1. ASCOMYCETES (SAC FUNGI)
Reproduction: characterized by the
formation of an ascus (plural, asci), a
sac-like structure that contains haploid
ascospores
: Asexual & Sexual
Source
: can be found in marine
habitats
Significance : Benefits:
: Some species
such as Penicilium chrysogenum are used to produce antibiotic.
: Some species like Tolypocladium release substances that act as
immunosuppressors. As such, it is used to help patients with poor
immunity.
: Yeast is used in the baking industry
: Production of insulin and other
: Some are used in food preparation
Disadvantages:
: Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, Cryphonectria parasitica and Cochliobolus
heterostrophus cause plant diseases that damage crops and other plants
: Penicilium italicum spoil food that can result in significant loses
: Some species are capable of producing poisonous substances that can
gravely affect humans and animals
: Candida albicans in phylum Ascomycota can cause opportunistic diseases in
human beings. However, they are also capable of causing infections in
healthy individuals.
2. TRICHOMYCETES
Reproduction: Asexual & Sexual
Source
: heterotrophic organisms with absorbtive
nutrition that are obligate symbionts (most
species are commensals but a few taxa are
parasites) in the gut of larvae or mature
arthropods with chewing mouth parts
Significance
: hosts are still little
understood: they may be commensal, beneficial
or deleterious
: attached to the host by a cellular or noncellular
holdfast
3. CHYTRIDIOMYCETES
Reproduction: single celled organisms
with a few being
multicellular organisms
that may be described as
hyphae.
: some chytrids are
polycentric, that is they
can produce more than
one sporangium per
individual
: Sexual
Source
: can be found in a wide range of environments from land to aquatic environment.
: the only phylum that contains fungi that are capable of moving from one point to
another.
Significance : Olpidium a chytrid is active as parasites on plants
: The chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis responsible for chytridiomycosis, a
disease of amphibians
: most important ecological function chytrids perform is decomposition