Year 10 English – Poetry Forms Effect Unit Title: Poetry Forms Effect Duration: 9 weeks Description of Unit This unit requires students to: Explore the forms of poetry of Bruce Dawe and the way he uses particular aspects of language to shape meaning and influence responses Explore ‘The Simple Gift’ by Steven Herrick and the way he uses particular aspects of language to shape meaning and influence responses Develop an awareness of how language can alter perceptions of, and our relationships with others and the world Understand and evaluate how Dawe and Herrick create distinctive voices in their work Question, challenge, and evaluate cultural assumptions represented by Dawe and Herrick A student demonstrates understanding of the relationships among texts. Compose their own texts in a variety of forms and media Effectively uses a wide range of processes, skills, strategies, and knowledge for responding to, and composing texts Selects and uses language forms, features, and structures of text appropriate to explaining their effects on meaning. In this unit, students strengthen and extend their knowledge, skills and confidence to understand and evaluate, with increasing complexity the way in which language can represent the personal, and public worlds of composers at the collective and individual level. Students will deepen their understanding of how language’s representation can affirm, or challenge cultural, and social assumptions at the individual, community, and national level. Students will analyse, explore, and assess the role of literature, and the influence of the forms has on the transmission of new ideas, values and attitudes which compound to influence new perceptions of ourselves and cultural perceptions. 1 Through the study of these texts students will appreciate, analyse and assess the importance and power of language. Through a considered appraisal of, and imaginative engagement with these texts, students will reflect on the complex and recursive process of writing to further develop their ability to apply their knowledge of textual forms and features in their own sustained and cohesive compositions. Students will have opportunities to work independently and collaboratively to reflect, refine and strengthen their own skills in producing crafted, discursive, persuasive texts, reflection and feedback will be an integral part of this process, throughout all phases. Focus Questions 1. How do writers craft language forms and features to comment on the world around them? 2. In what ways do the writer’s purpose and intended audience impact on their choices of form, medium, language and techniques? 3. How can reflecting on our own and others’ texts help us become better writers? Outcomes EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates cultural assumptions in texts and their effects on meaning EN5-7D: understands and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts EN5-4B: effectively transfers knowledge, skills and understanding of language concepts into new and different contexts 2 Texts ‘The Simple Gift’, Steven Herrick Bruce Dawe’s poetry: - Life-cycle - Homo Suburbiensis - Weapons Training - Enter Without So Much as Knocking Assessment Outline Assessment for Learning Assessment as Learning Pre testing of student understanding of text form PILS (Purpose, Intended Audience, Language features and Structure). Learning Journal – ‘Inking Their Thinking’ Peer reflection Assessment of Learning Formal assessment – Extended Response and Reflection Class tasks – varied Inking Your Thinking – ‘Backward Looking’ entries Creative Tasks Program Overview Outcomes/ Content EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates cultural assumptions in Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Week 1: Connectedness: Links made to real life experience CONTENT: OVERVIEW OF UNIT; INTRODUCTION TO DAWE; DISCUSSION OF CONTEXT; POEM ANALYSIS: “ENTER WITHOUT SO MUCH AS KNOCKING” Substantive Communication: Students to discuss link between context and meaning 3 Outcomes/ Content texts and their effects on meaning EN5-7D: understands and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Lessons 1–2: Introduction to Study of Bruce Dawe “Enter Without So Much as Knocking” Background Knowledge: Students consider own understanding of poet’s context Discuss overview of unit expectations. Distribute Summative Assessment Task During this unit students are required to keep a journal. In this journal they are to: 1. Reflect upon the poems after they initially read them and log a personal response. 2. Answer any comprehension questions provided. Students read the poem “Enter Without So Much as Knocking” and describe what they think is the context of the composer, remembering that context is the range of personal, social, historical, cultural and workplace conditions in which a text is responded to and composed. Students read through a brief biography of Bruce Dawe and consider the personal, social, historical, cultural and workplace conditions of Dawe and his writing. They discuss the era Dawe was writing in and make a list of possible significant influences on him as a writer. Students read through “Enter Without So Much as Knocking” and identify the elements of the poem that reflect Dawe’s context. Presented on a poster. Connectedness: Students consider own response to poems Deep Knowledge: Focus on ideas and features of the poem Journal responses http://www.australianbiography.gov.au/su bjects/dawe/interview1.html http://www.australianbiography.gov.au/su bjects/dawe/bio.html https://www.poemhunter.com/donaldbruce-dawe/biography/ Reading Homework: Students re-read the poem “Enter Without So Much as Knocking” and complete the journal for homework. 1. 2. 3. 4. What is the poem about? Summarise the events in the poem. What does each verse paragraph focus on? How does the presentation of the streetscape with its numerous prohibitive signs intensify Dawe’s criticism of the society? 5. Discuss how satire is used in this poem. 6. Explain how humour is used in this poem. 7. How does the Latin epigraph relate to the subject of the poem? 4 https://www.youtube.co1m/watch?v=8SU2kzq3v9 c Outcomes/ Content Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Lessons 3–4: “Enter Without So Much as Knocking” This poem presents one view of life, the idea that human beings are mortal and will one day return to the dust from which we are made. The poem experiments with poetic style in its use of episode, everyday imagery, cyclic structure and free verse form. The environment that the child grows up in is anonymous, impersonal and commercial, an environment that essentially annihilates individuality. Dawe effectively works into his poem a juxtaposition between the purity of nature (revealed in the beauty of the night sky) with the suffocating communality of urban life. Deconstruct poem using SPECS and SLIMS to annotate. Students listen as the poem is read out, list positive and negative thoughts on the poem to help organise an initial response to the poem. Homework: Students read the poem “Life Cycle” and complete the following: EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts Prior to analysing the poem next week, create a visual representation of your own life cycle. Include a written statement that explains the images you chose. Week 2: Deep Knowledge: Focus on ideas and features of the poem CONTENT: POEM: “LIFE-CYCLE”; ANALYSIS OF POEM; CONSIDERING CULTURE. Metalanguage: Poetic terms applied to language Lesson 1: Impact of Context on Poems Higher-Order Thinking: Evaluating knowledge of poem’s meaning Dawe prefers to use contemporary Australian speech in his poetry as he believes that such language is a rich form of communication and should be preserved in literature before it disappears. The culture of a responder impacts significantly on their response to a text. Students consider their own cultural background (i.e. class, race, religion, ethnicity, and gender) and then consider how this has 5 Cultural Knowledge: Considering how language reflects culture Outcomes/ Content EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning Teaching and Learning an impact upon responses to the poem. They consider: how might your response differ if you were not from Australia? Why? Homework Task: Students re-read the poem “Life-cycle” and complete the journal for homework. 1. How many different voices can you identify in this poem? Who owns each voice? 2. Are they all the stereotypical “Australian” voice? 3. How has Dawe used language to create an Australian voice in this poem? 4. How is the colloquial “Australian” language used by Dawe similar to the language used today? Give examples. 5. What is the tone of this poem? Explain. 6. Make a list of 5 colloquial expressions that are used today. Then write a definition for each. Lessons 2-4: “Life-cycle” This poem evokes the devotion of Victorians to Australian Rules football. The poem attempts to explain to outsiders this phenomenon. Just as in “Enter Without So Much as Knocking” Dawe once again uses the idea of a life-cycle, however, this time, he uses it to reflect how the devotion to football lasts throughout the different stages of one’s life. Dawe uses a combination of Australian slang and solemn biblical language to create an obviously satirical poem. Use the following presentation to deconstruct the poem https://www.slideshare.net/LeonieKrieger/analysis-of-life-cycle-bybruce-dawe Focus on how Dawe asserts, and nuances his message through the use of inter-textual references. Students to take notes using SPECS and SLIMS to annotate their copy of the poem. Students go back to the poem and think about how Dawe has used techniques to create meaning in the poem. They construct a table (technique/example/ effect) to help structure responses. 6 Evidence of Learning Connectedness: Applies real-life experience to poems studied Deep Understanding: Demonstrates a meaningful understanding of the poem Problematic Knowledge: Consider and reflect upon the multiple perspectives of Dawe’s poetry Connectedness: Students consider own response to poems Journal Responses Outcomes/ Content EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Week 3: Substantive Communication: Group discussion and notes on poem CONTENT: POEM: “HOMO SUBURBIENSIS”; CREATIVE WRITING; SONNET WRITING Metalanguage: Discovering correct terminology when discussing sonnets Lessons 1–2: “Homo Surburbiensis” Connectedness: Links to real-life experience This poem describes a man in an Australian setting (his backyard) and considers his spiritual condition. Dawe uses the traditional sonnet form for this poem, emphasising the idea that the man is constrained by suburbia. The disorder of the man’s vegetable patch can be seen as symbolic of every individual’s desire for freedom from the toil and tedium of everyday life. Students read through information on sonnets to identify what features of the sonnet Dawe uses. https://www.dummies.com/education/language-arts/poetry/writinga-sonnet/ Deconstruct poem using SPECS and SLIMS to annotate. Connectedness: Links to real-life experience Higher-order Thinking: Students organise, reorganise, apply, analyse and evaluate during the composition of their narrative Higher-order Thinking: Students organise, reorganise, apply, analyse and evaluate during the composition of their sonnet Explicit Quality Criteria: Students are provided with a scaffold to guide them in their composition Homework Task: Journal Responses Students are told to: Stand in your own backyard at home and make notes about its appearance and how it makes you feel. Remember: even the most ordinary things can be interesting if you take the trouble to write in detail. Lesson 3: Creative Writing Bruce Dawe’s strength as a poet lies in his ability to create believable and fully- developed Australian characters and environments. Using the information collected for homework about their back yards, students are to write a 500 word description of this environment. Their writing should make use of poetic techniques to create vivid visual, aural and olfactory images, and to capture their 7 Outcomes/ Content Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning individual voices when writing. They consider their attitude towards the backyard and how to show this through language. Students deconstruct their creative pieces to identify the techniques that used to create meaning. They should use a highlighter to highlight the techniques that used and then complete a table to evaluate the composition for its strengths and weaknesses. The narrative is rewritten in light of the analysis, ensuring that it captures/ conveys a sense of each student’s voice. Lesson 4: Writing a Sonnet Using the descriptive piece from last lesson as inspiration students are to write a sonnet about the back yard, using both Dawe’s poem and information on sonnets as a scaffold to help plan and compose the sonnet. Homework: Students re-read the poem “Homo-suburbiensis” and complete the journal for homework. 1. What is the connection between Dawe’s life and the poem? 2. What is the significance of the title? 3. One of the requirements of a sonnet is completeness. The poet must convey the sense of having said all that needs to be said about the chosen topic. How has Dawe achieved this? 4. What is the effect of the arrangement of the poem? How is it divided up? 5. How does the syle of Dawe’s poetic language advance his examination of culture? 6. Is Dawe a moralist? EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a Week 5: Metalanguage: Using correct terms to discuss the language of the poem CONTENT: POEM: “WEAPONS TRAINING”; PORTFOLIO TASK 2 – SCRIPT WRITING & PERFORMANCE Substantive Communication: Group discussion and notes on poem 8 Outcomes/ Content range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates cultural assumptions in texts and their effects on meaning EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Lessons 1–2: “Weapons Training” Deeper Knowledge: Focusing on the key ideas and relationships between the poems Dawe adopts the persona of a drill sergeant in this poem to portray how men are trained to use devices that will kill other men. Dawe cleverly utilises the military idiom to develop a character who, in his encouragement of the dehumanisation process, is seen to be beyond redemption. Students experiment with voice whilst reading the poem aloud. How should this poem be read? Deconstruct poem using SPECS and SLIMS to annotate. Listen to a version of “Weapons Training” read aloud. Higher-order Thinking: Students organise, reorganise, apply, analyse and evaluate during the composition of their script and performance Deeper Understanding: Students develop a profound and meaningful understanding of the ideas in Dawe’s poems Journal Responses Lessons 3 - 4: Creativity: Script Writing & Performance The poems of Bruce Dawe, whilst having obvious traces of his historical context, still manage to be relevant today, particularly due to his focus on characters who are the “underdog” and themes that are significant to Western society. Working in groups of 3-4 students will be assigned a poem to transform into a play script. They consider how the language used by Dawe captures the voice of the persona and how this voice reflects his personality and values. They rehearse and perform your script for the class, ensuring that different character types are demonstrated through the use of voice. Homework: Students re-read the poem “Weapons Training” and complete the journal for homework. 1. How does listening to the poem aloud help you to understand Dawe’s ability to create distinctive Australian voices in his poems? 2. Consider the “silenced” voices and their reactions to the persona. Do they get to voice themselves at all? 3. Why has Dawe “silenced” the soldiers? 4. What does this silencing tell you about Dawe’s attitude to the persona? 9 Outcomes/ Content Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning 5. Write what the soldiers would say after the drill sergeant has left. 6. The speaker is undeniably Australian, how do you know this? Week 6: Note taking – structure and style CONTENT: Introduction to the Simple Gift; Characters; Plot structure EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates cultural assumptions in texts and their effects on meaning Lessons 1 - 2: “The Simple Gift” EN5-7D: understands and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and Teacher reading of opening chapter Poetry Forms - Free Verse novella: Free verse novels are also known as Vers libre and contain narrative poems that are separated into verse chapters called cantos. Free verse is not controlled by rhyming patterns and meaning is shaped by using the intonation (rises and falls in pitch) of everyday speech. Free verse novels use a variety of poetic techniques to create an image, atmosphere or mood. Using a colloquial register, a free verse novel is often told with multiple narrators from a variety of perspectives. This provides an opportunity for the responder to engage with the text and to gain an intimate knowledge of each character’s observations, thoughts and feelings. Free verse novels often explore contemporary issues and for this reason offer a sense of realism. In The Simple Gift Herrick reveals the personalities of the characters by using first person narrative for the three main characters, Billy, Old Bill and Caitlin. Readers share the thoughts and feelings of the characters as they give their perspective on the events in the story. The reader becomes a part of the story, the characters thoughts and actions become interactive, enhancing the reading experience. Herrick explores the social issues surrounding the homeless and offers a comparative study of ‘those who have’ and ‘those who have not’. Studying free verse as poetry: The free verse of Herrick is distinctly poetic. Each unique poem is interrelated with the next, with vibrant changes in perspective. Single events or incidents are given life through the different voices/personas adopted by Herrick. We will study The Simple Gift as a narrative, with all the key features of narrative technique; however, the poetic nature of the 10 Outcomes/ Content Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning prose will be the main focus. The Simple Gift represents all the critically about ideals of belonging, of choice, acceptance, difference and information and relationships. increasingly complex Pop Quiz ideas and arguments to Pop Quiz: respond to and compose Matching quotes with characters: Billy, Caitlin, Old Bill, Ernie texts in a range of a) ‘may you all get well and truly stuffed’ (p5) b) ‘I can read. I can dream.’ (p6) contexts c) ‘It was like stepping into heaven, no less than perfect.’ (p135) EN5-4B: effectively d) ‘I tell him to piss off, again, but he ignores me now.’ (p76) transfers knowledge, e) ‘with nothing you’re rich. You’ve got no decisions, no choice, and no skills and understanding worry.’ (p81) of language concepts into f) ‘I’m going to sit in this tub and drink myself stupid every weekend.’ (p12) new and different g) ‘I ask question after question but I can tell it’s a surprise’ (p177) contexts h) i) j) k) l) m) n) o) p) q) ‘My hands still shake from the drink or lack of it’ (p175) ‘from royalty to unemployment in a few generations.’ (p66) ‘I swore and laughed and swore some more’ (p136) ‘I couldn’t spend all that money on food, or beer, or myself.’ (p194) ‘I thought of what could happen and what I could want to happen.’ (p69) ‘and I fell with her and I’ve been falling ever since.’ (p98) ‘an old man before his time’ (p51) ‘Such perfect manners, eating scraps at McDonald’s.’ (p41) ‘I… decided I shouldn’t judge, not yet anyway.’ (p39) ‘I hadn’t thought of anything but how pleasant it was to sit with these people and to talk with them.’ (pp125-126) Homework: Character questions: Which characters make active choices to belong? Does Herrick suggest it is good to run away from problems? Does Herrick find any good in adults? Why would Old Bill not return to his previous life? Why would Herrick leave the ending open with no clear resolution? 11 Character Questions Outcomes/ Content Teaching and Learning In your imagination, take yourself to a place where you feel you belong. Describe that place in such a way as to convey your sense Evidence of Learning Group Work and class discussion activity – plot cards of belonging. Analysis of ideas Lesson 3 and 4: EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates Plot structure and class discussion activity: Students will work in groups to map out the plot structure of “The Simple Gift” on the pin board using the laminated cards provided by the teacher. They are to work together to ensure that the plot structure is in the correct order. Discuss exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, denouement as part of the narrative structure of texts. Following this, discuss with students appropriate ways to group the plot structure other than the generic narrative structure they have just discussed. Could they call one section “problems resolved” or “relationship building” or “making decisions”. Add these new terms above and around the plot structure displayed on the board. Students must support their ideas with key events, characters and quotes that lead to informed analysis. https://prezi.com/vbjywm2sznwk/the-simple-giftexploring-transitions-hsc/ Week 7: CONTENT: Development of Themes Through Character: Belonging, Redemption & The Atypical Character; Short Answer. Working on Assessment Lesson 1: Application of analysis Application of Psycho-analytic theory to understand Texts: - Freudian: Dabrowski’s 3x stages of Personal Dis-integration. Show Power-Point. Students to apply this analysis to other stories/texts. Group Work – discussion and participation 12 Outcomes/ Content cultural assumptions in texts and their effects on meaning EN5-7D: understands and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts EN5-4B: effectively transfers knowledge, skills and understanding of language concepts into new and different contexts Teaching and Learning Group-Pair-Share: How can the psycho-analytic theory explain the character’s development? (Maybe poster activity to get some visual learning?) Group 1 – Caitlin Group 2- Bill Group 3- Old bill EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a Class debate Lesson 3-4: Belonging & Redemption / Discursive prep: Persuasive/Discursive text Students will participate in a Class Discussion on: Which is the greater force – a desire to seek belonging or to redeem? Students to prepare a discursive text to the following prompt: It is redemption that propels one along their journey of discovery. (Rebuttal game). Direct instruction of structural features of each form. The A-typical character/ hero as a structural device to create meaning. Discuss the literary heritage of this plot device, and how authors have used this to nuance the ideas, and create authenticity. Compare the ‘typical’, or stereotypical version of for the 3 characters. For each Character: Caitlin, Bill, Old Bill. Quote collection concept wall: Explore how subverting this expectation has allowed Herrick to develop the texts themes, ideas, & perspectives. How is this characterisation developed: Dialogue, description of place, description of events? : Evidence of Learning Week 8: CONTENT: The authorial use of place to develop themes & ideas within the text. 13 Comparison of character type Characterisation and quote collection Working on Assessment Outcomes/ Content range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates cultural assumptions in texts and their effects on meaning EN5-7D: understands and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts EN5-4B: effectively transfers knowledge, skills and understanding of language concepts into Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Lesson 1: Introducing the different ways that authors use setting. ‘Setting, Character, and Interaction’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jGqbF9fWNs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FuT8WtoAK0 TEXT: https://www1.essex.ac.uk/outreach/documents/settingliterature-creative-writing.pdf Annotations Read the extracts from the TEXT. Annotate how the interaction with setting develops for mood, action, & character traits. How has Herrick used the interactions with the setting to develop meaning within the text? Analytical responses Creative Writing activity from extracts of T.S.G: Insert a description of a new setting from an existing, or new character. Creative Writing Lesson 2: ‘Setting as Camera’ Reflective paragraph Class discussion Read extracts from TEXT. Annotate the extracts use of perspective. Provide an example from T.S.G and explain how Herrick has utilised perspective to develop meaning. Lesson 3 ‘Setting as Mood & Symbol’ Read extracts from TEXT. Identify and annotate where the mood is developed through symbols. 14 Outcomes/ Content new and different contexts Teaching and Learning Evidence of Learning Discuss how Herrick has utilised symbols & setting to develop mood, and themes within his text. Select a key scene with T.S.G, change the setting, and/or event of the scene with the intention of maintain the same mood, and themes. Provide a reflective paragraph justifying your authorial decisions. Share. Lesson 4: Setting as Action Read excerpt from TEXT. Discuss how the setting backgrounds and develops much of the meaning. Copy and Paste a section into ‘rewordify.com’. Isolate the parts of speech as discussion tool to explore how adjectives/adverbs etc are used effectively. Chapter 9 ‘Lock & Keys’ – How has Herrick used the setting as a structural device to propel the story? EN5-3D: selects and uses language forms, features and structures of texts appropriate to a range of purposes, audiences and contexts, describing and explaining their effects on meaning Week 9: CONTENT: Portfolio Task 4 Discursive Lesson 1 - 3: Working on Assessment Lesson 4: 15 Discursive Writing – assessment Outcomes/ Content EN5-8D: questions, challenges and evaluates cultural assumptions in texts and their effects on meaning Teaching and Learning Review of the Unit Peer feedback Student reflection EN5-5C: thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of contexts EN5-4B: effectively transfers knowledge, skills and understanding of language concepts into new and different contexts RESOURCES: Evidence of Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jGqbF9fWNs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FuT8WtoAK0 TEXT: https://www1.essex.ac.uk/outreach/documents/setting-literature-creative-writing.pdf 16 17