International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Use of Natural and Artificial Multimedia Filter as an Adsorbent for
Filtration of Sewage Waste Water
Prof. Anupama Kharche1, Mayuri Dhomane2, Prachi Mutyalwar3, Vandana Gochade4,
Samiksha Pangare5
1,2,3,4,5Dept.
of civil Engineering, Dr. D.Y.Patil.S.O.E.T. Lohegoan, Pune
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Abstract - Water is one of the most important elements involved in the created and development of healthy life. It is our
responsibility to manage this resource , not only as a social , industrial and commercial good but also for the benefit of all present
and future living matter , this paper review the used of low cost natural and artificial integrated multimedia filter combination of
green coconut shells and plastic scrubber for the filtration of sewage waste water . A laboratory scale multimedia filter model
consisting of two reactors placed in series was development for treatment of sewage waste water two reactors were packed with a
different combination of packing media such as plastic scrubber and green coconut shells. The results obtained from this
experimental study removed BOD, COD, TS and ph.
Key Words: sewage waste water, plastic scrubber, Green coconut shell etc.
1. INTRODUCTION
Wastewater engineering is the branch of environmental engineering in which the basic principles of science and
engineering are applied to solve the issues associated with the treatment and reuse of wastewater. The ultimate goal of
wastewater engineering is the protection of public health in a manner commensurate with environmental, economic, social and
political concerns. When untreated wastewater accumulates and is allowed to go septic, the decomposition of the organic
matter it contains, will lead to nuisance conditions including the production of malodorous gases. In addition, untreated
wastewater contains numerous pathogenic microorganisms that dwell in the human intestinal tract. Wastewater also contains
nutrients, which can stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and may contain toxic compounds or compounds that potentially
may be mutagenic or carcinogenic. For these reasons, the immediate and nuisance-free removal of wastewater from its sources
of generation, followed by treatment, reuse, or dispersal into the environment is necessary to protect public health and the
environment. In this paper study about treatment of wastewater using natural and artificial multimedia filter was carried out to
achieve optimum cleaning
1.1 OBJECTIVES
Considering the requirements of wastewater treatment system to be economical and simple in operation, the study will be
under taken with following objectives.

To study the feasibility of treatment of domestic wastewater using integrated multimedia filter.

To study the performance of integrated multimedia filter packed with artificial and natural filter media.

To study the treatment efficiency of selected parameters like BOD, COD, pH and TS for treating effluent using
integrated multimedia filter packed with artificial and natural media.

To study the efficiency of treatment using different media and their combinations.
1.2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The complete system works on the principle of attached growth process, where bacteria are responsible for degradation
of the contaminants. The performance of the model will observe by using different types of natural and artificial filter media. In
all, three trials will carry out to judge the performance of treatment unit. The various combinations of natural and artificial
media will use in the study. The model will operate for varying detention time of 08 hours to 20 hours with an increment of 2
hours. The model will fed with medium strength domestic wastewater from Dr. Ajeenkya D .Y. Patil University campus.
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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
1.3 MATERIAL AND METHODS
Filter media a filter media is one of the prime components in the multimedia filter system as it provides large surface
area to enhance the microbial growth. Efficiency of multimedia filter depends upon the types of media, sizes, surface
porosity and roughness of filter media. Therefore the selection of a suitable filter media is critical part in the design of
operation and multimedia filter process, in order to obtain the higher removal efficiency. In the present study different types of
two media were used such as green coconut shells and plastic scrubbers (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). The laboratory scale model was
fabricated with HDPE sheet (high density polyethylene) and consists of two reactors placed in series with up flow and down
flow regime the total reactor volume was of 150 liters capacity. The model was based on the principle of attached growth
system. Two reactors were packed with different packing media of different sizes. The depth of the media was kept
accordingly. The inlet and outlet arrangement were provided at appropriate locations.
The sewage wastewater was fed into inlet tank the wastewater from inlet tank enters the inlet chamber and flows in sequence
i.e. from the first reactor to the last reactor and then enters the collecting chamber and was collected from the outlet. The
wastewater from the inlet chamber enters the first reactor through the perforated PVC pipes. The perforated PVC pipes were
provided so as to provide uniform distribution throughout the reactor. The wastewater thus passes uniformly through the first
reactor and gets partially treated and enters the second reactor. The wastewater which was partially treated in the first reactor
moves to the second reactor in up flow regime. The wastewater thus rises uniformly at the same time it gets treated. The
wastewater thus passes uniformly through the second reactor and gets treated and enters the collecting chamber by the up
flow movement. The wastewater was collected in the collecting chamber and after reaching the outlet level the treated effluent
was collected in the outlet tank. The model was packed with green coconut shells and plastic scrubbers as packing media in
layered configuration.
Fig.1.Green Coconut Shells
Fig.2. Plastic Scrubber
Table 1 : Flow regime the two reactors of the model
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Reactor
Flow regime
1st
Down flow
2nd
Up flow
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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
During the study, the effluent was collected in the collection tank and was analyzed for various parameters such as pH,
BOD, COD and TS. Throughout the study the multimedia filter was operated for varying detention time of 12hrs, 18hrs and
24hrs. It was observed that removal efficiency for BOD was 54.9% , COD was 57.8% and TS was 73.1% for 20 hours of
detention time. The multimedia filter process gave best result for TS removal. It is observed that after 20hr of treatment there
is no significant changes in removal of all parameter
Table 2: Performance of the model at 20 hours detention time
Sr.
No
Raw sewage
Treated sewage
Percent increase/Removal
BOD
COD
TS
BOD
COD
TS
BOD
COD
TS
1
200
320
218
98
95
65
51
70
70
2
227
378
296
101
110
78
55
71
74
3
243
349
312
106
152
82
56
56
74
4
197
401
345
86
192
90
56
52
74
5
293
312
381
125
148
102
57
53
73
6
246
386
375
116
118
96
52
69
74
7
258
394
365
120
184
101
53
53
72
8
230
406
256
108
195
69
53
52
73
9
188
367
355
80
168
92
57
54
74
10
278
342
358
112
178
97
59
48
73
3. CONCLUSION
Multimedia filtration technology has potential for application to small-scale systems. Multi-media filters are the recent
development in the filtration technology which involves use of multiple media other than the conventional media as opposed to sand
used in the conventional sand filters. It can also be concluded from the study that the multimedia filter may be considered as efficient
treatment process for domestic wastewater. The recent developments in the media types such as coconut shell and plastic scrubber
have expanded new areas for study. Also the above media may enhance the performance of the treatment system. Hence this
technology is environment friendly and cost effective
4. REFERENCES
1.
Gulhane And Charpe, “Multimedia Filter For Domestic Waste Water Treatment”, Journal Of Enviromental Research And
Development, Vol.9 No.3a,(2015).
2.
Gulhane And Yadav,“perfomance Of The Modified Multimedia Filter For Domestic Waste Water Treatment ”,(2014)
3.
Vinod And Mahalingegowda, “Studies On Natural Fibrous Material As Submerged Aerated Beds For Waste Water Treatment”,
Elixir International Journal, ISSN:2229-712X, (2012).
4.
Jenssen And Krogstad, “Filter Bed Systems Treating Domestic Waste Water In The Nordic Countries Performance And Reuse Of
Filter Media”, Journal Of Ecological Engineering, (2010).
5.
Onyeka Nkwonta, “A Comparison Of Horizontal Roughing Filters And Vertical Roughing Filters In Wastewater Treatment Using
Gravel As A Filter Media”, International Journal Of The Physical Sciences, Vol.5(8), ISSN 1992-1950, (2010).
6.
Liu And Yang, “Study Of Municipal Wastewater Treatment With Oyster Shell As a biological Aerated Filter Medium ”, (2009)
7.
Ochieng And Otieno, “Verification Of Wegelin’s Design Criteria For Horizontal Flow Roughing Filters (HRFS)with Alternative
Filter Material”, Vol.32no.1, ISSN 1816-7950, (2006).
8.
Michele And Johannes, “Filter Media Expansion During Backwash: The Effect Of Biological Activity”, ISBN: 1-920-01728-3,
(2004).
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