Ms. Knowles
Chs. 5 & 6 Cell Division Study Guide
Honors Biology
CHAPTER 1
 Objective SC.912.N.1.1: Define a problem based on a specific body of knowledge and demonstrate the scientific method to
investigate the problem.
Vocabulary
Control Group: ____________________________________________________________________________________
Independent Variable: ______________________________________________________________________________
Dependent Variable: ______________________________________________________________________________

What is the difference between a theory and a law?
CHAPTER 2
 Objective SC.912.L.18.12: Discuss the special properties of water that contribute to Earth’s sustainability as an environment
for life: cohesive behavior, ability to moderate temperature, expansion upon freezing, and versatility as a solvent.
Vocabulary
Hydrogen Bond: __________________________________________________________________________________________
Cohesion: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Adhesion: _______________________________________________________________________________________________

How does the polarity of water affect heat capacity?
 Objective SC.912.L.18.1: Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories of
biological macromolecules.
Vocabulary
Carbohydrates: __________________________________________________________________________________________
Lipids: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nucleic Acids: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Proteins: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
Enzyme: ________________________________________________________________________________________________

Explain the role of enzymes and how they affect chemical reactions.
CHAPTER 3
 Objective SC.912.L.14.1: Describe the scientific theory of cells (cell theory) and relate the history of its discovery to the
scientific process of science.
Vocabulary
Prokaryote: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Eukaryote: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Cell Membrane: __________________________________________________________________________________________

What organelles are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

What are the 3 distinguishing structural differences between plant and animal cells?
CHAPTERS 4
 Objective SC.912.L.19.9 Explain the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Vocabulary
ATP: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Photosynthesis: __________________________________________________________________________________________
Cellular Respiration: ______________________________________________________________________________________
Lactic Acid: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Why is aerobic respiration considered a more efficient use of glucose than anaerobic respiration?
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Ms. Knowles

Chs. 5 & 6 Cell Division Study Guide
Honors Biology
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration interrelated in terms of energy?
CHAPTERS 8
 Objective SC.912.L.16.3: Describe the basic process of DNA replication and how it relates to the transmission and
conservation of the genetic information.
Vocabulary
DNA Replication: _________________________________________________________________________________________
Protein synthesis: ________________________________________________________________________________________
Transcription: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Translation: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Genetic Code: ___________________________________________________________________________________________

What would be the complimentary DNA strand to the following: CGAAGTTCG

What is meant by universal genetic code?
 Objective SC.912.L.15.15: Describe how mutation and genetic recombination increase genetic variation.
Vocabulary
Mutation: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Frameshift Mutation: ______________________________________________________________________________________

How is it that some mutations in the DNA sequence result in change in an organism, while others do not?
CHAPTERS 5 & 6
 Objective SC.912.L.16.14: Describe the cell cycle, including the process of mitosis and its role in the formation of new cells
while maintaining chromosome number.
Vocabulary
Cell Cycle: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Interphase: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Mitosis: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Prophase: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Metaphase: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Anaphase: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Telophase: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Cytokinesis: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the purpose of chromosomes?

How does cytokinesis differ in plant cells and animal cells?
Label and draw the chromosome location in each of the circles below so that they correctly sequence the events of mitosis.
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Ms. Knowles
Chs. 5 & 6 Cell Division Study Guide
Honors Biology
 Objective SC.912.L.16.8: Explain the relationship between mutation, cell cycle, and uncontrolled cell growth potentially
resulting in cancer.
Vocabulary
Cyclins: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tumor: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Benign: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Malignant: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Cancer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

What causes cancer?
 Objective SC.912.L.16.16: Describe the process of meiosis, including independent assortment and crossing over. How does
reduction division result in haploid gametes?
Vocabulary
Meiosis: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tetrad: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Crossing over: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Meiosis I: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Meiosis II: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Diploid: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Haploid: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gamete: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fertilization: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the end result of meiosis?
 Objective SC.912.L.16.17: Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual
reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation.
Vocabulary
Sexual Reproduction: ______________________________________________________________________________________
Asexual Reproduction: _____________________________________________________________________________________

How many and what type of cells are produced by mitosis and meiosis?

Why is sexual reproduction evolutionarily advantageous over asexual reproduction?
On the diagram below, label the diploid cells, haploid cells, tetrad cell, and gametes. Then label Interphase, Meiosis I and
Meiosis II. Finally, indicate in which cell crossing over would occur.
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