LEVELS OF PREVENTION
LEVELS OF CARE
❶ PRIMARY PREVENTION
It consists of activities which are undertaken before disease
strike.
It is applied to generally healthy people in order to keep
them well.
Purpose: decrease risk of exposure of the individual or
community to disease.
❶ HEALTH PROMOTION
It uses knowledge.
It is a behavior motivated by the desire to increase wellbeing and actualize human health potentials.
It is motivated by personal “positive approach” to wellness.
It seeks to expand positive potential for health.
It is not disease oriented.
o Healthy lifestyle; cholesterol screening
① HEALTH PROMOTION
o It is more on educator.
o It is a process of enabling individual and
community to increase control over the
determinants of health and thereby improve their
health.
o It consists of activities aimed at maintaining or
enhancing people’s physical, metal, or social wellbeing.
o OBJECTIVE: enable individual, families, group,
and communities to maintain health and realize
their full potential for development.
② DISEASE PREVENTION
o It involves activities designed to protect patient or
other members of the public from actual or
potential health threats and their harmful
consequences.
o Improve lifestyle or practice.
❷ SECONDARY PREVENTION
Clinic to hospital setting
It includes activities for early diagnosis and prompt
treatment of disease or health problem which has not been
prevented.
FOCUS: early identification of health problems and prompt
interventions to alleviate problems.
OBJECTIVES:
o Halting disease progress
o Minimizing severity of disease
o Shortening disease duration
o Prevent or reduce complications
o Bring about care
❸ TERTIARY PREVENTION
Hospital setting
Rehabilitation starts upon admission.
It begins early in the period of recovery of illness.
It minimizes residual disability and helps clients to learn to
live productively with limitations.
It is a continuing health supervision during rehabilitation.
OBJECTIVE: restore patient to an optimum level of
functioning consist of activities which are done when the
disease process an injury or a calamity has already exacted
its damage and ill effects, which consequent disability or
less of function in varying degrees.
❷ DISEASE PREVENTION / HEALTH PROTECTION
It is more on practice and health illness
It is a behavior motivated by desire to actively avoid illness,
detect it early or maintain functioning within constraints.
Illness or injury specific.
It is motivated by “avoidance of illness”
It seeks to thwart the occurrence of insults to health and
well-being
Example: vaccination
① HEALTH MAINTENANCE
o It is a higher level of disease protection or
prevention
o A person strives to prevent relapse by integrating
newly adopted behaviors into his or her lifestyle.
o A person no longer experiences temptation to
return to previous unhealthy behavior.
o Examples:
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Controlling blood sugar and smoking
§
Change diet, exercise
❸ CURATIVE
It is a care that tends to overcome disease, and promote
recovery.
It cures a disease or condition.
❹ REHABILITATION
It emphasizes the importance of assisting the clients to
function adequately in the physical, mental, social, and
economic and vocational areas of their lives.
The patient has disability.