Articles
1. Although business areas are widespread, the districts to the north of the river—especially along
the bay and in the city’s west-central region— constitute the chief centres of trade and
commerce. The district of San Miguel is the site of Malacañang Palace, the presidential
residence; and several universities are located in Sampaloc, on the northeastern edge of the
city. Adjacent to the heavily populated districts on the northern shore is Manila North Harbor;
Manila South Harbor, the main international port, is on the southern shore. Intramuros is
renowned for its 16th-century San Agustin church as well as for the ruins of its old walls and of
Fort Santiago. On the south shore, Ermita and Malate are choice residential districts and the
sites of hotels and embassies. The districts to the southeast are generally middle-income
residential areas.
2. Manila is the centre of trade and finance in the Philippines. Trade flourishes within the
metropolitan area and between the city and the provinces and other countries. Most of the
Philippines’ imports and exports pass through the port of Manila. Financial institutions
headquartered in Manila include such establishments as the Development Bank of the
Philippines, the Philippine National Bank, the Philippine Veterans Bank, the Government Service
Insurance System, the Social Security System, and many private commercial and developmental
banks. Private insurance companies and the Philippine Stock Exchange also contribute to the
mobilization of savings for investment.
3. As the education centre of the Philippines, Metropolitan Manila houses many of the major
institutions of higher education of the country, including the Philippine Normal College,
Technological University of the Philippines, De La Salle University, Adamson University. There
are several universities sponsored by religious bodies, including the University of Santo Tomas
(founded in 1611) as well as nonsectarian institutions such as the University of the East and the
Far Eastern University.
4. The Manila area became the centre of anti-Spanish sentiment in the 1890s, and the execution of
Filipino patriot José Rizal in the city in December 1896 sparked a year-long insurrection. During
the Spanish-American War the Spanish fleet was defeated at Manila Bay on May 1, 1898, and on
August 13 the city surrendered to U.S. forces. It subsequently became the headquarters for the
U.S. administration of the Philippines. The U.S. period was one of general social and economic
improvement for the city. U.S. policy encouraged gradual Filipino political autonomy, and to
help achieve this goal public schools were established in Manila and throughout the archipelago.
The University of the Philippines, founded in 1908, became the apex of the educational system.
The city developed into a major trading and tourist centre.
Salita, D. (2018). Manila The National Capital of the Philippines. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Manila/History
1.)
Silver, C. (2006). Directors of Urban Change in Asia–Edited by Peter JM Nas. International Journal of
Urban and Regional Research, 30(2), 475-477 https://books.google.com.ph/books?hl=en&lr=&idb
=KeJ_15xPSA8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA126&dq=manila+as+the+capital+of+the+philippines&ots=qUJGj1XO_f&s
ig=kiKr3mgZ_6XYVzesWwI6HIUaTss&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=manila%20as%20the%20capital%20of
%20the%20philippines&f=false
2.)
Patricio, P. (2016). Ang Maynila bilang Kabisera at ang Post-kolonyalismo sa Lipunang Filipino. Panay
Diaspora Wordpress. https://panaydiaspora.wordpress.com/2016/05/17/ang-maynila-bilang-kabiseraat-ang-post-kolonyalismo-sa-lipunang-filipino/
Noon pa man, ang Maynila ay nagsilbing kabisera ng mga imperyalista at elitista. Umusbong ito noong
kalagitnaan ng ika-20 siglo bilang Metropolitan Manila na ngayo’y mas lumago pa bilang Mega Manila na
may tinatayang populasyon na 12-14 milyon. Batay sa 2015 na pag-aaral ng Globalization and World
Rankings Institute, ang Maynila ay maituturing “Beta+ World City” kung ang internasyunalisasyon at
kahalagahan nito sa pandaigdigang ekonomiya ang paguusapan. Katapat nito ang iba pang mga
maksaysayang lungsod kagaya ng Atenas, Roma, Berlin, Tel Aviv at Guangzhou.
Ito ang sentro ng pangangalakal, komersyo, edukasyon, medya at pamumuno. Ito ang pangunahing
“global city” ng Pilipinas na pang-showcase sa mga dayuhang bumubisita, naninirahan at nagtatayo ng
negosyo dito. Ang Ka-Maynilaan ang sentro ng halos lahat-lahat. Ito ang ideyang nakaulit sa isipan ng
nakararaming Filipino.