THE MINANGKABAU PEOPLE NIK HASANAH BINTI NIK AKMAR YUSFEE (2018248326) NATILI HUSNA BINTI MOHD. FAUZI (2018227498) NURUL MIRA IDANI BINTI IDRIS (2018262008) INTRODUCTION • Origin of the word Minangkabau 1. The word Minangkabau is a conjunction of the word “Minang” (menang/victorious) and “Kabau” (kerbau/buffalo). 2. Comes from the legend of a buffalo fight between Majapahit and West Sumatran • At the beginning of the 14th century, the Minangkabau people arrived in Negeri Sembilan via Malacca and reached Rembau • The Biduanda tribe is their descendant (the marriage between Minangkabau and the native people) • It was from the Biduanda tribe that the chiefs of Negeri Sembilan were called 'Chiefs’ (Penghulu) and later 'Laws’ (Undang) • The customary laws of the Minangkabau people is Adat Perpatih – a combination of practices and rules of life TRIBES IN NEGERI SEMBILAN 1. BIDUANDA (DONDO) 2. BATU HAMPAR (TOMPAR) 3. PAYA KUMBUH (PAYO KUMBOH) 4. MUNGKAL 5. TIGA NENEK 6. SERI MELENGGANG (SOMOLENGGANG) 7. SERI LEMAK (SOLOMAK) 8. BATU BELANG 9. TANAH DATAR 10.ANAK ACHEH 11.ANAK MELAKA 12.TIGA BATU METHODOLOGY TYPE OF RESEARCH: Qualitative DATA FORM: Interviews DATE: 25TH OCTOBER 2019 LOCATION: PRESINT 8, PUTRAJAYA RESPONDENTS’ PROFILE NAME: NUR AMIRA HANIM BT MD RADZI AGE: 20 YEARS OLD RELATION: NIECE/GRANDCHILD STATUS: UNIVERSITY OF CYBERJAYA’S (UOC) STUDENT TRIBE: NONE NAME: NOR HAIDA BT HASHIM AGE: 42 YEARS OLD RELATION: AUNTIE/DAUGHTER STATUS: SMK PRESINT 5(1) SCHOOL COUNSELLOR TRIBE: SERI MELENGGANG NAME: MALIAH BT ABD SAMAD AGE: 73 YEARS OLD RELATION: MOTHER/GRANDMOTHER STATUS: FULL-TIME HOUSEWIFE TRIBE: SERI MELENGGANG CUSTOMARY LAWS ADAT PERPATIH (MATRILINEAL CUSTOM) ADAT TEMENGGUNG (PATRILINEAL CUSTOM) Applicable in Negeri Sembilan and Naning in Melaka only Applicable in all states in Malaysia except for Negeri Sembilan Favorable to women (matrilineal - property and title are inherited by the female lineage) Favorable to men (patrilineal - property and title are inherited by the male lineage) Ancestral properties such as land , lineage , inheritance and election of members of YDP and lembaga are assigned to female members. Adat Temenggung holds the same rules in the distribution of inheritance as the Quran. This is why this customary law is accepted in the Malay society The properties that the female members holds will passes through all the ancestry female members of Adat Perpatih customary law. Men are allowed to marry anyone as long as it follows the Syariah laws Men in Adat Perpatih does not belong to any properties. A man is considered as from his mother's tribe until get married , once get married he belongs to his wife's tribe. Inter - tribal marriage is strictly offence in their adat perpatih custom law. Else, the women will not inherit the wealth (harta) and men will not inherit the position in a tribe (saka) Marriage in Minangkaba u TABOO Getting married with outsiders Getting married within the same tribe Expression of feelings and opinions I think, it is okay for the rules to “How do you have some and the changes bring feel about the people ease in getting married and are more Islamic rule abiding. As rules being long as everything is making people easier in their matters, there is no unfollowed by harm in not following certain rules. the newer (2R) The rules have not been generations?” maintained and unfollowed by the younger generations but in my opinion the changes occurred are for the better of the tribes in Negeri Sembilan. (1R) Past Present Future • decisions according to the traditions and customs from the old tribe rules • started to gain awareness in abiding religious rules rather than original rules • they have showed a tendency to keep adjusting the rules accordance to situation and proper measures Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck: Cultural value of time orientation • Passed down from mother to a daughter. (land, house or livestock) • The former one follows principles of Adat and the latter Islamic law INHERITANCE • Always considered as leader of family has responsibility to lead the course of the family. • Long-time orientation – still practice this unique culture till today (Tampin, Seri Menanti and Jelebu) • Protect female’s right so that it is protected. • A father can pass earning from the business or profession to son. • The latter one adapt the Islam rule (A lot of the tribes follow the Islam rule) Does Male Get Anything? • Male gets more property than females because they have any other responsibilities and also taking care of the family • Females still get their own deserves property and they can keep it to themselves. (They don’t have any other responsibilities or taking care of the family)
