DO WE THINK DIFFERENTLY WHEN THINKING SCIENTIFICALLY THAN WHEN THINKING ETHICALLY? While coming across this question and doing my extensive browsing and research. I came to realize that we cannot base the answer on one factor and that there are different opinions and reasoning depending on the situation and thus I concluded that some things are multi factorial I.e. it does not depend on a single factor. On the contrary it depends or involves different number of factors. Now let’s dive deep into the topics and see what lies ahead of us: Although this discussion is a bit difficult to grasp but let’s talk about the dissimilarities in ethics and science first. The one and only difference between ethics and other sciences is that ethics is not a science, science is by nature universal in being what is right for one is right for all who follow it and what is wrong for one is wrong for all. In ethics what might be considered right for one might be wrong for the other, simplest example is meat eating. The term value and its relationship with ethics in action or activity in the world should be considered to understand this aspect. Value addition to an action or activity goes hand in hand with human intellect, if the value added to an existing act comes out right, then it becomes a science , and if not then it is not yet a science , the part in action exists, but as it is not adding up, it is to be worked at, looked into, as why it is not adding up to the action or activity in being. Science works on this formula, but ethics which are taken up by human being as an add on value to life ,somehow do not add up, in this world present since time immemorial ,they are though meant to add value to human life, yet they fail to do so, were it not for laws of the land, human life would have suffered severely. But surprisingly the term ethics can be sensed in one’s being, there value in life exists ,but the way one is asked to live them in life does not hold waters in life, the reason for this is that it is an aesthetic aspect of nature, it permeates being, ,its add on value is to be felt in the actions and activities in being, one has to live them or it in life, for only then it can be conceived, the only possibility of it is there ,and it is conveyed only by religion On the other hand, we have some similarities too like some people say science and the ethics of science are two sides of the same coin, dealing with the same empirical data and actions of the same scientists. As well as thinking of their actions in terms of future experimental design, scientists must explain the significance of their actions in the wider scientific and human contexts. Scientists must take the lead in ensuring that the progress of science is both ethical and as free from political intervention as possible, if for no other reason than that only they can do so. CAN YOU FIND SCIENTIFIC ANWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ‘’WHAT IS REASONABLE’’ AND ‘’WHAT IS FAIR’’? Science is an activity of the human intellect and as such has ethical implications that should be reviewed and considered. Although science and ethics have conventionally been considered different, it is herewith proposed that they are essentially similar. The proposal set henceforth is to create a new ethics rooted in science: scientific ethics. Science has firm axiological foundations and searches for truth (as a value, axiology) and knowledge (epistemology). Hence, science cannot be value neutral. Looking at standard scientific principles, it is possible to construct a scientific ethic (that is, an ethical framework based on scientific methods and rules), which can be applied to all sciences. These intellectual standards include the search for truth (honesty and its derivatives), human dignity (and by reflection the dignity of all animals) and respect for life. Through these it is thence achievable to draft a foundation of a ethics based purely on science and applicable beyond the confines of science. A few applications of these will be presented. Scientific ethics can have vast applications in other fields even in non-scientific ones. WHAT IS PROFESSION? The word “profession” means different things to different people. But at its core, it’s meant to be an indicator of trust and expertise. Traditionally, a “professional” was someone who derived their income from their expertise or specific talents, as opposed to a hobbyist or amateur. This still carries through to fields today, such as sport. But given today’s fast-changing environment of knowledge and expertise, it’s now generally understood that simply deriving an income from a task might make you an “expert” or “good at your job” – but if you’re a “professional”, this has a broader meaning. There’s a long history of attempts to clarify this meaning, and to define the functions of professions. These attempts typically centralise around some sort of moral or ethical foundation within the practice of a specific and usually established expertise. A profession is a disciplined group of individuals who adhere to ethical standards. This group positions itself as possessing special knowledge and skills in a widely recognised body of learning derived from research, education and training at a high level, and is recognised by the public as such. A profession is also prepared to apply this knowledge and exercise these skills in the interest of others1. WHAT IS ETHICS? Ethics, as a field of study, is sort of like a tree with 10,000 branches—branches that all disagree with each other. With such variances, the, how do we begin to understand ethics? One way to really think about ethics is through its historical meaning, which has to do with a person’s ethos. This is the idea that ethics relates to character, and it is sort of a high standard approach to what it means to act in a particularly cogent and courageous way, as well as to demonstrate personal integrity. And then there is a more important conceptual distinction a person could make, particularly between ethics and morals. This is needed because when defining ethics, many will use the word “morals” interchangeably, which confuses the issue. There is, however, some disagreement among scholars as to the difference between morals and ethics. One school of thought asserts that morality is inherently founded on spiritual principles–one’s responsibility to a supernatural being or goal. Ethics, on the other hand, relies on materialist and social consequences, not spiritual ones, in order to determine what is ethical or not. Other schools of thought argue that this line between morals and ethics is arbitrary. Instead, they believe ethics is simply a formal branch of philosophy that concerns itself with the study of morals and their justification; this group would assert that ethics is the philosophy of morals. WHAT IS PROFESSIONAL ETHICS? Within the broad field of applied ethics, professional ethics assesses the moral dimension of human activity in the classic occupations of law, medicine, ministry and by extension higher education, engineering, journalism, management and other occupations that aspire to professional status. Professional ethics is concerned with the standards and moral conduct that govern the profession and its members. More specifically, professional ethics examines issues, problems, and the social responsibility of the profession itself and individual practitioners in the light of philosophical and, in some contexts, religious principles among which are duty and obligation.
