Science Master THIS RESOURCE IS MADE BY Quality Assured Resources SCIENCE MASTER © VISIT SCIENCE MASTERS STORE USING THE LINK BELOW https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Science-Master Email: sciencemasterstore@gmail.com Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/sciencemasterst/ Click on the resources below to see them at Science Master’s Store By: Science Master © 1. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( kinetic, space, motion, particles ) All matter made up of tiny ………………………………………… called atoms and molecules. Particles of matter are in constant …………………………………… and have ……………………………….. in between them which varies from one material to another. Particles of a material moves faster or slower depending on how much ………………………….. energy they have. 2. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( away, weaker, increases, faster, ) When a substance being heated; Its particles turn to move ……………………………….. and more vigorous. Its particles moves ………………………………... from each other. Kinetic energy of its particles ………………………………….... Forces holding particles together becomes …………………………………….... 3. State whether following sentences are true or false. When a substance is being cooled down; A. Its particles turn to vibrate more vigorously. ……………………………. B. Forces holding the particles of substance will get stronger. ………………………………………… C. Kinetic energy of each particle of substance will decrease. ………………………………………… D. Particles of the substance will move apart from each other. ……………………………………… 4. Give an example that forms evidence for the particulate nature of matter. (An example which proves that matter is made of tiny particles). ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( flow, compress, container, incompressible, variable, don't, shape, definite, can ) A. Solids have a definite ………………...……….. and volume. They don’t …………….…………... and their volume don’t change. It is hard to …………………………………... (Squash) them. B. Liquids are ……………………………………………….. but they can flow. They have ………………………………….. volume. They don’t have definite shape but they take up the shape of the ……………………………….. holding them. C. Gases have …………………………………... volume meaning they can be compressed. They …………………….. have definite shape, they take up the shape of the container holding them. They …………………………….. flow easily. 6. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( liquids, distance, move, solids ) A. Particles of ………………………………….. are tightly packed together. They don’t ……………………………….. around but only vibrate in fixed position. B. Particles of …………………………………... can move around by sliding over each other. C. Particles of gases moves around at high speed and there is much …………………………………. between them. 7. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( kinetic, independent, high, fairly, strong, liquid ) A. Solid particles have ……………………………... forces holding them together and they have less ……………………………….. energy. B. …………………………………….. particles have fairly strong forces holding them together and they have …………………………………….. high kinetic energy. Gas particles are ……………………………………………... from each other and they have ………………………….. energy. kinetic 8. Figures show particles of solids liquids and gases are given below. State which figure represents which state of matter. ……………………………….. ………………………………. ……………………………….. 9. State what makes gases different than liquids and solids for them to be compressible. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ......................................................................................................................................................................... 10. State three examples of materials from your surrounding for following three states. Solids: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Liquids: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Gases: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11. Try to figure out and list down the challenges we would experience if the air surrounding us was made of a liquid or solid material. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12. Below is a diagram summarizes the change of state of matter. Write missing labels on the diagram. LIQUID Freezing Condensation SOLID GAS 13. Match following words with corresponding descriptions using arrows. Melting Change of state from solid directly into gas. Evaporation Evaporation of a liquid at highest rate. Sublimation Change of state from gas to liquid. Deposition Temperature at which every particle comes to total rest. Condensation Change of state from liquid to gas. Freezing Change of state from gas directly into solid. Absolute Temperature Change of state from solid to liquid. Boiling Change of state from liquid to solid. 14. Tick for the following processes which requires heating. Melting Evaporation Sublimation Deposition Condensation Freezing Boiling 15. State opposite of each process given below. Melting ……….………………………….. Evaporation …………………………………… Sublimation …………………………………… 16. State whether following expression true or false. Explain your answer. It is possible for one same substance to be found in three different phases in different situations. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 17. What is latent heat of fusion (melting) ? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 18. Explain the difference of boiling and evaporation. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 19. Substance A which was initially at –10 OC was being heated. Following table shows the temperatures recorded against time when substance A was being heated. A. Construct a graph shows change of temperature against time for substance A. TIME TEMPERATURE OC 0 min -10 1 min -5 2 min 0 3 min 5 4 min 5 5 min 5 6 min 10 7 min 15 8 min 20 0 -5 9 min 25 -10 10 min 25 11 min 25 12 min 30 Temperature (OC) 30 25 20 15 10 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Time (min) -15 B. State the values of melting and boiling points of substance A. Melting point: ………………………….. OC Boiling point: …………………………… OC C. Explain why temperature remains constant for a while at 5 OC and 25 OC. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................ 20. Below is the graph given to show the changes recorded when substance X was being heated. Substance X was initially in solid form before being heated. Use the graph to answer following questions. Temperature (OC) 30 25 F D 20 15 E 10 5 B 0 -5 -10 1 2 C 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A -15 Time (min) A. What is the value of melting point for substance X? …………………………………….. OC B. What is the value of boiling point for substance X? …………………………………….. OC C. In which state is substance X between points; A and B ……………………………………………………. B and C …………………………………………………….. C and D …………………………………………………….. D and E …………………………………………………….. E and F …………………………………………………….. D. In which state substance X would be found at room temperature (25 OC). ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… E. Explain why temperature of substance X remains constant between points B and C. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21. Would you expect pure water and salty water to boil at the same temperature? Explain the reason to your answer. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... 22. At which one of the followings water will boil more easily at a lower temperature. Explain the reason to your answer? At a place with low altitude or at the top of a high mountain. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 23. Explain how pressure cooker functions and helps us in cooking. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 24. State why water kept in earthen pot would be cooler. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 25. Explain why clothes would dry faster in a windy day. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 26. In which one of the below containers water would evaporate faster if left uncovered? Explain your answer. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 27. If you compare water and ice bot at 0 OC, particles of which one would have higher energy? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 28. A. What is humidity? B. Explain why evaporation rate would be lower when there is high humidity in the air. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 29. When we keep a bottle filled with ice cold water on a table we see formation of water droplets on outer surface of the bottle. Explain how does this happen. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 30. Explain how perspiring would help us in a hot sunny day. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 31. Explain why gas in a gas cylinder stays in liquid form. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 32. Melting point of substance X is –60 OC and its boiling point is +5 OC. In which state substance X would be found at room temperature (25 OC). Give the reason for your answer. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................... 1. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( kinetic, space, motion, particles ) All matter made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules. Particles of matter are in constant motion and have space in between them which varies from one material to another. Particles of a material moves faster or slower depending on how much kinetic energy they have. 2. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( away, weaker, increase, faster, ) When a substance being heated; Its particles turn to move faster and more vigorous. Its particles moves away from each other. Kinetic energy of its particles increase. Forces holding particles together becomes weaker. 3. State whether following sentences are true or false. When a substance is being cooled down; A. Its particles turn to vibrate more vigorously. FALSE B. Forces holding the particles of substance will get stronger. TRUE C. Kinetic energy of each particle of substance will decrease. TRUE D. Particles of the substance will move apart from each other. FALSE 4. Give an example that forms evidence for the particulate nature of matter. (An example which proves that matter is made of tiny particles). When salt added into water salt disappears after being stirred. This doesn't also cause considerable increase in water level. In explaining this we need to say particles of salt mixed in to the space between the particles of water. Then we need to accept the particulate nature of matter. This constitutes an example for particulate nature of matter. 5. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( flow, compress, container, incompressible, variable, don't, shape, definite, can ) A. Solids have a definite shape and volume. They don’t flow and their volume don’t change. It is hard to compress (Squash) them. B. Liquids are incompressible but they can flow. They have definite volume. They don’t have definite shape but they take up the shape of the container holding them. C. Gases have variable volume meaning they can be compressed. They don't have definite shape, they take up the shape of the container holding them. They can flow easily. 6. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( liquids, distance, move, solids ) A. Particles of solids are tightly packed together. They don’t move around but only vibrate in fixed position. B. Particles of liquids can move around by sliding over each other. C. Particles of gases moves around at high speed and there is much distance between them. 7. Fill in the blanks using the right words in the bracket. ( kinetic, independent, high, fairly, strong, liquid ) A. Solid particles have strong forces holding them together and they have less kinetic energy. B. liquid particles have fairly strong forces holding them together and they have fairly high kinetic energy. C. Gas particles are independent from each other and they have high kinetic energy. 8. Figures show particles of solids liquids and gases are given below. State which figure represents which state of matter. Liquid State Gas state Solid State 9. State what makes gases different than liquids and solids for them to be compressible. Gases have a lot of space between their particles which enables them to be compressible. In liquids and solids particles are closely packed. It is hard to compress liquids and solids for that reason. 10. State three examples of materials from your surrounding for following three states. Solids: sample answer; desk, chalk, rubber ... Liquids: sample answer; water, milk, cooking oil ... Gases: sample answer; air, water vapour, smell of the food being cooked in the kitchen ... 11. Try to figure out and list down the challenges we would experience if the air surrounding us was made of a liquid or solid material. This question has no specific answer but would challenge the learners to use their imagination skill and will help them to develop critical thinking ability. Possible answers they can give could be as follows; Moving through air would be difficult. Sight would also be affected since other material wouldn't be transparent as air. Some would also say we would suffocate oxygen and die. And so on. 12. Below is a diagram summarizes the change of state of matter. Write missing labels on the diagram. LIQUID Freezing Condensation evaporation melting sublimation SOLID GAS deposition 13. Match following words with corresponding descriptions using arrows. Melting Change of state from solid directly into gas. Evaporation Evaporation of a liquid at highest rate. Sublimation Change of state from gas to liquid. Deposition Temperature at which every particle comes to total rest. Condensation Change of state from liquid to gas. Freezing Change of state from gas directly into solid. Absolute Temperature Change of state from solid to liquid. Boiling Change of state from liquid to solid. 14. Tick for the following processes which requires heating. Melting Evaporation Sublimation Deposition Condensation Freezing Boiling 15. State opposite of each process given below. Melting Freezing Evaporation Condensation Sublimation Deposition 16. State whether following expression true or false. Explain your answer. It is possible for one same substance to be found in three different phases in different situations. In this question students are wanted to think that when necessary conditions are provided one substance can be found in all three states. Simplest example of this is water is found in three states at different conditions. Students need to understand a substance can be found in different states but chemically it will still be the same substance. 17. What is latent heat of fusion (melting) ? Is the heat energy needed to change state of 1 kg of a solid in to liquid at its melting point at atmospheric pressure. 18. Explain the difference of boiling and evaporation. Both boiling and evaporation are change of state from liquid to gas. Evaporation can happen slowly even at lower temperatures than boiling point while boiling requires liquid to reach its boiling point and it is the evaporation that happens at highest rate. In evaporation particles escape from only upper surface while in boiling particles of the liquid from every part turns to gas, form bubbles, rise to surface and escape. 19. Substance A which was initially at –10 OC was being heated. Following table shows the temperatures recorded against time when substance A was being heated. A. Construct a graph shows change of temperature against time for substance A. TIME TEMPERATURE OC 0 min -10 1 min -5 2 min 0 3 min 5 4 min 5 5 min 5 6 min 10 7 min 15 8 min 20 0 -5 9 min 25 -10 10 min 25 11 min 25 12 min 30 Temperature (OC) 30 25 20 15 10 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Time (min) -15 B. State the values of melting and boiling points of substance A. Melting point: 5 OC Boiling point: 25 OC C. Explain why temperature remains constant for a while at 5 OC and 25 OC. At 5 OC substance is changing state from solid to liquid. Heat given during this time is not used to rise the temperature but it is used to break the forces between particles and facilitate the change of state. At 25 OC is also the temperature where change of state takes place. Substance changes its state from liquid to gas. Temperature don't rise for the same reason since heat absorbed is used to facilitate the change the state of the substance and make particles independent from each other. 20. Below is the graph given to show the changes recorded when substance X was being heated. Substance X was initially in solid form before being heated. Use the graph to answer following questions. Temperature (OC) 30 25 F D 20 15 E 10 5 B 0 -5 -10 1 2 C 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A -15 Time (min) A. What is the value of melting point for substance X? 5 OC B. What is the value of boiling point for substance X? 20 OC C. In which state is substance X between points; A and B Solid B and C Mixture of solid and liquid C and D Liquid D and E Mixture of liquid and gas E and F Gas D. In which state substance X would be found at room temperature (25 OC). In gas form since room temperature is above the boiling point of substance X. E. Explain why temperature of substance X remains constant between points B and C. It is because between points B and C substance X is changing state fro Solid to Liquid. Heat given to substance X between points B and C is used to break the forces between particles and change the state of substance instead of rising temperature. 21. Would you expect pure water and salty water to boil at the same temperature? Explain the reason to your answer. We can not expect pure water and salty water to boil at the same temperature. Because salt is an impurity added to water and impurity is a factor that affect boiling point. 22. At which one of the followings water will boil more easily at a lower temperature. Explain the reason to your answer? At a place with low altitude or at the top of a high mountain. Water can boil at a lower temperature and more easily at the top of a high mountain. Because atmospheric pressure is lower at higher altitudes. When water boiling, atmospheric pressure pushes the particles back into the water which makes boiling difficult. Then this difficulty will be less at a higher altitude due to less atmospheric pressure. 23. Explain how pressure cooker functions and helps us in cooking. Pressure cooker creates extra high pressure on water when it wants to boil and make boiling more difficult. This causes water to be able to boil at a higher temperature then normal. Our food then will be cooked in a shorter time since being cooked at a higher temperature. 24. State why water kept in earthen pot would be cooler. Earthen pot has tiny pores which allows water to be released out slowly and evaporate. When water evaporates it takes heat from the surrounding which then cools down the water remaining behind. 25. Explain why clothes would dry faster in a windy day. Wind speed is a factor that affects the rate of the evaporation. It is a common observation that clothes dry faster in a windy day. Because wind helps water particles to move away easily. 26. In which one of the below containers water would evaporate faster if left uncovered? Explain your answer. Water will evaporate faster in the container that is wider because it will allow water to have greater surface area which is a factor that affect evaporation rate. 27. If you compare water and ice bot at 0 OC, particles of which one would have higher energy? Particles of water have more energy than particles of ice despite both being at the same 0 OC. It is because particles of water absorbed extra latent heat as it was melting. 28. A. What is humidity? B. Explain why evaporation rate would be lower when there is high humidity in the air. A. Humidity is the water vapour present in the air. B. Air can keep certain maximum amount of vapour at a time. If there is already high humidity in the air evaporation rate will be lower. 29. When we keep a bottle filled with ice cold water on a table we see formation of water droplets on outer surface of the bottle. Explain how does this happen. Water vapour present in the air, on coming in contact with the cold surface of the bottle condenses in to liquid state and forms droplets. This is an example of condensation. 30. Explain how perspiring would help us in a hot sunny day. When perspiration produced it will be absorbed by our clothes and later it will evaporate into the air leaving us cooled since evaporating perspiration takes in heat from its surrounding to change its state to gas. 31. Explain why gas in a gas cylinder stays in liquid form. When a lot of gas is pushed into the cylinder it is forced to turn to liquid due to extra high pressure. Pressure will push particles of gas to bring them closer which will result in liquidifying of gas. That is also how gas cylinder can contain a lot of gas since liquid will take up less space. 32. Melting point of substance X is –60 OC and its boiling point is +5 OC. In which state substance X would be found at room temperature (25 OC). Give the reason for your answer. Substance X will be in gas form at room temperature since room temperature is above the melting point of substance X. Science Master THIS RESOURCE IS MADE BY Quality Assured Resources SCIENCE MASTER © VISIT SCIENCE MASTERS STORE USING THE LINK BELOW https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Science-Master Email: sciencemasterstore@gmail.com Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/sciencemasterst/ Click on the resources below to see them at Science Master’s Store By: Science Master ©
