitled, without prejudice to any other legal means of redress available to him
or her, to make a written complaint as to –
(a) an instance of bribery, corruption, oppression or intimidation by a police officer;
(b) any neglect or non performance of his or her duties by a police officer;
(c) any other misconduct by a police officer.
16
The complaint form is divided into four parts i.e.



Introduction
Particulars of the complainant
Details about the complaint and
 Police officer (s) against whom the complaint is made
 The complainant should ask to be given the telephone contact of the officer with whom
the form is submitted to and handling the case.
 The Police officer/office handling the case should keep the complainant informed about
the progress and also educate him/her on procedures to follow-up the case
 The complainant should also be advised to record the regional and national PSU toll free
telephone contacts for case follow-up
The trainer/presenter allows a Q&A session for clarity
Topic 3: Door to Door Visits and Night Patrols
Duration 1 ½ hours
3.1 Objectives of the session
At the end of the presentation, participants will be able to;
 Plan for the night patrols and door to door visits
 build systems that will integrate community watch teams and Community members to
support night patrols
 Encourage Local council leaders to participate in night patrols and door to door visits.
 Identify crime hotspot areas using records at the stations/posts
3.2 Methodology
The session should be facilitated in a participatory manner divided into brainstorming
sessionsand plenary discussions.
3.3 PATROLS
Definition of a patrol; It’s a group or individual personnel detailed to move through a specified
area for security purposes. All police units make sketch maps of patrol routes. Patrols are
performed regularly.
Note: For this case, the village patrol should be done for a minimum of one hour per route
Types of patrols
Patrol is done in many types which include;
1) Foot patrol
2) Car patrol - Motorised)
3) Air patrol
4) Boat patrol
17
Preparing for Patrol Duties:
A non Commissioned Officer (N.C.O) must ensure that personnel are inspected then checked
for their note books, pens, pencils, whistles, handcuffs, batons, rain coats and smartness. The
officers are briefed as to any recent crime, trend, suspected persons and hotspots for crime and
any other information that may be relevant to that specific area. Remember the better you know
your area the more effective you will be.
While on Patrol
Be observant
Be conscience, honest and reliable.
When provoked remain calm.
When dealing with offenders be firm but yet fair and polite in decision making.
Walk gently and defectively
Greet the people you meet on the way and listen to their concerns.
Record all given information by the community for follow-up
Instances When a patrolling officer May Leave His Beat without Being Properly
Relieved
When called upon by a senior officer.
In case of sudden illness.
When chasing criminals or suspect.
When escorting criminals to police station.
When answering a call for assistance.
In case of fire breaking out in ones beat.
When going for short / long call.
When called back to the station for other duties.
In case of any circumstances notify the NCO immediately.
Points to Note
It is important for a patroller to know the following;
Have full knowledge of area, the extent of his/her; be familiar to in and out route of the beat.
Know how to make from one part of the beat to another using the most available routes, nearest
telephone sets, important places or buildings within his beat which may be used to assist the
members of the public.
A patroller should not aim at the criminals alone but he/she interacts with the members of the
public who often can provide vital information.
Note that he/she is observed by everybody, therefore should portray a good image of the force
by being smart, conscience, honest and reliable.
Must be able to identify appropriate means of preventing crime.
Preserve good public order.
Maintain good public relations.
Advice on matters likely to cause danger.
18
Challenges likely to be encountered during Patrol Duties;
1. Obstruction by negative forces
2. Breach of peace
3. Missing children, old peoples and other persons Lost and found property
4. Commercial Sex Workers and Refugees
5. Complaints from the members of public.
There should always be stand by team at the station to respond to these challenges
3.4 DOOR TO DOOR VISITS
Door-to-door is a canvassing technique that is generally used for sales, marketing, advertising, or
campaigning, in which the person or persons walk from the door of one house to the door of
another, trying to sell or advertise a product or service to the general public or gather
information.
According to police mandate noted above, door to door visits are intended to establish more
constant police presence in communities; create opportunities for face-to-face dialogue with
citizens.
The door to door visits shall be done by the OC post/station covering the respective treatment
parish. The officer in charge will choose any other officer of their choice to go with. The OC
should move out at least once a week to do the door to door visits. The OC will be expected to
meet and greet some members of the local council committees in their homes where it is
expected that as they find these, they will come across other people in the communities. Doorto-door visits, activities will be communicated in the first community meeting to make sure
communities are aware and expect the officers when they see them. Thereafter, door-to-door
visits will preferably follow after a community meeting and can be conducted on any day of the
week. The officers are encouraged to hold informal meetings that may or may not be on
discussions held in the previous community meetings.
Police should aim to visit the community when most people are back home from their daily
work (information on this will be obtained from the LC leadership) preferably in the afternoon.
On the day of door-to-door visits, police officers should move from around the communities
holding informal conversations with the community members found at their homes. LC leaders
are not expected to accompany the police officers as they do this, to allow tension-free
interactions between them and the community members. The officers are expected to make
known their presence to some LCs leaders (this will be part of the monitoring points). A
schedule for door-to-door visits similar to that of community meetings (Appendix 1b) will be
developed by the OC-station and shared with YIDO, UPF and IPA.
A motorcycle will be used to interconnect between sparsely located homesteads. YIDO will
remind the police officers and follow up on the progress of the door-to-door visits. Police
officers will not be escorted by the village leadership.
The Police officers should write a summary report 1 of the interactions with the community
members and the issues arising after every visit. IPA/YIDO will collect these reports on a
monthly or at most bi-monthly interval and compile them. Community informers will be
19
identified who will be called on telephone to provide information on the progress of the doorto-door meetings and other intervention activities.
The trainer/presenter allows a Q&A session for clarity
Topic 4: Data Management, Reporting and Accountability Mechanisms
Duration: 2 hours
4.1 Objectives of the session
At the end of the presentation, participants will be able to;
 Interpret and use tools of data collection and reporting
 Understand the type of data to be collected and disaggregated accordingly.
 Ensure timely reporting according to set timelines.
4.2 Methodology
The session should be facilitated in a participatory manner divided into brainstorming sessions,
plenary discussions and mock sessions.
4.3 KEY DEFINITIONS
Data
The raw material of information. Refers mostly to the information entered into, and stored
within acomputer or file.
Data Collection
The process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established
systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research questions, test hypotheses, and
evaluate outcomes.
Data Processing
Any process that converts data into information
Data Storage
Information stored electronically to be used at a given time.
Information (Report)
The result of processing, manipulating and organizing data in a way that adds to the knowledge
of the person receiving it.
Information Dissemination
The systematic distribution of information or knowledge through a variety of ways to potential
beneficiaries.
20
For purposes of this study, Officers will be required to capture all the necessary data in the
predesigned data capture forms provided.
4.4 DOCUMENTING COMMUNITY MEETINGS




Registration of Participants (Name, sex, Village of residence, occupation…) ensure to
capture the most important socio-demographic characteristics.
Registration of Police Officers involved.
Key Issues of Concern discussed.
Resolutions/recommendations drawn.
4.4 Data Collection
Document 1
Police Officer’s Schedule of community meetings for ………………………….Police post
………………………………. Village ………………………………………. District
Date
Village
Start &
End
Time
Action officer
& Contact
21
Meeting
Venue
Name of
Mobilizer &
Contact
Name and
contact of
LC1
Document 1 part 2
4.5 DOCUMENTING PATROLS
Police Officer’s Schedule of patrols for …………………………………….. Police post
………………………….. Village …………………………………………… District
Date Village
Time
Action officer&
Contact
NWT person &
Contact
Document 3
22
Name & contact of
LC1
Neighborhood Watch Team weekly report
Report Number …………………………….Date (dd/mm/yyyy) ……………………….
LC1C/P………………………………………
Parish……………........................................
Police post……………………………………
District:……………………………....
Name of Reporter………………………………………………………………………….
Contact information
Phone number ……………………………….
Alternative contact ……………………...
Incidence One
Nature of incidence…………………………………………………………………………
Number of people/neighborhoods affected………………………………………………...
How many times did the incidence occur in the last one week?
…...……………………………………………………………………….…………………...
Steps taken (1)
Has the incidence been reported to authorities other than the police?
...................................................................................................................................................
Was the incidence reported to police (Yes/No)?
....................................................................................................................................................
Did police respond (Yes/No)?
....................................................................................................................................................
How long did it take police to respond?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
What action did police take?
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Out of 10 points, how do you rate the satisfaction of the victim?
……………
Incidence Two
Nature of incidence
………………..…………………………………………………………………………………
Number of people/neighborhoods affected
……………………………………….………………………………………………………...
How many times did the incidence occur in the last one week?
…...……………………………..................................................................................................
Steps taken (2)
Has the incidence been reported to authorities other than the police?
....................................................................................................................................................
Was the incidence reported to police (Yes/No)?
....................................................................................................................................................
Did police respond (Yes/No)?
......................................................................................................................................................
What time did police take to respond?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….....
How did they respond?
..…………………………………………………………………………
Out of 10 points, how do you rate the satisfaction of the victim?
……………
General comments/Recommendations
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
23
4.5 Reporting
Document 6
Patrol Activity Report
1a
Type of Patrol (Motorised/foot/Boat)Tick where applicable
1b
Location of Activity …………………………………………………………………
1c
Place&
Time1)………………...........2......................................3……………..…………4……….…
………………..….5………………….
1d
Rank &Names
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
1e
Number of community members involved
………………………………………………..................................................................
General
comment………………………………………………………………………………………
……………
Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
24
Document 4
Police Officer’s Community Meeting Report
1a
Nature of Activity (General community, leaders’ meeting, watch teams’ meetings among
others. ………………………………..…………………………
1b
Village………………………Post……………………………District…….……………
1c
Date and time
1d
Number of people/NWTs/LCs involved …………………..…...........................................
Topics Covered:
Topic ………………………………..……………. Trainer: ……….……………………….
Topic: …………………………………………….. Trainer …………….……………………
Topic: ……………………………………………... Trainer …………………………………
Topic: ……………………………………………… Trainer ………………………………….
Issues Raised
1. ………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. ………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. ………………………………………………………………………………………….
Please list extra questions arising from this meeting at the back of this sheet
General comments/Recommendations
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
25
Document 5
Police Officer’s Door to Door Visit Report
1a
Village……………………………Post…………………………District…….…………
1b
Date
Time
1c
Names and Rank of officer’s
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2.
Names of household heads visited and person interacted with
1. ………………………………………………................................
2. ........................................................................................................
3. …………………………………………………………………….
4. ……………………………………………………………………..
5. ………………………………………………................................
6. ........................................................................................................
7. ……………………………………………………………………..
8. ……………………………………………………………………..
9. ………………………………………………………………………
10. ………………………………………………................................
11. ........................................................................................................
12. ……………………………………………………………………..
13. ……………………………………………………………………..
14. ………………………………………………................................
15. ........................................................................................................
1. General comments
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Recommendations
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
The trainer/presenter allows a Q&A session for clarity
26
Session 5: Evaluation and Closure of Training
Duration: 1 hour
Objectives of the session
At the end, The presenter/Trainer will be able;
a) Ascertain whether the intended objectives have been achieved
Activities
 Evaluation forms be distributed to participants, filled and Submitted back.
 Oral Questions be asked and responded to by the trainer or fellow participants where
possible.
 Official closing remarks and administrative announcements
CONTACTS
Youth Integrated Development Organization
Plot 3 Cooper House-Old Kira Road
-Market zone, Kamwokya
P O Box 26246
Kampala -Uganda
Tel: 0414 660573
Email: info@yidouganda.org
Website: www.yidouganda.org
The End
27