1. Plants differ in animals in that their growth is
________.
a. determinate
b. indeterminate
2. Plant meristems _______________.
a. offer structural support to reproductive
organs
b. generate new cells for growth and
control the developmental phases of
plants
c. are only located at the young growing
tips of branches
d. are the cells adjacent to the stomata
3. As a woody stem grows, the epidermis is lost
and its function is taken over by the ________.
a. periderm
b. pericycle
c. ground tissue
d. vascular cambium
e. secondary phloem
4. Which of the following adaptations allows for
transport of water in woody stems?
a. vessel elements
b. the pericycle
c. pneumatophores
d. sieve-tube elements
e. bundle-sheath cells
5. The endodermis __________.
a. protects the stem’s vascular cambium
from insect damage and pathogens
b. is the layer of cells from which later
roots develop
c. is a root tissue that selectively regulates
passage of molecules into the vascular
cylinder
d. is a tissue in the apical meristem that
protects the flower bud
6. Sugars formed in the leaves through
photosynthesis are transported to the roots
through ________.
a. pith
b. epidermis
c. heartwood
d. phloem
e. cortex
7. When you are eating potatoes and onions,
you’re eating ________.
a. roots and shoots
b. stems and leaves
c. roots and leaves
d. shoots and flowers
e. taproot and pith
8. You lean back against an old oak tree on
campus. Your back is touching the ______.
a. primary phloem
b. cortex
c. epidermis
d. periderm
e. secondary phloem
9. You carve your initials 1.5m above the ground
in a tree that is 10m tall. Twenty years later,
when the tree is 25m tall, your initials will be
______ above the ground.
a. 1.0m
b. 1.5m
c. 2.5m
d. 11.5m
e. 18.5m
10. Which parts of the plant shown in the figure are
typically considered determinate structures?
a. stems and leaves
b. all the parts of the shoot system
c. leaf blades, petioles, internodes, and the
structures of the flower
d. the axillary buds and apical tips of the
lateral roots
e. just the leaves
11. In what order would the following structures be
encountered when moving from the outside to
the center of a typical eudicot stem?
a. epidermal cell, pith, sieve-tube
elements, sclerenchyma cells, pith,
xylem tissue
b. epidermal cell, mesophyll, vascular
bundle, pith
c. epidermal cell, cortex, endodermal cell,
pericycle, stele, pith
d. epidermal cell, parenchyma cells, fiber
cells, sieve-tube elements, vessel
members, parenchyma cells
e. epidermal cell, cortex, vascular tissue,
pith
12. You are studying a plant that is tall, with lots of
leaf area to catch wind. Which of the following
do you expect it to have?
a. prop roots
b. stolons
c. petioles
d. reproductive leaves
e. extra mesophyll
16. Imagine that you are eating a fruit that is new to
you, and you notice the tough texture of the
flesh. Which of the following does the flesh
likely have a large amount of?
a. root hairs
b. stomates
c. sclereids
d. layers of cuticle
e. cambiums
17. The root ______________ is where it generate
cells in root growing axis.
18. These are relatively undifferentiated and thinwalled cells that retain the ability to divide and
perform most of the metabolic functions of
synthesis and storage.
a. Collenchyma
b. tracheids
c. Vessel elements
d. Parenchyma
e. Schlerenchyma
13. Which tissue system is the greatest obstacle to
the entry of pathogens into a plant?
a. dermal
b. vascular
c. ground
d. b and c equally
19. A highly specialized epidermal cells found in
shoots consists of outgrowth to reduce water
loss and reflects light.
a. Periderm
b. Cuticle
c. Trichomes
d. Guard Cells
e. Stomata
14. Which meristem is most important for the
wooden door of your classroom?
a. root apical meristem
b. vascular cambium
c. cork cambium
d. shoot apical meristem
e. none of the above
20. Ground tissue that is internal to the vascular
tissue
a. Cortex
b. Periderm
c. Stele
d. Pericycle
e. Pith
15. The removal of which of the following would
harm photosynthesis the most?
a. root hairs
b. cuticle
c. mesophyll
d. phloem
Give at least 2 modified adaptations of stems
21. ______________________
22. ______________________
Give at least 2 adaptations of modified roots
23. ______________________
24. ______________________
Give at least 1 modified adaptations of leaves
25. ______________________
1. b
2. b
3. a
4. a
5. c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. b
10. c
11. d
12. a
13. a
14. b
15. c
16. c
17. apical meristem
18. d
19. c
20. e
21.-22. rhizomes, stolons, tubers
23.-24. buttress roots, prop roots, storage roots,
pnuematophores, “strangling” areal roots
25. tendrils, spines, storage leaves, reproductive
leaves