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Year 8 Term 1
History
(Revision Sheet)
Name:
Date:
The Renaissance
Page
Topic
1
The Renaissance
2
Renaissance
World
3
Renaissance
Lives
4
Renaissance Art
5
Leonardo Da
Vinci
6
Galileo Galilei
7
Renaissance
Medicine
8
(End of Pages)
Completed?
Date
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A Rebirth of Learning
The Renaissance began in Italy in the
fourteenth century. Inspired by the teachings of
Ancient Greece and Rome, scholars became
interested in art, science, architecture and
medicine.
Medieval vs Renaissance
The Renaissance was a clear break away from
the ‘religious oppression’ of the Medieval
Period.
Power of Printing
The invention of the printing press created a
revolution
throughout the world.
Renaissance Art
Art also enjoyed a revival during the
Renaissance. It became an extremely profitable
business throughout Florence with the help of
‘patronage’.
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Renaissance Lives
The Printing Press
Up to the fifteenth century, all books in Europe
were handwritten or printed from hand-carved
wooden blocks. The invention of movable metal
type and the printing press created a revolution.
Johannes Gutenberg
Gutenberg was a skilled goldsmith by trade. He
was able to use this skill to invent movable
metal type. This was made up of individual
metal letters which could be used and reused.
How Gutenberg Printed
1. The author brought the manuscript to the printer.
2. The letters of the alphabet were in boxes. The
letters for each word were composed on a stick
3. The words for a page were put together on a
frame. The frame was placed in the printing press.
4. The letters were inked.
5. A double page was placed on a hinged board.
This was placed on top of the letters.
6. The press was brought down on top of the board
and the paper.
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Impact of Printing Press
• Means of permanently recording
information.
• Allowed spread of information to be
much more rapid.
• Increased access to prior information,
which could be expanded upon.
• Exact citing of references (one author,
one work, one piece of information).
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Renaissance Ideas
As the economy and society changed, new ideas began to
appear. This period of interest and developments in art,
literature, science and learning is known as the Renaissance,
French for “rebirth.”
Key Ideas
Renaissance Art focused on the study of human
nature. Many different techniques were used to
convey this:
- Perspective
- Realism
- Emotion
- Shading
- Nudity
- Everyday life
- Sculpture-in-the-Round
A Renaissance Universe
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Leonardo Da Vinci
The Universal Man
The ideal Renaissance person was the
‘universal’ man or woman. This was a person
who was excellent at a wide range of
activities.These included art, science, music and
literature.
Leonardo was admired as the ideal
Renaissance Man because he was an all-round
genius.
At first Leonardo intended to learn about the.
human body so that he could paint it more
realistically. But soon he began to hope that it
would bring him to the answer to the riddle of
creation
Man and God
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Anatomical Study
Leonardo often watched doctors perform
Leonardo
wrote
in Italian
usinghuman
a special
kind of
autopsies so
that he
could study
anatomy.
shorthand
that dissections
he invented
He usually
He later began
onhimself.
his own and
used
‘mirror
writing’,
startingthat
at the
right side of
carefully
sketched
everything
he saw.
the page and moving
Mirror Writing
Leonardo was born in Vinci, near Florence. He
was apprenticed to Master Verrocchio, one of
Florence’s best known artists. He learned to
draw, to prepare colours and varnishes and to
sculpt.
The Apprentice
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Leonardo’s Notebooks
He studied astronomy (stars and planets),
geology (rocks) and engineering. He had a special
interest in anatomy (the study of the human body)
and dissected many people.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was born in Pisa. He did not like science at
first and instead studied medicine.One day he
observed the swaying of chandeliers in Pisa
Cathedral. This is where the idea of a pendulum
came to mind.
Early Life
One of Galileo’s important discoveries was
theory of the speed of falling objects
Father of Modern Science
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The Telescope
Galileo did
NOT invent
learnedto
that
Universe
according
to the telescope.
Universe He
according
Galileo
was
the
first
person the
to use
the
telescope
tothen
a Dutch
man
had
invented
first
telescope.
He
the
Church
Galileo’s
studies
study
the
skies.
He
made
some
very
important
built his own with a magnification of 32 (objects looks
discoveries:
He saw mountains and craters on the
32 times bigger).
moon, He saw four moons around Jupiter and He
saw sunspots (dark spots on the surface of the sun)
Galileo observed that the earth orbited the sun. This
was a very dangerous discovery as it challenged the
authority of the Church. He was summoned to Rome
to appear before the Inquisition. Galileo was forced
to deny his beliefs under fear of torture.
New Discoveries
Worlds Apart
Eppur Si Muove
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