Success Criteria:
****************************************************************
-I can identify the products and reactants in a word equation and use it write a
chemical equation. (2ai)
-I can identify the type of reaction based on a given equation. (1aiv)
**********************************************************************
Types of Reactions
Investigate:
1. A chemical reaction occurs when substances change to form new substances. There are
many chemical reactions that can occur. You have already observed some of them.
One way chemists group reactions is into the following 5 categories.
a. Synthesis
b. Decomposition
c. Double replacement
d. Single replacement
e. Combustion
^^What do the words synthesis and decomposition mean?
^^Look at the attached grouped equations sheet. Look for patterns in the groups and match
them to the categories above. Write the categories above each group on the sheet and tape
the sheet inside your journal.
2. In a synthesis reaction, two or more chemicals combine to form a compound. You
observed this type of reaction when you heated Mg ribbon. It combined with oxygen in
the air, ignited, and you were left with a white ash, magnesium oxide. Mg + O 2 MgO
^^Write the balance chemical equation.
^^How does this balanced equation demonstrate the law of conservation of
mass?
^^When writing a chemical equation, the states of the reactants and products
can be given. (s)=solid, (l)=liquid, (g)=gas, (aq)=aqueous, meaning in a water
solution. Write the balanced equation for the magnesium reaction with the
appropriate state symbols.
3. ^^Write the balanced equation for the following synthesis reactions:
a. Solid carbon burns in air (oxygen gas) to form carbon dioxide gas.
b. Hydrogen gas reacts with oxygen gas to form liquid water.
c. A piece of solid iron over time will react with oxygen to form iron (III) oxide.
d. A piece of solid sodium is dropped into a container of chlorine gas to produce
solid sodium chloride.
4. Fill a test tube about one third full of hydrogen peroxide. Add a small scoop of
manganese (IV) dioxide to the test tube. When a gas is being produced, light a wooden
splint and blow out the flame. Quickly insert the glowing splint into the test tube.
a. ^^Record the result in your journal.
b. ^^When a substance breaks down, into its component parts, the process is
called a decomposition reaction. Write a balanced equation for the
decomposition of H2O2 into H2O and O2.
5. Place a test tube in the test tube rack. Fill a test tube about half-full of silver nitrate
solution. Place a piece of copper wire into the test tube. Observe for several minutes as
the wire reacts with the solution.
a. ^^Record your observations in your journal.
b. ^^Write the balanced chemical equation for this single replacement reaction in
which copper replaces the silver in silver nitrate forming solid silver and aqueous
copper (I) nitrate.
6. Place a test tube in the test tube rack. Add one pipet full of a calcium chloride solution
to the test tube. Add one pipet full of sodium carbonate solution to the test tube.
a. ^^Record your observations in your journal.
b. ^^Write the balanced chemical equation for the double replacement reaction in
which aqueous calcium chloride and aqueous sodium carbonate reacted to form
solid calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium chloride.
7. Clean all equipment and the lab bench. Dispose of all chemicals and wash your hands.