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Name: ____________________________________________
1)
In 2003, scientists completed the mapping of the human genome. Which of the following scientists conducted
research that directly helped lay the foundation for this project?
A) Jane Goodall and Louis Leaky
C) Louis Pasteur and Edward Jenner
B) Charles Darwin and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
D) James Watson and Francis Crick
2)
The diagram below represents a molecule of
A) ATP.
3)
4)
B) RNA.
Which is the sugar component of a DNA nucleotide?
A) Deoxyribose
B) Adenine
C) DNA.
D) FSH.
C) Phosphate
D) Glucose
Which of the following bases present in a DNA molecule are correctly paired?
A) Cytosine-uracil
C) Cytosine-adenine
B) Cytosine-thymine
D) Cytosine-guanine
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5)
Which is the correct identification of the parts of the DNA nucleotide in the diagram below?
A)
B)
C)
D)
A = thymine, B = ribose, C = uracil
A = phosphate, B = deoxyribose, C = thymine
A = uracil, B = deoxyribose, C = thymine
A = phosphate, B = ribose, C = uracil
Questions 6 and 7 refer to the following:
The diagrams below represent nucleotides.
6)
Which of the given nucleotides contains a nitrogenous base that pairs with thymine in double-stranded DNA?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
7)
Which structure pairs with the adenine nucleotide during the formation of messenger RNA?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
8)
The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism's
A) amino acids.
C) DNA nucleotide sequence.
B) nitrogenous bases.
D) transfer RNA molecules.
9)
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Which DNA strand represents the complementary base sequence of a DNA strand represented in the given
diagram?
A)
10)
B)
D)
The diagram below represents a DNA molecule.
Structure 3 in the given diagram represents a
A) phosphate.
B) ribose sugar.
11)
C)
C) base.
D) deoxyribose sugar.
A portion of a DNA strand is sequenced and read. It is found to consist of 17% thymine, 17% adenine,
17% cytosine, and 23% guanine. Which of the following scientific evidence could be used to show that there was
an error in these results?
A) Cytosine will only pair with guanine, so their percentages have to be the same.
B) There are six types of nucleotides that form a DNA strand, and their percentages should add up to 100%.
C) Guanine will only pair with adenine, so their percentages have to be the same.
D) Adenine will only pair with thymine, so their percentages have to be the same.
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12)
The diagram below represents a part of a double-stranded DNA molecule.
Which event must occur if a nucleus containing the given molecule is to undergo normal mitosis?
A) Bonds at 4 and 6 break and bases relocate.
B) Bonds at 2, 4, and 5 break and new nucleotides are synthesized.
C) Weak hydrogen bonds at 5 break and the molecule replicates.
D) Weak hydrogen bonds at 7 break and new sequences of bases are formed.
13)
The building blocks of both DNA and RNA molecules are known as
A) polysaccharides.
C) hydrocarbons.
B) nucleotides.
D) amino acids.
14)
Choose the type of nucleic acid that is best described by the phrase.
Carries genetic information from the cell nucleus to the ribosomes.
A) Messenger RNA
C) Phosphorous base
B) Transfer RNA
D) DNA
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15)
What mRNA sequence will best match the section of DNA shown?
A) A-G-C-U-U-C
B) C-U-A-G-G-A
16)
C) T-C-G-A-A-G
D) C-T-A-G-G-C
The diagram below represents a step in protein synthesis.
During the step in the process of protein synthesis shown, information is passed from
A) DNA strand II to RNA.
C) RNA to DNA strand I.
B) RNA to DNA strand II.
D) DNA strand I to RNA.
17)
Specific proteins produced in a cell are directly related to the
A) number of mitochondria in the cell.
B) sequence of sugars and phosphates in the cell.
C) type of ribosomes in the cell.
D) sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of the cell.
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18)
The function of transfer RNA molecules is to
A) synthesize more transfer RNA molecules.
B) transport amino acids to messenger RNA.
C) provide a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA.
D) transport amino acids to DNA in the nucleus.
19)
The diagram below represents a chemical process that occurs within cells.
The process represented in the diagram occurs on the cell organelle known as a
A) ribosome.
B) vacuole.
C) chloroplast.
D) mitochondrion.
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20)
The diagram below represents the mechanism of protein formation.
The structure labeled X will bond with a codon that is part of
A) chromosomal DNA.
C) messenger RNA.
B) ribosomal RNA.
D) transfer RNA.
21)
According to the table below, which amino acid sequence would most likely be determined by a section of a
DNA molecule with the base sequence A-A-G-G-A-T-C-C-G?
A) Glycine ‡‡ Arginine ‡‡ Leucine
B) Glycine ‡‡ Leucine ‡‡ Arginine
C) Phenylalanine ‡‡ Arginine ‡‡ Glycine
D) Phenylalanine ‡‡ Leucine ‡‡ Glycine
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22)
The diagram below represents molecular structures involved in protein synthesis.
Proline, methionine, and aspartic acid represent three types of
A) enzymes.
B) amino acids.
C) hormones.
D) fatty acids.