MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Minsk State Linguistic University
GRAMMAR WORKBOOK FOR BEGINNERS
Minsk 2010
Contents
Unit 1 Present Simple and Present Continuous ........................................................... 5
Unit 2 Past Simple, Past Continuous and used to ....................................................... 16
Unit 3 Some, any, no, every and their compounds .........................................................
Much, many, a lot (of), little, a little, few, a few ........................................... 26
Unit 4 The Article ....................................................................................................... 36
Unit 5 Verb patterns .................................................................................................... 49
Unit 6 The Future ........................................................................................................ 61
Unit 7 Comparison of adjectives and adverbs ............................................................ 70
Unit 8 Present Perfect Simple ..................................................................................... 78
Unit 9 Present Perfect Continuous .............................................................................. 89
Unit 10 Modal verbs ................................................................................................... 97
Unit 11 Time and Conditional Clauses ..................................................................... 106
Unit 12 The Passive .................................................................................................. 114
4
Unit 1
Present Simple and Present Continuous
Part I
Present Simple
Exercise 1.1
Write the third person singular of these verbs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
read reads
agree
catch
dance
5.
6.
7.
8.
enjoy
fail
fly
go
9.
10.
11.
12.
have
kiss
plan
study
13.tie
14.travel
15.try
16.visit
Exercise 1.2
Complete the sentences. Use these verbs:
be (2)
make
cost
open
change eat
speak teach
go
tell (2)
lead
wear
like
write
1. My parents go to the cinema every week.
2. Ann … three languages.
3. Margaret … a teacher. She … English to young children.
4. My brother … poetry.
5. The national Library … at 9 o’clock in the morning.
6. Houses … very expensive. They … a lot of money.
7. My sister … a healthy lifestyle. She … a lot of fruit and vegetables.
8. Jenny … to look beautiful. She always … nice clothes.
9. Jim’s Granny … strawberry jam every summer.
10.Modern media … our life every day.
11.Mark always … the truth and never … lies.
Exercise 1.3
Make sentences from these words. Put the verb in the right form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
hard / work / Tim / usually
Tim usually works hard.
television / Ella / watch / often
like / sweets / children / usually
lunch / we / have / always / at 2 o’clock
Dave / abroad / go / never
noisy parties / my neighbours / have / sometimes
never / Kate / coffee / drink
5
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
listen to / we / English music / often
eat / Ray / chocolate / seldom
always / Jane / parties / enjoy
in her room / Ann / clear up / sometimes / the mess
seldom / the water in the lake / in winter/ freeze
come / to my birthday party / many friends / every year
enjoy / I / my summer holidays / always
Exercise 1.4
Make the sentences negative.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
I play the guitar very well.
I don’t play the guitar very well.
Susan plays the piano very well.
Tony and Stephen know each other.
Mike has a shower every day.
Nick’s parents have a car.
My farther buys a newspaper every day.
Rose prefers to go camping in summer.
David and Paul do the same work in the office.
China exports wine and wool.
It snows in summer.
Giraffes come from Russia.
The Moon goes round the sun.
Exercise 1.5
Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Toby … his job. It’s very boring.( like)
Toby doesn’t like his job.
Brian … a car but he … it very often. (have, drive)
We … drama but we … to the theatre very often. (like, go)
Liz goes to Britain every summer. She … English very well. (speak)
My grandparents … meat. They’re vegetarians. (eat)
Jeff is Sylvia’s third husband. – It’s not true. I … it. (believe)
Paula is a very talkative girl. She … on the phone three hours a day. (talk)
Joe plays cricket badly. He … all the rules. (know)
My brother … free time at all. He works all day and studies at night. (have)
His French isn’t very good. We … him very well. (understand)
Violet looks very tired. She … a holiday. (need)
I … homework in the evening. I do it in the afternoon. (do)
Diana says that she never … her husband. He’s too busy. (see)
6
Exercise 1.6
Write the questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
I go to bed at … .
What time do you go to bed?
Little Toby likes playing with … .
We travel to … every summer.
… gives us a lot of homework.
My father drives a … .
Bianca’s children go to … school.
… comes from Argentina.
Our local shop opens at … .
We usually … at the weekend.
Robert does business with … .
The soup tastes … .
I usually spend … on my homework.
Exercise 1.7
Complete the sentences with am, is, are or do, does in the positive or negative form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
My teacher is very nice.
… you from Japan? – No, I … from China.
… you have a flat? – No, I live with my parents.
Where … Marsha from? – She … from Britain.
He … come from Australia. He comes from New Zealand.
… Fiona and Michael students? … they study history?
I … play hockey, I play basketball.
My mum … a shop assistant, she … a dentist.
Where … Pete? – I … know. Ask Kate.
What languages … they speak?
Can I see you in the office now? – No, I … in the office. I … at home.
My brother and sister … go to school because they … seven years old.
… Helen married? … she have children?
My husband … a good swimmer, but he … swim very often.
What … your sister do? – She … a cook.
Where … she live? – She … live in Minsk, she lives in Vitebsk.
… it your wife in the photo? Who … there with her?
How … you make that cake?
7
Exercise 1.8
Give short answers.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Do you live in a big city?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Do your parents often listen to the radio?
Does your father drive to work?
Do you and your family often go to the country?
Are your grandparents still alive?
Does your university have a cafй?
Is your best friend a football fan?
Does it rain a lot in your country?
Are you at university now?
Part II
Present Continuous
Exercise 2.1
Write the –ing form of these verbs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
swim swimming
agree
begin
blow
control
come
7. do
8. get
9. happen
10.offer
11.occupy
12.run
13.shine
14.spoil
15.stop
16.tie
17.visit
18.wait
Exercise 2.2
Complete the sentences with one of these verbs in the Present Continuous form.
build
make
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
cook
spend
do
stay
happen
swim
have
wear
help
write
Beryl and Ian are on holiday.
They are staying at a hotel.
Where’s Pete? – He … a shower.
They … a new hospital in the city centre now.
Look! A dog … in the lake!
Kyle is in the kitchen. He … dinner.
Please be quiet. We … a test.
I’m hungry. – Wait a bit. Vera and Tracy … sandwiches.
I have exams soon, so I … a lot of work in the library.
You are so noisy. What … ?
Look! You … your T-shirt inside out. – Oops!
It’s summer now, so we … a lot of time outdoors.
I … my brother about the house this week because his wife is in hospital.
8
Exercise 2.3
Use these verbs to write what the people are doing.
do
play
1
1.
ride
serve
sing
2
visit
3
5
6
He is visiting a friend in hospital.
7
watch
4
8
Exercise 2.4
Look at the picture and write positive and negative sentences about Mark.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
sit at the table
Mark is sitting at the table.
play the piano
laugh
wear glasses
wear a hat
write a letter
talk to his girlfriend
show her his holiday photos
wear a watch
eat a sandwich
9
work
Exercise 2.5
Write short answers.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Is it snowing?
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
Are you sitting in an armchair?
Is your teacher explaining something to you?
Are you studying?
Are your parents having a meal?
Is your best friend doing homework?
Are you feeling well?
Exercise 2.6
Write true sentences about what is happening at the moment.
1. It / rain
It’s raining. / It isn’t raining.
2. I / sit at a desk
3. I / have a bath
4. I / do gymnastics
5. It / get dark
6. I / do an English exercise
7. I / write down the answers
8. Strong wind / blow
9. I / wear jeans
10.I / translate an article
Exercise 2.7
Put the words in order and write questions. Add am /is / are.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
working / Carl / today?
Is Carl working today?
where / going / your cousins?
what / studying / Kit?
coming / the train?
the children / the film / enjoying?
where / sitting / Sue?
what / doing / the students?
who / you / writing to?
why / laughing / the students?
Ted / the course / enjoying?
what / thinking about / you?
what / all the people / looking at?
10
Part III
Present Simple and Present Continuous
Exercise 3.1
Choose the correct form of the verb.
My brother doesn’t watch / isn’t watching television very often.
He speaks / is speaking three languages.
Can you hear those people? What do they speak / are they speaking about?
I go / am going to my friend’s house.
He usually enjoys / is enjoying all trips, but he doesn’t enjoy / isn’t enjoying this
one very much.
6. How does Nick get on / is Nick getting on at school?
7. Who sings / is singing? – It’s my neighbour. He always sings / is singing in the
bathroom.
8. Stop disturbing me! Can’t you see I work / am working?
9. I’m sorry it’s so noisy, but we move / are moving the furniture.
10.I send / am sending E-mails to my friend in Africa every week.
11.I read / am reading a good book about the history of Britain.
12.We read / are reading a lot of French books every year.
13.We are at a party. We have / are having a great time!
14.How often do you read / are you reading newspapers?
15.Look! Someone sits / is sitting in your place.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Exercise 3.2
Look at the pictures and answer the questions about what the people do and what
they’re doing now.
1
2
I’m a teacher
3
I’m a driver
I’m a cook
1. Does he teach?
Is he teaching?
What is he doing?
3. Is he cooking?
Does he cook?
What is he doing?
2. Is he driving?
Does he drive?
What does he do?
4. Does he study?
Is he studying?
What does he do?
11
4
I’m a student
Exercise 3.3
Put the verbs in the Present Simple or the Present Continuous form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Listen! Somebody (cry).
is crying
Sandra (not like) black tea. She (prefer) green tea.
What time your husband (leave) work in the evening?
How much it (cost) to phone the USA?
What Meryl (do)? – She’s an artist.
Why is Meryl under the table? What she (do)?
What time the banks (close) here?
I (like) to listen to music. It (help) me to relax after a busy day.
Why you (run)? – I (hurry) to university.
Jerry is a famous actor. He (act) in comedies mostly.
Excuse me, do you know who (act) Hamlet today?
Steve (play) for Manchester United. This week he (play) in Barcelona.
Exercise 3.4
Put the verbs in the correct form. Pay special attention to State verbs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
You (want) to go our tonight?
Do you want
I’m afraid nobody (believe) you.
This dress (not fit) you. You (not look) very beautiful in it.
The house (be) in very good condition. It (not need) repairing.
You (see) my bag anywhere? – Just a moment, I (look) for it.
She (be) still ill, but she (get) better.
Why are you so sad? – I (think) about my parents. They (live) far away and we
(not see) each other very often.
What your dad (think) of camping? – He (think) it’s great.
I (hear) some noise downstairs. What is it? – The neighbours (redecorate) their
flat.
I’m sorry. I (not understand). Can you speak louder, please?
You (know) that woman? – I (think) yes, but I (not remember) her name.
What all those people (wait) for? – They (want) to see a famous singer. He
(come) to give a concert.
I can’t buy any new clothes now. We (save) money to buy a car.
Peter (seem) to be happy at school. – Oh, yes. He (enjoy) playing with the
children.
What the word “annually” (mean)? – It (mean) every year.
You (prefer) to go by car or by train? – It (depend) on the weather.
The child (keep) crying. – Maybe he (be) hungry.
We (have) a very nice holiday. We (have) a comfortable room in a hotel. And
now we (have) breakfast in the hotel’s restaurant.
12
Exercise 3.5
Use the correct form of the verb, Present Simple or Present Continuous.
Dear Aunt Emily,
I (1) … just … (write) to tell you how much I (2) … (be) grateful for the money you
sent me, and to tell you how I (3) … (get on) in my first term at university. I (4) …
(study) very hard, but at the moment I (5) … (spend) a lot of time just making
friends. I (6) … still … (stay) with my friend Jane, and I (7) … (look) for my own
place to live. I (8) … (go) to lectures every morning and most afternoons I (9) …
(study) in the library. In fact I (10) … (write) this letter instead of going to my
phonetics class. I (11) … (think) I can spend the money you sent on some new
clothes. Winter things (12) … (cost) a lot here, and I (13) … (save) to buy a warm
coat. It (14) … (get) really cold here in the evenings. In general we (15) … (have)
quite a good time here! I (16) … also … (learn) to drive.
See you soon. Love
Ann
Exercise 3.6
Read the dialogue and fill in the gaps with the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
A: Hi, Nick. What (1) … (you/do)?
B: I (2) … (look) through some old photos. Look, here’s an old picture of Brian and
Jessica when they (3) … (get) married.
A: Oh, I (4) … (think) they (5) … (look) smart! Jessica (6) … (carry) such delicate
flowers. And Brian’s suit (7) … (fit) him so well.
B: Yes, I (8) … (agree). Jessica (9) … (seem) really happy and Brian a bit serious. I
wonder what he (10) … (think) about.
A: They (11) … (be) at that restaurant near the Opera House, (12) … (not be) they?
B: Yes, I (13) … (think) so. By the way, (14) … (Brian/have) the same job as before?
A: Not really. He (15) … (not work) for that company any more, now he (16) …
(sell) designer clothes. And this month he (17) … (work) in Paris.
B: (18) … (Jessica/have) an opportunity to travel with her husband?
A: Not now. She (19) … (expect) a baby at the moment, so she (20) … (prefer) to
stay at home.
B: I (21) … (see). And where (22) … (Brian/stay) in Paris?
A: I (23) … (not know) exactly. At a hotel probably.
13
Part IV
Practice test
4.1 Which alternative is correct?
1. Mike … away three or four times a year.
a) is usually going
b) usually goes
c) goes usually
2. I don’t understand this sentence. What … ?
a) does mean this word
b) means this word
c) does this word mean
3. How … now?
a) are you feeling
b) you are feeling
c) does you feel
4. Margaret wants to lose weight, so this week she … lunch.
a) doesn’t eats
b) doesn’t eat
c) isn’t eating
5. I’ve got a computer, but I … it much.
a) don’t use
b) not using
c) am not using
6. I must go now. It … late.
a) gets
b) is getting
c) getting
7. The Olympic Games … every four years.
a) take place
b) are taking place
c) are take place
8. … that man?
a) Are you recognizing
b) Do you recognizing c) Do you recognize
9. Bananas … in Britain.
a) doesn’t grow
b) don’t grow
c) isn’t grow
10.… many questions at a job interview?
a) Do they always ask
b) Do they ask always c) Ask they always
4.2 Open the brackets using the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1. We often (sit) for hours without saying a word.
2. Water (not exist) on the Moon.
3. Listen. Who (play) the piano? – I (think) it is Susan.
4. Ann (look) like her father.
5. (your sister/be) a student now?
6. Valerie (want) to go to university now.
7. What a beautiful dress you (wear)!
8. Your car is so clean. How often you (wash) it?
9. To tell the truth, we (not have) a very good holiday. It (rain) every day.
10.How you usually (get) to work?
14
4.3 Correct these sentences.
1. What is he doing for a living? – He sings and plays the guitar.
2. Look! A man tries to open the door of your house.
3. Skill is coming with practice.
4. Hurry up! It’s time to leave. – OK. I come.
5. It don’t rain much in summer.
6. We think of moving to the country.
7. Look at that crowd. I’m wondering what happens there.
8. Stop! Aren’t you seeing the notice?
9. Tigers never attacking people if people not attack them.
10.At the weekend I have usually a hot bath and lie on the sofa with a book.
4.4 Translate into English.
1. Эмилио никогда не смотрит телевизор.
2. У нас замечательная вечеринка. Все друзья танцуют, поют.
3. Где вы обычно проводите отпуск?
4. Ты слушаешь меня, но не слышишь, что я говорю.
5. Что ты обычно делаешь в свободное время?
6. Мне нужен паспорт? – Нет, тебе нужен только билет.
7. Его жена родом из Франции.
8. У кого есть русско-английский словарь? Я перевожу текст.
9. Мой брат изучает не историю, а иностранные языки.
10.Как ты себя чувствуешь сегодня? – Спасибо, хорошо.
15
Unit 2
Past Simple, Past Continuous and used to
Part I
Past Simple
Exercise 1.1
Write the Past Simple form of these regular verbs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
play played
cancel
clap
control
copy
6. cry
7. die
8. fail
9. finish
10.happen
11.mix
12.phone
13.plan
14.rob
15.visit
Exercise 1.2
Complete the sentences with one of these regular verbs in the Past Simple form.
call
phone
celebrate
save
enjoy
show
invite
stop
jump
want
pass
work
1. I wanted to be a teacher when I was a child.
2. We … our holiday in Spain last summer.
3. Jim … for ten hours yesterday.
4. Eric … the day before yesterday and … us to his party.
5. The police … us on our way home last night.
6. Sarah … her exams successfully last term.
7. Pall … me yesterday evening while I was having dinner.
8. The woman … me a photo of her child.
9. I … my 18th birthday in the mountains.
10.The man … into the lake and … the girl.
Exercise 1.3
Read the text and put these irregular verbs in the Past Simple.
David (1) left school in 1994 and he (2) … to university. After
university, he (3) … some problems looking for a job, but he
finally (4) … a job in 1999. He (5) … his wife, Susan two years
later and they (6) … married in 2002. They (7) … a bank loan
and (8) … a house in the country immediately after their
marriage. Susan (9) … some lovely furniture for the house, and
all the rooms (10) … nice and cosy. David (11) … absolutely
happy. He suddenly (12) … that quiet family life (13) … him as
much joy as never before.
16
leave, go
have
find, meet
get, take
buy
choose
become, feel
understand, bring
Exercise 1.4
Write the verb in the negative form to complete the sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
We worked on Friday, but we didn’t work on Saturday.
She bought some meat, but she … any vegetables.
My great grandma had four brothers, but she … any sisters.
I was in Paris in summer, but I … there in winter.
I spent a week in France, but unfortunately I … any time in Paris.
We did our homework, but we … any housework.
He brought lots of photos of himself, but he … any photos of his family.
They talked about their business, but they … about their hobbies.
It cost a lot to fly to Canada, but it … much to stay at a hotel there.
I made many friends at school, but I … any friends at university.
We were at Dave’s house, but we … at Jim’s house yesterday.
Exercise 1.5
Write the questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
My family and I went to … in 2008. Where did you go in 2008?
We travelled there by … .
We stayed in … .
We stayed there for … days.
The weather was horrible because … .
We usually had meals in … .
We did … every morning.
We made … friends.
We had great fun with … .
We phoned home every … .
We decided to … on the way home.
We were very tired because … .
Exercise 1.6
Put the verbs in the positive, negative or question form.
1. We went to the theatre, but the play wasn’t exciting. We didn’t enjoy it. (enjoy)
2. It was very cold in the room, so I … the window. (close)
3. I cut my foot yesterday evening. – How … that? (do)
4. Dominic … on time because his train was twenty minutes late. (arrive)
5. Why are you so excited? – We played tennis and I … 6-3. (win)
6. We flew to Morocco by plane. – How much … for the tickets? (pay)
7. We didn’t see the accident because it … late at night. (happen)
8. Yesterday morning he … on time and … breakfast. (wake up, miss)
9. Columbus … America. – When … it? (discover, be)
10.When Gary … in the mountains, he … his way. – Who … him? (be, lose, save)
11.How long … in hospital? – Not a day. I … an operation. (spend, need)
17
Exercise 1.7
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
1. She (spend) her holiday alone last summer? Did she spend
2. Where you (be) born?
3. When you (start) school?
4. It (not be) difficult for me to learn to read.
5. How many schools you (go) to?
6. What your favourite subject (be)?
7. My brother and I (not be) in the same school.
8. You (know) English when you (be) eighteen?
9. Where you (live) when you (be) a child? – I (not live) in a big house.
10.Why you (not be) at Jack’s party? – He (not tell) me about it.
11.The weather (be) nice yesterday?
12.You (be) tired yesterday evening?
13.They (travel) abroad last month or they (be) in their home town?
14.What you (do) while you (be) in Spain?
Part II
Past Continuous
Exercise 2.1
Denis did a lot of things last Saturday. Look at the pictures and complete the
sentences.
1.00 – 1.30
4.30 – 5.30
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2.00 – 2.30
6.00 – 7.00
3.00 – 4.00
8.00 – 9.00
At 1.10 p.m. Denis was watching TV .
At 2.20 … .
At 3.45 … .
At 5.00 … .
At 6.30 … .
At 8.15 … .
18
Exercise 2.2
Look at the picture. You saw Ann yesterday afternoon. Write positive and negative
sentences about what she was doing at that moment.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
sit on the grass
She was sitting on the grass.
fish
talk on the mobile phone
wear high boots
wear a hat
carry a bag
look at the water
eat ice-cream
Exercise 2.3
Complete the questions. Use Past Continuous + what, where, why if necessary.
Match the questions with the correct answers.
(you / stay) … last weekend?
(you / do) … last Sunday night?
(it / get dark) … when you returned home?
(he / climb a tree) … when they noticed him?
(he / drive fast) … when the accident
happened?
6. (she / dream about) … while she was sleeping?
7. (he / go) … when he met his aunt?
8. (they / jog) … when they saw him?
9. (you / make so much noise) … when your
neighbours called the police?
10.(you / speak so loudly) … when I saw you?
11.(strong wind / blow) … when you went out?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
Yes, it was about 9 p.m.
Yes, too fast.
I was at a party.
Yes, he was picking apples
in the tree.
At my friend’s.
About her future husband.
No, they were riding bikes.
Yes, we were listening to
loud music at night.
He was going to the station.
Yes, and it was very cold.
Because I was a bit angry.
1. Where were you staying last weekend? – At my friend’s.
19
Part III
Past Simple and Past Continuous
Exercise 3.1
Choose the correct form of the verb.
1.
2.
3.
4.
They decided / were deciding to go abroad last year.
I worked / was working on my project when I had / was having a brilliant idea.
When the guests arrived / were arriving, she still cooked / was still cooking dinner.
When his car broke down / was breaking down, he phoned / was phoning the
garage.
5. Kate showed / was showing me her photos, and then went / was going to the
kitchen for some drinks.
6. Did you hear / Were you hearing the wind? It blew / was blowing very strongly.
7. They didn’t need / weren’t needing our help yesterday.
8. I thought / was thinking he was right.
9. Someone knocked / was knocking at the door while I had / was having a shower.
10. At five o’clock this morning I had / was having a wonderful dream, but then the
alarm went off / was going off.
11. I didn’t understand / wasn’t understanding what went on / was going on. Several
people shouted / were shouting at me at the same time.
12. Was Val busy when you came / were coming to see her? – Yes, she helped / was
helping her son with his homework.
Exercise 3.2
Make sentences using the Past Simple or Past Continuous + when or while.
I (stand) near the road – the accident (happen)
I was standing near the road when the accident happened.
2. We (wait) at the bus stop – we (see) the car
3. Jack (listen) to his car radio – he (drive) home
4. He (hear) about the accident – he (listen) to the news
5. Two men (cross) on a red light – the car (hit) them
6. The driver (not stop) – he (see) the men
7. It (rain) – Jack (drive) to the police station
8. He (think) about his article in the newspaper – he (talk) to the police officer
9. It (stop) raining – Jack (drive) back home
10. A TV programme about road accidents (begin) – Jack (write) his article
1.
20
Exercise 3.3
Give short answers to the following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Did you have a nice holiday last year?
Were they travelling by boat when you saw them?
Was the party great last Saturday?
Did Mike tell you a funny joke?
Did you go to the bank yesterday morning?
Weren’t they waiting for you?
Yes, I did.
No, … .
Yes, … .
Yes, … .
No, … .
No, … .
Exercise 3.4
Put the verbs in the correct form, Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. Gary (break) his leg last month. It (happen) when he (climb) a mountain. He (fall)
off a rock.
2. The plane (land) at the airport, and Katie (get off). Her parents (wait) to meet her.
3. Sarah and Bill (have) a party when I (come) to see them. The guests (dance) and
(drink) champagne. They (ask) me to join them.
4. What you (do) when they (cut) off the electricity? – I (work) on my computer.
5. What time the noise (wake) you up? – It (start) while I still (sleep).
6. Was Brian at university today? – No, he (not go) to university. He is ill.
7. How high the plane (fly) when it (hit) the rock? – It (not fly) very high.
8. Your neighbour (borrow) any money from you yesterday? – No, he was busy, so
he (not come).
9. How Newton (discover) the law of gravity? – He (sit) under a tree, and an apple
(fall) on his head.
10.You (meet) Pete last night? – Yes, he (walk) his dog in the park.
11.What you (do) at 9 o’clock this morning? – I (water) the flowers.
12.The police (put) cameras on all the houses and (catch) the robber the next week.
Exercise 3.5
Read the text and put the verbs in the correct form.
Last Saturday I (1) .. (invite) my parents for dinner. I (2) … (decide) to make
some delicious things, including grilled pork sausages. At about 5 o’clock I (3) …
(cook) in the kitchen. My favourite CD (4) … (play) in the living room and my dog
Jumpy (5) … (sleep) there quietly. Then the door bell (6) … (ring), so I (7) … (go) to
open the door. When I (8) … (come) back, I (9) … (not can) see any grilled sausages.
They (10) … (not be) on the table. Jumpy? I (11) … (go) to the living room. Jumpy
(12) … (sit) under the chair and he (13) … (eat) my sausages! He (14) … (enjoy) the
sausages so much that he (15) … (not hear) me. As he (16) … (not look) in my
direction, I (17) … (take) a newspaper and (18) … (start) to walk up to him very
quietly. I (19) … (want) to hit him with the newspaper, but at the last moment Jumpy
(20) … (see) me, (21) … (catch) the sausages and (22) … (escape) under the sofa. I
(23) … (return) to the kitchen to cook some chicken.
21
Exercise 3.6
Read the dialogue and use the correct form of the verbs, Past Simple or Past
Continuous.
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
I (1) … (lose) my house keys last night and (2) … (not want) to disturb my
parents.
How (3) … (you/get) into the house?
I (4) … (climb) in through a window.
(5) … (you/frighten) your parents?
Sure. While I (6) … (enter) the house through the window they (7) … (think) it
(8) … (be) a thief.
How (9) … (they/recognize) you?
Fortunately, I (10) … (manage) to switch on the light and they (11) … (see)
my face.
(12) … (they/be) angry? (13) … (they/forgive) you for that?
Yes, and they even (14) … (not punish) me. They only (15) … (ask) me never
to do such things again.
Part IV
used to
Exercise 4.1
Match a line in A with a line in B and complete the sentences from B.
1. When I was young, I went to the
swimming-pool very often.
2. In my childhood I liked cakes, chocolate
and sweets very much.
3. Jane always gave me good advice.
4. She was very fit when she was young.
5. Many years ago we didn’t go by car.
6. In his youth he enjoyed going to the
disco.
7. When she was young, she couldn’t save
money at all.
8. In my 20s I wasn’t very sociable.
22
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
… … a sweet-eater.
… … very well.
… … ice-skating.
… … my best friend.
… … by public transport.
… … everything in the shops.
I used to swim very well.
… … at home most of the time.
Exercise 4.2
Write sentences with used to which show how things were different before.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
My home town looks very modern.
There are so many stadiums.
The streets are very clean.
There are a lot of car parks.
The air isn’t very clean.
The shops are very expensive.
The people always hurry.
They wear fashionable clothes.
It used to look old.
There didn’t use to be many of them.
Exercise 4.3
Write these sentences putting one verb in the form of used to and the other verb in the
Past Simple form.
1. He (play) table-tennis, but he (give) it up five years ago.
He used to play table-tennis, but he gave it up five years ago.
2. He (live) in Minsk before he (go) abroad.
3. She (not like) her job at first, but then she (change) her mind.
4. He (earn) a lot, but he (retire) two years ago.
5. Before she (start) her own business, she (be) a teacher.
6. You (travel) a lot before you (find) this job?
7. This road (be) dangerous, but then they (build) a bridge and it (become) safe.
8. Before we (move) to the city, we (have) a wonderful garden in the country.
9. My father (buy) a tent in 1995, and we (go) camping for many years.
10.Australia (be) the colony of Great Britain until it (become) independent.
11.We (start) chatting on the Internet last year. Before that we (talk) on the phone.
12.Jim’s parents (give) him some pocket money before he (find) a job.
Exercise 4.4
Put the verb in brackets in the Past Simple, the Past Continuous or used to.
It (1) … (be) midnight and Fred (2) … (be) alone in the house. Outside it (3) …
(rain) heavily. Fred (4) … (get) ready to go to bed when he suddenly (5) … (hear) a
strange noise outside his room in the corridor. Neighbours? But they never (6)…
(make) any noise before. When he (7) … (look) at the door, he (8) … (notice) that
someone (9) … (turn) the handle. Fred (10) … (rush) over to the door and very
quickly (11) … (turn) the key in the lock. Then he (12) … (ask) in a trembling voice,
“Who is it?”
23
Part V
Practice test
5.1 Which alternative is correct?
It was a boring day. I … anything.
a) didn’t
b) wasn’t do
c) didn’t do
2. … your own house when you were living in Sweden?
a) Had you
b) Did you have
c) Were you having
3. It … snowing for a while, then again it began to snow heavily.
a) was stopping
b) was stopped
c) stopped
4. I heard someone call my name while I … the door.
a) opened
b) was opening
c) was opened
5. One day last October, I … a very strange letter.
a) did get
b) got
c) used to get
6. Miranda … in Australia before her parents moved there.
a) never lived
b) did never lived
c) didn’t never lived
7. I … my leg while running down the hill.
a) hurted
b) was hurting
c) hurt
8. Rick didn’t hear the door bell. He … to music in his headphones.
a) listened
b) was listened
c) was listening
9. Where … when I called you last night?
a) did you be
b) was you be
c) were you
10. Simon left work early because he … a headache.
a) was having
b) was have
c) had
1.
5.2 Open the brackets using the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I (say) hello to him, but he (not hear).
My German (improve) a lot after I (live) in Germany for six months.
The woman (talk) on her mobile while she (drive) her car.
She (not look) at the road when the lights (turn) red.
We (not be) on the road when the accident (happen).
How long he (be) Prime Minister?
I (choose) that college because my best friend (study) there at that time.
It (rain) and I (sit) comfortably on the sofa with a book.
When I was in the shop, I (see) a pair of jeans that (not cost) too much.
I (not do) my test, so I (decide) not to go to university.
24
5.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
Do you know exactly where you was born?
I was turn round and saw Jim.
The cows in Holland are famous for good milk and meat. People even builded a
monument to a cow.
4. How often did Alice cleaned her room when she was living with her parents?
5. Why didn’t they be very happy when they were married?
6. I entered the bank and saw that two people talked with the teller.
7. They understood that they didn’t can control their child any more.
8. The city looked very crowded when we visitted it.
9. I tried to speak to the child who was crying and I was giving him a toy.
10. It was 5 o’clock in the evening and Meg waited for her husband.
5.4 Translate into English.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Почему ты вчера проснулся так рано?
Что вы делали вчера вечером, когда я пыталась дозвониться вам?
Ты был на дне рождения у Марка на прошлой неделе?
Он рассказал мне свою историю и потребовал моей помощи.
Было 10 утра. Я готовился к экзаменам.
Мы поймали кота, когда он нес рыбу к двери.
Пока Том звонил в полицию, я утешала его жену.
Я не могла прийти к тебе, потому что мы переезжали в новую квартиру.
Я думал, что твои друзья знали о нашем разговоре.
Женщина улыбалась, когда она смотрела на свои старые фотографии.
25
Unit 3
Some, any, no, every and their compounds
Much, many, a lot (of), little, a little, few, a few
Part I
Some, any , no, every and their compounds
Exercise 1.1
Choose the correct item.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
There are some/any books on my desk.
I need some/any more time.
There is hardly some/any milk in the fridge.
Would you like any/some soup?
Where can I sit down? – You can take some/any seat you like.
We need some/any eggs, but we don’t need some/any sugar.
Could you pass me any/some cake, please?
She has any/some tea and cake, but she doesn’t have some/any sandwiches
during the break.
I’d like any/some bread, please.
There are some/any pictures on the wall.
Can I have any/some mineral water, please?
There are some/any forks and spoons, but there aren’t no/any knives here.
Would you like to look at any/some pictures of our family?
Exercise 1.2
A. Write these sentences again with any.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
We’ve got no questions.
There’s no snow outside.
There were no guests in the house.
Alice had no make-up on her face.
The boy has got no pocket money.
We haven’t got any questions.
B. Write these sentences again with no.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
She hasn’t got any friends here.
There aren’t any policemen near the house.
Clara hasn’t got any hobbies.
There isn’t any information for you.
He didn’t have any explanation.
26
She’s got no friends here.
Exercise 1.3
Fill in some, any, no + one of these words.
answer
furniture
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
breakfast cash
food
letters
money (2) shampoo
film
shops
friends
tea
I want to wash my hair, but there isn’t any shampoo in the bathroom.
The house has got … in it. It’s empty.
After lunch I asked the waiter for … .
Could you lend me … ? – I have … in my wallet, but I have … in the bank.
I’m going to the post office. Have you got … to post?
I need to book a hotel in Germany as I haven’t got … who could put me up there.
There are … in my village, just a post office and a pub.
Julia never has … in the morning. She isn’t hungry.
There is … in the fridge. What are we going to eat?
What film would you like to watch? – Let’s watch … you’ve got. I don’t care.
I phoned you yesterday but there was … .
Exercise 1.4
A. Make the following sentences negative in two ways.
There isn’t anything in the bowl.
There is nothing in the bowl.
1.
There is something in the bowl.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
She will go somewhere tomorrow.
There is something new in this theory.
I saw somebody talking to Jane.
John went somewhere cold on holiday.
There was someone in the kitchen.
B. Give positive answers to the questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Are you doing anything special tonight?
Yes, I’m doing something.
Do you know anybody who can speak Hindi?
Does he live anywhere near the supermarket?
Would you like something to eat?
Did you see anyone famous at the conference?
Did anybody help him with the car?
27
Exercise 1.5
Complete the sentences. Use some or any but don’t repeat the noun.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Ann didn’t make any mistakes but I made some. (I/make)
Where’s your baggage? – … . (I/not/have)
Do you need any paper? – No, thank you. … . (I/have)
Could you lend me some wine glasses? – I’m sorry but … . (I/not/have)
The fish in the shop didn’t look very fresh, so … . (I/not/buy)
There were some nice tomatoes in the shop, so … . (I/buy)
Lily didn’t have any money, so … . (I/give her)
Exercise 1.6
Fill in some, any + thing, body or one.
I heard a noise, but my father didn’t hear anything.
… left a book in the classroom. It’s on the table.
He doesn’t know … about this exotic country.
I’m hungry. I didn’t have … to eat all day.
… took my dictionary. I don’t know who it was.
There’s … at the door. I’ll open it.
Please, don’t say … to my father.
Has … in the group got a dictionary?
I saw … at the theatre who looks like you.
Please, give me … warm. It’s cold here.
Is there … you want to offer me? – Yes, I want to offer you … that will make
you happy.
12. It’s your birthday, not mine. So you can invite … you like.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Exercise 1.7
Choose the correct item.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
There is anything/nothing in the cupboard. We have to go to the supermarket.
I can’t see my bicycle anywhere/nowhere.
The question was very difficult. Anyone/No one could answer it.
I like the people here. Somebody/Everybody is friendly.
Dick’s house is full of books. They’re somewhere/everywhere.
I’ve got anywhere/nowhere to sleep tonight.
Did you go anywhere/somewhere on Sunday? – No, I went anywhere/nowhere.
We can start the lesson. Somebody/Everybody is here.
They asked him about the journey but he said anything/nothing.
Do you know somebody/anybody here? – No, anyone/no one.
She put my pen anywhere/somewhere again. I can’t find it anywhere/nowhere.
Don’t worry. The children are somewhere/anywhere in the garden.
Somebody/Everybody who arrives in Paris is charmed by its beauty.
Anything/Nothing interests Tom more than computers.
28
Exercise 1.8
Fill in some, any, no, every + thing, body/one, where.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
I want to go somewhere interesting on holiday, to India for example.
Dave can’t find his CD player … .
The pudding was so tasty that … liked it.
I looked for my watch … but didn’t find it.
Did you buy …. in Gucci shop? – No, I bought … . It’s a very expensive shop.
There is … in the white box. I wonder what it is.
In this small town … knows everything.
There is … in the room. All the students went home.
He eats … in the evening. He’s losing weight.
I hope … enjoyed the concert. It was great.
Harry never travelled … abroad.
In spring there are flowers … .
He decided to do the work himself, so he didn’t ask … for help.
How much did you pay for these books? – I didn’t pay … . They’re a present
from my aunt.
15. Alan wrote a letter to … . I think to his girlfriend.
Exercise 1.9
Complete the sentences with one necessary word.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
What would you like for dinner? – Something delicious.
When Jill decided to sell her car, she phoned round her friends but … wanted to
buy it.
Did … from your office give you birthday presents?
When my rich uncle died, he didn’t leave … to us.
I know … who is afraid of cats!
Nick never uses his car. He goes … by motor-bike.
I’ve got a lot of clothes but … matches this bag!
… needs friends.
What would you like for your birthday? – You can give me … you can think of.
I like all your presents.
Chris can help you. He knows … about computers.
I don’t like cold weather. I want to live … warm.
I’m looking for my dog. I can’t find her … .
David has a bad memory. He can’t remember … .
Would you like … to drink? – Yes, please. I’d like … refreshing.
Where would you like to go tonight? – We can go … you like. Just spend this
evening with me.
29
Exercise 1.10
Fill in each space in the text with a suitable word. Use some, any, no, every or their
compounds.
The school trip is the day after tomorrow, and I want to tell (1) … about a few
things. I hope there isn’t (2) … who is always late and who can miss the bus. Last
year (3) … students didn’t go on the trip because they arrived late. There is hardly (4)
… space left on the bus, so remember to put your backpacks in the boot. (5) … can
smoke on the bus. I recommend (6) … to put on light clothes. The fortress is (7) … in
the south of the country. After we arrive, we’ll have a 20-minute walk, so wear (8) …
comfortable on your feet. On the bus I don’t want to hear (9) … loud music. If you
want to know (10) … about the fortress and its history, there will be (11) … at the
entrance to show us around and answer (12) … questions. After that (13) … talking is
possible during the museum tour. The town is small, so there is (14) … to have lunch
for a large group of tourists. I advise (15) … to take (16) … home-made food so that
(17) … feels hungry on the way home. Does (18) … have (19)… questions?
Part II
Much, many, a lot (of), few, a few, little, a little
Exercise 2.1
Fill in much or many.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
There aren’t many shops in my village.
We didn’t buy … food.
Have we got … petrol?
There weren’t … people on the bus.
… students passed the exam easily.
I can’t go on holiday. I haven’t got so … money.
George didn’t visit his home town for … years.
Exercise 2.2
Write questions with How much or How many.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I need some eggs.
How many eggs do you need?
I bought some bread in the shop.
They have a lot of children.
We need some wine for the party.
He borrowed some money from me.
There are some trees in the garden.
She had a lot of jobs.
We did a lot of work yesterday.
We discussed some problems during the meeting.
I’ve got some free time in the evening.
30
Exercise 2.3
Complete the sentences with much or many and one of these words.
accidents
mistakes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
books
things
countries
time
fun
times
information luggage
traffic
work
Do you read much? Have you got many books?
Quick or we’ll miss the bus! We haven’t got … left.
I didn’t travel a lot when I was young. I didn’t go to … .
We don’t have … . Only two bags.
Did you enjoy the party? Did you have … ?
When Tina was a child, she went to the seaside … .
I enjoyed listening to my granddad. He told me … interesting … about his life.
It didn’t take us long to drive here. There wasn’t … .
Is this road dangerous? Are there … ?
I’m sorry. I can’t give you … about the town.
Do you do … about the house? – Yes, but I don’t mind.
It was an easy test. I didn’t make … .
Exercise 2.4
Fill in much, many or a lot of.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
There aren’t many birds in the tree.
There’s … sugar in your cake.
John spent … money on his new camera.
Have you got … oil in the bottle?
She didn’t invite … relatives to her wedding.
Small children usually ask … questions.
Did you have … snow last winter?
Look! There’s … snow outside!
Do you know … about Great Britain?
Do we need … potatoes for this dish? – No, only five or six.
Exercise 2.5
Write sentences about these people. Use much or a lot.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Karen loves books. (read)
She reads a lot.
Jim is a good football player. (play football)
Diane is a very quiet person. (talk)
Ella thinks radio is boring. (listen to the radio)
Rick visited many countries of the world. (travel)
Alan uses his car every day. (drive)
I like spending time at home. (go out)
These dogs aren’t very noisy. (sleep)
We didn’t have a cheap holiday. (cost)
These jeans aren’t expensive. (cost)
31
Exercise 2.6
Complete the sentences with a little or a few + one of these words.
air
questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
people
stories
pictures
sugar
presents
time
practice
words
There is a little time left. You can have five minutes more to finish the test.
I took … at the exhibition. I’ll show them to you if you like.
… stood up and left the concert. It wasn’t interesting at all.
I enjoy walking. I always need … fresh … after a day in the office.
Can I have … in my tea, please?
Pat is a very interesting person. My sister told me … about her.
Will is a writer. He wrote a novel and … .
Where did you learn Spanish? – I had … while I was staying in Madrid.
On my birthday I got … from my colleagues.
The interviewer asked me … about my family and hobbies.
Exercise 2.7
Put in little or few + one of these words.
chairs
people
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
fish
places
furniture
sunshine
hotels
time
mistakes
work
I eat little fish. I don’t like it.
Your German is very good. You make … .
I wouldn’t like to go there on holiday. There is … and it’s windy.
Linda hasn’t got any hobbies. She has … free … .
This town isn’t popular with tourists. There are … here.
Brian is a bit lazy. He does … in the office.
Not all the guests could sit down. There were … .
The flat wasn’t very comfortable. There was … .
The night-life here isn’t very exciting. There are … to go.
This musician isn’t very popular. … come to his concerts.
Exercise 2.8
Put in little, a little, few, a few.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
He isn’t very popular. He has few friends.
I have … friends in London who will help me.
My leg still hurts … . I’m going to the doctor tonight.
Would you like more pizza? – Just … , thanks.
We’ve got … milk. Could you go to the shop and buy some?
We spent only … days at the seaside. The weather was bad, so we returned home.
He thought … minutes and then started speaking.
Did you need an interpreter in Turkey? – No, my wife speaks … Turkish.
32
9. I have … homework to do tonight, so we can go to the cinema in the evening.
10. The train service isn’t very good in winter – there are … trains in December and
January.
11. Ben would like to practise his French more but he has … opportunity.
12. Are you ready for your exam? – Yes, but I still need … luck.
13. There were … passengers on the train – it was nearly empty.
14. Mum, come and play with us! – Not now, dear. I’ve got … things to do.
15. I didn’t know how to solve the problem, but then I had … ideas.
Exercise 2.9
Fill in each space in the dialogue with a suitable word. Use much, many, a lot (of),
little, a little, few, a few.
Interviewer: Patricia, why weren’t you happy in your job?
Patricia:
I didn’t earn (1) … money though I had (2) … responsibilities. I think
very (3) … companies pay their workers so (4) … money for so (5) …
hard work.
Interviewer: Did you try to find another job?
Patricia:
Yes, I sent (6) … letters to other companies, but there were very (7) …
jobs and too (8) … people who wanted to get them.
Interviewer: So you decided to start your own business, didn’t you?
Patricia:
Yes, I had (9) … hope of finding anything better.
Interviewer: And what do you do now?
Patricia:
(10) … months later I opened a small cafй which I still run together with
my husband.
Interviewer: So how is it going?
Patricia:
At the moment we’re a bit worried as very (11) … people are coming to
eat here. (12) … came in last night, but they ordered very (13) … food –
just (14) … sandwiches and (15) … coffee.
Interviewer: It seems that very (16) … people can afford to eat out these days because
they’ve got very (17) … money to spare. Am I right?
Patricia:
Probably. We don’t think our business will be really good for (18) …
years. That’s why we’re thinking of borrowing (19) … money from the
bank to keep us going.
Interviewer: Well, good luck to you and don’t give up!
Patricia:
Thanks.
33
Part III
Practice test
3.1 Which alternative is correct?
There are … modern buildings in the city.
a) much
b) a little
c) a lot of
2. Can I have … ketchup, please?
a) a few
b) a little
c) little
3. How … pine-apples are there on the dish?
a) many
b) a few
c) much
4. There are … monkeys at the zoo.
a) much
b) a few
c) a little
5. Hurry up! We have … time left.
a) a little
b) little
c) few
6. These cups are beautiful. Which can I take? – You can take … you like.
a) any
b) something
c) nothing
7. … told us that it was Ann’s birthday.
a) Any
b) Anybody
c) No one
8. We stayed at the airport because we didn’t have … to stay that night.
a) nowhere
b) anywhere
c) anything
9. When we came, … was ready for the party.
a) everywhere
b) everything
c) anyone
10. I bought … clothes there because they were all very expensive.
a) any
b) no
c) every
1.
3.2 Fill in the gap with one suitable word.
We don’t know his address but we know he lives … near the supermarket.
I didn’t understand … word of his lecture, but I understood his general idea.
… answered the phone, but I didn’t understand who it was.
Look! What’s that? – Where? I see … at all.
Where did you go on holiday? – … . We stayed at home.
How … gold does the country export?
Do you often watch films? – Yes, very often. I go to the cinema a … .
The teacher was angry because … students did the homework, only two or three.
The students were happy because the teacher gave them … homework, only one
exercise.
10. We walked so … on that day that I felt really tired.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
34
3.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Take anything newspaper you like.
There is anything wrong with my mobile phone.
We bought anything because all the shops were closed.
I didn’t take some money with me and I couldn’t buy nothing.
When I came to the party, everybody were already in the living room.
I don’t like too many butter on my bread.
Your test is good. You’ve made little mistakes.
How many money do you need? – Not many. Just a little dollars.
We got few information about the course.
My country grows a lots of vegetables, including sweet pepper.
3.4 Translate into English.
Вы не могли бы подождать несколько минут?
Я немного говорю по-английски.
Вы делаете слишком много ошибок. Подумайте немного.
Вы много читаете? – Нет, сейчас я читаю мало, потому что у меня очень
мало свободного времени.
5. У него мало друзей в университете.
6. Ты много заплатила за туфли? – Очень много, 300 фунтов.
7. Хотите немного фруктов?
8. Я посмотрела везде, но не нашла свою шляпу.
9. Когда мы подошли к реке, никто не плавал и не загорал.
10. Вы можете спросить кого угодно, все знают этого человека.
1.
2.
3.
4.
35
Unit 4
The Article
Part I
The indefinite article
Exercise 1.1
Put in a/an if necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
I had a sandwich, read a book and listened to – music.
I’d like to ask you … question. Is there … hotel near here? I’m … tourist.
Tom never wears … jacket, he only wears … jeans and … T-shirt.
Jamaica is … island with … beautiful views and … wonderful hotels.
Amy never eats … meat, she eats only … vegetables and … bread.
Ben is … tall young man with … brown eyes and … short black hair.
We live in … small house, but there’s … nice garden with … beautiful flowers.
I can use … computer and I speak … foreign languages, but I wouldn’t like to
work in … office.
Did you send me … letter when you were in Greece? – No, I don’t like writing
… letters, I prefer … E-mails.
Look! There’s … woman at the bus stop and she’s carrying … bag with … dog in it!
… cows eat … grass and drink … water.
My mum says it’s unhealthy to eat … hamburgers and … fries all the time.
There was … cafй near my house some time ago, and now there is … disco.
My brother says … students always feel nervous before … exam.
Exercise 1.2
Use the words given to answer the questions. Use a/an or some in your answers.
1. What is there on the table? – salt, spoon, knife, milk, egg
There’s some salt, a spoon, a jug, some milk and an egg on the table.
2. What have you got in your bag? – toothpaste, toothbrush, purse, money, credit
card
3. What did you buy in the shops? – hat, pair of shoes, perfume, pen, CDs
4. What do you want to buy at the post office? – newspaper, postcards, stamps,
magazine, envelope
5. What would you like for breakfast? – coffee, white bread, butter, piece of cake,
chocolate
6. What presents did you get for your birthday? – flowers, CD, cookery book,
dictionary, camera
7. What did you visit on holiday? – museum, gallery, shops, old castle, farm.
36
Exercise 1.3
Compete the sentences with a/an, some or any.
1. Is there a telephone here? I need to make a call.
2. There aren’t … pets in my parents’ house.
3. There are … people at the door. They want to ask us … questions about the house.
4. I bought … ice-cream, … cake and … lemonade for the party.
5. Mum, I need … money because I want to buy … new CDs and … new school bag.
6. We went to … party yesterday. We talked to … interesting people there.
7. They wanted … information about the town and asked … policeman to help them.
8. I’ve got … good idea. Let’s buy … wood and make … shelf.
9. I don’t know … people who can help you with your car.
10.He worked for … rich company and he told me … facts about it.
11.My sister is … designer, she already made … fashionable clothes.
12.I had … feeling that I knew … guests at the party.
Exercise 1.4
Use a/an where necessary.
My granddad worked as … farmer, but then he became … factory worker.
Why did you buy such … expensive jacket?
What … delicious jam your grandma makes!
Henry has quite … interesting job, and he goes on such … exciting trips!
My mum is … journalist and my dad is … architect.
We usually have … breakfast in the kitchen, but we have … lunch in the dining room.
The woman collected … thousand postcards during her life.
I go to see my parents three or four times … year.
What time is … dinner? – Let’s go for … walk after … lunch, and then I’ll start
cooking … dinner.
10.I like having … light breakfast and … big tasty dinner.
11.He earned Ј2,000 … month when he worked for that company.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Exercise 1.5
Choose the correct form, with or without a/an.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
We are going to buy new furniture / a new furniture.
Kyle is born leader / a born leader, so we chose him to manage our team.
Thank you, you gave me very good advice / a very good advice.
Studying at university is hard work / a hard work.
The jumper was made from soft pink wool / a soft pink wool.
We laughed a lot and had great fun / a great fun.
She looked like on the pages of fashion magazine / a fashion magazine.
I always wear warm clothes/ a warm clothes in cold weather / a cold weather.
Many people now use credit cards / a credit cards instead of paper money / a
paper money.
37
10.She made great progress / a great progress in her English last year.
11.He drank a glass of sweet red wine / a sweet red wine after dinner.
12.My grandma is eighty years old, but she’s still in good health / a good health.
13. We learnt very important information / a very important information from her letter.
14.I like having tea with delicious orange marmalade/a delicious orange marmalade.
15.It was bad luck / a bad luck that he fell down and broke his leg.
16.I’ve passed all my exams! – It’s very good news/a very good news!
Part II
The definite article
Exercise 2.1
Whish is right?
1. I like this cafй. Food/The food is really delicious.
2. My sister doesn’t go to parties/the parties very often.
3. I went shopping on Monday morning. Shops/The shops were almost empty.
4. Where’s cake/the cake?— I ate it all for lunch .
5. I always have cake/the cake for breakfast.
6. Nowadays most people have computers/the computers in their homes.
7. Don’t switch off computers/the computers! You’re going to do a test now.
8. We went swimming in the lake. Water/The water was quite warm.
9. Don’t go swimming in cold water/the cold water. It’s bad for you.
10.Excuse me, could you pass me sugar/the sugar, please?
11.I like my new job. I like people/the people in my office.
12. Where are children/the children? – They’re playing with their aunt.
13.Children/The children need care and attention form their parents.
14.I liked that opera, but I didn’t understand words/the words.
15.Actions speak louder than words/the words.
16.My sister loves flowers/the flowers. She grows them in her garden.
17.They have a wonderful garden. Flowers/The flowers are so beautiful!
Exercise 2.2
Put in a/an or the.
They bought … cooker and … fridge, but … cooker didn’t work.
… man and two women were sitting in the car. I think … man was French.
We didn’t enjoy our holiday. … hotel was cheap but uncomfortable.
… car is really dirty. I’m going to clean it tomorrow.
Carl and Cindy have got two children, … boy and … girl. … boy is eight years
old and … girl is two. Carl works in … bank. Cindy doesn’t have … job now.
6. I like their house, but I don’t like … colour of … walls.
7. I turned off … music because I was tired and wanted to have … quiet evening.
8. What is … name of … company that you wanted to work for?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
38
9. Daisy is … student. After she graduates, she wants to work as … interpreter. She
lives with … friend in … flat near … university where she’s studying. … flat is
quite large and comfortable.
10.I asked him to repeat … question because I didn’t understand it very well.
11. Josh gave me … expensive watch for my birthday. – Really? I never wear … watch.
12.I wanted to make … call, but … phone was broken.
13.We met … family who invited us to their house and told us a lot about … city.
Exercise 2.3
Put in the where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is correct.
1. It’s so hot in here. Could you open window, please?
the window
2. There are many photographs of our family on wall in bedroom.
3. My favourite subject is geography, but I’m not very good at history.
4. Minsk is capital of my country.
5. Where is remote control? I can’t see it. – It’s near television.
6. When I was flying to Madrid, flight attendant gave me some brochures about city.
7. My soup was cold, so I called manager and complained about it.
8. Kangaroo lives in Australia.
9. Telescope helps astronomers to watch sky.
10.Man brought many changes to nature.
11.We went to see Browns on Saturday, they invited us for dinner.
12.My children didn’t go out because weather was very cold.
13.I like swimming and sunbathing in hot weather.
14.Is there a hotel near here? – Take second turning left and stop at third building.
15.Who is tallest in your class?
Exercise 2.4
Complete the sentences with these words. Use the if necessary.
French
sea
moon
south
Mr Brown
space
nature
Times
New Year
town
1. Jim’s parents lived in the south of Brazil for some years.
2. I last swam in … when I was on holiday two years ago.
3. There is an interesting text about Britain on … .
4. Do you read newspapers? – Yes, I always buy … .
5. What foreign language did you study at school? – I studied … .
6. My favourite holiday is … . – I like it too.
7. Let’s meet in … next week. – All right, we can go to a cafй and chat.
8. I always feel excited when I see the beauty of … .
9. The light of … helped me to see their house.
10.My son wants to be an astronaut and fly to … .
11.Is it true that your brother can play …?
12.Who is your business partner in Britain? – I do business with … .
39
page 20
violin
Exercise 2.5
Read the sentences and use a/an or the if necessary. If not, write OK.
1. I saw nice hat on top shelf and decided to buy it. a nice hat, on the top shelf
2. Excuse me, is there Internet cafй near here? – Take next turning right.
3. What are you doing next Saturday? – I’m going to surf Internet.
4. We’re going to have lunch with our parents next weekend.
5. Are you youngest in your class? – No, Emma is only student who is younger.
6. I was taking my exam in Room 5, in same room with Dave and Jill.
7. Last task was very difficult, nobody could give right answer.
8. It usually takes me hour to go to capital by train. Last week train was late.
9. His house is in same street as my house, on left side.
10.Unfortunately, he gave me wrong address and I couldn’t find him until last year.
11.It’s not easy to make right decision, main thing is to think carefully.
12.Only problem that we had was to find place to live.
Part III
Special cases
Exercise 3.1
Answer the questions using the words on the right. Use the where necessary.
1. Where did Sarah go when she fell ill?
She went to the doctor.
2. Who did your neighbours call when someone broke into their flat?
3. Where does Robert study?
4. Where did you go when you wanted to travel to Poland by train?
5. Where does Tanya go every Sunday morning?
6. Where did Rick go to meet his mum who was flying by plane?
7. Where did Wendy and Ella go to see a new film?
8. Where did Ian stay for two weeks when he had an operation?
9. Where do your parents go every day?
10.Where do you go if you have a toothache?
11.Where did Mark stay for two days when he was ill?
12.Where do you go if you need to exchange some money?
airport
bank
bed
church
cinema
dentist
doctor
hospital
police
station
university
work
Exercise 3.2
Put in the where necessary. Write OK if the sentences is complete.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
When did you last go to cinema?
to the cinema
Laura finishes work at 6 every day.
Can I come and see you at 4? – Sorry. I’m going to doctor at that time.
Now I study at university and I’m enjoying the course.
I recommend you to stay in bed for one or two days.
40
6. I have to go or I’ll be late for work.
7. He got interested in history when he was at college.
8. They’ve got no money in bank.
9. What time do the kids usually get home from school?
10.Let’s meet at station an hour before the train.
11.My friend is in hospital. I’m going there to see him.
12.Both their children are at university.
13.Would you like to go to theatre tonight?
14.I’m going to post office to buy some stamps.
Exercise 3.3
Choose a word from the list to complete the story. Use the if necessary.
bank
bed
hairdresser
home
hospital
post office
school
theatre
work
Ella had a very busy day yesterday. At 7a.m. she was still in (1) bed when her
boss phoned and asked her to go to (2) … to get an important letter from Austria.
When Ella wanted to pay for the letter, she found that she had no money and went to
(3) … to get some. While she was there, she met her old friend Violet who looked
really worried. Violet was taking her children to (4) … when suddenly her son Matt
felt very ill. Ella offered to take Matt to (5) … in her car as it was near her office.
Unfortunately, she was late for (6) … , so her boss got angry.
At the end of the day Ella remembered that she and her boyfriend were going to
(7) … that evening. Ella decided to go to (8) … first, as she wanted to look beautiful.
Late at night when she was finally at (9) … , Ella fell on the sofa and crashed out.
Exercise 3.4
Complete the sentences with other, another or the other.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
There are no more vacant seats. We need another chair.
Some people like horror films but … people hate them.
Mary finds it hard to communicate with … children of the class.
Do you believe that there’s life on … planets?
We asked ten students. Four of them didn’t know the answer but ... students knew it.
I don’t like this flat. I’m going to look for … one.
Mr Brown had two sons. One son went to live in the US and … son died in a car
crash.
8. He took the bag in one hand and then in … .
9. Have you got … questions?
10.Did you like their concert? They are going to give … concert next month.
11.This shirt is too big. Have you got … shirt in grey?
12.I would like to visit … countries but I want to live in my home country.
41
Exercise 3.5
Complete the sentences with one of the names on the right. Use the if necessary.
1. Warsaw is the capital of Poland.
2. Washington is the capital of … .
3. Minsk is the capital of … .
4. … is a river in North America.
5. … are a group of islands near the north-west coast of Africa.
6. … is one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world.
7. … is a mountain range in Asia.
8. … is a desert in the east of Asia.
9. … is a country in the west of Europe.
10.… is the longest river in Africa.
11.… is a sea between Africa and Europe.
12.… is the capital of Spain.
13.… is an ocean between America and Asia.
14.… is the smallest continent in the world.
15.… is an inland sea between Europe and Asia.
Australia
Black Sea
Canaries
France
Gobi
Himalayas
Lake Superior
Madrid
Mediterranean
Mississippi
Nile
Pacific
Republic of Belarus
United States
Warsaw
Exercise 3.6
Put in the where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is correct.
1. Red Lion is the best pub in our town.
The Red Lion
2. We stayed at Grand Hotel while we were in London.
3. Last night we saw a wonderful film at Royal Cinema.
4. Excuse me, how do I get to Newton Street? – It’s in five minutes’ walk.
5. Jack graduated from Manchester University in the same year as me.
6. Did you go to Trafalgar Square when you were in London?
7. I’d like to get a job at Museum of Modern Art.
8. We saw a street musician who was playing the trumpet in Hyde Park.
9. Our office occupies a tall building in Merrion Street, next to Palace Theatre.
10.Excuse me, could you tell me where National Theatre is?
11.Heathrow is the biggest international airport in Great Britain.
12.I bought my mobile in a small shop in Mill Road near Science Museum.
13.We agreed to meet at National Gallery at 2a.m.
14.Could you tell me the way to Victory Square? – Turn left at Mir Cinema.
15.He is staying at Hilton Hotel, and he likes walking in Regent Park.
42
Part IV
The definite and the indefinite article
Exercise 4.1
Put in a/an or the where necessary.
1. Can I have glass of water, please?
a glass
2. This is nice house. – You’re right. House is wonderful.
3. Did you enjoy your holiday? – Greatly! Didn’t you get postcard I sent you?
4. Malta is very small country.
5. What is name of owner of shop we went to yesterday?
6. My brother works in advertising. It’s hard work, but salary is good.
7. I had good opportunity to meet people from different countries.
8. We had problem with car. It didn’t start.
9. I couldn’t answer phone because I was in bathroom.
10.She works for company that makes mobile phones.
11.Did you turn off light when you left house?
12.Bob has new girlfriend. She works as guide in museum.
13.People have hobbies because they need activity which they enjoy.
14.Josh was wearing strange clothes. Hat was especially funny.
Exercise 4.2
Fill in the gaps with a/an or the if necessary.
1. We discussed the next problem after – lunch.
2. … most people have coffee or tea for … breakfast.
3. … weather was lovely, and we went sightseeing in … city centre.
4. In … cold weather I like sitting in … comfortable armchair with … magazine.
5. If you want to get … job in our company, you need to speak to … director.
6. He went to … kitchen, opened … fridge and took out … packet of juice.
7. When I saw Dick, he was sitting on … floor and playing … guitar.
8. We agreed to meet in … town, but there was such … storm that I couldn’t go.
9. I couldn’t answer … third and … fourth question, but I got … good mark anyway.
10.She looked at … moon and thought about … love and … happiness.
11.We’re having … wonderful holiday! – Yes, let’s send … postcard to our parents.
12.Take these pills two times … day and try to do sports three times … week.
13.Did you talk to … Professor Smith about your project? – Yes, … last week.
43
Exercise 4.3
Complete the sentences with a/an or the if necessary.
Do you often watch … television? – No, I prefer listening to … radio.
Did you stay there for … long time? – No, we stayed only for … hour and … half.
Can we talk now? – To tell … truth, I’m in … hurry.
What did you do … day before yesterday? – I had … headache and stayed at …
home all … day long.
5. Gary has … cold and isn’t going to … work at … moment.
6. I don’t like travelling by … sea, I prefer travelling by … air.
7. On … one hand I like your project, on … other hand it has many weak sides.
8. We had … meal in a restaurant, and when we were leaving, I took somebody’s
umbrella by … mistake.
9. Jim is in … trouble because he told … lie to his boss.
10.On … whole, I like the idea but we still need to discuss it in … detail.
11.I went three kilometres on … foot. – Sit down and have … rest.
12.Could you do me … favour and meet my parents at … airport … day after
tomorrow?
13.You never do … washing-up and your room is always in … mess!
14.When they told me … truth, I was at … loss and couldn’t say … word.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Exercise 4.4
Write a/an or the if necessary.
1. Excuse me, where’s … nearest supermarket? – It’s at … end of that street, on …
right. There’s … tram stop in front of it.
2. I met my best friend, Julia, when I was seven. We went to … same school when
we were … kids. Julia had … older sister, Lily. I thought she was … most
beautiful girl in … whole world.
3. Zoe lives in … large town in … middle of … Spain, but she wants to live in …
country. She’d like to have … dog, and take it on … long walks.
4. Catherine usually has … meals in … kitchen. But if she has … guest, she sets the
table in … living room.
5. Val wanted to come to … station on time, so she took … taxi from … city centre.
6. I have … idea. What about going to … new Italian restaurant in … Church Street?
7. In my childhood I wanted to be … politician. I thought that … politicians know
everything about … world.
8. … Prime Minister is going to make … speech about … environment.
9. … Most students knew and respected … Doctor Simpson.
44
Exercise 4.5
Put in a/an or the where necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Annie was lying on beach and eating apple.
on the beach, an apple
Best time for holiday in Egypt is end of April.
My grandfather lived in country all his life, he said it was loveliest place in world.
Do you know that sun is star, and Earth is planet?
I was in good mood, I swam in sea and sunbathed.
Did you stay at expensive hotel? – We paid fifty pounds night.
You’re carrying such fresh vegetables. How much did you pay for potatoes? –
They cost thirty pence kilo in local shop.
8. Our plane landed at Heathrow. It’s such busy airport, I didn’t believe my eyes!
9. I always take taxi if I need to go to city centre in rush hour.
10.I know that office of his company is in large building in central London.
11.I think travelling to Seychelles is too expensive. It’s only for rich and famous
people.
12.My husband Colin is great fun and always helps to take care of children.
Exercise 4.6
Complete the story with the correct articles. Sometimes you need no article at all.
Yesterday evening I returned quite late. I went to (1) … bedroom and saw that
my husband was already in (2) … bed and (3) … latest edition of his favourite
magazine was on (4) … bed next to him. I made (5) … cup of tea and put it on (6) …
table near (7) … sofa. I do it two times (8) … week, on (9) … Wednesday and (10)
… Friday evenings. On (11) … other days of (12) … week I come from (13) … work
earlier and I always wait for (14) … kids near (15) … school. They leave (16) …
school at about four, and we walk along (17) … Oxford Street talking about (18) …
day.
There is (19) … small cafй on (20) … left. There we always have (21) …
problem choosing (22) … most delicious sort of ice-cream. Once I even complained
to (23) … cafй manager because they didn’t have (24) … strawberry ice-cream. You
see, my Granny lived in (25) … country, close to (26) … nature, and she made such
(27) … delicious fruit desserts for me! We all like (28) … good food, and (29) …
only thing that I’m against is (30) … unnatural ingredients in what we eat.
Like (31) … most people, we enjoy going to (32) … concert or to (33) …
cinema at (34) … weekend. We’re going to (35) … Rex Cinema (36) … next
weekend and then we’re going for (37) … dinner at (38) … Bombay Restaurant.
Well, I can say (39) … life is not a bad thing!
45
Exercise 4.7
Read the dialogue and write a/an or the where necessary. If no article is necessary,
leave an empty space.
 Do you happen to know (1) … Mitchells? They are (2) … very interesting
family.
 I think yes. Is Mr Mitchell (3) … travel-writer?
 He is. He has written (4) … books about (5) … Japan and (6) … Japanese
people. (7) … Last year he published (8) … article in (9) … Times.
 What does his wife do?
 She’s (10) … journalist and interviews (11) … famous people. She has talked to
(12) … Queen of England and (13) … President Clinton. Now she is writing
(14) … articles about (15) … English people and their traditions.
 Do they have (16) … children?
 Yes, their son Matt works in (17) … USA. He earns (18) … good money and
visits (19) … home four times (20) … year.
 How do you know all that?
 Their younger son, Josh, plays (21) … drums in (22) … rock band. And my
daughter, Violet, sings in (23) … same band. Josh and Violet are getting married
(24) … next month.
 Good news! Are you going to see (25) … whole family at (26) … wedding?
 I hope so. They are going to have it in (27) … small village on (28) … River
Tyne. (29) … Village has (30) … church which is one of (31) … oldest in (32)
… region.
 Do you know what to give as (33) … present?
 (34) … Couple are travelling to (35) … south of Greece after (36) … wedding.
So I’m going to give them (37) … camera. I’d love to see (38) … photos from
their holiday. I’m not bad at taking (39) … photos myself and I love views of
(40) … sea!
46
Part V
Practice test
5.1 Which alternative is correct?
I like your ring. Is it made of … gold?
a) a
b) the
c) –
2. Mathematics isn’t my best subject, but I succeed with … hard work.
a) a
b) the
c) –
3. How much time do we have before … film starts?
a) a
b) the
c) –
4. I wanted to give him … advice on how to make his image better.
a) –
b) a
c) an
5. What is that building? – It’s … university.
a) –
b) a
c) an
6. What are you doing in the afternoon? – I’m going to … bank to get some money.
a) a
b) the
c) –
7. I had to take those shoes back to the shop because they were … wrong size.
a) a
b) the
c) –
8. His parents owned some land in … east of Portugal.
a) an
b) the
c) –
9. Who can answer … Question 4?
a) a
b) the
c) –
10. What do you do if you have … headache?
a) –
b) a
c) an
1.
5.2 Use the correct article if necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Mum, where’s … new CD? – Sorry, I didn’t see it.
He is in … bad health because of smoking and drinking alcohol.
Factories and plants send hundreds of gasses into … atmosphere.
Mattie took … last piece of cake from the plate and offered it to Joe.
The kings of this country never built … palaces, they lived in … bungalows.
Jenny isn’t at … school this week because she is in … hospital.
Do you know where … Red Sea is? – I’m afraid I don’t.
David has been to … most countries in Europe.
The top speed on this road is 90 kilometres … hour.
Whose photo is there on … wall? – My father’s.
47
5.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The letter helped us to get a very useful information about the missing man.
There is now car park and new shopping centre in the place of my village.
Do you often go to a cinema? – Not often, only if there is a very good film on.
Excuse me, how do I get to the station? – Go down the Twin Street and turn left.
He could walk again on fifth day after the accident.
Was Neil Armstrong the first to fly to the space? – No, he was the first to land
on the moon.
7. We never go to the beach in the wet weather, we prefer going to a pub then.
8. I need business partner to start financial projects in your country.
9. My dad always has a big breakfast before he goes to the work in the morning.
10. Sylvia graduated from the Texas University and went to work in the United
Kingdom.
5.4 Translate into English.
Его семья долгое время жила у моря.
Мой сын провел весь день в колледже.
У меня хорошие новости. Я получила письмо от Майка.
Мы пошли в полицию, потому что Джек оставил свою сумку в каком-то
магазине.
5. Я увидел двух мужчин. На одном были очки, а на другом шляпа.
6. Фред пользуется машиной пять раз в неделю, а я по выходным.
7. Наша фабрика использует только дорогую кожу для сумок и ремней.
8. Нам нужен специалист, который говорит на иностранном языке и хотел бы
работать в музее.
9. Я окончил университет пять лет назад и начал работать в рекламе.
10. Было очень весело, когда Синди встала и начала петь песню.
1.
2.
3.
4.
48
Unit 5
Verb patterns
Part I
Infinitive + to
Exercise 1.1
Complete the sentences using one of these verbs.
be
buy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
celebrate
find
get
go
go out
help
join
live
I hope to find a good job soon.
She decided … a health club.
Mike refused … that evening because he was too tired.
My grandparents are planning … to Hawaii next summer.
Carol wants … a beautician when she finishes college.
He offered … the kids from school on his way home.
My parents promised … me a new mobile for my birthday.
As I was in a hurry, I asked my mum … my car keys.
My boss agreed … with my problem.
Now I’d like … about the results of the latest survey.
Colin usually invites his friends … Christmas at his place.
“Never teach me … ”, my younger sister always says.
Exercise 1.2
Use the words to make sentences or questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
I/ glad/ meet you.
I’m glad to meet you.
It/ expensive/ buy a house.
English/ easy/ speak?
Jack/ surprised/ see me last night.
German/ difficult/ learn.
it/ safe/ drink this water?
This question/ impossible/ answer.
it/ possible/ visit him tomorrow?
They/ glad/ get home yesterday evening.
I/ pleased/ hear this news.
you/ proud/ have such a well-trained dog?
It/ too hot/ stay outdoors yesterday afternoon.
My children/ happy/ have a pet at home.
49
look for
talk
Exercise 1.3
Match a line in A with a line in B and make sentences.
A
B
1. I made a decision
I made a decision to lose weight.
2. I have no idea where
3. I need a new mobile, but I don’t have any
money
4. Can you tell me how
5. Do I need a key
6. She’s so sad. She needs somebody
7. Is there anybody
8. I’m so angry! I have nothing
9. My partner has an interesting project
10.English is the first language
buy it.
discuss.
get to the bank?
go on summer holiday.
help me?
learn if you want to be successful.
lose weight.
open the door?
talk to.
tell you.
Exercise 1.4
Read the questions and answers and express the same idea in one sentence, using to
+infinitive. You need to change some words.
1. A: Why did you move to Paris?
B: Because I wanted to study French.
She moved to Paris to study French.
2. A: Why are they going to Turkey?
B: They want to visit their friends in Istanbul.
They … .
3. A: Why did you buy a new TV?
B: I want to present it to Sally for her wedding.
She … .
4. A: Why did you get up so early?
B: I don’t want to miss my train.
He … .
5. A: Why does she go to the hospital every weekend?
B: She looks after her granny who is ill.
She … .
6. A: Why did you buy a new dress?
B: I want to wear it at my birthday party.
She … .
7.A: Why are they saving money?
B: They want to buy a country house.
They … .
50
8. A: Why are you going out?
B: I need to do some shopping.
He … .
9. A: Why did he go to the railway station?
B: He promised to meet his parents.
He … .
10. A: Why are you phoning the theatre?
B: I want to change my ticket.
She … .
11. A: Why did you go downstairs?
B: I wanted to turn off the light in the living room.
He … .
Exercise 1.5
Put in to or for.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Julie went to the shop to buy some mineral water.
We went out … have a meal in a restaurant.
Kevin is going to university … study foreign languages.
My friend is going to Moscow … an interview tomorrow.
I’m going to Moscow … see my friends.
Have you got time … a cup of tea?
I got up late and didn’t have time … have breakfast.
My son got up late and didn’t have time … breakfast.
We all need love … feel happy.
The room is very small. There is space only … a sofa and a table.
Exercise 1.6
Complete the sentences using the words in brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Would you like me to go to the cinema with you? (I/go to the cinema with you)
I wanted … . (he/tell me the way to the station)
I’m not well. I’d like … . (you/call the doctor)
Is John free? Mum wants … . (he/help her)
The teacher expected … . (we/do the test well)
Is that Sue on the phone? I didn’t want … . (she/phone before 8 o’clock)
Do you have enough money or would you like … ? (I/lend you some)
Do you feel all right or do you want … ? (Father/take you home)
Are they already here? I expected … . (they/come much later)
Val’s parents didn’t want … . (he/get married)
Would you like … ? (I/make you some coffee)
We didn’t expect … . (the weather/change so soon)
Our neighbours wouldn’t like … . (we/know the truth)
Is Kate coming home? I don’t want … . (she/stay outside in such cold weather)
51
Part II
The Gerund
Ex 2.1
Complete the sentences with one of these words.
cook
have (2)
read
do
hear
see
drive
leave
sell
eat
make
smile
go
open
swim
1. Paul likes driving sports cars.
2. Kate is always in a hurry, but she keeps … all day long.
3. I began … a new novel yesterday.
4. I adore … cakes, but I dislike … meat.
5. Mary enjoyed … me and … all my news.
6. Do you prefer … tea or coffee in the morning?
7. Susan tries to avoid … to the city centre in the rush hour.
8. What time did you finish … your homework last night?
9. Doctors suggest … in the pool two or three times a week.
10.Do you mind … this window for a while?
11.Oh, I’m so tired, I feel like … a break now and … this stuffy office. .
12.Some children can’t stand … fresh vegetables.
13.We are considering … some new brands of clothes in our shop.
Exercise 2.2
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the words given.
1. It’s really chilly today. You’d better put on something warm.
suggest
I suggest putting on something warm.
2. I really don’t like getting up early.
stand
I … early.
3. She can’t wait to visit the new cinema.
look forward to
She’s … the new cinema.
4. Oh, it’s so cold outside. I don’t want to go to work.
feel like
I don’t … to work.
52
5. My sister likes going out with her mates a lot.
enjoy
My sister really … with her mates.
6. Can you wait for me outside, please?
mind
Do you … outside, please?
7. I can’t rely on my car, it often breaks down.
keep
My car … .
8. The redecoration of our house was complete only two days ago.
finish
We … only two days ago.
9. My parents want to move to the country, so they talked about it yesterday.
discuss
My parents … yesterday.
10.I don’t go to the health club any more, and I feel sorry about it.
miss
I … to the health club.
Exercise 2.3
Write sentences about these people and their hobbies.
1
2
(twice a week)
4
(twice a year)
5
(once a week)
(once a month)
1. She goes horse riding twice a week.
53
3
(four times a week)
6
(three times a week)
Exercise 2.4
Complete these sentences with the necessary preposition plus one of the verbs in the
gerund.
about
of
at
to
for
with
in
without
bake
lose
buy
move
educate
open
feel
read
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
get
see
give
work
I am thinking of buying a new car next year.
Mike is tired … for the company without holidays.
Are you good … essays in English?
My friends talked … house next autumn.
Is your son interested … the sport club?
Parents are deeply worried … their children about HIV.
Samantha is blissfully happy … married to Nick next month.
My granny is famous … delicious pies.
Jane was looking forward … her former classmates at a reunion party.
I’m so bored … this book! It never ends!
My grandfather was very fond … advice to all my friends.
I apologize … my temper.
That day I left the office … tired.
Our new project is connected … more hospitals and health centres.
Part III
Gerund or Infinitive
Exercise 3.1
Tick the correct form of the verb.
1. A ⊡ Do you like your new neighbours?
⊠ Would you like your new neighbours?
right
wrong
B Yes, they are very quiet.
2. A □ Do you like a drink?
□ Would you like a drink?
B No, thanks. I’d better have some fruit.
3. A □ Do you like doing sports?
□ Would you like to do spots?
B Oh, yes, I’m a keen tennis player and a football fan.
54
join
write
4. A □ Do you like going to the cinema?
□ Would you like to go to the cinema?
B Why not? There’s a good film on at the Odeon.
5. A □ What do you like having for breakfast?
□ What would you like to have for breakfast?
B I usually have a coffee and a toast. Sometimes I can eat some yoghurt.
6. A □ Who do you like inviting for parties?
□ Who would you like to invite for the party?
B Why don’t we call brother? He and his wife are rare guests at our place.
Exercise 3.2
Complete the sentences with would like (to do) or like (doing) in the positive or
negative form and the correct form of the verb.
1. I travel a lot. I would like to go (go) to some remote places in Africa and Australia
next year.
2. My sister is a very good tennis player. She says that one day she … (play) with
Vinus Williams.
3. We … (live) in the centre of the city, the traffic is so heavy and it’s so noisy here.
We want to move to the suburb.
4. Do you have a minute? I … (tell) you about my trip to Berlin.
5. My son is mad about his new puppy. He … (play) with it all the time and do
nothing else.
6. This dress looks glamorous! I … (buy) it.
7. What about your future career? – I … (be) a school teacher, I … (work) with
adults instead.
8. What sort of books … your daughter … (read) before going to bed? – She …
(read) fairytales.
9. Your house looks so clean and beautiful. … you … (live) here? – Oh, yes, sure.
And I … (potter) in the garden a lot.
10.It’s Carrie’s wedding soon. What … she … (have) as a present? – I don’t know. I
think she … (travel) a lot. You can buy her a new camera.
55
Exercise 3.3
Choose the correct form of the verb. Sometimes two forms are possible.
1. Do you like listen/ listening/ to listen to classical music?
2. My neighbours always agree look / looking/ to look after my cat when I’m away
on business.
3. Penny learned skate/ skating/ to skate when she was only 5.
4. Steve offered help/ helping/ to help me with my report.
5. Kate doesn’t mind live/ living/ to live in a foreign country.
6. My mother always makes me do/ doing/ to do my homework before I go out.
7. The doctor suggested drink/ drinking/ to drink lots of still water.
8. I’ve just refused go out/ going out/ to go out with Mike. He’s so boring.
9. Where would you like spend/ spending/ to spend your honeymoon, Monica?
10.Pete didn’t feel like play/ playing/ to play tennis, so we went straight home.
11.We decided sell/ selling/ to sell our flat and move/ moving/ to move to the country.
12.I caught a cold yesterday, I can’t help sneeze/ sneezing/ to sneeze.
13.Though it was getting dark, they continued climb/ climbing/ to climb the hill.
14.Please stop talk/ talking/ to talk. I’m trying to concentrate.
15. We can’t afford go/ going/ to go abroad this summer.
Exercise 3.4
Open the brackets and write the verb in the correct form. Sometimes you can use two
forms.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Joan enjoys meeting (meet) new people.
Let me … (answer) your question. I’ve read a lot about it.
They dreamed of … (go) to Fiji on their honeymoon.
Don’t forget … (phone) me if you are late for dinner.
My granny is planning … (see) us this weekend.
Although Tom had a lot of practice, he failed … (pass) his driving test.
It stopped … (rain) and we went for a walk.
Susan hopes … (find) a new job soon.
Sandra apologized for…(borrow) my mobile without permission and promised
never …(do) it again.
10.I don’t mind … (travel) by train but I prefer … (fly).
11.What do you want me … (cook) for dinner?
12.Bill is so funny! He always makes us … (laugh).
13.Mike started … (work) for this company 5 or 6 years ago.
14.My friend suggested … (go) bowling, but I didn’t think that was a good idea.
15.My son hates … (have) porridge for breakfast, he likes … (eat) his father’s bacon
and eggs.
56
Exercise 3.5
Write B’s questions and complete A’s answers.
1.
A Detective novels are so boring for me.
B What/ like/ read?
A I … romance.
What do you like reading?
I like reading romance.
2.
(in a cafй)
A I’ll get a slice of cheese-cake and some vanilla ice cream.
B What / would like/ drink?
A I think … some orange juice, please.
3.
A Sarah is so good at swimming.
B When/ learn/ swim?
A … when she was four years old.
4.
A I’m sorry I’m calling you late.
B That’s OK. What/ want/ talk about?
A … about Pete. It’s urgent.
5.
A I’m exhausted! I worked on my report all day long.
B When/ finish/ write it?
A I … at 3 a.m.
6.
A I’m not going to stay in tonight.
B Where/ would like/ go?
A I … to the cinema.
7.
A Oh, I spent almost nine months on different business trips last year!
B You / mind/ be away from home for so long?
A No, I … , because I like travelling a lot.
8.
A I hate hot weather.
B Where/ prefer/ have your summer holidays then?
A … in Scandinavian countries.
9.
A My daughter went to Paris last month.
B Why/ decide/ go there?
A … because she entered a language school.
10.
A My sister hopes to go to Africa soon.
B What/ want/ do there?
A … some research on wildlife.
57
Exercise 3.6
Complete the text with the infinitive or –ing form of the verbs.
Dear Susie,
I really apologize for (1) … (not/reply) to your letter, but I’m very busy at work now.
I’m writing (2) … (thank) you for your invitation. Of course, I’d love (3) … (stay)
with your family next weekend.
I have decided (4) … (come) by train. You know, I love (5) … (drive) but I don’t like
the idea of (6) … (sit) in a traffic jam for half the weekend!
I’m planning (7) … (catch) the 9:40 from Paddington Station. Please, don’t worry
about (8) … (meet) me at the station. It’s not so far from your house, so I don’t mind
(9) … (walk). I can enjoy (10) … (breathe) fresh air, (11) … (smell) flowers and (12)
… (admire) green grass!
By the way, I’d like (13) … (buy) some presents for your twins. I was thinking of
(14) … (bring) them each a Lego. Are they still fond of (15) … (play) with it? Let me
(16) … (know) as soon as possible.
I am looking forward to (17) … (see) you and (18) … (hear) all your news. I have
some interesting things I need (19) … (tell) you. Besides, I promised (20) … (show)
you the photos from my birthday party.
See you soon.
Love,
Amy.
Exercise 3.7
Two groupmates are talking about their plans before their final exams. Complete the
dialogue with the infinitive or –ing form of the verbs.
 Do you have any special plans for the coming weekend?
 Well, I have to revise for my exam but I promised (1) … (help) my younger
brother. He’s doing a project now. He wants (2) … (research) our family history
but he’s not very good at (3) … (use) the Internet. It’s a really interesting project
and it makes my brother (4) … (think) a lot. On Sunday we’re going to the
country. Would you like (5) … (join) us? There’s a lake next to our house, and
we often go (6) … (swim) there.
 Oh, I can’t (7) … (swim) well, I’m thinking of (8) … (have) lessons.
 Don’t worry. I’ll help you. Actually, I taught my brother (9) … (swim).
 Did you? OK, I’ll come then. Do you mind (10) … (have) my dog around?
 No problem.
 And what are your plans for the future?
 I’m going to Britain after my exams for three months. I’m planning (11) …
(travel) around the Lake District and Scotland. I’m fond of (12) … (visit) places
I’ve never been to. I’d also like (13) … (stay) in London. I’m really looking
forward to (14) … (make) new friends and I hope (15) … (improve) my
English.
58
Part IV
Practice test
4.1 Which alternative is correct?
Most people enjoy … to different parts of the world.
a) travel
b) to travel
c) travelling
2. She worked day and night, so she succeeded in … her project on time.
a) finish
b) to finish
c) finishing
3. I want … my house.
a) sell
b) to sell
c) selling
4. You can make the dog … to you when you shout “come”.
a) come
b) to come
c) coming
5. Mary considered … a new car but in the end she changed her mind.
a) buy
b) to buy
c) buying
6. Would you like … with children?
a) work
b) to work
c) working
7. We’re thinking of … to Hawaii.
a) go
b) to go
c) going
8. Don’t let your dog … on my sofa!
a) sit
b) to site
c) sitting
9. He explained how … the machine.
a) operate
b) to operate
c) operating
10. My dad finally stopped … at the age of fifty- three.
a) smoke
b) to smoke
c) smoking
1.
4.2 Use the correct form of the verb in brackets.
It’s so kind of your neighbour to offer … (baby-sit) tonight.
I’m looking forward to … (see) you when I visit London next summer.
I can’t stand it any more! She keeps … (phone) me and …(ask) how to use her
washing machine. But I have never seen it!
4. Kate was so homesick. She missed … (talk) to her mum.
5. My wife doesn’t feel like … (cook) now, let’s … (have) a Chinese takeaway.
6. Mary’s groupmates suggested … (have) a farewell party at a nightclub but she
refused … (join) them.
7. I hope … (become) a bestselling author when I grow up.
8. I’m tired of … (watch) TV, going for a walk would be much better.
9. Is there somewhere … (eat) cheaply in this town?
10. Chris began … (train) as soon as he heard about the game.
1.
2.
3.
59
4.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Daniel wished changing jobs because his boss made him worked overtime.
How did your daughter learn speaking Chinese so well?
I am really fond of listen to those CDs you gave me. Thank you.
Mike is planning going dancing with his friend Natalie next month.
Don’t worry about water the plants – I’ll do it later.
My husband can’t stand to do the washing.
Do you mind to close the window? It’s too cold.
I really apologise for break your favourite cup.
I usually try to avoid to talk about personal problems.
James promised to not tell anyone about my plans.
4.4 Translate into English.
Мэгги очень нравится путешествовать во время отпуска.
Этим летом она хотела бы отправиться в какую-нибудь экзотическую
страну для разнообразия.
3. Мэгги предложила своей семье провести две недели всем вместе.
4. Но сестра Мэгги ненавидит осматривать достопримечательности.
5. Ее родители отказываются ездить в жаркие страны, так как это слишком
утомительно.
6. Прошлым летом Мэгги согласилась провести свой отпуск в деревне.
7. Это было так скучно, что она с огромным нетерпением ожидала
возвращения на своё рабочее место.
8. Сейчас Мэгги подумывает о том, чтобы отправиться в Индию со своей
подругой.
9. Её подруга Салли начала заниматься йогой в свободное время и планирует
познакомиться с каким-нибудь известным учителем.
10. Девушки надеются прекрасно отдохнуть и хорошо повеселиться.
1.
2.
60
Unit 6
The Future
Part I
Present Continuous and be going to
Exercise 1.1
Look at Joanna’s diary for next week. Write sentences about her plans using the
Present Continuous tense form.
Monday
10.00 a.m. drive to Bristol
after 1 p.m. visit Aunt Sophie
1. On Monday morning she’s driving to Bristol.
2.
Tuesday
3.00 p.m. meet Carol
6.00 p.m. go to the theatre with Paul
3.
4.
Wednesday
11.00 a.m. see the doctor
2 p.m. go shopping with Mum
5.
6.
Exercise 1.2
Use the Present Continuous to write questions about your plans for the future and
answer them.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
you / go out / tonight?
Are you going out tonight? – Yes, I am./No, I’m not.
next week / you / study?
do / what / you / next weekend?
take exams / you / when ?
you / tomorrow / play football?
tomorrow evening / you / see / anyone?
you/ at the weekend / go home?
leave home / on Monday/ what time / you?
tonight/ come/ your friends/ to see you?
61
Exercise 1.3
Complete the sentences with be going to + one of these verbs.
be late
send
change
show
explain
travel
fall
use
graduate
watch
produce
wear
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Eddy is learning Italian. He is going to travel to Italy.
Hurry up! It’s nearly ten o’clock! You … .
Andrew is in his fifth year at university. He … in May.
My parents are coming tomorrow. I … them my new flat.
Look at that tree! It … down!
There’s a good film on TV this evening. … you … it?
I … Tina a message because I can’t get her on the mobile.
I didn’t understand the grammar rule yesterday. The teacher … it to me after
classes.
9. We don’t like going to the library. We … the Internet to write our report.
10. My dad bought a TV yesterday, but it was broken. – … he … it?
11. What a beautiful dress! – Yes, I … it for the wedding.
12. My two brothers are starting their own business. They … wine.
Exercise 1.4
Look at the pictures. What is going to happen?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1. He is going to sit on his cat.
62
Exercise 1.5
Use be going to or the Present Continuous. If two answers are possible, write them
both.
1. We … at home tonight. (stay)
are staying, are going to stay
2. We … into our new flat next week. (move)
3. My boyfriend … me after the concert. (meet)
4. Brianna … to Malta next Wednesday. (fly)
5. Take some warm clothes – it … cold later in the evening. (get)
6. Who else … to your party? (come)
7. My family and I … on holiday next month. (go)
8. Viola … the doctor at 12 o’clock tomorrow. (see)
9. How many children … at the camp tomorrow? (arrive)
10.Hurry up! You … the plane! (miss)
11.Who … her about what happened? (tell)
12.Look out! You … on a banana skin! (step)
13.I … a shower, clean my teeth and go to bed. (have)
14.We … to Liverpool tomorrow afternoon. (drive)
15.Nick and his girlfriend … a meal in a restaurant tonight. (have)
16.Look at the sky. It … soon. (rain)
Part II
Future Simple and shall
Exercise 2.1
Write sentences to respond to these statements. Use the Future Simple.
1. It’s Jane’s birthday today. – I’ll buy her some flowers.
2. I’m so thirsty. – …
3. Would you like pasta or fish and chips? – …
4. I haven’t got your e-mail address. – …
5. I need to do the washing-up but I’m so tired. – …
6. Oh! I haven’t got any money to pay for the meal. – …
7. The phone’s ringing. – …
8. My room is in a terrible mess! – …
9. Have a nice holiday! – …
10.I don’t know how to use this camera. – …
11.My car broke down, and the next bus in only in 20 minutes. – …
63
Exercise 2.2
Complete the sentences with will or won’t plus one of these verbs.
be
like
come
make
enjoy
rain
feel
see
get
sleep
happen
stay
1. You don’t need to take an umbrella I’m sure it won’t rain.
2. I don’t feel very well this evening. – Well, go to bed early, and I’m sure you …
better in the morning.
3. Martyn is very ambitious. I think he … a good career.
4. I’m sorry I was late this morning. I hope it … again.
5. Don’t drink coffee before you go to bed. You … .
6. I’m going away for a few days, so I think I … home the day after tomorrow.
7. Do you think there … many people at the meeting?
8. Don’t trust these people. I’m afraid you … your money again.
9. I saw Jim and Sue together yesterday. I think they … married one day.
10.I hope Anna … this present. I spent the whole day looking for it.
11.The film is awful! I’m sure you … it.
12.You … physically fit if you do sports regularly.
Exercise 2.3
You are travelling in Europe. Complete the sentences with the verb be in the Present,
Past or Future Simple.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Yesterday I was in Amsterdam.
Today … in Brussels.
Tomorrow … in Paris.
Last week … in Glasgow.
Next week … in Barcelona.
Three days ago … in London.
The day after tomorrow … in Munich.
I think … very tired at the end of the trip.
Exercise 2.4
Respond to these statements and write sentences with Shall I … ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
It’s very cold in the room. – Shall I close the window?
There is a good programme on TV in five minutes. – … it on?
I’m awfully hungry. – … some sandwiches?
My car broke down. – … you a lift home?
I can’t hear the radio. – … it up?
I don’t understand the homework. – … you to do it?
This meat is delicious! – … you the recipe?
64
Exercise 2.5
Write sentences with Shall we … ? Choose words from A and B.
A
what (2)
what time (2)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
B
where
who
begin
buy
cook
go
invite
meet
It’s time to plan our summer holidays. – Where shall we go?
Let’s go out this evening. – …
Let’s go shopping. – …
Let’s have a party. – …
Let’s make something delicious. – …
Let’s tidy the garden tomorrow. – …
Part III
Future forms in contrast
Exercise 3.1
Choose the correct form.
1. I’m sorry I can’t come tomorrow. I am working/will work.
2. We are going/are going to go to the theatre tonight. We’ve got tickets.
3. Can I phone you this evening? – I’m afraid not. I am going/will go out.
4. We are having/will have a party next Saturday. Can you come?
5. Come on, Jeff. You look cold. Sit down. I’m making/I’ll make you a cup of tea.
6. Do you know that Maria is going to leave/will leave her job? She told me herself.
7. Do you think it is snowing/will snow in the evening?
8. Could I speak to Sally, please? – Just a moment, please. I’m going to call/I’ll call her.
9. What would you like to eat? – I’m having/I’ll have a pizza, please.
10.I’m seeing/I’ll see the dentist at 12 o’clock on Thursday.
11.Oh, dear, I think I’m going to sneeze/I’ll sneeze.
12.I’m not sure which coat to take. All right, I’m going to buy/I’ll buy the grey one.
13.Put on your coat or you’re catching/you’ll catch cold.
14.Irina will go/is going to Oxford University if she improves her English.
Exercise 3.2
Put the verb in the correct form, Present Continuous, be going to or Future Simple.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
I don’t think it will rain (rain) this afternoon.
What … (you/do) next weekend? – Nothing. I’m free.
I’m sure Marta … (invite) us to the anniversary. We’ve been friends for ten years.
Why are you putting on make-up? – I … (go) to the disco.
Do you think Greg … (wait) for us at the station tomorrow?
Leave the old bread in the garden. The birds … (eat) it.
Steve can’t help us tomorrow. He … (take) an exam.
65
8. Paul … (buy) the same car as his brother’s. He told me yesterday.
9. This story is incredible! I think I … (tell) it to all my friends.
10.The music is too loud. – OK. I … (turn) it down.
11.Don’t put the cake back in the fridge. I … (have) a piece.
12.Rick is ill, so he … (not come) to the conference tomorrow.
13.This is an expensive suit but we offer you a discount. – I … (take) it.
14.Jessica’s pregnant. She … (have) twins.
15.If you don’t understand something, ask the teacher. She … (help) you.
Exercise 3.3
Complete the sentences with one of these verbs in the correct future form.
be
lend
break
meet
enter
see
fall
send
get
take (2)
have
wait
1. Bob and I are getting married in two weeks. – Really? Congratulations!
2. What would you like for breakfast? – I think I … an omelette.
3. Cindy is back from Britain. – I know. I … her tonight.
4. I haven’t got any money. – Don’t worry. I … you some.
5. … we … at the weekend? – Sorry, but I … the kids to the zoo.
6. Claire is in hospital. – Really? I … her some flowers.
7. Have you decided what to do after school? – Yes, I … the Linguistic university.
8. The dog needs some exercise. – I know. I … him for a walk later.
9. Did you hear the weather forecast? There … a terrible snowstorm.
10.Look at the waiter! He … those plates!
11.I … for you outside if you get ready quickly.
12.It’s too hot! I hope the temperature … tomorrow.
Exercise 3.4
Correct the wrong sentences. Write OK if the sentence is right.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The new theatre shall be open in autumn.
will
Why are you working extra hours now? – We’ll buy a car, so we’re saving money.
Will you fetch some documents for me, please? – No, I won’t.
Don’t worry, mum. I’ll e-mail you every two days from the US.
 I’m going to give Helen a book for her birthday.
 She doesn’t like reading.
– Oh. I’m going to buy her a CD then.
6. Mum, can you help me with the homework? – I’m sorry, I can’t. Ask Dad. He’s
going to help you.
7.  I have an appointment with the bank manager tomorrow.
 Why will you see him?
 My wife and I will start our own business, and we want to borrow some money.
8. I’m bored. Let’s do something interesting. – Will we go to the cinema?
66
Exercise 3.5
Put the verbs in the correct future form. Sometimes two forms are possible.
Hi, Julie!
I know you (1) … (work) in Brussels in July, but what (2) … (you/do) for the first
three weeks in August? Phil and I (3) … (go) to Montenegro for a holiday and we
invite you to come with us. My best friend Laura (4) … (come) with us and I think
my cousin (5) … (come) too if I ask her. I don’t think Phil (6) … (travel) there by
train as he hates long journeys, so (7) … (we/fly)? I hope we (8) … (find) a hotel
easily but if there’s any problem, we (9) … (stay) at a campsite. We (10) … (swim)
every day, so I (11) … (take) a lot of sun cream – I think we (12) … (need) it.
Anyway, I (13) … (call) you later this evening.
Fiona
Exercise 3.6
Read the conversation and put the verbs in the correct future form.
Eddie: Why are you up so early? It’s Sunday today.
Emily: I’ve just got a message from my sister Alison. She doesn’t feel very well. I
(1) … (visit) her.
Eddie: Oh, dear. I hope she (2) … (feel) better soon. Do you think you (3) … (stay)
long?
Emily: Not till the evening. I (4) … (meet) my new business partner at 10 o’clock
tomorrow.
Eddie: And do you remember that Andy and Alison invited us to a restaurant on
Tuesday evening? Do you think you (5) … (be) free?
Emily: I (6) … (not leave) the house at all on Tuesday afternoon, so I don’t think it
(7) … (be) a problem.
Eddie: That’s great. I (8) … (go) to the swimming-pool at 4 o’clock today. (9) …
(I/pick) you up on my way home?
Emily: That would be fine. I (10) … (wait) for you near Alison’s house.
67
Part IV
Practice test
4.1 Which alternative is correct?
It … tomorrow.
a) rains
b) ’s going to rain
c) ’s raining
2. The parcel … arrive on Saturday.
a) will
b) will be
c) will be going to
3. Look at those cars! They …!
a) will crash
b) are going to crash
c) crashing
4. The film starts at 6.00, so I think I … .
a) will go
b) am going
c) am going to go
5. … me a ring before you leave?
a) Will you give
b) Shall you give
c) Are you giving
6. Can you come to my party on Saturday? – Sorry. I … to London on business.
a) will travel
b) going to travel
c) am travelling
7. Ben is saving every penny. He … move house.
a) will
b) is going to
c) will going to
8. Cheese sandwiches! I hate cheese! – All right. I … cheese sandwiches any more.
a) won’t make
b) don’t make
c) ’m not making
9. I … to see you if I finish work early.
a) will come
b) am going to come
c) am coming
10. … post this letter for you?
a) Will I
b) Shall I
c) Would I
1.
4.2 Use the correct future form of the verb in brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
(you/see) Julie tonight? – Yes, we (meet) in our favourite cafй.
Watch out! We (have) an accident!
I hope I (move) into a bigger flat if I get a better job.
I think mum (be) angry when she sees the cat on the table.
Why did Dad buy five tins of paint yesterday? – He (paint) the house.
What do you want for lunch? – I (have) two cheeseburgers.
Finish your homework, or I (not take) you to the zoo.
Peter phoned me ten minutes ago. He (pick) me up at 7 o’clock.
When exactly (your mum/arrive) in London?
(everybody/come) to the meeting on Thursday afternoon?
68
4.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Will you buy some chicken for dinner? – All right. I’m not going to forget.
I believe most students of the group will against this idea.
George will spend the evening at the cinema, isn’t he?
I will go to the dentist at 6.30. I made the appointment three weeks ago.
Jane thinks it will be snow later.
It’s already twenty past two. You’re going to missing the train.
I can’t come tonight. I visit my parents.
I will go to Mike’s party on Saturday. Do you want to come?
What about going to the gym tonight? – All right. I’m going to see you at six.
Will we go to the beach tomorrow? – With pleasure!
4.4 Translate into English.
Завтра днем мы встречаемся с менеджером из банка.
Что вы будете обсуждать с менеджером? – Мы будем обсуждать, сколько
денег мы можем взять.
3. Я уверена, что он сдаст тест.
4. Оставь все на столе, я помою посуду.
5. Я думаю, я сейчас сделаю перерыв. Я очень устал.
6. Может мне пойти и взять видео на вечер?
7. Посмотри на это дерево. Оно сейчас упадет!
8. Зачем ты полетишь в Берлин? – У меня будет важная встреча, а потом я
собираюсь навестить друга.
9. Сейчас только 7 часов, но светит солнце и очень тепло. Будет хороший
день.
10. Ты думаешь на вечеринке будет много людей? – Я думаю, там будет около
десяти человек.
1.
2.
69
Unit 7
Comparison of adjectives and adverbs
Part I
The comparative degree of adjectives
Exercise 1.1
Write the comparative forms of these adjectives.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
happy
young
large
few
patient
lovely
happier
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
bad
good
quiet
attractive
fast
slow
13.great
14.many
15.generous
16.careful
17.weak
18.far
Exercise 1.2
Complete the sentences. Use a comparative. Add than where necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Ken’s car isn’t very big. He wants a bigger one.
The radio wasn’t very expensive. The computer was … the radio.
He wasn’t very healthy a year ago. Now he is … .
The suit isn’t very cheap. The dress is … the suit.
He doesn’t think New-York is exciting. He finds Paris … .
I think your plan isn’t very good. My plan is … .
My sister isn’t very tall. My brother is … .
My exam results were very bad. They were … I expected.
Brian isn’t very intelligent. Pat is … Brian.
I’m not very interested in history. I’m … in art.
Exercise 1.3
Write the comparative form of the adjectives to complete the sentences.
Use much, a lot, far, a bit, a little. Add than where necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
The book isn’t very interesting. The film is a lot more interesting than the book.
Computers weren’t very complicated twenty years ago. Now they are … .
In my country some drivers aren’t very careful,but in this country drivers are … .
My son wasn’t so lazy before. Now he is a teenager and he is … .
I don’t eat much, and I’m not fat. My husband eats … and he is … me.
Mike’s life isn’t very busy. My life is … his.
Jane’s sister isn’t very kind. Jane is … her sister.
Her new job is very stressful. It’s … her last one.
Paul isn’t very rich. His brother earns more and he is … Paul.
The actors aren’t young enough, we need … actors for this film.
The Thames isn’t very long. The Mississippi is … the Thames.
70
Exercise 1.4
Write sentences comparing the Grand Hotel and the Sea View Hotel. Use the
following adjectives.
beautiful
big
cheap
clean
comfortable
cold
expensive
friendly
lovely
Grand Hotel
The Grand Hotel is a beautiful hotel in
the centre of town. It is a big hotel with
120 rooms. The rooms are all very
clean, comfortable and warm but they
are quite noisy because the hotel is on a
main road. I found the hotel staff polite
but not very friendly.
This is not the hotel for a cheap holiday.
The rooms are quite expensive at around
Ј100 per person per night for bed and
breakfast.
noisy
peaceful
warm
Sea View Hotel
The Sea View Hotel is a 30-room hotel
about three kilometres from the centre
of town. The building is not very
beautiful, but the rooms have lovely
views of the sea and the hotel is nice
and peaceful. The rooms are not always
very clean and sometimes they are a bit
cold at night. But the hotel staff are
always very friendly and the hotel is
very cheap. It only costs Ј30 per person
per night for bed and breakfast.
1. The Grand Hotel is much more beautiful than the Sea View Hotel.
2. …
Exercise 1.5
Rewrite the sentences with as … as … or not as … as ….
1. Bill is taller than Jack.
Jack isn’t as tall as Bill.
2. The sun is hotter than the moon.
3. Bob pays 5 bills a month, and Val pays 5 bills a month too.
4. Jane is luckier in business than Ann.
5. Are you and your sister the same age?
6. Sally’s work is better than mine.
7. Harry won more money than Andy.
8. Their daughter is very spoilt, and their son is very spoilt too.
9. Are the table and the desk the same size?
10.Swedish country cottages are more primitive than their houses.
11.The days in winter are shorter than in summer.
12.Londoners work longer hours than the Swedes.
71
Exercise 1.6
Write positive or negative sentences using the same … as … . Add the right noun
where necessary.
1. Pete and John are both 30 years old.
Pete is the same age as John.
2. My birthday is 7 February. Tim’s birthday is 7 February too.
3. You and I both have green eyes.
4. I arrived at 7.00 and so did you.
5. Ann’s salary is Ј100 per week and Betty’s salary is Ј100 per week too.
6. The bedroom is as big as the living room.
7. Her hair is a different colour from mine.
8. Fred had beer after dinner. Kevin had beer too.
9. Johnny works for Sea Tour Company. Sam works for Sea Tour Company too.
10.Dave watched football and Alison watched a soap opera.
11.Carol keeps her purse in the drawer. Mike keeps his purse in the drawer too.
Exercise 1.7
Complete the sentences with as or than.
1. Is Steve as professional as his brother?
2. She’s not as clever … her sister.
3. Was John’s party better … Kate’s?
4. I’m studying the same subject … Emma.
5. Liz works much harder … George.
6. I haven’t got as many cousins … you.
7. My mum came home sooner … my dad.
8. Let’s walk. It’s just as quick … taking the bus.
9. Janet looks thinner … she did before.
10.The film is funnier … the book.
11.Jim isn’t as mad about planes now … he was before.
12.I can’t wait longer … an hour.
13.Paris is more romantic … Dubai.
Part II
The superlative degree of adjectives
Exercise 2.1
Write the comparative and superlative forms of these adjectives.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
new – newer – the newest
busy
thin
comfortable
safe
good
7. little
8. expensive
9. clever
10.few
11.dangerous
12.hot
72
13.far
14.heavy
15.boring
16.bad
17.much
18.lucky
Exercise 2.2
Complete the sentences. Use a superlative form + in or of where necessary.
1. This is a very big building. This is the biggest building in the world.
2. This is a very comfortable apartment. This is … here.
3. He bought very expensive flowers. He bought … the shop.
4. This is such a happy day! This is … my life.
5. This is a very cheap hotel. This is … town.
6. She is a really good singer. I think she is … the group.
7. What a wonderful place! It’s … this region.
8. The film is so sad! It’s … I’ve ever seen.
9. This capital city is very dirty. It’s … the world.
10.Most of the students are 18 or 19, and Nick is 21 years old. He is … the class.
11.These are very poor people. These are … the country.
12.She’s a very intelligent student. She’s … all the students.
13.Most of the students are 19 or 20, and Nicole is 17. She’s … the class.
14. The question I didn’t answer was very difficult. I didn’t answer … all the questions.
15.Peter is very strange. I think Peter is … them all.
Exercise 2.3
Match a word in A with a line in B and write sentences with a superlative.
A
B
1. Australia
Australia is the smallest continent in the world.
2. Everest
3. Africa
4. the Nile
5. Jupiter
6. Monaco
7. Lake Baikal
deep lake
high mountain
hot continent
large planet
long river
small continent
small country
Part III
The comparative and superlative degree of adjectives
Exercise 3.1
Write the comparative or superlative form of the right adjective.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Our hotel wasn’t expensive. It was cheaper than all the others in the town.
I felt rather bad yesterday, but I feel a bit … today.
She didn’t buy the cheapest watch in the shop. She bought … .
Kevin is the oldest in the family. – No, he isn’t. He is … .
Melbourne is drier than Dubai. – No, it isn’t. It is … .
We didn’t have an interesting holiday. It was one of … we’ve ever had.
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7. This exercise isn’t difficult. It is … exercise in the book.
8. Henry is meaner than Alan. – No, he isn’t . He is … .
9. It wasn’t a good day. I think it was … day of my life.
10.I saw the oldest building in this town and now I’d like to see … .
11.Everest isn’t a flat place. It is … than any other mountain.
12.It’s the longest way to get to the station. – No, it isn’t. It is … .
13.Keeping money at home is risky. Keeping money in the bank is … than at home.
14.The shop assistants here are so rude. They are much … in my local shop.
Exercise 3.2
Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
Use less or the least and the right adjective.
1. A bus is cheaper than a taxi.
A bus is less expensive than a taxi.
2. These dresses are the cheapest in the shop.
3. An elephant isn’t as dangerous as a tiger.
4. Unfortunately, we had the most uncomfortable room in the hotel.
5. My new boss isn’t as rude as my old boss.
6. It’s the most unsuccessful film he has ever made.
7. This crossword is the easiest.
8. It was the oldest city I visited.
9. Hetty Green was meaner than Milton Petry.
10.Kate’s dress was cleaner than Alison’s.
11.Chris is the most inattentive child in the class.
12.Living in the country is quieter than living in a big city.
Exercise 3.3
Fill in the blanks with than, of, in and the correct comparative or superlative form.
A
I went on holiday two years ago but it was a disaster! My hotel room was (1) …
(small) … the one in the photograph in the brochure. I think it was (2) … (small)
room … the hotel. The weather was terrible too. It was (3) … (cold) … in England.
The beach near the hotel was very dirty – it was (4) … (dirty) … all the beaches on
the island. The food was (5) … (expensive) … I expected and I didn’t have enough
money. One day I went shopping in a big department store and I broke a vase. It was
(6) … (expensive) vase … the whole shop. But (7) … (bad) thing … all was that I
lost my passport and I couldn’t go back home. It was (8) … (horrible) holiday … my
life.
B
Bob Jones is a member of (1) … (famous) basketball team … the country. He is (2)
… (tall) and (3) … (young) player … the team. Bob is a very good player, but his
friend, Terry, is (4) … (good) … he is. George Boyle is (5) … (old) … Terry and Bob
and he’s also (6) … (fast) … both of them. He is (7) … (exciting) player to watch and
also (8) … (popular) … the team.
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Exercise 3.4
Read the dialogue and complete it with comparative or superlative form of the
adjectives given and also of, in or than.
Sam: Hi, Sally! I saw (1) … (good) film ever last week.
Sally: What was it called?
Sam: “I would die for you”. It was (2) … (exciting) … “Tomorrow never comes”
and it was (3) … (funny) … any other comedy I’ve seen this month. Will
Jackson is (4) …(handsome) man … the world. He is a much (5) … (talented)
actor … Milton Brosnan. And the car! It is (6) … (amazing) car … the world!
Have you seen the film?
Sally: Yes, but I have seen much (7) … (amazing) films. I didn’t think it was so good.
“Notting Hill” is (8) … (funny) film … them all.
Part IV
Degrees of comparison of adverbs
Exercise 4.1
Put the words from the list into the correct column.
angrily
carelessly
early
easily
far
fast
friendly
good
happily
hard
late
lovely
noisy
quick
quietly
slowly
tidy
well
Adjectives
Adverbs
Adjectives and adverbs
good
…
angrily
…
early
…
Exercise 4.2
Put in the comparative or superlative form of the following adverbs.
angrily
easily
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
attentively
fast
badly
happily
beautifully
late
comfortably early
quietly
well
You can find the village more easily with a map.
Mike plays chess … than his brother.
Would you play the piano … , please? I’m working.
… I can come is three o’clock.
They all play well, but Ron plays … in the team.
Of all the boys he runs … , and he usually wins the first prize.
Jane dances … than anyone else in her group.
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8. I’d like to stay in the hotel which is … furnished of all in town.
9. David’s father reacted … than his mother.
10.Ellen has to work … on Mondays than on Tuesdays.
11.Of all my friends Jim is … married.
12.The children began to listen … when I spoke about summer camps.
Exercise 4.3
Use the correct form of the words given. Make adverbs if necessary.
1. Michelle plays the violin more beautifully than all the others. (beautiful)
2. He lives … away than me. (far)
3. Jim was shouting … than everybody else. (loud)
4. The atmosphere in the restaurant is … than in the cafe. (lively)
5. If you do it again … , you won’t make so many mistakes. (careful)
6. Vicky’s neighbour is … than mine. (friendly)
7. This computer is nearly twice as … as the old one. (expensive)
8. This exercise is too easy – can’t we try a … one? (difficult)
9. She comes top in all the exams – she must be … girl in the class. (intelligent)
10.You should work … if you want to pass the exams. (hard)
11.If you don’t eat … , you’ll be sick. (little)
12.My mother gets up … than everybody else in the family. (early)
13.Of all the rich people in town Bill Carter gave money to the poor … . (generous)
14.Could you speak on the phone … ,please? I’m trying to sleep. (quiet)
15.I think women drive … than men. (slow)
16.Five years ago I could ski … than I do now. (bad)
Part V
Practice test
5.1 Which alternative is correct?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
She’s much … than her boyfriend.
a) more younger
b) younger
c) youngest
This is … road in the country.
a) much dangerous
b) more dangerous
c) the most dangerous
Our new car is very fast, but it’s not … the old one.
a) as comfortable as
b) as comfortable than c) comfortable as
She’s … person I’ve ever met.
a) the strangest
b) the stranger
c) the most strangest
On that day he was … ever before.
a) more lucky than
b) luckier than
c) luckier as
The weather is … today in comparison with yesterday.
a) much more better
b) more better
c) much better
Her illness was … than we at first thought.
a) more serious
b) as serious as
c) most serious
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It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere … ?
a) quieter
b) much quiet
c) more quieter
9. My bag is … hers.
a) as heavier as
b) heavier than
c) more heavy than
10. It’s too cold in Finland in autumn, let’s go to Italy where it’s much … .
a) more warm
b) more warmer
c) warmer
8.
5.2 Complete the text with the correct form of the word in brackets.
I’m sure it is (1) … (bad) job I’ve ever had. My last job was much (2) … (suitable)
for me than this one. It was one of (3) … (easy) jobs. I had a lot (4) … (little) work
there and my boss was really nice. Now my work is much (5) … (boring) than that
one. My boss here is (6) … (strict) in the company, and the working day is (7) … (long)
than in my last job. The (8) … (good) thing about it is that the office is (9) … (close)
to my house than the old one. At least now I get home (10) … (early) than I used to.
5.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The Queen is the most wealthy woman in the world.
Silver isn’t as expensive than gold.
My new office is much more farther from my house, but it’s much more modern.
Most people say that their 18th birthday was the best day in their life.
The people here are much nicer that I expected.
Don’t go by train. It’s lot more expensive.
The exam was much difficulter than I expected. I felt much happier when I’d
passed.
8. The living room is twice as bigger as the bedroom.
9. The dress is the same colour that the skirt.
10. I’d never seen my dad angryer than he was on that day.
5.4 Translate into English.
В нашей стране июль самый жаркий месяц в году.
Дом Джека такой же роскошный, как и дом Стива.
Мой брат водит машину хуже, чем отец.
Путешествие поездом гораздо дешевле, чем путешествие самолетом.
Это не самая оживленная дорога в нашем городе, здесь гораздо меньше
машин, чем на других дорогах.
6. Я обычно делаю покупки в ближайшем магазине.
7. Кто самый известный певец в вашей стране?
8. Австралия гораздо дальше от Европы, чем я думал.
9. В нашем городе больше старых зданий, чем в столице, он менее
современный.
10. Это не самый короткий путь до гостиницы. Ты доберешься туда быстрее на
автобусе.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Unit 8
Present Perfect Simple
Part I
Forming the Present Perfect Simple
Exercise 1.1
Make reduced forms, questions and negatives.
1. I have done my homework
I’ve done my homework. Have you done your homework? I haven’t done my homework.
2. They have arrived on time.
3. She has filled in the form.
4. We have had a wonderful time!
5. You have made lots of mistakes.
6. He has lost his passport.
7. She has graduated from university.
Exercise 1.2
Complete the text with one of the verbs in the Present Perfect. Then answer the
questions on the text with a short answer.
ask
lose
receive
be
open
return
buy (2)
not pay
upset
cry
put
work
decide
remove
Mrs White and her daughter Sarah (1) have been out shopping, and they (2) …
just … home. They (3) … Sarah a new sweater, and she (4) … already … it on. It's
so new that they (5) … even … the tag yet.
Mrs White (6) … just … a letter, and she (7) … bad news. She (8) … her job!
For the past year she (9) … as a secretary for a rich musician. Now the musician (10)
… to stop working, and he (11) … Mrs White to find another job. The letter (12) …
Mrs White very much. She's crying. She (13) … recently … a new house and a new
car. She (14) … for them yet. Sarah’s worried about her mother. Mrs White (15) …
never … in front of her daughter before.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Have Mrs White and Sarah been out shopping?
Yes, they have.
Has Mrs White just opened a letter?
Has she worked as a babysitter for a musician?
Has the musician died?
Has the letter upset Mrs White?
Has Mrs White ever cried in front of her daughter before?
78
Exercise 1.3
Are these contractions is or has?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
He’s worried.
is
He’s escaped.
She’s tired.
He’s just left.
He’s died.
The girl’s opened her present.
Tony’s left his family.
Justin’s really happy.
It’s rained practically every day.
Part II
Present Perfect Simple for life experience
Exercise 2.1
Complete the sentences. Use gone or been. You sometimes need the preposition to or in.
1. Helen and John aren’t at home. They’ve gone to the theatre.
2. Hello, Nick! Where have you … ? I’ve been looking for you.
3. Have you ever … China?
4. I know Moscow quite well. I … there many times.
5. I can’t find the manager in the office. – I think he’s … out.
6. I’ve never … Tibet.
7. I’ve … London for a month already, but I still find the tube difficult to use.
8. We’ve just come back. We’ve … the cinema.
9. ‘ … lunch. Back soon’(Sign outside a shop)
10. You look great! Have you … on holiday?
11. Can I speak to Daisy? – I’m afraid not. She’s … the bank.
12. They’ve already … Spain for two weeks. They’re enjoying their holiday!
Exercise 2.2
Write positive and negative sentences about the people’s experiences.
1. a student:
study lots of subjects / never fail an exam
He has studied lots of subjects. He has never failed an exam.
2. a musician:
have several hit records / never tour in Europe
3. a business owner: make a fortune / never go bankrupt
4. a driver:
his car – break down many times/ never have an accident
5. a writer:
write over 100 detective stories/ never win an award
6. a model:
take part in many fashion shows/ never fall off the catwalk
7. a journalist:
work for many newspapers/ never interview a celebrity
8. a flight attendant:
fly to Japan four times/ never feel airsick
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Exercise 2.3
Ask these people questions about their experiences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
a horse rider – fall off a horse?
an actress – win an Oscar?
a student – fail an exam?
a singer – forget the words of a song?
a chef – cook snakes?
a fireman – save anyone?
a smoker – try to give up smoking?
a patient – have a heart attack?
a pilot – fly in a storm?
Have you ever fallen off a horse?
Exercise 2.4
Match a line in A with a verb in B and make sentences with ever.
A
1. It’s the best film we
It’s the best film we’ve ever seen.
2. This is the most expensive dress she
3. It’s the most exciting story I
4. This is the most difficult task they
5. It’s the most interesting place she
6. It’s the fastest car he
7. This is the worst holiday we
B
buy
do
drive
have
hear
see
visit
Part III
Present Perfect Simple for actions with results in the present
Exercise 3.1
Answer the questions using just.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
What time is Martin arriving?
He has just arrived.
Are you going to phone Ann?
When does the film start?
When is Philippe going away?
Do you want to read the magazine?
What time does the train leave?
When are you going to pay the bills?
Are you going to tell Martin about your wedding?
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Exercise 3.2
Linda and Paul are getting married. Look at their list of things to do and complete
the sentences. Use the Present Perfect with already or yet.
LINDA
PAUL
BOTH
Buy a dress V
Buy the wedding rings V
Order the flowers X
Buy a suit X
Order the cake X
Order the drinks X
Book the hotel for the Book the church V
reception V
Send the invitations X
Decide where to go for
the honeymoon V
1. Linda has already bought a dress.
2. She hasn’t ordered the flowers yet.
Exercise 3.3
Write questions about Linda and Paul. Then give short answers.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Linda / dress
Has Linda bought a dress yet? Yes, she has.
Linda / cake
Paul / suit
Paul / church
they / invitations
they / decide where to go for the honeymoon?
Exercise 3.4
Complete the sentences with a verb from the list in the positive or negative form.
blow
hear
choose
put
eat
rise
forget
see
give
steal
grow
wake
1. Where is Richard? – I don’t know. I haven’t seen him.
2. A thief … my purse!
3. Look! The sun … just … over the mountains! The scenery is gorgeous!
4. Oh, dear! I … about the meeting!
5. The children … up and can make their own decisions.
6. What are you going to wear? – No idea. I … anything for the party yet.
7. The kids … all the sweets!
8. I can’t control the car! I think the tyre … out!
9. What a terrible noise! You … up the baby!
10. It’s unbelievable! You … up smoking!
11. I … on weight. I must cut down on fatty food.
12. I … so much about you!
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Exercise 3.5
Look at the pictures and say what has happened. Use the following verbs:
break
dye
fall
get (2)
lose
start
create
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5. “I … a masterpiece!”
6. Julia … weight.
7. Bill … older.
8. Mrs Smart … her hair.
1. Mr Lucky has broken his 4.
leg.
2. They … married.
5.
3. He … asleep.
6.
4. It … to rain.
7.
Part IV
Present Perfect Simple for actions that continue to the present
Exercise 4.1
Complete the sentences with for or since.
1. The Smiths haven’t been to the cinema for a while.
2. They haven’t been to the cinema … their baby was born.
3. Barbara has been in Japan … July.
4. She’s been in Japan … six months.
5. Gerry has worked for the same company … ten years.
6. He has worked as a sales representative … then.
7. Charles has lived in London … 1996.
8. He’s lived there … a long time.
9. Things have been difficult … Carol lost her job.
10. Things have been difficult … the last two years.
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Exercise 4.2
Ask questions about these people with How long. Give answers using for or since.
1. Max is in hospital. (Monday)
How long has Max been in hospital? – He has been in hospital since Monday.
2. Carol teaches Japanese. (1997)
3. Brian works as an interpreter. (10 years)
4. Michael lives in London. (1998)
5. My parents know the Browns. (university)
6. Darren is here. (2 hours)
7. We have the same car. (5 years)
8. You travel. (childhood)
9. Bianca is learning French. (March)
10. It’s raining. (an hour and a half)
Exercise 4.3
Write sentences about these situations with for or since.
1. Hilary plays the violin. She started two years ago.
Hilary has played the violin for two years.
2. Martha has a new job. She got it three months ago.
3. Andrew knows Jessica. He met her at a party in 2008.
4. She is sick. She caught a cold two days ago.
5. They are married. They got married in 2001.
6. Terry works as a receptionist in a hotel. He started five years ago.
7. Bob and Susan have a VW. They bought it two months ago.
8. Andy runs a small business. He started four years ago.
9. Jill lives in Scotland. She arrived there last year.
10. I have a Swiss watch. I bought it in 2002.
Part V
Present Perfect Simple, Present Simple and Past Simple
Exercise 5.1
Choose the correct tense form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Martin is/ has been in New Zealand since March.
I know / have known Sarah for a long time.
I know / have known Sarah very well.
How long do you live / have you lived in this flat?
Tim doesn’t usually drink/hasn’t usually drunk coffee.
I don’t travel/haven’t travelled so much recently.
Mark works / has worked as a programmer all his life.
Chris works / has worked for a travel company now.
83
9. Paul suffers / has suffered from earache since Monday.
10.I already know / have already known about his future plans.
11.Is that a new bag? – No, I have / have had it for a long time.
12. He is / has been in Italy at the moment. He is / has been there for the last two days.
Exercise 5.2
Use the proper tense forms in the following sentences with since.
1. Joseph (look) a lot happier since he (lose) his job.
has looked, lost
2. Our English (improve) a lot since we (go) to live in Canada.
3. Since Fred (shave off) his beard nobody (recognize) him.
4. Emma (not change) at all since I last (see) her.
5. Lucy (make) lots of friends since she (move) to Detroit.
6. Since they (start) doing sports, things (be) much better.
7. He (not drive) his car since he (have) the accident.
8. Since I (graduate) from university I (take) up two jobs.
9. How long is it since she (disappear)?
10. I (not talk) to your cousin since she (arrive) from New-York.
Exercise 5.3
Open the brackets and use the Present Perfect or the Past Simple tense form.
1. Sue (play) the violin for 5 years.
has played
2. Sue (start) playing the violin five years ago.
3. Dan (be) in Japan for three days. He’s enjoying it there.
4. Dick (be) in Japan for a week, then he went to Korea.
5. We (know) Linda for two years. We (meet) her husband a year ago.
6. When Patricia (buy) these shoes?
7. How long you (have) these shoes? – For a few days. Aren’t they beautiful?
8. Miranda (buy) her car three years ago.
9. I (have) my car for three years. It’s fast and comfortable. I like it.
10. I (have) a BMW for two years. Then it broke down and I sold it.
11. I (work) for this company for five years. It’s a really good job.
12. Julia (work) in a restaurant for a year. Then she found another job.
Exercise 5.4
Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect or the Past Simple tense form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Agatha Christie (write) a lot of detective stories.
wrote
My sister (write) several poems. She just (finish) her new one.
This is our new flat. – How long you (live) here? – We (live) here since April.
They (live) in Manchester for a year, then they (move) to London.
I (fly) over New York Harbor last week. – You (see) the Statue of Liberty?
You (turn) off the light before you (go) to work?
I can’t go out because I (not do) the housework.
84
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
I never (try) sushi.
We (redecorate) the flat but we can’t choose new furniture for it.
Here is your coat. I just (clean) it.
When I (be) a child, I never (eat) cheese. I (not like) it.
But when I (get) older, I (begin) to like cheese and (eat) it ever since.
The film (begin) at 6.00 and (last) for an hour. We (not) enjoy it very much.
The postman (bring) the magazine? – Yes, mum is reading it.
It (be) quite warm this year.
Exercise 5.5
Complete the following conversations with the Present Perfect or Past Simple tense
forms.
1.– They … (leave) yet?
– Yes, they … .
– When they … (leave)?
– They … (leave) 10 minutes ago.
6.– I … (lose) my umbrella. You … (see)
it anywhere?
– No, I’m afraid, I … . When you last
… (use) it?
2.– You ever … (go) to China?
– Yes, I … (go) there last summer.
– You … (have) a good time?
– Yes, it … (be) great.
7.– Peter just (go) out.
– Where he (go)?
– I (not see) where he (go).
3.– I … (buy) a new leather bag in L.A.
– How much you … (pay) for it?
8.– What … (be) your last job?
– I never … (have) any job.
4.– Do you know Mary’s cousin?
– I … (see) him several times. But
nobody … (introduce) us. You ever
… (speak) to him?
–Yes, I … (meet) him at a party last
week. He’s very nice.
9.– I hear somebody … (murder) your
gardener. Where you … (find) the
body?
– I … (find) it in the backyard.
– They … (catch) the murderer?
– No, they … .
5.– Is this your car?
– Yes, it is.
– How long … (have) it?
– It’s new. I … (buy) it yesterday.
10. – Where do you live?
– In Oxford Street.
– How long you… (live) there?
– Three years. Before that I … (live)
in Harley Street.
– How long you … (live) in Harley
Street?
– About five years.
85
Exercise 5.6
Decide if the underlined forms are right or wrong. Correct the wrong ones.
1.
2.
3.
4.
He has broken his arm in a skiing accident last month.
Wrong. broke
Beethoven composed For Elise when he was almost totally deaf.
I play the piano since I was five years old.
This car is in our family for 25 years. My father has used it for the first 10 years,
my sister has driven it for the next 10 years and I have it for the last five.
5. Mrs Marble is my best friend. – How long do you know her?
6. John works for the BBC. He works there for 6 months. Before that he has
worked as a journalist in the local newspaper. He has worked there for two
years but didn’t enjoy it very much.
7. It’s the first time he has driven a VW.
8. We have had a terrible day today. Our car broke down, my husband got sick and
our dog ran away.
9. We stayed in New York last winter. – How long have you stayed there?
10. It’s three years since I heard from him.
Exercise 5.7
Read Madonna’s biography. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense forms,
Present Simple, Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple.
Madonna (1) … (be) an American recording artist and actress. She (2) … (be)
born August 16, 1958 in Michigan. In 1977 she (3) … (move) to New York City to
make a career in modern dance. After performing in pop groups, she (4) … (release)
her debut album. She (5) … (follow) it with a number of albums which (6) … (be)
very popular. Madonna (7) … (always/be) famous for her variable musical
productions.
Her career as an actress (8) … (begin) in 1985. She (9) … (win) several awards,
including a Golden Globe Award which she (10) … (receive) in 1996. However her
other film roles (11) … (not be) successful since then. During her life Madonna (12)
… (try) many things – fashion design, writing books for children, directing and
producing films. She (13) … (also/own) a recording company now. She (14) … (be)
quite successful in business so far.
Madonna (15) … (sell) more than 250 million records within her career. In
2000 Guinness World Records (16) … (list) her as the world's most successful
female recording artist of all time.
Exercise 5.8
Complete the interview using the correct tense form, Present Perfect or Past Simple.
Interviewer: Today I’m talking to Darren Ramshaw, the American film director. Tell
me, Darren, how long you (1) … (be) a film director?
Darren:
I (2) … (study) film-making at university in the 1980s, and I (3) …
(work) as a director for more than 20 years now.
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Interviewer: What (4) … (be) the first film that you (5) … (make)?
Darren:
“Happy together” in 1987, but it (6) … (not be) popular at all, so
nobody (7) … (see) it since then. My first successful film (8) … (come)
out three years later.
Interviewer: And how many countries you (9) … (go) to? You (10) … (work)
outside the US?
Darren:
I (11) … (make) films in many countries – France, Brazil, even Russia.
Last month I (12) … (fly) to Tokyo and (13) … (spend) a week there.
Interviewer: When you (14) … (go) to Russia?
Darren:
In 2003. I (15) … (want) to make a film about World War II, and I (16)
… (walk) along Moscow streets for three hours every day.
Interviewer: What do you like best about your job?
Darren:
I (17) … (travel) to almost all countries of the world. And I (18) …
(meet) a huge number of interesting people!
Interviewer: You (19) … (begin) any new projects lately?
Darren:
Yes, two weeks ago I (20) … (sign) a new contract, but it’s still a secret.
Interviewer: Thank you, Darren. It (21) … (be) very interesting to talk to you.
Part VI
Practice Test
6.1 Which alternative is correct?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I … my homework.
a) just have done
b) have just done
c) just did
How … to open the door?
a) you’ve managed
b) have you managed
c) did you manage
Bella Freud was born in London and … there since 1990.
a) lives
b) has been lived
c) has lived
You are quite popular. How many albums … in your career?
a) did you make
b) you have made
c) have you made
I … my family since I … to study in London.
a) don’t see, came
b) haven’t seen, came c) didn’t see, have come
The band … Spain twice so far.
a) has been toured
b) toured
c) have toured
My brother Joe and I … a band, all our life.
a) have always had
b) always have
c) always had
Bob Dylan … so many fantastic songs for so many years.
a) has written
b) is writing
c) wrote
We …Tom Cruise at a film premiere.
a) saw
b) have seen
c) have saw
Who … Gone with the Wind?
a) has wrote
b) has written
c) wrote
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6.2 Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Last year we (play) in concerts in Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan.
It’s ages since we (watch) a good comedy.
They (tour) the States a few times.
I never (wear) black these days. I (look) older in black.
Shakespeare never (go) to university.
Mr Pill (work) as a doctor for 30 years. Then he (retire) and (move) to London.
I (not hear) from her for two years. I wonder where she is now.
Mrs Zero is a teacher. She (teach) Maths for ten years.
We (not watch) a video in class before.
How long you (work) for the company? – For two years. I like this job.
6.3 Correct these sentences.
1. I’ve never been in Japan but I’d like to go there one day.
2. I never have made such mistakes.
3. You work a lot lately.
4. He’s flown all over the world to spend time with his wife, isn’t he?
5. We haven’t had many problems as far.
6. Where have you found your notebook?
7. As you’ve waken the baby try to get her back to sleep now.
8. I live in London since I was ten years old.
9. It is taken half an hour to get to work.
10. What time have you gone to bed? – Sue called me at ten, and then I went to bed.
6.4 Translate into English.
Они уже записали свой альбом? – Да. И они записали уже 6 хитов.
Почему произошла авария? – Автобус проехал на красный свет.
В этом году вы были очень заняты, не так ли? – Да, мы побывали в 10
турах!
4. Сколько музыкальных произведений написал Моцарт?
5. Я преподаю французский два года. Это трудная, но интересная работа.
6. Она одна из самых умных женщин, которых я когда-либо встречал.
7. Кейт любит роскошные вещи. Она всегда была такой.
8. Ты когда-либо слышала что-нибудь о его происхождении? – Я только
знаю, что его отец был известным художником.
9. Я потерял паспорт! – Где ты потерял его?
10. Как долго ты изучаешь английский? – Год. До этого я пять лет изучал
немецкий в школе.
1.
2.
3.
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Unit 9
Present Perfect Continuous
Part I
Forming the Present Perfect Continuous
Exercise 1.1
Complete the sentences with a verb in the Present Perfect Continuous tense form.
argue
make
surf
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
do
ring
think
increase
shout
try
live
study
work
I have been making a pie. That’s why my hands are all covered with flour.
His mobile … for fifteen minutes. I wonder why he doesn’t answer it.
He … extra hours. That’s why he looks so tired.
You … English for a year and don’t even know the alphabet!
We … about it for the past three hours and haven’t come to an arrangement yet.
You … at each other for over an hour. Perhaps you should stop now.
I … to upgrade my computer recently. I’ve spent a fortune!
You are shaking like a leaf. I wonder what you … .
He … in Seattle for a few months.
I … of buying a netbook lately.
The world population … very fast recently.
You … the Internet for the last four hours! Isn’t it time to stop?
Exercise 1.2
Complete the questions. Put the verbs in the Present Perfect Continuous.
1. Your clothes stink! What have you been doing (do)?
2. Why are your hands dirty? … (mend) the washing machine?
3. I’m a receptionist. – How long … (work) as a receptionist?
4. Sorry I’m late. … (wait) long?
5. The ground is wet. … (rain)?
6. Sandra is hot and tired. … (play) tennis?
7. My brother has just come home. … (fish) all day long?
8. George has a black eye and Harry has a cut lip. … (fight)?
9. Betty’s eyes are red. … (cry)?
10.Tom has just come from the beach. … (lie) in the sun?
11.Your boyfriend’s hands are covered in oil. … (repair) the car?
12. I can’t go out. I’m looking after my sister’s baby. – How long … (look after) her?
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Exercise 1.3
Match a line in A with a line in B and write sentences about Laura.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A
1. Laura is tired
Laura is tired because she’s been
pottering in the garden.
2. She is crying
3. Her flat smells of onions and garlic
4. Her flat is so clean and tidy
5. Her clothes are wet
6. She is furious
7. She is sunburnt
8. She is out of money
9. Her eyes hurt
10.She’s got paint on her clothes
B
because
bathe her kids
clear up the mess
cook
paint the walls
potter in the garden
read for two hours
shop
sunbathe
wait for a bus for an
hour
watch a soap opera
Part II
Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Continuous
Exercise 2.1
Choose the correct tense form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
I have read/ have been reading the whole day.
How many pages have you read/have you been reading so far?
We have walked/ have been walking five kilometres.
We have walked/ have been walking for two hours.
We have walked/ have been walking too fast. That’s why we’re tired.
That guy has eaten/has been eating twenty doughnuts.
He has eaten/has been eating since he arrived.
I have only heard/have only been hearing from him twice this year.
90
9.
10.
11.
12.
Things have changed/have been changing since I was a girl.
Mary has been lived/has been living in this city for twenty years.
Why have you been/have you being in the garage so long?
I have made/ have been making sandwiches all morning. – How many have you
made/ have you been making?
13. What a lovely smell! – Yes, mum has roasted/ has been roasting chicken.
14. We have picked/ have been picking apples since morning and we have picked/
have been picking three basketfuls.
Exercise 2.2
Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Sometimes
both the tenses are possible.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Jim (plant) trees in the garden all day.
has been planting
He (plant) ten trees so far.
I can’t drive. I (drink).
I (do) my homework. I can go for a walk now.
He (work) in this office for a month.
The personnel manager (speak) to all the applicants.
He (interview) the applicants since morning.
I (swim). That’s why my hair is all wet.
He (swim) in every ocean in the world.
You (smoke) a lot recently. You should smoke less.
Somebody (smoke) all my cigarettes.
I (hear) from her regularly since she left.
He (cough) a lot lately. He should give up smoking.
I (teach) hundreds of students but I (never/meet) such a brilliant group!
She (hope) for a pay rise for the last two years.
Exercise 2.3
Ask two questions to every sentence starting with How long and How much/How
many.
1. I’m learning Japanese.
How long have you been learning it? How many Japanese books have you read?
2. I’m making doughnuts.
3. I’m looking for a job.
4. I’m travelling round Europe.
5. Linda is doing the shopping.
6. Michael is fishing.
7. Andy is selling newspapers in the street.
8. Amanda is answering the phone in the office.
9. Emily is writing letters.
10.Helen is translating a book.
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Exercise 2.4
Read the letter. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous.
Dear Arthur,
I was glad to get your letter yesterday. Things at home (1) … (be) the same so far.
Your mother (2) … (work) hard. I (3) … (not hear) from Tim. Probably he (4) …
(revise) for the exams recently. Amanda (5) … (just/pass) her driving test. Your
father (6) … (repair) his old Toyota for the past few weeks. I think it will be ready
next week. Our grandmother (7) … (not feel) very well recently. She (8) … (visit)
the doctor three times since you left. I hope you enjoy your stay in South Africa. (9)
… (you/be) to a football match yet?
Hope to hear from you soon.
Love,
Mary.
Part III
Present Perfect Continuous and various tenses
Exercise 3.1
Write sentences about these situations with since or for. Use Present Perfect Simple,
Present Perfect Continuous, Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
I run a small business. I started it in 1998.
I’ve been running a small business since 1998.
Jake plays the cello. He started two years ago.
My brother lives in Bern. He moved there last year.
It started raining at six o’clock. It’s still raining.
I started cooking at eleven. Lunch was ready an hour later.
My granny wears glasses. She started wearing them ten years ago.
I drive a car. I got it for my birthday.
Gary plays football. He started several years ago.
Harold got a job as a sales manager in 1987. He retired five years later.
Mary is a nurse. She got her diploma in April.
The kids are playing computer games. They started right after lunch.
Sam has got his own sports club. He bought it three years ago.
In 1980 Ronald Reagan won the presidential election. Nine years later he left
office.
I’m an assistant surgeon in a local hospital. I got this job a week ago.
My sister is talking on the phone with her boyfriend. She started when I came
home.
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Exercise 3.2
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense, Present Perfect Simple or Continuous,
Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple or Past Continuous.
A
1. The Martins (spend) their summer in England for years.
2. They (move) to Leeds five years ago and we (not see) them ever since.
3. They (live) here for over a year and they still (not know) their neighbours.
4. Where you (be)? I (wait) for ages.
5. Dr Scalpel is a surgeon. He (begin) an operation at 7 this morning and he
(already/operate) for 4 hours.
6. Jane (not come) home yet. She (be) in the library. She (be) there for the past six
hours. She (revise) for the exam since early morning. She (prepare) ten topics so
far. She (write) something when I (see) her there this morning
B
1. – You (be) out of breath. (you/run)?
– Right! I (make) up my mind to take up jogging. I (want) to lose weight. I
(exercise) this morning as well.
– Wow! How long (you/do) sports?
– For about a month.
– How much (you/lose) so far?
– About two pounds.
2. – I (not hear) anything from you since we (leave) school. What (you/do) all this
time?
– Well, I (get) married, I (find) a well-paid job and I (buy) a flat.
– Oh, you (not waste) your time!
3. – I (not see) you for ages. Where (you/be)?
– I (visit) relatives.
– Where (you/go)?
– I (go) to Melbourne to see my cousins.
4. –(it/rain)?
– No, … . But the ground (be) wet. It (rain).
– Since when (it/rain)?
– Since seven in the morning, I think. It (rain) when I (get) up.
5. –(you/be) busy lately?
– Yes, I … . I (be) extremely busy.
– What (you/do)? (you/work) on your project?
– No, I … . I (prepare) for a seminar. I (work) on the project last week.
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Exercise 3.3
Use the correct tense form of the verb in brackets, Present Perfect Simple or
Continuous, Present, Past or Future Simple.
Last year Brian and Barbara (1) … (decide) to buy a house. Since then they (2) …
(save) money. They (3) … (never/have) their own house before. They (4) … (live) in a
tiny flat since they (5) … (marry). Brian (6) … (not mind) when Barbara (7) … (insist)
on a house with a big garden. They (8) … (search) for a suitable house for the past six
month, but they (9) … (not find) one yet. Last week they (10) … (see) a couple of nice
houses. As Barbara (11) … (not like) the location of the first house, they (12) …
(decide) to see one more. They (13) … (go) to see it the same day. But the price (14)
… (be) too high. The owner (15) … (ask) much more than they (16) … (be) willing to
pay. But Barbara really (17) … (like) the second house and now she (18) … (be) sure
she (19) … (persuade) Brian to buy it. Brian (20) … (not figure) out yet where he (21)
… (get) the money. He (22) … (hope) Barbara (23) … (change) her mind.
Exercise 3.4
Read the job interview. Put the verbs in the correct tense form.
Ms Simpson: Good morning, my name is Ms Simpson. Sorry, I’m a bit late. (1)…
(you/wait) long?
Robert:
That’s no problem, Ms Simpson.
Ms Simpson: You (2) … (apply) for the Laboratory Assistant's position, right?
Robert:
Yes, Ms Simpson. When I (3) … (see) it advertised, I (4) … (think) it
would really suit me. I (5) … (look) for a job for the last two months.
Ms Simpson: Can you tell me why you (6) … (reply) to our advertisement?
Robert:
Well, I (7) … (always/enjoy) science and I (8) … (believe) that this
position will extend my skills in this area. I (9) … (think) that I'll be
really good at this work. In fact I (10) … (learn) so fast.
Ms Simpson: (11) … (you/know) exactly what you (12) … (do) as an Assistant?
Robert:
A Laboratory Assistant (13) … (help) with the equipment and (14) …
(prepare) the chemicals for experiments.
Ms Simpson: (15) … (you/enjoy) studying while you (16) … (be) at college?
Robert:
I suppose I (17) … (be) a reasonable student. I (18) … (pass) all my
tests and (19) … (enjoy) studying subjects that interested me.
Ms Simpson: (20) … (you/have) any further plans?
Robert:
For the last few months I (21) … (think) of going to college.
Ms Simpson: (22) … (you/ever/have) a job before?
Robert:
Yes. I (23) … (work) part-time at a take-away food store.
Ms Simpson: How long (24) … (you/be) there and why (25) … (you/leave)?
Robert:
I (26) … (be) there for a year but I (27) … (not enjoy) it. I (28) …
(help) in the kitchen all day.
Ms Simpson: I think I (29) … (ask) you everything I (30) … (want) to. Well, we
(31) … (get) in touch with you next week. Thank you for coming.
Robert:
Thank you.
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Part IV
Practice Test
4.1 Which alternative is correct?
1. You … the piano for 3 hours. That’ll do for now!
a) play
b) are playing
c) have been playing
2. This is a great restaurant! We …there a lot lately.
a) have gone
b) have been going
c) go
3. How long … for this company? – For a year. I really like it.
a) are you working
b) do you work
c) have you been working
4. He … a lot of weight since he came to Germany.
a) has been putting on
b) has put on
c) has putted on
5. Margaret … for her passport since she … on the train.
a) was looking, got
b) has been looking, got c) looked, has got
6. They … in Johannesburg before they moved to Cape Town.
a) lived
b) have lived
c) have been living
7. This is my favourite bag. I … it for three years.
a) have
b) have had
c) have been having
8. She … Greek at Oxford University.
a) has studied
b) has been studying
c) studied
9. She … because she … onions.
a) is crying, has cut
b) has cried, was cutting c)is crying, has been cutting
10.How many computers … a day?
a) do you sell
b) have you sold
c) have you been selling
4.2 Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
1. I (travel) a lot lately, but I (come) to Australia for the first time.
2. Since when (you/revise) for the exams?
3. She (find) two jobs since she (graduate).
4. I (write) an essay. I (write) half of it so far.
5. Who (play) the trumpet on Sunday morning? Could you stop it, please?
6. Why is there water on the floor? – I (water) the plants.
7. I (have) a nightmare when the alarm (wake) me up.
8. They (go) out after breakfast and (not come) back yet.
9. I (see) this film three times when I (be) in the States. And (you/ever/see) it?
10. You (look) tired. (you/sleep) well lately?
95
4.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I’m waiting for you for three hours.
How long you have been learning English?
They are living in New York since 1998.
I’ve been trying to enter university since two years.
It has being real fun for us!
Since when did they learn English?
I’ve been knowing Mr Harrison for some time.
As he has still been absent, we should call the police.
He has already been smoking two packs of cigarettes.
She wears the same dress since I’ve met her.
4.4 Translate into English.
1. Я занимаюсь одной и той же работой с тех пор, как приехал в Лондон.
2. На протяжении своей карьеры Стивен Спилберг заработал миллионы
долларов. Он много работал всю жизнь.
3. В последнее время я подумываю о том, чтобы начать свой собственный
бизнес.
4. Майкл Джексон был весьма успешным певцом. Мне всегда нравилось
слушать его песни.
5. Он зарабатывает двадцать долларов в час. – Как долго он работает в этой
компании?
6. Я работаю в этом магазине с тех пор, как вышел на пенсию. Наш магазин
всегда нанимал людей всех возрастов.
7. Ты отлично выглядишь! Ты ходила в последнее время в фитнес центр?
8. В течение тридцати лет Фил работал полицейским, но последние пять лет
он продает на улице газеты.
9. Все больше и больше бездомных появляется в последнее время на улицах
больших городов.
10.В течение последних нескольких месяцев я пытаюсь найти себе жилье, но
пока мне не везет.
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Unit 10
Modal verbs
Part I
Have to
Exercise 1.1
Complete the sentences with ‘ve got to or ‘s got to and a verb from the box.
do
get
get up
give
go
help
see
speak
take
work
You’ve got to see the doctor as soon as possible. The symptoms show you’ve got
food poisoning.
2. Mary is a bit overweight. She … some exercises to keep fit.
3. The doctor prescribed me new effective medicine for my sore throat. I … it three
times a day after meals.
4. It’s a pity you can’t stay with us longer. – I’m so sorry but I … now or I’ll miss
my train.
5. Mike … early tomorrow morning as he’s leaving for the airport at 6a.m.
6. You … me with all this housework! I can’t cope with it myself.
7. Our regular opening hours are 10a.m. to 7p.m. So you … with customers six
hours a day with a break for lunch.
8. We’re running late today, so you … the kids from school. Don’t forget!
9. If you don’t pay on time, we … you a fine of up to $1,000.
10. My granny doesn’t understand much French, so you … very slowly to her.
1.
Exercise 1.2
Complete the sentences with have to, has to, had to or will have to and a suitable
verb.
1. I went to the market on my way home because I had to buy some food for dinner.
2. In many countries men … in the army.
3. Susan is going to bed early tonight. She … up at 6 tomorrow morning.
4. The bus came late, so we … very long.
5. I need an extra job. I … too many bills.
6. Sam can’t wear ordinary street clothes at his working place. He … a formal suit.
7. You … a visa at first if you want to go to the UK.
8. Sorry, I didn’t come to you party last night. I … to the garage to get my car back.
9. This train doesn’t go to London. You … at Oxford.
10.If the pain gets worse, you … the doctor.
11.You … a new driving licence next year.
12.Kate … now, because it’s time for her to catch the train.
97
Exercise 1.3
Answer the questions about you.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Do you have to do your homework every day?
Yes, I do. (No, I don’t)
Did you have to go to work yesterday?
Does your father have to get up early every morning?
Do you have to pay much for your accommodation?
Did you have to take any exams to enter university?
Does your mother have to cook at home all the time?
Do you have to do a lot of projects at university?
Does your grandmother have to go to work?
Did you have to wear uniform at school?
Exercise 1.4
Make true sentences about you and your family, using the chart. Add a comment if
you can.
1.
2.
I have to do the cooking from time to time. I don’t mind.
My mother doesn’t have to do the washing. We’ve got a washing machine.
I
We
My parents
My mother
My father
My sister
My brother
My cousin
My granny
My granddad
have to
has to
don’t have to
doesn’t have to
go to work
go to school
do the shopping
do the cooking
do the ironing
do the washing
walk the dog
get up early
water the plants
baby-sit
Exercise 1.5
Write questions. Some are present, some are past or future.
I have to water this plant very carefully. (Why … ?)
Why do you have to water it carefully?
2. Betsy has to take lots of pills for her headache. (How many … ?)
3. You have to make an appointment if you want to see the dentist. (Do … ?)
4. I had to get up early yesterday. (What time … ?)
5. My parents had to pay a lot for their housing repairs. (How much … ?)
6. Mary has to leave the office late tonight. (Why … ?)
7. I had to wait for a plumber a long time. (How long … ?)
8. Sam sometimes has to work at weekends. (How often … ?)
9. I think I’ll have to buy a new car soon. (Why … ?)
10. You have to learn this poem by heart. (Do….?)
1.
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Part II
Must
Exercise 2.1
Complete the sentences. Use must and one of these verbs.
clean
keep
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
do
phone
eat
take
give up
visit
hurry
win
Mike doesn’t want anyone to know about his wedding. I must keep it a secret.
We … up. Otherwise we’ll miss the bus.
My back hurts. I … some medicine immediately.
I forgot to congratulate Paul last night. I … him today.
The windows are dirty. I … them.
I forgot to water the plants before my holidays. I … it now !
I … eating fatty food. I start having regular stomachaches.
Father broke his arm and he’s in hospital now. – I … him .
This tennis match tomorrow is very important for me. I … !
Porridge is really healthy. I … it every morning.
Exercise 2.2
Complete the sentences with must and a suitable ending.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
This new pizzeria over there is excellent! You must try their dishes one day!
This is a wonderful book. You … !
Nick hates liars. You … !
This is a thrilling movie. You … !
I feel so lonely. You … !
She’s a glamorous actress. You … !
He’s got a big problem at work. You … !
I know you’re going to Paris. You … !
Oh, this dress is marvelous! You … !
Her new roommate is really charming! You … !
Exercise 2.3
Put in must, have to, has to or had to.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The car is very dirty. I must wash it.
In some countries women … do military service.
He … go to the supermarket yesterday to buy some food.
Jake was nearly late for his exam this morning. He … to take a taxi to be on time.
I am mad about Johnny Depp. I … see his new film.
When men enter a church, they … take off their hats.
Bill didn’t have enough money to buy a new laptop, so he … borrow some.
John has no one to help him, so he … move the furniture himself.
99
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Kate failed her French exam last month. Now she … work hard with a tutor.
I eat too many sweets and biscuits. I … stop or I’ll put on weight again.
My mum didn’t know how to use the new dishwasher, so the salesperson … show.
I … go now, I’ve got a lot to do.
Carrie is an extremely popular beautician. You … make an appointment beforehand.
We wanted to finish the meeting in time for dinner, so we … begin very early.
If I want to get a promotion soon, I … work as hard as I can.
Exercise 2.4
Put in mustn’t or don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t have to.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
At last it’s Sunday tomorrow. I don’t have to get up early.
You … drive without a license. It’s against the law.
This letter is very important. You … lose it.
I … book a hotel in London, I stayed with Zoe’s parents.
You … go home alone late at night, it’s dangerous.
We … redecorate the house when we bought it. It was decorated with taste.
Oh, Jack, you … drive fast, we have plenty of time.
We have enough food at home, so we … go shopping today.
You … smoke in this restaurant, it isn’t allowed.
My younger son Jimmy is so happy on holiday because he … go to bed until 11.00.
Passengers … get off the bus before it stops.
Mary … cook. Her mum does it for her.
We … take a taxi from the airport. Our neighbour gave us a lift.
My father … go to work. He’s retired.
Part III
Should
Exercise 3.1
Complete the sentences. Use should and one of these verbs.
buy
learn
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
eat
take
enter
talk
get
relax
go
visit
When you go on a diet, you should eat more vegetables.
If you often oversleep, you … an alarm clock.
You are not looking well today. You … to bed.
My boss drives me mad all the time! – You … a new job then.
I think your daughter … that talent contest! She dances so well.
You … never … to people like this! It’s rude!
You’ve been so busy all the week. You … and take things easy.
I think you … your raincoat. The weather forecast says it’ll rain tomorrow.
Do you think I … some French before I go to Paris? – That would be really nice.
The art gallery is rich in masterpieces. Tourists … it.
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Exercise 3.2
Give advice to some people. Use I think … should or I don’t think … should.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Dave wants to leave college after his first year. I think he should go on studying.
Jane spends a fortune on her phone bills.
Ann is so worried about these spots on her face!
Oh, no! I’ve lost my car keys!
James is so upset. He’s failed his English exam again.
Tom and Charlotte are in love and want to get married, but they are only 17.
My son is online twenty-four hours a day!
Carol bought this camera only a couple of days ago, but it doesn’t work.
Nick drank two glasses of wine at the party, and he wants to drive home.
I’m always late for my morning classes!
Exercise 3.3
Ask your friend for advice. Use Do you think … should … ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Oh, look, what a marvelous dress!
Do you think I should buy it?
Lisa is leaving school this year.
Do you think she should go to university?
Mike has invited me to his mum’s anniversary party.
Kate desperately needs someone to help her learn to drive. Who … ?
I’m so tired! I need a change. What … ?
This hotel is an absolute dream but it’s too expensive for us.
Fiona’s boss has just offered her a post at his company.
They don’t like living in New York – it’s too stressful.
Sarah isn’t talking to me today because last night I played a joke on her.
My neighbour is always borrowing money and never gives it back to me.
My car is very old.
Megan has forgotten to congratulate her fiend on her birthday.
Exercise 3.4
Complete the sentences with a positive or negative form of have to or should.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
This new detective novel is really intelligent. I think you should read it.
I’m absolutely exhausted. I … go to bed right now, sorry.
Mark is so intelligent. I think he … try and get a better job.
She … travel a lot for her work, so her kids feel really lonely.
You … do all the exercise. Five sentences will be enough.
It’s a desert plant, so Jack … water it every day.
She has poor eyesight, she … watch TV too often.
She has poor eyesight, she … wear glasses all the time.
If you ever go to Madrid, you … visit the Prado Museum.
I … go to the supermarket today. There’s no food in the house.
David works too much. I think he … have a holiday.
I never remember my friend’s address, I always … look it up.
Your room doesn’t look very interesting. You … put some posters on the walls.
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Part IV
Have to, must and should
Exercise 4.1
Fill in the positive or negative form of must, have to or should. Use the correct tense
form of have to. Sometimes two forms are possible.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
I had to go to work early yesterday.
I think you … do something about your car. It’s in terrible condition.
You … wear your seatbelt during the whole of the flight.
You … be a member of the library before you can borrow books.
You … talk to your partner. It’s an examination.
She … take any money because her friend was going to pay.
We … go to all the classes because some of them were optional.
My parents find it hard to support me. I … find a job.
He … wear glasses since he was ten.
You … try to read a map while you’re driving.
If you want to be in good health, you … be overweight.
We’ve run out of soap. I … get some more in the morning.
Megan … go clubbing all night when she has an exam the next day.
I don’t think they … move house now.
Why … you … call the doctor? – My baby had an infection.
Exercise 4.2
Fill in the necessary modal verbs and their forms: can, have to, must, should.
Linda, aged 15, came to babysit for her sister Nancy who has two children –
nine-year-old Caroline and three-year-old Mike. Nancy is going to a party.
 Oh, Linda, come on in. Late again! I have been waiting for you for two hours!
I’m going to be late myself! Anyway, just a couple of words. Caroline (1) … go out
because she (2) … do her homework. So you (3) … let her watch TV until she’s
finished it. And I don’t think you (4) … watch this film with Gerard Butler, you
know, that handsome guy – it starts very late. Don’t forget, Mike likes playing in the
kitchen. So, please, tell him that he (5) … touch any sharp objects or glasses or…….
Oh, Linda, have a look. This dress isn’t a perfect fit any more, I think. I (6) … stop
eating cheese and my favourite pizza! By the way, there’s a cake in the fridge, you
(7) … eat it all, you (8) … leave it for me. And you (9) … do the washing-up, I’m
going to do it tomorrow. So Linda, what else? OK, tell the kids that they (10) …
brush their teeth and have a wash before going to bed, but Caroline (11) … wait up
for me. And you (12) … phone me immediately if something goes wrong! Oh, I (13)
… go now. And Linda, I think you (14) … come on time next time, OK? Bye-bye!
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Exercise 4.3
Sue and her grandmother are talking. Complete their conversation using the correct
forms of modal verbs: have to, must, should, can.
Gran: Are you going to the theatre with me tonight, Sue? You (1) … go to school
tomorrow, it’ a day off.
Sue: Well, I’d love to, but you know, I missed so many classes because of my cold
last week, so I (2) … work hard now, I want to catch up with my classmates.
(3) … you … do homework every day when you went to school?
Gran: Yes, we did. Our teachers were very strict. Besides, my school was far away
from our house and we didn’t have a car.
Sue: How far (4) … you … travel to school?
Gran: Three kilometers, twice a day. You’re lucky. There’re school buses now, so
your mother (5) … give you a lift. And we (6) … wear that stupid uniform. Oh,
I hated it!
Sue: What colour was it?
Gran: Black and brown. And we (7) … wear white socks, they (8) … be black.
Strange, isn’t it?
Sue: We (9) … wear jeans, mini skirts, high heels or any other provocative clothes
either – it’s strictly forbidden!
Gran: Well, your teachers are right, to some extent. By the way, where’s your sister at
the moment?
Sue: Jennifer is in her room. She’s got her exams next week, so she (10) … read a lot.
Gran: How many exams (11) … she … take?
Sue: Five or six. She (12) … get good marks if she wants to go to university.
Gran: But I think both of you (13) … have a rest now. You deserve it after that hard
work! I don’t think you (14) … spend all the time on studies only. Look, the
weather is nice. And they say this new musical in Adelphi Theatre is absolutely
glamorous! You (15) … see it!
Sue: OK, granny. Let’s go. What are you going to wear?
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Part V
Practice test
5.1 Which alternative is correct?
When Ann changed her job, she … move to another flat.
a) has to
b) had to
c) should
2. Mr Smith … cook his own meals. His wife is away.
a) must
b) has to
c) should
3. Jack is so mean. – I think you … say it to him yourself.
a) must
b) have to
c) should
4. You … throw things in the science laboratory. It’s extremely dangerous.
a) have to
b) mustn’t
c) don’t have to
5. I … hand in my essay tomorrow. I’ve got two more days to write it.
a) have to
b) mustn’t
c) don’t have to
6. My ex-boyfriend has invited me to his wedding party. – You … go there.
a) haven’t to
b) mustn’t
c) shouldn’t
7. It’s my granny’s birthday on Sunday. I … remember to send her a card.
a) have to
b) can
c) must
8. When I went to school, I … practise the piano for three hours a day.
a) should
b) had to
c) must
9. It’s an absolutely fantastic exhibition! You … go and see all the masterpieces!
a) must
b) have to
c) will have to
10. … finish this homework today?
a) Have you to
b) Must you
c) Do you have to
1.
5.2 Use the correct form of must, have to or should (positive or negative form,
present or past).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Passengers … smoke on board the plane.
We got lost and … ask a policeman the way to the hotel.
I don’t want the dentist to wait for me. I … arrive on time.
You … drink this liquid: it’s poison.
Do you think I … tell Peter the truth about his girlfriend?
I learnt a little Italian, but everybody spoke English, so I … speak Italian.
You … eat so many sweets. They aren’t good for you.
Sorry, but my bus is at 7:00. I … leave now.
Our restaurant is the best in the city! You … try our local specialty!
You … write a letter – a text message will be quite enough.
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5.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Can he to come to the party with me?
Nick felt ill and must leave early.
You don’t have to leave your luggage in this area. It isn’t allowed.
Though we came to the hotel late, they kept our rooms. So we mustn’t find
another hotel.
5. My mum works at home, so she hasn’t to do a lot of driving.
6. You mustn’t to take any goods out of a shop without paying for them .
7. You look tired. You should to go to bed now.
8. Mary can’t meet me at the airport tomorrow. She should work.
9. You mustn’t bring an alarm clock. There’s one in every hotel room.
10. What have I to do with so many kittens?
5.4 Translate into English.
Ты слишком много работаешь. Я думаю, тебе следует взять отпуск и
хорошенько отдохнуть.
2. Дети всегда очень счастливы летом. Им не нужно ходить в школу.
3. Этот новый фильм такой смешной! Обязательно посмотри его.
4. К сожалению, я не могу пойти с тобой в кино сегодня вечером. Мне
придётся присматривать за младшим братом.
5. Моя машина сломалась вчера по пути домой, пришлось провести много
времени в гараже.
6. Скоро лето. Я хочу быть в форме и прекрасно выглядеть. Нужно бегать по
утрам!
7. Анне очень повезло. Ей не нужно готовить дома, её муж – повар, и обожает
помогать жене на кухне.
8. Тебе не следует играть в компьютерные игры целыми днями. У тебя и так
плохое зрение.
9. Нельзя пользоваться мобильными телефонами во время полёта.
10. Гарри придётся пойти завтра в банк. У него недостаточно денег, чтобы
купить новый компьютер.
1.
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Unit 11
Time and Conditional Clauses
Part I
Time clauses
Exercise 1.1
Complete the sentences with when, before, as soon as, after, while, until, by the time.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
I’ll have lunch when I come home from work.
I’ll call you … my classes are over.
… mother cooks dinner, father will play with the children.
Will you wait for me … I finish packing?
Turn off the lights … you leave home.
The meeting will be over … we get there.
Jane will go to college … she leaves school.
The party won’t start … all the guests arrive.
We’re thinking of going to Spain for our holidays. … we decide to go, I’ll let
you know.
Don’t write anything … I tell you.
… the bell rings, all the pupils will hand in their tests.
I won’t be happy to see her again … she apologizes to me.
We’ll deliver the goods to you … we can.
Exercise 1.2
Complete using the correct form of the verbs in the box.
be (2)
hear
catch
open
find
return
finish
see
get
take
graduate
unpack
We’ll go out as soon as the shop opens .
Call me as soon as you … any news.
She’ll have to do a lot of revision before she … the exam.
Are they going to visit you while they … in the UK?
The lesson can’t start until the teacher … .
It’ll be great when we … a solution.
You drive first, and when you … tired, I’ll drive.
After we … the cathedral, we’ll go to the museum.
I’ll give everyone the souvenirs after I … all my bags.
Claire won’t stop worrying until she … from her daughter.
Before we … a train to the countryside, let’s decide where we are going to have
a picnic.
12. Steven will have two qualifications by the time he … from university.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
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Exercise 1.3
Join the parts of the sentences using the words in brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
She’ll pay me back. She’ll get some money. (as soon as)
She’ll pay me back as soon as she gets some money.
You’ll get to the station. I’ll wait for you outside. (when)
I’ll go to work. I’ll have a bath. (before)
She’ll be in Paris. She’ll visit friends. (while)
The lesson will end. I’ll go home. (as soon as)
I’ll learn the basics. We’ll have our first exam. (by the time)
Can you feed the cats? I’ll be away. (while)
I’ll tell you about the holiday. I’ll get back. (when)
I’ll study English. I’ll speak fluently. (until)
She’ll go to New York. Where will she stay? (when)
I’ll travel around Brazil. My visa will run out. (until)
Mike will give up his career. He’ll have a talk with his wife. (before)
The investigation will begin. The man will contact the police. (after)
Terry will score a goal. I think the crowd will start cheering. (as soon as)
Exercise 1.4
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense. All the sentences are about the future.
1. I will give (give) you my phone number after I move (move) house.
2. … (phone) me when you … (be) in Madrid again.
3. We … (wait) for you until the taxi … (come).
4. You … (have) to write many letters of application before you … (get) your first job.
5. You … (stop) playing by the time it … (get) dark?
6. We … (not get) a table at the restaurant until we … (book) it.
7. While I … (be) abroad, I … (need) to keep in touch with my parents.
8. We … (have) to be careful with money when we … (have) a baby.
9. I … (start) cooking as soon as the kitchen … (be) totally clean.
10.Alison … (work) in the office for two more years before she … (retire).
11.As soon as the new programme … (come) out, it … (be) available for public use.
Part II
Conditional clauses
Exercise 2.1
Complete the sentences. Use the Zero conditional form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
If you/ heat/ water/ it/ boil
If you heat water, it boils.
If you/ send/ an e-mail/ it/ be/ free
It/ be/ dangerous/ if you/ not wear/ a seatbelt
If you/ have/ an injection/ it/ not/ usually/ hurt
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
If you/ not water/ plants and flowers/ they/ die
If the sea/ not be/ calm/ it not be/ safe/ to swim
If the temperature/ fall/ below zero/ water/ freeze
If water/ boil/ it/ change/ into steam
I/ always/ fly/ if I/ travel/ a long distance
If you/ not like/ aeroplane food/ you/ can/ order/ a special meal
If you/ practise/ you English/ every day/ you/ can/ improve it/ quickly
You/ not can/ be independent/ if/ you/ not take responsibility for yourself.
Exercise 2.2
Match the following parts of the sentences.
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
If I go on a diet,
If it’s sunny tomorrow,
If John doesn’t hurry,
If it snows,
If there are no buses,
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
we’ll make a snowman.
Miranda will have to take a taxi.
I’ll lose weight.
he’ll be late.
we’ll go for a picnic.
If you make so much noise,
I’ll tell you
I won’t finish the work
If you’re hungry,
They won’t get married
You won’t understand
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
if there’re any messages for you.
if you don’t help me.
I won’t be able to sleep.
if you don’t listen carefully.
I’ll make you a sandwich.
if he doesn’t get a job.
Exercise 2.3
Compete the sentences. Use the First conditional.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
If you/ join/ a gym/ I/ join/ too.
If you join a gym, I will join too.
If you/ take/ these pills/ you/ start/ feel/ better/ very soon
If I/ go out/ I/ close/ the window
We/ catch/ the train/ if we/ run
If I/ not feel/ well/ tomorrow/ I/ stay at home
If she/ have/ time/ she/ call/ you
Mike/ support/ his daughter/ if she/ enter/ university
Polly/ be satisfied/ if she/ be successful/ in her career
If my company/ buy/ me/ a mobile/ I/ keep it on/ all the time
John/ accept/ the job offer/ if the employer/ agree to his conditions.
If we/ come to an arrangement/ tomorrow/ we/ start/ the business/ next week.
I/ be/ very careful/ if they/ offer me/ to work abroad.
108
Exercise 2.4
Write the questions.
1. What / Kevin / do/ he / fail the exam? What will Kevin do if he fails the exam?
2. Who / they / invite / their daughter / win the competition?
3. What / you / do / there / be a fire?
4. What / Albert / do / he / decide to set up his own business?
5. Who / you / ask for advice / you / have a problem?
6. What / happen / people / eat only fast food?
7. How much / Donna / earn/ she / star in that film?
8. Where / we / go shopping / the local store / not work?
9. When / I / find out the results / I / take the exam next week?
10.How long / you / stay in the US / you / not find a good job?
Part III
Time and conditional clauses
Exercise 3.1
Complete the sentences, putting the verbs in the correct tense.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
If I find your book, I will give it to you. (find/give)
John … as a travel agent after he … . (work/graduate)
She … happy if she … that new job. (not be/not get)
I … for you if you … late. (not wait/be)
Barry … a lot while he … on holiday. (travel/be)
The boy … in bed until he … better. (stay/feel)
After he … his driving test, he … a car. (pass/buy)
She … to the United States before she … married. (return/get)
Julia … her family the presents after they … dinner. (give/have)
If the tourists … for a boat trip, they … a wonderful view of the mountains. (go/get)
When mum … what we’ve done, she … furious. (find out/be)
We … to see the Pyramids as soon as the sun … . (go/rise)
If it … chilly, I … you a jacket. (get/bring)
Exercise 3.2
Translate parts of the sentences from Russian into English.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
If you finish early (я возьму тебя в театр).
(Ты найдешь географическую карту на полке) if you look carefully.
What will you do (если выиграешь 300 миллионов рублей)?
(Если полиция поймает вора) I’ll get my money back.
I’ll give it to him (когда он придет).
As soon as we get his address (мы напишем ему).
If I leave the fish on the table (мой кот съест ее).
109
The soup won’t taste good (пока ты не добавишь больше соли).
(Они увидят королеву) if they arrive in London at Christmas.
(Если вы не перестанете разговаривать) I’ll punish you.
(Как только Тиму исполнится 18 лет) he’ll take up a driving course.
When I arrive in Egypt (я попробую там местную кухню).
(Ты будешь пользоваться солнцезащитным кремом) before you go
sunbathing?
14. I’ll believe this town is very pretty (после того как увижу его сам).
15. You won’t buy anything cheap (пока ты не пойдешь на рынок).
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Exercise 3.3
There is one mistake in each sentence. Write the correct sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
If we’ll go shopping tomorrow, I’ll probably buy a new top.
If mum is tired tonight, I cook dinner.
If I won’t get a good mark at the test, I’ll be very annoyed.
You are tired in the morning if you don’t go to bed soon.
If you see Karen, do you ask her to call me?
Does Frank come with us if we go to the beach at the weekend?
If you need help, will tell you me!
I won’t book the tickets until you’ll tell me to.
I’ll come home as soon as the concert will finish.
He’ll send you a message before he’s going to leave.
We’ll have a perfect holiday if it won’t be too hot or too cold.
They need to go to the coast before the temperature will change.
Exercise 3.4
Complete the conversation. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
Receptionist: New Life Centre. Can I help you?
Woman:
Yes. Could you give me some information about your centre? It’s for
my husband. He needs to lose weight and improve his fitness.
Receptionist: Sure. As soon as he (1) … (arrive) here, he (2) … (take) a fitness test
to see what sort of diet he needs to go on. If he (3) … (decide) to stay,
he (4) … (start) every day at 7.30 with a half-hour walk.
Woman:
Ha-ha! He usually starts a day with a cigarette before breakfast.
Receptionist: He (5) … (be) in big trouble if he (6) … (start) a cigarette here. It’s
strictly no smoking area.
Woman:
It’s a good idea. He says he (7) … (give up) smoking as soon as he (8)
… (feel) more relaxed.
Receptionist: This is the ideal place to relax. While he (9) … (be) here, he (10) …
(do) at least two hours of yoga and meditation every day. After he (11)
… (go) for a morning walk, he (12) … (have) a sauna and jacuzzi.
Woman:
Oh, he’ll enjoy that.
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Receptionist: And some more. If your husband (13) … (choose) our Centre, he also
(14) … (have) a four-hour hike into the mountains every day.
Woman:
Four hours! Incredible!
Receptionist: Don’t worry. After they (15) … (get) to the top of the mountain, they
(16) … (have) a twenty-minute break before they (17) … (come) down
again. The instructor always carries some fruit with him. And what is
more. Somebody (18) … (wait) for them at the foot of the mountain
until they (19) … (come) back. He will offer them some juice.
Woman:
I’m not sure my husband will be happy to go on such long walks.
Receptionist: Believe me, when he (20) … (finish) the week, he (21) … (be) a new man.
Woman:
If he (22) … (finish) the week!
Exercise 3.5
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
Dear Marsha,
I’m not sure what to do. I’m thinking of becoming a vegetarian, but some of my
friends say it’s a bad idea. They say that if I (1) … (stop) eating meat, my body (2) …
(not get) the things it needs to stay healthy. Are my friends right?
Thanks,
Yuri, age 14
Dear Yuri,
Millions of people are vegetarians and they are perfectly healthy. You have to be
careful, though. If you (3) … (give) up eating meat completely and only (4) … (eat)
chocolate and crisps, that (5) obviously … (be) very bad for you. If people (6) … (not
eat) properly, they (7) … (get) ill. But if you (8) … (eat) lots of fruit and salad, you
(9) … (get) all the things you need to stay healthy. You’re only 14 years old. If you
(10) … (live) at home with your parents, and you probably do, you’ll have to ask
them what they think too. Do you expect that your mum (11) … (start) cooking
special meals for you as soon as you (12) … (tell) her about your decision? I believe
that if you (13) … (think) about this carefully, you (14) … (put) off the decision of
becoming a vegetarian until you (15) … (be) a bit older. After you (16) … (make) up
your mind, you (17) … (have) to take the responsibility for yourself, so think
carefully!
Best wishes,
Marsha
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Part IV
Practice test
4.1 Which alternative is correct?
If he … of school, his parents will be furious.
a) drops out
b) will drop out
c) would drop out
2. You won’t pass your exam if you … hard.
a) will not work
b) don’t work
c) isn’t working
3. When I … out of money, I’ll get a job.
a) will run
b) ran
c) run
4. What will you do if there … a fire?
a) is
b) would be
c) was
5. If I … a millionaire, I’ll give lots of money to the poor.
a) became
b) will become
c) become
6. If you … late, I can take your dog for a walk.
a) be
b) are
c) will be
7. Give me a copy of the translation after you … it.
a) finish
b) are finishing
c) finished
8. If I am not working tomorrow, so I … get up early.
a) haven’t got
b) am to
c) won’t have to
9. The musicians … an interview until the concert … over.
a) won’t give, is
b)don’t give, will be
c) won’t give, will be
10. If it … , I’ll take my umbrella.
a) rained
b) will rain
c) rains
1.
4.2 Open the brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
When dinner (be) ready, I (call) you.
Bill (not leave) his parents’ house until he (get) some qualifications.
Chris (feel) better after he (take) a rest.
We (complain) to our neighbours about the noise when we (see) them tonight.
By the time you (finish) this course, your grammar (be) excellent!
Sandy and Jeff (get) married before Sandy (graduate).
Before my exams (be) over, I probably (not have) plans for the coming holidays.
What you (do) while you (be) on holiday?
I (let) you know as soon as we (come) to an arrangement.
After you (visit) our camping site, you (not want) to leave the place.
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4.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
After you’re going to do this test, we’ll play a game.
Will you go to St. Petersburg while you’ll be in Russia?
How old will you be when you will finish this course?
I’ll lend you this book after I readed it.
By the time Marta will get her diploma, she’ll be twenty-one.
Demetri and Iona are going to look for an apartment before they’ll get married.
Jack won’t give up selling newspapers until he will be find another job.
If we are hurry, we’ll get to the shops before they close.
You will can stay with my uncle when you are in London.
When Tom get that job abroad, his life will change dramatically.
4.4 Translate into English.
Если ты не купишь билеты сегодня, мы не посмотрим этот фильм в
субботу.
2. Врач осмотрит пациента, прежде чем выпишет рецепт.
3. Я позвоню тебе, как только приму решение.
4. Если Петр проведет лето в Англии, он будет говорить по-английски
гораздо лучше.
5. Она не начнет учить испанский язык, если у нее не будет больше
свободного времени.
6. Пожалуйста, пришли мне сообщение, как только прилетишь в Египет.
7. Что вы будете делать, если в вашем номере не будет работать
кондиционер?
8. Если образование не будет бесплатным, оно не будет доступно каждому.
9. Эта проблема будет тебя преследовать, пока ты не научишься брать
ответственность на себя.
10. Я не хотел бы вести частный разговор, пока я еду в автобусе.
1.
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Unit 12
The Passive
Part I
The Present Simple and Past Simple Passive
Exercise 1.1
Write sentences from the words in brackets. Sentences 1-6 are present.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
(cheese/ make/ from milk)
(the office workers/ pay/ twice a month)
(the house/ paint/ every year)
(coffee/ grow/ in Brazil?)
(letters/ not/ write/ very often)
(maths/ teach/ at school)
Cheese is made from milk.
Sentences 7-12 are past.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
(the mirror/ break/ yesterday)
(my jewellery/ steal/ last week)
(my car/ damage/ last night)
(the trees/ plant/ in spring?)
(when/ the new trainer/ employ?)
(this suit/ not/ wear/ last month)
The mirror was broken yesterday.
Exercise 1.2
Complete the sentences with one of the following verbs in the correct passive form.
cut
rob
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
delay
take
deliver
teach
keep
visit
make
wake up
Her new book was published last month.
The local bank ... in the morning.
His money ... in the bank.
This museum ... by millions of people every year.
A lot of important discoveries ... in the 20th century.
I ... by a loud noise last night.
Every time he travels by plane, his flight ... .
I learnt to ride a bicycle when I was 6. I ... by my father.
The towels in the hotel ... every day.
How often ... the post ...?
The grass ... never ... in winter.
... the letters ... to the post office yesterday?
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publish
wash
Part II
The Passive with various tenses and structures
Exercise 2.1
Open the brackets using the right passive form of the Present, Past or Future Simple,
Present or Past Continuous, Present Perfect or Past Perfect Simple.
1. Progress is made every day in the world of science.
2. My uncle … (recently/make) a captain.
3. We can’t take the car yet, it … (still/repair).
4. The newspaper … (deliver) before I got up this morning.
5. We hope that the missing money … (find) soon.
6. A lot of money … (spend) on weapons nowadays.
7. Too many offices … (build) in London over the last ten years.
8. I couldn’t go to my favourite cafй. It … (redecorate) .
9. We … (not invite) to the party, so we didn’t go.
10.I’m sorry, madam, but this carpet … (already/sell).
11.Most people agree that America … (not discover) by Christopher Columbus.
12.When she heard that her dog … (kill), she burst into tears.
13.A new ring road … (build) round the city now.
14.A cinema is a place where films … (show).
15. The bridge is closed at the moment. It … (damage) last week and it … (not repair) yet.
Exercise 2.2
Write questions to the underlined parts of the sentences .
1. The telephone was invented in 1876.
When was the telephone invented?
2. Five computers have been bought this week.
3. The key was lost some days ago.
4. Three men were arrested in connection with the robbery.
5. This fruit is grown in very hot countries.
6. She was fined two hundred pounds for careless driving.
7. The workers will be paid $50 every Friday.
8. The house hasn’t been cleaned for weeks.
9. This kind of bread is sold at the local supermarket.
10.The house has been redecorated twice, and now it looks nice.
11.At the moment the man is being interviewed by the police.
Exercise 2.3
Write sentences in the passive.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Milk/ should/ keep/ in the fridge.
Milk should be kept in the fridge.
The books/ have to/ return/ to the library in three days.
The shirt/ must/ dry-clean/ only.
Your health/ can/ improve/ with more exercise.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
My uncle’s new book/ be going to/ publish/ next month.
The article/ be going to/ translate into German?
This sum of money/ can/ change into dollars/ at every bank?
The missing child/ can’t/ find/ anywhere.
The problem/ be going to/ discuss today.
Photographs/ mustn’t/ take/ here.
The walls/ should/ wash/ before/ you/ paint/ them.
Look at the expiry date. This product/ has to/ use/ by next week.
Oil/ have to/ refine/ before making petrol?
Part III
Active and Passive
Exercise 3.1
Rewrite the sentences in the Active.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
The letter is going to be sent tomorrow.
They are going to send the letter tomorrow.
She was employed by an international company.
The exhibition will be opened by the mayor.
The company report is being written by Martin.
Fresh flowers are put in the hotel rooms every day.
The burglar has already been caught by the police.
The injured man had been taken to hospital.
He was chosen as the best actor of the year.
The bill will be brought by the waiter.
This plant should be watered daily.
The crystal vase has been broken.
The dishes haven’t been washed by the children.
Sarah was being interviewed for the job at that moment.
Smoking isn’t allowed in this part of the building.
I was told that fifty people had been invited to the reception.
Exercise 3.2
Rewrite the sentences in the Passive.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Pete cleans the car every week.
The car is cleaned every week.
The gardener has already planted some trees.
A famous designer will redecorate the hotel.
They are packing their suitcases.
You must leave the bathroom tidy.
Van Gogh painted “Sunflowers”.
The mechanic has repaired the car.
An expert is going to restore the antique car.
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9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
A million people visit the cathedral every year.
She had written the letter by 5 o’clock.
Three American astronauts are exploring space this month.
A nightmare woke Mary up.
They called the area the biggest city on earth.
Many reporters will meet the professor at the airport.
Someone has stolen Mike’s bicycle.
Exercise 3.3
Make sentences from the words in brackets. The verb is either active or passive.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
There’s somebody behind us. (I think/we/follow)
I think we are being followed.
I was told lies yesterday. (you/ever/tell lies/ by any of your friends?)
We take the bus to work during the week. (the car/drive/only at weekends)
The bus has been stolen from outside the school. (the police/look for it)
What pretty houses! (they/own by a wealthy family?)
(the computer/use/at the moment?) – Yes, Kelly is using it.
Jack is happy. (his dog/find)
My cousin left our town five years ago. (I/not/see/him/since then)
They invited me to take part in a conference. (the conference/hold/London)
The company cut the water off. (Mr Dixon/not/pay/the bill)
I went to the doctor yesterday. (Dr Peterson/examine/me/give/a prescription)
I’m sorry, sir. (smoking/ban/ in here)
(rice/grow/in this area/for hundreds of years) but now the government is looking
for an alternative crop because (rice/not make/much profit/last year).
Exercise 3.4
Rewrite the following active sentences using a passive form. Make the person the
subject, not the thing. Omit the agent if it is not necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
He offered me a job at his company. I was offered a job at his company.
The company sent him a letter.
The Credit Bank lent me two thousand pounds in 1999.
They gave him a watch when he retired.
They showed us the sights of the city.
She will send you a fax.
I think they will introduce me to their new partner.
Someone has promised the client a discount.
The magician told them the secret.
Has anybody brought you winter clothes?
One of his uncles taught him about stocks and shares.
Someone gave the animal charity a lot of money.
They asked me some difficult questions at the exam.
When I entered the room, the teacher was still asking questions to Richard.
117
Exercise 3.5
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form, active or passive.
Here is the local news for Thursday, March 20th.
Last night in Norstock many trees (1) … (blow) down in the storm. One tree (2)
… (fall) across the main road. It (3) … (take) away by the fire brigade two hours
later. Heavy rain also (4) … (cause) problems on the roads. Some roads (5) …
(cover) by about a metre of water. Many drivers (6) … (leave) their cars and (7) …
(walk) home. The situation this afternoon is better. The water (8) … (disappear) from
the roads, and the last few cars (9) … just … (remove) by the emergency services.
And I can see the telephone engineers at work. The broken lines (10) … (repair). The
traffic now (11) … (move) in and out of the town along the roads.
Last night, a blue Ford (12) … (steal) from outside the house of Mr George
Brown. Mr Brown (13) … (phone) the police. Later, the car (14) … (see) in Green
Street by Mr Brown’s daughter. It was outside the Shepherd pub. The keys were in
the car, so she (15) … (drive) it home. The police (16) … (look) for a careless thief.
And finally, some football news. Norstock Town footballers (17) … just …
(become) champions for the third time! A few minutes ago the referee (18) … (blow)
the whistle at the end of the game. Our reporter Thomas Hardy (19) … (wait) to talk
to us at the stadium.
 Thomas, (20) … it (be) a good game?
 Yes, excellent, very fast and exciting! Norstock’s star player, Bill Klein (21) …
(send) off because he (22) … (kick) one of the players. And the goalkeeper (23)
… (hurt) when he (24) … (crash) into the goalpost. He (25) … (carry) off the field
with leg injuries, so both teams (26) … (play) with ten men for the last few
minutes.
 Is everything all right with the goalkeeper?
 He (27) … (take) to hospital at the moment. The manager (28) … (think) it’s
serious.
 And what (29) … (happen) now at the stadium?
 The Norstock players (30) … (present) with the Champions Cup.
Exercise 3.6
Complete the interview with the correct active or passive form of the verb.
Reporter:
Tracy:
Reporter:
Tracy:
Reporter:
Tracy:
Reporter:
Tracy:
It’s wonderful to interview such a famous person as you.
Yes, you are very lucky!
I know that you (1) … (interview) many times before.
Yes, it’s true.
Also, I know that three books (2) … (write) about you.
Yes, and another one (3) … (write) at the moment.
A film (4) … (make) about your life two years ago.
Oh, it was a brilliant film! The leading role (5) … (play) by a beautiful
young actress.
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(6) … any more films (make) in the future?
Certainly!
Where (7) … you (buy) your clothes from, Tracy?
I (8) … (not buy) them! They (9) … (design) for me.
And what about your beautiful yacht?
It (10) … (bring) from Italy three years ago by my boyfriend, Josh.
You must make a lot of money.
I (11) … (make) lots of money and everybody (12) … (love) me. Flowers
(13) … (send) to my house every day.
Reporter: Not by me, that’s certain.
Reporter:
Tracy:
Reporter:
Tracy:
Reporter:
Tracy:
Reporter:
Tracy:
Part IV
Practice test
4.1 Which alternative is correct?
The famous actress … now for the “Hello” magazine.
a) is interviewing
b) is being interviewed c) interviews
2. Is your car still for sale? – No, it … .
a) has sold
b) is sold
c) has been sold
3. Sometimes mistakes … . It’s inevitable.
a) are made
b) make
c) are being made
4. It’s a serious problem. I don’t know how it can … .
a) solve
b) be solved
c) to solve
5. A new bridge … across the river. Work started last year and the bridge … to
open next year.
a) is being built,
b) is building,
c) is being built,
is expected
is expected
expects
6. The TV … . It’s working again now.
a) is being repaired
b) has repaired
c) has been repaired
7. The restaurant ... a new waiter last week.
a) was employed
b) employed
c) has employed
8. Simon regrets giving up studying French at school, as now he … a job in France.
a) has offered
b) has been offered
c) have been offered
9. When the film “Gone with the Wind” came out, it … highly by critics.
a) praised
b) has been praised
c) was praised
10. I’ve never seen these flowers before. What … ?
a) are they called
b) do they call
c) have they called
1.
119
4.2 Open the brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Shall I do the cleaning? – It … (already/do).
My suit … (make) in France, but I … (buy) it in Italy last April.
My car … (repair) at the moment, so I can’t give you a lift.
Can I be sure that the money … (put) in a safe place in the future?
The boy … (hit) by a car when he … (cross) the street.
Over thirty million hamburgers … (eat) by the British every year.
Fred hopes he … (give) clear instructions before he … (start) work.
You should … (book) the wedding reception a month before the wedding.
‘Heartbreak House’ … (not/write) by Charles Dickens.
They … (open) the new restaurant this evening.
4.3 Correct these sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Many pet dogs are losing every year.
The sick man was been taken to hospital.
The man has followed by the police for the last half hour.
All the food was ate at the party.
Nothing will decided before next Saturday.
The match is playing on Friday evening.
Dangerous animals should keep in cages and never let out in residential areas.
That picture didn’t be painted by Monet.
Mickey Mouse cartoons have translated into sixty languages.
Accident create traffic jams. It’s happened very often.
4.4 Translate into English.
Ты слышала новость? Cегодня утром ограбили магазин. Грабителей
арестовали.
2. Водитель серьезно пострадал в аварии, его отвезли в больницу.
3. Почему Дик не пришел на вечеринку в прошлую субботу? – Ему не
прислали приглашение.
4. Туристов собираются отвезти в центр города. Им покажут много
достопримечательностей.
5. Команда играла плохо в этом году. – Сколько матчей было проиграно?
6. Это платье нельзя стирать. Ты испортишь его.
7. На прошлой неделе из музея украли картину. К сожалению, картина еще не
найдена.
8. Не беспокойтесь. Качество пищи в нашем кафе контролируют каждый день.
9. Хлопок не выращивают в этой стране. Его привозят из других стран.
10. Английский язык очень популярен, на нем говорят более двух миллиардов
людей.
1.
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Key
Unit 1
1.1: 2 agrees 3 catches 4 dances 5 enjoys 6 fails
7 flies 8 goes 9 has 10 kisses 11 plans 12 studies
13 ties 14 travels 15 tries 16 visits
1.2: 2 speaks 3 is, teaches 4 writes 5 opens
6 are, cost 7 leads, eats 8 likes, wears 9 makes
10 changes 11 tells, tells
1.3: 2 Ella often watches television. 3 Children
usually like sweets. 4 We always have lunch at 2
o’clock. 5 Dave never goes abroad.
6 My neighbours sometimes have noisy parties.
7 Kate never drinks coffee. 8 We often listen to
English music. 9 Ray seldom eats chocolate.
10 Jane always enjoys parties. 11 Ann
sometimes clears up the mess in her room. 12
The water in the lake seldom freezes in winter.
13 Many friends come to my birthday party
every year. 14 I always enjoy my summer
holidays.
1.4: 2 Susan doesn’t play the piano very well.
3 Tony and Stephen don’t know each other.
4 Mike doesn’t have a shower every day.
5 Nick’s parents don’t have a car. 6 My father
doesn’t buy a newspaper every day. 7 Rose
doesn’t prefer to go camping in summer.
8 David and Paul don’t do the same work in the
office. 9 China doesn’t export wine and wool.
10 It doesn’t snow in summer. 11 Giraffes don’t
come from Russia. 12 The Moon doesn’t go
round the sun.
1.5: 2 has, doesn’t drive 3 like, don’t 4 speaks
5 don’t eat 6 don’t believe 7 talks
8 doesn’t know 9 doesn’t have
10 don’t understand 11 needs 12 don’t do
13 sees
1.6: 2 Who does little Toby like playing with?
3 Where do you travel every summer? 4 Who
gives you a lot of homework? 5 What car does
your father drive? 6 What school do Bianca’s
children go to? 7 Who comes from Argentina?
8 What time does your local shop open? 9 What
do you usually do at the weekend? 10 Who does
Robert do business with? 11 How does the soup
taste? 12 How long do you usually spend on
your homework?
1.7: 2 are, am 3 do 4 is, is 5 doesn’t 6 Are, do
7 don’t 8 isn’t, is 9 is, don’t 10 do 11 am not, am
12 don’t, aren’t 13 is, does 14 is, doesn’t
15 does, is 16 does, doesn’t 17 is, is 18 do
2.1: 2 agreeing 3 beginning 4 blowing
5 controlling 6 coming 7 doing 8 getting
9 happening 10 offering 11 occupying
12 running 13 shining 14 spoiling 15 stopping
16 tying 17 visiting 18 waiting
2.2: 2 is having 3 are building 4 is swimming
5 is cooking 6 are writing 7 are making
8 am doing 9 is happening 10 are wearing
11 are spending 12 am helping
2.3: 2 They are watching a football match.
3 He is riding a bike. 4 He is working at the
computer. 5 She is doing her homework. 6 He is
serving drinks. 7 She is singing. 8 They are
playing chess.
2.4: 2 He isn’t playing the piano. 3 He isn’t
laughing. 4 He is wearing glasses. 5 He isn’t
wearing a hat. 6 He isn’t writing a letter. 7 He is
talking to his girlfriend. 8 He isn’t showing her
his holiday photos. 9 He is wearing a watch.
10 He isn’t eating a sandwich.
2.7: 2 Where are your cousins going? 3 What is
Kit studying? 4 Is the train coming? 5 Are the
children enjoying the film? 6 Where is Sue
sitting? 7 What are the students doing? 8 Who
are you writing to? 9 Why are the students
laughing? 10 Is Ted enjoying the course?
11 What are you thinking about? 12 What are all
the people looking at?
3.1: 2 speaks 3 are they speaking 4 am going
5 enjoys, isn’t enjoying 6 is Nick getting on
7 is singing, sings 8 am working 9 are moving
10 send 11 am reading 12 read 13 are having
14 do you read 15 is sitting
3.2: 1 Yes, he does. No, he isn’t. He is playing
tennis. 2 No, he isn’t. Yes, he does. He’s a
driver. 3 Yes, he is. Yes, he does. He’s cooking
dinner. 4 Yes, he does. No, he isn’t. He studies.
3.3: 2 doesn’t like, prefers 3 does your husband
leave 4 does it cost 5 does Meryl do
6 is she doing 7 do the banks close 8 like, helps
9 are you running, am hurrying 10 acts
11 is acting 12 plays, is playing
3.4: 2 believes 3 doesn’t fit, don’t look
4 is, doesn’t need 5 Do you see, am looking
6 is, is getting 7 am thinking, live, don’t see
8 does your dad think, thinks 9 hear, are
redecorating 10 don’t understand 11 Do you
know, think, don’t remember 12 are all those
people waiting, want, is coming 13 are saving
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14 seems, enjoys 15 does the word “annually”
mean, means 16 Do you prefer, depends
17 keeps, is 18 are having, have, are having
3.5: 1 am just writing 2 am 3 am getting on
4 study/am studying 5 am spending 6 am still
staying 7 am looking for 8 go 9 study
10 am writing 11 think 12 cost 13 am saving
14 is getting 15 are having 16 am also learning
3.6: 1 are you doing 2 am looking 3 are getting
4 think 5 look 6 is carrying 7 fits 8 agree
9 seems 10 is thinking 11 are 12 aren’t 13 think
14 does Brain have 15 doesn’t work 16 sells
17 is working 18 Does Jessica have
19 is expecting 20 prefers 21 see
22 is Brian staying 23 don’t know
4.1: 1 b 2 c 3 a 4 c 5 a 6 b 7 a 8 c 9 b 10 a
4.2: 1 sit 2 doesn’t exist 3 is playing, think
4 looks 5 Is your sister 6 wants 7 are wearing
8 do you wash 9 aren’t having, rains
10 do you usually get
4.3: 1 What does he do for a living? 2 a man is
trying 3 Skill comes 4 I am coming 5 It doesn’t
rain much 6 We are thinking of moving
7 I wonder what is happening 8 Don’t you see
9 Tigers never attack, people don’t attack
10 I usually have
Unit 2
1.1: 2 cancelled 3 clapped 4 controlled 5 copied
6 cried 7 died 8 failed 9 finished 10 happened
11 mixed 12 phoned 13 planned 14 robbed
15 visited
1.2: 2 enjoyed 3 worked 4 phoned, invited
5 stopped 6 passed 7 called 8 showed
9 celebrated 10 jumped, saved
1.3: 2 went 3 had 4 found 5 met 6 got 7 took
8 bought 9 chose 10 became 11 felt
12 understood 13 brought
1.4: 2 didn’t buy 3 didn’t have 4 wasn’t
5 didn’t spend 6 didn’t do 7 didn’t bring
8 didn’t talk 9 didn’t cost 10 didn’t make
11 weren’t
1.5: 2 How did you travel there? 3 Where did
you stay? 4 How long did you stay there?
5 Why was the weather horrible? 6 Where did
you usually have meals? 7 What did you do
every morning? 8 How many friends did you
make? 9 Who did you have great fun with?
10 How often did you phone home?
11 What did you decide to do on the way home?
12 Why were you very tired?
1.6: 2 closed 3 did you do 4 didn’t arrive 5 won
6 did you pay 7 happened 8 didn’t wake up,
missed 9 discovered, was 10 was, lost, saved
11 did you spend, didn’t need
1.7: 2 were you born 3 did you start 4 wasn’t
5 did you go 6 was your favourite subject
7 weren’t 8 did you know, you were
9 did you live, were, didn’t live
10 weren’t you, didn’t tell 11 was the weather
2.1: 2 He was cleaning his bicycle. 3 He was
playing chess. 4 He was playing the guitar.
5 He was playing tennis. 6 He was dancing.
2.2: 2 She was fishing. 3 She wasn’t talking on
the mobile phone. 4 She wasn’t wearing high
boots. 5 She wasn’t wearing a hat. 6 She wasn’t
carrying a bag. 7 She was looking at the water.
8 She wasn’t eating ice-cream.
2.3: 2 What were you doing … – (c) 3 Was it
getting dark … – (a) 4 Was he climbing a tree
… – (d) 5 Was he driving fast … – (b) 6 What
was she dreaming about … – (f) 7 Where was he
going … – (i) 8 Were they jogging … – (g)
9 Were you making so much noise … – (h)
10 Why were you speaking so loudly … – (k)
11 Was strong wind blowing … – (j)
3.1: 2 was working, had 3 arrived, was still
cooking 4 broke down, phoned 5 showed, went
6 did you hear, was blowing 7 didn’t need
8 thought 9 knocked, was having 10 was having,
went off 11 didn’t understand, was going on,
were shouting 12 came, was helping
3.2: 2 We were waiting at the bus stop when we
saw the car. 3 Jack was listening to his car radio
while he was driving home. 4 He heard about
the accident while he was listening to the news.
5 Two men were crossing on a red light when
the car hit them. 6 The driver didn’t stop when
he saw the men. 7 It was raining when Jack was
driving/drove to the police station. 8 He was
thinking about his article in the newspaper while
he was talking to he police officer. 9 It stopped
raining while Jack was driving back home.
10 A TV programme about road accidents began
while Jack was writing his article.
3.3: 2 No, they weren’t. 3 Yes, it was.
4 Yes, he did. 5 No, I didn’t. 6 No, they weren’t.
3.4: 1 broke, happened, was climbing, fell
2 landed, got off, were waiting 3 were having,
came, were dancing and drinking, asked
4 were you doing, cut, was working 5 did the
noise wake, started, was still sleeping
6 didn’t go 7 was the plane flying, hit, wasn’t
flying
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8 Did your neighbour borrow, didn’t come
9 did Newton discover, was sitting, fell
10 Did you meet, was walking 11 were you
doing, was watering 12 put, caught
3.5: 1 invited 2 decided 3 was cooking
4 was playing 5 was sleeping 6 rang 7 went
8 came 9 couldn’t 10 weren’t 11 went
12 was sitting 13 was eating 14 was enjoying
15 didn’t hear 16 wasn’t looking 17 took
18 started 19 wanted 20 saw 21 caught
22 escaped 23 returned
3.6: 1 lost 2 didn’t want 3 did you get 4 climbed
5 Did you frighten 6 was entering 7 thought
8 was 9 did they recognize 10 managed 11 saw
12 Were they 13 Did they forgive
14 didn’t punish 15 asked
4.1: 2 (a) I used to be 3 (d) She used to be
4 (c) She used to go 5 (e) We used to go
6 (b) He used to dance 7 (f) She used to spend
8 (h) I used to stay
4.2: 3 They used to be dirty. 4 There didn’t use
to be many of them. 5 It used to be clean.
6 They used to be cheap. 7 They didn’t use to
hurry. 8 They used to wear ordinary clothes.
4.3: 2 used to live, went 3 didn’t use to like,
changed 4 used to earn, retired 5 started, used to
be 6 Did you use to travel, found 7 used to be,
built, became 8 moved, used to have 9 bought,
used to go 10 used to be, became 11 started,
used to talk, 12 used to give, found
4.4: 1 was 2 was 3 was raining 4 was getting
5 heard 6 used to make 7 looked 8 noticed
9 was turning 10 rushed 11 turned 12 asked
5.1: 1 c 2 b 3 c 4 b 5 b 6 a 7 c 8 c 9 c 10 c
5.2: 1 said, didn’t hear 2 improved, lived 3 was
talking, was driving 4 wasn’t looking, turned 5
weren’t, happened 6 was he 7 chose, was
studying 8 was raining, was sitting 9 saw, didn’t
cost 10 didn’t do, decided
5.3: 1 you were born 2 I turned round
3 people even built 4 did Alice clean
5 weren’t they very happy 6 two people were
talking 7 that they couldn’t control 8 visited
9 and I gave 10 Meg was waiting
Unit 3
1.1: 2 some 3 any 4 some 5 any 6 some, any
7 some 8 some, any 9 some 10 some 11 some
12 some, any 13 some
1.2: A 2 There isn’t any snow outside. 3 There
weren’t any guests in the house. 4 Alice didn’t
have any make-up on her face.
5 The boy hasn’t got any pocket money. B 2
There are no policemen near the house. 3 Clara
has got no hobbies. 4 There is no information for
you. 5 He had no explanation.
1.3: 2 no furniture 3 some tea 4 some money,
no cash, some money 5 any letters 6 any friends
7 no shops 8 any breakfast 9 no food 10 any film
11 no answer
1.4: A 2 she won’t go anywhere tomorrow.
She’ll go nowhere tomorrow. 3 There isn’t
anything new in this theory. There is nothing
new in this theory. 4 I didn’t see anybody
talking to Jane. I saw nobody talking to Jane.
5 John didn’t go anywhere cold on holiday. John
went nowhere cold on holiday. 6 There wasn’t
anyone in the kitchen. There was no one in the
kitchen. B 2 Yes, I know somebody. 3 Yes, he
lives somewhere near there. 4 Yes, I’d like
something. 5 Yes, I saw someone. 6 Yes,
somebody helped him.
1.5: 2 I don’t have any. 3 I have some.
4 I don’t have any. 5 I didn’t buy any.
6 I bought some. 7 I gave her some.
1.6: 2 somebody 3 anything 4 anything
5 someone 6 somebody 7 anything 8 anyone
9 somebody 10 something 11 anything,
something 12 anyone
1.7: 2 anywhere 3 no one 4 everybody
5 everywhere 6 nowhere 7 anywhere, nowhere
8 everybody 9 nothing 10 anybody, no one
11 somewhere, anywhere 12 somewhere
13 everybody 14 nothing
1.8: 2 anywhere 3 everybody 4 everywhere
5 anything, nothing 6 something 7 everyone
8 nobody 9 nothing 10 everyone 11 anywhere
12 everywhere 13 anybody 14 anything
15 someone
1.9: 2 nobody 3 anybody 4 anything 5 someone
(no one) 6 everywhere 7 nothing 8 everybody
9 anything 10 everything 11 somewhere
12 anywhere 13 anything 14 something,
something 15 anywhere
1.10: 1 everybody 2 anyone 3 some 4 any
5 nobody 6 everyone 7 somewhere 8 something
9 any 10 something 11 somebody 12 any (some)
13 no 14 nowhere 15 everybody 16 some
17 nobody 18 anyone 19 any
2.1: 2 much 3 much 4 many 5 many 6 much
7 many
2.2: 2 How much bread did you buy?
3 How many children do they have? 4 How
much wine do we need?
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5 How much money did he borrow? 6 How
many trees are there in the garden? 7 How many
jobs did she have? 8 How much work did you do
yesterday? 9 How many problems did you
discuss? 10 How much free time have you got?
2.3: 2 much time 3 many countries
4 much luggage 5 much fun 6 many times
7 many interesting things 8 much traffic
9 many accidents 10 much information
11 much work 12 many mistakes
2.4: 2 a lot of 3 a lot of 4 much 5 many 6 a lot of
7 much 8 a lot of 9 much 10 many
2.5: 2 He plays football a lot. 3 She doesn’t talk
much. 4 She doesn’t listen to the radio much.
5 He traveled a lot. 6 he drives a lot. 7 I don’t go
out much. 8 They sleep a lot. 9 It cost a lot.
10 They don’t cost much.
2.6: 2 a few pictures 3 a few people
4 a little fresh air 5 a little sugar 6 a few words
7 a few stories 8 a little practice 9 a few presents
10 a few questions
2.7: 2 few mistakes 3 little sunshine 4 little free
time 5 few hotels 6 little work 7 few chairs
8 little furniture 9 few places 10 few people
2.8: 2 a few 3 a little 4 a little 5 little 6 a few
7 a few 8 a little 9 little 10 few 11 little
12 a little 13 few 14 a few 15 a few
2.9: 1 much 2 a lot of 3 few 4 little 5 much
6 a few (many) 7 few 8 many 9 little 10 a few
11 few 12 a few 13 little 14 a few 15 a little
16 few 17 little 18 a few 19 a little
3.1: 1 c 2 b 3 a 4 b 5 b 6 a 7 c 8 b 9 b 10 b
3.2: 1 somewhere 2 every 3 someone 4 nothing
5 nowhere 6 much 7 lot 8 few 9 little 10 much
3.3: 1 any newspaper 2 There is something
wrong 3 We bought nothing (We didn’t buy
anything) 4 I didn’t take any money with me and
I couldn’t buy anything 5 everybody was
already in the living room 6 too much butter
7 few mistakes 8 How much money do you
need? – Not much. Just a few dollars.
9 We got little information 10 a lot of vegetables
Unit 4
1.1: 2 a, a, a 3 a, –, a 4 an, –, – 5 –, –, – 6 a, –, –
7 a, a, – 8 a, –, an 9 a, –, – 10 a, a, a 11 –, –, –
12 –, – 13 a, a 14 –, an
1.2: 2 I’ve got some toothpaste, a toothbrush, a
purse, some money and a credit card. 3 I bought
a hat, a pair of shoes, some perfume, a pen and
some CDs.
4 I want to buy a newspaper, some postcards,
some stamps, a magazine and an envelope.
5 I’d like some coffee, some white bread, some
butter, a piece of cake and some chocolate.
6 I got some flowers, a CD, a cookery book, a
dictionary and a camera. 7 We visited a
museum, a gallery, some shops, an old castle
and a farm.
1.3: 2 any 3 some, some 4 some, a, some
5 some, some, a 6 a, some 7 some, a 8 a, some, a
9 any 10 a, some 11 a, some 12 a, some
1.4: 1 a, a 2 an 3 – 4 an, – 5 a, an 6 –, – 7 a 8 a
9 –, a, –, – 10 a, a 11 a
1.5: 2 a born leader 3 very good advice
4 hard work 5 soft pink wool 6 great fun
7 a fashion magazine 8 warm clothes, cold
weather 9 credit cards, paper money
10 great progress 11 sweet red wine
12 good health 13 very important information
14 delicious orange marmalade 15 bad luck
16 very good news
2.1: 2 parties 3 The shops 4 the cake 5 cake
6 computers 7 the computers 8 The water
9 cold water 10 the sugar 11 the people
12 the children 13 children 14 the words
15 words 16 flowers 17 the flowers
2.2: 1 a, a, the 2 a, the 3 the 4 the 5 a, a, the, the,
a, a 6 the, the 7 the, a 8 the, the 9 a, an, a, a, the,
the 10 the 11 a, a 12 a, the 13 a, the
2.3: 2 on the wall in the bedroom 3 OK
4 the capital 5 the remote control, the television
6 the flight attendant, the city 7 the manager
8 The kangaroo 9 The telescope, the sky 10 OK
11 the Browns 12 the weather 13 OK
14 the second turning, the third building
15 the tallest
2.4: 2 the sea 3 page 20 4 the Times 5 French
6 New Year 7 town 8 nature 9 the moon
10 space 11 the violin 12 Mr Brown
2.5: 2 an Internet cafй, the next turning
3 the Internet 4 OK 5 the youngest, the only
student 6 the same room 7 The last task, the
right answer 8 an hour, the capital, Last week
the train 9 the same street, the left side
10 the wrong address 11 the right decision, the
main thing 12 the only problem, a place
3.1: 2 They called the police. 3 He studies at
university. 4 I went to the station. 5 She goes to
church. 6 He went to the airport. 7 They went to
the cinema. 8 He stayed in hospital. 9 They go to
work. 10 I go to the dentist. 11 He stayed in bed.
12 I go to the bank.
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3.2: 2 OK 3 to the doctor 4 OK 5 OK 6 OK
7 OK 8 in the bank 9 OK 10 at the station
11 OK 12 OK 13 to the theatre
14 to the post office
3.3: 2 the post office 3 the bank 4 school
5 hospital 6 work 7 the theatre 8 the hairdresser
9 home
3.4: 2 other 3 the other 4 other 5 the other
6 another 7 the other 8 the other 9 other
10 another 11 another 12 other
3.5: 2 the United States 3 Belarus
4 the Mississippi 5 the Canaries 6 Lake Superior
7 the Himalayas 8 the Gobi 9 France 10 the Nile
11 the Mediterranean 12 Madrid 13 the Pacific
14 Australia 15 the Black Sea
3.6: 2 the Grand Hotel 3 the Royal Cinema
4 OK 5 OK 6 OK 7 the Museum of Modern Art
8 OK 9 the Palace Theatre 10 the National
Theatre 11 OK 12 the Science Museum
13 the National Gallery 14 the Mir Cinema
15 the Hilton Hotel
4.1: 2 a nice house, The house 3 the postcard
4 a very small country 5 the name, the owner,
the shop 6 the salary 7 a good opportunity
8 a problem, the car 9 the phone, the bathroom
10 a company 11 the light, the house
12 a new girlfriend, a guide, a museum
13 an activity 14 The hat
4.2: 2 –, – 3 The, the 4 –, a, a 5 a, the 6 the, the,
a 7 the, the 8 –, a 9 the, the, a 10 the, –, – 11 a, a
12 a, a 13 –, –
4.3: 1 –, the 2 a, an, a 3 the, a 4 the, a, –, –
5 a, –, the 6 –, – 7 the, the 8 a, – 9 –, a 10 the, –
11 –, a 12 a, the, the 13 the, a 14 the, a, a
4.4: 1 the, the, the, a 2 the, –, an, the, the
3 a, the, –, the, a, – 4 –, the, –, the 5 the, a, the
6 an, the, – 7 a, –, the 8 the, a, the 9 –, –
4.5: 2 The best time, a holiday, the end
3 the country, the loveliest, the world 4 the sun,
a star, the Earth, a planet 5 a good mood, the sea
6 an expensive hotel, a night 7 the potatoes, a
kilo, the local shop 8 a busy airport 9 a taxi, the
city centre, the rush hour 10 the office, a large
building 11 the Seychelles 12 the children
4.6: 1 the 2 – 3 the 4 the 5 a 6 the 7 the 8 a 9 –
10 – 11 the 12 the 13 – 14 the 15 the 16 – 17 –
18 the 19 a 20 the 21 a 22 the 23 the 24 – 25 the
26 – 27 – 28 – 29 the 30 – 31 – 32 a 33 the
34 the 35 the 36 – 37 – 38 the 39 –
4.7: 1 the 2 a 3 a 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 8 an 9 the 10 a
11 – 12 the 13 – 14 – 15 – 16 – 17 the 18 – 19 –
20 a 21 the 22 a 23 the 24 – 25 the 26 the 27 a
28 the 29 The 30 a 31 the 32 the 33 a 34 The
35 the 36 the 37 a 38 the 39 – 40 the
5.1: 1 c 2 c 3 b 4 a 5 b 6 b 7 b 8 b 9 c 10 b
5.2: 1 the 2 – 3 the 4 the 5 –, – 6 –, – 7 the 8 –
9 an 10 the
5.3: 1 get very useful information 2 a car park, a
new shopping centre 3 the cinema
4 down Twin Street 5 the fifth day 6 to space
7 in wet weather 8 a business partner 9 to work
10 from Texas University
Unit 5
1.1: 2 to join 3 to go out 4 to go 5 to be 6 to get
7 to buy 8 to look for 9 to help 10 to talk
11 to celebrate 12 to live
1.2: 2 It’s expensive to buy a house. 3 Is English
easy to speak? 4 Jack was surprised to see me
last night. 5 German is difficult to learn.
6 Is it safe to drink this water? 7 This question is
impossible to answer. 8 Is it possible to visit him
tomorrow? 9 They were glad to get home
yesterday evening. 10 I am pleased to hear this
news. 11 Are you proud to have such a welltrained dog? 12 It was too hot to stay outdoors
yesterday afternoon. 13 My children are happy
to have a pet at home.
1.3.: 2 I have no idea where to go on summer
holiday. 3 I need a new mobile, but I don’t have
any money to buy it. 4 Can you tell me how to
get to the bank? 5 Do I need a key to open the
door? 6 She needs somebody to talk to.
7 Is there anybody to help me? 8 I’m so angry! I
have nothing to tell you. 9 My partner has an
interesting project to discuss. 10 English is the
first language to learn if you want to be
successful.
1.4: 2 They are going to Turkey to visit their
friends in Istanbul. 3 She bought a new TV to
present it to Sally for her wedding. 4 He got up
so early not to miss his train. 5 She goes to the
hospital to look after her granny who is ill.
6 She bought a new dress to wear at her birthday
party. 7 They are saving money to buy a country
house. 8 He is going out to do some shopping.
9 He went to the railway station to meet his
parents. 10 She is phoning the theatre to change
her ticket. 11 He went downstairs to turn off the
light in the living room.
1.5: 2 to 3 to 4 for 5 to 6 for 7 to 8 for 9 to 10
for
125
1.6: 2 I wanted him to tell me the way to the
station. 3 I’d like you to call the doctor.
4 Mum wants him to help her.
5 The teacher expected us to do the test well.
6 I didn’t want her to phone before 8 o’clock.
7 would you like me to lend you some?
8 do you want Father to take you home?
9 I expected them to come much later.
10 Val’s parents didn’t want him to get married.
11 Would you like me to make you some
coffee? 12 We didn’t expect the weather to
change so soon. 13 Our neighbours wouldn’t
like us to know the truth. 14 I don’t want her to
stay outside in such cold weather.
2.1: 2 smiling 3 reading 4 making, cooking
5 seeing, hearing 6 having 7 going 8 doing
9 swimming 10 opening 11 having, leaving
12 eating 13 selling
2.2: 2 I can’t stand getting up early.
3 She’s looking forward to visiting the new
cinema. 4 I don’t feel like going to work.
5 My sister really enjoys going out with her
mates. 6 Do you mind waiting for me outside,
please? 7 My car keeps breaking down.
8 We finished redecorating our house only two
days ago. 9 My parents discussed moving to the
country yesterday. 10 I miss going to the health
club.
2.3: 2 He goes skiing twice a year.
3 He goes walking four times a week.
4 He goes swimming once a week.
5 He goes fishing once a month.
6 They go dancing three times a week.
2.4: 2 of working 3 at writing 4 about moving
5 in joining 6 about educating 7 about getting
8 for baking 9 to seeing 10 with reading
11 of giving 12 for losing 13 without feeling
14 with opening
3.1: 2. A – wrong B – right
3 A – right B – wrong 4 A – wrong B – right
5 A – right B – wrong 6 A – wrong B – right
3.2: 2 would like to play 3 don’t like living
4 would like to tell 5 would like to play
6 would like to buy 7 wouldn’t like to be, would
like to work 8 does your daughter like reading,
likes reading 9 Do you like living, like pottering
10 would like to have, likes travelling
3.3: 2 to look 3 to skate 4 to help 5 living 6 do
7 drinking 8 to go out 9 to spend 10 playing
11 to sell and move/to move 12 sneezing
13 climbing/to climb 14 talking 15 to go
3.4: 2 answer 3 going 4 to phone 5 to see
6 to pass 7 raining 8 to find 9 borrowing, to do
10 travelling, flying/to fly 11 to cook 12 laugh
13 to work/working 14 going
15 having, eating/to eat
3.5: 2 B What would you like to drink? A I think
I’d like to drink some orange juice, please.
3 B When did she learn to swim? A She learned
to swim when she was four years old.
4 B What do you want to talk about? A I want to
talk about Pete.
5 B When did you finish writing it? A I finished
writing it at 3 a.m.
6 B Where would you like to go? A I’d like to
go to the cinema.
7 B Do you mind being away from home for so
long? A No, I don’t mind being away from
home, because I like travelling a lot.
8 B Where do you prefer to have/having your
summer holidays then? A I prefer to
have/having my summer holidays in
Scandinavian countries.
9 B Why did she decide to go there? A She
decided to go there because she entered a
language school.
10 B What does she want to do there? A She
wants to do some research on wildlife.
3.6: 1not replying 2 to thank 3 to stay 4 to come
5 driving 6 sitting 7 to catch 8 meeting
9 walking 10 breathing 11 smelling 12 admiring
13 to buy 14 bringing 15 playing 16 know
17 seeing 18 hearing 19 to tell 20 to show
3.7: 1 to help 2 to research 3 using 4 think
5 to join 6 swimming 7 swim 8 having
9 to swim 10 having 11 to travel 12 visiting
13 to stay 14 making 15 to improve
4.1: 1. c 2 c 3 b 4 a 5 c 6 b 7 c 8 a 9 b 10 c
4.2: 1 to baby-sit 2 seeing 3 phoning, asking
4 talking 5 cooking, have 6 having, to join
7 to become 8 watching 9 to eat
10 to train/training
4.3: 1. wished to change jobs, his boss made him
work 2 learn to speak 3 fond of listening
4 is planning to go dancing
5 worry about watering 6 can’t stand doing
7 Do you mind closing 8 apologise for breaking
9 avoid talking 10 promised not to tell
Unit 6
1.1: 2 On Monday afternoon she’s visiting Aunt
Sophie. 3 She’s meeting Carol at 3p.m. on
Tuesday.
126
4 She’s going to the theatre with Paul at 6p.m.
on Tuesday. 5 She’s seeing the doctor at 11a.m.
on Wednesday. 6 She’s going shopping with
Mum on Wednesday afternoon.
1.2: 2 Are you studying next week? 3 What are
you doing next weekend? 4 When are you taking
exams? 5 Are you playing football tomorrow?
6 Are you seeing anyone tomorrow evening?
7 Are you going home at the weekend?
8 What time are you leaving home on Monday?
9 Are your friends coming to see you tonight?
1.3: 2 are going to be late 3 is going to graduate
4 am going to show 5 is going to fall
6 Are you going to watch 7 am going to send
8 is going to explain 9 are going to use
10 Is he going to change 11 am going to wear
12 are going to produce
1.4: 2 It’s going to rain. 3 She’s going to cook
something. 4 He’s going to fall down.
5 They’re going to watch a film. 6 The dog is
going to run away. 7 She’s going to ride into a
tree. 8 He’s going to win the race.
1.5: 2 are moving/are going to move
3 is meeting/is going to meet 4 is flying
5 is going to get 6 is coming 7 are going
8 is seeing 9 are arriving/are going to arrive
10 are going to miss 11 is going to tell
12 are going to step 13 am going to have
14 are driving/are going to drive 15 are
having/are going to have 16 is going to rain
2.1: 2 I’ll make you a cup of tea. 3 I’ll have
pasta, please. 4 I’ll give it to you. 5 I’ll do it for
you. 6 I’ll lend you some. 7 I’ll answer it.
8 I’ll help you to tidy it. 9 I’ll send you a
postcard. 10 I’ll show you. 11 I’ll give you a lift.
2.2: 2 will feel 3 will make 4 won’t happen
5 won’t sleep 6 will come 7 will be 8 won’t see
9 will get 10 will like 11 won’t enjoy
12 will stay
2.3: 2 am 3 will be 4 was 5 will be 6 was
7 will be 8 will be
2.4: 2 Shall I turn 3 Shall I make 4 Shall I give
5 Shall I turn 6 Shall I help 7 Shall I give
2.5: 2 What time shall we meet? 3 What shall
we buy? 4 Who shall we invite? 5 What shall we
cook? 6 What time shall we begin?
3.1: 2 are going 3 am going 4 are having
5 I’ll make 6 is going to leave 7 will snow
8 I’ll call 9 I’ll have 10 I’m seeing 11 I’m going
to sneeze 12 I’ll buy 13 you’ll catch 14 will go
3.2: 2 are you doing 3 will invite 4 am going
5 will wait 6 will eat 7 is taking
8 is going to buy 9 ’ll tell 10 ’ll turn
11 am going to have (’ll have) 12 isn’t coming
13 ’ll take 14 is going to have 15 will help
3.3: 2 ’ll have 3 am seeing/am going to see
4 ’ll lend 5 Shall we meet, am taking 6 ’ll send
7 am going to enter 8 am going to take
9 is going to be 10 is going to break 11 ’ll wait
12 will fall
3.4: 2 We’re going to buy 3 I’m afraid I can’t.
4 OK 5 I’ll buy her a CD then. 6 He’ll help you.
7 Why are you going to see/are you seeing him?
Are going to start/are starting 8 Shall we go to
the cinema?
3.5: 1 are working 2 are you doing/are you
going to do 3 are going 4 is coming 5 will come
6 will travel 7 shall we fly? 8 ’ll find 9 ’ll stay
10 are going to swim 11 am going to take
12 ’ll need 13 ’ll call
3.6: 1 am going to visit 2 will feel 3 will stay
4 am meeting 5 will be 6 am not going to leave
7 will be 8 am going 9 Shall I pick 10 ’ll wait
4.1: 1 b 2 a 3 b 4 a 5 a 6 c 7 b 8 a 9 a 10 b
4.2: 1 are you seeing, are meeting 2 are going to
have 3 will move 4 will be 5 is going to paint
6 will have 7 won’t take 8 is going to pick
9 is your mum arriving 10 Is everybody coming
4.3: 1 I won’t forget 2 will be against
3 won’t he? 4 am going 5 it’ll snow 6 You’re
going to miss 7 I’m visiting 8 I’m going to
Mike’s party 9 I’ll see you 10 Shall we go
Unit 7
1.1: 2 younger 3 larger 4 fewer 5 more patient
6 lovelier 7 worse 8 better 9 quieter
10 more attractive 11 faster 12 slower 13 greater
14 more 15 more generous 16 more careful
17 weaker 18 farther/further
1.2: 2 more expensive than 3 healthier 4 cheaper
5 more exciting 6 better 7 taller 8 worse than
9 more intelligent than 10 more interested
1.3: 2 much more complicated 3 a lot more
careful 4 far lazier 5 much more, a lot fatter than
6 a little busier than 7 a lot kinder than
8 a lot more stressful than 9 a bit richer than
10 much younger 11 much longer than
1.4: 2 The Grand Hotel is bigger than the Sea
View Hotel. 3 The Sea View Hotel is cheaper
than the Grand Hotel. 4 The Grand Hotel is
cleaner than the Sea View Hotel. 5 The Grand
Hotel is more comfortable than the Sea View
Hotel. 6 The Sea View Hotel is colder than the
Grand Hotel.
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7. The Grand Hotel is a lot more expensive than
the Sea View Hotel. 8 The staff in the Sea View
Hotel are friendlier than in the Grand Hotel.
9 The views from the Sea View Hotel are
lovelier than from the Grand Hotel.
10 The Grand Hotel is noisier than the Sea View
Hotel. 11 The Sea View Hotel is much more
peaceful than the Grand Hotel. 12 The Grand
Hotel is warmer than the Sea View Hotel.
1.5: 2 The moon isn’t as hot as the sun. 3 Bob
pays as many bills as Val (does). 4 Ann isn’t as
lucky in business as Jane. 5 Are you as old as
your sister? 6 My work isn’t as good as Sally’s.
7 Andy didn’t win as much money as Harry
(did). 8 Their daughter is as spoilt as their son.
9 Is the table as big as the desk? 10 Swedish
houses aren’t as primitive as their country
cottages. 11 The days in summer aren’t as short
as in winter. 12 The Swedes don’t work as long
hours as Londoners (do).
1.6: 2 My birthday is on the same day as Tim’s.
3 Your eyes are the same colour as mine.
4 I arrives at the same time as you (did). 5 Ann
has got the same salary as Betty. 6 The bedroom
is the same size as the living room. 7 Her hair
isn’t the same colour as mine. 8 Fred had the
same drink after dinner as Kevin (did). 9 John
works for the same company as Sam (does).
10 Dave didn’t watch the same programme as
Alison (did). 11 Carol keeps her purse in the
same place as Mike (does).
1.7: 2 as 3 than 4 as 5 than 6 as 7 than 8 as
9 than 10 than 11 as 12 than 13 than
2.1: 2 busier, the busiest 3 thinner, the thinnest
4 more comfortable, the most comfortable
5 safer, the safest 6 better, the best 7 less, the
least 8 more expensive, the most expensive
9 cleverer, the cleverest (more clever, the most
clever) 10 fewer, the fewest 11 more dangerous,
the most dangerous 12 hotter, the hottest
13 father/further, the farthest/the furthest
14 heavier, the heaviest 15 more boring, the
most boring 16 worse, the worst 17 more,
the most 18 luckier, the luckiest
2.2: 2 the most comfortable apartment
3 the most expensive flowers in 4 the happiest
day of 5 the cheapest hotel in 6 the best singer in
7 the most wonderful place in 8 the saddest film
9 the dirtiest city in 10 the oldest student in
11 the poorest people in 12 the most intelligent
of 13 the youngest student in 14 the most
difficult of 15 the strangest of
2.3: 2 Everest is the highest mountain in the
world. 3 Africa is the biggest continent.
4 The Nile is the longest river. 5 Jupiter is the
largest planet. 6 Monaco is the smallest country.
7 Lake Baikal is the deepest lake.
3.1: 2 better 3 the most expensive 4 the youngest
5 wetter 6 the most boring holidays 7 the easiest
8 more generous 9 the worst 10 the most modern
11 higher 12 the shortest 13 safer 14 more polite
(politer)
3.2: 2 These dresses are the least expensive in
the shop. 3 An elephant is less dangerous than a
tiger. 4 We had the least comfortable room in
the hotel. 5 My new boss is less rude than my
old boss. 6 It’s the least successful film he has
ever made. 7 This crossword is the least
difficult. 8 It was the least modern city I visited.
9 Hetty Green was less generous than Milton
Petrie. 10 Kate’s dress was less dirty than
Alison’s. 11 Chris is the least attentive child in
the class. 12 Living in the country is less noisy
than living in a big city.
3.3: A 1 smaller than 2 the smallest, in 3 colder
than 4 the dirtiest of 5 more expensive than
6 the most expensive, in 7 the worst, of
8 the most horrible, of B 1 the most famous, in
2 the tallest 3 the youngest, in 4 better than
5 older than 6 faster than 7 the most exciting
8 the most popular in
3.4: 1 the best 2 more exciting than
3 funnier than 4 the most handsome, in
5 more talented, than 6 the most amazing, in
7 more amazing 8 the funniest, of
4.1: Adjectives: friendly, lovely, noisy, quick,
tidy Adverbs: carelessly, easily, happily, quietly,
slowly Adjectives and adverbs: far, fast, hard,
late, well
4.2: 2 worse 3 more quietly 4 the earliest
5 the best 6 the fastest 7 more beautifully
8 the most comfortably 9 more angrily 10 later
11 the most happily 12 more attentively
4.3: 2 farther/further 3 louder/more loudly
4 livelier 5 more carefully 6 friendlier
7 expensive 8 more difficult 9 the most
intelligent 10 harder 11 less 12 earlier
13 the most generously 14 more quietly
15 more slowly/slower 16 worse
5.1: 1 b 2 c 3 a 4 a 5 b 6 c 7 a 8 a 9 b 10 c
5.2: 1 the worst 2 more suitable 3 the easiest
4 less 5 more boring 6 the strictest 7 longer
8 best 9 closer 10 earlier
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5.3: 1 the wealthiest 2 as expensive as
3 much farther 4 of their life 5 much nicer than
6 a lot more expensive 7 much more difficult
8 twice as big as 9 the same colour as the skirt
10 angrier
Unit 9
1.1: 2 has been ringing 3 has been working
4 have been studying 5 have been arguing
6 have been shouting 7 have been trying
8 have been doing 9 has been living
10 have been thinking 11 has been increasing
12 have been surfing
1.2: 2 Have you been mending 3 have you been
working 4 Have you been waiting 5 Has it been
raining? 6 Has she been playing 7 Has he been
fishing 8 Have they been fighting? 9 Has she
been crying? 10 Has he been lying 11 Has he
been repairing 12 Have you been looking
1.3: 2 because she’s been watching a soap opera
3 because she’s been cooking 4 because she’s
been clearing up the mess 5 because she’s been
bathing her kids 6 because she’s been waiting
for a bus for an hour 7 because she’s been
sunbathing 8 because she’s been shopping
9 because she’s been reading for two hours
10 because she’s been painting the walls
2.1: 2 have you read 3 have walked 4 have been
walking 5 have been walking 6 has eaten
7 has been eating 8 have only heard
9 have changed 10 has lived 11 have you been
12 have been making, have you made
13 has been roasting 14 have been picking, have
picked
2.2: 2 has planted 3 have been drinking
4 have done 5 has been working 6 has spoken
7 has been interviewing 8 have been swimming
9 has swum 10 have been smoking
11 has smoked 12 have heard
13 has been coughing 14 have taught, have
never met 15 has been hoping
2.3: 2 How long have you been making them?
How many doughnuts have you made?
3 How long have you been looking for a job?
How many interviews have you had?
4 How long have you been travelling?
How many countries have you been to?
5 How long has she been doing the shopping?
How many things has she bought?
6 How long has he been fishing? How many fish
has he caught? 7 How long has he been selling
them? How many newspapers has he sold?
8 How long has she been answering the phone?
How many phone calls has she answered?
9 How long has she been writing letters?
How many letters has she written?
10 How long has she been translating it?
How many pages has she translated?
2.4: 1 have been 2 has been working
3 haven’t heard 4 has been revising
5 has just passed 6 has been repairing
7 hasn’t felt/hasn’t been feeling 8 has visited
9 Have you been
3.1: 2 Jake has been playing the cello for two
years. 3 My brother has been living/has lived in
Bern since last year. 4 It’s been raining since six
o’clock. 5 I was cooking from eleven to
twelve./I cooked lunch for an hour.
6 My granny has been wearing glasses for ten
years. 7 I’ve been driving a car since I got it for
my birthday. 8 Gary has been playing football
for several years. 9 Harold worked as a sales
manager for five years. 10 Mary has been a
nurse since April. 11 The kids have been playing
computer games since lunch. 12 Sam has had his
own sports club for three years.
13 Ronald Reagan was the President of the USA
for nine years. 14 I’ve been an assistant surgeon
for a week. 15 My sister has been talking on the
phone since I came home.
3.2: A 1 have been spending 2 moved, haven’t
seen 3 have lived (have been living), don’t know
4 have you been, have been waiting 5 began,
has already been operating 6 hasn’t come, is,
has been, has been revising, has prepared,
was writing, saw B 1 are, Have you been
running?, have made up, want, have been
exercising, have you been doing, have you lost
2 haven’t heard, left, have you been doing,
have got, have found, have bought, haven’t been
wasting 3 haven’t seen, have you been, have
been visiting, did you go, went 4 Is it raining,
it isn’t, is, has been raining, has it been raining,
was raining, got 5 Have you been, have,
have been, have you been doing, have you been
working, haven’t, have been preparing, worked
3.3: 1 decided 2 have been saving
3 have never had 4 have lived 5 married
6 didn’t mind 7 insisted 8 have been searching
9 haven’t found 10 saw 11 didn’t like
12 decided 13 went 14 was 15 asked 16 were
17 liked/likes 18 is sure 19 will persuade
20 hasn’t figured out 21 will get 22 hopes
23 will change
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3.4: 1 Have you been waiting 2 have applied
3 saw 4 thought 5 have been looking 6 replied
7have always enjoyed 8 believe 9 think 10 learn
11 Do you know 12 will do 13 helps 14 prepares
15 Did you enjoy 16 were 17 was 18 passed
19 enjoyed 20 Do you have 21 have been
thinking 22 Have you ever had 23 worked
24 were you 25 did you leave 26 was
27 didn’t enjoy 28 helped 29 have asked
30 wanted 31 will get
4.1: 1 c 2 b 3 c 4 b 5 b 6 a 7 b 8 c 9 c 10 a
4.2: 1 have been travelling, have come
2 have you been revising 3 has found, graduated
4 am writing, have written 5 is playing
6 have been watering 7 was having, woke
8 went out, haven’t come back 9 saw, was,
have you ever 10 look, Have you been sleeping
4.3: 1 I have been waiting 2 have you been
learning 3 They have been living 4 for two years
5 It has been real fun 6 have they been learning
7 I’ve known 8 he is still absent 9 has already
smoked 10 has been wearing, I met
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