SYNTHESIS
Explaining the Conversation
What is Synthesis?
What is the difference between a synthesis and a summary?
Why do we need to synthesize our sources?
Creative Commons Illustration from Pixabay
Examples
AGREEMENT
“Kumar and Pal [8] also suggested evaluating students’ performances via decision tree,
which is an approach for data classification; however, the shallow datasets could lead to
the failure of analyzing the relationship among attributes; thus, to improve the accuracy
of results, some researchers suggested applying Big Data techniques such as
MapReduce by analyzing large and quality datasets and selecting relative attributes
from them [3, 10, 15].”
Text from student model proposal
Examples
EXTENSION & INTEGRATION
“Furthermore, the previous literature showed that perceived security of information
[30–32] and perceived trust [33–35] were the biggest hurdles for users adopting
innovative information systems. Security of information is the main reason for the slow
pace of BDA adoption [36, 37].”
M. Shabaz, C. Gao, L. Zhai, S. Fakhar, Y. Hu, “Investigating the adoption of big data analytics in
healthcare: the moderating role of resistance to change,” J. Big Data, vol. 6, no. 1.
Examples
CONTRAST
“Few studies have described the importance of BDA in healthcare [4, 12, 13], although
studies have investigated the technological aspects and required qualifications for big
data in healthcare [14–18].”
Examples
LISTS
“Other systems, such as an interactive glyph-based visualization for sports analysis
data [19, 35] and soccer data analysis using visualized spatio-temporal performance
[10, 14, 16, 29, 34], have also been developed.”
M. Ryoo, N Kim, K. Park, “Visual analysis of soccer players and a team,” Multimedia Tools Appl,
vol. 77, no. 12, pp. 15603–15623.
Synthesizing Sources
■ Identify useful chunks of information. (Key concepts, driving questions)
■ Create a topic sentence that synthesizes and describes the information to be presented.
– “The predictions of students’ performances can help students identify their own
problems with studying and improve their academic performances earlier.”
■ Support the topic sentence with forwarding.
– “Some research [3, 8] have already provided predictive models of students’
performances by applying the Education Data Mining technique. Kumar and Pal [8]
also suggested evaluating students’ performances via decision tree, which is an
approach for data classification; however, the shallow datasets could lead to the
failure of analyzing the relationship among attributes; thus, to improve the accuracy
of results, some researchers suggested applying Big Data techniques such as
MapReduce by analyzing large and quality datasets and selecting relative attributes
from them [3, 10, 15].”
Adapted from Henning (2008)
Samples from student model proposal