Year 12 ATAR Psych
SOCIALISATION
• The development of the values, beliefs and
behaviours thought important/appropriate to
function effectively as a member of society.
• AGENTS OF SOCIALISATION - factors that
affect our socialisation= e.g. families, schools,
media etc.…
ATTACHMENT
In Psychology:
formation of strong emotional
bond between primary caregiver
and their baby.
enduring across time & space.
ATTACHMENT
• a complex, ongoing process
• a two-way experience
• requires closeness and responsiveness
ATTACHMENT
• Believe a sensitive period when bonding
can occur.
• Failure to form bond leads to poor
socialisation and emotional development
later on in life.
ATTACHMENT
Occurs in
every culture
HARRY HARLOW
Attachment in monkeys (1959)
THEORIST 1:
Aim – to find out if the formation of infant-mother
attachment is dependent on mother providing food or
providing contact.
Experiment – rhesus monkey babies were separated from
their natural mothers and reared by wire mesh surrogates - one
covered in terry cloth, the other uncovered.
Findings - The monkeys cling to terry cloth mothers even
though the wire mesh mothers had the bottle.
'CONTACT COMFORT' is more important for closeness and
deep affection.
HARRY HARLOW
Attachment in monkeys (1959)
THEORIST 1:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrNBEhzjg8I&feature=emb_logo
JOHN BOWLBY
Maternal deprivation hypothesis
THEORIST 2:
“Prolonged deprivation of a young child of
maternal care may have grave and farreaching effects on his character…similar
in form…to deprivation of vitamins in
infancy.”
JOHN BOWLBY
44 Thieves study (1944)
THEORIST 2:
•
Aim: To find out if their was a link
between maternal deprivation and
affectionless psychopathy.
JOHN BOWLBY
44 Thieves study (1944)
THEORIST 2:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwxjfuPlArY
MARY AINSWORTH
Strange situation (1970)
THEORIST 3
Developed an experimental
procedure in order to observe the variety
of attachment forms exhibited between
mothers and infants.
The study came to be known as the
STRANGE SITUATION scenario.
The sample was infants aged between 12
and 18 months, and comprised about 100
middle class American families.
MARY AINSWORTH
Strange situation (1970)
The experiment was conducted by observing the behaviour of
the infant in a series of seven 3-minute episodes.
(1) Parent and infant alone.
(2) Stranger joins parent and infant.
(3) Parent leaves infant and stranger alone.
(4) Parent returns and stranger leaves.
(5) Parent leaves; infant left completely alone.
(6) Stranger returns.
(7) Parent returns and stranger leaves.
MARY AINSWORTH
Strange situation (1970)
study identified three types of attachment:
1. SECURE
2. AMBIVALENT
3. AVOIDANT
A fourth type DISORGANISED emerged after
further studies
MARY AINSWORTH
Strange situation (1970)
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-strange-situationtest-ainsworths-attachment-theory-for-infants.html