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SCIENCE
INTERACTIVE
NOTEBOOK
Really?!?!
Dr. Erica Colón ©2013
www.NittyGrittyScience.blogspot.com
http://www.NittyGrittyScience.blogspot.com
Graphics © www.djinkers.com License #0812169551
©Erica L Colón 2013
Table of Contents:
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Electricity and Magnetism
Description
Page #
Introduction
3
Section 1: Electricity
4
Sequence Foldable
5
Lightning Article
6
Lightning Sequence Printable
7
Lightning Template
8
Quiz: Electricity
9
Section 2: Electric Current
10
Electricity Time Line
11
Quiz: Electric Current
12
Section 3: Electrical Circuits
13
Circuit Drawing Practice
14
Quiz: Electrical Circuits
15
Section 4: Magnetism
16
Magnet Shutter Foldable
17
Teacher Resource – Foldable Pictures
18
Quiz: Magnetism
19
Section 5. Magnetism and Electricity
20
Make an Electromagnet – Directions
21
Make an Electromagnet – Printable
22
Quiz: Electricity and Magnetism
23
Answer Key
24
Contact and Copyright Information
25
Appendix: Teacher Notes – LARGE Print
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26-30
©Erica L Colón 2013
Introduction
If you are new to the idea of using a Science Interactive Notebook in your
classroom, stop by my Nitty Gritty Science shop and download my Intro to
Science Interactive Notebooks tutorial for FREE!
In there you will find tips Page | 3
on how to begin with your students, what materials to have on hand and,
most importantly, how it will enhance your students learning through
reflection and creativity.
Focused Lessons with Differentiated Instruction
The lessons shared on the following pages cover National Science
Standards and meet students’ needs.
I have given you the notes that I
would give my students (Right Side – Input Side of Notebook) so you can
understand what I’m having the students focus on when working on their
creative assignments (Left Side – Output Side of Notebook).
Each lesson
focuses on a Question of the Day (QOD) represented in red in the top
margin of each “Input” page with student giving answer in red on “Output”
page.
Left Side – Output
Instructions for each Output Side are included.
This includes cut-outs,
foldables or master copies where applicable. You may find that students
work slowly at first, but once groups are established and students know
what is expected from them, not only will you see more energy focused on
the final product, but you will be shocked at the level of creativity certain
students have in certain areas – talk about differentiation!
Mini-Assessments
Mini quizzes will be given for each section so you may monitor student’s
level of understanding.
For reproduction purposes, there are two quizzes
to a page so you can cut in half and save on some paper 
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Section 1: Electricity
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Instructions:
Students will read an article on
how lightning forms then create a
Sequence Foldable to highlight the
process behind a lightning strike.
Students are also encouraged to
design front of Lightning
Sequence Foldable as well as research interesting facts on
lightning and write them on their foldable.
The following contains directions for the sequence foldable,
Lightning article, cut-outs for foldable and a mini-quiz for this
section.
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Sequence Foldable
Step 1: Place two sheets horizontal and
overlap them about an inch.
together.
Glue
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(For purposes of
instructional photos I used two
different colors)
.
Step 2:
Fold paper so that one-third of paper is
showing and two-thirds are covered.
Step 3: Fold the two-thirds section in half. Then fold one-third portion over
to form final crease. Open to find paper is folded into fifths.
Step 4: Fold paper closed like you were making a paper doll chain and place
template on top, making sure edges are on fold.
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Trace and cut.
©Erica L Colón 2013
LIGHTNING
Lightning is one of nature’s most beautiful phenomena. Lightning is a huge flash of
electricity usually produced during a thunderstorm. It can travel from cloud to
ground, but can also travel between or inside clouds.
So, what causes lightning?
When clouds roll in during a storm, a lot of action is
happening inside them.
Water in the clouds begins
forming raindrops and they are being moved by air
currents and gravity, forcing them to collide into ice
crystals (frozen raindrops).
All of these collisions start
forming electrical charges filling the cloud up with protons and
elections.
Eventually, and it’s not clear how it happens, research shows that the positive
charges, or protons form at the top of the cloud, while the negative charges, or
electrons form at the bottom of the cloud.
The negative charges start building
up so much at the bottom of the cloud that they start attracting positive
charges which builds up on the ground or objects on the ground, forming a large
electric field. This electric field causes the air to be ionized, or allows electrons
to be detached from their original air molecule allowing them more freedom to
move. Moving electrons equal a good conductor, which means an electrical
current is now able to flow.
Now that the electrons in the cloud have a good conductor as a pathway, they
begin racing down towards the ground, in a pattern referred to as step leaders.
Meanwhile, all the positive charges building up on the ground begin to surge
upwards forming positive streamers. When one of these streamers meets up
with a step leader the conductive path is complete and a massive strike of
electric current flashes into what we call “lightning”.
The lightning strike is extremely hot with temperatures sometimes reaching
over20,000 degrees Celsius.
This heat causes the surrounding air to expand
extremely quickly, producing a compression sound wave which makes a large clap
that we hear as thunder.
The reason we usually hear the thunder after the
lightning is because the speed of light travels much faster than the speed of
sound.
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LIGHTNING SEQUENCE FOLDABLE
Directions:
1.
Glue and fold two sheets of paper into a Sequence Foldable (follow teacher’s
directions).
2. Using the lightning template, cut out shape from your Sequence Foldable.
3. Title and decorate the front of your lightning foldable and glue into your
Science Interactive Notebook.
4. Once you have read the Lightning article, cut out the phrases below on how
lightning forms and glue them in the proper sequence in your Sequence Foldable.
5. Using books or the Internet, find four interesting facts about lightning and write
them on each bolt of your foldable. Remember to give source of fact.
Negative charges at the bottom
Electrical charges separate inside
of the cloud force positive
the cloud with electrons moving to
charges to build up on the ground
bottom of the cloud and protons
forming a large electric field.
moving to the top.
Raindrops and ice crystals collide
Step leaders snake down from
inside storm cloud creating
the cloud while streamers surge
electrical charges.
up from the ground, then – zap –
lightning strikes!
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LIGHTNING TEMPLATE
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Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electricity
Circle the term in parentheses that makes each statement true.
1.
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Rubber would be a good (conductor, insulator).
2. Accumulation of excess electric charges on an object is static (electricity,
charge).
3. Protons are (positive, negative), electrons are (positive, negative) and neutrons
are (positive, neutral).
4. Opposite charges (attract, repel) each other.
5. The Law of Conservation of Charge states that electric charges (can, cannot)
be transferred from object to object, but (can, cannot) be created or
destroyed.
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electricity
Circle the term in parentheses that makes each statement true.
1.
Rubber would be a good (conductor, insulator).
2. Accumulation of excess electric charges on an object is static (electricity,
charge).
3. Protons are (positive, negative), electrons are (positive, negative) and neutrons
are (positive, neutral).
4. Opposite charges (attract, repel) each other.
5. The Law of Conservation of Charge states that electric charges (can, cannot)
be transferred from object to object, but (can, cannot) be created or
destroyed.
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Section 2: Electric Current
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Instructions:
Students will be given pictures and names but will need to
research in order to match names with faces and find out what
each scientist contributed to the field of electricity.
I allow my
students creative liberty on how they want to put their timeline
together.
This section includes pictures of scientists and cut-
outs as well as a mini-quiz.
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Electricity Time Line
Hans Oersted
1820
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Thomas Edison
1879
Alessandro Volta
1800
Georges Leclanché
1866
Benjamin Franklin
1752
Michael Faraday
1831
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Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electric Current
Matching
_____ 1. Voltage Difference
a. current is equal to voltage difference of a
circuit divided by resistance
_____2. Resistance
b. flow of electric charges through a conductor
_____3. Electric current
c. tendency of material to oppose flow of
electrons
_____4. Circuit
d. a push that causes charges to move
_____5. Ohm’s law
e. closed path through which electrons can flow
6. Explain the difference between a wet-cell and a dry cell battery.
7. How can one increase electrical resistance?
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electric Current
Matching
_____ 1. Voltage Difference
a. current is equal to voltage difference of a
circuit divided by resistance
_____2. Resistance
b. flow of electric charges through a conductor
_____3. Electric current
c. tendency of material to oppose flow of
electrons
_____4. Circuit
d. a push that causes charges to move
_____5. Ohm’s law
e. closed path through which electrons can flow
6. Explain the difference between a wet-cell and a dry cell battery.
7. How can one increase electrical resistance?
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Section 3: Electrical Circuits
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Instructions:
For this page in the Science Interactive Notebook, students will be
practicing drawing circuits using correct symbols – making sure to following
specifics of each circuit.
This is a good activity to do before having
students build circuits in your classroom.
(If funds are limited in your
classroom, check out my Electricity and Magnetism Inquiry Unit in the Nitty
Gritty Science store for a plan on how students can build a circuit using
holiday lights, brass fasteners and aluminum foil.)
Included for this section
is the master reproducible of the Circuit Drawing Practice worksheet and
of course a mini quiz.
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Circuit Drawing Practice
Directions: Using the correct symbols, draw the following circuits.
1. Draw a series circuit with one battery, one
2. Draw a parallel circuit with three light bulbs,
light and one switch.
one switch and one battery.
3. Draw a series circuit with four light bulbs,
4. Draw a parallel circuit with three light bulbs,
turn off all light bulbs.
one switch and two batteries.
one switch and one battery.
The switch should
The switch should
turn off two light bulbs.
Challenge: Draw a complex circuit.
This circuit should have four light bulbs (two in parallel and
two in series), two switches (one to turn off series lights and one to turn off parallel lights), and
one battery.
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Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electrical Circuits
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Label each circuit symbol:
1. __________________
2. __________________
3. ___________________
4. _________________
5. What is the function of circuit breakers and fuses?
6. Explain why homes use parallel circuits instead of series circuits.
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electrical Circuits
Label each circuit symbol:
1. __________________
2. __________________
3. ___________________
4. _________________
5. What is the function of circuit breakers and fuses?
6. Explain why homes use parallel circuits instead of series circuits.
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Section 4: Magnetism
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Instructions:
Students will make a Magnet
Shutter Foldable that they will
decorate themselves with 7-8
pictures of magnets used in their
everyday life.
With each picture
students should give an explanation
on how each item utilizes a magnet.
To challenge students, I would not allow
them to use decorative magnets on fridges or toy alphabet magnets that
their little sister or brother might play with as an example.
Following pages include directions for Shutter Foldable, images for Teacher
resource page and mini-quiz.
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Magnet Shutter Foldable
Step 1: With paper horizontal, gently fold in half and slightly crease fold to
mark center of paper.
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.
Step 2:
Fold in both ends toward the middle and make a strong crease on
each fold.
Step 3:
Cut of top two corners with a rounded cut to create the shape
of a magnet.
Then have students color/paste or whatever they need to
do to make their foldable appear to look like a magnet.
.
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Magnet Shutter Foldable – Teacher Resource Page
Use the following pictures and explanations on your Master Page for your
Science Interactive Notebook.
Students should find their own examples of
pictures and explanations.
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Smart phones use small
magnets that interact with a
coil of wire to create the
vibrate function.
Credit cards have a magnetic
stripe on the back that is made
of magnetic particles that
Vacuum cleaners use powerful
magnets in motors to give high
contain the account holder’s
information.
suction.
Electric can openers use small
magnets to hold the lid while
the can is rotated and being
opened.
Speakers have magnets that
interact with the coil of wire
inside the speaker cone to
produce sound.
Refrigerators use flexible
magnetic strips on inside of
Window security systems use a
rubber door seals to hold the
bar magnet to trigger a switch
door firmly shut to keep cold
to alert and alarm system if a
air from leaking out.
burglar enters.
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Magnetism
Magnetism
Distance
Magnetic pole
Repel
Magnetic domain
Magnetic field
Complete following sentences with terms listed.
_______________________________ 1. The south pole of a magnet will ______ the south pole of
another magnet.
_______________________________ 2. The properties and interactions of magnets are referred
to as ______.
_______________________________ 3. The magnetic poles of atoms are aligned in a(n) ______.
_______________________________ 4. A ______ is the region where the magnet is the strongest.
_______________________________ 5. Strength of force between two magnets depends on the
______ between them.
_______________________________ 6.
A ______ exerts a force on objects made of magnetic
materials.
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Magnetism
Magnetism
Distance
Magnetic poles
Repel
Magnetic domain
Magnetic field
Complete following sentences with terms listed.
_______________________________ 1. The south pole of a magnet will ______ the south pole of
another magnet.
_______________________________ 2. The properties and interactions of magnets are referred
to as ______.
_______________________________ 3. The magnetic poles of atoms are aligned in a(n) ______.
_______________________________ 4. A ______ is the region where the magnet is the strongest.
_______________________________ 5. Strength of force between two magnets depends on the
______ between them.
_______________________________ 6.
A ______ exerts a force on objects made of magnetic
materials.
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Section 5: Magnetism and Electricity
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Instructions
Students will be given materials and will need to make a simple
electromagnet to pick up straight pins.
They will need to determine if
adding more coils to their electromagnet will make the magnetic force
stronger.
Materials needed: 9 volt battery, straight pins, nails, insulated copper wire
Included for this section are the directions and printable worksheet “Make
an Electromagnet” along with a mini-quiz.
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Make an Electromagnet
Objective: To give a nail magnetic properties using electricity.
Materials:
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
1 10p Nail (10p = 10 penny nail = 3 inch nail)

1 box straight pins

1 6V battery

Copper wire (#22 insulated) with ends
stripped
Directions:
1.
On your Science Interactive Notebook recording sheet, write a
hypothesis on the relationship of how many nails your electromagnet can
pick up versus the number of wraps of wire around the nail.
2. Using the copper wire, leaving about a six inch tail, start wrapping the
wire around the nail 10 times, making sure you wrap tightly, leaving no
spaces.
3.
Hook each copper wire tail to each terminal of the battery, making
sure exposed copper is touching each terminal.
4.
Touch the electromagnet to the pile of straight pins and see how many
you can pick up.
5. Record this data in your data table.
6. Repeat steps 2-5 with 20, 30, 40 and 50 wraps.
7. Draw a diagram of your electromagnet on your recording sheet and
label the current flow.
Paste recording sheet into your Science
Interactive Notebook.
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Make an Electromagnet
Hypothesis:_________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________ Page | 22
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Data Table:
Number of Wraps around Nail
Number of Straight Pins picked up
10
20
30
40
50
Drawing of Electromagnet (be sure to label parts and flow of current)
Conclusion:__________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electricity and Magnetism
1. Describe two ways you could change the strength of a magnetic field created by an
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electromagnet.
2. What is an alternating current and where can an example be found?
3.
Explain what happens when you disconnect the electricity source from an
electromagnet.
4.
What energy change occurs in an electric motor?
Name _______________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Quiz: Electricity and Magnetism
1. Describe two ways you could change the strength of a magnetic field created by an
electromagnet.
2. What is an alternating current and where can an example be found?
3.
Explain what happens when you disconnect the electricity source from an
electromagnet.
4.
What energy change occurs in an electric motor?
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Answer Key
Quiz: Electricity
1. insulator
2. Electricity
3. Positive; negative; neutral
4. Attract
5. Can; cannot
Quiz: Electric Current
1. D
2. C 3. B 4. E 5. A
6. Well cell contains plates in conduction solution; dry cell uses moist paste
for conduction
7. Thinner wires, longer wires, hotter wires
Quiz: Electrical Circuits
1. Battery
2. Lightbulb
3. Wire
4. Switch
5. To stop electrical fires from occurring from overheated wires.
6. If one switch turns off the rest of the home stays on.
Quiz: Magnetism
1. repel
2. Magnetism
5. Distance
3. Magnetic domain
4. Magnetic pole
6. Magnetic field
Quiz: Electricity and Magnetism
1. more turns in wire coil. Increasing current
2. current that reverses direction in a regular pattern; wall outlet
3. electromagnet will lose magnetic field
4. electrical energy changes to mechanical energy
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©Erica L Colón 2013
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Thank you for your recent download!! I hope this
resource helps you and your students have a
successful year using Science Interactive Notebooks.
I
can guarantee students will show pride in their work
and be willing to share their notebook entries with you
and their classmates.
Please check out my store for more fun Science Interactive Notebook
entries that correlate with my Science Inquiry Units.
Also, check out my
new blog http://www.NittyGrittyScience.blogspot.com to see examples and
how we’re getting down to the Nitty Gritty in Science Education!!
Happy Investigating,
Erica L Colón
Copyright Information
© 2013 Erica L Colón: Nitty Gritty Science. All rights reserved by the author.
My terms for use for all products available through TeachersPayTeachers and
TeachersNotebook are as follows:
Purchase of this unit entitles the purchaser the right to reproduce the pages in limited
quantities for classroom use only. Duplication for an entire school, an entire school system,
or commercial purposes is strictly forbidden without written permission from the author:
Erica Colón: NittyGrittyScience@gmail.com or by purchasing multiple licenses.
Copying any part of this product and placing it on the internet in any form (even a
personal/classroom website) is strictly forbidden and is a violation of the Digital Millennium
Copyright Act (DMCA). You may post pictures from using this product in your classroom
as long as you provide a link back to my store.
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Appendix A: Teacher Notes
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©Erica L Colón 2013
Question: How is lightning similar to getting an electric shock when you
reach for metal door knob?
ELECTRICITY
Electric charges are from protons
which are positive +
and electrons
which are negative -
.
Static Electricity – accumulation of excess electric charges
on an object
Atoms become charged by gaining or losing electrons.
Law of Conservation of Charge – electric charges can be
transferred from object to object, but it cannot be created
or destroyed.
Positive and negative charges exert forces on each other.
+
-
+
+
-
opposite charges
+
like charges repel
attract
CONDUCTORS VS. INSULATORS
Conductors – material in
Insulators – material in which
which electrons move
electrons are not able to move
easily Ex. Metals
easily Ex. wood, plastics, rubber
CHARGING OBJECTS
Charging by Contact
Charging by Induction
- process of transferring
- rearrangement of electrons
charge by touching or
on a neutral object caused by
rubbing
nearby charged objects
Question: What property of electric current allowed Edison’s first
lightbulb to light?
ELECTRIC CURRENT
Electric Current – net movement of electric charges in a
single direction through a wire or conductor.
Voltage Difference – force that causes electric charges to
flow; charges flow from high voltage
low voltage
Circuit – a closed path that electric
current follows.
Battery, wires and voltage
+
-
difference allows current
to flow.
BATTERIES
Dry - Cell
Wet - Cell
Chemical reactions occur
Contains two connected
in a moist paste causing
plates made of different
transfer of electrons
metals in conducting sol’n.
Ex. Car Battery
Resisitance – tendency for a material to oppose the flow of
electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal and light
energy.
Making wires thinner, longer or hotter increases resistance
All materials have some electrical resistance measured in
ohms. (symbol )
Voltage diff
Ohms Law – current in a circuit equals
voltage difference divided by resistance.
Current=
Resistance
Question: Why does your home have a circuit breaker or fuse box?
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
CIRCUIT SYMBOLS
WIRE
LIGHTBULB
(Conductor)
CLOSED SWITCH
BATTERY
OPEN SWITCH
SERIES CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
Current has only one
Contains two or more
loop to flow through.
branches for current to
Flow through
Examples include:
Examples include:
flashlight, holiday lights
Homes, automobiles
COMPLEX CIRCUIT
A circuit composed of both series and parallel circuits.
Electrical energy enters your home at the circuit breaker or
fuse box and branches out to appliances, wall socket and lights.
Circuit breakers – small piece of metal that bends when it gets
hot, opening circuit and stopping current flow.
Electronic fuse - small piece of metal that melts if current
becomes to high, opening circuit
Questions: Why are magnets so important?
MAGNETISM
Magnetism – refers to the properties and interactions of
magnets in which there is a force of attraction or repulsion
between like or unlike poles.
Strength of force between two magnets depends on the
distance between them.
Magnetic field – exerts a
force on other magnets
and objects made of
N
S
magnetic materials
(strongest closed to magnet)
All magnets have a north pole and a south pole.
N
N
S
LIKE POLES REPEL
N
UNLIKE POLES ATTRACT
MAGNETIC MATERIALS
Only few metals, such as iorn, cobalt, and nickel are attracted
to magnets or can be made into permanent magnets.
Magnetic domains – group of atoms with aligned magnetic poles
(too small to be seen with eye)
Permanent magnets are made by placing a magnetic material in
a strong magnetic field, forcing magnetic domains to line up.
Questions: How does a stereo speaker use an electromagnet to
Produced sound?
MAGNETISM AND ELECTRICITY
When electric current flows through a wire, a magnetic
Field forms around the wire.
ELECTRON
FLOW
WIRE
Strength of magnetic field depends on the amount of current
flowing in the wire.
Electromagnets – a temporary magnet made by wrapping a
wire coil carrying a current around an iorn core.
Increases strength of the magnetic field by adding more turns
to wire coil (solenoid) or increasing the current passing
through the wire
Electric motor – a device that changes electrical energy into
mechanical energy
In a simple electric motor, an electromagnet rotates between
The poles of a permanent magnet.
DIRECT AND ALTERNATING CURRENT
Direct Current (DC)
- current that flows
Alternating Current (AC)
- reverses the direction of
In only one direction
the current flow in
Through a wire
regular patterns.
Ex. A battery
Ex. Plugging toaster into
Wall outlet