Title in English 1 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Title in English Modular Multilevel Converter – Technology & Principles Dietmar Retzmann 2 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re © Siemens AG 2009 Energy Sector Power Transmission Division If Power Flow exceeds the Design Criteria: Blackout * Problems only in the synchronously interconnected Systems System Enhancement necessary ! Source: ITC 8/2003 – “Blackout” Source: National Transmission Grid Study; U.S. DOE 5/2002 – “Preview” E T PS SL/Re 3 3 10-2009 = Power Transfer Distribution Factor 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re * PTDF The US Blackout 2003: Congestion, Overloads and Loop PowerFlows Transmission Division PTD Power-Flow Control – with FACTS and HVDC ∼ HVDC … makes P flow PAC + ∼ PDC Voltage Source Injection: VSC1 or PST2 G~ G~ V1, δ 1 FACTS PAC V2 , δ 2 X = V1 V2 X sin (δ 1 - δ 2) Transmission Angle Voltage-Sourced Converter Parallel Compensation Phase-Shifting Transformer Series Compensation … Support of Power Flow 1 2 E T PS SL/Re 4 4 10-2009 Each of these Parameters can be used for Load- Power Transmission 10-2009 Division T PS SL/Re Division Flow Control andE Power Oscillation Damping Power Transmission Control Features of FACTS and HVDC G~ ~ FACTS “Classic” a) P ~ Loads G~ Loads FACTS VSC ∼ G~ b) G~ ∼ Loads ∼ +/- P “Classic” = or VSC = G~ ∼ Loads a) FACTS: Voltage / Load-Flow Control (one Direction only) & POD b) HVDC Back-to-Back or Long-Distance Transmission: Voltage / Bidirectional Power-Flow Control, f-Control & POD 5 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Advanced Power Transmission Systems HVDC – High-Voltage DC Transmission: It makes P flow z HVDC “Classic” with 500 kV – up to 4,000 MW* z HVDC “Bulk” with 800 kV – for 5,000 MW* up to 7,200 MW** z HVDC PLUS (Voltage-Sourced Converter – VSC) 800 kV for minimal Line Transmission Losses z HVDC can be combined with FACTS z V-Control included HVDC-LDT – Long-Distance Transmission B2B – The Short Link Back-to-Back Station AC AC Submarine Cable Transmission AC AC DC Cable Long-Distance OHL Transmission AC AC DC Line * LTT = Light-Triggered Thyristor – up to 4 kA ** ETT = Electrically-Triggered Thyristor – up to 4.5 kA 6 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Advanced Power Transmission Systems FACTS – Flexible AC Transmission Systems: Support of Power Flow z z z z z z z SVC – Static Var Compensator* (The Standard of Shunt Compensation) SVC PLUS (= STATCOM – Static Synchr. Compensator, with VSC) FSC – Fixed Series Compensation and SCCL ** TCSC – Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation* for ShortTPSC – Thyristor Protected Series Compensation** Circuit Current GPFC – Grid Power Flow Controller* (FACTS-B2B) Limitation UPFC – Unified Power Flow Controller (with VSC) AC AC GPFC/UPFC / UPFC FSC SVC / STATCOM AC AC / TPSC TCSC/TPSC * with LT Thyristors 7 10-2009 LTT = Light-Triggered Thyristor E T PS SL/Re AC AC ** with special High Power LT Thyristors Power Transmission Division Trends in Converter Technologies LCC, CSC & VSC 8 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division High-Power Semiconductors Pellet of LT Thyristor Pellet of GTO / IGCT IGBT: Chips / Module LTT = Light-triggered Thyristor GTO = Gate Turn-Off Thyristor IGCT = Insulated Gate Commutated Thyristor IGBT = Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor 9 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Structure of an IGBT Module (3.3kV – 1,200A) Source: Infineon 10 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Converter Technologies – LCC Classification of Converters: A. Line-Commutated Converters “Turn-On” Capability only, System Frequency is the “Driver” Thyristors Current Sourced, e.g. HVDC; use of Reactor for keeping the DC Current constant (L is the “Smoothing” Element) Voltage Sourced – e.g. for Drive Systems, Custom Power and Traction Supplies; use of Capacitor for keeping the DC Voltage constant (C is the “Smoothing” Element) Switching Frequency is defined by the System Frequency Features: robust Technology, low Losses, high Ratings (up to > 7 GW for new HVDC Schemes in Asia) “Synergies” with FACTS, SVC: in some way, TCR is “Current Sourced”, TSC is “Voltage Sourced” (but no DC Energy Storage) E T PS SL/Re 11 11 10-2009 Source: Cigré Task Force B4.43.02 – Future Ratings and Topologies of Power Electronic Systems 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Classification of Converters contd.: B. Self-Commutated Converters (GTO, IGBT, IGCT etc.) Voltage-Sourced Converters ¾ The “popular” Solution: 2 or 3-Level Configuration ¾ Multilevel Converters z Diode clamped z “Flying” Capacitors z Submodules ¾ Series Connected H-Bridge Cells, Chain Links ¾ Resonant Converters Current-Sourced Converters Matrix Converters Combinations of Technologies E T PS SL/Re 12 12 10-2009 Source: Cigré Task Force B4.43.02 – Future Ratings and Topologies of Power Electronic Systems 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re High Switching Frequencies up to several kHz possible, however, with an Increase in Losses Power Transmission Division Semiconductor Losses increase with high Switching Frequencies v(t) VD v (t), i (t) RD PL = v (t) x i (t) PL = very high kV I≈ 0 E T PS SL/Re 13 13 10-2009 i(t) Semiconductor Equivalent The “Switch” has to absorb a significant Amount of the total Losses PL = small kA PL ≈ 0 V = VD + RD x I t Schematic Drawing for Turn-On 10-2009 T PS SL/Re 10-2009 E TEPS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Use of Power Electronics for HVDC & FACTS Transient Performance and Losses More Dynamics for better Power Quality: z Use of Power Electronic Circuits for Controlling P, V & Q z Parallel and/or Series Connection of Converters z Fast AC/DC and DC/AC Conversion Transition from “slow” to “fast” Thyristor GTO / IGCT 1-2 % Switching Frequency Depending on Solution 2-6 % IGBT > 1000 Hz < 500 Hz 50/60 Hz Losses On-Off Transition 20 - 80 ms E T PS SL/Re 14 14 10-2009 The10-2009 Solution for Bulk Power Transmission E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division The Evolution of VSC and PLUS Technology Topologies: Two-Level GTO / IGCT Three-Level IGBT in PP Multilevel IGBT Module Power Electronic Devices: 15 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Power Quality for AC & DC Systems HVDC with VSC – HVDC PLUS 16 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division HVDC “Classic” versus HVDC PLUS PDC AC Grid 1 ~ G~ = Use of MI Cables only PDC + - + - + - DC Voltage only AC Grid 2 ~ G~ = Current Enables the Use of XLPE Cables Power Reversal by C C G G E A 17 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division HVDC PLUS – Typical P/Q Diagram 1.00 Example of a P/Q Design Specification 0.75 0.50 Voltage Limit (capacitive) 0.25 Q [p.u.] “Over-excited” 0.00 -0.25 “Under-excited” (inductive) -0.50 -0.75 Current Limit Rectifier Inverter -1.00 -1.25 -1.00 -0.75 -0.50 -0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 P [p.u.] E T PS SL/Re 18 18 10-2009 The Reactive Power can be controlled at any Value Power Transmission Division Division 10-2009 E T PSblue SL/Re Curve Power Transmission between the red and HVDC “Classic” – Generic P/Q Diagram 0.15 0.10 “Over-excited” Q [p.u.] 0.05 (capacitive) 0.00 “Under-excited” -0.05 (inductive) -0.10 -0.15 -1.25 -1.00 -0.75 -0.50 -0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 P [p.u] Rectifier Inverter The Reactive Power is defined by both red and blue Curves. It is a Function of Active Power and AC-Voltage Typically, Reactive Power Consumption of HVDC Classic is Q = 0.5 Pd 19 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division General Features of VSC* Technology Grid Access for weak AC Networks Independent Control of Active and Reactive Power Supply of passive Networks and Black-Start Capability Multiterminal easier with 4-Quadrant Capability High dynamic Performance Low Space Requirements VSC Technology makes it feasible HVDC PLUS offers additional Benefits * VSC: Voltage-Sourced Converter 20 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Benefits of HVDC PLUS ¾ Low Switching Frequency ¾ Reduction in Losses ¾ Less Stresses In Comparison with 2 and 3-Level Converter Technologies … with Advanced VSC Technology Siemens uses MMC Technology (Modular Multilevel Converter) E T PS SL/Re 21 21 10-2009 = = = = = = ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ = = = = = = Clean Energy to and from Platforms & Islands … 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division PTD HVDC PLUS with MMC – Basic Scheme Converter Arm Power Electronics PM 1 PM 1 PM 1 PM 2 PM 2 PM 2 PM n PM n PM n Power Module (PM) Vd ud IGBT1 PM 1 PM 1 PM 1 D1 PM 2 PM 2 PM 2 D2 PM n PM n PM n IGBT2 Phase Unit 22 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division The Result: MMC – a perfect Voltage Generation AC and DC Voltages controlled by Converter Arm Voltages: +Vd /2 VConv. VAC 0 - Vd / 2 23 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division MMC – AC & DC Converter Currents ... … controlled by Voltage Sources 24 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Results of Computer Simulation: 400 MW with 200 Power Modules per Converter Arm PLOTS : Graphs 250 +Ud -Ud US1 US2 US3 VDC + 200 kV 200 150 100 AC Converter Voltages U [kV] 50 0 -50 -100 -150 VDC - 200 kV -200 -250 2.00 is1 is2 is3 1.50 1.00 Currents at the AC Terminals I [kA] 0.50 0.00 -0.50 -1.00 -1.50 -2.00 0.75 i1p i2p i3p i1n i2n i3n 0.50 0.25 I [kA] 0.00 -0.25 Six Converter Arm Currents -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 Obviously, no AC Filters required -1.25 -1.50 1.000 25 1.010 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re 1.020 Power Transmission Division MMC – Redundant Power Module Design PLUSCONTROL High-Speed Bypass Switch Single Module Failure Power Module Phase Unit 26 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Fully suitable for DC OHL Application: Line-to-Line Fault – a crucial Issue PLUSCONTROL Protective Thyristor Switch Power Module Phase Unit 27 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division HVDC PLUS – The Advanced MMC Technology Some more Views of a 400 MW Converter 28 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Control and Protection: System Hierarchy Win-TDC with PLUSCONTROL Local HMI SCADA Interface Remote HMI SIMATIC WinCC Operator Level RCI C&P Level PLUSCONTROL SIMATIC TDC CCS Current Control System z DC Control z P Control z Q Control I/O Level I/O Unit Measuring MMS n I/O Unit Switchgear & Auxiliaries 29 MMS 1 10-2009 Voltages & Currents E T PS SL/Re Converter – Power Module Electronics Power Transmission Division PLUSCONTROL – Main Tasks: Current Control & Module Management Control of Active and Reactive Power Individual Switching of Power Modules Calculation of required Converter Arm Voltages Power Module Monitoring Current & Voltage Balancing Control Power Module Charge Balancing SIMATIC TDC Measuring System 1 2 SIMATIC TDC C&P System 30 10-2009 n E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division HVDC PLUS – Modular Multilevel VSC “Off“ State “On“ State Upper IGBT: off Lower IGBT: on Upper IGBT: on Lower IGBT: off PM PM PM = Power Module – “Marquardt” Circuit Source: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology – Prof. Dr. St. Bernet 31 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Phase Unit States and Voltages – for n = 4 PM1 vC = VDC/nCell nCell = 4 vUM = VDC/2 vUM(t) PM2 VDC/2 PM3 VDC/4 t PM4 -VDC/4 PM5 -VDC/2 PM6 PM7 vUM PM8 VDC/2 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM5 PM6 PM7 PM8 off off off off on on on on Source: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology – Prof. Dr. St. Bernet 32 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Phase Unit States and Voltages – for n = 4 vUM = VDC/4 vUM(t) PM1 PM2 VDC/2 PM3 VDC/4 t PM4 -VDC/4 PM5 -VDC/2 PM6 PM7 vUM PM8 VDC/4 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM5 PM6 PM7 PM8 off off off on on on on off Source: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology – Prof. Dr. St. Bernet 33 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Phase Unit States and Voltages – for n = 4 vUM = 0V vUM(t) PM1 PM2 VDC/2 PM3 VDC/4 t PM4 -VDC/4 PM5 -VDC/2 PM6 PM7 PM8 vUM PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM5 PM6 PM7 PM8 0V off off on on on on off off Source: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology – Prof. Dr. St. Bernet 34 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Phase Unit States and Voltages – for n = 4 vUM = -VDC/4 vUM(t) PM1 PM2 VDC/2 PM3 VDC/4 t PM4 -VDC/4 PM5 -VDC/2 PM6 PM7 vUM PM8 -VDC/4 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM5 PM6 PM7 PM8 off on on on on off off off Source: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology – Prof. Dr. St. Bernet 35 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Phase Unit States and Voltages – for n = 4 vUM = -VDC/2 vUM(t) PM1 PM2 VDC/2 PM3 VDC/4 t PM4 -VDC/4 PM5 -VDC/2 PM6 PM7 vUM PM8 -VDC/2 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM5 PM6 PM7 PM8 on on on on off off off off Source: Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology – Prof. Dr. St. Bernet 36 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Features and Benefits of MMC Topology Low Switching Frequency of Semiconductors Low Converter Station Losses * Low Generation of Harmonics No Filters required High Modularity in Hardware and Software Use of well-proven Standard Components Sinus shaped AC Voltages and Currents High Flexibility, economical from low to high Power Ratings High Availability of State-ofthe-Art Components Use of standard AC Transformers Low Engineering Efforts, Power Range up to 1,000 MW High Reliability, low Maintenance Requirements Easy Scalability Reduced Number of Primary Components Low Rate of Voltage and Current Rise Robust System * close to 1 % – per Station 37 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Benefits of HVDC PLUS Space Saving HVDC PLUS Example 400 MW 38 10-200910-2009E T PS SL/Re HVDC “Classic” E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC ® PLUS The Advanced STATCOM Innovation Meets Experience 39 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division General Features of VSC* FACTS Grid Access for Wind Farms and Renewables Elimination of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker High dynamic Performance Low Space Requirements VSC Technology makes it feasible SVC PLUS offers additional Benefits * VSC: Voltage-Sourced Converter 40 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS – a wide Range of Configuration Possibilities Up to 4 parallel L-Units: +/- 200 MVAr Containerized Solutions: SVC PLUS S: +/- 25 MVAr HV SVC PLUS M: +/- 35 MVAr SVC PLUS L: +/- 50 MVAr 8 kV – 36 kV LV Open Rack Solution (Building): SVC PLUS C: +/-100 MVAr SVC PLUS Hybrid (Option): MSR (Mechanically Switched Reactors) MSC (Mechanically Switched Capacitors) 41 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re SVC PLUS +/-25 ... +/ -200 MVAr MSR MSC Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS – A View of the Technology Cooling System 42 10-2009 Converter E T PS SL/Re Control & Protection Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS – a highly flexible System Low Generation of Harmonics Low Level of HF-Noise Low Switching Losses No Snubbers required Siemens uses MMC Technology (Modular Multilevel Converter) 43 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS: HMI, local and remote Control Local: WinCC, PC Remote: SCADA Interface External Devices External Devices SVC PLUS 44 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS: Converter, Control and Protection 45 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS: Advanced Control System SIMATIC TDC Plant Coordination Reference Values Measurements 46 10-2009 PLUSCONTROL Current Control Converter Coordination E T PS SL/Re GIB on Power Module Capacitor Protection Piloting of IGBT Drivers DC Voltage Measurement Power Transmission Division Space Requirements – Example of +/- 50 MVAr: SVC PLUS L versus SVC “Classic” Space Saving 47 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS: Example of Factory Acceptance Tests – Nuremberg, Germany 48 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Single Line Diagram of SVC PLUS in Comparison with SVC “Classic“ SVC SVC“Classic” “Classic” STATCOM = Static Synchronous Compensator – with Multilevel Controlled Voltage Source Variable Impedance 49 10-2009 SVC PLUS SVC PLUS E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS – the Operation Principle VSC L1 AC Equivalent Loads Generator VSC = Electronic for Reactive Power 10-2009 i2 E T PS SL/Re vconv 12 L L3 i3 H H i23 H vconv 23 H i31 L Voltage Stabilization 50 H i12 L L2 Xfmrs, Lines i1 H vconv 31 Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS – Modular Multilevel Converter Power Module 1 Power Module 2 Power Module 3 Power Module 4 Power Module n v conv 12 SVC Voltage v 12 i conv 12 Conv Conv12 12 vconv 12 51 10-2009 vL12 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS: The Power Module IGBTs Bypass Switch DC Storage Capacitor GIB (Gate-Interface Board) 52 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division From Power Module to Converter – the Multilevel Voltage Generation v v Power Module with DC Capacitor 53 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division States and Current Paths of a Power Module in the MMC Topology – an Advanced Solution “Off“ State ON ON C OFF Capacitor charging/discharging OFF + VDC C OFF 54 uDC OFF “On“ State ON Capacitor bypassed VDC ON 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Configuration of 5-Level H-Bridge VSC 1 Vph = Vdc 2 vph S1 S2 S’1 S’2 Vdc/2 Vdc/4 Vdc /4 -Vdc/4 -Vdc/2 Vph S3 S4 S’ S’ Vdc /4 3 4 Vph S1 S 1’ S2 S 2’ S3 S3’ S4 S 4’ Vdc/2 off on on off on off off on Source: S. Bernet, T. Meynard, R. Jakob, T. Brückner, B. McGrath, “Tutorial Multi-Level Converters”, in Proc. IEEE-PESC Tutorials, 2004, Aachen, Germany 55 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Configuration of 5-Level H-Bridge VSC 1 Vph = Vdc 4 vph S1 S2 S’1 S’2 Vdc/2 Vdc/4 Vdc /4 -Vdc/4 -Vdc/2 Vph S3 S4 S’ S’ Vdc /4 3 4 Vph S1 S 1’ S2 S 2’ S3 S3’ S4 S 4’ Vdc/4 off on on off on off on off Source: S. Bernet, T. Meynard, R. Jakob, T. Brückner, B. McGrath, “Tutorial Multi-Level Converters”, in Proc. IEEE-PESC Tutorials, 2004, Aachen, Germany 56 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Configuration of 5-Level H-Bridge VSC Vph = 0VVdcdc vph S1 S2 S’1 S’2 Vdc/2 Vdc/4 Vdc /4 -Vdc/4 -Vdc/2 Vph S3 S4 S’ S’ Vdc /4 3 4 Vph S1 S 1’ S2 S 2’ S3 S3’ S4 S 4’ 0 on off on off on off on off Source: S. Bernet, T. Meynard, R. Jakob, T. Brückner, B. McGrath, “Tutorial Multi-Level Converters”, in Proc. IEEE-PESC Tutorials, 2004, Aachen, Germany 57 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Configuration of 5-Level H-Bridge VSC 1 Vph = − Vdc 4 vph S1 S2 S’1 S’2 Vdc/2 Vdc/4 Vdc /4 -Vdc/4 -Vdc/2 Vph S3 S4 S’ S’ Vdc /4 3 4 Vph S1 S 1’ S2 S 2’ S3 S3’ S4 S 4’ -Vdc/4 on off off on on off on off Source: S. Bernet, T. Meynard, R. Jakob, T. Brückner, B. McGrath, “Tutorial Multi-Level Converters”, in Proc. IEEE-PESC Tutorials, 2004, Aachen, Germany 58 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Configuration of 5-Level H-Bridge VSC 1 Vph = − Vdc 42 vph S1 S2 S’1 S’2 Vdc/2 Vdc/4 Vdc /4 -Vdc/4 -Vdc/2 Vph S3 S4 S’ S’ Vdc /4 3 4 Vph S1 S 1’ S2 S 2’ S3 S3’ S4 S 4’ -Vdc/2 on off off on off on on off Source: S. Bernet, T. Meynard, R. Jakob, T. Brückner, B. McGrath, “Tutorial Multi-Level Converters”, in Proc. IEEE-PESC Tutorials, 2004, Aachen, Germany 59 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Configuration of 5-Level H-Bridge VSC 1 Vph = − Vdc 4 vph S1 S2 S’1 S’2 Vdc/2 Vdc/4 Vdc /4 -Vdc/4 -Vdc/2 Vph S3 S4 S’ S’ Vdc /4 3 4 Vph S1 S 1’ S2 S 2’ S3 S3’ S4 S 4’ -Vdc/4 on off off on on off on off Source: S. Bernet, T. Meynard, R. Jakob, T. Brückner, B. McGrath, “Tutorial Multi-Level Converters”, in Proc. IEEE-PESC Tutorials, 2004, Aachen, Germany 60 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Harmonics of SVC PLUS in Comparison with SVC “Classic” 61 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS: V/I Diagram – Current Source STATCOM: Current-Source Characteristics Jump next Page (SVC “Classic”) Capacitive Current 62 10-2009 Inductive Current E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC “Classic”: Examples of V/I Diagrams VSVC Voltage Control Mode w/o slope Slope •• w/o with slope Slope •• with VSVC 1.8 Reactive Power Control Mode 1.1 1.0 SVC: Impedance SVC: Characteristics Impedance Characteristics 0.25 0.25 ISVC (QSVC) 63 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re ISVC Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS versus SVC “Classic” – Loss Characteristics SVC PLUS SVC Classic P in % 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 -1 capacitive 64 10-2009 -0,5 0 0,5 Q in pu 1 inductive E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division SVC PLUS – Control Features SVC PLUS – Standard Control Functions Voltage Control Reactive Power Control Control of up to 4 External Devices SVC PLUS – The Control Options Power Oscillation Damping Voltage Unbalance Control Cos φ Control Flicker Control SVC PLUS – Internal Controls Adaptive Gain Control DC Control Transformer Overload Control Over & Undervoltage Strategies 65 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division The Advanced SVC PLUS Solution 2009 - 2011 8 Systems in 4 Transmission Projects: Source: UCTE 10-27-2003 Rating: upInterim to +/-Report 200 MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support 66 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Intelligent Solutions for Power Transmission with HVDC & FACTS from Now available – with VSC PLUS Technology Siemens HVDC PLUS and SVC PLUS … and the Lights will keep shining ! 67 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division Intelligent Solutions for Power Transmission Sustainability & Security of Supply Thank You for your Attention ! 68 10-2009 E T PS SL/Re Power Transmission Division
