Mr. Yescavage
Life Science
Study Guide
Do Not Write on this Study Guide. Write on the answer sheet.
Chapter 2 Cell Structure and Function
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Circle T or F on your answer sheet. Correct the False statements.
1. Diffusion is a type of active transport.
2. Animals use chlorophyll to produce glucose.
3. Only animals undergo respiration.
4. Glucose and oxygen are the result of respiration.
5. The cell theory is the result of the hypothesis and observation of one person.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Circle the correct letter on your answer
sheet.
6. Which function do the lipids in a cell control?
a. a protective membrane
c. transport
b. hold genetic information
d. communication
7. Which is NOT a macromolecule?
a. DNA
b. cholesterol
c. cellulose
d. water
8. Which letter best represents where nucleic acids would be found?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
9. Photosynthesis occurs at the cell level. Which organelle is necessary for photosynthesis?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. mitochondrion
b. chloroplasts
d. rough endoplasmic reticulum
10. What percent of human cells is made up of macromolecules that provide energy?
a. 11%
b. 15%
c. 25%
d. 74%
11. Which scientist belongs in the empty box?
a. Matthias Schleiden
b. Theodor Schwann
c. Rudolf Virchow
d. Robert Hooke
12. Which organelle prepares proteins into vesicles to transport from one area of a cell to another?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. mitochondrion
b. chloroplasts
d. rough endoplasmic reticulum
13. Which best explains the function of a cell membrane?
a. offers protection from the outside environment
b. provides a framework to help the cell move
c. transforms energy in the cell into ATP
d. removes viruses from inside the cell
14. Which is used to make proteins in the cell?
a. water
b. RNA
c. DNA
d. lipids
15. Which form of energy is necessary in photosynthesis?
a. ATP
c. glycolysis
b. lactic acid
d. light
16. Which substance is released as a waste product during photosynthesis?
a. glucose
c. cytoplasm
b. carbon dioxide
d. oxygen
17. Usually, the largest organelle in a cell is the ____.
a. chromatin
c. vacuole
b. nucleus
d. lysosome
18. What is the difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
a. Rough ER has lysosomes covering the organelle while smooth ER does not.
b. Rough ER has ribosomes covering the organelle while smooth ER does not.
c. Smooth ER releases energy while rough ER absorbs energy.
d. Rough ER is found on the inside of the cell while smooth ER is found on the outside of
the cell.
19. During periods of strenuous activity, muscle cells run low on ____.
a. oxygen
c. carbon dioxide
b. glucose
d. lactic acid
20. Active transport occurs when ____ is used to move substances through a membrane.
a. osmosis
c. diffusion
b. energy
d. chlorophyll
21. Which of these have prokaryotic cells?
a. snails
b. frogs
c. bacteria
d. food
22. The process that releases energy without using oxygen is ____.
a. photosynthesis
c. osmosis
b. respiration
d. fermentation
23. The passive transport of water through a membrane is ____.
a. osmosis
c. equilibrium
b. fermentation
d. active transport
24. Materials enter and leave the cell through openings in its ____.
a. organelles
c. membrane
b. DNA
d. chromatin
25. Diagram C is an example of ____.
a. diffusion
b. active transport
c. osmosis
d. equilibrium
26. Diagram F is an example of ____.
a. diffusion
b. active transport
c. osmosis
d. equilibrium
27. Diagram A is an example of ____.
a. diffusion
b. active transport
28. Diagram D is an example of ____.
a. exocytosis
b. active transport
c. osmosis
d. equilibrium
c. osmosis
d. equilibrium
29. Respiration is the process in which organisms break down food to release ____.
a. energy
c. sugar
b. nutrients
d. oxygen
30. Which of the following is NOT involved in photosynthesis or respiration?
a. water
c. chlorophyll
b. carbon dioxide
d. cytokinins
Completion
Complete each statement. Choose from the following words: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Cell Membrane,
Mitochondrion, Centrioles, Cell Wall, Chloroplasts, the Sun, Respiration, water, its size, osmosis.
31. In the animal cell shown, structure B is the ____________________.
32. In the animal cell shown, structure A is the ____________________.
33. In the animal cell shown, structure E is the ____________________.
34. In the animal cell shown, structure D is the _________________________.
35. In the animal cell shown, structure C is the ____________________.
36. A plant wilts as a result of the process of ____________________.
37. One property of a molecule that determines whether it will pass through a semipermeable membrane is
____________________.
38. The compound that moves through cell membranes by osmosis is ____________________.
39. The energy used in photosynthesis comes from ____________________.
40. ____________________ is important because it changes food energy into a form all cells can use.
Matching
Match each term with the correct description below.
a. cell membrane
e. Golgi bodies
b. vacuoles
f. mitochondria
c. cytoplasm
g. nucleus
d. cell wall
h. organelles
41. protects the cells of plants
42. flattened membranes that package proteins
43. structures within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
44. protective layer around all cells
45. directs all the activities of the cell
46. gelatinlike material inside cell membrane
Match each person with his discovery.
a. Theodor Schwann
b. Robert Hooke
c. Rudolph Virchow
d. Matthias Schleiden
47. Cells divide to make new cells.
48. Cork is made up of little empty boxes called cells.
49. All plants are made up of cells.
50. All animals are made up of cells.