hnhctiJcWw
cXojv
BapJw
A]ÀW. Fw. FÊv
FgpXnX¿mdm¡nbhÀ
A`nP taml³. Fw. FÊv.
B³kn.hn.aWn
jn\n.hn. F^v
A]ÀW. Fw. FÊv
cXojv. Fkv
amÀK \nÀtZin
t^_
( aebmfw hn`mKw
hmIvSdn tImtfPv Hme¯m¶n)
BapJw
B[p\nI aebmf `mjbpsS ]nXmhv F¶p hntijn¡s¸Sp¶ `mjm IhnbmWv
Xp©¯v cmam\pP³ Fgp¯Ñ³. ]Xn\©mw \qäm­n\pw ]Xn\mdmw \qäm­n\pw
CSbnembn At±lw
Pohn¨ncp¶Xmbn IcpXs¸Sp¶p. Fgp¯NvOsâ bYmÀ°
\maw cmam\pP³ F¶pw Nne hnZKvZv[À A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p­v. C¶s¯ ae¸pdw
PnÃbnse Xncqcnse Xr¡­nbqcn Bbncp¶p IhnbpsS P\\w. Ct¸mÄ Cu kvYew
Xp©³ ]d¼v F¶dnbs¸Sp¶p. Fgp¯Ñsâ PohNcn{Xw sFXoly§fmepw AÀ²
kXy§fmbpw aqSs¸«p InS¡pIbmWv.
AhsbÃmw At\zjn¡pIbmWv Cu t{]PIvSnsâ Dt±iyw.
Fgp¯Ñ\pambn _Ôs¸« sFXoly§Ä Infn¸m«p {]Øm\¯nsâ BhnÀ`mhw,
Fgp¯Ñsâ kw`mh\IÄ, A¡mes¯ kmaqlnI, kmlnXy hrhØ F¶nhsbÃmw
CXn {]Xn]mXn¡p¶p.
DÅS¡w
Fgp¯Ñ³ F¶ BNmcy³
Fgp¯Ñ\pw kaqlhpw
BNmcy³ F¶ {]kvYm\hmlI³
BNmcysâ hnhÀ¯\w
BNmcrsâ {]IrXn hÀW\
Fgp¯Ñ\pw aebmfhpw
Fgp¯Ñ³
F¶
BNmcr³
FgpXn X¿mdm¡nbXv
amä§fpsS BImi§sf Ipdn¨p ]dbpt¼mÄ Bg§sf Ipdn¨p
Nn´n¡Ww. thcpIfpsS Bg§fnemWv hr£w ]´en¨p \n¡p¶Xv. aebmf `mj F¶
hShr£¯nsâ Gähpw BgtadnbXpw hnkvXmcw IqSnbXpamb thcpXs¶bmWv kmaqlnI
amä¯nsâ BImi§fnte¡v tIcfobsc ]nSn¨pbÀ¯nb Xp©¯v Fgp¯Ñ³. A\hkc
{]tbmKtam A{]kàamb hyIcW k¦oÀWXtbm {]ZÀin¸n¡m³ Hcn¡epw apXnÀ¶n«nÃm¯
Hcp kmlnXykhykmNn. kwkv I rX¯nepw aebmf¯nepapÅ ]Z§sf kpµcambn
ks½fn¨psIm­v \S¯nbn«pÅ kapXvIrjS krjvSnIsf cN\mkwhn[m\w Xs¶bmWv, At±lw
A´cn¨n«v \mentesd iXm_vZ§Ä Ignªn«pw C¶pw aebmf IhnIÄ A\phÀ¯n¡p¶sX¶
kXy¯n\v B[mcw.
F¶m F{Xsbms¡ Ae¦mc§Ä Fgp¯Ñ\ps­¦nepw At±lw BcmWv? FhnsS
P\n¨p? F¶p P\n¨p? IrXnIÄ Gh? F¶Xns\ms¡ Hcp B[nImcnIamb D¯cw \ÂIpI
km[yaà At²lw P\n¨Xpw Pohn¨Xpamb Xp©³ ]d¼v F¶ Øew Ct¸gpw ]WvU nX
]mac·mcS¡apÅ kIe tIcfobcpsSbpw `àn _lpam\§fp¡p ]m{Xambn {]tim`n¨p
sIm­ncn¡p¶p. sNs¶m¡pw ]pXpaebm×X³ atlizc³ þ hmWcqfnb ]pWy t£{Xamb Xp©³
]d¼v {_n«ojv ae_mÀ(ae¸pdw) s]m¶m\n Xmeq¡v Xr¡­nbqÀ inht£{X¯n\ev¸w ]Snªmdv
XncqÀ sdbnÂsh kvtddj\p kao]amWv ØnXn sN¿p¶Xv . CXnsâ a[y¯n Ct¸mÄ HmSv
taªpÅ Hcp sNdnb KpcpaThpw AXnsâ Npäp]mSpambn ]d¼p \ndsb at\lc§fmb tIc
hr£§fpw \n¡p¶Xv F{Xbpw lrZbm\µIcamb Hcp ImgvN Xs¶bmWv. A]cnjvIrXambn
InS¡p¶ Hcp Ipfhpw InWdpw Cu KpcpaT¯n\v kao]¯p­v . InWän shÅw Ipd¨p
am{XtabpÅpsh¦nepw AXv Hcp Ime¯pw häp¶nÃ. AXn Kpcphnsâ hI \mcmbw,
Bcm[\m_nw_§Ä XpS§nb ]ehninjv S hkv X p¡fpw InS¡p¶XpsIm­msW¶mWv
tZihmknIfpsS hnizmkw. (1926  {]kn²oIcn¡s¸« hnZzm³ sI. i¦c³ Fgp¯Ñsâ
Xp©s¯gp¯Ñ³) C§s\ B BNmcysâ ]mZkv]À¯m Xs¶ ]hn{Xamsbmcp a®mWv Xp©³
]d¼v. Cs¶mcp XoÀ°mS\ tI{µambn hfÀ¶ Xp©³]d¼n IhnIpe Kpcphnsâ kvacW \ne
\nÀ¯p¶Xn\mbn kvamcIw \nÀ½n¨n«p­v. FÃmhn[ kÖoIcW§tfmSv IqSnb KthjW]T\
tI{µhpw kmlnXyayqknbhpw CtXmsS¸w D­v.
Hcp N¡me \mbÀ kv{Xo A]cnNX\mb Hcp {_mÒW\v BXnYyw \ÂInsb¶pw
B {_mÒW\n \n¶p e`n¨ k´m\amWv Fgp¯Ñ³ F¶mWtÃm sFXolyw. F¶m CXv
{_mÒWkaqlw sI«nbp­m¡nb Hcp IYam{XamWv. A¶s¯ kmaqlnIØnXn A\pkcn¨v
{_mÒWÀ¡v am{Xambncp¶p thZ§fpw aäpw ]Tn¡p¶Xn\pÅ AhImiap­mbncp¶Xv. CXn\v
hn]coXamsbcp N¡me¸¿³ DZbw sN¿p¶Xv AhÀ¡v kln¡mhp¶Xn\¸pdambncp¶p. AXn\mÂ
Ahsâ ]nXr Øm\¯v Hcp {_mÒWmwiw tNÀ¡pIbpw {_mÒW\n \n¶ÃmsX C{Xbpw
]WvU nX\mb HcmÄ P\n¡pIbnsöpw Dd¸ns¨Sp¡pIbp­mbn. Asæn¯s¶ hgnsb
t]mI p¶hsc
k ´m\mÀ° w
hnfn¨p
Ib䯡h®w
Fgp¯Ñs â
Xdhm Sv
\nIrjvSaÃmbncp¶psh¶Xn\v {]Xy£amb sXfnhpIfpw e`yamWv.
A{KP³ aakXmw hnZpjmat{Kkc³
aÂKpcp \mY\t\Imt´hmknItfmSpw
DÄ¡pcp¶n¦Â hmgvI, cma\mNmcy\pw
apJy·mcmb Kpcp`qX·mÀ aäptÅmcpw
F¶v A²ymß cmambW¯n Kpcp\mY³ Xs¶ X\n¡p cmas\¶ t]cn Hcp tPyjvT³
D­mbncp¶Xmbpw At±l¯n\v At\Iw injy·mÀ D­mbncp¶Xmbpw {]kvXmhn¡p¶p­v.
A¯c¯n IoÀ¯ns¸«ncp¶ Hcp IpSpw_¯n C§s\ Hcp kw`h¯n\v bmsXmcp {]kànbpw
ImWp¶nÃXm\pw.
F¦n Fgp¯Ñ³ {_mÒW\mbmcpt¶m? Hcn¡epaà F¶v Dd¸n¨p Xs¶ ]dbmw. Xsâ
Imhy§fn ]teS¯pw Ihn {_mÒW alXzs¯ kvXpXn¡pIbpw Xm³ ]mZP·mßmhmsW¶v
]dbpIbpw sN¿p¶p.
A²ymß cmambW¯nse
ImcW`qX·mcmw {_mÒWcpsSNcþ
WmcpWmw_pPeo\]mTkpk©bw aa
tNtXmZÀ¸W¯nsâ amem\ysaÃmwXoÀ¯p
tim[\ sNbvXoSphm\mthmfw hµn¡pt¶³
]mZtkhI\mb `à\mw Zmk³ {_½þ
]mZP\PvRm\n\mamZy\mbptÅmcp Rm³
thZ¯n¶m[mc `qX·mcn¡mWmsbmcp
`qXtZh{]hc·mÀ XZzcim]mZnIÄ
[mXyi¦c\mjvWp {]apJ·mÀ¡p aXw
thZÚmt\m¯·mÀ amlmßy§fm¡p sNmÃmw
F¶ hcnIfpw, `mcXw Infn¸m«nhse,
X¯zPvR\mb kqX³ hn{]\m\p\nIsf
¨n¯¯nepd¸n¨p hµn¨p `àntbmsS
IcpWNn¯·mcmw [cWokpchrµþ
NcWwt`mcpams¯ÈcWw {]m]nbv¡pt¶³
XpS§nbhbpw Cu hmZ¯n\pd¸p \evIp¶p­v. At¸mÄ £{Xnb³ ? At±l¯nsâ Imhy§fnse
kqN\Ifpw aäpw ]cnti[n¨m Hcp Imcyw a\knemIp¶­v. Imhy§fnepS\ofw ImWp¶ NqSqÅ
tNmcbpsS XpSn¸v , Hcp ]t£ Hcp £{XnbIpe¯n ]nd¶XpsIm­p am{Xw ssIh¶
bp²hÀW\m]mShw, IYm]m{XkrjvSn Kmw`ocX, ho«phogvNbnÃm¯ ImÀ¡iyw XpS§nbh. C{Xbpw
kqN\IÄ aXntbm At±lw B hwi¯n ]nd¶sX¶v ]dbm³? AdnbnÃ. F¦nepw
£{XnbIpe¯n ]nd¶, {_mÒta[mhnXzs¯ AwKoIcn¡p¶ H¸w AXnsâ Noª hi§sf
Ipdn¨v Nn´n¡p¶ Hcp kmaqlnI ]cnjvIrXImw£n Xs¶bmWv Fgp¯Ñ³.
\maw
Fgp¯Ñ³ F¶ hm¡n\v Fgp¯v ]Tn¸n¡p¶h³, Kpcp, Bim³ Fs¶ms¡ AÀ°w
Iev¸n¡mw. sFXnlyamebn sNs{¼gp¯NvO·mÀ F¶ IYbn hS¡³ Zn¡pIfn Ip«nIsf
Fgp¯n\ncp¯pIbpw Fgp¯v ]Tn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hsc s]mXpsh hnfn¨ncp¶ t]cmbncp¶p
Fgp¯NvO³ F¶v kqNn¸n¡p¶p­v. AXp t]mse Xs¶ tIcfNcn{XkmlnXyImc³, Fgp¯Ñ³
F¶pÅ ]Z¯nsâ PmXnsb¸än bmsXmcp kqN\bpw Csöpw \m«mim³ Ft¶ AXn\v
AÀ°apÅpsh¶pw ]dbp¶p­v. ]me¡mSv PnÃbn imtàb]qP ]n³XpSÀ¶p hcp¶hSt¡¸m«v,
tNmgnb¯v F¶o c­v Xdhm«pImÀ C¶pw Fgp¯Ñ·mÀ F¶ t]cn Xs¶bmWv Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv.
tIme¯p¶m«nse Fgp¯p¸ÅnIfn Bim·mcmb \mb·msc Fgp¯Ñ³ F¶pw
Xn¿À XpS§nb aäv PmXn¡msc Kpcp¡Ä F¶pamWv ]dªphcp¶Xv. sXs¡ ae_mdn Fgp¯Ñ³
hmbn¡pI F¶ Hcp hnZym`ymkcoXn \ne\n¶ncp¶Xmbpw ]dbs¸Sp¶p­v. sXs¡ ae_mdnenÂ
{]tXyIn¨pw ]Wb hÅph\mSv, s]m¶m\n, Gd\mSv Xmeq¡pIfn itàb]qP hn[nIfn Hcp
Kpcphn \n¶v in£Ww In«n Fgp¯Ñ³ BS F¶ NS§n\p tijw B ]qP Ign¡m\pÅ
AÀlX t\SnbhÀ¡v Cu Øm\t¸cv e`n¨ncp¶p. A²ymßcmambWw Injv¡nÔmImWvU¯nse
{InbmamÀtKm]tZi¯n sXfnªpImWp¶ hmZXt{´à§fmb a{´§fpw ]qPIÀ½m[nIfpw
Fgp¯Ñ³ imtàb\mtWm F¶ kwibw P\n¸n¡p¶p­v. CXnsems¡ \n¶v Fgp¯Ñ³ F¶Xv
Hcp \mat[btam PmXnt¸tc Asöpw adn¨v Hcp Øm\t¸cv am{Xambncp¶psh¶pw a\Ênem¡mw.
At¸mÄ \½psS BNmcysâ bYmÀ° t]sc´mWv ? Idphms´gn i¦c³ Fgp¯Ñsâ
A`n{]mb¯n BNmcy³ sshjvWhmNmcy\mb cmam\pPsâ injy\mbncp¶psh¶pw ]n¡me¯p
injy³ B t]cv kzoIcn¨p F¶XpamWv. Cu A`n{]mbw A{X kzoImcyaÃ. kz´w t]cpt]mepw
\o¡m³ apXncm¯ hn\bm\znX\mb Ihn Kpcphnsâ t]cv kz´am¡n F¶v ]dbp¶Xv
kmam\y_p²n¡v \nc¡m¯XmWv. IqSmsX cmam\pPmNmcysâ PohnXImew {Im. ]n. ]Xns\¶mw
iXI¯nemsW¶v DÅqÀ \nco£n¡p¶p­v. `mjmNcn{XIÀ¯mhmb ]n. tKmhnµ¸nÅbpsS
A`n{]mb¯n i¦c³ F¶Xv At±l¯nsâ t]cmsW¶pw cmam\pP³ F¶Xv ]ctZik©mcw
IgnªXn\p tijw In«nbXpamsW¶pamsW¶mWv. hntZik©mcIme¯mWv cmam\pPs\ At±lw
I­pap«p¶Xv . Xsâ A`n{]mb¯nsâ ASnØm\w Fs´¶v ]n. tKmhnµ¸nÅ HcnS¯pw
hyàam¡p¶nÃ.
A{KP³ aakXmw hnZqjmat{Kkc³
aÂKpcp\mY\t\Imt´hmknItfmSpw
DÄ¡pcps¶¦Â hmgvI, cma\mNmcy\pw
apJy·mcmb Kpcp`qX·mÀ aäptÅmcpw
F¶ A²ymßcmambW¯nse `mKw ASnØm\am¡n NneÀ Fgp¯Ñ\p cmam\pP³ F¶ t]cv
krjvSn¨p sImSp¯sX¶mWv DÅqcnsâ A`n{]mbw. AtXmsS¸w Fgp¯Ñsâ icnbmb t]cv cma³
F¶mbncp¶psh¶pw NnäqÀ KpcpaT¯n\p cmamµ]pcw F¶ t]cv DÅXn\m k\ymkm\´cw
Fgp¯Ñ³ F¶ t]cv kzoIcn¨psh¶pw At±lw ]dbp¶p.
htµlw Kpcpk{¼Zmba\niw
Xp©s¯gpw {ioKpcpw.
F¶ tÇmIw NnäqÀaT¯nse k\ymknIÄ C¶pw sNmÃn {]mÀ°n¡mdp­v. kmlnXyNcn{XImc\mb
BÀ.\mcmbW¸Wn¡À BNmcysâ atZbw cma³ Xs¶ F¶Xn\v {_ÒmWvU ]pcmW¯nse
cma`àmVy\mIpw cmainjy\menZw F¶ `mKw Nq­n¡mWm¡p¶p. cma³ Xs¶bmWv BNmcysâ
t]sc¶v I®È·mcpw Fgp¯Ñ\pw F¶ IyXnbn sI. C \mcmbW¸nÅbpw A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p.
Imew
Nne Ncn{X kwkvImcnI hkvXpXIfpsS \nKa\¯n Fgp¯Ñsâ Imew
GItZiw Hcp cq]w hmÀs¯Sp¡m³ ]WvUnßmÀ¡v Ignªn«p­v. F¶m IrXyamsbmcp
\nco£Ww ChnsSbpw km[yambn«nÃ. Kp­À«v, temK³, _ÀWÂ F¶o hntZinIÄ sImÃhÀjw
776 apXÂ 874 hscbpÅ ImeamWv ]dbp¶Xv AXmbXv {InkvXp hÀjw ]Xn\mdv, ]Xnt\gv
\qäm­pIÄ. kmlnXyImc\mb BÀ. \mcmbW¸Wn¡À taev¸¯qÀ \mcmbW`«Xncn FgpXnb
\mcmbWob Imhy¯nse BbpcmtcmKykuJyw F¶ IenZn\hmIy¯n \n¶pw At±l¯nsâ
Imew IW¡m¡pIbpw AXn \n¶mWv Fgp¯Ñ³ sIm.h 750\pw 825 \pw CSbnemWv
Pohn¨ncp¶sX¶ v kaÀ°n¡p¶p. taev¸¯qcpw Fgp¯Ñ\pw kaImen Icmbncp¶ p
F¶XmWnXn\m[mcw.
hntZi¯p\n¶pw sIm­ph¶A²ymßcmambWw aqes¯ A¼e¸pg cmPmhnsâ
Bhiy{]Imcw BNmcy³ Fgp¯n ]IÀ¯pIbpw XpSÀ¶v Infn¸m«v \nÀ½n¡pIbpw D­mbn
F¶v Hcp sFXolyap­v. CXnsâ ASnØm\¯n A²ymßcmambWw aqew hntZi¯v \n¶pw
sIm­ph¶ Ien ]hn{XIc: kq¿: F¶XmWv CXv 787 F¶ sImÃhÀj kwJybmWv. AXmbXv
{InkvXphÀjw 1612. AXpt]mse A²ymßcmambW¯nsâ Ahkm\¯n ]hn{Xw ]cw kuJyw
F¶p ImWp¶Xv AXv FgpXn¯oÀ¶ Znhks¯ IenZn\kwJybmsW¶v H cp ]£ap­v .
A§s\bmsW¦n AXpw sIm.h 787 Xs¶bmWv. AXpt]mse NnäqÀ KpcpaT¯n \n¶v kn.
FÊv. tKm]me]Wn¡À {]kn²s¸Sp¯nb Hcp eLp]{XnIbnÂ, Fgp¯Ñ³ cmam\µ{Kmaw
{_mÒWÀ¡v Zm\w sNbvXXv sIm.h 789 emsW¶v ]dbp¶p­v. CXpw Fgp¯Ñ³ 16þmw \qäm­nsâ
D¯cmÀ²¯n\pw 17þmw\qäm­nsâ ]qÀÆmÀ¯n\pw CSbv ¡mWv Pohn¨ncp¶sX¶ hmZs¯
i¦s¸Sp¯p¶p. F¶m cmam\µB{iaw Fgp¯Ñ\à injy³ kqcy\mcmbW\mWv Zm\w sNbvXXv
Fs¶mcp hmZw D­v. C\n `mjm]cambn ]cntim[n¨mÂ
Hcp Imes¯ `mjbn \n¶v asä#mcp Imes¯ `mjbv ¡ p KWyamb Nne
hyXymk§Ä ImWmhp¶XmWv. `mjmaÀ½ hmZnIÄ¡v Hmtcm \qäm­nsebpw `mj shtÆsd
Xncn¨dnbm³ km[n¡pw. Cu \nebn Fgp¯Ñsâ IrXnIfn \n¶v At±l¯nsâ Imew
\nÀWbn¡m³ km[n¡p¶XmWv . I®È·mÀ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ ]Wn¡·mcpsS `mjmcoXo
Fgp¯Ñsâ coXnbn \n¶v hfsc hyXymks¸«XmWv. Xangv ]Z§fpsS {]Nmchpw `mjmhr¯w
F¶nhbpsS kz`mhhpw \nan¯w {]Ya ZrjvSnbn Xs¶ Fgp¯Ñ\p hfsc ap¼mWv ]Wn¡·mcpsS
PohnXImesa¶v a\knem¡mw. C§s\Xs¶ ]gb ]Z§fpsS {]Npcyw sIm­pw aäpw
IrjvWKmY¡mc\mb sNdptÈcnbpw At±l¯nsâ ap³]msW¶v Bcpw k½Xn¡pw. sIm.h 650\pw
750 \pw({In.h15,16 \qäm­#v). a[y¯nemWv sNdptÈcnbpsS PohoXImesa¶Xn Ncn{XImc·mÀ¡pw
`n¶m`n{]mbw ImWp¶nÃ. `mjbpsS {Ia_²amb hfÀ¨bpw ]cnWmahpw t\m¡nbmÂ
sNdptÈcnbpsS ASp¯ A\´cImen\ Fgp¯Ñ\msW¶v sXfnbpw. Fgp¯Ñ³ `mjsb¡mÄ
\ho\amWv \¼ymcpsS `mj. At±l¯nsâ PohoXImew ]Xns\«mw \qäm­msW¶pw
XoÀ¨s¸Sp¯nbn«p­v.
tIcfIuapZnbpsS IÀ¯mhmb tImhp®n s\Sp§mSn ]Xn\©mw\qäm­nse `mjm
Ncn{XImc\mb ]n. tKmhnµ ]nÅ ]Xn\©v, ]Xn \mdv \qäm­ pIfntebv¡pw `mjm
kmlnXyNcn{XImc\mb DÅqÀ ]Xn\mdmw \qäm­nsebv ¡ pw BNmcysâ ImeL«s¯
sIm­pt]mIp¶ps­¦nepw apIfn ]dª Ncn{X]cambXpw `mhn]cambXpw Bb {]tXyIXIÄ
h¨psIm­v BNmcysâ PohnXImew ]Xn\mdmw \qäm­nsâ D¯cmÀ²¯n\pw ]Xnt\gmw
\qäm­nsâ ]qÀÆmÀ²¯n\pw CSbnemWv F¶v Dd¸n¡mw
`àn{]Øm\w
]Xnaq¶mw \qäm­nsâ Ahkm\t¯msS tIcf¯nse¶t]mse
`mcX¯nepw DS\ofw [mÀanIaqeyNypXn I­p XpS§nbncp¶p. {]tXyIn¨v sslµhkwkvImc¯nÂ
CXnsâ ]p\cp²mcW¯n\v th­n {io. i¦cmNmcycpsS t\XrXz¯n `mc¯nepS \ofw Hcp
`àn[mc DSseSp¯p. F¶m KK\amb Bib§fmWv i¦cmNmcycpsS Imhy§fnseÃmw
DÄs¡m­ncp¶Xv. AXn\m Xs¶ Ch P\§fn \n¶v hfsc AI¶p \n¶p. CtX kab¯pXs¶
Z£nW`mc¯nÂ
Bßob
X¯z§s f
ap³\nÀ¯nbpÅ
hmZ
{]XnhmZ§Ä
IYm{]kwK§Ä,{]`mjW§Ä `à·mcpsS kwL`P\Ifpw tLmjbm{XIfpw \S¶ph¶ncp¶p.
Ch P\§tfmSv IqSpXÂ ASp¯p \n¶p. `àn]camb \mS³]m«pIfpw imkvXmhns\ Ipdn¨pÅ
]m«pIfpw aäpw tIcf¯n {]mNqcw t\Snbncp¶p.
Aby! Fs§§pt]mIps¶³ ImfnkÀ¸ta
ap«bv¡ps]mcnªn«p t]mIp¶XmWt{X
XpS§n kÀ¸¸m«pIÄ, \mthäp]m«pIÄ, Nmäp]m«pIÄ, the³]m«pIÄ, thZm´]m«pIÄ
XpS§nbhbnepw
Acpas¸mcpfXmtb
Ac\pa¯pcpWotbmSpw
IcnIpeXeh\mbnþ
¡m\\aI¯p]q¡v
DcsamSp]pWcpa¶p
DXnÀs¯gpw KPapJysâ
NcW]¦Pw sXmgpt¶³
imkvXmhn³ th«sNmÂhm³ XpS§nb imkvXm]m«pIfnepw `ànbpsS BZyIncW§Ä
ImWmw. F¶m Chbnsems¡ kmlnXy]camb aqey§sfm¶pw Nq­n¡m«mInÃ.
tIcf¯n `àn Hcp {]Øm\ambpw AXv kmaqlnI amä¯n\v DXIp¶ D]m[nbmbpw
amdp¶Xv ]Xn\©mw \qäm­nsâ A´yt¯msSbmWv. AXn\pImcWamb ]e Imcy§fpw ap¼v
NÀ¨ sNbvXXp Xs¶bmWv. C§s\bpÅ B`y´camb kmkvImcnI PoÀWXbvs¡Xnsc IqSpXepw
{_mÒtWXccmb a\pjykvt\lnIÄ Xpd¶phn« kaql PmKcW{]Øm\amWv tIcf¯nse
`àn{]Øm\w. AXns\mcp ASp¡pw Nn«bpw \ÂIn AhXcn¸n¨Xv BNmcy\pamWv.
`àn{]Øm\w tIcf¯nsâ kmaqlnILS\bn sNdnbtXmXnepw kmwkvImcnI kmlnXy
taJeIfn KWyamb hn[¯nepw ]cnhÀ¯\w krjvSn¡pIbp­mbn. CSp§nb PmXnNn´IfnÂ
\n¶pw aäpw kaqlw Hs«ms¡ apàambn. {_mÒWcpsSbpw aäv kmaqlnI {]_ecpsSbpw taemf¯w
tNmZyw sN¿s¸«p.
tZlw \nan¯alw_p²nssIsIm­p
tamlw IeÀ¶ P´p¡Ä \ncq]n¡pw
{_m½tWmlw \tct{µmlamtVymlsaþ
Wmt{aUnXw IeÀ¶oSpw Zim´tc
DÅn I\¯ aZamÕcysa¶nhIþ
ansÅmcp ImeapXs\¶mInepw a\kn
sNmÃp¶Xmcp Xncp\ma§f¶h\p
\ÃqKXn¡p hgn lcn\mcmbW \a
XpS§nb BNmcysâ hm¡pItfmÀ¡pI. a\pjyscÃmw Cuizcsâ ap¼n ka·cmsW¶p h¶p.
BNmcy³ kaÀ°ambn {]tbmKn¨ `àn{]Øm\w tIcf kaql¯n hcp¯nb amäs¯ Ipdn¨v
kn. ANypXtamt\m³ tcJ¸Sp¯nb A`n{]mbw CXmWv. Cu kmwkvImcnI \thm°m\¯n\v
AXnsâ ^e§Ä D­mbn. ImÀtaL§Ä \o§n. cmjv{Sob aWv U ew ip²ambn XocpIbpw
sN¿Xt¸mÄ Fgp¯Ñsâ I\s¸« tPmenIfpsS ^ew {]Xy£ambn. At±l¯nsâ t\XrXzw
e`n¡m³ `mKyap­mb kapZmbw ]pXnb hyhØnXnbn ap¶Wnbn F¯nt¨cpIbpw
\qäm­pIÄ¡v ap¼v AhÀ ]peÀ¯nbncp¶ A´Êv A\p`hn¡m³ CShcnIbpw sNbvXp.
Fgp¯Ñ\pw
kaqlhpw.
FgpXn X¿mdm¡nbXv.
Hcp hyànbpsS cq]oIcWw \S¡p¶Xv Ahsâ DÅnÂ\n¶v am{XaÃ,Ahsâ
Npäp]mSpIfn \n¶pIqSnbmWv BÂhn³ tSm^v f À F¶ Atacn¡³ Fgp¯pImcsâ
\nco£WamWnXv.CXv BÂhn³ tSm^vfdnsâ am{Xw \nco£WaÃ,adn¨v kmaqlnI AhØIfnÂ
\n¶v amdn \n¶psIm­v Hcp hyàn¡pw ]qÀWamb hyàn kzmX´y¯nte¡v F¯ns¸Sm³
km[n¡p¶XÃ.kmlnXy¯nsâ Imcy¯nepw ØnXn asäm¶Ã.Hcp Imhyw \nÀ½n¡s¸Sp¶Xn\v
ImhyImeL«w,A¶s¯ kmaqlnI AhØ F¶nh hfsc henb Øm\w Xs¶bmWv.A{XtaÂ
kzm[o\X Htcm hm¡n\p]pd¯pw kaqlw \S¯p¶p.F¶m \qäm­pIÄ¡p ap³]v FgpXs¸«
Imhy §fn \n¶ v A¶s¯ hmb\¡mÀ¡pw A\phmNIÀ ¡pw e`n¨ncn¡mhp¶
sshImcnIhpw,_u²nIhpamb A\p`hw ]qÀWambpw ]p\ÀkrjvS n¡m³ \ap¡v Hcn¡epw
km[yaÃ.F¦nepw A¶s¯ kmaqlnI kmwkvImcnI AhØIfpsS ]p\Àhmb\bneqsS B
sshI mcnIX \a p¡v Duln s¨Sp¡m³ Hcp ]cn[ nhsc km[ n¡p¶XmWv.Cusbmc p
ASnØm\¯nemWv ]Xn\©v ]Xn\mdp \qäm­pIfnse kmaqlnImhØ ChnsS \nco£W
hnt[bamIp¶Xv.
Hä t\m«¯n tIcf kaql¯nsâbpw AXpt]mseXs¶ kmlnXy¯nsâbpw \thm°m\
ImeL«ambncp¶p ]Xn\©vþ]Xn\mdv \qäm­pIÄ.tIcf¯nte¡v BZyw IS¶ph¶ Bcy³amÀ
ChnSs¯ Xt±iob {ZmhnUtcmSv CSIeÀ¶v Pohn¡pIbmbncp¶p sNbv X Xv . F¶mÂ
Xt±iobcpsSta {]Xy£amsbmcp kzm[o\X ]peÀ¯m³ AhÀ¡v Ignªncpt¶m F¶Xn\v
hyàamb sXfnhpIsfm¶pw e`n¨n«nÃ.F¶m D¯tc´ybn \n¶v c­maXpIS¶ph¶
{_mÒW·mÀ ChnSs¯ tIcf {_mÒWcpambn CSIecpIbpw AhcpsS BNmcm\pjvTm\§Ä
DÄs¡m­v Xt±inbamb \ne ssIhcn¡bpw sNbv X p.\mw A`nam\t¯msS sIm­mSp¶
aebmf\mSnsâ X\Xp kwkv¡mc coXnIfntebv¡p,AXmbXv tIcf¯n \n¶pw Z£ntW´y³
kwkv¡mc¯n \n¶pw hyXykvXamsbmcp kwkv¡mcw Dcn¯ncnbm³ XpS§nbXv {_mÒWcpsS
BKa\t¯mSpIqSnbmWv . GXm­v B BKa\w 8þmw \qäm­p apXÂ 12 \qäm­phsc
\o­p\n¶ncp¶Xn\v sXfnhp­v.
{]Xy£¯n D]{ZhIcaÃm¯Xpw F¶m hfscb[nIw ASnsbmgp¡v DÅXpamb Hcp
B[n]XycoXnbmWv ChnsS IpSntbdnbncp¶ {_mÒW·mÀ \S¯nt¸m¶Xv._p²n]camb \o¡w
a\Ênem¡nbt¸mgpw Xt±iob P\X _u²nIamsbmcp taemfnXz¯n\p Iogvs¸«v t]mbncp¶p
F¶XmWv hmkvXhhpw.sshÚm-\nI aWvU-e-¯nepw B²ym-·nI aWvU-e-¯nepw Hcp-t]mse
ssIh-cn¨ B[n-]-Xy-amWv AhÀ¡n-hnsS \ne-bp-d-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ASn-¯-d-bm-bX
- v.-c­mw tNc km{amPy-¯nsâ ]X-\hpw asämcp Imc-W-ambn Nq­n-Im-«m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.-A-§-s\-sbms¡ Bbmepw kmaqln-Ihpw kmwkv¡m-cn-I-hp-amb cwK-§-fn {]Xy-£m-[n-]X
- yhpw ,cm-jv{Sob cwK-§-fn ]tcm£ B[n]-Xyhpw Øm]n-¡m³ AhÀ¡p Ign-ªp.-^yq-U hyh-Øn-Xn-bn A[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp cmjv{So-b-þkm-aq-ly-þk
- m-¼¯
- nI kwL-S\ cq]-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw AXnsâ k¼qW ta[m-hn-I-fmbn hne-km\pw {_mÒW-·mÀ¡v km[n-¨p.Cu Ime-L-«-¯n Xs¶ If-{`³amÀs¡-Xnsc Iem-]-§Ä \S-¡p-Ibpw _p²ssP\ aX-§Ä £bn-¡p-Ibpw lnµp-aXw BhnÀ`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.-If
- {- `-·msc FXnÀ¯v tXm¸n¨
cmPm-¡-·m-cm-Is« _p²-þ-ssP-\-a-X-§-fpsS Bcm-[-I-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.-]n-¶oSv lnµp-a-X-¯nsâ Ahm´c hn`m-K-§-fmbn AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸« ssi\-ssh-jvWh aX-§sfbmWv AhÀ ]n´m-§n-b-Xv.-lnµp
aX A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb cmPm-¡-·mcpw AhÀ¡v ]n´pW \ÂIn {_mÒW ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw ChnsS
]pXn-sbmcp kmwkvIm-cn-IX
- ew cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n-sb-Sp-¯p.-CX
- nsâ ^e-sa-t¶mWw tIc-ef¯nsâ At§mf-an-t§mfw Bcy-tZ-h-X-Isf {]Xn-jvTn¨ t£{X-§Ä [mcmfw D­m-bn.]n¶oSv t£{X-§sf tI{µam¡n Hcp kmwkv¡m-cnI hnkvt^mS\w Xs¶ D­m-bn.-ip-No-{µw,-]mÀ°n-h-]p-cw,-Im-´-ÃqÀ,-XnchÃ,s]-cp-´,-Xr-¡m-¡c XnÈ-h-t¸-cqÀ,-Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pcw XpS§n H«-\h
- [n t£{X-§Ä cq]wsIm­Xv C¡me-¯m-Wv.-{_m-Ò-W-·mÀ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp¶p Chn-Ss¯ a{´-X-{´mZn ]qPm-IÀ½-¯n D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸«n-cp-¶-Xpw.
t£{X-Im-cy-§-fpsS \S-¯n-¸n\pw aäpw ]Ww thW-sa-¶n-cnt¡ ]e-h-gn¡pw CXv h¶p-tNÀ¶psIm-­n-cp-¶p.-P-\§
- -fpsS ZyUamb `àn hnti-j-§Ä sIm­pw,-h-gn-]m-Smbpw,-\n-Ip-Xn-bn \n¶pw
c£-s¸-Sp¶Xn\p-th­n \ÂI-s¸« hkvXp-h-I-I-fmepw t£{X hI k¼¯v Zn\w-{]Xn hÀ²n-¨p.-cmPm-¡-·mcpw,P-\§
- fpw \ÂInb h¼n¨ `qkz¯v t\m¡n-\-S-¯p-¶-Xn-\mbn t£{X `c-W-k-anXn cq]w-
sIm-­p.Cu kan-Xn-bnse AwK-§Ä an¡-hmdpw {_mÒ-W-·mÀ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p.-t£-{Xm-[n-Im-chpw
]ucm-h -Im-ihpw sIm­v AhÀ thKw P·n-I-fmbn amdn.kmap-[m-bn-I -amb kwJy-_-e-¯n-epÅ
\q\]£w Iq«p-¶-Xn-\mbn ^e-{]-Z-amb Nne \S-]-Sn-IÄ Bkq-{XWw sNbvXv \S-¸n-em-¡n.-Ip-Sp-_¯nse aq¯-bmÄ am{Xw kzk-ap-Zm-b¯
- n \n¶v thfn Ign-¡p-Ibpw aäpÅ A]v^-·mÀ iq{ZÀ XpS§nb CXc kap-Zm-b-¯n \n¶pw k½´w IqSp-I-bp-am-bn-cp¶p coXn.-A-¯cw coXn-I-fn {_mÒWÀ Ah-cpsS B[n-]Xyw Dd-¸n-¨p.-A-tXm-Sp-IqsS {_mÒ-Wm-[n-]-Xyhpw PmXn-hy-h-Øbpw ChnsS
ZrV-ambn Xo˦p.
A¡me¯v £{Xw shdpw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-§Ä am{Xw Bbn-cp-¶n-Ã.-hnZym-`ym-khpw Ie-I-fp-saÃmw hfÀ¶p hnI-kn-¨Xv t£{X-a-Xn sI«n-\p-Ån-emWv (F¶m tIc-f¯n ]Xn-\mdmw \qäm-­n F{X t£{X-§Ä D­m-bn-cp¶p F¶v ]cn-tim-[n-¨m kmam-\y-amb
t_m[-ap-Å-hÀ¡v CXnsâ IÅ-I-fn-IÄ a\-Ên-em-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.-) C-§-s\-bpÅ kmwkvIm-cnI hn¹h-¯n\v Np¡m³ ]nSn-¨Xv {_mÒ-W-·mÀ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p.km[m-cW P\-§sf BIÀ£n-¡p-¶-Xn\p-th­n _p²-a-X-amÀKw kzoI-cn-¨p-sIm­v Iem-im-eI
- fpw ]mT-im-e-Ifpw Bcw-`n-¨p.-hn-ZymÀ°n-IÄ¡v
kuP-\y-ambn Xma-kn¨v hnZym-`ymkw sN¿p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kuIcyw D­m-bn-cp-¶p.-XÀ¡w,ao amwk,-h-Zm´w,-hym-Ic
- Ww XpS-§n-bh
- b
- n ]mWvUnXyw DÅ-hc
- m-bn-cp¶p Kpcp-¡·
- mÀ A²ym-]I
- s
- cbpw hnZymÀ°nI-sfbpw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ A¨-S¡ hyh-Ø-Ifpw D­m-bn-cp-¶p.-C-Xnsâ taem-f³amÀ FÃmw
Xs¶ {_mÒ-W³·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p.-Im-e-{I-a-¯m P·n k{¼-Zm-b-¯n\pw AXn-eqsS PmXn-k-{¼-Zm-b¯n\pw hgn-a-cp-¶n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p Cu A¨-S¡ kan-Xn-IÄ.
P·n-k-{¼-Zmbw
P³am-h-Im-i-apÅ hkvXp-¡Ä ssIhiw h¨v A\p-`-hn-¡pI F¶ AÀ°-¯n-emWv tIc-fm-Ncn-{X-¯n Xs¶ P³an F¶ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.t- I-c-f-¯nse kmwkm-Im-cnI Ncn-{X-¯n Hcp
{]tXyI Ime-L«- ¯
- nsâ ap{Z-bp-­m-bn-cp¶p Cu P³an k{¼-Zmbw.ap³]p kqNn-¸n-¨X
- p-t¸mse sslµh
£{X-§-fpsS \S-¯n-¸n\pw aäp-ambn [mcmfw kz¯v A{_m-Ò-W-cmb BÄ¡mÀ kw`m-h\ sNbvXp.A-§s\ t£{X-¯n kz¯p-Ip-¶p-Iq-Sn-b-t¸mÄ AXnsâ `c-W-¯nsâ taevt\m-«-¯n-\mbn sXc-sªSp-¡-s¸« Hcp kanXn cq]w sIm­p.-Du-cm-f-k-anXn F¶mWv Cu kanXn Adn-b-s¸-«-Xv.Cu kan-Xnbn A[nIw t]cpw {_mÒ-W-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p.BZyw Hcp hÀj-t¯bv¡p Chsc Xnc-sª-Sp-¯p.-]n¶oSv Imcy-£-a-Xsb ap³\nÀ¯n Ah-cpsS `c-W-Imew ZoÀLn-¸n-¨p.-an-¡-hmdpw Pohn-XI
- mew apgph\pw HcmÄ¡v Ducmf kan-Xn-bn AwK-am-bn-cn-¡m³ Ah-kcw e`n-¨p.-A-§s\ `c-W-¯n³ IognepÅ hkvXp-¡-fn Ducmf\v Pohn-Xm-`n-em£w F¶ t]cn P³am-h-Imiw \ÂIn h¶p.-P³a AhIm-i-apÅ hkvXp h¨-\p-`-hn-¡pI F¶ AÀ°-¯n ]n¶oSv P·n F¶ ]Z-ap-­m-bn.
F¶m Ducm-f\pw im´n-¡mc\pw X{´n-Ifpw am{X-am-bn-cp-¶nà A]qÀÆw Nne Imcmf-·mcpw h¼n¨ `qkz¯n\v Ah-Im-in-bmbn amdn.-CXv kmam\y P\-§-epsS I®n s]mSn-bn-Sp¶
hnZy-am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. -Nne imk\ tcJ-IÄ CXn\p sXfnhp \ÂIp-¶p­v.-A-t\-Im-bncw ]d \ne§fpw aäpw kz´-am-bn-cp¶ Imcm-f-·mÀ t£{X-¯n-te-¡pÅ taeSn apS-¡n-bm B \nehpw Imcmfsâ ssIh-i-apÅ aäp hkvXp-¡Ä apgp-h\pw {_mÒW ta[m-hn-IÄ¡v Xncns¨-Sp-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.C
- Xn\p ]pdsa {_mÒW kaqlw ap³ hyh-Ø-IÄ¡p hn]-co-X-ambn taeSn hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw t£{X
\ho-I-c-W-sa¶pw aäpÅ Imc-W-§Ä ]dªv IqSp-X BZmbw hkq-em-¡p-Ibpw {ItaW Imcmfsâ kz¯p-¡Ä apgp-h³ Ducm-f³ kz´-am-¡p-I-bpw sNbvXp.-B-Zy-Ime tcJ-I-fnse tZhkzw (tZhsâ hkvXp-¡Ä) {ItaW tZh-kz-am\ {_Òkzw F¶mbn amdn.-Xp-SÀ¶pÅ s]mfn-s¨-gp-¯p-I-eÂ
\n¶v {_Òkzw F¶v am{X-am-bn.Hcp t_m[-]qÀÆ-amb \o¡w Xs¶-bmWv CsX¶v Duln-¡m³ IqSpXÂ Adn-shm¶pw th­.-A-tXmsS tZh\p kz´amb hkvXp-¡-sfÃmw {_mÒ-W\p kz´-ambn amdn.
Hcp t£{X-¯nse h¼n¨ kz¯p-¡Ä ]eÀIqSn `cn-¡p-¶Xv Imcy-£-a-a-söv ]dªv
£{Xw hI hkvXp-¡Ä Ducmf kan-Xn-bnse AwK-§Ä Btfm-l-cn-hn-ln-Xw hs¨-Sp-¯p.-]e t£{X§-fp-sSbpw Ducmf kan-Xn-bn Htc AwK-§Ä Xs¶ D­m-bn-cn-¡pI F¶Xv kÀÆ km[m-c-W-amWv.`c-W-¯n\pw taÂt\m-«-¯n\pw DÅ kuIcyw F¶ \ymbw ]d-ªmWv Ducmf kan-Xn-bnse
AwK-§Ä X§-fpsS Ah-Im-i-§Ä h¨v amdn-b-Xv.A
- -§s\ A{_m-Ò-W-À t£{X-¯n-\mbn \ÂInb
`qkz¯v Hcp Ime-L«w Ign-ª-t¸mÄ {_mÒ-W-cpsS kz´-ambn amdn.-CXv Ahsc henb `qhp-S-a-Ifm¡n amän.-thZ ]mWvUn-Xyhpw th­{X kz¯pw ssIbn In«nb AhÀ Xs¶ kaq-ls¯ `cn¡m³ XpS-§n.-CXv tIc-f-¯nsâ Ccp­ GSmb PmXn-k-{¼-Zm-b¯
- n-tebv¡p \bn-¨p.
ap¼p-]-d-ª-Xp-t]mse c­mw tNc cmPm-¡-·m-cpsS ]X-\-¯n-\p-tijw tIcfw ]e \m«p-cmPy-§-fmbn `n¶n-¡-s¸-«p.- C-§s\ `n¶n-¡-s¸« \m«p-cm-Py-§-fp-sSbpw \mSp-hm-gn¯ `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\§-ep-sSbpw P³an-¯-hy-hØ
- b
- p-sSbpw ]Ým-¯-e¯
- n PmXn-hy-hØ cq]m-´c
- Ww {]m]n-¡p-I-bmWv
sNbvX-Xv.-A-Xm-bXv cmjv{Sob cwK¯v \mSp-hm-gn-¯hpw km¼-¯nI cwK¯v P·n-¯hpw kmaq-ly-cwK¯v PmXn-hy-h-Øbpw Iq«n-bp-d-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v Imc-Wamsb¶pw ]dbmw.F-Ãm-än\pw tase D­m-bn-cp¶Xv {_mÒW B[n-]Xyw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p.-]-Xn-\©v ]Xn-\mdmw \qäm-­n tIc-f-¯nse kmap-ZmbnI ]cn-XØ
XnIÄ ]cn-tim-[n-¨m PmXn-k-{¼-Zm-bs¯ ASn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp-¯n-bm-bn-cp¶p lnµp kapZm-b-¯nsâ kwhn-[m-\-sa¶v ImWmw.-{_m-Ò-W-·mÀ Xs¶ Bbn-cp¶p kap-Zm-b-¯nsâ Gähpw apIÄ
X«nÂ.-C-h-cn Xs¶ \mb-·mÀ P\-kw-Jy-bnepw kzm[o\ iàn-bnepw ap¶n-«p-\n-¶n-cp-¶p.Ch-cnÂ
{]ap-Jcpw ]S-bm-fn-I-Ä Bbn-cp¶p.bp-²-am-bn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS apJy-sXm-gn-se-¦nepw \mSp-hm-gn-I-fm-tbm,I-W-s¡-gp-¯p-Im-cm-tbm,-Kp-a-Ø-·m-cmtbm tPmen t\m¡n-bn-cp-¶p.-A-´-Ên\pw am\y-Xbv¡pw tNÀ¶Xà F¶-Xn-\m hmWn-Py-¯nepw icoc A[zm-\-apÅ Hcp sXmgn-enepw \mb-·mÀ GÀs¸-«n-cp-¶n-Ã.aX--Im-cy-§-fn-epw,-km-ap-Zmb¯n-epw,-{_m-Ò-WÀ¡p tijw \mb-·mÀ¡m-bn-cp¶p Øm\w.km-aq-lnI ]Z-hn-bn ASp¯ Øm\w Xn¿-·mÀ¡m-bn-cp-¶p.-ap-¡p-hÀ]pe-bÀ,]-d-bÀ XpS-§nb aäp PmXn-¡m-cm-bn-cp¶p kaq-l-¯nsâ XmW-]-Z-\n-bn \ne-\n-¶n-cp-¶-Xv.-{_m-ÒWÀ,-£-{Xn-bÀ XpS-§nb khÀW lnµp-IÄ¡v khn-tij A[n-Im-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb ]Zhn D­m-bn-cp¶p.-Pm-Xn-]c
- -amb BNm-c§
- Ä hn«p-ho-gvNb
- n-ÃmsX ]men-¡m³ Ahcpw _m[y-Ø-cm-bn-cp-¶p.-A-hÀ sNdnsbmcp ewL\w \S-¯n-bm aXn Ahsc kap-Zmbw {`jvSv Iev]n¨v apÉow-§Ät¡m ,{In-kvXym-
\nIÄt¡m hnev¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p ]Xn-hv.-A-Xn-\m Xs¶ {_mÒ-WÀ Hgn-sI-bpÅ kap-Zm-b-¡mÀ Cu
BNm- c - § Ä IÀi- \- a mbn ]men-¨ p-t ]m-¶ n- c p- ¶ p.- C - Xn Gähpw AÔamb BNmcw sXm«p-I qSmbvabmWv.Xm-gv¶P
- m-Xn-¡msc sXmSp-Itbm Ah-cpsS `h-\-¯n \n¶v `£Ww Ign-¡p-Itbm sNbvXncp-¶n-Ã.
Xo­Â,sXm-SnÂ,-I-­-Iq-Smbva F¶nh PmXn-]-c-amb ]oU-\-§Ä Bbn-cp-¶p.-\m-bm-SnI-tfm,-]p-e-bt\m \¼qXn-cnsb ImWm-\n-S-bm-bm \¼q-Xn-cn¡v Abn-¯-am-bn.-]p-e-b³ \mbm-·m-cnÂ
A¶v Adp-]Xv hmc-a-Ise \n¡-W-sa-¶mWv hyhØ .\m-bÀ kap-Zm-b-¡mÀ s]mXp \nc-¯n-eqsS
k©-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Xs¶ PmXn-¡mÀ bmZr-ÝnI-am-bn-t¸mepw Xo­m-hm-c-¯n-\-¸pdw h¶v Aip-²-am¡m³ ]mSn-Ã.Cu \nbaw ewLn-¡p-¶-hsc P\-k-½-X-t¯m-sSbpw PmXn-k-½-X-t¯m-sSbpw h[n-¡p¶
k{¼-Zmbw D­m-bn-cp-¶p.
tIc-f-¯nse PmXn-hy-hØ C´y-bpsS CX-c-`m-K¯v \ne-\n¶ PmXn-hy-h-Ø-sb-¡mÄ {Iqchpw,-k¼
- qÀWhpw Bbn-cp-¶p.-hÀ¤-aÀZ-\s
- ¯-¡mÄ {Iqc-hpw,ss]-im-Nn-I-hp-am-bn-cp¶p PmXn-aÀ±-\w.-km¼-¯nI Nqj-Whpw cmjv{bob aÀ±-\hpw IqSmsX aÀ±nX hn`m-K¯
- ns\ hwi-]c
- -ambn AIän \nÀ¯pIbpw sshÚm-\n-I-ambn \n{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.-C-§s\ {]Im-i-m-am\am-sbmcp Ime-L-«¯n Ccp«v Ip¯n-\n-d-bv¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p {_mÒ-W-k-aq-lw.
tZh-Zmkn k¼-Zmbw
Ncn-{Xm-cw`w apXÂ ]ptcm-ln-X-hÀK-¯n-sâbpw BVy-`-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sSbpw CÝ-bv¡-\pk-cn¨v NphSv hbv¡p-Ibpw hgn-bn-se-hn-sStbm h¨v ]pdw-´Å
- -s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp hn`m-K-amWv
tZhZmkn-IÄ.tZh-Zmkn F¶m tZhsâ `mcy F¶mWv B hm¡n-\À°w.-£-{X-§-fnse tPmen-IÄ
\nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xn\pw \r¯-I-em-Zn-IÄ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw th­n tZh\p t\À¨-bmbn kÀ¸n-¡s¸« kv{XoIÄ! tZho hn{K-ls¯ Nmacw sIm­v hoip-I,-Ipw-`m-cXn G´n tZh\v AI-¼Sn tkhn¡p-I,-£-{Xhpw ]cn-k-chpw ipNn-bm-¡pI F¶nh tZh-Zm-kn-I-fpsS tPmen-bpsS `mK-am-bn-cp-¶p.-temI-¯n £{X-§Ä \ne-hn-ep-­m-bn-cp¶ an¡ cmPy-§-fnepw tZh-Zmkn k{¼-Zm-b§
- fpw \ne-hn-ep­m-bn-cp-¶p.-A[
- n-Im-ct- I-{µ-§t- fmSv tNÀ¶v Xs¶bmbn-cp¶p BZy-Im-e§
- f
- n tZhZm-kn-If
- psS ØnXn.]q-Pm-cn-sb-t¸mse tZh-Zm-kn-Ifpw _lp-am-\n-¡s
- ¸-«n-cp-¶p.-GI
- t- Ziw 7 Xcw tZh-Zm-kn-Is
- f-¸än kwkvIrX-Ir-Xn-I-fn ]cm-aÀiw ImWmw.
(^)Z¯: tZh\p kzbw kaÀ¸n-¨-hÄ,
(2)hn{InX: tZh\v hne-¡-s¸-«h
- Ä,
()`rXy: tZhs\ ]cn-N-cn-¡p-¶-hÄ
(À)`à---- -- þ `àn-sIm­v £{X-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v Pohn-¡p-¶-hÄ.
({Zn)lrX: {]tem-`-\-§-fn-eqsS sIm­p-h¶v tZh\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-hÄ,
(¶)Ae-¦mcw: cmPmthm \mSp-hm-gntbm tZh\p kaÀ¸n-¡p¶ ]mWvUn-Xyhpw Ie ]mS-hhpw DÅhÄ.- C-hÀ t£{X-¯n-\p-Xs¶ Ae-¦m-c-ambn Icp-Xs
- ¸-«n-cp-¶p.
tZh-Zm-kn-IÄ,-Zm-kn-IÄ,-tZ-hc
- S- n-bmÀ,-tX-hn-Sn-¨n-IÄ,-Iq¯n¨n-IÄ,-IqSn-¡mcn-IÄ F-¶n-§s\ ]e t]cp-I-fn AhÀ Adn-bs
- ¸-«n-cp-¶p.-Iq-¯n-¨n,-tX-hn-Sn¨n F¶o hm¡p-IÄ
C¶v Ak-`y-hm-¡p-I-fm-bn-«mWv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw A¡m-e¯v CXv tZh-Zm-kn-I-fpsS ]Z-hn-Ifm-bn-cp-¶p.-F-¶m Ime-{I-a-¯n tZhsâ Zmkn F¶ [mXzmÀ°w ]ptcm-ln-X-þ`- -c-W-hÀK-¯nsâ
Zmkn-bmbn amdn.-t£-{X-`n-¯n-I-fnepw Nn{X XqWp-I-fnepw XpS§n Ihn-IÄ Ahsc Xsâ Ihn-X-Ifn tImdn-bn-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.-]X
- n-\memw iX-I-¯n cNn-¡-s¸« inh-hn-emkw F¶ IrXn,-\r-¯-Ie-bnse tZh-Zm-kn-I-fpsS ssh`-h-¯n\v DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv.-a-Wn-{]-hmf kmln-Xys¯ k¼-¶-am-¡nb
A¨o Ncn-X-§-sfÃmw Xs¶ C§-s\-bpÅ tZh-Zm-kn-I-fpsS hÀW-\-I-fm-Wv.C\n Iem-Im-c-·m-cm-Is«
Ahsc kzmwio-I-cn¨v £{X-Np-h-cp-I-fn cXn inev]§
- fpw kme-`-RvPn-I-fp-am¡n amän.-k-aq-l-¯nsâ
A[:]X-\-¯n Xs¶-bmWv CXv XpS¡w Ipdn-¨-Xv.-Im-e-t_m-[-an-ÃmsX FÃm ka-bhpw C§-s\bpÅ tZh-Zm-kn-I-fpsS hÀW-\-I-fn-te¡v kmln-Xyhpw tNt¡-dn.-hÀW-\-I-fnse `mh-\-IÄ \ÃXp
Xs¶-bm-Wv.-F-¶m- Ime-{I-a-¯n {]uVam-sbmcp kmln-Xy-im-Jsb sh®-¡-en XoÀ¯ aq{X]p-c-I-sf¶v kmlnXy \ncq-]-Isc sIm­v ]d-bn-¸n-¡p¶ ØnXn-bn-te¡v sIms­-¯n-¨Xv Cu tZhZmkn k{¼-Zm-bhpw ,Du-Wnepw Dd-¡-¯nepw Ahsc hnNm-cn¨v Imew t]¡nb {_mÒW kaq-lhpw
Xs¶-bm-Wv.
aWn{]hmfw
kaqls¯ AS¡n`cn¨ncp¶ {_mÒW hÀ¤¯n\v A¶s¯ hyhlmc `mjbmbncn¶
sImSp´angnt\mSv bmsXmcp {]Xn]¯nbpw D­mbncn¶nÃ. AXpsIm­v Bcy`mjbmb kwkvIyXw
]Tn¡pIbpw AXn {KÙ cN\ \S¯pIbpw sNbvXp. F¶m Ime{Ia¯n s]mXpP\§tfmSv
s]mcp¯s¸SWsa¦n AXn\ptbmPyamb `mjXs¶ thWsa¶v t_m[ys¸SpIbpw AXnsâ
^eambn sImSp´angpw kwkvIyXhpw IqSntNÀs¶mcp an{i`mj D­m¡n. CXmWv aWn{]hmfw.
GItZiw
F«mw iXIw apXemWv aWn{]hmfw D­mbsX¶v kmlnXyNcn{XImc³
k¦ev]n¡p¶p­v. F¶m aebmf kmlnXyw ImeL«§fneqsS F¶ {KÙ¯n Fcptaen
{Inkv X phÀjw ]¯v þ ]Xns\m¶v iXI§fnemWv aWn{]hmf¯nsâ BZyIncW§Ä
ImWp¶sX¶p ]dbp¶p. F´ncp¶mepwhyàamb sXfnhpIÄ e`n¡p¶Xphsc ImeL«anhnsS
\n¡s«.
\ap¡v t\mt¡­Xv Fgp¯Ñsâ ImeL«¯nse kmlnXyamWv. Fgp¯Ñsâ Imew
]Xn\©v þ]Xn\mdv iXI§sf¶v Dd¸n¨m Nn{X`m\p \¼qXncn cNn¨ i_vZ mÀ° Zo]nI
At±l¯nsâ injy³ cNn¨sX¶v IcpXp¶ `mhNn´mhen XncpawK]¯v \oeIWvT³ cNn¨
a\pjzme N{µnI ,amXwKeoe ,ImthrÃmkw, sh«¯p\m«pchn hÀ½ X¼pcmsâ hXSoImkap¨bw
\mcmbW³ \¼qXncnbpsS kp`Kktµiw ag awKe¯v \mcbW³ \¼qXncnbpsS kvamÀ¯
{]mbÝn¯ hnaÀin\n alnj awKe `mWw, cmk{IoUmImhyw,
D¯ccmambWw N¼p
XpS§nbbh Cu ImeL«¯n cNn¨hbmWv. Chbnse `mj ]cntim[n¨m Xs¶ ChsbÃmw
kwkvIyXP\yamsW¶v \nkwibw ]dbmhp¶XmWv. agawKew \mcmbW³ \¼qXncnbpsS ss\j[w
N¼p cmP cXv\mhenbw, sImSnbhnclw, _mWbp²w ,Nne {_mÒWnþ§Ä F¶n§s\ c­p
{]hml§fmWv. aWn{]hmfkmlnXyw F¶ FcptaenbpsS\nKa\¯n F¯ntNcp¶XmWv
\nKa\w.
C§s\ Hs«ms¡ HmSn¨p t\m¡pt¼mÄ BVy{_mÒW tI{µnIyXamsbmcp
\mSphmgn¯¯n ]peÀ¶ncp¶ kaql¯nep­mb kmlnXy§fpw AhcpsS BkzmZ\ ]cXsb
Xy]v X ns¸Sp¯p¶h Bbncn¶p.Iogmfs\ Adnhn \n¶v AIän \nÀ¯pIbpw Imhyhpw
ImhyImc\pw X§fmbncn¡Wsa¶pw Imthym¸mZ\ hkvXp¡Ä X§Ä¡v DÅXmsW¶pÅ
t_m[¯n \n¶p­mb Hcp XtâSamWv {_mÒW tI{µoIyXamb kmlnXy kwkvImc¯nsâ
aqeyNypXnbv¡v ImcWw. C§s\ \yq\]£amb k¼¶cpsS ]nSnbn kaqlw AaÀ¶pt]mbt¸mÄ
kv { Xnt `mK hkvXphmbn Xc w Xmgv¶p.k aql¯ns e aäpÅhÀ Cu \yq\]£¯nsâ
BÚm\phÀ¯nIfmbn amdn. ]m«pIÄ, \oe IWvU³ \¼qXncnbpsS sX¦e\mtYmbw, ]p\w
\¼qXncnbptSsX¶v IcpXs¸Sp¶ cmambWw N¼p At±l¯ntâsX¶v IcpXs¸Sp¶ `mcXw N¼p,
Chsb IqSmsX Nne `m£mN¼p¡fpw KtP{µtam£w,{]lvfmZNcnXw, ]qX\mtam£w,hnjvWpamb
NcnXw,ImfnbaÀ±\w,Iwkh[w,IptNehr¯w,icymXnNcnXw,(Xn]pcZl\w)D­mbn«p­v.ChsbÃmw
Xs¶ aWn{]hmf¯n cNn¡s¸«hbpamWv. Chsb IqSmsX Fgp¯Ñs\ ]cntim[n¡Ww F¶
e£yw ap¶neps­¦n Aev]Imew apt¶m«pÅ kmlnXy IrXnIfpw ]cntim[nt¡­Xp­v.
ChbpsSbpw IqSn ASnØm\¯n sshinI X{´¯n XpS§n Nt{µmÂkh¯n Ahkm\n¡p¶
KWnIm hÀW\ Imhy§Ä,]pcmtWXnlmk§fpsS ]p\cmhnjv¡cW¯neqsS kmwkv¡mcnI
t_m[w hfÀ¯pI F¶ e£yt¯msS cmambWw N¼phn {]mcw`w Ipdn¨ N¼qImhyþAhÀ¡v
hnZym`ymkhpw AXneqsS e`nt¡­ kmaqlnI {]Xn_²Xbpw Ipdªp.]m«v { ]Øm\¯n\v
`àntbmSpw BßobXtbmSpw Bbncp¶p ASp¸sa¦n aWn{]hmfw ]pcpjmÀ°§fnse aq¶mas¯
AhØbpsS Iq¯c§pIfmbn. C¯cw IrXnIÄ H¶mw InSbn s]Sm¯Xv skIv k v
]cmaÀiamIp¶XpsImt­m tZhZmkn {]IoÀ¯\w kapZmb¯nsâ A[: ]Xn¨ AhØsb
hyÚn¸n¡p¶p F¶XpsImt­m,thiyhr¯nsb A`nPmXamb sXmgnembn AZntj]n¡p¶p
F¶XpsImt­m AÃ, Xo{hamb Hcp BhnjvImc `mhyw CÃm¯XpsIm­mWv. F¶ eoemhXn
So¨À#psS \nco £Ww ChnsS ad¡p¶nà D®nb¨oNc nXw, D®nbmSnNcnXw ,
D®nNncptXhnNcnXw,sshinIX{´w, sNdnb¨n, aÃn\nemhv, D¯cmN{µnI
XpS§n FÃm IrXnIfpw t`mKmekcmbncp¶ D]cnhÀK¯ns\ Xr]vXn¸Sp¯nbncp¶ KWnIm
hÀW\IfmWv.{ItaW aWn{]hmf kmlnXy§Ä,
aWn{]hmf hntZybw
]mT tIjzhXnjvTtX
ew_in{]n]cnhmcm
alnfmfn almkv]Zm
F¶mbn XoÀ¶p. A¡mes¯ D]cnhÀKkapZmb¯nse IÀ½ \ncXcÃm¯ \À½]qcnXamb Hcp
hn`mK¯nsâ cN\Ifmhmw Chsb¶v A\pam\n¡p¶p.D®ns¸®p§fpsS ]SnImhÂ
A\pjvTn¨ncp¶ Ihn kaqlw Cu \m«n Hcp AXv`pX {]Xn`mkaÃ; km[mcW Zriyambncp¶ncn¡pw
F¶v eoemhXn \nco£n¡p¶p­v.
F¶m ]utcmlnXyhpw \mSphmgn¯hpw thmiymhr¯nbpw IqSn
t¨À¶p­mb kmlnXyw ]Xn\©mw \qäm­nsâ ]IpXn¡ptijw sXÃv sa¨s¸Sp¶Xmbn ImWmw.
CXn\v klmbn¨Xv a[yIme N¼pIfmWv.F¶m ]utcm-ln-Xyhpw \mSp-hmgn Bhpw thiym-hy¯nbw IqSn-tNÀ¶p-­mb kmlnXyw ]Xn-\©mw \qäm-­nsâ ]Ip-Xnbv¡p tijw sXÃv sa¨-s¸-Sp¶-Xmbn ImWmw CXn\v klm-bn-¨Xv B[y-Ime N¼p-I-fm-Wv. F¶m AhnsSbpw A`n-Pm-X-hÀ¤¯nsâ taev tImbva ImWmw `àn-bn-eqsS P\-§sf t_m[-hm³am-cm¡n amäm-\mWv a[y-Ime N¼IÄ {ian-¨Xp F¶m AXnse `mj F{X-t¯mfw km[m-c-W-¡mÀ DÄsIm-­n-cn¶n F¶Xp {i²nt¡­ Imcy-amWv. C§s\ £am-]-chpw kmap-lnI ]chpw Bbn A[ ][-\¯
- nsâ h¡n-em-bn-cn¶
Hcn Ime-L-«-¯n-em-Wv.
km\-µ-cq]w kI-e-{]-t_m[w
B\-µ-Km-\m-ayX ]mcn-PmXw
a\p-jy-]Xvtajp chn kzcq]w
{]W-\an Xps©-s¯-gp-am-cy-]mZw
F¶v PnhnX t_m[-¯nsâ Bß-k-¯-ambn tIc-fnb P\-Xbv¡v `mj-bp-sSbpw kwkvIm-c-¯nsâbpw Pnhn-X-t_m-[-¯nsâbpw kqcy-In-c-W-§sf {][m\w sN¿vXpsIm­v Xp©³ ]d-¼n Hcp
B²ym-ßn-Im-Nm-cy³ ]nd-hn-sIm­v Xp©-¯v#cm-am-\p-P³ Fgp-¯NvN³ F¶ BNm-cy³.
BNmcy³
F¶
{]Øm\hmlI³
FgpXn X¿mdm¡nbXv
Infn¸m«p {]Øm\w
IhnbpsS A`yÀ°\ am\n¨v Infn IY ]dbp¶ coXnbn FgpXs¸«ncn¡p¶
Imhy§sfbmWv Infn¸m«pIÄ F¶dnbs¸«ncn¡p¶Xv. `mjm]nXmhmb Fgp¯Ñsâ IrXnIÄ
Infn¸m«pIfmWv . imcnI ss]Xens\ hnfn¨phcp¯n `Kh¡YIÄ ]dbm\mhiys¸Sp¶
coXnbnepÅ cN\bmWnXv. Infn¸m«p{]Øm\w F¶ t]cnemWv CXdnbs¸Sp¶Xv.
A[ymXvacmambWw Infn¸m«nsâ Bcw`w.
{iocma\maw ]mSnh¶ ss]¦nfns¸t®
{iocmaNcnXw \o sNmÃnSp aSnbmsX
imcnIss¸XÂ Xm\pw hµn¨p
hµy·msc
{iocmakvXpXntbmsS
]dªpXpS§n\mÄ
alm`mcXw Infn¸m«nsâ Bcw`w
{ioabamb cq]w tXSpw ss]¦nfns¸s®
koabnÃmsXkpYw \evIWsa\n¡p\o
Cu coXnbn X¯sb sIm­p ]mSn¡p¶Xmbn«v Infn¸m«pfn ImWp¶Xv.
{]tXyIXIÄ
cmaNcnX¯n \n¶v Fgp¯Ñ\nse¯pt¼mÄ aebmf `mjbpsS hnImk
]cnWma§fn kwkvIrX¯nsâ kzm[o\w hyàambn ImWmhp¶XmWv. aWn{]hmf`mjbpw
]m«nsâ hr¯coXnbpw tNÀ¶ cN\mcoXn I®È·mcneps­¦nepw AXv Fgp¯Ñ\nse¯pt¼mÄ
Iqtd¡qSn hnIknXamIp¶p.AtXhcbpÅ ImhyKpW§fpsXsbÃmw ka{KX kt½fn¸n¡m³
Ignªp F¶XmWv Fgp¯Ñsâ {]tXyIX.
aebmf kmlnXy¯n k©cn¡p¶ klrZbÀ¡v AhnsS IfIqP\w sNbvXv A§pw
C§pw kzѵw X¯n]d¡p¶ BNmcyss]¦nfnsb ImWmhp¶XmWv. aebmfkmlnXy¯nse
{]uVamb Infn¸m«v {]Øm\¯n\v BWn¡Ãmb ss]¦nfn aX]chpw [mÀanIhpamb hnjb§sf
ssIImcyw sNbvX Cu imJbpsS ]nXm-hmtWm BNm-cy³? ]WvUn-X-·mcpw B ]nXr-Øm-\hpw
BNm-cy\v Iev]n¨p \ÂIp-¶p-­v.t- I-c-f-¯nsâ kmln-Xy-]-c-am-sbmcp tZiob k¼¯v F¶mWv Infn¸m-«ns\ Ipdn¨v sI.-F Fgp-¯-Ñsâ aXw.-I-fnbpw hnIr-Xnbpw thjw sI«epw aäpw ku`m-Kys¯
hÀ²n-¸n-¡p¶ _meys¯ Xosc Dt]-£n-¡p-¶X
- mWv Fgp-¯Ñ
- \
- p-ti-ja
- pÅ kmln-Xyw.-CX
- n\v `mjsb
ssI]n-Sn¨v \S-¯n-bXv Infn-¸m«v Xs¶-bm-Wv.C
- X
- nsâ hml-I³ BNm-cy-\p-am-Wv.-F-¶m BNm-cy³
{KÙ \nÀ½m-W-¯n\v Xp\n-ª-t¸m-tg¡pw AXn-\p-th­ kIe kma-{K-ln-Ifpw At±-l-¯nsâ ap¶nse¯n F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv icn-bmtWm? XoÀ¨-bmbpw AÃ, ]qÀÆ amXr-I-IÄ XoÀ¨-bmbpw Ds­¶p
kmcw.
ss]¦n-fnbpsS BK-as¯ Ipdn¨v ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡n-S-bn ]e-X-c-¯n-epÅ A`n-{]m-b-§Ä
BWp-Å-Xv.
AXn-em-Zy-t¯Xv, kc-kzXn tZhn-bpsS ssI¿nte X¯-sb-bmWv BNm-cy³ IY ]d-bm³ D]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶s
- X-¶pw,-C§
- s\ kc-kzXn tZhn-bpsS Infn Bbm hmb-\¡
- mÀ Ihn-Xb
- n tZjrsam¶pw
ImWp-I-bnsöv Dt±ihpw CXn\v ]n¶neps­¶mWv.Iq-SmsX X\n¡v ]pcmtWXn-lm-k-§Ä ]dbm³ A[n-Im-c-an-Ãm-¯XpsIm­v ]cn-lmc amÀtKW kckzXn lkvX-Øn-Xn-bmb ss]¦n-fnsb
D]tbmKn-¡p-¶psh¶pw Hcp hmZ-ap-­v.
F¶m Cu hmZ-§Ä icn-b-Ãmsb¶p {]Ya {ZjvSn-bn Xs¶
t_m[r-amIpw l\n-XmI {KWr\pw,]-ca`à-\-pamb BNm-cr³ Xsâ hmb-\¡
- mÀ apgp-h³ CXv Xsâ
Ihn-X-bsöpw Hcp ss]¦nfn-bpsSXmsW¶v Icp-X-¯¡ PV _p²n-I-fmsW¶v Icp-Xpsa¶v tXm¶p¶n-Ã. IqSmsX Xs¶ Xsâ IhnXm tZmj-§s
- f ad-¨psh¡m-\mbn P\-§-fpsS `àn `mhs¯ NqjWw
sN¿m\pw B ]cn-ip² kmln-Xr-hmZn Xm\m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.-C\n hmKv tZh-X-bmbv kckzXnbpsS ssI¿nse
X¯ AtZls¯ kzm[o\n-¨psh¦n CjvStZhXm kvXpXn-bn Hcp ]nip¡pw ImWn-¡m¯ BNmcr³ Hcn-Ss¯¦nepw Hcp kqN\ \ÂIpa-bn-cp-¶tÃm \nÀ`m-Ky-h-im A§s\ Hcp sXfnhpw e`y-a-
Ã.
2
BN-cy\v `K-hm³ ipI-cp-]-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸«v ]d-ª-I-Y -bpsS kv a c-WÀX-Y-amWv
ipIs¯sIm­ ]mSn-¨-sX-s¶mcp IY-bp-­v. CXv Hcp an¯m-b-Xn-\mepw aäv sXfnshms¶pw ImhrKm-{X-§-fn e`n-¡m-¯-Xn-\mepw CXpw BNm-cr³ Infnsbs¡m­v ]mSn-¡p-¶-Xn\p Hcp Dt]mev]-Iam-Ip-¶nÃ
Ihn¡v Adw ]äm-Xn-cn-¡m³ Adw ]äpI F¶Xv bpàn¡v \nc¡p¶XmsW¦nÂ
Xsâ {]hÀ¯n-bpsS ^ew Xm³ Xs¶ A\p-`-hnt¡­nbncns¡ AsXmcp Infn-bpsS Xe-bn Npa¯p-¶Xv A\r#batÃ. Fgp-¯NvOs\ t]msemcp `à³ AXn\p Xp\n-bpsa¶v tXm¶p-¶n-Ã.
ss]¦nfn I®n, ]cm-]c I®n F¶o Xangp hr¯-§Ä¡\pk-cn-¨mWv Infn-¸m-«nsâ \nÀamWw
tImhp®n s\Sp-§mSn Cu hkvXp-Xsb DZm-l-cW klnXw Xsâ tIcf IuapZn F¶
{K\Y¯n kaÀ°n-¡p-¶p-­v.-F-¶m CXns\ sI.-F³ Fgp-¯NvO³ JWvVn-¡p-¶p-ap­v (kmlnXr Ncn{Xw {]Øm-\-§-fn-eqsS þ Infn-¸m«`v
{ZipI alÀjn-bpsS kvac-WÀXYw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw AXn X\n-¡pÅ
Akm-aÀX-Ys¯ ImWn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw -th­n-bmWv At±lw kznI-cn-¨Xv.
Ch-sbÃmw Xs¶ bpàn-t`-Z-a-Ãm-¯Xpw th­{X sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ]n³_-e-an-Ãm-¯-hbp-am-Wv.
]ns¶ F´-\mWv BNm-cz³ Infnsb sIm­v Xs¶ ]mSn-¸n¨p. \hw \hw {]Xnc
tamlItcmXnF¶p alm-Ihn ame³ ]d-ªn-«p-ÅXv icn-bmWv temI¯n-s\-t¸mgpw ]pXp-a-bmWm-hizw. ]Wn-¡³am-cpsS ]g-b-sI«p ]mtSm sNdp-tÈ-cn-bpsS Cgª at«mDv]-Xn-jvWp-hmb Fgp¯N#vO\v A{X-c-kn-¨nà AXp-sIm­v At±lw A¶p-hsc ae-bm-f-¯n {]Nm-c-an-Ãm-bn-cn¶
Infn-¸m-s«¶ k{¼-Zmb¯ntebv¡v tNt¡\ F¶v h¶p-Iq-sS. Fgp-¯-Ñs\ t]mse Xs¶ \ncW¯m ]Wn-¡-·mÀ sNdptÈcn \¼q-Xncn Ie-¡¯p Ip©³ \¼ymÀ F¶n-h-scÃmw C§s\ kzX{´-amÀK-§Ä sh«n-sX-fn-¨-h-cm-Wv.-F-¶m ChÀ¡v Nn¶n-Nn-X-dn-¡n-S-¡p¶ ]qÀÆ amXr-I-IÄ D­mbn-cp¶p F¶Xv AhcpsS {]Øm-\§
- -epsS ]cn-]qÀWX Im«n-X-cp-¶p.-In-fn-¸m-«n\pw C§s\ ]qÀÆ-amXr-I-IÄ D­v . `mj-bn Xs¶ Nne ]£n-]m-«p-IÄ ,D-­m-bn-cp-¶p.-F.Un ]Xn-aq¶mw \qäm-­nse
IrXn-bmbn IW-¡m-¡-s¸-Sp¶ D®n-Nn-cp-tXhn Ncn-X-\-¯nÂ
IYn-Xm-Km-Y-bn-en-lbm ]qÀÆw
AhÄtaÂInfn-tb-a½
- -¡n-ssb-s¡­p
]ncm³ta-e-·m-ss\-¸m-«p-­m-¡n-t¨³
XpS-§nb {]kvXm-h-\-IÄ kpe-`-amWv AXp-sIm­v Xs¶ Infn-Zq-Xv,-In-fn-hn-Sp¯v F¶o Km\-k-{¼-Zmb-§Ä Xan-gn ImWp-¶p-­v.F
- .-Un. Ggmw \qäm-­n-\p-tijw ssihm-Nm-cy-·m-cmb \mb-\mÀ·m-cpsS
tXhm-c-¯nepw sshjvWh
- m-Nm-cy³am-cmb BÄhm³am-cpsS {]_-Ô-¯nepw Infn-S,l-wkw,h­v F¶nhsb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨v sIm­pfvf KoX-§Ä [mcmfw ImWmw.-Xn-cp-Úm\ kw_-Ôw(-F.-Un. Ggmw
\qäm-­v) tXhm-c-¯n Infnsb hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv,
Nnssd-bm-cp-am-¡n-fn-tb-bn-t¦m-hm,-tX-s\m-Sp-]mÂ
apssd-bmte DW-¯-cp-h³: sambv ]h-f-s¯mSp Xcfw
Xpssd-bm-cp-¦S- -tämWn ]pc-¯n-NâDw Ipan-fw.
]nssd-bm-f³ Xncp-\m-a-sa-\-s¡mcp
ImÀt]-Nmtb
F¶mWv.C-Xp-t]mse amWn¡ hmN-I-cpsS Xncp-hm-N-I-¯nepw (F.-Un. 9þmw \qäm-­v) \·m-gvam-cpsS
Xncp-hm-bv samgnbnep-sams¡ C§s\ Infnsb hnfn-¡p¶ k{¼-Zmbw ImWmw.-C-§s\ D­m-bn-cp¶
Cu k{¼-Zm-bs¯ `mj-bpsS emfn-Xy-¯n-\p-ZIpw hn[w ]cn-jv¡-cn¨v FSp-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p BNmcy³.-A-Xn-\m Infn-¸m«v {]Øm-\-¯nsâ D]-Úm-Xmhv F¶-Xn-s\-¡mÄ AXnsâ ]cn-jvIÀ¯mhv
F¶-Xm-hpw BNm-cy\v IqSp-XÂ tim`-\-am-hp-I.
`mj-bpsS ]nXm-sh-s¶mcp ]Zhn ]WvUn-X-·m-scÃmw Xs¶ BNm-cy\p NmÀ¯n-s¡m-Sp-¡p¶p-­v. Hcp `mjbv¡p C§s\ Hcp ]nXrXzw Iev]n-¡p-¶Xv icn-bmtWm ? Ncn-{X-]c
- -ambn H«pw icnbà F¶-XmWv hmkvX-hw.-F-¶m ]Z-¯nsâ hmNymÀ°-¯n-\-¸pdw [z\n-¡p¶ Bg-ta-dnb Hcm-i-bXew Cu `mjm-]n-Xmhv F¶ ]Z-¯n-\p-­v.
`mjm-km-lnXy Ncn-{X-Im-c-·m-cmb tKmhn-µ-]n-Å-bp-sS-bpw, ]n i¦-c³ \¼ymcp-sSbpw ]£w ]nSn-¨m a[ym-a-eb
- mf Ime-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n-emWv cma-N-cnXw cma-I-Y-¸m«v F¶o
{KÙ-§-fpsS BhnÀ`m-hhpw ]Wn-¡³·m-cpsS `KhXvKoX, inh-cm{Xn amlmßyw XpS-§nb IrXn-I-
fpsS ]ndhn Ch-bpsS A´y-Im-e-L-«¯
- n-em-sW¶pw a\-kn-em-¡mw.
Im\-\-¦f
- n-e-c³ Ifn-dp-ambv Icn-Wn-bmbv
ImÀs\-Sp-¦-®pa X½n hnf-bmSn \Sâ
âm\\w hSn-hp-Åm-\-h-Sn-hmb hX-cnþ
¯m\ntb ! \Ã hn\m-b-I-s\-t·m-c-et\m !
Rm\n-sXm³p Xp\n-bnâp-Xn-s\³ am\-X-sa¶pw
\mf-XmÀX-¶n \nc-´-c-an-cp-¶-cpÄsXfn
´q\-a-ä-dn-sh-\¡p h¶-Xn-¡pw h®ta
Dugn-tb-gnepw \nssd´ ad-Rm\ s]mcptf
( cma-N-cnXw ) AÀ¡ÀIpew thc-dp-¡-th-W-saâ acÀIfpw
Asse-¡-S-en sNâp-ap-d-bn-«Xpw
Bgn-hÀ®-\-W-cp-fn-s¨-bvXXpw
ap\n-h-csâ tlma-IWvUw X¶n \n¶p
Znhy-\m-bI
- -\p-Zbw sNbvXXpw
Zi-c-Y³ aIngv¯p hm§n-s¡m-­Xpw
sIm­p-S³ X³ `mcy-amÀ¡p-]m-bkw
sImSp-¯Xpw
( cma-I-Ym-¸m«v )
ap\n-shm-S-l-¦m-cm-Zn-I-sfÃmw
apä-hn-Nmcw sIm­p-I-ftª
I\n-shmSp ia-Z-a-k-t´m-jm-Zn-IÄ
Ibvs¡m-­m-cW Xev]-c-cmtb
A\p-]-a-cm-Inb `qK-tZ-h-·m-c-htc
a a ssZh-X-sa-¶mÂ
a\-kn-\n-\-¨Xp sNbvXp apSnbv¡mw
ad-b-h-c-cp-fm-en-¶n-\n-sb-Ãmw.
( I®-ic
- m-am-bWw )
ta¡m-Wn-¨-h-bn cma-N-cn-X-¯n `mjm an¡-hmdpw Xan-gm-sW¶p Xs¶ ]d-bmw. ChnsS \n¶v
I®-i³am-cn-te¡v F¯p-t¼mÄ `mjm kw_-Ô-ambn henb hyXym-k-§Ä ImWp-¶p-s­-¦nepw
]Wn-¡³·m-cpsS IrXn-I-tfmsS `mj B[p-\n-Ia
- mbn Ignªp F¶v ]d-bm³ Ah-bnte `mjm kzcq]w
A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶n-Ã.-]ns¶ a[y-a-e-bmf Ime-¯n-te-sX¶p ]d-b-¯-¡-Xmbn {]uV-{K-Ù-§-fm-Wv.D
- ®p
\oen ktµiw Fs¶mcp kmln-Xy-{K-Ùhpw eoem-Xn-eI sas¶mcp imkv{X {KÙhpw .C-h-bnse
`mjm-co-Xnbpw B[p-\nI ae-bm-f-¯n \n¶v hfsc AI¶p \n¡p-¶p.
eoem-Xn-e-I-¯n-Â DZm-l-c-¯n-\mbn sImSp-¯n-«pÅ ]Zy-§fpw Cu `mjm-co-Xn-bnÂ
\n¶pw H«pw hyXym-k-s¸-«h
- -b-Ã.
]pÂIn-s¡m-­m-fp-d-s¡-¸p-\-c-]n-a-Wn-hmþ
\ÂIn-\mÄ sasà sasÃþ
¡ma-Iq-¯n-\-¯n-ªmÄ aZ-\]
- c
- -him
Im´-ssI-sa-bva-d-¶mÄ
hoÀ¯m-sfms« hnbÀ¯m hnh-i-a-cmª
sbs¶ hnsb-¶n-c¶m
sf·mÀhnÂt¸m¶p hn®-l-cn-¡p-g-eI
- ta
amgvIn-\m-fq-®n-\§
(eo-em-Xn-eIw D¯-a-{]-hmf DZm-l-c-Ww)
C§s\ t\m¡m-bm a[y-Ime ae-bmf `mjm-co-Xnbv¡v C¶s¯ coXn-bp-ambn KWy-amb hyXymkw
ZÀin-¡mw.
B[p-\nI ae-bm-f-¯nsâ Bcw` Zi-bn BhnÀ`-hn¨ c­p alm-I-hnI-fmWv sNdp-tÈ-cnbpw BNm-cy\pw Ch-cn sNdp-tÈcnbpsS IrjvW-KmY tIcf kmlnXy teI¯n\v e`n¨ Hc-\ÀL cXv\w Xs¶-bm-Wv. CXnse `mjm-coXn a[y-a-eb
- mf coXn-bn \n¶p hfsc
hyXym-k-s¸«pw B[p-\nI ae-bm-f-t¯mSv hfsc tNÀ¶pw \n¡p-¶p.-F-¦nepw CXn kmÀÆ-{Xn-Iambn ]g-b-ssi-en-Ifpw Ip©³.,A-¦n,\®n, F¶p XpS§n ep]vX {]Nm-c-§-fmb {]mNo-\-]-Z-§Ä
kpe-`-ambn ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.F
- -¶m BNm-cysâ `mj-bv¡mWv B[p-\nI ae-bm-f-¯nsâ amXrI
ZqX-ambn¯ocm `mKyap­m-b-Xv.-B-Nm-cy-\p-tijw ae-bmf `mjm kmlnXy ]cn-W-a-§Ä ]eXpw
DÄs¡m-s­-¦nepw C¶pw kÀÆ-k-½-Xhpw {]tb-K-£-ahpw,am-XrIm`qX-hp-am-bn-«p-ÅXv BNm-cysâ
`mj-Xs
- ¶-bm-Wv. At±-l¯
- nsâ Ime¯p N¼q-Im-c³am-cpsS kwkvIrX {]Nm-ca
- m-sbmcp `mjm coXnbpw
, Xan-gn-tebv¡p Nmªp-\n-s¶mcp `mjm-co-Xnbpw {]Nm-c-¯n-ep-­m-bn-cp-¶p.-F-¶m BNm-cy³ CXnÂ
\ns¶Ãmw DuÀPw DÄsIm­v AtX Ahkc¯n Xs¶ H¶ns\bpw ]qÀWambn kzoIcn¡msXbpw
Dt]£n¡msXbpw F¶m hfsc {]tbmáKhpw, tIcfobcqsS A`ncpNn¡\pkcn¨Xpamb Hcp
]pXnb coXn BhnjvIcn¡pIbmbncp¶p.
{InkvXphÀjw ]Xnaq¶mw\qäm­n\ptijw aebmf `mjbnÂ
Nne hne£W k{¼Zmb§Ä IS¶p IqSn. kwkvIrX{]IrXnItfmSpIqSn {ZmhnU {]Xybw tNÀ¯v
km[mcW D]tbmKn¡p¶Xp t]mse {ZmhnU {]IrXnItfmS kwkvIrX {]Xybw tNÀ¯pw
D]tbmKn¡msa¶v h¶p. eoemXneI¯n Cu k{¼Zmbs¯ k½Xn¨p sIm­ v (tkbw
`mjmIÀ½nW kwkvIrX {InbtX {]Xyb `mtK kmam\y hyhlmtc ss\hw) kµÀt` kwkvIrXn
IrXmN F¶ kq{XapÅXpsIm­pw D®p\oenktµiw XpS§nb D¯a kmlnXy {KÙ§fnÂ
C¯cw {]tbmK§Ä ImWp¶Xn\mepw Cu coXnbv¡v A¶v hfsc {]Nmcap­mbncp¶Xmbn IcpXmw.
a­¯n]mØ\nhlm ]Sn_Ôt]Sym Xm¸q«b´nXIcm I\sImbvX tijwF¶n§s\bpÅ hnIe
cq]§Ä A¡me kmlnXy¯n kpe`amWv.
`mjmkwkvIrXtbmtKm aWn{]hmfw F¶ eoemXneI
kq{XJym\¯n \n¶v C¶s¯ amXncn {ZmhnU {]Xyb§tfmSv tNÀ¶ kwkvIrX ]Z§fpw shdpw
aebmf ]Z§fpw X½n tNÀ¶p­mIp¶ `mj aWn{]hmfa mIbnöpw, kwkvIrX
{]Xybm´§fmb ]Z§fpw aebmf ]Z§fpw IqSn tNcp¶ `mjsb aWn{]hmfambncp¶pÅpsh¶pw
a\Ênem¡m³ km[n¡p¶p­v . Fgp¯Ñ³ Cu c­p coXnbpw {]mtbmKnIhpw, aebmf
ssienbv¡\ptbmPyhpamsW¶v XoÀ¨s¸Sp¯n D]tbmKn¡pIbpw ]cnjvIrXhpw Imcy£ahpamb
Hcp ]pXnb coXn GÀs¸Sp¯pIbpw sNbvXp.
]pXnb Hc£came \nÀ½n¨XmWv `mjm kw_Ôambn At±lw sNbvX
asämc p ]cnjvI mcw BNmc ysâ Ime¯v aebm fw Xangn \n¶v h fsc AI¶ v
]cnjvI rXmhØbnse¯nbncp¶psh¦nepw A£came A¶s¯ `mjmbm¡pth­nSt¯mfw
]cym]vXambncp¶nÃ. cmaIYm¸m«nepw ]Wn¡·mcpsS IrXnIfnepw aäpw Nne khntijXIÄ
Nq­nIm«msa¦nepw Ahbpw ]qÀ®ambn ]cnjvIrXambncp¶nÃ. Xang£c§fn \n¶v A[nIw
hyXymkanÃm¯ hs«gp¯v, tImsegp¯v F¶o Fgp¯v coXnbmWv A¶v D­mbncp¶Xv. AXnJcw
arZr, tLmj§Ä kwkvIrX¯n [mcmfambn ImWpIbpw AXns\ ]cn`mjs¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ, AXn\p
aXnbmsbmcp A£came `mjbv¡p ]cym]vXhpwambncp¶nÃ. Cu ZqchØbpsS ]cnlmc¯n\mbn
Fgp¯Ñ³ kwkv I rXm£c amesb apgph\mbn kzoIcn¡pIbpw Ah FgpXphm³ A¶p
\S¸p­mbncp¶ en]nIsf ]cnjvIcn¨v Hcp ]pXnbXcw en]nIÄ GÀs¸Sp¯pIbpw sNbvXp. \man¶pw
FgpXp¶Xv B en]n Xs¶bmWv.
Chsb IqSmsX {ZmhnU hr¯-§-fpsS ]cp-h-s¸-Sp¯n Infn-¸m-s«-¶mcp
{]Øm-\s¯ ]cn-jvI-cn-¡p-Ibpw hnhÀ¯\ coXn-bn ImWn¨ P{KXm Im´w t¸mse kc-k-ambn
D]-tZiw sN¿p¶ Imhy-§-fnse `àn am[qcyw XpS-§nb kwK-Xv\-IÄ sIm­mWv BNmcys\ B[p\nI ae-bm-f-`mjm kmlnXy ]nXm-sh¶v hnfn-¡p-¶Xv AÃmsX `mjsb krjvSn¨p F¶ AÀ°-¯ne-Ã .
Fgp-¯-Ñsâ A²ymß cmam-bWw
PmXn ]nim-Nnsâ Iq¯-c-§mbn amdn-bn-cp¶ Ime-¯n \n¶p-sIm­v
tIc-f-¯nse P\-Po-hn-Xs¯ ImÀ¶p Xn¶p-sIm­ncp¶ AXn-s\-Xnsc Fgp-¯-ѳ Xsâ IrXn-IÄ
sIm­v Bª-Sn-¨p. AXn {][m-\-s¸-«-XmWv A²ymß cmam-bWw Inf-¸m-«v. kwkvIrX hnZym-`ymk-¯n-sâbpw Ip¯I {_mÒ-WÀ¡p am{X-am-sW¶pw iq{ZÀ¡p A£-cm-`ymkw ]mSn-söpw DÅ
[mc-W-IÄ hniz-kn-¨n-cp¶ taem-Åsc Fgp-¯-ѳ `wKn-bmbn hnaÀin-¨p. iq{Z-Pm-Xn-bn ]nd¶ Xm³
`qanbnse t_m[lo\³½m-cpsS Adn-hn-\mbn \mep-thZ§Ä¡pw Xpey-amb {iocm-am-bWw ]d-bp-hm³
t]Ip-¶p. AXn-\mbn FÃm hnZy-Ifpw a\-kn sXfnªp hcWw F¶p {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶-Xv. cmam-b-W¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n Xs¶ ImWm³ km[n-¡p-¶p. iq{Z\v A£-c-`ymkw ]mSnà F¶ \nb-as¯
Fgp-¯-ѳ ewLn-¡p-¶-Xmbn ImWm³ km[n-¡pw. At±-l-¯nsâ lcn-\m-a-IoÀ¯nÂ
EXp-hmb s]®n-\p-an-c-¸\pw Zml-I\pw
]cn-X¶p aán-bP
- \w sNbvX-`q-kp-c\pw
lcn-\m-a-IoÀ¯-\a
- n-sXmcp \mfp-amÀ¡-apS
\cp-Xm-¯-XÃ lcn-\m-cm-b-Wm-b-Xa
`K-hms\ tkhn-¡pI F¶Xv NWvUm-f-s\-t¶m ]m]n-sb-t¶m `mkq-c-s\-t¶m AÚm\n-IÄs¡t¶m t`Z-an-ÃmsX BÀ¡pw Ft¸mgpw BIm-sa¶pw {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p.
DbÀ¶ PmXn-bn P\n-¨-Xp-sIm­v tbmKy\pw Xmgv¶ PmXn-bn P\n-¨-Xp-sIm­v
AtbmKy\pw BIp-¶nà F¶mWv Fgp-¯Ñ
- sâ A`n-{]m-bw. bp²-Im-WvU-¯nse hn`o-£-Wsâ icW-K-Xn-bn kp{Ko-h-t\mSv l\p-am³ ]d-bp-¶Xv AXn\p sXfn-hm-Wv.
\à-©-cm-\y-c-¯n-¦Â P\n-¨-hÀ
i{Xp-¡-tf-h-cp-sa¶p h¶o-Sp-tam
\Ã-h-cp-­m-a-h-cn-ep-sa-¶p-Åþ
sXÃ-hcpw \ncq-]n-¨p-sIm-Å-Wta
PmXn-\m-am-Zn-IÄ¡Ã KpW-K-Wþ
t`Z-sa-¶t{X _p[-am-cpsS aXw.
hn`o-j-W³ D¯-a-\m-sW¶pw
i{Xp-hw-i-¯n P\n-¨-h-cm-b-Xp-sIm­v FÃm-hcpw i{Xp-¡-f-söpw Ah-cpsS CS-bn \Ã-h-cp-s­¶p-amWv l\p-am³ ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
{io cma-\p-th­n e¦m-]p-cn-bnse ]S-¡-f-¯n ac-Ws¯ shÃp-hn-fn-¨Xv ]qWq-en-« {_mÒ-W-·m-cmbn-cp-¶n-Ã.-Xm-W-hm-\-c-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p.-h-\bm{X ka-b¯v Kpls\ Benw-K\w sNbvX {io cma\v Abn¯sam¶p-ap-­m-bn-Ã.-cm-am-b-Wm-cw-`-¯nÂ
A[ym-ß-I-{]-Zo-]-I-a-Xy´w cl-ky-anþ
X[ym-ßm-cm-a-bWw arXyp-im-k-\-t{làw
A[y-\bw sNbvXoSpw aÀXy-P-·n-IÄs¡Ãmw
apàn kn²n¡p ak-µn-Kv²-ao-Ö·wsImt­
F¶ {]Øm-h -\-b n-eqsS Fgp-¯ -Ñ ³ Bß-hn-Zy-bn-eqsS km[m-c W P\-X-bpsS kmaq-ln-Ihpw
kmwkv¡m-cn-I-hp-amb D¶-a-\¯
- n\p Dd¸p \ÂIp-¶p-­v.
#v
BNmcysâ hnhÀ¯\w
FgpXn X¿mdm¡nbXv
Iqw`kl{kw Pew sNcnªoSn\mÀ
Ipw`-IÀ® {ihWm-´tc ]ns¶bpw
Ipw`n-h-c-·m-scs¡m­p \mkmc{Ôþ
kw`q-Xt- cmaw ]nSn¨p hen-¸n¨pw
Xp¼n-¡-c-a-ä-e-dn.bpam-\-IÄ
Pw`m-cn-ss#-h-cnbv¡p I¼-antÃXpta
Prw`m-k-am-cw-`-tamSpW˦nXp
kw{-`ant¨mSn\m\m-ic hoc-cpw.
þcm-a-bWw XÀÖ-a.
Cu DZm-l-W-¯n Fgp-¯-ѳ ImWn-¨n-«pÅ kzmX-{´w ckm-l-am-bn«pÅ XmWv BPm-\_m
lphmb Balm cm£-ks\ DWÀ¯p-t¶-S¯p bmsX#mcp hn¹-hhpw IqSmsX bXv\x hnt_m²r
F¶pw
am{Xw ]d-ªp-\nÀ¯nb aqe-{KÙIm-csâ at\#m-²À½w klr-Z-b-t{Kkcm-\mb {]kvXpX Ihnsb
A{X
ckn-¸n-¨n-Ã. AhnsS At±lw Xsâ kzX-Ên-²-amb ckn-I¯w {]I-Sn-¸n¨p Ihn-X¡p ssNX\rw hcp¯n.
DZm-l-cn¨p ImWn¨ hcn-I-fn At±lw F{X am{Xw tIm-em-lew Iq«n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]mse¯s¶
At±-l-¯nsâ \nco-£Ww th­-S-s¯Ãmw th­-t]mse Xs¶ F¯o-«p-­v.
t\m-¡pI.
Ae-in-J-I-fp-a-\n-e-kp-Xl
- r-Z-bhpw sXfnþ
ªml´ hnjvWp-]Zw Kan¨q XZm
hn_p[]Xn-sbmSp \nin-N-cm-ebw
shs´mcp
hr¯m-´-sa-Ãm-a-dn-bn-¨p-sIm-Åp-hm³
Al-a-lanIm-[nbm ]mh-I-Pzm-eI
- þ
fw_-c-t¯m-f-ap-bc
- p-¶p-sN¶q apZm
cmam-bWw Infn-¸m«v
Cu `mKw aqe-¯n-en-Ãm-¯-XmWv
DÂ]vfptX-zmÂ]vfpXz
kwZo-]vX-]p-tÑ\ al-Xm-I-]n.
Zml-e-¦m-a-Jnemw F¶p a{Xw ]d-ª-h-km-\n-¸n-¡-bmWv aqe-Im-c³ sN¿p-¶-Xv. F¶mÂ
\½psS alm-Ihn AXp-sIm­v Xr]vXn-s¸Sp¶n-Ã. At²lw Xsâ IhnXm Iman-\nsb Ia-\o-b-amb
Ae-¦m-c-a-Wn-bn-¡p-hm³ In«nb Hscm¶m-´cw kµÀ`s¯ shdpsX If-hm³ Xbm-d-Ã. tZ
th{µ³ cmh-Wsâ i{Xp-hm-Wt- Ãm. A\-e³ tZth{µsâ_Ôp-hp-am-Wv. Cu ØnXn¡v Ake³ sN¿p¶
{]kvXpX IrXz#w Adn-bp-¶-Xn C{µ\pw Adn-bn-¡p-Xn A\-e\pw hfþ
sc kt´mj¯n\p hI-bp-­v. CsXÃmw IqSn-bm-tem-Nn-¨m am{Xta aqe-{K-Ù-Im-cs\ hn«v At±lw
kzX-{´ambn-s¨bvX Cu DÂt{]-£-bp-sS kmckrw apgp-h\pw shfn-s¸-Sp-I-bp-.
aqe-{K-Ù-Im-csâ ]e \z#q\-X-I-tfbpw At±lw kq£va-_p-²r#m a\-kn-em-¡p-I-bpw,X
sâ {KÙ-¯n Ah kw{Ian¡m-Xn-cn-¸m³ Ign-bp-¶Xpw {i²n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p­v Hcp
DZm-l-cWw ImWn-¡mw.
At{K bmkzm-azlw ]Ýmþ
¯za-t\zln [\pÀ²cx
Bh-tbmÀ½²zKm koXm
amtb-hmß ]cm-ß-t\mx
cmam-bWw aqew
ap¶n \o \S-t¡Ww hgntb
KX-`bw
Pohmßm ]c-am-ßm-¡Ä¡p
a²rØbmIpw
tZhnbmw alm-ambm
iànsb¶Xp t]mse
cmabWw Infn¸m«vN
CXn At{K-bm-kzm-arlw F¶-Xn\v ap¶n \o \S-t¡Wsas¶-gp¯Ñ³ XÀÖa sNbvXp t]msb¶pw AXv At±- l - ¯ n\p ]änb A_- ² - a m- W ¶pw ]ecpw ]d- b p- ¶ Xp tI«n- « p- ­ v . CX{X
BtemN\m]qÀÆw ]pd-s¸-So-¨n-«pÅ A`n-{]m-ba
- m-sW¶p tX#m-¶p-¶n-Ã.
Pohm-ßm-]-am-ßm-¡Ä a²r-¯nÂ
amb-sb-¶-t]mse Rm³ ap_nepw \o
]n¶nepw \ap¡p c­mÄ¡pw a²r-¯nÂ
koXbpw \S-¡s« F¶p ]d-ªmÂ
apd¡ {icmasâ {]Xn-_nw_w Pohm-ßm-hmbpw e£va-W-tâXp ]c-am-ßm-hp-am-bm-Wm-sÃm I
emin-¡p-I. Cu HuNn-Xr-`wK I­Xp Xs¶-bm-sW-gp-¯-ѳ ap³¼n \o \S-¡W sas¶-gp-Xn-bsX¶p \nÊw-ibw ]d-bm-hp-¶-XmWv C§s\ kq£va-ambn ]cn-ti#m-[n-¨m At±-l-¯nsâ Ih-\em-km-aÀ°r-¯nsâ ]e e£-§fpw Im¬am³ km[n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.
hnhÀ¯\ {KÙ-§Ä¡p {]mtbW I­p-h-cm-dpÅ ip,-jvIX At±-l-¯nsâ Ihn-Xb
- n Hcn¡-epw-I-Wp-I-bn-Ã. km[m-cW XÀÖ-a-¡mÀ¡v Bi-b-{]-Im-i\ kwcw-`w-sI#m­v cN\ ]mIw
apX-emb Imcr-§-fn {i²n¡m³ Atijw km[n-¡m-dnà CXmWv Bi-b-§-fp-s­-¦nepw Ch-cpsS
Ihn-XcoXn-tI-hew ipjvIa
- mbn tX#m-¶p-¶X
- n-\pÅ {][m-\I
- m-c-Ww. kzX-{´ XÀÖ-aI
- Ä kzX-{´IrXnI-tf-t¸m-em-¡p-hm³, hI-Xn-cn-hpÅ Hcp XÀÖ-a-¡m-c\p Ignbpw CXn\v Fgp-¯-Ñsâ Ihn-X-IÄ an¡hmdpw DZm-l-cn-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv t\m-¡pI..
hniz-tam-ln-\n-bm-tb#m-c-l-ezm-cq]w I­p
ZpÝz-h -\\pw
Ipkp-am-bp-[-h-i-\m-bm³
sNs´m­n hmbva-ecpw, ]s´m¡pw aqe-I-fpw,
N´-ta-dnSpw XpS-¡m¼p amkz-Zn-¸-Xnþ
s\s´mcp Ign-sh¶p Nn´n¨p iX-a-J³
sN´mÀ _mWmÀ¯nsIm­p
k´m]w apgp-¡-bmÂ
k´Xw a\-¡m-¼oÂ
kpµ-c-{Km-{Xo-cq]w
Nn´n¨p Nn´n-¨\wKmÔ-\mbv h¶m-\t- Ãm
aµlmkhpw ]q­p cmLh\Xp tI«p
aµw aµw t]mbv sN¶p \n¶p I­nXp Nm]w,
Pzen tXPtÊ#mSp saSp¯p thKt¯msS
Ipe¨p hen¨pS³ apddn¨p PnX{iaw.
\n¶cpfp¶t\tc aotcgpte#mI§fpþ
sa#m¶p amsä#mens¡m­ hnkvabs¸«q P\w
]m«pam«hpw Iq¯pw ]pjv]hrjvSnbptamtcm
Iq«ta hmZz§fpw awKekvXpXnIfpw
tZhIfms¡¸cam\µw ]q­p tZhþ
tZes\tÊhnbv¡bpa]vkc kv{XoIsfÃmw
DQmlw ssIs¡m­p hp{i{ic\psS hnhmþ
tlmQhmcw`tLmjw sIm­p IuXpIw ]q­mÀ
CSnsh«nSpw h®w hnÂapdnªm¨tI«p \Sp§o
cmPm·mcpcK§sft]mse
ssaYnen abnÂt¸S t]mse
kt´#mjw ]q­mÄ
sIuXpIap­mbz¶p tNXkn IuinI\pw
ssaYnenXs¶¸cnNmcnIamcpw \nPþ
amXm¡·mcpw IoSn
\¶mbn¨abn¨mÀ.
kzÀ®hÀ®s¯¸q­ ssaYnen at\mlcn
kzÀ®`qjW§fpaWnªp tim`tbmsS
kzÀ®amebpw [cn¨mZcm aµw aµþ
aÀt®#mPt\{Xap³¼n³kcq]w hn\oXbmbv
h¶pS³t\{Xm¸e amebpan«mÄ, aps¶
]n¶mse hcWmÀ°amebpan«oSn\mÄ
amebpw [cn¨p \oteme]e Im´#n tXSpw
_meI³ {iocma\p taähpw hnf§n\m³
þA²zmß cmambWw.
hmev a oIn cmabW¯n BZnIhn Xsâ \mbIs\
amXrIm]pcpj\mbn«mWv AhXcn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. B \nebn\ Xs¶bmWv P\§Ä cmas\
Icph¶ncp¶Xpw F¶m Fgp¯Ñsâ {iocma³ AhXmc]pcpj\mWv km£m `Khm\mbn«mWv
BNmcz³ cmas\ AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv. `àntbmSpÅ Hcp elcn ImcWamWv BNmczsâ cma³
AhXmc ]pcpi\mbn amdnbXv Hcp AXmc ]pcpj\mbn cmas\ AhXcn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xn\mÂ
Ft¸msgms¡bmtWm `Khms\ kv X pXn¡m³ Ahkcw In«p¶Xv , At¸msgÃmw Xs¶
]czmbhntijW§Ä sIm­v `Khms\ `à\mb BNmcz³ AÀ¨n¡p¶Xp ImWm³ km[n¡pw.
{]mcw `w apXÂ bp² IÞw hsc Ihn C§s\ sN¿p¶Xp ImWw. Dam atlizc
kwhmZ¯nembn«mWv cmambW IY AhXcn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. BbXpsIm­v almtZhs\bpw
almtZhntbbpw Ihn hninjvS hntijW§Ä tNÀ¯mWv AhXcn¸¨ncn¡p¶Xv.
kÀÆmßmhmb \mY, ]ctaizc, t]män
kÀÆtemImhmk kÀtÆizc atlizcm
KÀÆi¦c icWmKXP\{]nb
kÀÆtZthi PK¶mbI ImcpWzm_vt[
F¶p inhs\bpw [t\y hÃt` KncnIt\y ]mÀÆXn `t{Z F¶p ]mÆXnsbbpw \mamÀ¨\ sN¿p¶Xv
ImWm³ km[n¡pw .
BNmczsâ cmambWw aqe{KÙamb A²zmß cmambW¯nsâtbm ]Zm\p]Z
hnhÀ¯\aÃ.
ape{KÙs¯ ASnØm\am¡n h¨psIm­v XtâXmb coXnb Nne Bib§Ä
Iq«nt ¨À¯psIm ­mWv BNmcz³ A ²zmßcma mbWw In fn¸m«v cN n¨n¡p¶Xv.
Atbm²zmImÞ¯n \mcZ³ cmas\ kµÀin¨v At±l¯nsâ P\\ ImcWw ]dbp¶Xpw cma³
Im«nte¡p t]mIm³ {]XnÚ sN¿p¶Xpw BNmcz³ Iq«nt¨À¯XmWv . cma\maw P]n¨v
cma`mX\mbn XoÀ¶ BZn Ihn hmevaoInbpsS IY hmevaoIn cmambW¯nenÃ. hknjvw³ `àt\mSp
]dbp¶ cmasâ AhXmc alXzhpw,ssItIbn Im«n h¨v cmat\Sp am¸p tNmZn¡p¶Xpw
aqe{KÙ¯nenÃ. koXsb Aánbn ad¨p \nÀ¯p¶Xpw amb koYsbs¡m­v IY \S¯n¡p¶Xpw
\qX\ Iev ] \bmWv cmhW h[¯n\p tijw koXsb hos­Sp¡p¶ IYbv ¡ v IqSpXÂ
bpànbp¬m¡m³ Ihn sNbvX X{´amWv. kzbw {]` cmas\ kµÀin¡p¶Xpw cmamÚb\pkcn¨v
AhÀ _Zcoh\¯nte¡p t]mIp¶Xpw Fgp¯Ñsâ Iev]\fmWv. AtimIh\nIbn l\pam³
koXsb I­p ap«p¶Xpw Imet\anbpsS IYbpw cmhWsâtl#mahpw hm\c·mÀ atÞ[cnsb
D]{Zhn¡p¶Xpw cmam`ntjIm\´cw l\pam³ lnameb¯n X]kp sN¿m³ t]#mIp¶Xpw
hmevaoInbpsScmambW¯n ImWm³ km[n¡p¶nÃ. CsXÃmw A²zmß cmambW¯n\p _ew
Iq«m³ th­n Ihn \S¯p¶ X{´§fmWv.
A²zmßcmambWw aqe¯nse tÇmI§sf Fgp¯Ñ³ Cuc-Sn-I-fm-bn-«mWv Fgp-Xo-«p-ÅXv.
aqe-{K-Ù-¯nse KptWm-¯-c-amb `mK-§Ä hn«p-I-fm-sXbpw ipjvI-§-fmb Bi-b§
- Ä Dt]-£n¨pw
Bi-b-§sf Npcp-¡m-\p-Å-S¯v Npcp-¡nbpw hnI-kn-¸n-¡m-\p-Ån-S¯v hnI-kp-¸n¨pw `àp¡v Ipdhv
hcp-¯m-sX-bp-amWv BNm-cy³ A²ym-ß-cm-am-bWw Fgp-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hmevaoIn cmam-bWw t`mP
N¼p cma-N-cnXwI®-È-cm-am-bWw apX-emb ]qÀÆ IyXn-Isf D]-Pn-hn¨p0 kµÀ`-a-\p-k-cn¨v hocw
IcpWw iywKmcw lmkyw apX-emb ck-§¡v {]Xm\yw \ÂIn-bp-apÅ Hcp kzX{´ ImhyamWv B
alm-ßmhv cNn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶v DÅqÀ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
CXc Ihn-IfpsS Bi-b-§Ä kzoI-cn¨pw kzIr-Xnsb `wKn ]nSn-¸n-¡m³
BNm-cy\p Ign-ªn-«p-­v. _me ImWvU-¯nse koXm kzbw-h-c-¯n-se,
CSn-sh-«o-Spw-h®w hnÂap-dn-sªm¨ tI«q
\Sp-§o-cm-P-¡-·m-cp-c-K-§-sf-t¸mse
ssaYneo abnÂt¸S t]mse kt´jw ]q­mÄ
F¶ hcn-IÄ aqe-{K-Ù-¯n-en-Ã.
\c-]m-eI
- ³ Nne-c-Xn\p hnd-¨mÀ
\e-ap-S-Pm-\In kt´mjn¨mÄ
Ac-hm-Zn-IÄ `b-ao-Sp-an-Sn-²z-\n-bmÂ
abn-em-\-µn-¸-Xp-t]mse
F¶ I®-È-cm-ambW-¯nse Bi-ba
- mWv BNm-cy³ kzoI-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXp-t]mse
Nne-bn-sX-Sp-¡mbv hcn-In-en-Xmta? sNbvXp-sN-Ãp-Iþ
sb¶-Xp-tIt« \e-ap\n hnizm-an-{X³
þ I®-Èc
- m-am-bWw
F¶-X ns\
hnsÃ-Sp-¡m-tam? Ipe-¨o-Sm-tam? hen-¡mtam?
sNÃp-I-sb-¶Xp tI«p sNÃn-\m³ hnizm-an-{X³
F¶Xpw ]mem-gn-bn tZh-·m-tc-sSm¸w t]mb {_Òmhv hnjvWp-hn-t\mSp ]d-bp¶
Adnbmw Xh-]p-\-c-Jn-e-hp-sa-¦n-ep-a-dn-bn-t¸manX-\p-PvR-bn-\mte
Bcm-s\-dn-th-dm-Ipe amtb-bJ
- n-e-P-K-¯p-a-gn-ª-Xp-ImWm
F¶-X ns\
\n´n-cp-h-Sn-Xn-cp-hp-Å-¯n-temdmsX-Iþ
s­s´mcp hkvXp temI¯n-¦e
- p-Å-Xp-t]mäo
F¦n-ep-ap-WÀ¯n¡mw aq¶p temI-¯n-¦epw
k¦Sw apgp-¯ncn ¡p¶-Xo-Imemw \mY
F¶-Xp-sams¡ Fgp-¯Ñ
- ³ I®-Ès\ ]n³Xp-SÀ¶mWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. F¶-Xn\v bmsXmcp kwib-hp-an-Ã.
cma-bmW IY kwt£-]n¨p ]dªp sImSp¯Xp aXn-bm-bnà F¶pw cmam-bW
IY hnkvX-cn¨v Acp-tf-W-sa¶pw ]mÀÆXn inh-t\mSp ]d-bp¶ `mK-¯v.
InwI-W³amÀ¡p hnZy-bp-­m-I-bn-Ã-tÃm
InwI-W-·m-cm-bp-tÅmÀ¡À°-hp-ap-­mbv hcm
Inap-W-·mÀ¡p \nXy kuJy-hp-ap-­mbv hcm
InwtZ-h-·mÀ¡p KXnbpw ]p\-cXp t]mse
F¶ _me ImWvU-¯nse hcn-IÄ hmevaoIn cmam-b-W-¯nse kwkvIrX tÇmI-¯nse sicn-bmb
XÀÖ-a-bm-Wv. h\-bm-{X¡p ]pd-s¸-Sp¶ e£va-W-t\mSv amXm-hmb kpan{X \ÂIp¶ A\p-{Klw
hmevaoIn cma-bm-W-¯nÂ
cmaw-Z-i-cYw hn²oamw hn²o-P\
- I
- m-ßMw
Atbm-²ym-ahow ho²o KÑ-XmXw bYm-kpJw
F¶m-Wv. Cu hcn-I-fpsS bYmÀ° XÀÖa Xs¶-bmWv Fgp-¯-Ñ\pw kzoI-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. `c-X\v
cmPy-`-cWw sImSp¯n«v h\-¯n t]mI-W-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ Cf-b-½-bmb ssItI-bn-tbmSv
kvt\l-sa-s¶-¡p-dn-¨-dp-½-bv¡p-aþ
t±lw am{Xw `cn-s¡¶p hn[n-¡-bmÂ
F¶p {iocm-a³ ]d-bp¶ adp-]Sn Atbm²ym cmam-bWw aqe-{K-Ù-¯n-en-Ã. ]t£ AXv Fgp-¯-ѳ
Iq«n-t¨À¯n-«p-­v. AXn\v BNm-cys\ klm-bn-¨-Xv.
h\-`p-hn-X-\p-am-{X-{Xm-am-Úm-]n-Xwta
kIe `ph-\-`mc Øm]ntXm hÂk-aqÀ²\n
XZn-l-kp-I-c-Xm-bm-am-h-tbm-kvXÀ¡n-Xmbmw
abn-]-X-Xn-K-co-bm-\w_ tX ]£n ]mX
F¶ t`mP-N¼
- p-hnse hcn-I-fm-Wv.
_me-ImWvUw apXÂ kpµ-c-ImWvUw hsc A²ymß cmam-b-Ws¯ A\pI-cn-s¨-gp-Xnb BNm-cy³ bp² ImWvU-sa-¯p-t¼mÄ hmevao-In-bpsS cmam-b-W-s¯-bmWv ]n´p-W-
bv¡p-¶-Xv. t]mÀ¡-f-¯n AK-kvXy³ {]Xy-£-s¸« BZnXy lrZbw D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶Xpw hn`o-jW³ ic-Wm-K-X-\mb ka-b¯v {iocm-a³ kµÀ`-h-im ]d-bp¶ It]mX Z¼-Xn-I-fpsS IY, arX
kRvPo-h-\nsb ]än ]d-bp¶ L«-¯n-epÅ Huj[-\m-a-§Ä apX-em-bh BNm-cy³ hmevaoIn cmam-bW-¯n \n¶pw kzoI-cn-¨X
- m-Wv.
A²ymß cmam-bWw aqe-¯n \n¶v Fgp-¯-ѳ ]e `mK-§fpw Dt]£n-¨n-«p­v. amXpe Krl-¯n \n¶p Atbm-²y-bn-te¡p Xncn¨p h¶ `c-X³ cmasâ h\-bm{X
hnhcw Adn-ªn«v ]cn-hm-c-k-taXw Im«n-se¯n tPyjvTs\ ImWp¶ L«-¯n ssItIbn {iocmas\ I­n-«v,
ssItI-bn-cm-a-s\-¡­p hnP-t\-km{ip t\{X-bmbv
ssIIq-¸n-s¨mÃn\mÄ, cma, Xh cmPy hnLm-X\w
ambm-tam-ln-X-tN-XÊ
- mbv sNbvXp-t]bv aqV-bmb Rm³
£an-¡a a Zucmßyw _p[tcm £a-bp-Å-hÀ
F¶v C§s\ am¸p tNmZn-¡p-¶Xpw
Fs¶-¡p-dn¨p \o sN¶-sXÃmw
t\cnà s]m¿XnÂ
tZh-Im-cymÀ°-kn-²yÀ°-sa-¶mÂ
¯s¶ \nbp-à-bmbv
F¶p ssItI-bn-bpsS hm¡p tI«v {iocm-a³ Ahsc Biz-kn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw hmevaoIn cma-b-W-¯nepw
AXp-t]mse BNm-cysâ A²ymß cmam-b-W-¯nepw ImWm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
Hcp Cuizc \maw D¨-cn-t¡­ Ah-kcw In«n-bm At\Iw hnti-jW ]Z§Ä Iq«n-t¨À¯v
Hcp kvtXm{X-¯nsâ cq]w sImSp¡p-¶Xv Fgp-¯-Ñsâ Hcp coXn-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
aqe-{K-Ù-¯n C§s\ Hcp kvtXm{X Iq«-§Ä ImWm³ km[n-¡n-Ã. ]Icw {iocm-a³ Ft¶m {ioIrjvW³ Ft¶m Hä ]Zw am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn¨p ImWp-¶p-­v. Fgp-¯-ѳ `àn-]m-c-hiyw sIm­v Nnet¸mÄ IYm-k-µÀ`-s¯bpw Xs¶bpw hnkva-cn¨p t]mIp-¶-Xmbpw cmam-b-W-¯nsâ ]e `mK-§-fneqsSbpw a\-kn-em-¡m³ km[n-¡pw. BNm-cy³ {iocm-a\p \ÂIp¶ hnti-j-W-§Ä hmb-\-¡m-csâ
{i²sb BIÀjn-¡p-¶-X-ÃmsX \ncp-Õm-l-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶n-Ã. A¯-c-¯n-emWv BNm-cy³ Xsâ Cu
IrXn Fgp-Xn-b-n-cn-¡p¶Xv. AXp-sIm­p Xs¶ temI-s¯-hn-sSbpw ]e `mj-I-fn-embn C¶pw BNmcysâ cmam-bWw ]Zm-\p-]Zw hnhÀ¯\w sNbvXp ]Tn¨pw Krl-§-fn hmbn¨pw Ign-bp-¶-Xmbn
ImWm³ km[n-¡pw. temI P\X A{X¡p hne Iev]n-¡p-I-bmWv A²ym-ß-cm-am-bWw Infn-¸m-«n-\v.
cmam-bW kzcq]w
A²ym-ß cmam-bWw aqe-Ir-Xn-bn amlmßy kÀKw DÄs¸sS 66 kÀ¤-§fpw
4310 tÇmI-§fpw hmevaoIn cmam-b-W-¯n 24000 tÇmI-§-fpw-ap-­v. Chsb ASnØm\ {KÙ-§fm¡n h¨p-sIm­v BNm-cy³ Fgp-Xnb A²ymß cmam-bWw Infn-¸m«v Cuc-Sn-IÄ sIm­v k¼qÀWam-Wv. _me-Im-WvUw, Atbm-²ym-Im-WvUw, BcWy ImWvUw, InjvIn-Ôm-Im-WvUw, kpµc ImWvUw,
bp² ImWvUw, D¯c cmam-bWw F¶n-§-s\-bmWv hmevaoIn cmam-b-W-¯nse ImWvU hn`-P-\w.
CtX coXn-bn D¯c cmam-bWw DÄs¸sS Ggp ImWvU§
- -fm k¼p-jvT-amWv BNm-cysâ A²ymß
cmam-b-Ww.kvXpXn-I-fm hnc-Nn-X-amb BNm-cysâ A²ymß cmam-b-W-¯nse Htcm ImWvUhpw
Htcm-¶nsâ XpSÀ¨-bm-bn-«mWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
CjvS-tZ-hXm hµ-\-t¯msS Bcw-`n-¡p¶ _me-I-WvU-¯n cmam-bW IY
Npcp¡n Ah-Xc
- n-¸n-¡p-¶p-­v. {iocm-am-Zn-If
- psS P\-\hpw _mey-Ime Pohn-Xhpw hnZym-`ym-khpw hnizman-{Xsâ bmK-c-£bpw XmS-Im-h-[hpw KuX-a-]X
- v\n-bpsS im]-tam-£hpw {iocma koXm-Xn-I-fpsS hnhmlhpw `mÀK-h-cm-asâ BK-a-\hpw ZÀ¸-ia
- -\hpw {ioem-am-Zn-I-fpsS Atbm-²y-bnse Pohn-Xhpw Ah-Xcn-¸n-¨p-sIm­mWv _me ImWvUw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-¶X
- v. \mc-Z³ {iocm-a-t\mSv Ah-Xmc e£yw ]dªp
sImSp¡p-¶Xp apX-emWv Atbm-²ym-Im-WvU-¯nse Bcw-`w.
{iocm-asâ cmPym-`n-tjI hnLv\hpw h\-bm-{Xbpw cmam-bW
- -¯nse {][m\ tÇmI-amb
cmaw Zi-cYw hn²oamw hn²o P\-Im-ßPw
Atbm-²ym-a-Show ho²oKÑ-Xm-X-bY
- m-kpJw
F¶-Xnsâ
cmas\ \nXyw ZicYs\¶pÅnþ
emtamZtamSp \ncq]n¨p sImÅWw
Fs¶ P\ImßPsb¶pc¨p sImÄ
]ns¶btbm²ysbt¶mÀ¯oSShnsb
F¶p hn]peam¡nbpw Fgp¯Ñ³ AhXcn¸n¡p¶p. tXmWn¡mc\mb Kplkw hmZhpw Im«mf\mb
ZnhmIc³ hmev a oIn Bb IYbpw ZicYsâ hntbmKhpw `cXcmLh kwhmZhpw Ignªv
AXym{ia¯n {]thin¡p¶tXmsS Atbm²yImWvUw Ahkm\n¡p¶p.
BcWy {]thi\t¯msSbmWv BcWy ImWv U w Bcw`n¡p¶Xv . cmhWsâ
koXm]lcWw {iocmaIrjvW·mcpsS koXmt\zjWhpw PSmbphnsâ hntbmKhpw HSphn I_Ô³
F¶ KÔÀÆ\v tam£hpw \ÂIo«v i_cmbm{ia¯nse¯n i_cn¡pw tam£w sImSp¡p¶tXmsS
BcWyImWvUw Ahkm\n¡p¶p
InjInÔ F¶ hm\c cmPy¯v F¯p¶tXmsS InjvInÔImWvUw Bcw`n¡p¶p.
AhnsS h¨v l\pams\ I­pap«n kp{KohmZnIsf ]cnNbs¸Sp¶p. Aánsb km£nbm¡n
kp{Koh\pambn kJyap­m¡nbXn\ptijw _mensb h[n¡p¶p. kp{KohcmPym`ntjIw Ignªv
hnclXm]w A\p`hn¡p¶ {iocmas\ kam[m\n¸p¨psIm­v kp{Kohsâ BÚ{]Imcw
hm\ctk\IÄ koXmt\zjWw Bcw`n¡p¶p. koXmt\zjW kab¯v kzbw{]`bv ¡ pw
k¼mZnbv ¡ pw tam£w \ÂInbn«v l\pamsâ kap{ZewL\s¯¡pdn¨p Nn´n¡p¶nS¯v
InjvInÔImWvUw Ahkm\n¡p¶p.
l\pam³ {iocmasâ `à·mcn A{KKWy\mb `à\mWv. {iocmsâbpw koXmtZhnbpsSbpw
ZqX\mWv l\pam³. l\pamsâ kap{ZewL\¯neqsS e¦bn F¯p¶Xpw e¦me£van¡p tam£w
sImSp¯Xn\ptijw koXsb e¦bn At\zjn¨p \S¡p¶Xpw HSphn hmbp`Khmsâ
klmbt¯msS AtimIh\nbn Ccn¡p¶ koXsb Is­¯pIbpw {iocma³ ASbmfambn
sImSp¯b¨ AwKpeobw koXbv¡p \ÂIp¶p. cmhWs\ h[n¨ tijw tZhnsb Atbm²ybnte¡p
sIm­pt]mIpw F¶ Dd¸p \evInbXn\ptijw e¦sb B{Ian¡pIbpw co£k·msc h[n¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. HSphn cmhW k¶n[nbn t]mbn cmhWt\mSv FÃm hr¯m´hpw ]dªXn\p tijw
cm£kÀ Aán sImfp¯n hn« hmepambn l\pam³ e¦sb Nps«cn¨Xn\p tijw koXmtZhnbnÂ
\n¶v A\p{Klhpw hm§n e¦bn \n¶p Xncn¨p hcp¶tXmsS kpµcImWvUw Ahkm\n¡p¶p.
Bdmas¯ ImWv U amb bp²ImWv U ¯nemWv {iocmasâ AhXmtcmt±iw
]qÀ¯nbmIp¶Xv. l\pamsâ e¦mhnhcWw ]qÀ¯n a\Ênem¡nbXn\ptijw {iocma\pw kwLhpw
e¦bn bp²¯n\p ]pds¸Sp¶p. hn`oja³ e¦bn \n¶v {iocmamZnItfmsSm¸w tNcp¶Xpw tkXp
_Ô\hpw bp²Iv W v U ¯n {]Xn]mZn¡p¶p. Ipw`IÀWsâ h[hpw \mcZ³ cmas\
kvXpXn¡p¶Xpw C{µPn¯nt\mSv bp²w sNbvXv acn¨hsc Znhy Huj[w sIm­ph¶v c£n¨Xn\p
tijw e£vW³ C{µPn¯ns\ h[n¡p¶Xpw CXn {]Xn]mZp¡p¶p. cmhWsâ tlmahnLv\hpw
AKkvXy ap\nbn \n¶v BZnXylrZb a{´w kzoIcn¨v AXpsNmÃn {iocma³ cmhWs\ h[n¡p¶p.
ChnsSbmWv {iocmasâ AhXmtcmt±iyw ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶Xv. e¦bn hn`ojWs\ cmPmhm¡n
A`ntjIw sNbvXXn\p tijw koXsb Aán ]co£W¯neqsS kzoIcn¨v Atbm²ybnte¡p
Xncn¨v aS§p¶p. AhnsS {iocmas\ cmPmhm¡n kp{Koh³ A`ntjIw sN¿p¶p. bp²¯nÂ
klmbn¨ hm\c·mÀ¡v A\p{Klw \ÂInbXn\p tijw {iocma³ cmPyw `cn¡p¶tXmsS
bp²ImWvUw Ahkm\n¡p¶p. bp²ImWvU¯nsâ Ahkm\amWv BNmcy³ cmambW¯nsâ
^e{ipXn FgpXn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶Xv.
D¯d cmambW¯n cmaWmZnIfpsS DÛhhpw koXsb Im«n Dt]£n¡p¶Xpw
hmevaoIn B{ia¯nse ehIpi·mcpsS ]Thpw Atizmta[bmKhpw koXmtZhnbpsS Xntcm[m\hpw
Æcn¡p¶p­v. XpSÀ¶v eh Ipi·mÀ¡v cmPy`mcw \ÂInbXn\p tijw {iocmamZnIfpsS hntbmKhpw
almhnjv W phn ebn¨p tNÀ¶ {iocmas\ {_Òmhv kv X pXn¡p¶tXmsS D¯ccmabWw
Ahkm\n¡p¶p.
Fgp¯Ñsâ kvXpXnIÄ
BNmcysâ A²ymß cmambWw Infn¸m«v kvXpXnIfm \ndªp \n¡p¶
Hcp almImhyamWv. cmambWs¯ A²ymß cmambWam¡n amäp¶Xpw BNmcysâ `àn ck
{][m\amb kv X pXnIfmWv . A²ymXmacmambWs¯ apàn kn²n¡pÅ Asæn tam£
{]m]vXn¡pÅ Hcp {][m\ ckam¡n XoÀ¡p¶Xv cmambW¯nse kvXpXnIfmWv. hmÂaoIn
cmambW¯n Hä tÇmIambn kwt£]n¨ncn¡p¶ kvXpXnIÄ BNmcy\ntem«v F¯pt¼mÄ Hmtcm
JWvUnIbnembn kvXpXn¡p¶Xv ImWmw. krjvSnIÀ¯mhmb {_Òmhpw tZh temIs¯ C{µ\pw
AhXmc]pcpj\mb ]cipcma\pw I_Ôs\¶ KÔÀÆ\pw a\pjy kv{Xo¿ Iukeybpw cm£k
hwi¯n ]nd¶ hn`ojW\pw hm\c\mb kp{Koh\pw l\pam\pw ]£n t{ijvT\mb PSmbphpw
\mcZ\pw kzbw {]`hpw cmas\ kvXpXn¡p¶Xv ImWm³ km[n¡pw.
BNmcysâ {]IyXnhÀW\
FgpXn X¿mdm¡nbXv
cXojv FÊv
{]IrXn Hmtcm kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-bp-sSbpw B´-cnI Xmf-am-Wv.-A-h-bpsS icn-bmb t_m[w Xncn¨-dn-ª-hÀ X§-fpsS IrXn-I-fnse sNdn-sbm-c-h-kcw t]mepw {]IrXn hÀW-\-bpsS ambnI {]]©w
XoÀ¡p-¶-h-cm-Wv.-Xp-©-¯m-Nm-cy³ FÃm Ncm-N-c-§-sfbpw Xsâ Imhy-¯nse IYm-]m-{X-§-fmbn
Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-­v.F
- -¶m {]Ir-Xn-bpsS sam¯-amb hÀW\ hfsc hnc-f-am-bns« \½p¡v Is­¯m³ Ign-bq.-Cu-sbmcp Imcy-¯n sNdp-tÈ-cnbpw BNm-cy\pw `n¶-cm-Ip-¶p-­v.s
- N-dp-tÈcn ap«n\v
ap«n\v {]Ir-Xn-hÀW\ \S-¯p-t¼mÄ BNm-cy³ {]Ir-Xnsb `K-hm-\mbn I­v cma-kvXp-Xn-I-fm Xsâ
IrXn kpµ-c-am-¡p-¶p.
F¶n-cp-¶mepw B{i-a-§-sfbpw Xt]m-h-\§
-- -sfbpw hÀWn-¡p-¶n-S¯v Nne hÀW-\IÄ \½p¡v ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.-Nn-{X-IqS ]ÀÆ-X-¯n-\-Sp-¯pÅ {iocma N{µm-{i-aw,-kp-Xn-jvWm-{i-aw,hm-evan-In-bm-{i-aw,-]©
- -hSn,a-lm-c-Wy-{]-th-i\w Cu `mK-§-fn-seÃmw CXv Zriy-am-Wv.
_me-Im-WvU-¯n `mÀK-h-cm-asâ tIm]waqew {]Ir-Xn-bv¡p-­m-hp¶ amäw Ihn hnh-cn-¡p¶p-­v.
AÔImcw sIms­ms¡
adªp Zn¡p-Ifpw
knÔp-hmcn-bq-sam¶m
Ie§n adn-ªnXp
`qanbpw Kncn-Ifpw hnd-s¨¶v ]dªv sIm­v Ipd-¨p-hm-¡p-I-fn-eqsS knÔp-hm-cn-Xn-sb-t¸mepw
Ie-¡n-a-dn-¡p¶ Xc-¯n-emWv `mÀK-hc
- m-asâ tZjy-sa¶v BNm-cy\v A\p-hm-N-Isc t_m[y-s¸-Sp-¯m³
Ign-bp-¶p-­v.
Btdm Gtgm hm¡pI-fn Hcp a\p-jysâ at\m-`mh ImTn\yw klr-Z-b-cn-se-¯n¨ BNmcys\ \½Ä ASp¯p ImWp-¶Xv {]k¶am-sbmcp {]Ir-Xn-b-h-X-c-W-¯n-em-Wv.-{io-cm-a-N-{µm-{i-a-¯nÂ
`c-X\pw kwLhpw F¯p-¶-Xm-W-Xv.
]pjv]-^e
- -Ze ]qÀ® hÃo-X-cpþ
ijv]c
- -Wob Im\-\a
- -WvUew I­v
Bkzm-Zn-¡p-I-bmWv `c-X³ sN¿p-¶-Xv.Cu Im\-\-tZiw ]pjv]w,-^-ew,-Ce F¶nh \ndª hÅnIfpw hr£-§fpw Cfw ]pÃp-Ifpw sIm­v ca-Wo-b-am-b-Xm-Wv.-A-hnsS amhv,-sX-§v,-I-hp-§v,-hmg apXÂ
kme-hr-£-§fpw Ce-ªnbpw hsc-bp-­v.C
- -hsb IqSmsX B\,-Ip-c-§v,-am³ ]m¼v XpS-§n-b-h-bpsS
Iq«-§fpw ImWm³ km[n-¡pw.-{]-Ir-Xn-bnse FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw \ndª Cu h\w arK-kaql§fpsS
eoe-I-fmepw hr£m-{K-§-fn Xq§n-¡n-S-¡p¶ ac-hp-cn-I-fmepw Aew-Ir-Xa
- m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.-kw-kvIrX
]Z-§-fpsS at\m-lc Nn{Xw hc-bv¡m³ Ihnbv¡v km[n-¡p-¶p-­v.
`c-Zzm-Pm-{i-a-¯n \n¶v Imfnµn \Zn-bn-eqsS Nn{X-Iq-S-¯n-se-¯nb {iocma koXm-e£-a-W-·mÀ kp\nÀ½-e-amb hmevaoIn B{i-as¯ ImWp-¶Xv Ihn C{]-Imcw Ipdn-¡p-¶p.
\m\m-ap-\n-Ipe k¦pew tIhew
\m\m arKm-Zzn-Pm-IoÀWw at\m-lcw
D¯a hr£-e-Xm-]c
- n-tim-`nXw
\nXy-Ip-kp-a-^-eZ- e kwbpàw
F¶mWv Cu h\-¯n-emWv Ah-km\w {iocm-asâ BÚ-{]-Imcw e£-a-W³ koXsb Dt]-£n-¨Xv.C
- u-sbmcp e£yw ap¶n I­v sIm­v hfsc im´-kp-µ-c-am-bn-«mWv BNm-cy³ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw.-Ch
- n-sSbpw Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ ]Z-§Ä {i²n-t¡-­-h-bm-Wv.
Bc-Wy-Im-WvU-¯nse alm-c-Wy-{]-th-i\
- -¯n alm-c-Wys¯ Ihn hÀWn-¡p-¶Xv
thsdmcp Xc-¯n-em-Wv.-No-hnSn i_vZ-§-fm apg-§n-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv alm-cWyw
XvUnÃn-Ô-Im-c-\m-Z-a-WvUnXw
knwl-hym-{Lþ
ieymZn arK-K-Wm-IoÀWþ
amX-]-lo\w
tLmc-cm-£-k-Ipe tkhnXw
`bm-\Iw
{Iqc kÀ¸m-Zn-]qÀWw
knwlw,-I-Sp-h,-ap-ų]-¶n,-ap-X-emb arK-¯m k¦oÀWhpw {Iqc kÀ¸-§Ä,-cm-£-k-·mÀ
F¶n-h-I-fm \nd-ªXpw Bb h\-¯n hr£-§Ä ]´-en¨p \n¡p-¶-Xn-\m kqcy-{]-Imiw
Gev¡p-¶n-Ã. h\y arK-§fpw {Iqc kÀ¸-§fpw cm£-k-·mÀ \nd-ªXpw shbn CÃm-¯-Xp-amb
h\-¯n Noho-Snsâ cq£-amb i_vZw Ft¸mgpw apg-§n-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.-A-Xn-`-bm-\-I-amb Xc-¯nemWv alm-cWyw hÀWn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.-A-Xn-`-bm-\-I-amb h\-¯n at\m-l-c-amb Xma-c-s¸m-bvI-I-fpap-­v.-A-h-bpsS hÀW-\,
ap¶n-e-½m-d-s§mcp
]pjvI-cn-Wn-bpw I­mÂ
Ievlm-tcm-ev]-e-Ip-ap-Zmw-_p-Pc
tàm ]eþ
^pÃq-]p-jvt]-µo-hc tim`nX
aNvOPew
tXmb ]m\hpw sNbvXp
hr{im-´-·m-cmbv hr£
NvOmb `qXte ]p\-cn-cp¶p
bYm-kpJw
kuK-ÔnI ]q¡fpw \oe Xma-c-Ifpw hncnªp \ndª tim`-tbmSv IqSnb Xma-c-s¸m-bvIbn \n¶pw shÅw IpSn-¨-Xn-\ptiw hr£-X-W-en Ccp-¶p-sIm­v {]IrXn ca-Wo-b-amb Hcp hn{ia
kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-I-bmWv {iocm-a³. Cu alm-c-Wy-h-\-¯n h¨mWv hr£-§sf ]nSn¨p Ipep¡n
sIm­v IS¶p h¶ hncm-[³ F¶ cm£-k³ h[n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
kÀhÀ¯p-^-e-Ip-kp-amVy
]mZ-]-e-Xmþ
kwhrXw \m\m-arK k©b
\ntj-hnXw
\m\m ]£n-IÄ \mZw
sIm­-Xn-a-t\m-lcw
Im\\w PmXn sshc clnX
P´p-]qÀWw
F¶mWv BNm-cy³ AK-kvXym-{i-as¯ hÀWn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.-FÃm EXp-¡-fnepw ]pjv]§
- Ä,^-e-§Ä,-C-e-IÄ F¶n-h-bm Npä-s¸« ac-§-fm at\mlc-amb h\-¯n ]£n arKm-Zn-I-fpsS
Iq«w Xs¶-bp-­v.-B-b-Xn-\m B B{i-a-Øew hfsc at\m-l-c-am-Wv.-A-h-tbm-sSm¸w ]£n-I-fpsSbpw arK-§-fp-sSbpw kzc-hn-ti-j-§fpw tNcp-t¼mÄ B at\m-lm-cnX AhÀW-\o-b-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.CXv IqSmsX ap\n-Ip-am-c-·mÀ D¨-cn-¡p¶ thZ [z\n sIm­pw Aew-Ir-X-am-W-K-kvXym-i-aw.
h\-hm-k-¯n-\p-t]mb {iocm-a\pw koXbpw e£va-W\pw ]©-h-Sn-bn-em-bn-cp¶p Xmakn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.-a-t\m-l-c-amb ]ÀW-im-e-bn Ce-Ifpw ]q¡fpw sIm­p-­m-¡nb InS-¡-bp-ap-­m-¡n.
IZfo ]\-km-{am-Zn-Jne
^e hr£m-hrX Im\t\
P\ kwt_m[ hnhÀPntX
hmg,-¹m-hv,-amhv XpS§n ^e-hr-£-§-tfmSv IqSn
Npä-s¸« BÄ Xnc-¡n-Ãm¯ bmsXmcp D]-{Z-h-§fpw D­m-Im¯ Im«n-emWv {iocm-a³ hkn-¡p-¶-Xv.C-§s\ kc-f-amb coXn-bn-emWv BNm-cy³ {]Ir-Xn-hÀW\ \S-¯p-¶-Xv.X
- sâ IYm-]m-{X-§-fpsS at\m\n-ebv ¡ v A\p-k -c n¨v A\p-t bm-Py-a mb {]Ir-Xnsb Hcp¡n FSp-¡ p-I -bmWv Ihn sN¿p¶Xv .
KuXap\o{µsâ B{ia¯nse¯p¶ {iocma³ B{iaw I­n«v hnizman{Xt\mSv tNmZn¡p¶Xv
C{]ImcamWv.
B{ia]ZanZamÀ¡pÅq
at\mlcam{ib tbmKyw
\m\mP´p hÀMnXw Xm\pw F¶XmWv.
im´Xbpw kuIpamcyhpw \ndª {]IrXn Hmtcm a\pjysâbpw a\Êns\ hyXykvX Xc¯nÂ
Dt·japJncnXam¡p¶p­v. AXpsIm­v Xs¶bmWv BNmcy³ Hmtcm {]IrXn hÀWIfnepw
hyXykvX `mhs¯ DÄs¡mÅp¶Xpw.
sNdptÈcnsbt¸msetbm A[nIhÀW\Ifpw ImWp¶nænepw B XqenI Xp¼n \n¶v
ASÀ¶v hoWhsbÃmw Xs¶ ]ZNn{X§Ä BWv. {]IrXnbpsS `mhw apgph³ Bhmlns¨Sp¡m³
B Nm{X§Ä¡v Ignbp¶p­v. C¶s¯t¸mse hymIpeXsb Bi¦tfm {]IrXnsb¡pdn¨v
{]ISnt¡­ Hcp Ime¯Ã Cu Nn{X§Ä Nmen¡s¸«Xn\m Ahbn kzÑXbpsSbpw
kam[m\¯nsâbpw kvt\l¯nsâbpw {]Xo£bpsSbpw hÀ®¡q«pIÄ \njv{]bmkw Is­¯mw.