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STABALIZATION OF SUBGRADE SOIL USING SUGARCANE
BAGASSE ASH (SCBA)
Chandra Pachori1, Ajeet Saxena2
1Student,
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Radharaman Engineering College (REC), Bhopal M.P, India
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Radharaman Engineering College (REC), Bhopal M.P, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2Professor,
Abstract - Soil is basic and an important element in Civil Engineering field. Stability of every structure depends on the type and
characteristics of foundation which in turn depends on the type of soil. Because of its shrinkage and swelling properties, many
problems irrupt if sweeping soil, Natural soil is to be used in foundation. There are numerous strategies to make normal soil stable
for different developments. Normal soil is agreeable for street work, contrasted with different kinds of soil. There are two
approaches to improve the nature of subgrade soil - "Substitution of soil" or "Soil adjustment". Soil adjustment should be possible
synthetically or mechanically. Synthetic adjustment is done by including distinctive chemicals in reasonable extent, while
Mechanical adjustment is accomplished by expansion of admixtures which enhances the properties of soil. In this paper we are
presenting literatuire survey related to advances in soil engineering, utilizationnof waste materails
Key Words: soil, stability, development, review, literature, foundation, swell.
1. INTRODUCTION
The present whole routine with regards to significant street development over profound layer of normal soil subgrade has all
the earmarks of being preservationist lacking specialized and money related streamlining. It is therefore, realized that for the
major road construction in natural soil subgrade areas, an alternative approach needs to be made to evolve a pavement
subgrade system, that will ensure its effectiveness with respect to both no traffic load condition and maximum traffic load
condition along with its simple, easy, economic and durable construction.
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) is the organic waste obtained from the burning of bagasse in Sugar mills. The side-effect or
deposit of processing sugarcane is bagasse (the fiber of the stick) in which the leftover juice and the dampness from the
extraction procedure remain. The sugar processing plants introduce an issue of taking care of the tremendous heft of this
material. Sugarcane bagasse cinder demonstrates the nearness of undefined silica, which means that pozolonic properties,
capable in holding the dirt grains together for better shear quality. The utilization of Sugarcane bagasse slag as settling material
for normal soil can be checked under different tests, for example, grain measure circulation, fluid farthest point, plastic cutoff,
Plasticity file, Specific gravity, OMC, MDD, Swelling weight and California bearing proportion (CBR) for drenched and unsoaked
conditions. In present study use of sugarcane bagasse ash are used as admixtures for Mechanical stabilization of soil subgrade.
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) help to improve important properties like plasticity, swelling and CBR by addition of these
admixtures upto 30%. Admixtures used in powder form, mixed with soil in various ratios to modify the properties and to study
the change in soil properties.
Today, world faces a serious problem of disposal of large quantities of agricultural and industrial waste like Sugarcane bagasse
ash etc. The disposal of these wastes without proper attention creates hazardous impact on environmental health. So
Sugarcane bagasse ash is used in this project because these waste materials are also low cost.
The natural soil behaves like an Expansive soil or cracking soil because these have tendency of shrinking and cracking when
moisture content decreases and also have tendency of swelling when moisture content increases. The moisture may come from
water leakage or sewer lines, rain, flooding. Soil generally exhibits these properties, when it contains montmorillonite clay
minerals.
The Engineering properties of Natural soil includes plasticity characteristics, compaction properties, volume stability its
strength may be enhanced by adding materials such as, Sugarcane bagasse ash, cement, sodium chloride etc. The adjustments
in properties of these dirt’s basically rely on the sort and measure of fastener, curing conditions, time, natural issue content and
the level of mud.
2. HEADING 2
Debarati Jana, S. Yamini & Pavan Kumar N. (2018):- Soil is very important in civil engineering construction. The poor
engineering property of local soil provides difficulties for construction and therefore its need to improve their engineering
properties. These include soil replacement, preloading, and chemical stabilization. Soils are may classify different types (sandy,
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silty, loamy, and peaty, clay, chalky) in this present study, we considered sandy red soil; and by using sugarcane fibres, lime
admixture to improve the strength of soil. This study was oriented towards improving the strength of soil by using locally
available agricultural fibres to reduce the construction cost. The strengthening agent like Sugarcane fibres (SCF) is added in the
soil. The addition of sugarcane fibres with lime, increases specific gravity consistently from 2.34 to 2.42,liquid limit consistently
from 28.80 to 29.02, plastic limit value has increased from 22.5 to 28.83,the CBR test consistently from 3.34 % to 5.68%.Further
research could be carried out on the investigation on the Strength of the Soil under different admixtures such as we can even
strengthen the soil by adding different admixtures like fly ash, marble dust, egg shell, quarry dust.
Er. Manish Kumar Suman, Er. Sumit Shringi & Dr. Biswajit Acharya (2018):- This study analyses the use of lime and sugar
cane bagasse ash (SCBA) as chemical stabilizers in compacted soil blocks. The blocks were tested for flexure and compression in
a dry and a saturated state. The tests were performed at 7, 14 and 28 days of age in order to evaluate the effects of the addition of
lime and SCBA on the mechanical properties of the compacted soil blocks. The results indicate that blocks manufactured with
10% of lime in combination with 10% of SCBA showed better performance than those containing only lime. It was also
concluded that the combination of SCBA and lime as a replacement for cement in the stabilization of compacted soil blocks seems
to be a promising alternative when considering issues of energy consumption and pollution. The results showed that sugarcane
Bagasse ash improved the geotechnical properties of the soil samples. Sugarcane bagasse ash was therefore found as an effective
stabilizer for sub grade soils. With increase percentage of bagasse ash, moisture content of soil samples decreases while dry
density increases. Increasing percentage of bagasse ash increase the specific gravity of soil samples and decreases the water
content. Liquid limit continuously decreases with increasing percentage of bagasse ash.
Sudipta Adhikary & Koyel Jana (2016:- Rice Husk Ash may be a pozzolanic material that might be doubtless utilized in Soil
stabilization, although it's moderately created and freely accessible. Once Rice-Husk is burnt below controlled temperature, ash
is created associate degree concerning terrorist organization 25% of Rice Husk’s weight. The progress of the Geo-Technical
properties of the fine grain soil with fluctuated rates of RHA was through with the encourage of shifted institutionalize research
centre tests. The testing program led on mother soil tests by blended with minor rates of rice-husk materials, it's implanted
Atterberg limits, "California Bearing Ratio(CBR)", "Unconfined Compressive Strength (U.C.S)" , and "Standard Proctor check ".It
was discovered that a general diminishing inside the most dry thickness (MDD) and increment in ideal wetness content (OMC) is
appeared with increment of the odds (%) of RHA content and there was conjointly a noteworthy change appeared in CBR and
UCS esteems with the ascent in percentages(%) of RHA.
Shyambhushan, Rajesh Kumar & VedParkash (2015):- Soil stabilization has become a significant issue in construction
engineering and therefore the researches concerning the effectiveness of exploitation industrial wastes are speedily increasing.
This experimental work concisely describes the quality of the regionally accessible Rice Husk Ash (RHA) to be utilized in the
native housing industry in an exceedingly thanks to minimize the number of waste to be disposed to the atmosphere inflicting
environmental pollution. The common soil stabilization techniques are getting expensive day by day owing to the increase of
price of the helpful agents like, cement, lime, etc. the price of stabilization is also reduced by replacement an honest proportion of
helpful agent exploitation RHA. It’ll minimize the environmental hazards conjointly. Soil sample taken for the study is clay with
medium physical property that actually needs to be reinforced. The soil is stable with totally different percentages of Rice Husk
Ash and little quantity of Stone dirt.
Dilip Shrivastava , Singhai and Yadav (2014):- Black Cotton Soils show high swelling and contracting once presented to
changes in wetness content and thereupon are observed to be most hard from designing issues. This conduct is credited to the
nearness of a mineral montmorillonite. The wide unfold of the black cotton soil has display challenges and issues to the
development activities. To encounter with it, innovative and non-traditional analysis on waste utilization is gaining importance
currently a day. Soil improvement exploitation the waste product like Slags, Rice husk ash, oxide fume etc., in geotechnical
engineering has been in observe from environmental purpose of read.
Rakesh Kumar and P.K. Jain (2013):- Different ground improvement techniques have been proposed in the literature to work
with this soil and are found to be successful to some degree. In terribly soft soils this lateral confinement might not be adequate
and also the formation of the granular pile itself could also be uncertain. Wrapping the granular pile with appropriate geogrid is
one among the techniques to enhance the performance of granular piles. The author created a trial to analysis the advance of
load carrying capability of granular pile with and whereas not geogrid envelopment through laboratory model tests conducted
on single granular pile place in in expansive clay bed prepared in controlled condition in very little testing tanks. Tests were
performed with wholly completely different diameter of granular piles with and whereas not geogrid envelopment. The results
from the load tests indicated a clear improvement among the load carrying capability of clay, with granular pile and with cased
granular pile. The rise within the load carrying capability conjointly will increase because the diameter of the granular pile will
increase. Thus complete in their study of ground improvement techniques that the development of granular piles in expansive
soil improves the load carrying capability of the soil.
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Mihai Iliescu and IoanRatiu (2012):- The bearing capability could also be accumulated by excavation and replacement of the
soft material, chemical stabilization by exploitation chalk or by victimization geosynthetics. Placed between the subgrade and
base course, or among very cheap course, the geosynthetic improves the performance of unpaved roads carrying channelized
traffic and unpaved areas subjected to random traffic. They in their paper devised a brand new style methodology for helpful a
road subgrade exploitation geogrid reinforcement. In their experiments, they found out that geogrids can improve the
performance of the Subgrade soil. They carried out extensive static and dynamic plate bearing tests on different conditions based
on the results of trial and the membrane theory of Giroud & Noiray, they developed design graphs for multifunctional geogrids in
unpaved and temporary road.
Singh and Gill (2012):- Strengthened soils are usually treated as composite materials in with reinforcement resisting tensile
stress and interacting with soil through friction. Though there is heap of knowledge and knowledge with geo-synthetic
reinforcement of sub-grade soils, several pavement failures still occur. These failures could also be as a result of lack of
understanding of however these materials influence the engineering properties of sub-grade soils and what the optimum
position of reinforcement. It is a compressive laboratory program is required to ascertain strength characteristics of every strong
and un-reinforced sub-grade soils jointly to investigate their behaviours beneath cycle leading.
Purbi Sen. et al (2011):- To studied the consequences of assorted domestically out their stabilizing agents like OPC, Sugarcane
pulp ash and Rice husk ash are studied for strength improvement. They have used Compaction, Atterberg’s limit, UCS tests for
these purposes. Specimens were prepared by mixing varying proportions stabilizers with clayey soils separately. UCS and
Atterberg limits of the soils were determined separately once natural process specimens for 7 days. Hydraulic cement provides
UCS strength is around 28 kg/cm2 that are satisfactory for road use beneath Indian climatically condition. 7 days peak strength
of soil-Sugarcane ash specimen was found at 7.5% Sugarcane ash content.
A.K.Choudhary et.al (2011):- To study for placed multiple layers of reinforcement on a level plane at indicated vertical
separating inside the subgrade and in this manner deciding their relative positions for two distinct sorts of fortification to be
specific geogrid and jute geotextile. The quantity of strengthening layers was differed from 1 to 4. It found that the development
quantitative connection diminishes once the dirt is supported with single layer and continues diminishing with increment in
assortment of strengthening layer however this abatement is vital just of jute geotextile and minimal in the event of geogrid
which infers inclusion of fortification controls swelling of soil. The CBR tests were led with both unreinforced and in addition
fortified examples with differing number of strengthening layers and support composes and found that the CBR estimation of the
dirt likewise increments with increment in number of fortifying layers. Encourage it completely was discovered that geogrid give
higher strengthening effectiveness than jute geotextile anyway it are regularly productively abused in low value street venture.
SarikaDhule et.al (2011):- According to this study, weaker soils are generally clayey and expansive in nature which is having
lesser strength characteristics. Technique of enhancing the property of the soil with geogrid will increase the stiffness and load
carrying capability of the soil through fragmentary interaction between the soil and geogrid material up black cotton soil. In this
experimental work change the properties of weak subgrade soil by addition of geogrid in many proportions i.e. 1%, 2%, 2.5%
and 3%. Similarly she also studied improvement in properties of soft murrum by adding geogrid. Also geogrid was used in mix of
soil and 2% cement in different proportions to study its effect. With every one of these endeavours she discovers, ideal blends
which are to be utilized for assist development to accomplish wanted soundness and economy in development. For this reason
diverse tests were performed i.e. strainer investigation, fluid farthest point, Plastic utmost, Standard delegate test to locate its
most extreme water substance and greatest dry thickness, particular gravity, Laboratory Unsoaked California Bearing Ratio
(CBR) and Laboratory drenched CBR test to discover it protection from entrance. For various level of geogrid with soil, murrum
and concrete practical cost examination was completed. Most temperate blend with geogrid is proposed by this investigation. It
additionally found that the CBR esteem increments with option of geogrid. Again with expansion of this work she additionally
found the impact on CBR estimation of murrum with 2% bond and diverse level of geogrid. As per the test work CBR esteem
found by expansion of 2.5% geogrid is more than some other.
Azadegan & Pourebrahim (2010):- To considered the impact of geogrids on compressive quality and Elastic Modulus of Lime
or Cement treated soil with a specific end goal to discover the impact of geogrid applications, on the geotechnical conduct of
lime/concrete regarded soil utilized as base, sub-base or auxiliary establishment materials. Study has been performed on
compressive treated soil test with or without geogrid layers and found that once there's an addition in modulus of versatility and
the attachment, made by pozzolanic response of lime and bond, viewpoint misshaping of the chamber declines and in this
manner the pressure made in support and furthermore the imprisonment powers would diminish as well.
Naeini& R. Moayed (2009):- In this study they arranged three kinds of soil tests with various level of bentonite on which CBR
tests were conveyed with or without geogrid support in one or multilayer. Result demonstrates that expansion in versatility list
diminishes the CBR esteem in both doused and unsoaked condition. CBR can be extensively expanded by utilizing geogrid
support in two layers when contrasted and unreinforced, yet less esteem when contrasted and single layered fortification.
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Kowalski et al. (2007):- Portland cement is hydraulic cement made by heating limestone and clay mixture in a kiln and
pulverizing the resulting material which can be used either to modify or to improve the quality of the soil or to rework the soil
into a cemented mass with exaggerated strength and sturdiness. The amount of cement used will depend upon whether or not or
not the soil is to be modified or stabilized.
Edil et al (2006):- The effect of Rice husk ash on soil was investigated by the tests were conducted like Atterberg’s Limits, CBR
test. It was evaluated the effectiveness of self-cementing Rice husk ashes from combustion of sub-bituminous coal at electrical
power plants for stabilization of soppy fine grained soils. Tests were conducted on soil and soil-Rice husk ash mixtures ready at
completely different water contents. The results indicated that, addition of Rice husk ash appreciably increased CBR and resilient
modulus of soils.
J.N. Jha (2006):- Effect of (RHA +Sugarcane bagasse ash) on soil was studied by The tests like Compaction, CBR and UCS test
were directed and assess the viability of utilizing rice husk powder as a pozzolana to improve the Sugarcane bagasse fiery debris
treatment of soil. The Studies did to ponder the impact of various blended extents of Sugarcane bagasse fiery debris and RHA on
different properties of the dirt. The outcome demonstrates that expansion of RHA improves quality advancements as well as it
builds toughness of Sugarcane bagasse fiery debris balanced out soils.
3. CONCLUSION
Here it is observed that in past literature authors elaborated the soil properties using different materials and technique but none
of them utilizes Sugar cane baggase ash.
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