Michigan Statehood Timeline Template BY: THE GREAT DANE SIMON BOLØ Early Sault Ste Marie Sault Ste. Marie is the oldest city in Michigan and one of the oldest cities in the United States. First visited (1615–22) by the French-Canadian explorer Étienne Brûlé First mission was founded in late 1668 by Jacques Marquette In 1797 the Northwest Fur company created a canal and, "locks of sorts", on the Canadian side of St. Marys River. Antoine Laumet de La Mothe Cadillac Served in present-day Michigan as commandant of the important frontier post of Mackinac (1694–97). With permission from King Louis XIV, Cadillac established a Great Lakes furtrading post and founded Fort-Pontchartrain du Détroit, later called Detroit. Cadillac returned to Quebec, then travelled to Montreal where he gathered canoes, farmers, traders, artisans, soldiers, and Native Americans to accompany him on his quest . The men set sail for founding Detroit on June 4, 1701. He governed there until 1710, when his enemies in Quebec and Paris forced his removal to the new French colony of Louisiana. The city of Cadillac, Mich.; Cadillac Mountain, Maine; and the Cadillac automobile are named for him. Fort Michilimackinac In 1715 French soldiers constructed Fort Michilimackinac. This fortified community became the great fur trade center of the Northwest It moved into British control in 1761 The Fort was hard to defend therefore the British moved it to Mackinac Island in 1780-1781 Michigan becomes its own territory. 1787 - Michigan becomes part of the Northwest Territory of the United States. 1796 - The British finally leave Detroit. 1805 becomes its own territory 1812 - The British retake Detroit at the start of the War of 1812. 1813 - The Americans take back Michigan and Detroit after winning the Battle of Lake Erie. 1825 - The Erie Canal is opened providing easier travel to Michigan. The Northwest Ordinance is passed July 13 1787 the authors of the Northwest Ordinance (probably Nathan Dane and Rufus King) spelled out a plan that was subsequently used as the country expanded to the Pacific a division of the Northwest Territory "not less than three nor more than five States" provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory. "Mad" Anthony Wayne The battle Fallen Timbers Due to his victory at Fallen Timbers he forced Little Turtle and the other native american leaders to sign the treaty of greenville The war that gave Wayne undying fame wasn’t a cakewalk for him. He suffered a number of serious defeats. The reason he was called "Mad Anthony" was because of his fiery temper In 1792 Wayne was appointed by Pres. George Washington to serve as commander in chief of the modest U.S. Army, General “Mad” Anthony Wayne takes on the Native Americans at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. Aug 20 1794 The Battle of Fallen Timbers, was the last major conflict of the Northwest Territory Indian War between Native Americans and the United States. The Native Americans got destoryed in this battle. It let to the greenvile treaty begin signed The Greenville Treaty is signed given Indian Land in Michigan to the Americans Aug 3 1795 On August 3, 1795, Wayne, Little Turtle, and their delegations met at Fort Greenville (now Greenville Ohio) to conclude the treaty The reason of the Greenville treaty is because the American colonist wanted the land from the Native people because they were migrating from the east. Both sides agreed to a termination of hostilities and an exchange of prisoners, and Little Turtle authorized a redefinition of the border between the United States and Indian lands William Hull • Hull joined the American army during the Revolutionary War • He was Govornor of Michigan from 1805-1812 • His invasion of Canada was clumsy and poorly planned; he retreated to Detroit and eventually, on Aug. 16, 1812, without a fight, surrendered his army and forts to the British • A court martial later convicted him of cowardice and neglect of duty and sentenced him to death. • President James Madison approved the findings but remitted the sentence. General Hull Surrendered Fort Detroit to the British and Native Americans in the War of 1812 August 15-16, 1812 Indian and British soldiers gathered around Fort Detroit, which was enough to scare General Hull who surrendered, and the British soldiers took the American soldiers to prison in Canada In 1814, William Hull was court-martialed for cowardice and neglect of duty in surrendering the fort, and sentenced to death With the capture of Fort Detroit, Michigan Territory was declared a part of Great Britain Lewis Cass He rose to brigadier general in the War of 1812 and was appointed Michigan's second territorial governor. He was governor of Michigan Territory from 1813 to 1831. He directed the conduct of the Black Hawk and Seminole wars. In the 1848 presidential campaign, Cass was the Democratic nominee but was defeated by the Whig candidate, Zachary Taylor. He served as secretary of state (1857–60) under President James Buchanan, but he retired from the post when the president refused to take a firmer stance against the secession of the Southern states. He steered Michigan to statehood and designed the state's Coat of Arms. He 1828 founded the Historical Society of Michigan in The War of 1812 ends on Christmas Eve Dec 24 1814 The United States declared war on Britain In the months following the U.S. declaration of war, American forces launched a three-point invasion of Canada, The treaty of Ghent was signed which ended the war in 1814 on christmas eve. The Erie Canal is built creating a short cut to Lake Erie and Michigan. Built in 1817 July 4 finished in 1825 The Erie Canal is a 363-mile waterway that connects the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson River in upstate New York. The canal transformed New York City into the young nation’s economic powerhouse The Erie Canal was enlarged twice to fit wider and deeper boats. The Treaty of Saginaw Treaty of Saginaw was made in 1819 24 sep The amount of land ceded amounted to about six million acres North East LP. A gathering of 2000 Native Americans, predominantly Ojibwe and other Three Fires' tribes, met with General Cass and many other diplomats, interpreters, and traders to begin treaty talks. Gen. Cass writes to the Secretary of War regarding his task to obtain land through the upcoming negotiations. Cholera reached Detroit aboard the steamship the Henry Clay July 2nd 1832 Sailed from Buffalo to Detroit to deliver soldiers and ammo There came sudden deaths on the steamship Captain Walker wrote that the Henry Clay and Superior were forced to remain at Fort Gratiot because of the Asiatic Cholera "Boy Governor" Stevens T. Mason Michigan’s first elected governor in 1834, Porter died of cholera, and the then twenty-two-year old Mason became full-time acting governor. He was later elected governor in his own right. He was governor of Michigan from 1834- He was Governor under The Toledo war 1840 Mason’s popularity declined after statehood. Michigan writes its first State Constitution 1835 They wrote this get Michigan to be a state 6299 approved Michigan to be a state, only 1359 said no you are not allowed to do that The 1835 Constitution has been praised by many political scientists Toledo war 1835-1836 This was not a war, Michigan invaded Ohio killed zero people, after that Ohio invaded Michigan killed zero people. When Michigan attempted statehood in 1835 Ohio blocked it, because that if they went through likes this the border of Michigan would take Toledo from Ohio(which was a big economic resource). Because Michigan territory didn't have that much money, they got forced into signing the deal with Ohio that they got Toledo back, and The U.S government got 13 million acres North Western LP and UP, Which they gave to MIchigan because they signed to be a state Washington Treaty March 28, 1836 The Washington Treaty was that the Anishnaabek people gave 13 million acres to the U.S government, in return the treaty guaranteed the Anishnaabek permanent reservation lands and perpetual access to natural resources, including hunting and fishing rights. But when the Anishnaabek people left Washington, the Congress people changed it to only 5 years. The area ceded to the U.S. government by the 1836 Treaty of Washington represents almost 40% of the current land area of the state of Michigan. Without this land, the Michigan Territory could not have been granted statehood and admitted to the Union. Michigan becomes a state and is officially a part of the Union Jan 26 1837 The reason why it first became a part of the union in 1837 instead of 1835 when the paper was signed was because of the Toledo war with Ohio. Additional land was given to Michigan, the part of the state known as the Upper Peninsula Michigan derived its name from the Indian word "Ojibwa" The Native American People The early settlers had problems with The Native American people because they were encroaching upon Tribal lands, The Native American sometimes respond in forces which led to many clashes between The early settlers and Native Americans. Food and Agriculture Another negative thing early settlers had to deal with was to find food and living in another way than they were used too. They also needed to find out how to survive the cold winters in Michigan and how to build stuff so it could withstand Michigan's weather. The threat of constant war Another negative thing could be all the constant wars between the Native American, the British and The French fighting against each other. This caused many deaths and many rotations in who owned which land because of all the fighting. Property rights There werent clear property rights, which could mean that you could end up getting in fights with other people which could claim that I was their land and that you was on their property or it could end up getting to a war if it was between different nations and not just people Swamp land Much of Michigan wasn’t settelted because it was considered swamp land, would mean that it was hard to settle at and grow crops and stuff in very wet land, so it wasn’t settled at all before later time. 3 Steps to Statehood The First try: Territorial Governor Stevns T. Mason announced that Michigan was ready to become a State, but the congress said no. Congress said that Michigan had to work for it The rules: Second the people of Michigan needed to write a constitution is a set of laws how the government is going to work. On October 5 1835 Michigan voters accepted the constitution and elected Stevens T. Mason an the first Governor. No Fighting with Ohio: Before Michigan could become a state, it had to stop fighting with Ohio. Ohio and Michigan both said they owned this little land that is where Toledo is today which was a very important money source. Congress didn’t allow Michigan to become a State before they reached an agreement with Ohio. 10 Obscure laws in Michigan 1st law: "The last Sunday in June of every year was named “log cabin day”. 2nd law: "You may not swear in front of women and children." (Repealed, 2002) About this law. 3rd law: "Any person over the age of 12 may have a license for a handgun as long as he/she has not been convicted of a felony". 4th law: "Willfully destroying your old radio is prohibited." 5th law: "Anyone can keep their cow on Main Street downtown at a cost of 3 cents per day". 10 Obscure laws in Michigan 6th law: "It is illegal to kill a dog using a decompression chamber." 7th law: "It is illegal to let your pig run free in Detroit unless it has a ring in its nose." 8th law: "Persons may not be drunk on trains." 9th law: "It is legal for a robber to file a lawsuit, if he or she got hurt in your house." 10th law: "There is a 3 cent bounty for each starling and 10 cent bounty for each crow killed in any village, township, or city in the state. (Repealed, 2006)" My law Michigan should adopt I think that Michigan should create a law where when you buy gas you pay 30 cent per Gallon extra to improve the roads. In the long run you would probally earn money on it because then so you would probally get less car damage on your cars from the roads if they was better. And you can see from other countrys where they use their tax money to pay for the roads and they doesn’t have that many chrashes from The roads.(Denmark) EEE EEE is a virus that you can be unfortunate to get through mosquitoes. EEE can be a deadly virus, 5 people have died from EEE so far in Michigan. EEE has been confirmed in nine people in Michigan.It takes 4 to 10 days after the bite from an infected mosquito to develop symptoms of EEE. Symptoms include sudden onset of fever, chills, body and joint aches, severe encephalitis, headache, disorientation, tremors, seizures, and paralysis. "People who experience symptoms are urged to see a doctor as soon as possible. Those infected could get permanent brain damage, go into a coma, or die." EEE solution There are 2 ways that you could possible stop EEE. 1 of the ways you could stop EEE is to get a frost(a frost is when there have been below 32 in more than 4 hours. Another way you could do it is to spray with a spray that is going to kill mosquitoes but that would also kill other animals and injurie other animals. Michigan is predicted first to get a frost in the beginning of November, so we need to hope on to get a frost as fast as possible.