4/27/2020
Assignment # 1
AV-352
Q.1: Write on paragraph of 400 words on applications of control engineering for
aerial vehicles
Answer:
Control
engineering
or
control
systems
engineering is
an engineering discipline that applies automatic control theory to design systems
with desired behaviors in control environments. The discipline of controls overlaps
and is usually taught along with electrical engineering at many institutions around the
world. The practice uses sensors and detectors to measure the output performance
of the process being controlled. These measurements are used to provide
corrective feedback helping to achieve the desired performance. Systems designed
to
perform
without
requiring
human
input
are
called automatic
control systems.Modern day control engineering is a relatively new field of study that
gained significant attention during the 20th century with the advancement of
technology. It can be broadly defined or classified as practical application of control
theory. Control engineering plays an essential role in a wide range of control
systems, from simple household washing machines to high-performance F-16 fighter
aircraft. It seeks to understand physical systems, using mathematical modelling, in
terms of inputs, outputs and various components with different behaviors; to use
control system design tools to develop controllers for those systems; and to
implement controllers in physical systems employing available technology. A system
can be mechanical, electrical, fluid, chemical, financial or biological, and its
mathematical modelling, analysis and controller design uses control theory in one or
many of the time frequency and complex-s domains, depending on the nature of the
design problem. Autopilot systems for UAVs without human pilots maintain the flight
through an appropriate balance of aerodynamic forces autonomously. That is to say,
they are used to make flight missions more reliable and efficient. Autopilot system
design architecture conventionally contains two sections, inner and outer loops.
Inner loop is the stabilizer and the outer loop can provide one of the additional
motion controls (or all) such as speed, altitude, and heading hold. In this
paper, H∞ Loop-shaping method is used to provide the stabilizer mode and the PID
controller is used to control the altitude.Quadcopters have generated considerable
interest in both the control community due to their complex dynamics and a lot of
potentials in outdoor applications because of their advantages over regular aerial
vehicles.
Q.2: Give five examples of open loop systems
Answer:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Automatic washing machine
Electric bulb
Electric hand drier
Time based Bread toaster
Volume of the audio system
Q.3: Give five examples of closed loop systems
Answer:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Thermostat Heater.
Sun seeker solar system.
Voltage stabilizer.
Missile Launcher.
Auto Engine.