Biology
Cell Reproduction
(Form A)
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. The chromosomes in your body
A. exist in 23 pairs.
B. each contain thousands of genes.
C. are about 40 percent DNA and 60 percent protein.
D. All of the above
2. A student can study a karyotype to learn about the
A. molecular structure of a chromosome.
B. genes that are present in a particular strand of DNA.
C. medical history of an individual.
D. chromosomes present in a somatic cell.
3. A diploid cell is one that
A. has two homologues of each chromosome.
B. is designated by the symbol 2n.
C. has chromosomes found in pairs.
D. All of the above
4. The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. The number of chromosomes found in a
human ovum is
A. 46.
B. 92.
C. 23.
D. 12.5.
5. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?
A. 4
C. 12
B. 8
D. 16
6. Binary fission
A. occurs when two cells collide with each other.
B. produces excess energy.
C. creates new species.
D. is the process by which bacteria reproduce.
7. The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell
is called
A. telophase.
B. metaphase.
C. anaphase.
D. prophase.
8. Refer to the illustration above. Which diagram shows the first step in cell division?
A. 1.
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
9. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
10. Refer to the illustration above. Which diagram shows chromosomes being pulled apart?
A. 1.
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
11. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cell division, each of the two new cells
formed from the original cell
A. gets 23 chromosomes.
B. grows new chromosomes from existing DNA.
C. gets a complete set of 46 chromosomes.
D. None of the above
12. As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the original cell during division
A. receives a few chromosomes from the original cell.
B. receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the original cell.
C. donates a chromosome to the original cell.
D. receives exactly half the chromosomes from the original cell.
13. Refer to the illustration above. Which of the following correctly indicates the order in which these events
occur?
A. “A,” “B,” “C,” “D”
B. “C,” “B,” “A,” “D”
C. “B,” “A,” “C,” “D”
D. “A,” “C,” “B,” “D”
14. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the chromosomes separate?
A. “A”
C. “C”
B. “B”
D. “D”
15. In plant cells, cell division is complete when
A. the chromosomes make exact copies of themselves.
B. spindle fibers are formed.
C. a new cell wall forms.
D. osmotic pressure is too low.
16. Mitosis is a process by which
A. DNA is replicated.
B. cytokinesis occurs.
C. cells grow in size.
D. a cell’s nucleus divides.
17. Separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes occurs during
A. mitosis.
C. meiosis II.
B. meiosis I
D. fertilization.
Diagrams A and B show cells from an organism with a diploid chromosome number of 4.
18. Refer to the illustration above. Which of the cells will be a diploid cell at the completion of division?
A. “A”
C. Both
B. “B”
D. Neither
19. Refer to the illustration above. Which of these cells is in the process of dividing to form gametes?
A. “A”
C. Both
“B”
B.
D. Neither
20. When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes
A. mutate in the first division.
B. produce new genes.
C. decrease in number.
D. exchange corresponding segments of DNA.
21. The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes
A. ensures that variation within a species never occurs.
B. acts as a source of variation within a species.
C. always produces genetic disorders.
D. is called crossing.
Essay
22. Refer to the illustration above. Identify the structure in the diagram and discuss its importance during
eukaryotic cell division. Write your answer in the space below.
23. What would happen if the chromosome number were not reduced before sexual reproduction? Write your
answer in the space below.
A
B
C
Sex Cell
No Crossing
Over
?
?
?
a
b
c
Parental Cell
?
?
?
Sex Cell
Crossing
Over
24.
The above drawing shows the formation of two sex cells from a parental cell.
Complete the picture by placing genes, symbolized by upper or lower case letters, on each unknown (?) sex
cell chromosome to show the possible sex cells that may be produced when crossing over does and does not
occur. Refer to your completed drawing to explain the significance of crossing over.
Biology - Cell Reproduction
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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ESSAY
22. ANS:
This is a chromosome, which is made of DNA. During mitosis, the process that precedes eukaryotic cell
division, the DNA replicates and the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei, each containing a complete set
of the cell's chromosomes. Following nuclear division, the cytoplasm divides with one nucleus moving to each
new cell. Thus, each new cell formed during cell division contains identical DNA.
DIF: Essay
23. ANS:
REF: 2.1.1
The number of chromosomes in the offspring would be double the number in the parents. The number and
characteristics of chromosomes in cells determine the traits of the organism. The organism would almost
certainly not survive the doubling of its chromosomes, and even if it did survive and reproduce, then the
number of chromosomes would become unmanageably large after only a few generations.
DIF:
Essay
REF: 2.1.1
24. ANS:
Without crossing over, all offspring would merely be unvaried combinations of the parental genetic material.
With crossing over, new combinations of genetic material are formed. The offspring now has characteristics
similar to but different than either parent.
A
B
C
a
b
c
Parental Cell
Sex Cell
Sex Cell
No Crossing over
A
B
C
DIF:
Essay
Or
a
b
c
REF: 2.1.1
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Crossing Over
Accept multiple answers
that include a mix of capital
and lower case letters