Republic of the Philippines UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL SYSTEM Antipolo City A.Y. 2019 – 2020 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Assignment/Individual Research No. 04 The Construction Industry In partial fulfilment of the requirements in CE 16: Timber Design Presented by: Chris Ohlliver Quimque Cuizon Student No.: 1011500099 Submitted to: George Prejula Palada, RCE Instructor 14 October 2019 1. Who are the “actors” of the construction industry and explain each role. (Example: client, QS, etc.) Each role should have at least three sentences. The participants to construction project are the client, the multi-disciplinary construction consultants who act as the client’s professional advisers including architect, quantity surveyor, structural engineer, and service engineers, and the building contractor who constructs the building including main contractors and subcontractors. The roles of each participant are specified as show below: Owner/Client – The client is the person who initiates the project. He/she will set the tone of the project and make decisions crucial to its development. He/she has no role in a construction site other than to write the checks to pay for the completed, approved work. Architect – Architect ascertains, interpret and formulate the client’s requirement into an understandable project brief. He/she is responsible in designing a building to meet the client’s requirement and constraints imposed by such factors as statutory obligations, technical feasibility, environmental standards, site conditions and cost. He she advises on the conduct of the project generally and resolving all contractual disputes between client and the building contractor. Main Contractor –The main duty of a main contractor is to plan, manage, monitor and coordinate the work of the phase in the construction project. He/she supplies all the information required by the client’s professional advisers for the proper administration of the works. He/ she must prioritize safety of any individuals inside the construction site. Subcontractor – A subcontractor is also a contractor. He/she forms agreements with the contractor, not directly with the client. Subcontractor often specializes in one specific area of construction as a part of overall project. Quantity Surveyor - A quantity surveyor is responsible for the study of the economies and financial implications of a construction project. He/she would be the appropriate construction professional to advise client/architect on matters relating to the economies and cost of a proposed construction project. He/she may evaluate or settle contractor’s claim for direct loss and/or expenses. Structural Engineer - The structural engineer acts as an advisor to the architect on all structural problems such as stability of the structure, suitability of materials proposed, structural feasibility of the proposed design and sizes of structural members for a construction project. Normally, he/she submits his/her various structural calculations to the area local authority for approval at the same time as the architect submits his/her drawings for building regulations approval. The structural engineer performs structural design and supervises his or her specialist area of the construction project during production on site. Service Engineers - Like the structural engineer, the services engineers (plumbing, electrical, heating and ventilating, air conditioning, sanitation, lifts and escalators etc.) contribute to the building design process to ensure that thermal and visual comfort are achieved effectively. They analyze the client’s requirement and priorities and advise the architect on the most appropriate design solution. They prepare diagrams of their proposals or services layout of the proposed construction project on the separate drawings and the architect includes these in the tender drawings sent out to contractors for competitive bidding. 2. You are a CEO of a construction company specializing in timber construction. Create an organizational chart of your construction company. Identify each role of the persons you delegated on your organizational chart. Chris Ohlliver Cuizon – CEO Human Resource Director Human Resource Management Engineering Director Purchasing Manager Engineering Dept. Purchasing Dept. Financial Manager Project Manager Financial Dept. Project Dept. This figure represents the organizational chart of my construction company. As a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the company, I created this chart which includes the following basic function units: Human Resource Department, Engineering Department, Purchasing Management, Financial Department and Project Department. Human Resource Department Human Resource Director Associate Director for Strategic Services Associate Director for Client Services Associate Director for Health and Safety Human Resource Director – Under Human Resource Department, Human Resource Director has to be able to identify and document project roles and responsibilities, and develop a plan describing the end-to-end processes that will be required on a project (or series of projects) in order to determine its human resource requirements. - The Associate Director for Strategic Services is responsible for Workforce planning, Training and development, Legal issues, Compensation, Evaluating performance, Training and development, Role specification, and Performance management. - The Associate Director for Client Services is responsible for Resolving disputes, and managing employee relations. - The Associate Director for Health and Safety is responsible for safety and health of all personnel in the company. Engineering Department Engineering Director QA/QC Engineer Structural Engineer Site Engineer Cost Estimator Planning Engineer Engineering Director – Under the Engineering Department, Engineering Director is responsible for the planning of the construction project. This includes conducting surveys, engaging in research, analyzing results, planning the construction and supporting all technical issues during the project. - The QA/QC (Quality Assurance/Quality Control) Engineer is responsible for the quality and workmanship of every activity in the construction project. - The Structural Engineer performs structural design and supervises his or her specialist area of the construction project during production on site. - The Site Engineer offers advice in the planning, co-ordination and supervision of technical aspects in every construction projects. - The Planning Engineer is responsible for estimation of timescale for a project and to ensure that the outlined deadlines are met. - The Cost Estimator collects and analyzes data in order to estimate the time, money, materials, and labor required to construct a building. Purchasing Management Purchasing Manager Storekeepers Purchasing Manager – Under Purchasing Department, The main role of a Purchasing Manager is purchasing supplies and materials used in the projects and company daily needs. They need to compare among different suppliers and finding the items with correct prices and qualities. - The Storekeepers manage, supervise, and perform a variety of tasks in ordering, receiving, storing, accounting for, distributing, shipping, and issuing equipment, apparatus, materials, and supplies Financial Department Financial Manager Accountants Bookkeepers Financial Manager – Under Financial Department, the Financial Manager is responsible for management of the company’s cash flow and ensuring there are sufficient funds available to meet the day to day payments. - The Accountants oversee the bookkeepers and are responsible for setting up and monitoring the accounting system and interpreting the data from the bookkeeper's activities. - The Bookkeepers create financial transactions and generates reports from that information. The creation of financial transactions includes posting information to accounting journals or accounting software from such source documents as invoices to clients, cash receipts, and supplier invoices. - Project Department Project Manager Chief Engineer Quantity Surveyor Supervisor Safety Officer Document Controller Project Manager – Under Project Department, the Project Manager is responsible for scheduling and managing for each project. The project manager needs to decide the budget, assign employees and their duties to complete the job, oversee the safety of workers. They need to make sure the construction work can be well completed according to the contract. - The Chief Engineer is responsible for the technical supervision of the development, production or operation of a construction project. - The job of a Document Controller includes keeping track of important project documents like project plans, blueprints, vendor contracts and drawings; creating reports for construction managers; keeping documentation safe and backed up; and performing data entry tasks when project documents need updates. - A Quantity Surveyor is responsible for the study of the economies and financial implications of a construction project. - The Supervisor complete technical and administrative tasks. He/she is responsible for material, member health and tasks need to finish on time. - The Safety Officer is in charge of inspecting site conditions to determine if hazards are present and to establish procedures and policies to overcome those hazardous situations. 3. Discuss in an essay format the project constraint triangle and how do these constraints relate to one another. Use a minimum of 500 words. Every real world of any business value, like construction industry, will have some limitations built in automatically with it. These limitations or constraints are what good project manager will always keep in their mind for all their decision-making throughout the course of the project. This concept is what we called the Project Constraint Triangle. Project Constraint Triangle, or also called Triple Constraint, consists of three important constraints or factors: Time, Cost and Scope, which represent as the vertices of a rigid triangle. These constraints impact the Quality of the project, which represents the area of that triangle. Time is the same as planned schedule for the project, or the time available to deliver the materials. Cost is the budget allocated for the project, or the expenses the client or owner is willing to pay. Scope is “what is to be accomplished”, that is, the goals, tasks, and developments in the project. In other words, the things must bring to achieve the desired result. Why is this concept critical for us to understand in managing a project? – It is because all those three constraints are inter-related. The project constraint triangle is about balancing each constraint to reach successful conclusion. As the project progresses, the project manager may find that any changes may impact one or more constraints. The first constraint is the Time. In some projects, time is an important factor; the project must be completed in a certain time, no matter what. Time is one of the very few things that we can’t change. It is like a finite thing; you can go neither back in time nor to the future, so you have to be very critical on this constraint. What if the time dominates in the project? – That is, if you want to finish the project faster, it is either going to cost more money or the scope will reduce; the quality will be affected. The second one is the Cost, the cost of the project. All projects have a finite budget; the client is willing to pay expenses for delivery of new products or services. If you want to reduce the budget allocated for the project, it is either you are going to spend more time, or the scope will reduce like the core elements of the project will be basic. It is pretty obvious that if there is no money, the project will not be operated. The last one is the Scope. Many projects fail on this constraint because the scope of the project is neither fully defined nor understood from the start (Duncan Haughey, “Understanding the Project Management Triple Constraint” – 2011), so the scope must be solid. The things you are supposed to accomplish are being changing, so, sometimes, you will sacrifice what is done at the end because you didn’t have enough time or money. The Project Constraint Triangle represents the key elements of any projects. If you ever a project manager, you need to educate your client/s about Project Triangle Constraint. In order to have high-quality projects, make sure you have adequate time, adequate budget for the project and you make sure your scope must be concrete – no more, no less.