Name Period Date Energy Transfer in Different Types of Matter Temperature and Energy. In this simulation you will be able to see the relationship between energy a nd temperature and show in both words and pictures how energy is transferred between two objects at different temperatures. Be sure to click the “Energy Symbols” box so the different types of energy will be visible throughout your investigative process. Learning Objective: o Predict how energy will flow when objects are heated or cooled, or for objects in contact that have different temperatures. The PhET Simulation: Energy Forms and Changes available at: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/energy-forms-and-changes Getting Familiar With The Options- Go to the Intro Tab 1. 1) Mess about with moving the objects around. Heat them, cool them, watch the energy flow. You can put the objects in many different configurations try them out. a. Is it possible to boil the water? Is it possible to freeze the water? (Make sure to attach the temperature gauge so you have a guide.) What do you need to do to make these changes? Yes, and yes. You either need to heat or freeze. b. Chill the water as much as possible – then add heat and observe. List at least three things you noticed. It defrosts quickly, there is more heat molecules, and the temperature rises quickly. 2. In the boxes below, (a) draw the model given in the simulation and then (b) draw a model of the molecules in an object when 3. the object is cold (left) and when the object is hot (right). Assume that the object in both pictures is the same object (iron, brick, or water) just at different temperatures. (a) Cold Object Energy Model from simulation (a) Hot Object Energy Model from simulation (b) Cold Object Molecules (b) Hot Object Molecules 4. Heat up the brick and the iron to the same temperature. Draw the differences do you notice. 2 a. Which one can hold more energy? iron b. How and where so they lose their energy? They lose the energy by cooling down. The energy goes in the air. 4. Place the brick on top of the iron and add heat. Draw and describe what happens. The iron is keeping all the heat and rarely heats the brick. 5. Take the same set up from #5, instead of heating it up, cool it down. Draw and describe what happens. The brick is now holding all the heat. 3 6. Once the brick and the iron are cooled down, do they have the same thermal energy? Do they have the same temperature? Does the room temperature water have more or less thermal energy? No and no, and water has more thermal energy. 7. What material can hold the most heat? Which take the longest to cool down? (Is it the same order? First, water can hold the most heat. THE longest to cool down is the brick. 8. Put a hot object into cold water. Draw what happens to the energy in each of the stages. The hot, thermal energy is release into water. This is because it cools down with the cold water. There is apparently more water. 9. When and why does the process in #8 stop? 4 When all the extra hot thermal energy is released in water, besides what iron had for base temperature. 10. Plan an investigation in the real world to collect data to test the model from 10 and 11. What is your question? Can you extinguish a burning stick by dumping it in the cold, pacific ocean? What variable will you change? The iron cube What variable will you measure? How fast the hot, thermal energy cools in seconds. What will be held constant? The speed of throwing a stick What is the procedure for the experiment? . Pre-Procedure: Somehow put a thermometer and a way to locate it on a burning log. Procedure: ● Throw it into the Pacific Ocean. ● Count how long in seconds it takes to cool the stick down. ● Rescue the log. 13). What does temperature measure? Support your answer with evidence from the simulation. If you need to do some reading on this before you answer the question, here are some resources: o http://burnanenergyjournal.com/forms-of-energy-motion-heat-light-sound-2/ o http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/heat-and-kinetic-energy/ o https://www.classzone.com/books/ml_science_share/vis_sim/mem05_pg101_kintheory/mem05_p g101_kintheory.html o http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/thermal_energy.htm#.VPThKBZTvw4 Temperature measures the heat of molecules on a thing. 5
