Pág. 127 Investigación Capt. Arriagada mencionada en NASA small
Volume 48
May 10, 2010
Number 9
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Aeronautics
Astronautics
Chemistry and Materials
Engineering
Geosciences
Life Sciences
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Space Sciences
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SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
AEROSPACE REPORTS
A Biweekly Publication of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VOLUME 48, NUMBER 9 MAY 10 , 2010
01
AERONAUTICS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to manned and unmanned aircraft and the problems of flight within the Earth’s atmosphere. Also includes manufacturing, maintenance, and repair of aircraft. For specific topics in aeronautics, see categories 02 through 09. For information related to space vehicles see 12 Astronautics.
20100014880 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Shah, Neerav; Calhoun, Philip; Garrick, Joseph; Hsu, Oscar; Simpson, James; February 06, 2010; 20 pp.; In English; 2010
American Astronautical Society (AAS) Guidance and Control (G and C) Conference, 6-10 Feb. 2010, Breckenridge, CO,
USA; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014880
The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) launched on June 18, 2009 from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. LRO, designed, built, and operated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center in
Greenbelt, MD, is gathering crucial data on the lunar environment that will help astronauts prepare for long-duration lunar expeditions. To date, the Guidance, Navigation and Control (GN&C) subsystem has operated nominally and met all requirements. However, during the early phase of the mission, the GN&C Team encountered some anomalies. For example, during the Solar Array and High Gain Antenna deployments, one of the safing action points tripped, which was not expected.
Also, the spacecraft transitioned to its safe hold mode, SunSafe, due to encountering an end of file for an ephemeris table.
During the five-day lunar acquisition, one of the star trackers triggered the spacecraft to transition into a safe hold configuration, the cause of which was determined. These events offered invaluable insight to better understand the performance of the system they designed. An overview of the GN&C subsystem will be followed by a mission timeline. Then, interesting flight performance as well as anomalies encountered by the GN&C Team will be discussed in chronological order.
Author
Antenna Arrays; Control Systems Design; Lunar Environment; Reconnaissance; Lunar Orbiter; Solar Arrays; Flight
Characteristics; Guidance (Motion)
02
AERODYNAMICS
Includes aerodynamics of flight vehicles, test bodies, airframe components and combinations, wings, and control surfaces. Also includes aerodynamics of rotors, stators, fans, and other elements of turbomachinery. For related information see also 34 Fluid Mechanics and
Thermodynamics.
20100014910 Physical Sciences, Inc., Andover, MA USA
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Magill, John C; Cataldi, Paolo; Morency, Joseph R; Hammer, Daniel X; Burgess, Riley; Jeter, Edward; Feb 2009; 30 pp.; In
English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F40600-01-C-0015
Report No.(s): AD-A515862; PSI-SR-1286; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515862
This paper describes the development of a wire suspension system for dynamic testing of missiles in a wind tunnel. The system restrains the missile, permits motion in three rotational degrees of freedom, and measures forces on the model. The apparatus allows testing of missile control systems in the wind tunnel, reducing the cost and risk of a flight test program.
Hydraulic actuators control cable tension and model position. Bearings provide free roll and pitch, while yaw motion is created
1
by the cable actuation system and a repetitive learning controller. The paper describes the cable arrangement, force balance, bearings, closed-loop hydraulic control, and the repetitive-learning controller. Two sets of tests were conducted with the BOA missile (a sidewinder variant) in the HIVAS facility at the China Lake Naval Weapons Center. The tests, conducted at
M=0.4-0.6, demonstrate functionality of the system in a series of missile pitch and yaw maneuvers. The learning controller is shown to learn an s-maneuver in the yaw plane.
DTIC
Flight Tests; Wind Tunnel Tests; Wind Tunnels; Wire
20100015407 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
Tsao, Jen-Ching; Kreeger, Richard E.; March 2010; 15 pp.; In English; 65th Annual Forum and Technology Display (AHS
Forum 65), 27-29 May 2009, Grapevine, TX, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.03.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-215801; E-17062; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015407
This paper reports result of an experimental study in the NASA Glenn Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) to evaluate how well the current recommended scaling methods developed for fixed-wing unprotected surface icing applications might apply to representative rotor blades at finite angle of attack. Unlike the fixed-wing case, there is no single scaling method that has been systematically developed and evaluated for rotorcraft icing applications. In the present study, scaling was based on the modified Ruff method with scale velocity determined by maintaining constant Weber number. Models were unswept NACA
0012 wing sections. The reference model had a chord of 91.4 cm and scale model had a chord of 35.6 cm. Reference tests were conducted with velocities of 76 and 100 kt (39 and 52 m/s), droplet MVDs of 150 and 195 fun, and with stagnation-point freezing fractions of 0.3 and 0.5 at angle of attack of 0deg and 5deg. It was shown that good ice shape scaling was achieved for NACA 0012 airfoils with angle of attack lip to 5deg.
Author
Fixed Wings; Rotary Wing Aircraft; Scale Models; Unswept Wings; Angle of Attack; Ice
20100015672 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on Boundary Layer Development,
Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine Blade
Ozturk, B.; Schobeiri, M. T.; Ashpis, David E.; June 06, 2005; 20 pp.; In English; ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land,
Sea and Air, 6-9 Jun. 2005, Reno, NV, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC3-793; WBS 561581.02.08.03.21.02
Report No.(s): GT2005-68600; E-17178-P; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: E99 , Hardcopy; No Charge
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015672 ; http://catalog.asme.org/
The paper experimentally studies the effects of periodic unsteady wake flow and different Reynolds numbers on boundary layer development, separation and re-attachment along the suction surface of a low pressure turbine blade. The experimental investigations were performed on a large scale, subsonic unsteady turbine cascade research facility at Turbomachinery
Performance and Flow Research Laboratory (TPFL) of Texas A&M University. The experiments were carried out at Reynolds numbers of 110,000 and 150,000 (based on suction surface length and exit velocity). One steady and two different unsteady inlet flow conditions with the corresponding passing frequencies, wake velocities, and turbulence intensities were investigated.
The reduced frequencies chosen cover the operating range of LP turbines. In addition to the unsteady boundary layer measurements, surface pressure measurements were performed. The inception, onset, and the extent of the separation bubble information collected from the pressure measurements were compared with the hot wire measurements. The results presented in ensemble-averaged, and the contour plot forms help to understand the physics of the separation phenomenon under periodic unsteady wake flow and different Reynolds number. It was found that the suction surface displayed a strong separation bubble for these three different reduced frequencies. For each condition, the locations defining the separation bubble were determined carefully analyzing and examining the pressure and mean velocity profile data. The location of the boundary layer separation was dependent of the Reynolds number. It is observed that starting point of the separation bubble and the re-attachment point move further downstream by increasing Reynolds number from 110,000 to 150,000. Also, the size of the separation bubble is smaller when compared to that for Re=110,000.
Author
Reynolds Number; Boundary Layer Separation; Unsteady Flow; Pressure Measurement; Inlet Flow; Pressure Distribution;
Velocity Distribution; Wakes
2
20100015673 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on Boundary Layer Development,
Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine Blade
Schobeiri, M. T.; Ozturk, B.; Ashpis, David E.; Journal of Turbomachinery; January 2007; Volume 129, Issue 1, pp. 92-107;
In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC3-793; WBS 561581.02.08.03.21.02
Report No.(s): Paper GT2005-68600; E-17180-J; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: E99 , Hardcopy; No Charge
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015673 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2219762
; http://catalog.asme.org/
The paper experimentally studies the effects of periodic unsteady wake flow and different Reynolds numbers on boundary layer development, separation and re-attachment along the suction surface of a low pressure turbine blade. The experimental investigations were performed on a large scale, subsonic unsteady turbine cascade research facility at Turbomachinery
Performance and Flow Research Laboratory (TPFL) of Texas A&M University. The experiments were carried out at Reynolds numbers of 110,000 and 150,000 (based on suction surface length and exit velocity). One steady and two different unsteady inlet flow conditions with the corresponding passing frequencies, wake velocities, and turbulence intensities were investigated.
The reduced frequencies chosen cover the operating range of LP turbines. In addition to the unsteady boundary layer measurements, surface pressure measurements were performed. The inception, onset, and the extent of the separation bubble information collected from the pressure measurements were compared with the hot wire measurements. The results presented in ensemble-averaged, and the contour plot forms help to understand the physics of the separation phenomenon under periodic unsteady wake flow and different Reynolds number. It was found that the suction surface displayed a strong separation bubble for these three different reduced frequencies. For each condition, the locations defining the separation bubble were determined carefully analyzing and examining the pressure and mean velocity profile data. The location of the boundary layer separation was dependent of the Reynolds number. It is observed that starting point of the separation bubble and the re-attachment point move further downstream by increasing Reynolds number from 110,000 to 150,000. Also, the size of the separation bubble is smaller when compared to that for Re=110,000.
Author
Boundary Layer Separation; Reynolds Number; Velocity Distribution; Pressure Measurement; Turbine Blades; Unsteady
Flow; Bubbles; Pressure Distribution; Inlet Flow
20100015690 Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC, USA
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented Training Strategy are Needed to
Support Growing Inventories
March 2010; 56 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107354; GAO-10-331; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04 , Hardcopy
The Department of Defense (DOD) requested about $6.1 billion in fiscal year 2010 for new unmanned aircraft systems
(UAS) and for expanded capabilities in existing ones. To support ongoing operations, the Air Force and Army have acquired a greater number of larger systems. GAO was asked to determine the extent to which (1) plans were in place to account for the personnel, facilities, and communications infrastructure needed to support Air Force and Army UAS inventories; (2) DOD addressed challenges that affect the ability of the Air Force and the Army to train personnel for UAS operations; and (3) DOD updated its publications that articulate doctrine and tactics, techniques, and procedures to reflect the knowledge gained from using UAS in ongoing operations. Focusing on UAS programs supporting ongoing operations, GAO reviewed the services’ program and funding plans in light of DOD’s requirements definition and acquisition policy; interviewed UAS personnel in the USA and in Iraq about training experiences; and reviewed joint, multiservice, and service-specific publications.
NTIS
Defense Program; Inventories; Pilotless Aircraft; Unmanned Aircraft Systems
20100015741 Clear Science Corp., Harford, NY USA
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Vaithianathan, T.; Carlson, H. A.; Wallace, R. D.; Shea, P. R.; Glauser, M. N.; Proceedings of the 48th AIAA Aeorspace
Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition; January 2010; 16 pp.; In English; 48th
AIAA Aeorspace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 4 - 7 Jan. 2010, Orlando,
FL, USA
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-08-C-3827; Proj-A0DX
Report No.(s): AD-A516388; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Closed-loop systems have been developed for controlling the flow above a three-dimensional turret. The top of the turret
3
is hemispherical, houses a flat optical aperture, and can rotate about two axes (pitch and yaw). The extent of separation and concomitant turbulence levels in the flow above the aperture change as the turret rotates. Suction jet slots circumscribing the aperture serve as control input; an array of pressure sensors on the turret surface provides the controller with information about the state of the flow above the surface. The control objective is to minimize the separation and turbulence in the dynamic environment created by the articulating turret. The closed-loop control systems include dynamical and measurement-based estimators, regulators, filters, and compensators. These components are developed using both computational and experimental data, and the control systems are evaluated through a series of control-in-the-loop CFD simulations and wind tunnel runs.
Controller designs and computational tests are described in Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Turret (Part I), and the follow-on wind tunnel tests are described here.
DTIC
Computational Fluid Dynamics; Detectors; Feedback; Feedback Control; Yaw
20100015825 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Distributed Propulsion: New Opportunities for an Old Concept
Epstein, Alan H; Dec 1, 2007; 138 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): HR001-07-C-0005
Report No.(s): AD-A516809; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516809
Distributed propulsion can be broadly defined as distributing the airflows and forces generated by the propulsion system about an aircraft in such a way as to improve the vehicle’s aerodynamics, propulsive efficiency, structural efficiency, and aeroelasticity. The confluence of several synergistic factors with recent technical developments suggests distributed propulsion may now yield both new capabilities and new economics for military flight vehicles. Over a 12 month period, this study explored the potential for distributed propulsion combined with pneumatic aerodynamics and flow control to enable new capabilities and new economics for military air vehicles. Aircraft and gas turbine designs focused on an ESTOL application
(100m takeoff run, for a nominally C-27 size aircraft). Study outputs include: a quantification of distributed propulsion benefits such as enabling new mission capabilities and improving performance, reliability, and cost; a conceptual design of a distributed propulsion air vehicle; a conceptual design of small engines optimized for distributed propulsion; and delineation of the technical barriers that must be overcome to realize distributed propulsion aircraft, and candidate plans for overcoming such barriers.
DTIC
Aerodynamic Characteristics; Air Flow; Propulsion System Configurations; Propulsion System Performance
20100015838 Army Aviation Systems Command, Moffett Field, CA USA
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Yeo, Hyeonsoo; Johnson, Wayne; Sep 2005; 19 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516845; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516845
Blade flap and chord bending and torsion moments are investigated for six rotors operating at transition and high speed:
H-34 in flight and wind tunnel, SA 330 (research Puma), SA 349/2, UH-60A full-scale, and BO-105 model (HART-I). The measured data from flight and wind tunnel tests are compared with calculations obtained using the comprehensive analysis
CAMRAD II. The calculations were made using two free wake models: rolled-up and multiple-trailer with consolidation models. At transition speed, there is fair to good agreement for the flap and chord bending moments between the test data and analysis for the H-34, research Puma, and SA 349/2. Torsion moment correlation, in general, is fair to good for all the rotors investigated. Better flap bending and torsion moment correlation is obtained for the UH-60A and BO-105 rotors by using the multiple-trailer with consolidation wake model. In the high speed condition, the analysis shows generally better correlation in magnitude than in phase for the flap bending and torsion moments. However, a significant underprediction of chord bending moment is observed for the research Puma and UH-60A. The poor chord bending moment correlation appears to be caused by the airloads model, not the structural dynamics.
DTIC
Aerodynamic Loads; Helicopters; Loads (Forces); Rotors
4
20100015921 Air Force Academy, CO USA
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder Wake
Seidel, Jurgen; Siegel, Stefan; Cohen, Kelly; McLaughlin, Thomas; Jun 2007; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517161; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517161
This briefing presents a feedback flow control strategy based on a low dimensional model.
DTIC
Circular Cylinders; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Feedback; Feedback Control; Shapes; Wakes
20100016314 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Structural Verification and Modeling of a Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator
Tanner, Christopher L.; Cruz, Juan R.; Braun, Robert D.; Apr. 12, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; FROM 11th AIAA Gossamer
Systems Forum, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 599489.02.07.07.21.21.01
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-2830; NF1676L-10384; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016314
Verification analyses were conducted on membrane structures pertaining to a tension cone inflatable aerodynamic decelerator using the analysis code LS-DYNA. The responses of three structures - a cylinder, torus, and tension shell - were compared against linear theory for various loading cases. Stress distribution, buckling behavior, and wrinkling behavior were investigated. In general, agreement between theory and LS-DYNA was very good for all cases investigated. These verification cases exposed the important effects of using a linear elastic liner in membrane structures under compression. Finally, a tension cone wind tunnel test article is modeled in LS-DYNA for which preliminary results are presented. Unlike data from supersonic wind tunnel testing, the segmented tension shell and torus experienced oscillatory behavior when subjected to a steady aerodynamic pressure distribution. This work is presented as a work in progress towards development of a fluid-structures interaction mechanism to investigate aeroelastic behavior of inflatable aerodynamic decelerators.
Author
Aerodynamic Brakes; Aeroelasticity; Wind Tunnel Tests; Supersonic Wind Tunnels; Pressure Distribution; Oscillations;
Buckling; Inflatable Structures; Membrane Structures
20100016316 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment: Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Florance, Jennifer P.; Chwalowski, Pawel; Wieseman, Carol D.; March 2010; 20 pp.; In English; FROM AVT 25th PBM
Meeting, 12-16 Apr. 2010, Antalya, Turkey; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.07.43.08.01
Report No.(s): NF1676L-10532; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016316
The fundamental technical challenge in computational aeroelasticity is the accurate prediction of unsteady aerodynamic phenomena and the effect on the aeroelastic response of a vehicle. Currently, a benchmarking standard for use in validating the accuracy of computational aeroelasticity codes does not exist. Many aeroelastic data sets have been obtained in wind-tunnel and flight testing throughout the world; however, none have been globally presented or accepted as an ideal data set. There are numerous reasons for this. One reason is that often, such aeroelastic data sets focus on the aeroelastic phenomena alone (flutter, for example) and do not contain associated information such as unsteady pressures and time-correlated structural dynamic deflections. Other available data sets focus solely on the unsteady pressures and do not address the aeroelastic phenomena. Other discrepancies can include omission of relevant data, such as flutter frequency and / or the acquisition of only qualitative deflection data. In addition to these content deficiencies, all of the available data sets present both experimental and computational technical challenges. Experimental issues include facility influences, nonlinearities beyond those being modeled, and data processing. From the computational perspective, technical challenges include modeling geometric complexities, coupling between the flow and the structure, grid issues, and boundary conditions. The Aeroelasticity
Benchmark Assessment task seeks to examine the existing potential experimental data sets and ultimately choose the one that is viewed as the most suitable for computational benchmarking. An initial computational evaluation of that configuration will then be performed using the Langley-developed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FUN3D1 as part of its code validation process. In addition to the benchmarking activity, this task also includes an examination of future research directions. Researchers within the Aeroelasticity Branch will examine other experimental efforts within the Subsonic Fixed
5
Wing (SFW) program (such as testing of the NASA Common Research Model (CRM)) and other NASA programs and assess aeroelasticity issues and research topics.
Author
Aerodynamic Characteristics; Boundary Conditions; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Computer Programs; Data Processing
20100016343 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA, USA
Application of Approximate Unsteady Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Pak, Chan-gi; Li, Wesley W.; Apr. 12, 2010; 18 pp.; In English; FROM 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures,
Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): DFRC-1042; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016343
A technique for approximating the modal aerodynamic influence coefficient (AIC) matrices by using basis functions has been developed. A process for using the resulting approximated modal AIC matrix in aeroelastic analysis has also been developed. The method requires the unsteady aerodynamics in frequency domain, and this methodology can be applied to the unsteady subsonic, transonic, and supersonic aerodynamics. The flutter solution can be found by the classic methods, such as rational function approximation, k, p-k, p, root locus et cetera. The unsteady aeroelastic analysis using unsteady subsonic aerodynamic approximation is demonstrated herein. The technique presented is shown to offer consistent flutter speed prediction on an aerostructures test wing (ATW) 2 and a hybrid wing body (HWB) type of vehicle configuration with negligible loss in precision. This method computes AICs that are functions of the changing parameters being studied and are generated within minutes of CPU time instead of hours. These results may have practical application in parametric flutter analyses as well as more efficient multidisciplinary design and optimization studies.
Author
Flutter Analysis; Unsteady Aerodynamics; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Aerodynamic Coeffıcients; Aeroelasticity;
Influence Coeffıcient; Approximation
03
AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; airport ground operations; flight safety and hazards; and aircraft accidents.
Systems and hardware specific to ground operations of aircraft and to airport construction are covered in 09 Research and Support
Facilities (Air). Air traffic control is covered in 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation. For related information see also 16 Space
Transportation and Safety and 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.
20100015033 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
USMC Aviation Vision 2025 and the Misdirection of Airborne Electronic Warfare
Kudelko, Jr, R M; Jan 2009; 36 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516320; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516320
The Marine Corps plan to eliminate a tactical aircraft dedicated to the mission of electronic warfare as well as the increased emphasis on unmanned systems to conduct the EW mission will leave the Marine Corps significantly unprepared to deal with both current and emerging RF threats to MAGTF operations. The Marine Aviation Campaign Plan is a modernization program that will eliminate all legacy aircraft and streamline all tactical aircraft to the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
Among the aircraft being eliminated is the EA-6B, the nation’s only dedicated tactical airborne electronic warfare aircraft. As a replacement to the EA-6B, the Marines propose F-35s and unmanned systems equipped with jammers to fill the need for airborne EW. This solution does not adequately address the limitations of those two systems or the support needs of future platforms like the MV-22 and the Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle. These new vehicles will allow MAGTF commanders to project forces farther ashore and operate in an environment increasingly vulnerable to enemy radar guided threats. Unmanned systems planned to fill EW requirements do not have the lift capacity to carry high powered jammers and do not have the range to operate ashore from sea-based expeditionary vessels. Unmanned systems also have a higher loss rate than do conventional aircraft, making their payloads vulnerable to enemy capture and exploitation. The Marine Corps needs to re-evaluate their road ahead regarding EW requirements in order to ensure that the capability that they desire is, in fact, the capability that they are purchasing. The Marine Corps of 2025 will be capable of conducting electronic warfare with both the F-35 and its UASs. What it will not have is the speed, flexibility and versatility that the Marines have come to expect from their current airborne EW
6
platform, the EA-6B, which is the type of system that will be needed to support future expeditionary operations.
DTIC
Electronic Warfare; Military Aviation
20100015183 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling
Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
Spencer, Benjamin W; Mar 2009; 34 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516463; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Easing the burden on the fleet in the execution of the day-to-day mission via increased simulation, a different approach to the flying hour program, and a more focused maintenance quality assurance program can go a long way towards mitigating the effects of increasing energy prices, an aging fleet, a struggling recapitalization effort, and a stressed defense budget.
Today’s Air Force is faced with rising energy prices, the oldest fleet in the country’s history, a recapitalization effort that is, at best, stuck in neutral, and defense budgets greatly strained by two wars and a historic economic downturn. There could not be a worse time to be attempting to secure the sizeable resources required to revitalize an aging fleet of aircraft. However, this is exactly the position the Air Force finds itself in. There are no quick and easy solutions in the offing. Because of that, service leaders need to buy time with the fleet they have. Wing-level leaders can buy the service time they need by finding innovative ways to reduce the stress on the fleet in the execution of daily flying. As sorties become tougher to generate with an older fleet, wings must focus on reducing sortie quantity and boosting sortie quality -- treating every sortie as precious drives behavior that is beneficial to a smaller, older fleet. The author sets forth three recommendations. First, increased simulation will drive down demand for sorties while increasing sortie effectiveness. Second, a new approach to the wing’s flying hour program
(FHP) will reduce unnecessary sorties by focusing on flying as a means to an end, not an end unto itself. Third, a recalibrated maintenance quality assurance effort will focus scarce personnel resources on the actions that directly affect sortie quality. The realization that sorties are no longer cheap is critical for the Air Force, as the energy to fly sorties will grow more expensive while the cost to maintain an aging fleet will continue its unabated rise.
DTIC
Education; Flight Training; Maintenance; Noble Metals; United States
20100015267 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
Austere Recovery of Cargo Gliders
Thoms, Keith H; Berry, Gerald; Jett, Lee; Jan 2008; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516653; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Cargo gliders and their recovery technique offer proven capabilities that can revolutionize tactical sustainment. The technique also provides comprehensive expeditionary resupply that is fast, safe, and economical. This technology overflies the improvised explosive device threat as well as terrain lacking sufficient airports, seaports, and roads. Improving the speed, range, and efficiency of resupply hastens operational success and reduces casualties and materiel loss. The increasingly nonlinear expeditionary battlefield stretches current resupply capabilities, including the entire seabased supply chain; rotorcraft ranges, capacities, and speeds; and tactics involving beachheads and ground convoys. The ship-to-objective maneuver and distributed operations of expeditionary maneuver warfare are effective vanguard multipliers to frontline strategies. However, the security, operational availability, throughput, timing, and expense of their rearguard logistical support are issues when considering counterstrike, maintenance, higher elevations, and weather. Resupply across the last tactical mile to the warfighter is a challenge for tactical heavy airlift. The issues include unsecured lines of communication, seabase connectors, and unsophisticated ambushes.
DTIC
Cargo; Gliders
20100015295 Test Wing (0412th), Edwards AFB, CA USA
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
Coldsnow, Matthew; Uybarreta, Prospero; Rippy, Dennis; Driver, Alan; Kirkland, Christopher; Jun 2009; 91 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516721; AFFTC-TM-09-04; XC-412/TW; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report presents the results of Project Active Stick, a Limited Investigation of the Active Feel Control Stick System.
7
The overall test objective was to perform a preliminary investigation into the potential for using an active feel control stick to perform system functions traditionally incorporated in the flight control computer design. This testing compared the open-loop response, handling qualities during operational tasks, and pilot-in-the-loop oscillation susceptibility of three g-command systems during pitch-only tasks. The three systems were programmed in the Variable Stability System of
Calspan’s LJ-25 Learjet In-flight Simulator which was the test bed for this program. The first g-command system contained no limit protection and was the baseline system. The second system was F-16 like and contained angle-of-attack and load factor limiting features built into the flight control system. The third system started with the baseline system and utilized an active feel control stick to provide limit protection and flight envelope awareness. Based on a comparison of these systems, the test team explored the active feel control stick system’s potential for practical applications.
DTIC
Active Control; Control Sticks; Flight Control; Flight Tests
20100015720 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
Paielli, Russell A., Inventor; January 19, 2010; 19 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed September 22, 2005; US-Patent-7,650,232; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/239,456; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015720
Method and system for analyzing and processing information on one or more aircraft flight paths, using a four-dimensional coordinate system including three Cartesian or equivalent coordinates (x, y, z) and a fourth coordinate .delta.
that corresponds to a distance estimated along a reference flight path to a nearest reference path location corresponding to a present location of the aircraft. Use of the coordinate .delta., rather than elapsed time t, avoids coupling of along-track error into aircraft altitude and reduces effects of errors on an aircraft landing site. Along-track, cross-track and/or altitude errors are estimated and compared with a permitted error bounding space surrounding the reference flight path.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Air Traffıc Control; Trajectories; Flight Paths; Cartesian Coordinates; Estimating; Landing Sites; Boundaries
20100015808 Metron, Inc., Reston, VA USA
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic Master Library) Certification
Giddings, Thomas E; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-M-0007
Report No.(s): AD-A516744; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516744
Electro-optical identification (EOID) systems are playing an increasingly important role in mine countermeasures (MCM) operations. EOID systems, and other MCM assets, can be used more effectively when tactics and mission planning account for the state of the battlespace environment. The long-term goal of several ONR programs in the Ocean, Atmosphere & Space
Division is to develop and transition systems and software to survey the battlespace environment and provide performance estimates for EOID systems operating in that environment. The environmental characterizations and EOID performance predictions are provided to MCM commanders and mission planners anywhere around the world in near-real-time to aid in asset allocation and the development of an appropriate and effective course of action. The objectives of the RIMPAC-08 demonstration were: 1) To have US Navy and DoD personnel collect METOC data using Webb Research Slocum coastal gliders equipped with comprehensive suites of optical and physical sensors. The glider configured with environmental sensors for airborne mine countermeasures (AMCM) support is referred to as an autonomous battlespace profiler (A-BSP). 2) To demonstrate the coordination and re-tasking of multiple gliders operating in different areas simultaneously. 3) To demonstrate
EODES performance prediction and mission planning tools for EOID systems. In addition, EODES software was submitted to the Oceanographic and Atmospheric Master Library (OAML) for certification as a Navy standard model. The EODES models were developed under the ONR project entitled A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-
Optical Systems (contract number N00014-06-C-0070). The goal of the project is to develop high-fidelity, validated models for electro-optical imaging systems. The models provide performance estimates for EOID systems based on in-situ measurements of optical properties in the operational areas.
DTIC
Certification; Countermeasures; Electro-Optics; Gliders; Libraries; Maneuvers; Oceanography
8
20100015866 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Fuel Savings Opportunities From Air Refueling
Toydas, Murat; Mar 2010; 83 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516946; AFIT-LSCM-ENS-10-12; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516946
Fuel is a critical strategic asset for military aviation operations, yet is increasingly expensive. Air refueling offers both the opportunity to extend aircraft range and the potential to save fuel by enabling a transport aircraft to depart with less fuel in exchange for additional cargo. We evaluate the practicality of air refueling in terms of fuel savings versus distance and cargo quantity, by introducing two non-linear optimization models that examine the tradeoff between departure fuel weight and loaded cargo for given origin, destination, and tanker base positions and freight quantities to be moved. We use two numerical example scenarios to show that substantial fuel savings from air refueling are possible.
DTIC
Air to Air Refueling; Refueling
20100015868 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air Force
Yavuz, Murat; Mar 2010; 85 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516954; AFIT-OR-MS-ENS-10-11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516954
Fighter squadrons in the Turkish Air Force fly according to weekly flight schedules. This scheduling requires a great deal of time, and the process is not optimal, as the Turkish Air Force doesn’t have an automated tool for flight scheduling. There are many constraints to this scheduling, including crew rest, the number of sorties a pilot is required to fly in a month, and currency limits. In fighter squadrons, schedulers are generally pilots, and they prepare the schedule in addition to their other squadron duties. Providing these squadrons with an automated scheduling tool will save schedulers time that they can use for other squadron tasks such as mission preparation, briefings, and debriefings. In this research, a heuristic approach to flight scheduling is presented. GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure) is applied to the weekly pilot scheduling problem. A code for GRASP implementation is written in MATLAB. Two different approaches are used in the analysis. First, the code is run for four weekly schedules for an F-16 squadron of the Turkish Air Force. Then, a weekly flight schedule is created randomly. In the second approach, the created flight schedule is used for three different scenarios that represent possible real-life situations. For all scenarios and real schedules, GRASP performed well and smaller standard deviations in sortie numbers were obtained while keeping all pilots within the currency limit of each mission.
DTIC
F-16 Aircraft; Fighter Aircraft; Jet Aircraft; Optimization; Pilots; Schedules; Scheduling
20100016091 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight Test Safety and Efficiency
Schneider, Matthew; Mar 2010; 201 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517530; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M20; XC-40TH-FTS; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Flutter envelope expansion is one of the most critical types of developmental flight tests, particularly for high-speed military aircraft. The regions that present the most dangerous flight profiles are those test points in the negative PS realm of the flight envelope. These points develop into high-speed dives and require an accurate predictive model to prevent possible testing accidents. As a flight test is conducted, several conditions such as aircraft weight and ambient air temperature can change, causing a drastic shift in the excess power profiles resulting in significant alteration in the test conditions. Using a dive planning model, a number of parameters were analyzed to determine the sensitivity to variations in data. This sensitivity analysis provided detailed information regarding the parameters that are most effected by minor variations in test conditions.
The goal of this study was to improve the safety of flight test programs and increase test efficiency by improved test planning and execution.
DTIC
Aircraft Safety; Diving (Underwater); Flight Safety; Flight Tests; Safety; Sensitivity Analysis
9
20100016093 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Simulation Analysis of High Velocity Maintenance for the B-1B
Park, Anson R; Mar 2010; 132 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517536; AFIT-OR-MS-ENS-10-08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This thesis explores the impact that High Velocity Maintenance (HVM) will have on aircraft availability rates for the B-1B by examining the proposed changes to the field maintenance and supply processes for the two B-1B squadrons of the 28th
Bombardment Wing located at Ellsworth AFB, SD. There is a significant restructuring of depot level maintenance planned with the implementation of HVM, and the impact that this will have on base-level operations is important to determine, for it will provide insight as to whether or not HVM will be a feasible program with a high probability of successfully improving
B-1B aircraft availability rates. To examine the impact of HVM at the base level, discrete-event simulation is used. Two simulation models are created in ARENA 12. The first model captures the current state of operations for the base maintenance and supply processes, while the second model captures the processes as they are planned with the implementation of HVM.
Comparisons of the two models reveal that HVM does have the potential to significantly improve aircraft availability rates, but the improvements that must occur with aircraft failure rates and base stockage effectiveness for HVM to operate as planned may not be feasible.
DTIC
Bomber Aircraft; Flight Simulation; Maintenance; Simulation
20100016274 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
O’Dea, Angela; O’Connor, Paul; Kenedy, Quinn; Buttrey, Samual L.; March 2010; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): QR9H1A-F-02-20MP
Report No.(s): AD-A516727; NPS-OR-10-002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of this literature review is to provide the background to an evaluation of the utility of the Command Safety
Assessment Survey (CSAS) as a valid predictor of future mishaps. The end goal is to be able to use the survey to identify at risk U.S. Naval squadrons prior to the occurrence of mishaps. Safety climate describes employees’ perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs about risk and safety (Mearns & Flin, 1999). Safety climate is most commonly evaluated using questionnaires.
Although assessments of safety climate are not widespread in civil aviation, the USA Navy has been using the CSAS since
2000 to measure the safety climate of aviation squadrons. This review argues that a comprehensive assessment of the construct
(the extent to which the questionnaire measures what it is intended to measure) and discriminate validity (correlate the data from the questionnaire with a criterion variable, such as accidents) of the CSAS should be carried out. This assessment is necessary to ensure that squadron Commanding Officers, and senior leadership, are being provided with valid and reliable information on squadron safety climate.
DTIC
Aircraft Accidents; Climate; Military Aviation; Safety
20100016282 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
Bailey, Randall E.; Kramer, Lynda J.; Williams, Steven P.; Bailey, Randall E.; Kramer, Lynda J.; Williams, Steven P.; 5-9 Apr.
2010; 18 pp.; In English; SPIE Defense Security & Sensing Symposium, 5-9 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 609866.02.07.07.02
Report No.(s): NF1676L-9560; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016282
Recent research in Synthetic/Enhanced Vision technology is analyzed with respect to existing Category II/III performance and certification guidance. The goal is to start the development of performance-based vision systems technology requirements to support future all-weather operations and the NextGen goal of Equivalent Visual Operations. This work shows that existing criteria to operate in Category III weather and visibility are not directly applicable since, unlike today, the primary reference for maneuvering the airplane is based on what the pilot sees visually through the ‘vision system.’ New criteria are consequently needed. Several possible criteria are discussed, but more importantly, the factors associated with landing system performance using automatic and manual landings are delineated.
Author
Enhanced Vision; Visibility; Safety Factors; Flight Safety; Head-Up Displays; Aircraft Safety; Manual Control
10
20100016357 Marine Corps War Coll., Quantico, VA USA
Reorganization of Marine Corps Aviation Associated Logistics
Bolin, M. G.; May 12, 1999; 38 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516466; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Precision Logistics is the Commandant of the Marine Corps’ vision for supporting the Marine Corps of the 21st Century.
To realize this vision Marine Corps logistics must become leaner, more agile, and more responsive. Marine aviation-associated logistics is complex, cumbersome, and has a large footprint. Contrary to what some may believe, Marine Corps organic units constitute only a portion of Marine aviation-associated logistics. Marine Squadrons and the Marine Corps Aviation Logistics
Squadrons are Marine Corps components within aviation-associated logistics. Other components are organizations within the
Naval Supply Systems Command and the Defense Logistics Agency. This research paper examines ways in which organizations within Marine aviation-associated logistics could be reorganized to meet the Commandant’s vision of Precision
Logistics. Areas of particular interest include moving supply trained individuals to the squadron level, combining Defense
Logistics Agency and Naval Supply Systems Command inventory control points, consolidating inventory, and outsourcing various logistics functions.
DTIC
Inventory Controls; Logistics; Logistics Management; Military Aviation
05
AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
Includes all stages of design of aircraft and aircraft structures and systems. Also includes aircraft testing, performance and evaluation, and aircraft and flight simulation technology. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance and
39 Structural Mechanics. For land transportation vehicles see 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.
20100014800 Office of Inspector General, Arlington, VA USA
Aviation Base Building Kirkuk, Iraq
Nida, Randall; O’Connor, Kevin; Apr 12, 2006; 36 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515555; SIGIR-PA-06-040; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project assessment was initiated as part of our continuing assessments of selected sector reconstruction activities.
This project was an Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence contract to support the Multi-National Security and
Transition Command - Iraq. The overall objectives were to determine whether selected reconstruction contractors were complying with the terms of their contracts or task orders and to evaluate the effectiveness of the monitoring and controls exercised by administrative quality assurance and contract officers. We conducted this project assessment in accordance with the Quality Standards for Inspections issued by the President’s Council on Integrity and Efficiency. The assessment team included an engineer and an auditor.
DTIC
Construction; Iraq
20100014922 Army Aviation and Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
Baskett, Barry J; Mar 21, 2000; 103 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515904; ADS-33E-PRF; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515904
This specification contains the requirements for the flying and ground handling qualities of rotorcraft. It is intended that the specification should cover land based rotorcraft which have primary missions ranging from scout and attack to utility and cargo. Additional requirements or modified standards may be required for rotorcraft that have to operate from small ships in sea states resulting in more than small ship motion. Intended use is described in 6.1. The requirements of this specification are intended to assure that no limitations on flight safety or on the capability to perform intended missions will result from deficiencies in flying qualities. Flying qualities for the rotorcraft shall be in accordance with the provisions of this specification unless specific deviations are authorized by the Government. Additional or alternate special requirements may be specified by the procuring activity. For example, if the form of a requirement should not fit a particular vehicle configuration or control
11
mechanization, the Government may, at its discretion, agree to a modified requirement that will maintain an equivalent degree of acceptability.
DTIC
Controllability; Design Analysis; Functional Design Specifications; Rotary Wing Aircraft; Specifications
20100014929 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
Clough, Bruce T; Aug 2002; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515926; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515926
The recently released DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Roadmap discusses advancements in UAV autonomy in terms of autonomous control levels (ACL). The ACL concept was pioneered by researchers in the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Air
Vehicles Directorate who are charged with developing autonomous air vehicles. In the process of developing intelligent autonomous agents for UAV control systems we were constantly challenged to tell us how autonomous a UAV is, and how do you think it can be measured? Usually we hand-waved away the argument and hoped the questioner will go away since this is a very subjective, and complicated, subject, but within the last year we’ve been directed to develop national intelligent autonomous UAV control metrics - an IQ test for the flyborgs, if you will. The ACL chart is the result. We’ve done this via intense discussions with other government labs and industry, and this paper covers the agreed metrics (an extension of the
OODA - observe, orient, decide, and act - loop) as well as the precursors, dead-ends, and out-and-out flops investigated to get there.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Automatic Control; Autonomy; Budgeting; Detectors; Drone Vehicles; Measurement
20100014944 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
A General Airman: Millard Harmon and the South Pacific in World War II
Hughes, Thomas A; Jan 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515974; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515974
Last summer’s forced resignations of U.S. Air Force Secretary Michael Wynne and Chief of Staff T. Michael Moseley scratched old scabs produced by decades of contention between the Air Force and the Nation?s wider military establishment.
Disputes over the proper role of airpower predate the courtmartial of Billy Mitchell in 1925. In the years since, these arguments have been marked by transcendent issues, such as the command and control of aircraft, and matters more idiosyncratic to time and place, such as the pattern and practice of Air Force procurement programs. Setting aside whatever may be the relative merits in this most recent flap, the stewards of the Nation’s air arm and those of the Department of Defense have been at this debate for a long time, sometimes with depressing results. One indication of the persistent ebb in these relations is the dearth of Air Force representation among U.S. geographic combatant commanders. Since the passage of the
Goldwater- Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act in 1986, these officers have been the senior military men most responsible for fighting the Nation’s wars. From that time, only three Air Force officers have held these vital positions, a scarcity that extends back to the birth of the Air Force in 1947. In fact, from that time to now, many dozens of Army, Navy, and Marine Corps officers have occupied these powerful positions while fewer than a handful of these commanders have come from the ranks of the Air Force.
DTIC
Bomber Aircraft; Government Procurement; Military Operations
20100014955 Monash Univ., Victoria, Australia
Structural Health Monitoring Pertaining to Critical Aircraft Structural Components
Chiu, Wing K; Mar 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-08-1-4051
Report No.(s): AD-A515997; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515997
The aim of this project was to develop and validate efficient computational and experimental tools for characterizing the temporal and spatial features of incident stress wave necessary for the efficient generation of a circumferential creeping wave
12
and its associated reradiated bulk wave in open holes using low profile surface mounted actuators and exploit the circumferential creep wave and its associated reradiated bulk wave for the detection and monitoring of service induced defects in hard-to-inspect regions.
DTIC
Health; Structural Design
20100014976 Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS USA
Development of a Spray System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Huang, Y; Hoffmann, W C; Lan, Y; Wu, W; Fritz, B K; Sep 2008; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516056; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516056
Application of crop production and protection materials is a crucial component in the high productivity of American agriculture. Agricultural chemical application is frequently needed at specific times and locations for accurate site-specific management of crop pests. Piloted agricultural aircraft are typically used to treat large, unobstructed, continuous acreage crops and are not as efficient when working over small or obstructed plots. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which can be remotely controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans, may be used to make timely and efficient applications over these small area plots. This research developed a low volume spray system for use on a fully autonomous
UAV to apply crop protection products on specified crop areas. This article discusses the development of the spray system and its integration with the flight control system of a fully autonomous, unmanned vertical take-off and landing helicopter. Sprayer actuation can be triggered by preset positional coordinates as monitored by the equipped Global Positioning System (GPS).
The developed spray system has the potential to provide accurate, site-specific crop management when coupled with UAV systems. It also has great potential for vector control in the areas that are not easily accessible by personnel or equipment.
DTIC
Autonomy; Pilotless Aircraft; Sprayers
20100015035 South Carolina Univ., Columbia, SC USA
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical
Shell Structures
Giurgiutiu, Victor; Yu, Lingyu; Thomas, Dustin; Apr 2004; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-01-D-5801
Report No.(s): AD-A516325; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516325
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a major component of the vehicle health monitoring (VHM) concept currently considered for the civilian and military aerospace applications. Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) are one of the candidate embedded sensors considered for SHM applications. PWAS are inexpensive, non-intrusive, un-obtrusive, devices that can be used in both active and passive modes. In active mode, PWAS generated Lamb waves that can be used for damage detection through pulse-echo or pitch-catch techniques. An efficient application of the pulse-echo method with PWAS technology is through the phased array technique. In the embedded ultrasonics structural radar (EUSR) concept, an array of closely spaced PWAS is used to detect structural cracks based on the scanning beam principle with guided Lamb waves. A scanning beam of ultrasonic Lamb waves works like structural radar. When encountering a crack, it generates echoes and backscatter. This concept was initially developed by the authors for guided Lamb waves traveling in flat plates. In this paper, the EUSR concept is extended to cylindrical shells. First, the theory of guided waves in cylindrical shells, with the associated modes and dispersive frequencies is reviewed. It is shown that cylindrical shells accept three types of guided ultrasonic waves: longitudinal, flexural, and torsional. The first and second of these ways can be associated with the Lamb waves in flat plates, while the third can be related to the shear-horizontal guided waves in flat plates. Subsequently, the paper describes validation experiments performed on cylindrical shells of various curvatures. It is shown that the EUSR concept works on cylindrical shells with curvatures representative to actual aircraft structure just as well as it works on flat plates.
DTIC
Aerospace Systems; Cylindrical Shells; Damage; Detection; Embedding; Piezoelectricity; Wafers
13
20100015038 Simula Aerospace and Defense Group, Inc., Phoenix, AZ USA
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
Labun, Lance; Feb 18, 2005; 93 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAH10-02-2-0002
Report No.(s): AD-A516337; TD-04049-REV-A; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516337
This document presents the results of a study commissioned to update the kinematic design criteria for helicopter crashworthiness. The study, conducted by Simula Aerospace and Defense Group, Inc. (Simula), reviewed crash kinematic data over the past 25 years with the objective of identifying new trends in crash parameters and revising the associated design criteria accordingly. The objective of this study is to update the impact design criteria for crashworthiness by studying the crash kinematics of four currently active U.S. Army aircraft; specifically, the CH-47 Chinook, the OH-58, the UH-60, and the
AH-64 Apache. No variants of these aircraft were excluded from the study, but a few specific models did not appear in the final list of mishaps. As a part of this update of the impact design criteria, kinematic data were collected and are presented in a manner intended to facilitate easy comparison with earlier studies.
DTIC
Airframes; Crashworthiness; Design Analysis; Helicopter Design; Helicopters; Kinematics; Rotary Wing Aircraft
20100015052 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
Prowler: Best for the Future?
Watson, Kenneth C; Jan 1990; 23 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516383; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516383
Although the goal of an all-STOVL Air Combat Element (ACE) by 2010 is worthwhile in terms of maneuverability and flexibility, none of the possible candidate STOVL platforms are capable of executing airborne mission-support electronic warfare as we know it today. If the Marine Corps is to retain the capability to win on future battlefields, it must continue to command the electromagnetic spectrum. The new MAGTF Master Plan states that the Marine Corps will possess an all-STOVL force by 2010. The EA-6B is incompatible with that goal, because it is a single-mission airplane with unique support requirements, and so Marine EA-6Bs will be returned to the Navy when other aircraft are fielded to conduct the EW mission. If the Marine Corps returns its EA-6Bs to the Navy, it will give up more than just an airframe; the airborne support
EW mission will be severely degraded. The electronic threat environment is growing more and more lethal, especially in the
Third World, and the battlefield is growing more electronically dependent. The EA-6B and TERPES are both evolving to cope with this more dangerous threat. The combination of EA-6Bs and TERPES gives the MAGTF commander the advantage in situational awareness, while denying that awareness to the enemy. Helicopters, the KC-130, the F/A-18D, Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles (UAVs), and the Medium Lift Replacement (MLR) all offer advantages to the MAGTF, but they all fall short in some aspect of EW capability. Weight-bearing capacity, electrical power generation, airspeed, and altitude all contribute to the ability to conduct airborne EW. When the factors of threat, mission needs, and current and projected platform capabilities are weighed, the ability to have men in the loop to make tactical decisions is of paramount importance. The more EW systems are miniaturized and automated, the less they are capable of responding to an increasingly sophisticated threat environment.
The Marine Corps cannot afford to replace the EA-6B before 2010.
DTIC
Electronic Warfare; Military Aircraft; Reconnaissance Aircraft; Replacing; Short Takeoff Aircraft; Takeoff; V/STOL Aircraft;
Vertical Landing
20100015171 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
Hoglund, Evelyn M; Iyer, Nandini; Brungart, Douglas S; Mobley, Frank S; Hall, John A; Fernando, Joseph; Apr 2008; 65 pp.;
In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2010-0007; Proj-7184
Report No.(s): AD-A516417; XC-AFRL/HPW-711; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study compares computational auditory detection model predictions against a corresponding large sample of human sound jury data points obtained in the laboratory. Helicopter and ambient soundscape signals were obtained from high sensitivity recordings in the field. Playback in the laboratory was achieved under high fidelity large volume headphones calibrated to accommodate helicopter primary rotor frequencies with minimal distortion above human sensation level. All
14
sound jury members completed at least 12,000 trials detecting helicopters against wilderness, rural, suburban, and a variety of urban soundscapes, to represent the spectrum of potential environments involved in a real world scenario. Analysis compares the human sound jury performance against a contemporary computational auditory detection model, called AUDIB, developed by the U.S. Army and NASA.
DTIC
Auditory Perception; Helicopters
20100015181 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full
Requirement for All Future USMC Medium Lift Operations?
Spangenberger, Paul F; May 2009; 37 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516460; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The V-22 is a technological leap in rotary wing performance characteristics and far exceeds the capabilities of the
CH-46E, but due to issues with protection, capabilities, and cost it cannot safely fill the gap the USA Marine Corps needs filled in assault support. Soon after the XV-15 was in a flight demonstration at the Paris Air Show in 1981, the Department of
Defense started the Joint Service Advanced Vertical Lift Aircraft (JVX) program to investigate the use of tilt-rotor technology to replace the then current medium-lift tactical transport aircraft in the military. From that point on, the V-22 program has gone through many controversial debates and decisions. But one thing that has not been given enough thought is the change in the threat environment, the vast proliferation of these threats, and the increasing involvement of nonstate actors. The tactics and operating parameters of Marines in the field have changed in the decades since the V-22 was conceived. These changes have affected the current and future threats the V-22 will encounter. The USA Marine Corps should take a serious look at two areas of interest. First, the protection of the V-22 is in jeopardy if changes in self-protection and escort capabilities are not made.
Second, there is a need for another medium/heavy lift rotary wing assault support aircraft to fill the capabilities gap between the CH-53K and the V-22 in both cost and aircraft efficiency.
DTIC
Altitude; Military Aircraft; Passengers; Protection; Tilt Rotor Aircraft; Transport Aircraft; V-22 Aircraft
20100015223 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
V-22, Great Bumpersticker, But What Can It Do?
McCarron, Dan; Jan 1996; 39 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516551; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The V-22 tilt rotor aircraft is currently undergoing operational and developmental testing. It is time to produce the conceptual framework for employment, tactics, and doctrine for this Marine Corps aircraft. The V-22 will significantly improve assault support, not just by the tactics it can employ, but also by its ability to maneuver in the battlespace environment.
Technologies such as the V-22 will not win battles; rather, battles will be won by exploiting their capabilities. Employment and deployment should be based on the following capabilities: aerial refueling, combat radius, payload, self-deployment, shipboard capability, speed, and survivability. The tactics enabled by the V-22 should be pioneered in peacetime and refined and perfected prior to conflict. For the V-22 to reach its full potential, it must become part of Marine Corps assault support tactics and doctrine. The development, adoption, and implementation of tilt rotor technology From The Sea will bring Marine
Corps assault support into the 21st century.
DTIC
Military Aircraft; Tactics; Tilt Rotor Aircraft; V-22 Aircraft
20100015245 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Kappenman, Jeffrey; Jan 2008; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516600; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Throughout the last 6 years of the war on terror, which has seen U.S. Army units deploy two and three times for year-long
(or more) combat operations, the joint community has been unable to provide the coverage of unmanned aircraft systems
(UAS) required to support tactical operations. Commanders plan operations based on known reliable resources. Joint UAS are frequently not allocated to division and brigade combat team (BCT) operations due to a lack of sufficient numbers of systems and higher priority theater, joint task force, joint force air component command (JFACC), or other government agency support mission requirements. When divisions and BCTs do receive joint UAS coverage based upon an allocation model, the support
15
is frequently cut short, the supported tactical commander is unable to dynamically redirect the platform/sensor, or the unmanned aircraft system breaks station just as ground forces have begun to develop the situation. It is imperative that units in physical contact with the enemy have the continuous sensor coverage needed to dominate and win the engagement. Army commanders at all tactical levels (division and below) have identified a requirement for organic UAS to support their operations. The single largest gap in UAS support to tactical maneuver forces today resides at the division level. Army UAS continue to provide unprecedented support in the Nation’s war on terror, and the demand for these systems is increasing at an extraordinary rate. From the platoon to division levels, UAS are providing ground maneuver commanders with critical and timely combat information for outstanding results. The Soldiers who operate Army UAS are extremely capable in counterinsurgency missions and maintain the ability to prevail in conventional combat operations. To date, Army UAS have flown over 375,000 hours and nearly 130,000 sorties in support of combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.
DTIC
Drone Vehicles; Interoperability; Military Operations; Pilotless Aircraft; Warfare
20100015296 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA
Joint Strike Fighter: Significant Challenges and Decisions Ahead
Sullivan, Michael; Mar 2010; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516722; GAO-10-478T; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The F-35 Lightning II, also known as the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF), is the Department of Defense’s (DOD) most costly and ambitious aircraft acquisition, seeking to simultaneously develop and field three aircraft variants for the Air Force, Navy,
Marine Corps, and eight international partners. The JSF is critical for recapitalizing tactical air forces and will require a long-term commitment to very large annual funding outlays. The current estimated investment is $323 billion to develop and procure 2,457 aircraft. This statement draws substantively from GAO’s March 19, 2010 report (GAO-10-382). That report discusses JSF costs and schedules, warfighter requirements, manufacturing performance, procurement rates, and development testing plans. This statement also provides an updated analysis of relative costs and benefits from a second (or alternate) engine program.
DTIC
Costs; Fighter Aircraft; Warfare
20100015298 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
Sullivan, Michael J; Mar 23, 2010; 22 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516726; GAO-10-508T; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Department of Defense (DOD) has planned to invest billions of dollars in development and procurement of unmanned aircraft systems. In its fiscal year 2011 budget request the department indicated a significant increase in these investments, expecting to need more than $24 billion from 2010 through 2015. DOD recognizes that to leverage its resources more effectively, it must achieve greater commonality among the military services? unmanned aircraft system acquisition programs.
This testimony is based primarily on GAO?s July 2009 report (GAO- 09-520) which examined 10 unmanned aircraft acquisition programs: eight unmanned aircraft systems?Global Hawk, Reaper, Shadow, Predator, Sky Warrior, Fire Scout,
Broad Area Maritime Surveillance, and Unmanned Combat Aircraft System- Demonstration; and two payload development programs?Multi- Platform Radar Technology Insertion Program, and Airborne Signals Intelligence Payload. The testimony focuses on: 1) the cost, schedule, and performance progress of the 10 programs as of July 2009; 2) the extent to which the military services collaborated and identified commonality among the programs; 3) factors influencing the effectiveness of the collaboration; and, 4) recent DOD investment decisions related to these acquisitions.
DTIC
Acquisition; Aircraft; Costs; Effıciency; Unmanned Aircraft Systems
20100015301 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet Towlines
Kolel-Veetil, M K; Keller, T M; Jan 2007; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516758; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Towed decoys are used to protect military fighter and transport aircraft against radar-guided air-to-air and surface-to-air missiles. A towed decoy provides an aircraft-like target that draws an oncoming missile away from the aircraft that is being
16
protected. The towline in general consists of a set of conducting and communication members, which is ensheathed by a structurally protective envelope (strength member) made of a high-performance organic fiber. A towline can burn through when exposed to a fighter jet’s afterburner plume, resulting in the loss of the decoy. This burn through is a result of the initial thermo-oxidative degradation of the protective sheath and the subsequent breakdown of the conducting and communication members. The Naval Research Laboratory is part of an undertaking of the U.S. Navy Integrated Defensive Electronic
Countermeasures (IDECM) and Radio Frequency Countermeasures (RFC) programs, who share a central objective, which is the development of advanced towline systems that can function at high temperatures and for longer durations. Siloxane polymers that contain carborane clusters, developed simultaneously by Olin Laboratories and Union Carbide in the 1960s, have exceptional thermal stability in air. Research at NRL has furthered the chemistry of these thermo-oxidatively stable polymers by incorporating crosslinkable diacetylene units. The improved polymers, collectively known as poly(carboranesiloxane-acetylene)s or PCSAs, produce extended network structures through the thermally initiated crosslinking reactions of the diacetylene groups. These highly processable PCSAs are ideally suited to protect high-performance organic fiber strength members (e.g., Kevlar, Zylon, carbon fibers) used in Navy fighter jet towlines against thermo-oxidative degradation.
DTIC
Cables (Ropes); Carborane; Decoys; Fighter Aircraft; Jet Aircraft; Navy; Oxidation; Plastic Coatings; Polymers; Protection;
Siloxanes; Thermal Degradation; Towing
20100015524 Marine Corps War Coll., Quantico, VA USA
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
Doyle, Joseph G.; January 1993; 21 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516166; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516166
The Marine Corps must replace or upgrade the UH-1N helicopter and purchase enough aircraft to meet operational tempo.
The utility helicopter mission is essential in supporting MAGTF operations. The UH-1N has been performing this mission for almost 20 years, but because of its limited capabilities and inadequate numbers it can no longer conduct this mission satisfactorily. The Huey’s replacement, VMAO, is projected to enter the fleet in 2015. Considering the likelihood of increased reliance on the Marine Corps to conduct operations ranging from low intensity conflict to humanitarian relief, the demand for a utility helicopter will also likely increase. The UH-1N will not be able to support this high operational tempo in the future.
The author recommends that the Marine Corps purchase the H-60 Black Hawk and maintain a T/E of 12 utility helicopters in each HMLA squadron.
DTIC
H-60 Helicopter; Helicopters; Military Aircraft; Replacing; Transport Aircraft; Utility Aircraft
20100015546 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Thomas, Dustin; Welter, John; Giurgiutiu, Victor; March 2004; 13 pp.; In English; SPIE’s 11th Annual International
Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials and 9th Annual International Symposium on NDE for Health Monitoring and
Diagnostics, 14 - 18 Mar. 2004, San Diego, CA, Afghanistan; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516160; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516160
Monitoring the structural integrity of today’s fleet has become a priority issue for the Air Force. One of the most critical structural problems is corrosion. In fact the KC-135 now costs $1.2 billion a year to repair corrosion. In this paper, we plan to show the use of Lamb waves to detect material loss in thin plates representative of aircraft skins. To do this we will use embedded transducers called Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensor (PWAS) in a pitch-catch configuration. The sensors were placed on a grid pattern. Material loss through corrosion was simulated by removing the material mechanically with an abrasive tool. Thus, simulated corrosion pits of various depths and area coverage were made. Three-count tone burst wave packets were used. The Lamb wave packets were sent in a pitch-catch mode from one transmitter PWAS to the other PWAS in the grid acting as receivers. The Lamb wave mode used in these experiments was A1, since this was found to be more sensitive to changes due to material loss. At the frequencies considered in our experiments, the A1 waves are highly dispersive.
It was found that, as the Lamb wave travels through simulated corrosion damage, the signal changes. The observed changes were in the signal wavelength (due to change in the dispersive properties of the medium) and in signal amplitude (due to redistribution of energy in the wave packet). This change in signal can be correlated to the magnitude of damage. To achieve this, we have used several approaches: (a) direct correlation between the sent and the received signals; (b) wavelet transform of the signal followed by correlation of the wavelet coefficients time-frequency maps; (c) Hilbert transform of the signal to
17
produce the signal envelope and comparison of the resulting envelope signals (d) neural network correlation between the sent and received signals. It was found that these methods work well together in a complementary way.
DTIC
Aircraft; Corrosion; Damage; Detection; Detectors; Health; Lamb Waves; Piezoelectric Transducers; Piezoelectricity;
Wafers
20100015568 North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND USA
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Balbyshev, Vsevolod; Chisholm, Bret J.; Schulz, Douglas L.; McCarthy, Gregory J.; Pederson, Larry R.; Battocchi, Dante;
Allahar, Kerry; Bierwagen, Gordon P.; October 2009; 132 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-1-5045; Proj-4347
Report No.(s): AD-A516599; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The overall goal of this program is to contribute to the development of the next-generation anti-corrosion and other protective coating systems for USAF aircraft. During the past year, NDSU’s promising Mg-based primer was further optimized. Five different Mg alloy pigments were evaluated, and the optimal pigment volume ratio was established. Flexible binders were identified that substantially improved mechanical properties of the Mg-based primer without sacrificing corrosion properties. Research continued to implement high-throughput methods for coatings formulation and optimization, including development of a technique that enables high-throughput screening of the abrasion resistance of cured coatings. A hybrid organic-inorganic binder for Mg-based primers was developed that includes silica nanoparticles, which has been shown to provide excellent corrosion resistance to important aluminum alloys. Research continued to develop a rapid-cure Mg-rich primer system that would minimize out-of-service time when an aircraft is repainted. These dual-cure binder systems combine ambient-cured siloxane networks with a UV-curable cross-linked network. Progress was made in developing in-field methods to deposit transparent conducting oxide coatings on aircraft canopies by atmospheric pressure plasma methods. Such coatings are needed to dissipate static charge buildup on canopies when in service. Finally, NDSU has investigated the use of electrochemical sensors embedded between the Mg-rich primer and the topcoat, to monitor the degree of corrosion protection provided by the primer. A principal advantage of this approach is that the topcoat protects the sensor from the environment, which reduces electrochemical noise, improves measurement accuracy, and extends the sensor lifetime.
DTIC
Corrosion Prevention; Durability; Magnesium Alloys; Protective Coatings
20100015807 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Sullivan, Michael; Fairbairn, Bruce; Shivers, Charlie; Adams, David; Taylor, Lindsay; Roberts, W K; Lea, Matt; Richey,
Karen; Lee, Jason; Campbell, Greg; Mar 2010; 54 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516740; GAO-10-382; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516740
The F-35 Lightning II, also known as the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF), is the Department of Defense’s (DOD) most costly and ambitious aircraft acquisition, seeking to simultaneously develop and field three aircraft variants for the Air Force, Navy,
Marine Corps, and eight international partners. The JSF is critical for recapitalizing tactical air forces and will require a long-term commitment to very large annual funding outlays. The current estimated investment is $323 billion to develop and procure 2,457 aircraft. As required by law, this report discusses (1) program cost, schedule, and performance; (2) manufacturing results; and (3) test plans and progress. GAO’s work includes interviews, cost data, test plans, production measures, and analyses by defense and contractor officials.
DTIC
Costs; Fighter Aircraft; Risk
20100015816 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented Training Strategy Are Needed to
Support Growing Inventories
Pickup, Sharon L; Lentini, Patricia; Cameron, Meghan; Jones, Mae; Langley, Susan; Lipton, Ashley; Marchand, Greg; Mateja,
Brian; Pogacnik, Jason; Shaughnessy, Mike; Ullengren, Matthew; Mar 2010; 57 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516766; GAO-10-331; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516766
The Department of Defense (DOD) requested about $6.1 billion in fiscal year 2010 for new unmanned aircraft systems
18
(UAS) and for expanded capabilities in existing ones. To support ongoing operations, the Air Force and Army have acquired a greater number of larger systems. GAO was asked to determine the extent to which (1) plans were in place to account for the personnel, facilities, and communications infrastructure needed to support Air Force and Army UAS inventories; (2) DOD addressed challenges that affect the ability of the Air Force and the Army to train personnel for UAS operations; and (3) DOD updated its publications that articulate doctrine and tactics, techniques, and procedures to reflect the knowledge gained from using UAS in ongoing operations. Focusing on UAS programs supporting ongoing operations, GAO reviewed the services’ program and funding plans in light of DOD’s requirements definition and acquisition policy; interviewed UAS personnel in the USA and in Iraq about training experiences; and reviewed joint, multiservice, and service-specific publications.
DTIC
Accounting; Armed Forces (United States); Drone Vehicles; Education; Federal Budgets; Inventories; Pilotless Aircraft
20100015821 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
Unmanned Aircraft Systems Taking Strategy to Task
Deptula, David A; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516795; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516795
As recently as 10 years ago, few would have predicted the speed and impact with which unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) would burst onto the national scene and become invaluable contributors in both combat and noncombat operations (including assisting in domestic relief efforts). The rapidity with which these systems have been incorporated into the Department of
Defense (DOD) inventory is unprecedented. What should not come as a surprise, however, is that in the sprint to employ these systems for American national security interests, the evolution of UAS capabilities has outpaced the development and implementation of an overarching concept of operations to govern their use. We must remedy this situation now and set ourselves to the task of forging an appropriate UAS employment strategy that will ensure the integration of these resources to optimize their use in joint force operations. The following perspectives are offered as a starting point for building and codifying a joint UAS paradigm that gets the most out of these resources in order to increase capability for joint forces, while promoting Service interdependency and the wisest use of Americans’ tax dollars.
DTIC
Drone Vehicles; Unmanned Aircraft Systems
20100015823 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
Fitzsimonds, James R; Mahnken, Thomas G; Jan 2007; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516806; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516806
The prospective introduction of large numbers of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) arguably represents the most significant ongoing development in U.S. military aviation in decades. The inventory of large UAVs across all Services is projected to increase from 250 in late 2005 to over 1,400 by 2015. Moreover, more than 1,000 mini-UAVs and an undetermined number of even smaller micro-UAVs are projected to enter service during the same period. Until recently, it could be argued that immature technology and relatively poor operational performance made UAVs inferior to manned aircraft, even for th so-called dull, dirty, and dangerous missions. However, ongoing developments in computer control and long-range data links show great near-term promise for many types of UAVs to match, or even exceed, the effectiveness of manned aircraft in a number of roles. If so, the growing arsenals of UAVs will have the potential to take increasing numbers of aviators out of the cockpit.
DTIC
Drone Vehicles; Military Operations; Military Personnel; Personnel; Pilotless Aircraft
20100015827 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Bostwick, Shawn; Perez-Luna, Carlos; Buenviaje, Ben; Pilling, Keri; Fotouhi, Ali; Umeres, Jose C; Dec 2009; 189 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516825; NPS-SE-10-001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516825
The objective of this project was to apply a systems engineering approach to explore concepts for augmenting naval
19
capabilities in remote sea locations using a standard Systems Engineering methodology coupled with Design for Lean Six
Sigma tools. Because of increased challenges related to complexity, cost, and timing, our engineering approach focused on finding failure modes early and implementing effective countermeasures. Following requirements analysis and identification of needed functions, the project team synthesized candidate solutions that introduced new concepts and also exploited known programs of record within the Navy, the Coast Guard, and the Marine Corps. These included Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs),
Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs), the aerostat Multi-Function Phased Array Radar, automation, and a Remote Sea Station.
Results from analysis and simulations showed that an Automated Super-Highway Concept (ASHC) addressed the immediate need. The proposed approach combines the capabilities of the systems above to control the battle space in an effort to divert or destroy all non-friendly entities in the areas of interest. This approach also allows for persistent presence and analysis of the enemy movement while reducing the naval task force already assigned to patrol these areas.
DTIC
Augmentation; Drone Vehicles; Position (Location); Remotely Piloted Vehicles
20100015839 South Carolina Univ., Columbia, SC USA
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Giurgiutiu, Victor; Barnes, John H; Thomas, Dustin; Jan 2002; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516846; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516846
The capability of embedded piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) to perform in-situ nondestructive evaluation
(NDE) is explored. Laboratory tests are used to prove that PWAS can satisfactorily perform Lamb wave transmission and reception. Subsequently, crack detection in an aircraft panel with the pulse echo method is illustrated. For large area scanning, a PWAS phased array is used to create the embedded ultrasonics structural radar (EUSR). Opportunities for implementation into Air Force vehicles and the research needs are also discussed.
DTIC
Detectors; Embedding; Health; Nondestructive Tests; Panels; Piezoelectricity; Ultrasonics; Wafers
20100015867 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process
Garza, Ricardo R; Mar 2010; 81 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516952; AFIT-LSCM-ENS-10-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516952
This thesis looks at the maintenance procedures associated with the defensive electronic counter measure (ECM) system on the B-1B, designated the AN/ALQ-161. Computer simulation of the current line-replaceable-unit (LRU) maintenance network for Ellsworth AFB and Dyess AFB is modeled. In addition, two hypothetical repair networks are proposed and analyzed. This research considers the applicability of this type of computer simulation, using ARENA software to study the
AN/ALQ-161 repair system. The contribution of this research is a discrete simulation methodology specific to the
AN/ALQ-161 LRU repair line. Two response variables of interest were addressed, work-in-process and machine utilization.
A total of 20 different repair scenarios were analyzed for the three different LRU networks simulated. A best-case scenario is selected from each model and the results are compared to one another.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Electronic Countermeasures; Maintenance; Simulation
20100015896 Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS USA
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under Psychological Stress
Cooksey, Amanda M; Momen, Nausheen; Stocker, Russell; Burgess, Shane C; Dec 18, 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517048; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517048
Attrition of students from aviation training is a serious financial and operational concern for the U.S. Navy. Each late stage navy aviator training failure costs the taxpayer over $1,000,000 and ultimately results in decreased operational readiness of the fleet. Currently, potential aviators are selected based on the Aviation Selection Test Battery (ASTB), which is a series of multiple-choice tests that evaluate basic and aviation-related knowledge and ability. However, the ASTB does not evaluate a
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person’s response to stress. This is important because operating sophisticated aircraft demands exceptional performance and causes high psychological stress. Some people are more resistant to this type of stress, and consequently better able to cope with the demands of naval aviation, than others.
DTIC
Biomarkers; Blood; Blood Plasma; Flying Personnel; Identifying; Physiology; Pilots; Stress (Psychology)
20100015902 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Filling the Fighter Gap
DeMarco, Justin; Mar 18, 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517073; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517073
The purpose of this paper is to suggest how the Air Force can mitigate the risk presented by the delays in fielding the F-35
Joint Strike Fighter by procuring a fleet of generation 4.5 fighter aircraft. The obstacles posed by the enormous cost of acquiring generation 5 fighter technology forced the Air Force to cut the number of F-22 Raptors they had requested from an original requirement of 648 aircraft to just 381 and late last year Secretary of Defense Robert Gates announced that the F-22 program would be halted at only 187 total aircraft. Recently announced delays to the F-35 Strike Fighter program only serve to increase the Air Force’s risk caused by the advanced age of the existing fleet. One potential solution to the Air Force’s fighter problem is to purchase the US Navy’s F/A-18 E/F Super Hornet multirole fighter because it is highly cost effective and meets multiple Air Force tactical aircraft requirements.
DTIC
Fighter Aircraft; Jet Aircraft; Risk
20100015903 Nielsen Engineering and Research, Inc., Mountain View, CA USA
Development of Multidisciplinary, Multifidelity Analysis, Integration, and Optimization of Aerospace Vehicles
Reisenthel, Patrick H; Allen, Theodore T; Lesieutre, Daniel J; Lee, Soo H; Feb 27, 2010; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-09-C-0135
Report No.(s): AD-A517077; NEAR-TR-657; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517077
Report developed under STTR contract for topic AF08-BT03. The purpose of this work is to develop methods for representing, managing, and fusing information of various levels of fidelity within an engineering discipline and across multiple disciplines for a wide-range of analysis and design tools. An efficient, radial basis function-based extension of multifidelity sequential Kriging optimization was developed. This method, referred to as multifidelity sequential radial basis optimization (MFSRBO) addresses multicriteria optimization involving more than a single type of model representing more than a single discipline, and takes into account both the location in design space and the fidelity of further data acquisition/infill. Several variants of the method are discussed, and their potential assessed for future development. The application of MFSRBO is illustrated on a UAV wing design function integrating information from structural and fluid models.
In the context of virtually any major computational (CAD/FEM) optimization, the proposed methods offer substantially reduced computational cost to arrive at the optimum solution. As a result, engineers and researchers can potentially solve more desigh problems in less time and achieve higher quality results at reduced costs.
DTIC
Aerospace Vehicles; Drone Vehicles
20100015906 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress
Gertler, Jeremiah; Mar 22, 2010; 55 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517087; CRS-R41131; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517087
For four successive years, Congress has rejected administration proposals to terminate the program to develop the General
Electric/Rolls-Royce F136 engine as an alternative to the Pratt & Whitney F135 engine that currently powers the F-35 Joint
Strike Fighter (JSF). The administration’s FY2011 budget submission again proposes to terminate the program. The alternate engine program began in FY1996, when defense authorization conferees directed DOD to ensure that the JSF (then JAST) program provides for adequate engine competition. Through FY2009, Congress has provided approximately $2.5 billion for
21
the Joint Strike Fighter alternate engine program. The program is expected to need an additional $2.9 billion through 2017 to complete the development of the F136 engine. Critics of the proposal to terminate the F136 alternate engine argue that termination was driven more by immediate budget pressures on the department than the long-term pros and cons of the F136 program. They argue that engine competition on the F-15 and F-16 programs saved money and resulted in greater reliability.
Some who applaud the proposed termination say that singlesource engine production contracts have been the norm, not the exception. Long-term engine affordability, they claim, is best achieved by procuring engines through multiyear contracts from a single source.
DTIC
Fighter Aircraft; Jet Engines
20100016011 Raytheon Systems Co., Mesa, AZ USA
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
Martin, John J; Mar 2000; 30 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-97-D-5000; Proj-2743
Report No.(s): AD-A517298; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
On average, half of a 24-hour day is darkness. Military flight operations do not stop during hours of darkness, and use of night vision goggles to facilitate such operations is widespread. For best visual acuity of the intensified outside scene, aircraft cockpit lighting must be compatible with (not to be sensed or intensified) a night vision imaging system (NVIS).
Multiple methods of implementing NVIS compatible cockpit lighting exist and, with two exceptions, the methods are designed for permanent installation. Because aircraft program managers are faced with many choices when implementing NVIS compatible cockpit lighting systems, descriptions of each of the lighting methods are provided to help assist in selection of the optimal system for a given aircraft. Concern about the quality of illumination provided by temporary chemical light sticks has resulted in the recent development of a new NVIS compatible illumination system based on light emitting diodes (LEDs).
The LED system is inexpensive and is intended for temporary applications. The system has proved popular, and its design and effect on existing cockpit lighting design paradigms is discussed.
DTIC
Cockpits; Goggles; Illuminating; Imaging Techniques; Lighting Equipment; Night Vision
20100016012 Department of Defense, Arlington, VA USA
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
Mar 26, 2010; 40 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-D2008-D000LH-0249.000
Report No.(s): AD-A517300; IG/DOD-D-2010-047; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We determined whether equipment repair and maintenance contracts for aircraft supporting coalition forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait were effective. To determine effectiveness, we evaluated the efficiency of oversight controls and adequacy of training programs to ensure that DOD received services it paid for. Specifically, we reviewed four task orders awarded by the Air Force Contract Field Team (CFT) Program for over $900 million. Although this is an Air Force program, the Army is the primary customer. See Appendix A for a discussion of scope and methodology and Appendix B for a list of prior audit coverage.
DTIC
Afghanistan; Aircraft Maintenance; International Relations; Iraq; Kuwait; Maintenance; Military Operations
20100016037 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a Manduca Sexta Forewing
Sims, Travis W; Mar 2010; 136 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517375; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M22; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Micro air vehicles (MAVs) are intended for future intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance use. To adequately fulfill a clandestine capacity, MAVs must operate in close proximity to their intended target without eliciting counter-observation.
This objective, along with DARPA’s constraint of a sub-15 centimeter span, requires future MAVs to mimic insect appearance and flight characteristics. This thesis describes an experimental method for conducting a structural analysis of a Manduca
Sexta (hawkmoth) forewing. Geometry is captured via computed tomography (CT), and frequency data is collected using laser vibrometry in air and vacuum. A finite element (FE)model is constructed using quadratic beams and general-purpose shell
22
elements, and a linear dynamic analysis is conducted. A preliminary verification of the FE model is carried out to ensure the
Manduca Sexta forewing is adequately characterized, providing a basis for future fluid-structural interaction computations.
Included is a study regarding the aeroelastic effects on flapping-wing insect flight, and an analysis of the structural dynamic anomalies of conventional, flat, semi-rigid flapping wings.
DTIC
Aerial Reconnaissance; Drone Vehicles; Dynamic Structural Analysis; Moths; Remotely Piloted Vehicles; Surveillance
20100016046 Alion Science and Technology -Micro Analysis and Design, Boulder, CO USA
Performance Research Integration Tool (IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
Bagnall, Timothy; Hart, Karl; Sep 2009; 133 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N61339-03-D-0300-0199
Report No.(s): AD-A517406; XC-711-HPW-HRBR; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report summarizes a yearlong effort devoted to the improvement of a human performance simulation of the flightline maintenance and sortie generation process for the Air Force 711th Human Performance Wing. The simulation is known as the
Air Force Human Systems Integration Improved Performance Research Integration Tool Maintenance Model - or the AF HSI
IMPRINT Mx Model. The effort described here is the continuation of a previous effort that analyzed Air Force operational metrics and identified human performance determinants of mission success, including environmental, safety, and occupational health considerations of the F-15C Eagle weapon system using IMPRINT, a free for government use task-network human performance simulation tool for analyzing Warfighter-System interaction. This report describes the latest version of the AF
HSI IMPRINT Mx Model and the enhancements implemented by the project team to improve upon the original simulation.
The enhancements include the addition of five new weapon systems (C-17 Globemaster III, CV-22 Osprey, F-15E Strike
Eagle, MQ-1 Predator, and MQ-9 Reaper), dynamic charting of operational metrics, an intuitive graphical user interface for
Air Force analysts, and the incorporation of a physiological stressor for modeling fatigue.
DTIC
Augmentation; Computer Programs; Graphical User Interface; Maintenance; Systems Integration
20100016048 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
An Exploration of the Effects of Maintenance Manning on Combat Mission Readiness (CMR) Utilizing Agent Based
Modeling
MacKenzie, Adam S; Mar 2010; 90 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517409; AFIT/OR/MS/ENS/10-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Agent based models have been shown to be powerful tools in describing processes and systems centered on individual behaviors and local interactions (i.e. bottom-up) between specific entities. Current application areas tend to be focused within the business and social science arenas, although their usefulness has been demonstrated in the modeling of various chemistry and physics-based systems. Conversely, many highly process-oriented systems, such as manufacturing environments, tend to be modeled via top-down methods, including discrete or continuous event simulations among others. As a result, potentially critical attributes of the entities or resources modeled with these methods (spatial properties, learning curve or adaptability) may not be adequately captured or developed. This research develops an agent based model for application to a problem heretofore addressed solely via discrete event simulation or stochastic mathematical models. Specifically, a model is constructed to investigate the effects of differing levels of maintenance manning on sortie production capability, with an examination of those effects on the resulting Combat Mission Readiness (CMR) of a typical F-16 squadron.
DTIC
Combat; Computerized Simulation; Maintenance; Manpower
20100016092 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Conceptual Design Tool for Fuel-Cell Powered Micro Air Vehicles
Hrad, Paul M; Mar 2010; 232 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517534; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M12; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
A conceptual design tool was built to explore power requirements of a hybrid-power system for Micro Air Vehicles
(MAVs) comparable in size to the Cooper’s Hawk. An inviscid aerodynamic code, Athena Vortex Lattice (AVL), and a motor-propeller analysis code, QPROP, provide overall lift, drag, and thrust data for power-required calculation as functions
23
of many variables to include mass, platform geometry, altitude, velocity, and mission duration. Phoenix Technologies? Model
Center was used to integrate multi-disciplinary components that employ specific power and specific energy of two power sources to determine power system mass required for a designated mission. The tool simulated a mission for the fixed wing
Generic Micro Aerial Vehicle (GenMAV), and relative sizing between a high specific power source and a high specific energy source was investigated. Current small fuel cell technology provides inadequate specific power. It was found that a MAV-sized fuel cell-battery hybrid-power system would not perform better than a pure battery or battery-battery power system. A feasible fuel cell capability requirement of at least 325 W/kg matched with at least 921 W-hr/kg was identified as a fuel cell - Li-Po solution for a defined 30 min mission resulting in reduced power system mass compared to using only Li-Po batteries.
DTIC
Aircraft Configurations; Drone Aircraft; Fixed Wings; Fuel Cells
20100016275 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
Krishnamurthy, Thiagarajan; Apr. 12, 2010; 13 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural
Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 457280.02.07.07.04
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-2769; NF1676L-9246; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016275
Equivalent plate analysis is often used to replace the computationally expensive finite element analysis in initial design stages or in conceptual design of aircraft wing structures. The equivalent plate model can also be used to design a wind tunnel model to match the stiffness characteristics of the wing box of a full-scale aircraft wing model while satisfying strength-based requirements An equivalent plate analysis technique is presented to predict the static and dynamic response of an aircraft wing with or without damage. First, a geometric scale factor and a dynamic pressure scale factor are defined to relate the stiffness, load and deformation of the equivalent plate to the aircraft wing. A procedure using an optimization technique is presented to create scaled equivalent plate models from the full scale aircraft wing using geometric and dynamic pressure scale factors.
The scaled models are constructed by matching the stiffness of the scaled equivalent plate with the scaled aircraft wing stiffness. It is demonstrated that the scaled equivalent plate model can be used to predict the deformation of the aircraft wing accurately. Once the full equivalent plate geometry is obtained, any other scaled equivalent plate geometry can be obtained using the geometric scale factor. Next, an average frequency scale factor is defined as the average ratio of the frequencies of the aircraft wing to the frequencies of the full-scaled equivalent plate. The average frequency scale factor combined with the geometric scale factor is used to predict the frequency response of the aircraft wing from the scaled equivalent plate analysis.
A procedure is outlined to estimate the frequency response and the flutter speed of an aircraft wing from the equivalent plate analysis using the frequency scale factor and geometric scale factor. The equivalent plate analysis is demonstrated using an aircraft wing without damage and another with damage. Both of the problems show that the scaled equivalent plate analysis can be successfully used to predict the frequencies and flutter speed of a typical aircraft wing.
Author
Dynamic Pressure; Aircraft Design; Wings; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Flutter Analysis; Frequency Response;
Deformation
20100016366 Air Land and Sea Application Center (ALSA), Langley AFB, VA USA
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No. 2010-1, January 2010
January 2010; 33 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516565; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ALSA Center publishes the ALSB three times a year. ALSA is a multi-Service DOD field agency sponsored by the U.S.
Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC), Navy
Warfare Development Command (NWDC), and Curtis E. LeMay Center for Doctrine Development and Education (LeMay
Center). This periodical is governed by Army Regulation 25-30, Chapter 10. The ALSB is a vehicle to spread the word on recent developments in warfighting concepts, issues, and Service interoperability. The intent is to provide a cross-Service flow of information among readers around the globe. Disclaimer: Since the ALSB is an open forum, the articles, letters, and opinions expressed or implied herein should not be construed to be the official position of TRADOC, MCCDC, NWDC,
Lemay Center, or ALSA Center. Unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) provide a unique range of options to meet the demands of irregular warfare (IW). UASs have been primarily used for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) and the intelligence preparation of the IW
DTIC
Drone Vehicles; Interoperability; Leadership; Military Operations; Military Personnel; Seas; Security; Support Systems
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07
AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
Includes primary propulsion systems and related systems and components, e.g., gas turbine engines, compressors, and fuel systems; and onboard auxiliary power plants for aircraft. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; 28 Propellants and Fuels; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.
20100015284 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation Combustor
Thorn, Caitlin R; Mar 2010; 154 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516702; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M26; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Past research has indicated that implementation of a pulsed detonation combustor (PDC) into a high-bypass turbofan engine yields a more efficient engine at design conditions. It is proposed that performance gains can be made utilizing this hybrid engine off-design. A hybrid high-bypass turbofan engine with a PDC model was evaluated for a range of Mach numbers, altitudes, and fill fractions in the Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS). Results were compared to a conventional baseline highbypass turbofan engine that shares the same architecture with the hybrid. The NPSS baseline engine was validated using the Aircraft Engine Design System (AEDsys) program and the net thrust and specific fuel consumption agreed to within one percent. The effect of detonation on the core air flow is calculated using a closed form solution for the
Chapman-Jouguet Mach number with a total energy correction applied. Results indicate that fill fraction can be adjusted to reduce the TSFC to that of the baseline engine and lower at some thrust levels. With careful selection of design parameters, results suggest a pulsed detonation combustor may be an appropriate candidate for inclusion in a hybrid turbofan engine.
DTIC
Bypasses; Combustion Chambers; Design Analysis; Detonation; Hybrid Propulsion; Turbofan Engines; Turbofans
20100015409 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Howard, Samuel A.; Bruckner, Robert J.; Radil, Kevin C.; March 2010; 14 pp.; In English; 65th Annual Forum and
Technology Display (AHS Forum 65), 27-29 May 2009, Grapevine, TX, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.01.04
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216094; E-17147; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015409
NASA and the Army have been working for over a decade to advance the state-of-the-art (SOA) in Oil-Free
Turbomachinery with an eye toward reduced emissions and maintenance, and increased performance and efficiency among other benefits. Oil-Free Turbomachinery is enabled by oil-free gas foil bearing technology and relatively new high-temperature tribological coatings. Rotorcraft propulsion is a likely candidate to apply oil-free bearing technology because the engine size class matches current SOA for foil bearings and because foil bearings offer the opportunity for higher speeds and temperatures and lower weight, all critical issues for rotorcraft engines. This paper describes an effort to demonstrate gas foil journal bearing use in the hot section of a full-scale helicopter engine core. A production engine hot-core location is selected as the candidate foil bearing application. Rotordynamic feasibility, bearing sizing, and load capability are assessed. The results of the program will help guide future analysis and design in this area by documenting the steps required and the process utilized for successful application of oil-free technology to a full-scale engine.
Author
Foil Bearings; Gas Bearings; Rotary Wing Aircraft; Rotor Dynamics; Turbomachinery; Helicopter Engines; Loads (Forces);
Journal Bearings
20100015448 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
Woike, Mark R.; Abdul-Aziz, Ali; March 2010; 22 pp.; In English; 48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando,
FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 645546 .02.07.03.11.03
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216239; AIAA Paper 2010-587; E-17226; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015448
The development of new health-monitoring techniques requires the use of theoretical and experimental tools to allow new
25
concepts to be demonstrated and validated prior to use on more complicated and expensive engine hardware. In order to meet this need, significant upgrades were made to NASA Glenn Research Center s Rotordynamics Laboratory and a series of tests were conducted on simulated turbine engine disks as a means of demonstrating potential crack-detection techniques. The
Rotordynamics Laboratory consists of a high-precision spin rig that can rotate subscale engine disks at speeds up to 12,000 rpm. The crack-detection experiment involved introducing a notch on a subscale engine disk and measuring its vibration response using externally mounted blade-tip-clearance sensors as the disk was operated at speeds up to 12 000 rpm. Testing was accomplished on both a clean baseline disk and a disk with an artificial crack: a 50.8-mm- (2-in.-) long introduced notch.
The disk s vibration responses were compared and evaluated against theoretical models to investigate how successful the technique was in detecting cracks. This paper presents the capabilities of the Rotordynamics Laboratory, the baseline theory and experimental setup for the crack-detection experiments, and the associated results from the latest test campaign.
Author
Gas Turbine Engines; Rotor Dynamics; Blade Tips; Clearances; Cracks; Detection
20100015629 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
Daggett, David L.; Hendricksw, Robert C.; Fucke, Lars; Eames, David J. H.; March 2010; 18 pp.; In English; 40th Joint
Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 11-14 Jul. 2004, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-5000-0013
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-213179; AIAA Paper 2004-4198; E-14674; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015629
The potential nitrogen oxide (NO(x) reductions, cost savings, and performance enhancements identified in these initial studies of waterinjection technology strongly suggest that it be further pursued. The potential for engine maintenance cost savings from this system should make it very attractive to airline operators and assure its implementation. Further system tradeoff studies and engine tests are needed to answer the optimal system design question. Namely, would a low-risk combustor injection system with 70- to 90-percent NO(x) reduction be preferable, or would a low-pressure compressor (LPC) misting system with only 50-percent NO(x) reduction but larger turbine inlet temperature reductions be preferable? The low-pressure compressor injection design and operability issues identified in the report need to be addressed because they might prevent implementation of the LPC type of water-misting system. If water-injection technology challenges are overcome, any of the systems studied would offer dramatic engine NO(x) reductions at the airport. Coupling this technology with future emissions-reduction technologies, such as fuel-cell auxiliary power units will allow the aviation sector to address the serious challenges of environmental stewardship, and NO(x) emissions will no longer be an issue at airports.
Author
Engine Tests; Water Injection; Nitrogen Oxides; Auxiliary Power Sources; Cost Reduction
09
RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR)
Includes airports, runways, hangars, and aircraft repair and overhaul facilities; wind tunnels, water tunnels, and shock tubes; flight simulators; and aircraft engine test stands. Also includes airport ground equipment and systems. For airport ground operations see
03 Air Transportation and Safety . For astronautical facilities see 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space) .
20100016049 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed En Route Support Structure versus a Consolidated En Route Support
Structure
Rehmert, Phillip M; Mar 2010; 83 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517421; AFIT/LSCM/ENS/10-10; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The USA military has developed an en route support structure for airlift requirements to deploy and sustain combat forces in conflict. The Air Mobility Command (AMC) is interested in determining the cost-effectiveness of two distinctly different en route structures, in particular, the cost-effectiveness of supporting combat forces with one large facility versus supporting combat forces with many smaller facilities. Given the current operational tempo, continued analysis is necessary to determine whether a smaller footprint is possible in the deployment and sustainment scenarios of today’s conflicts, conflicts more centered on a leaner and faster deployment force. This research examines the manpower requirements needed to support one large facility and compares them with the manpower requirements needed to support a network of many smaller facilities. The
26
number of airfields required in a distributed network will determine the manpower cost structure associated with that network,
The number of airfields becomes a cornerstone upon which the cost analysis is based. The effectiveness of each system will be measured in terms of aircraft transits per day, with the cost measured in annual manpower costs.
DTIC
Airports; Amount; Cost Analysis; Costs; Landing Sites; Manpower; Networks; Requirements; Routes; Support Systems
12
ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to space flight and manned and unmanned space vehicles, platforms or objects launched into, or assembled in, outer space; and related components and equipment. Also includes manufacturing and maintenance of such vehicles or platforms. For specific topics in astronautics see categories 13 through 20 . For extraterrestrial exploration see 91 Lunar and Planetary
Science and Exploration .
20100014890 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Air and Space Power Journal. Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2004
Jan 2004; 132 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515512; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Articles in this issue include: Emerging Air and Space Power Technologies, The Effect of Human Factors on the
Helmet-Mounted Display, Whither High-Energy Lasers?, Electromagnetic Applications of Biomimetic Research, Powering the Future: Advances in Propulsion Technologies Provide a Capability Road Map for War-Fighter Operations, Fuel Cells:
Powerful Implications, and Space Policy in the 21st Century
Derived from text
Aerospace Systems; Human Factors Engineering; Systems Engineering
20100015641 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Exploration Roadmap Working Group (ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Drake, Bret; Landis, Rob; Thomas, Andrew; Mauzy, Susan; Graham, Lee; Culbert, Chris; Troutman, Pat; March 25, 2010;
56 pp.; In English; International Architecture Working Group Meeting, 22-26 Mar. 2010, Montreal, Canada; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20283; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015641
This slide presentation reviews four areas for further space exploration: (1) Human Exploration of Mars Design Reference
Architecture (DRA) 5.0, (2) Robotic Precursors targeting Near Earth Objects (NEO) for Human Exploration, (3) Notional
Human Exploration of Near Earth Objects and (4) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Refueling to Augment Human Exploration. The first presentation reviews the goals and objectives of the Mars DRA, presents a possible mission profile, innovation requirements for the mission and key risks and challenges for human exploration of Mars. The second presentation reviews the objective and goals of the robotic precursors to the NEO and the mission profile of such robotic exploration. The third presentation reviews the mission scenario of human exploration of NEO, the objectives and goals, the mission operational drivers, the key technology needs and a mission profile. The fourth and last presentation reviews the examples of possible refueling in low earth orbit prior to lunar orbit insertion, to allow for larger delivered payloads for a lunar mission.
CASI
Mission Planning; Near Earth Objects; Refueling; Robotics; Space Exploration; Manned Mars Missions; Interplanetary
Flight; Mars Exploration
20100015931 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Organizational Options for the Future Aerospace Force
Millsap, Ralph; Posey, D B; Jan 2000; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517251; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517251
Addressing the future of aerospace power in the 21st century, F. Whitten Peters, secretary of the Air Force, states that the
Air Force views the flight domains of air and space as a seamless operational medium. The environmental differences between air and space do not separate the employment of aerospace power within them. Critics, however, disagree and have called for a reorganization of the military services through the creation of a separate Space Force. Some members of Congress seek to
27
create a single voice for space, consolidating all Department of Defense (DoD) space activities. Furthermore, these critics say that a consolidated Space Force will improve the visibility of space programs, increase the space budget, eliminate redundancy, and promote the development of space professionals. They also suggest that a new organization will advance space warfighting capabilities and enhance space support to the war fighter. Although well conceived, the pursuit of a new organization dedicated to space is premature. Based on historical precedent of past DoD organizations, space does not meet the test for independence. Reorganization does not address all of the critics’ concerns, and in some cases may have the opposite effect. Reorganization will incur significant over expenditures, further stressing limited DoD resources. This article argues a point that may have serious ramifications for DoD’s structure: the U.S. military mission in space has not sufficiently evolved to warrant the establishment of a separate military service for space operations. Aerospace integration is the most appropriate model for managing space today. This model allows for the development of space capabilities within an established organization, the Air Force. It also concentrates space spending on people and systems rather than on overhead.
DTIC
Aerospace Systems; Space Missions
20100016074 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space Robotics
Kelm, B E; Angielski, J A; Butcher, S T; Creamer, N G; Harris, K A; Henshaw, C G; Lennon, J A; Purdy, W E; Tasker, F
A; Vincent, W S; Whalen, B P; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517473; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Front-end Robotics Enabling Near-term Demonstration (FREND) project is a DARPA-sponsored effort that is developing the state of the art in autonomous rendezvous and docking with satellites not pre-designed for servicing. This capability allows nearly any satellite to be repositioned on-orbit and provides a number of national benefits including better ground coverage in time of crisis, satellite life extension by eliminating the requirement imposed on fully functional satellites to expend their fuel to move to a safe disposal orbit, and disposal of derelict spacecraft which present navigation hazards to active satellites. FREND has successfully demonstrated autonomous rendezvous and docking in a ground test environment using research grade robotics and space-flight traceable control software under simulated orbital conditions. NRL will soon perform these same demonstrations with the prototype and flight robotic arms to prove that this capability is ready for space-flight operations.
DTIC
Robotics; Spacecraft Docking
20100016360 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Development of Measures to Assess Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
Stryker, Amie C.; Mar 2010; 190 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516454; AFIT/DS/ENV/10-M01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This dissertation outlines a method and measures for assessing product modularity in terms of coupling, reusability, and flexibility. A five-step analysis process is developed and used to guide the modularity assessment. Defining and decomposing products are performed first. Using the resultant functional model from the first step, the identified functions are mapped to modules in a product in the second step. In the third and fourth steps, module-to-module interfaces are identified and captured in design structure matrices or a tensor plot. Finally, using results from steps 1-4, the Vector Modularity Measure that includes a reconfigurability measure can be calculated. The measures and analysis process are demonstrated using two precision guided munitions in the USA Air Force inventory. After this demonstration, the research focuses on extending the approach to a modular satellite design problem, namely AFRL’s Plug-and-Play Satellite (PnPSat) concept for Operationally Responsive
Space. Using the resulting analysis, recommendations to the existing PnPSat design to further increase modularity and its derived benefits are given. Lastly, the modularity analysis process and applications are used to draw conclusions and make recommendations for future research to include identifying factors that influence both modularity and the timeline to perform product assembly and check-out.
DTIC
Artificial Satellites; Computer Networks; Construction; Measurement; Modularity
28
15
LAUNCH VEHICLES AND LAUNCH OPERATIONS
Includes all classes of launch vehicles, launch/space vehicle systems, and boosters; and launch operations. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance ; and 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power .
20100014821 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Puperi, Daniel S.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010 Conference, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA
Report No.(s): JSC-18740; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Day of launch I-load uplink (DOLILU) and a corresponding day of launch trajectory and loads evaluation are being considered for the Constellation Program. Abort effectiveness, controllability, and ascent structural loads all improve with some of the flight software I-loads designed using current measured atmospheric conditions. While a generalized DOLILU framework has been assumed, specific implementation details have not yet been discussed in depth nor documented.
Operational improvements can be leveraged from Space Shuttle experience to create a more cost-effective and streamlined process while maintaining the integrity of the results. A preliminary discussion of DOLILU design methodology is presented followed by some suggestions and implementation details for Constellation Program DOLILU operations
Author
Applications Programs (Computers); Constellation Program; Launching; Trajectories; Flight Control; Loads (Forces);
Ascent
20100014942 Naval Research Lab., Bay Saint Louis, MS USA
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
Helber, Robert W; Shriver, Jay F; Barron, Charlie N; Smedstad, Ole M; Oct 20, 2009; 21 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515971; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515971
The impact of the number of satellite altimeters providing sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) information for a data assimilation system is evaluated using two comparison frameworks and two statistical methodologies. The Naval Research
Laboratory (NRL) Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) dynamically interpolates satellite SSHA track data measured from space to produce high-resolution (eddy resolving) fields. The Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System (MODAS) uses the NLOM
SSHA to produce synthetic three-dimensional fields of temperature and salinity over the global ocean. A series of case studies is defined where NLOM assimilates different combinations of data streams from zero to three altimeters. The resulting NLOM
SSHA fields and the MODAS synthetic profiles are evaluated relative to independently observed ocean temperature and salinity profiles for the years 2001-03. The NLOM SSHA values are compared with the difference of the observed dynamic height from the climatological dynamic height. The synthetics are compared with observations using a measure of thermocline depth. Comparisons are done point for point and for 1 deg radius regions that are linearly fit over 2-month periods. To evaluate the impact of data outliers, statistical evaluations are done with traditional Gaussian statistics and also with robust nonparametric statistics. Significant error reduction is obtained, particularly in high SSHA variability regions, by including at least one altimeter. Given the limitation of these methods, the overall differences between one and three altimeters are significant only in bias. Data outliers increase Gaussian statistical error and error uncertainty compared to the same computations using nonparametric statistical methods.
DTIC
Altimeters; Artificial Satellites; Oceans; Prediction Analysis Techniques
20100015300 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
Stevens, M H; Englert, C R; Jan 2007; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516756; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Earth’s mesosphere lies above the stratosphere in the region between 50 and 90 km altitude, far above where airplanes or balloons can fly. In the unique polar summer mesosphere, the temperature plummets below 150 K (-190 degrees F), making this region the coldest on Earth, so inaccessible that it is sometimes like studying the atmosphere of another planet. In this extremely rarefied and dry place, water ice particles are found in narrow layers near 82 km altitude called polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs). PMCs are not known in the published record until 1885. The specific processes leading to the formation of
PMCs are disputed. However, some evidence indicates that they became brighter and more frequent in the late 20th century, leading some scientists to argue that they are indicators of global climate change. One hypothesis reasons that increasing
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amounts of methane (CH4) emitted at the Earth’s surface by industrial and agricultural processes increase the humidity of the upper atmosphere as the methane is broken down by ultraviolet sunlight to form water vapor. Recently, NRL’s Space Science
Division scientists have complicated this hypothesis by identifying a new source for PMCs, challenging long-held beliefs about the meteorology of the upper atmosphere. Using satellite observations from NRL’s Middle Atmosphere High Resolution
Spectrograph Investigation (MAHRSI), Stevens et al. showed that the exhaust plume from the space shuttle can be transported all the way from the east coast of the USA to the Arctic summer mesosphere to form PMCs. Additional data from other experiments now reveal that this phenomenon has occurred over both poles. Here we present the initial observations leading to the discovery, and discuss its scientific impact.
DTIC
Exhaust Gases; Hydroxyl Radicals; Mesosphere; Noctilucent Clouds; Plumes; Polar Regions; Space Shuttles; Summer
20100015499 United Space Alliance, Houston, TX, USA
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory Design and Verification
Harrington, Brian E.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Annual Technical Symposium 2010, 30 Apr. 2010, Houston, TX, USA
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20462; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
A top priority of any launch vehicle is to insert as much mass into the desired orbit as possible. This requirement must be traded against vehicle capability in terms of dynamic control, thermal constraints, and structural margins. The vehicle is certified to a specific structural envelope which will yield certain performance characteristics of mass to orbit. Some envelopes cannot be certified generically and must be checked with each mission design. The most sensitive envelopes require an assessment on the day-of-launch. To further minimize vehicle loads while maximizing vehicle performance, a day-of-launch trajectory can be designed. This design is optimized according to that day s wind and atmospheric conditions, which will increase the probability of launch. The day-of-launch trajectory verification is critical to the vehicle s safety. The Day-Of-
Launch I-Load Uplink (DOLILU) is the process by which the Space Shuttle Program redesigns the vehicle steering commands to fit that day s environmental conditions and then rigorously verifies the integrated vehicle trajectory s loads, controls, and performance. The Shuttle methodology is very similar to other USA unmanned launch vehicles. By extension, this method would be similar to the methods employed for any future NASA launch vehicles. This presentation will provide an overview of the Shuttle s day-of-launch trajectory optimization and verification as an example of a more generic application of dayoflaunch design and validation.
Author
Launch Vehicles; Trajectory Optimization; Spacecraft Launching; Dynamic Control; Trajectory Control; Loads (Forces)
20100015533 Army Training and Doctrine Command, Fort Monroe, VA USA
Cyberspace Operations Concept Capability Plan 2016-2028
Feb 22, 2010; 78 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516590; TRADOC-P-525-7-8; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The operational environment (OE) has changed dramatically. The technologic convergence of computer and telecommunication networks; astonishing rates of technologic advancements; global proliferation of information and communications technology (ICT) and its consequent effect in social networks and in society impact the OE. The diverse and wide arrays of agents who use or exploit this technological revolution pose a grave threat to U.S. critical infrastructure and operational missions. These agents range from traditional nation-states to noncombatants, transnational corporations, criminal organizations, terrorists, hacker unions, mischievous hackers, and the unwitting individual who intends no malice.
Collectively, they combine to create a condition of perpetual turbulence without traditional end states or resolution. Unless otherwise noted in this document, the terms adversary and adversaries are used in this broad context.
DTIC
Computer Networks; Information Systems; Convergence
20100015569 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
Sankaranarayanan, Vidyaraman; Upadhyaya, Shambhu; Kwiat, Kevin; Proceedings of IASTED Conference: Wireless and
Optical Communications (WOC 2008); May 2008; 8 pp.; In English; IASTED Conference on Wireless and Optical
Communications, 26 - 28 May 2008, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4519
Report No.(s): AD-A516586; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-60; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Quality-of-Service (QoS) in disadvantaged networks is a function of many parameters, including the nature of the
30
physical link over which the disadvantaged network operates. While there exist mechanisms (like specialized versions of TCP) to account for their nature and operate optimally over disadvantaged networks, their operation under adversarial conditions have not been investigated. In the authors’ prior work, they presented a game theoretic framework to infer the nature of a QoS loss in disadvantaged networks. In this work, they present the translation of the theoretical framework to a satellite based disadvantaged network. This paper shows the feasibility of the game theoretic formulations in satellite networks through simulations in Opnet.
DTIC
Game Theory; Inference; Losses; Satellite Networks
20100015837 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 3, Fall 2005
Berg, Paul D; Burdette, Roger; Carter, Larry; Sep 2005; 132 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516844; AFRP-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516844
This issue of the Air and Space Power Journal contains the following articles: The Portuguese Air Force: a Look Ahead;
Origins of the Royal Bahraini Air Force; Coalition Perspectives on Airpower and Space Power; Effects-Based Operations and
Counterterrorism; Effects-Based Operations: A Military Application of Pragmatical Analysis; Tomorrow’s Air Warfare A
German Perspective on the Way Ahead; Unmanned Aerial Vehicles/Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: Likely Missions and
Challenges for the Policy-Relevant Future; Air Superiority: A Sine Qua Non; Countering a Strategic Gambit: Keeping US
Airpower Employable in a China-Taiwan Conflict; The Future of US Airpower on the Korean Peninsula; Toward Information
Superiority The Contribution of Operational Net Assessment; Public Affairs and Information Operations: A Strategy for
Success; Honoring a Fallen Airman and Introducing the Latest Chronicles; Centralized Execution in the Air Force; The
Combat Aviation Advisory Mission in Iraq; Book Reviews.
DTIC
Aerospace Systems; Airspace; Warfare
20100015911 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
Rahman, Shamim A.; April 13, 2010; 38 pp.; In English; AIAA Greater New Orleans Section Meeting, 13 Apr. 2010, New
Orleans, LA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): SPPT-630-0001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015911
Space launch vehicle begins with a basic propulsion stage, and serves as a missile or small launch vehicle; many are traceable to the 1945 German A-4. Increasing stage size, and increasingly energetic propulsion allows for heavier payloads and greater. Earth to Orbit lift capability. Liquid rocket propulsion began with use of storable (UDMH/N2O4) and evolved to high performing cryogenics (LOX/RP, and LOX/LH). Growth versions of SLV’s rely on strap-on propulsive stages of either solid propellants or liquid propellants.
Author
Spacecraft Launching; Launch Vehicles; Rocket Vehicles; Liquid Rocket Propellants; Liquid Oxygen
20100015930 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
Carlson, Bruce; Jan 2000; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517250; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517250
Invisible lines of satellite information are rapidly supplementing the sea lanes, roads, and cables of today and yesterday.
Television, voice, weather, images, location, and other data stream down to Earth from satellites orbiting above -- all of which are operated by military, civil, or commercial entities. These satellites perform functions similar to those of terrestrial public utilities, providing needed goods and services. Unlike their earthbound counterparts, which service only a neighbor hood or city, these utilities are used on almost every continent by billions of people and may thus be appropriately labeled global utilities. They are critically important to the national security, economies, and safety of the user nations. Over the past years, the reliance on satellites for all types of global utilities has increased, and future loss of any of these satellites, whether through operator error or subversion, would have drastic implications. Satellite services are invaluable to the USA and its allies. The
31
use of space is one of this country’s greatest strengths, but extensive reliance on global utilities also represents a substantial liability. Currently no physical system exists for protecting these global utilities. We can bring to bear economic, political, and other multilateral pressures on an offending nation or group, and we are party to treaties and agreements that prohibit certain activities -- these have worked well in the past. But what if the threat comes from nongovernment organizations, terrorist groups, or an adversarial nation? Or what if we are unable to identify the sources of the offense? Treaties and sanctions may not prove so effective. The argument presented here is that protecting global utilities is a natural extension of the Air Force mission to protect other high-value airborne assets; it is also an extension of the Department of Defense’s protection of all friendly assets.
DTIC
Communication Satellites; Meteorological Satellites; Navigation Satellites; Protection; Utilities
20100016078 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
Saunders, Phillip C; Lutes, Charles D; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517485; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
China launched a direct-ascent ASAT weapon on January 11, 2007, which struck a Chinese FY-1 weather satellite in low
Earth orbit (LEO). The ASAT’s kinetic kill vehicle was likely boosted by a two-stage launcher based on a DF-21 medium-range ballistic missile, which may be mounted on a mobile launcher. China reportedly conducted several previous tests of the system; it is unclear if the same configuration was used for all the tests. The successful test demonstrates a Chinese capability to destroy a number of U.S. satellites in LEO used for reconnaissance, remote sensing, surveillance, electronic surveillance, and meteorology. The direct-ascent ASAT appears to be part of a larger Chinese ASAT program that includes ground-based lasers and jamming of satellite signals. People’s Republic of China (PRC) analysts, scientists, and strategists have written extensively about ASAT weapons and potential means of countering U.S. military uses of space. The revelation by the director of the NRO that Chinese lasers have painted U.S. satellites indicates a capability to disrupt imaging satellites by dazzling or blinding them. Jamming can disrupt U.S. military communications and global positioning system (GPS) navigation and targeting signals. The exact performance characteristics of Chinese systems are unknown, but a range of ASAT capabilities would provide flexible options to temporarily or permanently deny U.S. space capabilities. The NDU’s Institute for National Strategic Studies convened an unclassified roundtable to discuss the motivations and implications of China’s direct-ascent ASAT weapons test. The roundtable was intended to highlight issues and perspectives that U.S. policy makers should consider in thinking about U.S. responses to the test. This report draws heavily on views expressed at the discussion, but the authors have added further analysis to provide a fuller explication of the relevant policy issues.
DTIC
Ascent; China; Countermeasures; International Relations; Missiles; Motivation
20100016100 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA
The Target Indicator Experiment on TacSat-2
Duffey, T M; Huffine, C M; Nicholson, S B; Steininger, M L; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517554; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Navy’s Target Indicator Experiment (TIE) payload is part of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)-developed
TacSat-2 spacecraft, which is the second in a series of Operationally Responsive Space (ORS) satellites built to experiment with making space-based assets more responsive to the needs of tactical forces. TacSat-2 was launched on 16 December 2006 from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility on a Minotaur 1 launch vehicle. The spacecraft was placed into a 420 km orbit at an inclination of 40 degrees. The NRL TIE payload is designed to perform real-time collection of RF signals from 0.5 to 18.0
GHz using an adaptation of an unmanned air vehicle payload. The TIE payload is also capable of collecting the Automatic
Identification System (AIS) signal now required on large ships for maritime safety and security.
DTIC
Artificial Satellites; Electromagnetic Pulses; Position Indicators; Targets
20100016116 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave Radiometer
Li, L; Gaiser, P; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517609; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Soil moisture monitoring from space has been designated a very high science and operational priority by the DoD,
32
NOAA, NASA, and the National Research Council Earth Science Decadal Survey. Soil moisture is also a linchpin environmental variable supporting Battlespace Environment assessment/ prediction and C4ISR (command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance). Despite the importance of soil moisture applications, current sensors and algorithms do not satisfy measurement requirements. Using data from the NRL WindSat sensor, we have developed a passive microwave land algorithm to retrieve soil moisture and vegetation water content globally from space. The validation results suggest that the algorithm can meet the requirements of 50 km resolution soil moisture mapping under low to moderate vegetation conditions.
DTIC
Algorithms; Detection; Microwave Radiometers; Moisture Content; Polarimetry; Remote Sensing; Scientific Satellites; Soil
Moisture
20100016273 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Thrust and Performance Study of Micro Pulsed Plasma Thrusters
Selstrom, Jeremy J.; March 2010; 148 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516751; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M21; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This research is focused on several areas of the micro PPT performance. An important idea studied is the effect of lifetime use on the performance. The thruster is fired for a simulated lifetime of use to see if there is an impact on the thrust of the thruster later in life. Also vital is the efficiency of the thruster. A micro PPT performing at max efficiency will ionize all ablated material; however, we know that not to be the case. In this research the effort is made to collect these non-ionized particles in order to measure their mass post-test. With this collected mass and a knowledge of how much the thruster has ablated, it can be determined what percentage of the propellant has been ionized. With the non-ionized particles also comes a concern about contamination. Knowing the amount of particles that can collect at the end of a lifetime of use allows a better understanding of what contamination issues a spacecraft may have and what precautions need to be made.
DTIC
Contamination; Plasma Engines; Pulsed Plasma Thrusters; Thrust
20100016308 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Creech, Steve; Mar. 6, 2010; 15 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA
Report No.(s): M09-0604; M10-0048; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016308
Numerous technical and programmatic studies since the U.S. space program began in the 1960s has emphasized the need for a heavy lift capability for exploration beyond low Earth orbit (LEO). The Saturn V once embodied that capability until it was retired. Now the Ares V cargo launch vehicle (CaLV) promises to restore and improve on that capability, providing unprecedented opportunities for human and robotic exploration, science, national security and commercial uses. This paper provides an overview of the capabilities of Ares V, both as an opportunity for payloads of increased mass and/or volume, and as a means of reducing risk in the payload design process. The Ares V is part of NASA s Constellation Program, which also includes the Ares I crew launch vehicle (CLV), Orion crew exploration vehicle (CEV), and Altair lunar lander. This architecture is designed to carry out the national space policy goals of completing the International Space Station (ISS), retiring the Space Shuttle fleet, and expanding human exploration beyond LEO. The Ares V is designed to loft upper stages and/or cargo, such as the Altair lander, into LEO. The Ares I is designed to put Orion into LEO with a crew of up to four for rendezvous with the ISS or with the Ares V Earth departure stage for journeys to the Moon. While retaining the goals of heritage hardware and commonality, the Ares V configuration continues to be refined through a series of internal trades. The current reference configuration was recommended by the Ares Projects and approved by the Constellation Program during the
Lunar Capabilities Concept Review (LCCR) June 2008. The reference configuration defines the Ares V as 381 feet (116m) tall with a gross lift-off mass (GLOM) of 8.1 million pounds (3,704.5 mT). Its first stage will generate 11 million pounds of sea-level liftoff thrust. It will be capable of launching 413,800 pounds (187.7 mT) to LEO, 138,500 pounds (63 mT) direct to the Moon or 156,700 pounds (71.1 mT) in its dual-launch architecture role with Ares I. It could also launch 123,100 pounds
(55.8 mT) to Sun-Earth L2. Assessment of astronomy payload requirements since Spring 2008 has indicated that Ares V has the potential to support a range of payloads and missions. Some of these missions were impossible in the absence of Ares V s capabilities. Collaborative design/architecture inputs, exchanges, and analyses have already begun between scientists and payload developers. A 2008 study by a National Research Council (NRC) panel, as well as analyses presented by astronomers and planetary scientists at two weekend conferences in 2008, support the position that Ares V has benefit to a broad range of
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planetary and astronomy missions. This early dialogue with Ares V engineers is permitting the greatest opportunity for payload/transportation/mission synergy and with the least financial impact to Ares V development. In addition, independent analyses suggest that Ares V has the opportunity to enable more cost-effective mission design. 1
Author
Ares 5 Cargo Launch Vehicle; Launch Vehicles; Payloads; Saturn 5 Launch Vehicles; Constellation Program; Cost
Effectiveness; Crew Exploration Vehicle; International Space Station; Low Earth Orbits; Space Missions; Cargo
16
SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
Includes passenger and cargo space transportation, e.g., shuttle operations; and space rescue techniques. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety; 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations ; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance .
For space suits see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support .
20100014822 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial Resupply to the International Space Station
Koons, Diane S.; Schreiber, Craig; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Fourth Annual International Association for the Advancement of Space, 19-21 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19846; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Under the Commercial Crew/Cargo Project Office at Johnson Space Center, NASA awarded Space Act Agreements
(SAAs) for Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) in August 2006 to facilitate U.S. private industry demonstration of cargo transportation capabilities, ultimately achieving reliable, cost effective access to low-Earth orbit. Each
COTS provider is required to complete International Space Stations (ISS) Integration activities, which includes meeting the physical and functional interfaces and interface requirements between the ISS and COTS vehicles as defined in SSP 50808
International Space Station (ISS) to Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) Interface Requirements Document
(IRD). These requirements focus on the areas of risk to the ISS during rendezvous and proximity operations, as well as the integration operations while the COTS vehicle is berthed to the ISS. On December 23, 2008, NASA awarded Commercial
Resupply Service (CRS) contracts to provide resupply services to the ISS, following the Shuttle retirement. Each CRS contractor will have to provide delta ISS Integration activities, as a result of vehicle design or operational changes. In addition,
NASA will be performing independent assessments of the launch vehicle and orbital vehicle to evaluate the readiness of the contractor to deliver NASA cargo safely to the ISS. This paper will address the activities NASA Centers, both JSC and KSC, are involved with in the oversight and insight role for commercial visiting vehicles to the ISS.
Author
Cargo; International Space Station; Orbital Servicing; Risk; Cost Effectiveness; Launch Vehicles; Functional Design
Specifications
20100014847 Aerospace Corp., Houston, TX, USA
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Barr, Stephanie; [2010]; 62 pp.; In English; 4th International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety, 19-21 May
2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNJ06JA01C
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20176; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014847
Studies done in the past have drawn on lessons learned with regard to human loss-of-life events. However, an examination of near-fatal accidents can be equally useful, not only in detecting causes, both proximate and systemic, but also for determining what factors averted disaster, what design decisions and/or operator actions prevented catastrophe. Binary pass/fail launch history is often used for risk, but this also has limitations. A program with a number of near misses can look more reliable than a consistently healthy program with a single out-of-family failure. Augmenting reliability evaluations with this near miss data can provide insight and expand on the limitations of a strictly pass/fail evaluation. This paper intends to show how near-miss lessons learned can provide crucial data for any new human spaceflight programs that are interested in sending man into space
Author
Lessons Learned; Space Flight; Risk; Failure; Launching; Disasters
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20100014848 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz Spacecraft Mission
Lutomski, Michael G.; Farnham, Steven J., II; Grant, Warren C.; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; 10th International Probabilistic
Safety Assessment and Management, 7-11 Jun. 2010, Seattle, WA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20182; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014848
Once the US Space Shuttle retires in 2010, the Russian Soyuz Launcher and Soyuz Spacecraft will comprise the only means for crew transportation to and from the International Space Station (ISS). The U.S. Government and NASA have contracted for crew transportation services to the ISS with Russia. The resulting implications for the US space program including issues such as astronaut safety must be carefully considered. Are the astronauts and cosmonauts safer on the Soyuz than the Space Shuttle system? Is the Soyuz launch system more robust than the Space Shuttle? Is it safer to continue to fly the 30 year old Shuttle fleet for crew transportation and cargo resupply than the Soyuz? Should we extend the life of the Shuttle
Program? How does the development of the Orion/Ares crew transportation system affect these decisions? The Soyuz launcher has been in operation for over 40 years. There have been only two loss of life incidents and two loss of mission incidents.
Given that the most recent incident took place in 1983, how do we determine current reliability of the system? Do failures of unmanned Soyuz rockets impact the reliability of the currently operational man-rated launcher? Does the Soyuz exhibit characteristics that demonstrate reliability growth and how would that be reflected in future estimates of success? NASA s next manned rocket and spacecraft development project is currently underway. Though the projects ultimate goal is to return to the
Moon and then to Mars, the launch vehicle and spacecraft s first mission will be for crew transportation to and from the ISS.
The reliability targets are currently several times higher than the Shuttle and possibly even the Soyuz. Can these targets be compared to the reliability of the Soyuz to determine whether they are realistic and achievable? To help answer these questions this paper will explore how to estimate the reliability of the Soyuz Launcher/Spacecraft system, compare it to the Space
Shuttle, and its potential impacts for the future of manned spaceflight. Specifically it will look at estimating the Loss of
Mission (LOM) probability using historical data, reliability growth, and Probabilistic Risk Assessment techniques
Author
Soyuz Spacecraft; Reliability; Risk Assessment; Space Shuttle Orbiters; Probability Theory; International Space Station;
Estimating; Failure; Manned Spacecraft; Spacecraft Design; Launch Vehicles
20100015687 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
Valley, Michael T.; Kearney, Sean P.; Ackermann, Mark R.; February 2009; 43 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966938; SAND-2009-0692; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
We report the results of an LDRD effort to investigate new technologies for the identification of small-sized (mm to cm) debris in low-earth orbit. This small-yetenergetic debris presents a threat to the integrity of space-assets worldwide and represents significant security challenge to the international community. We present a nonexhaustive review of recent US and
Russian efforts to meet the challenges of debris identification and removal and then provide a detailed description of joint
US-Russian plans for sensitive, laser-based imaging of small debris at distances of hundreds of kilometers and relative velocities of several kilometers per second. Plans for the upcoming experimental testing of these imaging schemes are presented and a preliminary path toward system integration is identified
NTIS
Debris; Imaging Techniques; Lasers; Low Earth Orbits
20100016326 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Abrasion Testing of Candidate Outer Layer Fabrics for Lunar EVA Space Suits
Mitchell, Kathryn C.; [2010]; 14 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010,
Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 903184.04.01.01
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20038; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016326
During the Apollo program, the space suit outer layer fabrics were badly abraded after just a few Extravehicular Activities
(EVAs). For example, the Apollo 12 commander reported abrasive wear on the boots, which penetrated the outer layer fabric into the thermal protection layers after less than eight hours of surface operations. Current plans for the Constellation Space
Suit Element require the space suits to support hundreds of hours of EVA on the Lunar surface, creating a challenge for space
35
suit designers to utilize materials advances made over the last forty years and improve upon the space suit fabrics used in the
Apollo program. A test methodology has been developed by the NASA Johnson Space Center Crew and Thermal Systems
Division for establishing comparative abrasion wear characteristics between various candidate space suit outer layer fabrics.
The abrasion test method incorporates a large rotary drum tumbler with rocks and loose lunar simulant material to induce abrasion in fabric test cylinder elements, representative of what might occur during long term planetary surface EVAs.
Preliminary materials screening activities were conducted to determine the degree of wear on representative space suit outer layer materials and the corresponding dust permeation encountered between subsequent sub -layers of thermal protective materials when exposed to a simulated worst case eight hour EVA. The test method was used to provide a preliminary evaluation of four candidate outer layer fabrics for future planetary surface space suit applications. This Paper provides a review of previous abrasion studies on space suit fabrics, details the methodologies used for abrasion testing in this particular study, and shares the results and conclusions of the testing.
Author
Abrasion; Thermal Protection; Space Suits; Fabrics
20100016328 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and Orbital Debris
Ryan, Shannon; Christiansen, Erie; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 61st International Astronautical Congress, Prague, France
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20097; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Ballistic Limit Equations (BLEs) lie at the heart of Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris (MMOD) risk assessments, yet are often unpublished, loosely validated, or simply open to misinterpretation through insufficient documentation. Furthermore, for common MMOD shields, multiple competing BLEs often exist, each with their own underlying assumptions and predictive biases. In order to provide a more user-friendly means to perform preliminary shield sizing, performance evaluations, and parametric studies, a simple software program has been developed by the Hypervelocity Impact Technology Facility (HITF) at NASA Johnson Space Center. The program is written in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), and is intended to be freely distributed as an add-in to Microsoft Excel . BLEs are provided for single wall, dual wall, triple wall, and advanced shield types, along with common thermal protection systems (TPS) and transparent materials. The effects of multi-layer insulation and projectile shape (ellipsoid only) can also be included in the evaluation. In the case of configurations for which multiple approaches exist, e.g. metallic Whipple shield, a competitive evaluation has been performed using a compilation of over 440 experimental data points to identify the most accurate. The software is distributed together with a user manual which documents, and provides validity bounds, for each of the program s underlying equations.
Author
Micrometeoroids; Shielding; Hypervelocity Impact; Projectiles; Risk; Thermal Protection; Multilayer Insulation; Space
Debris
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SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
Includes space systems telemetry; space communications networks; astronavigation and guidance; and spacecraft radio blackout. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation ; and 32 Communications and Radar .
20100014897 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Naasz, Bo; Eepoel, John Van; Queen, Steve; Southward, C. Michael; Hannah, Joel; [2010]; 24 pp.; In English; 33rd Annual
AAS Guidance and Control Conference, 6-10 Feb. 2010, Breckenridge, CO, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): AAS 10-086; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014897
On May 11, 2009, Space Shuttle Atlantis roared off of Launch Pad 39A enroute to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to undertake its final servicing of HST, Servicing Mission 4. Onboard Atlantis was a small payload called the Relative
Navigation Sensor experiment, which included three cameras of varying focal ranges, avionics to record images and estimate, in real time, the relative position and attitude (aka ‘pose’) of the telescope during rendezvous and deploy. The avionics package, known as SpaceCube and developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center, performed image processing using field programmable gate arrays to accelerate this process, and in addition executed two different pose algorithms in parallel, the
36
Goddard Natural Feature Image Recognition and the ULTOR Passive Pose and Position Engine (P3E) algorithms
Author
Navigation Instruments; Attitude (Inclination); Avionics; Hubble Space Telescope; Space Shuttles; Payloads; Launching;
Image Processing; Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
20100015053 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
Stoneking, Eric T.; Shah, Neerav; Chai, Dean J.; [2010]; 11 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL,
USA; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015053
GlastCam and LROCam are closely-related tools developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for real-time visualization of spacecraft telemetry, developed for the Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) and Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) missions, respectively. Derived from a common simulation tool, they use related but different architectures to ingest real-time spacecraft telemetry and ground predicted ephemerides, and to compute and display features of special interest to each mission in its operational environment. We describe the architectures of GlastCam and LROCam, the customizations required to fit into the mission operations environment, and the features that were found to be especially useful in early operations for their respective missions. Both tools have a primary window depicting a three-dimensional Cam view of the spacecraft that may be freely manipulated by the user. The scene is augmented with fields of view, pointing constraints, and other features which enhance situational awareness. Each tool also has another ‘Map’ window showing the spacecraft’s groundtrack projected onto a map of the Earth or Moon, along with useful features such as the Sun, eclipse regions, and TDRS satellite locations. Additional windows support specialized checkout tasks. One such window shows the star tracker fields of view, with tracking window locations and the mission star catalog. This view was instrumental for
GLAST in quickly resolving a star tracker mounting polarity issue; visualization made the 180-deg mismatch immediately obvious. Full access to GlastCam’s source code also made possible a rapid coarse star tracker mounting calibration with some on the fly code adjustments; adding a fine grid to measure alignment offsets, and introducing a calibration quaternion which could be adjusted within GlastCam without perturbing the flight parameters. This calibration, from concept to completion, took less than half an hour. Both GlastCam and LROCam were developed in the C language, with non-proprietary support libraries, for ease of customization and portability. This no-blackboxes aspect enables engineers to adapt quickly to unforeseen circumstances in the intense operations environment. GlastCam and LROCam were installed on multiple workstations in the operations support rooms, allowing independent use by multiple subsystems, systems engineers and managers, with negligible draw on telemetry system resources.
Author
Gamma Rays; Hubble Space Telescope; Lunar Orbiter; Real Time Operation; Telemetry; Scientific Visualization; Space
Missions
20100015203 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Assessment, Planning, and Execution Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
Frigm, Ryan C.; Levi, Joshua A.; Mantziaras, Dimitrios C.; [2010]; 13 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010 Conference, 25-30
Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04DA01C; NNG10CP02C; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015203
An operational Conjunction Assessment Risk Analysis (CARA) concept is the real-time process of assessing risk posed by close approaches and reacting to those risks if necessary. The most effective way to completely mitigate conjunction risk is to perform an avoidance maneuver. The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center has implemented a routine CARA process since 2005. Over this period, considerable experience has been gained and many lessons have been learned. This paper identifies and presents these experiences as general concepts in the description of the Conjunction Assessment, Flight
Dynamics, and Flight Operations methodologies and processes. These general concepts will be tied together and will be exemplified through a case study of an actual high risk conjunction event for the Aura mission.
Author
Flight Operations; Risk Assessment; Earth Sciences; Management Planning
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20100015410 General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Vandenberg AFB, CA, USA
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
Walke, Jon G.; Dikeman, Larry; Sage, Stephen P.; Miller, Eric M.; March 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNC07CB54C; WBS 387652.02.02.02.03
Report No.(s): NASA/CR-2010-216097; E-17151; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015410
This report describes network-centric operations, where a virtual mission operations center autonomously receives sensor triggers, and schedules space and ground assets using Internet-based technologies and service-oriented architectures. For proof-of-concept purposes, sensor triggers are received from the USA Geological Survey (USGS) to determine targets for space-based sensors. The Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL) Disaster Monitoring Constellation satellite, the
UK-DMC, is used as the space-based sensor. The UK-DMC’s availability is determined via machine-to-machine communications using SSTL’s mission planning system. Access to/from the UK-DMC for tasking and sensor data is via
SSTL’s and Universal Space Network’s (USN) ground assets. The availability and scheduling of USN’s assets can also be performed autonomously via machine-to-machine communications. All communication, both on the ground and between ground and space, uses open Internet standards
Author
Autonomy; Computer Networks; Computer Security; Service Oriented Architecture; Geological Surveys; Mission Planning;
Internets
20100015507 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical Assembly Tracking Mechanism for LISA
Thorpe, James Ira; Stebbins, Robin; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 38th Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) Assembly,
18-25 Jul. 2010, Bremen, Germany; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
After injection into their specific orbits, the position of the LISA spacecraft are not actively controlled. Rather the spacecraft are allowed to passively follow their trajectories and the roughly equilateral triangular constellation is preserved.
Slight variations in the orbits cause the constellation to experience both periodic and secular variations, one consequence of which is a variation in the interior angles of the constellation on the order of one degree. This variation is larger than the field of view of the LISA telescope, requiring a mechanism for each spacecraft to maintain pointing to its two companions. This
Optical Assembly Tracking Mechanism (OATM) will be used to accommodate these variations while maintaining pointing at the ten nanoradian level to the far spacecraft. Here we report on a possible design for the OATM as well as initial results from a test campaign of a piezo-inchworm actuator used to drive the mechanism.
Author
Optical Tracking; Active Control; Trajectories; Secular Variations; Periodic Variations; Actuators; Field of View
20100015515 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band Space Communications for Near-Earth Spacecraft
McCarthy, Kevin P.; Stocklin, Frank J.; Geldzahler, Barry J.; Friedman, Daniel E.; Celeste, Peter B.; [2010]; 12 pp.; In
English; SpaceOps 2010, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015515
Over the next several years, NASA plans to launch multiple earth-science missions which will send data from low-Earth orbits to ground stations at 1-3 Gbps, to achieve data throughputs of 5-40 terabits per day. These transmission rates exceed the capabilities of S-band and X-band frequency allocations used for science probe downlinks in the past. Accordingly, NASA is exploring enhancements to its space communication capabilities to provide the Agency’s first Ka-band architecture solution for next generation missions in the near-earth regime. This paper describes the proposed Ka-band solution’s drivers and concept, constraints and analyses which shaped that concept, and expansibility for future needs
Author
Space Communication; Extremely High Frequencies; Ultrahigh Frequencies; Low Earth Orbits; Ground Stations; Launching
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20100015636 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
Wintucky, Edwin G.; Simons, Rainee N.; Chevalier, Christine T.; Freeman, Jon C.; March 2010; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 806866.02.03.0645.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216253; E-17239; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015636
A novel Ka-band high efficiency asymmetric waveguide four-port combiner for coherent combining of two Monolithic
Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) Solid State Power Amplifiers (SSPAs) having unequal outputs has been successfully designed, fabricated and characterized over the NASA deep space frequency band from 31.8 to 32.3 GHz. The measured combiner efficiency is greater than 90 percent, the return loss greater than 18 dB and input port isolation greater than 22 dB.
The manufactured combiner was designed for an input power ratio of 2:1 but can be custom designed for any arbitrary power ratio. Applications considered are NASA s space communications systems needing 6 to 10 W of radio frequency (RF) power.
This Technical Memorandum (TM) is an expanded version of the article recently published in Institute of Engineering and
Technology (IET) Electronics Letters.
Author
Telecommunication; Space Communication; Microwave Circuits; Microwave Amplifiers; Power Amplifiers; Integrated
Circuits
20100016330 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
Phillips, Robert G.; Wang, Lui; Apr. 20, 2010; 10 pp.; In English; InfoTech\@Aerospace, 20-22 Apr. 2010, Atlanta, GA, USA;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20212; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016330
NASA has used procedures to describe activities to be performed onboard vehicles by astronaut crew and on the ground by flight controllers since Apollo. Starting with later Space Shuttle missions and the International Space Station, NASA moved forward to electronic presentation of procedures. For the Constellation Program, another large step forward is being taken to make procedures more interactive with the vehicle and to assist the crew in controlling the vehicle more efficiently and with less error. The overall name for the project is the Constellation Procedure Applications Software System (CxPASS). This paper describes some of the history behind this effort, the key concepts and operational paradigms that the work is based upon, and the actual products being developed to implement procedures for Constellation
Author
Constellation Program; International Space Station; Procedures; Flight Control; Applications Programs (Computers); Space
Shuttle Missions
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SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls; and spacecraft control and stability characteristics. For life support systems see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support . For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; 39 Structural Mechanics ; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety .
20100014953 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere Revitalization Technology
Button, Amy B.; Swerterlitsch, Jeffrey J.; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems,
11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19972; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014953
An amine-based carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor sorbent in pressure-swing regenerable beds has been developed by Hamilton Sundstrand and baselined for the Orion Atmosphere Revitalization System (ARS). In three previous years at this conference, reports were presented on extensive Johnson Space Center (JSC) testing of this technology in a sea-level pressure environment, with simulated and real human metabolic loads, in both open and closed-loop configurations. The test article
39
design was iterated a third time before the latest series of such tests, which was performed in the first half of 2009. The new design incorporates a canister configuration modification for overall unit compactness and reduced pressure drop, as well as a new process flow control valve that incorporates both compressed gas purge and dual-end vacuum desorption capabilities.
This newest test article is very similar to the flight article designs. Baseline tests of the new unit were performed to compare its performance to that of the previous test articles. Testing of compressed gas purge operations helped refine launchpad operating condition recommendations developed in earlier testing. Operating conditions used in flight program computer models were tested to validate the model projections. Specific operating conditions that were recommended by the JSC test team based on past test results were also tested for validation. The effects of vacuum regeneration line pressure on resulting cabin conditions was studied for high metabolic load periods, and a maximum pressure is recommended
Author
Amines; Carbon Dioxide; Water Vapor; Sorbents; Control Valves; Compressed Gas; Vapor Pressure; Time Series Analysis
20100015497 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Project Interface Requirements Process Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
Bauch, Garland T.; [2010]; 30 pp.; In English; AIAA Technical Symposium 2010, 30 Apr. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20345; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015497
Most failures occur at interfaces between organizations and hardware. Processing interface requirements at the start of a project life cycle will reduce the likelihood of costly interface changes/failures later. This can be done by adding Interface
Control Documents (ICDs) to the Project top level drawing tree, providing technical direction to the Projects for interface requirements, and by funding the interface requirements function directly from the Project Manager’s office. The interface requirements function within the Project Systems Engineering and Integration (SE&I) Office would work in-line with the project element design engineers early in the life cycle to enhance communications and negotiate technical issues between the elements. This function would work as the technical arm of the Project Manager to help ensure that the Project cost, schedule, and risk objectives can be met during the Life Cycle. Some ICD Lessons Learned during the Space Shuttle Program (SSP)
Life Cycle will include the use of hardware interface photos in the ICD, progressive life cycle design certification by analysis, test, & operations experience, assigning interface design engineers to Element Interface (EI) and Project technical panels, and linking interface design drawings with project build drawings
Author
Lessons Learned; Space Shuttles; Systems Engineering; Control Systems Design; Requirements; System Failures
20100015582 NASA White Sands Test Facility, NM, USA
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Hirsch, David B.; Williams, James H.; Harper, Susana A.; Beeson, Harold D.; Ruff, Gary A.; Pedley, Michael D.; [2010];
5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20193; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015582
A test program was performed to determine the highest pressure in oxygen where materials used in the planned NASA
Constellation Program Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) Crew Module (CM) would not propagate a flame if an ignition source was present. The test methodology used was similar to that previously used to determine the maximum oxygen concentration (MOC) at which self-extinguishment occurs under constant total pressure conditions. An upward limiting pressure index (ULPI) was determined, where approximately 50 percent of the materials self-extinguish in a given environment. Following this, the maximum total pressure (MTP) was identified; where all samples tested (at least five) self-extinguished following the NASA-STD-6001.A Test 1 burn length criteria. The results obtained on seven materials indicate that the non-metallic materials become flammable in oxygen between 0.4 and 0.9 psia.
Author
Flammability; Oxygen; Crew Exploration Vehicle; Constellation Program; Aircraft Construction Materials; Spacecraft
Construction Materials; Spacecraft Modules
40
20100015768 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
Ares 1-X Roll Control System Development
Unger, Ronald J.; Massey, Edmund C.; February 09, 2010; In English; Project Management Challenge 2010, 9-10 Feb. 2010,
Galveston, TX, USA; 3 min., 05 sec. playing time, color, sound
Report No.(s): M10-0167; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01 , CD-ROM
This video provides footage of the Ares 1-X launch and subsequent roll control system testing.
CASI
Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Lateral Control; Systems Engineering
20100016281 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic Integrated Thermal Protection System Structure
Behnke, Marlana N.; Sharma, Anurag; Przekop, Adam; Rizzi, Stephen A.; Apr. 12, 2010; 14 pp.; In English; 51st
AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL,
USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 599489.02.07.07.02.02.01
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-3121; NF1676L-9264; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016281
A study is undertaken to investigate the response of a representative integrated thermal protection system structure under combined thermal, aerodynamic pressure, and acoustic loadings. A two-step procedure is offered and consists of a heat transfer analysis followed by a nonlinear dynamic analysis under a combined loading environment. Both analyses are carried out in physical degrees-of-freedom using implicit and explicit solution techniques available in the Abaqus commercial finite-element code. The initial study is conducted on a reduced-size structure to keep the computational effort contained while validating the procedure and exploring the effects of individual loadings. An analysis of a full size integrated thermal protection system structure, which is of ultimate interest, is subsequently presented. The procedure is demonstrated to be a viable approach for analysis of spacecraft and hypersonic vehicle structures under a typical mission cycle with combined loadings characterized by largely different time-scales.
Author
Thermal Protection; Dynamic Loads; Spacecraft Structures; Systems Integration; Thermal Analysis; Hypersonic Vehicles
20100016283 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar Landing
Arthur, Jarvis J., III; Bailey, Randall E.; Jackson, E. Bruce; Williams, Steven P.; Kramer, Lynda J.; Barnes, James R.; Apr. 5,
2010; 13 pp.; In English; SPIE Defense Security and Sensing Symposium, 5-9 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 609866.02.07.07.02
Report No.(s): NF1676L-9664; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016283
During Apollo, the constraints placed by the design of the Lunar Module (LM) window for crew visibility and landing trajectory were a major problem. Lunar landing trajectories were tailored to provide crew visibility using nearly 70 degrees look-down angle from the canted LM windows. Apollo landings were scheduled only at specific times and locations to provide optimal sunlight on the landing site. The complications of trajectory design and crew visibility are still a problem today.
Practical vehicle designs for lunar lander missions using optimal or near-optimal fuel trajectories render the natural vision of the crew from windows inadequate for the approach and landing task. Further, the sun angles for the desirable landing areas in the lunar polar regions create visually powerful, season-long shadow effects. Fortunately, Synthetic and Enhanced Vision
(S/EV) technologies, conceived and developed in the aviation domain, may provide solutions to this visibility problem and enable additional benefits for safer, more efficient lunar operations. Piloted simulation evaluations have been conducted to assess the handling qualities of the various lunar landing concepts, including the influence of cockpit displays and the informational data and formats. Evaluation pilots flew various landing scenarios with S/EV displays. For some of the evaluation trials, an eye glasses-mounted, monochrome monocular display, coupled with head tracking, was worn. The head-worn display scene consisted of S/EV fusion concepts. The results of this experiment showed that a head-worn system did not increase the pilot s workload when compared to using just the head-down displays. As expected, the head-worn system
41
did not provide an increase in performance measures. Some pilots commented that the head-worn system provided greater situational awareness compared to just head-down displays.
Author
Lunar Landing; Enhanced Vision; Visibility; Situational Awareness; Cockpits; Landing Sites; Approach; Workloads
(Psychophysiology)
20100016285 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
Knight, Norman F., Jr.; Song, Kyongchan; Raju, Ivantury S.; Apr. 12, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/
AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.01.07.01.01
Report No.(s): NF1676L-10336; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016285
Linear elastic, thermo-mechanical stress analyses of the Space Shuttle Orbiter wing-leading-edge panels is presented for entry heating conditions. The wing-leading-edge panels are made from reinforced carbon-carbon and serve as a part of the overall thermal protection system. Three-dimensional finite element models are described for three configurations: integrated configuration, an independent single-panel configuration, and a local lower-apex joggle segment. Entry temperature conditions are imposed and the through-the-thickness response is examined. From the integrated model, it was concluded that individual panels can be analyzed independently since minimal interaction between adjacent components occurred. From the independent single-panel model, it was concluded that increased through-the-thickness stress levels developed all along the chord of a panel s slip-side joggle region, and hence isolated local joggle sections will exhibit the same trend. From the local joggle models, it was concluded that two-dimensional plane-strain models can be used to study the influence of subsurface defects along the slip-side joggle region of these panels.
Author
Leading Edges; Wing Panels; Aerodynamic Heating; Atmospheric Entry; Carbon-Carbon Composites; Finite Element
Method; Space Shuttle Orbiters; Thermodynamics
19
SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION AND ASTRIONICS
Includes the design, manufacture, or use of devices for the purpose of measuring, detecting, controlling, computing, recording, or processing data related to the operation of space vehicles or platforms. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft
Instrumentation ; for spaceborne instruments not integral to the vehicle itself see 35 Instrumentation and Photography ; for spaceborne telescopes and other astronomical instruments see 89 Astronomy .
20100014812 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Characterization of Photodetectors for LISA
Guzman, Felipe; Livas, Jeffrey; Silverberg, Robert F.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; COSPAR 10 Conference, 18-25 Jul. 2010,
Bremen, Germany; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a gravitational wave observatory in the frequency range of 0.1 mHz
- 100 mHz consisting of three spacecraft separated by :5 million km in an equilateral triangle whose center follows the Earth in a heliocentric orbit with an orbital phase offset of 20 degrees. Gravitational waves will be measured as distance fluctuations between test masses moving along geodetic trajectories that are located in different spacecraft. Quadrant photo diodes are used as detectors in inter-spacecraft laser interferometers to measure both angular orientation and separation with a sensitivity of better than 10 pm/(square root of (HZ)). A laboratory testbed for the characterization of photodetectors has been set up to measure noise levels, phase and amplitude spatial inhomogeneities and cross-talk level between detector quadrants We will present a detailed description of our test plan and current results of these investigations.
Author
Laser Interferometry; LISA (Observatory); Photometers; Astronomical Interferometry; Characterization; Spaceborne
Astronomy
42
20100014888 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
Guzman, Felipe; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; COSPAR 10 Conference, 18-25 Jul. 2010, Bremen, Germany; No Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
LISA Pathfinder (LPF) is an ESA-launched demonstration mission of key technologies required for the joint NASA-ESA gravitational wave observatory in space, LISA. As part of the LPF interferometry investigations, analytic models of noise sources and corresponding noise subtraction techniques have been developed to correct for effects like the coupling of test mass jitter into displacement readout, and fluctuations of the laser frequency or optical pathlength difference. Ground testing of pre-flight hardware of the Optical Metrology subsystem is currently ongoing at the Albert Einstein Institute Hannover. In collaboration with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, the LPF mission data analysis tool LTPDA is being used to analyze the data product of these tests. Furthermore, the noise subtraction techniques and in-flight experiment runs for noise characterization are being defined as part of the mission experiment master plan. We will present the data analysis outcome of preflight hardware ground tests and possible noise subtraction strategies for in-flight instrument operations.
Author
Characterization; Ground Tests; LISA (Observatory); Technology Assessment; Data Reduction; Spacecraft Instruments; Laser
Altimeters
20100015500 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Gazda, Daniel B.; Nolan, Daniel J.; Rutz, Jeff A.; Schultz, John R.; Siperko, Lorraine M.; Porter, Marc D.; Lipert, Robert J.;
Flint, Stephanie M.; McCoy, J. Torin; [2010]; 17 pp.; In English; 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems,
11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20463; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015500
In August 2009, an experimental water quality monitoring kit based on Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE) technology was delivered to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard STS-128/17A. The kit, called the Colorimetric Water
Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK), was flown and deployed as a Station Development Test Objective (SDTO) experiment on the ISS. The goal of the SDTO experiment is to evaluate the acceptability of CSPE technology for routine water quality monitoring on the ISS. This paper provides an overview of the SDTO experiment, as well as a detailed description of the
CWQMK hardware and a summary of the testing and analysis conducted to certify the CWQMK for use on the ISS. The initial results obtained from the SDTO experiment are also reported and discussed in detail
Author
Water Quality; Certification; Colorimetry; International Space Station; Extraction
20100016332 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Kane, Mark A.; [2010]; 15 pp.; In English; 2010 AIAA Annual Technical Symposium, 30 Apr. 2010, Houston, TX, USA;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 644423.02.36.15.10
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20353; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016332
At touchdown Orion must be aligned so that the crew person’s feet are forward in the direction of the horizontal velocity.
To ensure that this requirement is met active heading control is being implemented on the Orion crew module. This technique reduces probability of roll-over during splashdown, assures axial loads on the crew at touchdown, and alleviates structural requirements on impact allowing for a light-weight structural design. On-board sensors are used to measure current vehicle orientation and horizontal velocity used in generation of the heading error signal. Linear velocity measured by the IMU drifts while under parachutes due to wind gusts and has to be corrected by GPS; this makes GPS critical for successful landing. Jet fire logic is achieved by use of a phase-plane and commands are realized by using roll jets from the reaction control system
(RCS); using pre existing hardware eliminates additional hardware and structural requirements. Touchdown performance is measured by an orientation envelope that was co-developed with structures so that the performance requirements overlap adding system redundancy. Heading control also introduces new difficulties to be addressed such as parachute line twist torque as well as increasing vehicle sensitivity to wind shifts and sea states. Solving these difficulties requires added complexity to flight software as well as increasing the propellant required to achieve successful touchdown. while offering promising results,
43
the criticality of GPS along with a significant propellant cost raises questions on the effectiveness of using touchdown heading control.
Author
Active Control; Spacecraft Modules; Flight Control; Touchdown; Structural Design; Spacecrews; Probability Theory; Global
Positioning System
20
SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
Includes main propulsion systems and components, e.g., rocket engines; and spacecraft auxiliary power sources. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 28 Propellants and Fuels, 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations , and
44 Energy Production and Conversion .
20100015760 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Test Rack Development for Extended Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
Dugala, Gina M.; March 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Seventh International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference
(IECEC), 2-5 Aug. 2009, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 138494.04.01.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216232; E-17219; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015760
The U.S. Department of Energy, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Sunpower Inc., and NASA Glenn Research
Center (GRC) have been developing an Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator (ASRG) for use as a power system on space science missions. This generator will make use of free-piston Stirling convertors to achieve higher conversion efficiency than with currently available alternatives. One part of NASA GRC’s support of ASRG development includes extended operation testing of Advanced Stirling Convertors (ASCs) developed by Sunpower Inc. and GRC. The ASC consists of a free-piston
Stirling engine integrated with a linear alternator. NASA GRC has been building test facilities to support extended operation of the ASCs for several years. Operation of the convertors in the test facility provides convertor performance data over an extended period of time. One part of the test facility is the test rack, which provides a means for data collection, convertor control, and safe operation. Over the years, the test rack requirements have changed. The initial ASC test rack utilized an alternating-current (AC) bus for convertor control; the ASRG Engineering Unit (EU) test rack can operate with AC bus control or with an ASC Control Unit (ACU). A new test rack is being developed to support extended operation of the ASC-E2s with higher standards of documentation, component selection, and assembly practices. This paper discusses the differences among the ASC, ASRG EU, and ASC-E2 test racks.
Author
Stirling Engines; Stirling Cycle; Aerospace Systems; Energy Conversion Effıciency; Linear Alternators; Alternating Current
20100016335 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of Components and Systems
Stoltzfus, Joel; Sparks, Kyle; [2010]; 20 pp.; In English; JANNAF JPM/MSS/LPS/SPS Joint Meeting, 3-7 May 2010,
Colorado Springs, CO, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): JANNAF-1356; JSC-CN-20513; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016335
Fire hazards are inherent in oxygen systems and a storied history of fires in rocket engine propulsion components exists.
To detect and mitigate these fire hazards requires careful, detailed, and thorough analyses applied during the design process.
The oxygen compatibility assessment (OCA) process designed by NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) White Sands Test
Facility (WSTF) can be used to determine the presence of fire hazards in oxygen systems and the likelihood of a fire. This process may be used as both a design guide and during the approval process to ensure proper design features and material selection. The procedure for performing an OCA is a structured step-by-step process to determine the most severe operating conditions; assess the flammability of the system materials at the use conditions; evaluate the presence and efficacy of ignition mechanisms; assess the potential for a fire to breach the system; and determine the reaction effect (the potential loss of life, mission, and system functionality as the result of a fire). This process should be performed for each component in a system.
The results of each component assessment, and the overall system assessment, should be recorded in a report that can be used
44
in the short term to communicate hazards and their mitigation and to aid in system/component development and, in the long term, to solve anomalies that occur during engine testing and operation.
Author
Hazards; Flammability; Fires; Oxygen; Rocket Engines; Engine Tests; Oxygen Supply Equipment; Systems Engineering
23
CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to the composition, properties, structure, and use of chemical compounds and materials as they relate to aircraft, launch vehicles, and spacecraft. For specific topics in chemistry and materials see categories 25 through 29 . For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics .
20100014978 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
STIR: Active Polymer Micro-Constructs
Kim, Jungwook; Yoon, Jinhwan; Hayward, Ryan C; Sep 16, 2009; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0445
Report No.(s): AD-A516059; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516059
We have developed temperature-responsive 3-D actuating hydrogel microstructures based on lithographically-patterned photo-crosslinkable poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) copolymers. In one approach, a bilayer gel microstructure is constructed by joining together patterned layers of chemically distinct polymers with differing propensities to swell when placed in water. In a second approach, a single copolymer is used, but the duration of exposure to UV light (365 nm) is spatially varied, leading to lateral patterning of the crosslink density of the polymer network, and therefore its degree of swelling. In either case, the swelling of the more expansive elements is constrained by the presence of the less expansive elements, generating swelling stresses within the 2-D patterned hydrogel film, driving deformation into a 3-D microstructure that actuates in response to changes in temperature.
DTIC
Actuation; Copolymers; Deformation; Hydrocarbons; Microstructure; Polymers
20100014999 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA
A Density Functional That Accounts for Medium-Range Correlation Energies in Organic Chemistry (PREPRINT)
Zhao, Yan; Truhlar, Donald G; Nov 3, 2006; 4 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0538; CHE03-49122
Report No.(s): AD-A516111; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516111
It has recently been pointed out that current density functionals are inaccurate for computing stereoelectronic effects and energy differences of isomerization reactions and isodesmic reactions involving alkanes; this has been interpreted as an incorrect prediction of medium-range correlation energies. This letter shows that the recently published M05-2X functional has good accuracy for all three of the recently highlighted problems, and it should be useful for a wide variety of problems in organic chemistry.
DTIC
Chemical Reactions; Organic Chemistry
20100015227 Center of Investigation in Applied Chemistry, Saltillo, Mexico
Synthesis of Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics Applications
Ziolo, Ronald F; Arias, Eduardo; Moggio, Ivana; Mar 12, 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-09-1-0017
Report No.(s): AD-A516561; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Two series of benzoate-ethynylene oligomers bearing cholesteryl- and cholesteryl-6-oxo-hexyl- as mesogen groups were selectively synthesized by a monodirectional interative divergent-convergent approach by the Sonogashira-Heck crosscoupling reaction. These oligomers that are terminated by an acetylene group are of special interest to Dr. Thomas Cooper
AFOSR in order to consequently be cross-coupled to platinum complexes to get symmetrical platinum(II)-2, 4 and 6
45
benzoate-ethynylene oligomers with potential applications in non linear optics. Their chemical structures were analyzed by
1H, 13C APT, DEPT-135, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
DTIC
Chromophores; Nonlinear Optics
20100015280 National Environmental Research Inst., Roskilde, Denmark
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved Organic Matter in the Coastal Zone
Stedmon, Colin A; Osburn, Christopher L; Jan 2008; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0357
Report No.(s): AD-A516697; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The projects objective is to demonstrate a method for predicting the quantitative and qualitative distributions of CDOM in the littoral zone based on combined model of CDOM biogeochemical cycling and physical oceanography. This approach provides the Navy with an alternative technique by which to gauge the performance of satellite based predictions of CDOM distributions. The field work of this project was carried out in the Baltic Sea-North Sea mixing zone at the entrance to the
Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is a large fjord greatly influenced by freshwater inflow from its large drainage basin and having a limited exchange with the North Sea (Atlantic Ocean). As a result its waters have a high content of terrestrially derived organic material. Danish marine monitoring cruises with R/V Gunnar Thorson were used as a sampling platform for the project. The cruises covered 26 stations (Figure 1). Samples were taken for optical and chemical measurements of dissolved organic matter. Data for other water constituents and properties were made available from the monitoring program
(temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, nutrient concentrations).
DTIC
Absorption; Coasts; Color; Dissolved Organic Matter; Electromagnetic Absorption; Light (Visible Radiation);
Oceanography; Organic Materials
20100015285 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
Carter, Campbell D; Gruber, Mark R; Ryan, Michael D; Mathur, Tarun; Feb 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308
Report No.(s): AD-A516704; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2056; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
A supersonic combustor was experimentally investigated using both conventional instrumentation and laser-based diagnostics. Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging of OH was used in the main section of the combustor to examine flameholding and flame propagation during a series of evaluations at conditions simulating Mach-5.5 flight.
Parameters of interest in this study included the angle of the primary fuel injectors, the distribution of fuel throughout the combustor, and the fuel composition. Changes in fuel injection angle were expected to influence the mixing and combustion processes, and therefore combustor operation. Fuel-distribution variations were expected to modify the flame propagation between flameholding regions. Finally, ethylene and methane were used to examine the suitability of the flameholder designs over a wide range of fuel reactivity. Results suggest that the combustor provides relatively robust flameholding regardless of the fuel used and good flame propagation as long as the fuel distribution provides favorable conditions in the flameholding regions.
DTIC
Combustion Chambers; Ethylene; Flame Propagation; Imaging Techniques; Laser Induced Fluorescence; Methane;
Supersonic Combustion
20100015294 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
Carter, Campbell D; Stockman, Emanuel S; Zaidi, Sohail H; Miles, Richard B; Ryan, Michael D; Feb 2010; 11 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308
Report No.(s): AD-A516720; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2052; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Microwave induced flame speed enhancement is quantified in a laminar, premixed CH4/air wall stagnation flat flame.
46
Experiments were performed in a high Q microwave cavity with the cavity tuned so that the maximum microwave field is located in the vicinity of a flat flame front. Equivalence ratios were varied between 0.6 and 0.8. When the flame is radiated by a continuous wave microwave field of approximately 5 kV/cm, the flame front is observed to move towards the burner exit and stabilize at a standoff distance corresponding to a flame speed increase of up to 20%. No microwave discharge is observed, indicating that the enhanced flame speed arises from microwave energy deposited directly into the reaction zone through coupling to the weakly ionized gas in that region. Laser diagnostics were performed to quantify temperature increase, the laminar flame speed enhancement, and changes in the OH radical concentration through filtered Rayleigh scattering, particle image velocimetry, and planar laser induced fluorescence, respectively.
DTIC
Combustion; Flames; Hydrocarbons; Laminar Flow; Microwaves
20100015414 Washington River Protection Solutions, Richland, WA, USA
Removal of the Californium Sources from the 222-S Laboratory
Linstrum, D.; Baune, H. L.; Jul. 23, 2009; 36 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC27-08RV14800
Report No.(s): DE2009-963878; RPP-CALC-41849 REV 0; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
This document develops a proposal for removal of 2-Californium sources from the 222-S Laboratory. Included in this document are assessments of shipping packages and decay calculations.
NTIS
Californium; Removal
20100015632 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma Sprayed Coatings
Raj, S V.; Palczer, A. R.; March 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.15.02
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216233; E-17220; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015632
Metallic Cu-8%Cr, Cu-26%Cr, Cu-8%Cr-1%Al, NiAl and NiCrAlY monolithic coatings were fabricated by vacuum plasma spray deposition processes for thermal expansion property measurements between 293 and 1223 K. The corrected thermal expansion, (DL/L(sub 0) varies with the absolute temperature, T, as (DL/L(sub 0) = A(T - 293)(sup 3) + BIT -
293)(sup 2) + C(T - 293) + D, where, A, B, C and D are thermal, regression constants. Excellent reproducibility was observed for all of the coatings except for data obtained on the Cu-8%Cr and Cu-26%Cr coatings in the first heat-up cycle, which deviated from those determined in the subsequent cycles. This deviation is attributed to the presence of residual stresses developed during the spraying of the coatings, which are relieved after the first heat-up cycle. In the cases of Cu-8%Cr and
NiAl, the thermal expansion data were observed to be reproducible for three specimens. The linear expansion data for Cu-8%
Cr and Cu-26%Cr agree extremely well with rule of mixture (ROM) predictions. Comparison of the data for the Cu-8%Cr coating with literature data for Cr and Cu revealed that the thermal expansion behavior of this alloy is determined by the
Cu-rich matrix. The data for NiAl and NiCrAlY are in excellent agreement with published results irrespective of composition and the methods used for processing the materials. The implications of these results on coating GRCop-84 copper alloy combustor liners for reusable launch vehicles are discussed.
Author
Thermal Expansion; Sprayed Coatings; Vacuum; Plasma Dynamics; Copper Alloys; Nickel Aluminides; Plasmas (Physics);
Residual Stress
20100015664 Texas Univ., Austin, TX USA
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
Manthiram, Arumugam, Inventor; Wu, Yan, Inventor; March 16, 2010; 14 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed September 25, 2007; US-Patent-7,678,503; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/861,248; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015664
The present invention includes compositions, surface and bulk modifications, and methods of making of (1-x)Li[Li.sub.1/
3Mn.sub.2/3]O.sub.2.xLi[Mn.sub.0.5-yNi.sub.0.5-yCo.sub.2- y]O.sub.2 cathode materials having an O3 crystal structure with
47
a x value between 0 and 1 and y value between 0 and 0.5, reducing the irreversible capacity loss in the first cycle by surface modification with oxides and bulk modification with cationic and anionic substitutions, and increasing the reversible capacity to close to the theoretical value of insertion/extraction of one lithium per transition metal ion (250-300 mAh/g).
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Cathodic Coatings; Metal Ions; Transition Metals; Crystal Structure; Oxides; Extraction; Cathodes
20100015681 Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information July 2009
Voyles, J. W.; August 13, 2009; 20 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-964188; DOE/SC-ARM/P-09-004.7; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
The purpose of this report is to provide a concise but comprehensive overview of Atmospheric Radiation Measurement
Climate Research Facility instrumentation status. The report is divided into the following five sections: (1) new instrumentation in the process of being acquired and deployed, (2) field campaigns, (3) existing instrumentation and progress on improvements or upgrades, (4) proposed future instrumentation, and (5) Small Business Innovation Research instrument development.
NTIS
Atmospheric Chemistry; Radiation Measurement; Research Facilities
20100015682 Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information August 2009
Voyles, J. W.; September 09, 2009; 20 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357
Report No.(s): DE2009-964187; DOE/SC-ARM/P-09-004.8; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
The purpose of this report is to provide a concise but comprehensive overview of Atmospheric Radiation Measurement
Climate Research Facility instrumentation status. The report is divided into the following five sections: (1) new instrumentation in the process of being acquired and deployed, (2) field campaigns, (3) existing instrumentation and progress on improvements or upgrades, (4) proposed future instrumentation, and (5) Small Business Innovation Research instrument development.
NTIS
Atmospheric Chemistry; Atmospheric Radiation; Radiation Measurement
20100015723 Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR USA
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon Detection
Farsoni, Abi T.; Hamby, David M.; Lee, Chee S.; Elliot, Anthony J.; Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review:
Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008, pp. 739 - 748; In English; 30th Monitoring
Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-06NA273220
Report No.(s): AD-A516271; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516271
The International Monitoring System (IMS) employs radiation detectors to monitor atmospheric or underground nuclear weapons tests. These detectors should be able to detect ultra low concentrations of xenon radioisotopes in the atmosphere.
Exploiting the fact that the most interesting xenon radioisotopes emit a beta or conversion electron (CE) in coincidence with an X-ray or gamma-ray, these detectors have been designed and optimized to record coincidence events from the radioxenon isotopes. The IMS currently uses detection systems in which beta/CE and X-ray/gamma-ray are measured in separate detectors. Although the ARSA system is able to detect very low concentrations of radioxenon, its complexity makes the beta and gamma-ray energy calibration very difficult. Phoswich technology, accompanied by digital signal processing of photomultiplier tube (PMT) pulses, can simplify radioxenon detection. If well designed, like other current sensitive radioxenon detectors, a phoswich detector is also capable of detecting beta/gamma coincidence events using digital-pulseshape analysis. We have designed a two-channel triple-layer phoswich detector for radioxenon detection. Each phoswich
48
detector consists of three scintillation layers: a thin plastic (1.5mm) scintillator for detection of beta and CE, a CaF2 layer
(2mm) for X-ray detection and a NaI layer (25.4mm) for gamma-ray measurement. A two-channel FPGA-based Digital Pulse
Processor, DPP2.0, (250 MHz, 12 bits) has been designed and constructed for capturing and transferring valid phoswich pulses to the PC. A graphical user interface (GUI) also has been developed to control the DPP2.0, digitally analyze phoswich pulses, and reconstruct the 2-D beta/gamma coincidence spectra. In this paper, our digital pulse shape discrimination technique, the
DPP2.0, and the GUI are introduced. At the end, our preliminary measurements with the prototypic phoswich detector are discussed.
DTIC
Beta Particles; Gamma Ray Spectra; Radiation Spectra; Radioactive Isotopes; Scintillation Counters; Xenon
20100015725 Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Cooper, Matthew W.; Bowyer, Ted W.; Hayes, James C.; Heimbigner, Tom R.; Hubbard, Charles W.; McIntyre, Justin I.;
Schrom, Brian T.; Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Technologies; September 2008, pp. 733 - 738; In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-RLO1830
Report No.(s): AD-A516270; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516270
Monitoring changes in atmospheric radioxenon concentrations is a major tool in the detection of an underground nuclear explosion. Ground-based systems like the Automated Radioxenon Sampler /Analyzer (ARSA), the Swedish Unattended Noble
Gas Analyzer (SAUNA) and the Automatic portable radiometer of isotopes Xe (ARIX), can collect and detect several radioxenon isotopes by processing and transferring samples into a high-efficiency beta-gamma coincidence detector. The high-efficiency beta-gamma coincidence detector makes these systems highly sensitive to the radioxenon isotopes 133Xe,
131mXe, 133mXe, and 135Xe. The standard analysis of the 2-dimensional beta-gamma energy spectra uses regions of interest
(ROI) to determine the amount of a particular radioxenon isotope present by summing the counts in region. This method relies on the peaks of interest falling within energy limits of the region. Some potential problems inherent in this method are the reliance on stable detector gains and a fixed resolution for each energy peak. In addition, when a high activity sample is measured, there will be more interference among the ROI, in particular within the 133Xe, 133mXe, and 131mXe regions. A solution to some of these problems can be obtained through spectral fitting of the data. Spectral fitting is simply the fitting of the peaks using known functions to determine the number and relative peak positions and widths. By knowing this information it is possible to determine which isotopes are present. The area under each peak can then be used to determine an overall concentration for each isotope. Using the areas of the peaks, several key detector characteristics can be determined: efficiency, energy calibration, energy resolution, and ratios between interfering isotopes (Radon daughters).
DTIC
Nuclear Explosions; Radioactive Isotopes; Spectrum Analysis; Xenon
20100015859 Ministry of Defence, Tamil Nadu, India
Nitroglycerine (NG) Stability Test. Its Function and Issues a Dilemma of the Producer. Can We Circumvent it for
Better Safety?
Aug 1996; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516923; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516923
In Nitro Glycerine production, due to its sensitiveness there is need for its immediate disposal. The only test NG is being subjected to, before its use is Abel Heat Test and it is confirmed that the NG is passing this stability test. Due to various reasons, the test values have become incomprehensible, failing occasionally, irrationally denying all logic, making it a dilemma for the producer. A lot of anxiety and helplessness are created due to delay in consumption of NG, increasing the exposure time. Can we find out a solution?
DTIC
Nitroglycerin; Safety; Stability; Stability Tests
49
20100015976 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
Turgut, Zafer; Fingers, Richard T; Piehler, Henry R; McHenry, Michael E; Feb 2000; 3 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-96-1-0454
Report No.(s): AD-A517225; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
One attempt to improve core loss of electromagnetic machines is to utilize nanocrystalline alloys, which are predicted to have extremely soft magnetic properties. High magnetic saturation values and high Curie temperatures make iron-cobalt alloys attractive for such applications. In this work iron-cobalt-vanadium nanopowders were synthesized and compacted. The coated particles were characterized and examined in both the powder and compacted states. Higher than expected coercivities are reported and may be due to the inhomogeneous microstructure resulting from interactions with the vanadium.
DTIC
Magnetic Measurement; Microstructure; Nanoparticles
20100016062 Stevens Inst. of Tech., Hoboken, NJ USA
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
Blumberg, Alan F; Jan 2008; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0782
Report No.(s): AD-A517445; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Our long-term goal is to interpret chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) sources, distributions, and dynamics in and around the NY/NJ Harbor Estuary, with a focus on significant freshwater events, through the creation of a robust, deterministic, high-resolution, four-dimensional, predictive model of CDOM fate and transport, validated against in-situ and remote sensing observations.
DTIC
Chromophores; Coasts; Predictions; Remote Sensing; Remote Sensors
20100016329 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar Surface
Boul, Peter J.; Lange, Kevin; Conger, Bruce; Anderson, Molly; [2010]; 31 pp.; In English; International Conference on
Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 439906.02.04
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20190; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016329
Air stripping designs are considered to reduce the presence of volatile organic compounds in the purified water.
Components of the wastewater streams are ranked by Henry’s Law Constant and the suitability of air stripping in the purification of wastewater in terms of component removal is evaluated. Distillation processes are modeled in tandem with air stripping to demonstrate the potential effectiveness and utility of these methods in recycling wastewater on the Moon. Scaling factors for distillation and air stripping columns are presented to account for the difference in the lunar gravitation environment. Commercially available distillation and air stripping units which are considered suitable for Exploration Life
Support are presented. The advantages to the various designs are summarized with respect to water purity levels, power consumption, and processing rates. An evaluation of reactive distillation and air stripping is presented with regards to the reduction of volatile organic compounds in the contaminated water and air. Among the methods presented, an architecture is presented for the evaluation of the simultaneous oxidation of organics in air and water. These and other designs are presented in light of potential improvements in power consumptions and air and water purities for architectures which include catalytic activity integrated into the water processor. In particular, catalytic oxidation of organics may be useful as a tool to remove contaminants that more traditional distillation and/or air stripping columns may not remove. A review of the current leading edge at the commercial level and at the research frontier in catalytically active materials is presented. Themes and directions from the engineering developments in catalyst design are presented conceptually in light of developments in the nanoscale chemistry of a variety of catalyst materials.
Author
Air Purification; Contaminants; Energy Consumption; Life Support Systems; Volatile Organic Compounds; Waste Water;
Water Treatment; Reactivity; Lunar Surface
50
24
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of laminates and other composite materials.
20100014898 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic Composite Fatigue
Chamis, Christos C.; March 2010; 18 pp.; In English; SAMPE 08, 18-22 May 2008, Long Beach, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.03.02.03.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216079; E-16400-1; SAMPE Paper No L010; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014898
A multilevel (multiscale/multifunctional) evaluation is demonstrated by applying it to three different sample problems.
These problems include the probabilistic evaluation of a space shuttle main engine blade, an engine rotor and an aircraft wing.
The results demonstrate that the blade will fail at the highest probability path, the engine two-stage rotor will fail by fracture at the rim and the aircraft wing will fail at 109 fatigue cycles with a probability of 0.9967.
Author
Fiber Composites; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Rotors; Fracturing; Probability Theory
20100015408 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon: Theoretical Development and Applications
Murthy, Pappu L. N.; Phoenix, S. Leigh; Grimes-Ledesma, Lorie; March 2010; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.03.03.02.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-215831; E-17092; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015408
Stress rupture failure of Carbon Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels (COPVs) is of serious concern to Science
Mission and Constellation programs since there are a number of COPVs on board space vehicles with stored gases under high pressure for long durations of time. It has become customary to establish the reliability of these vessels using the so called classic models. The classical models are based on Weibull statistics fitted to observed stress rupture data. These stochastic models cannot account for any additional damage due to the complex pressure-time histories characteristic of COPVs being supplied for NASA missions. In particular, it is suspected that the effects of proof test could significantly reduce the stress rupture lifetime of COPVs. The focus of this paper is to present an analytical appraisal of a model that incorporates damage due to proof test. The model examined in the current paper is based on physical mechanisms such as micromechanics based load sharing concepts coupled with creep rupture and Weibull statistics. For example, the classic model cannot accommodate for damage due to proof testing which every flight vessel undergoes. The paper compares current model to the classic model with a number of examples. In addition, several applications of the model to current ISS and Constellation program issues are also examined.
Author
Pressure Vessels; Composite Wrapping; Stochastic Processes; Weibull Density Functions; Creep Properties; Loads (Forces)
20100015418 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
Chamis, Christos C.; March 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.03.02.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216103; E-16748; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015418
A unique probabilistic theory is described to predict the uniaxial strengths and fracture properties of nanocomposites. The simulation is based on composite micromechanics with progressive substructuring down to a nanoscale slice of a nanofiber where all the governing equations are formulated. These equations have been programmed in a computer code. That computer code is used to simulate uniaxial strengths and fracture of a nanofiber laminate. The results are presented graphically and
51
discussed with respect to their practical significance. These results show smooth distributions from low probability to high.
Author
Nanocomposites; Fiber Composites; Fracturing; Probability Theory; Laminates
20100015551 Materials Sciences Corp., Fort Washington, PA USA
Accelerated Insertion of Materials - Composites
Caiazzo, Tony; February 26, 2003; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00421-01-3-0098
Report No.(s): AD-A516117; TIA N00421-01-3-0098; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516117
The objective of the AIM-C Program is to provide concepts, an approach, and tools that can accelerate the insertion of composite materials into DoD products.
DTIC
Composite Materials; Systems Engineering
20100015628 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in Composites
Chamis, Christos C.; April 12, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials
Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.10.03.23
Report No.(s): E-17248; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015628
A methodology to compute probabilistically-combined thermo-mechanical fatigue life of polymer matrix laminated composites has been developed and is demonstrated. Matrix degradation effects caused by long-term environmental exposure and mechanical/thermal cyclic loads are accounted for in the simulation process. A unified time-temperature-stress-dependent multifactor-interaction relationship developed at NASA Glenn Research Center has been used to model the degradation/aging of material properties due to cyclic loads. The fast probability-integration method is used to compute probabilistic distribution of response. Sensitivities of fatigue life reliability to uncertainties in the primitive random variables (e.g., constituent properties, fiber volume ratio, void volume ratio, ply thickness, etc.) computed and their significance in the reliability-based design for maximum life is discussed. The effect of variation in the thermal cyclic loads on the fatigue reliability for a
(0/+/-45/90)s graphite/epoxy laminate with a ply thickness of 0.127 mm, with respect to impending failure modes has been studied. The results show that, at low mechanical-cyclic loads and low thermal-cyclic amplitudes, fatigue life for 0.999
reliability is most sensitive to matrix compressive strength, matrix modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, and ply thickness.
Whereas at high mechanical-cyclic loads and high thermal-cyclic amplitudes, fatigue life at 0.999 reliability is more sensitive to the shear strength of matrix, longitudinal fiber modulus, matrix modulus, and ply thickness.
Author
Graphite-Epoxy Composites; Polymer Matrix Composites; Probability Theory; Time Temperature Parameter; Thermal
Expansion; Fracture Strength; Aging (Materials); Compressive Strength; Cyclic Loads; Failure Modes; Fatigue Life
20100015630 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Chamis, Christos C.; March 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.03.02.03.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216104; E-16950; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015630
A methodology to compute probabilistic fatigue life of polymer matrix laminated composites has been developed and demonstrated. Matrix degradation effects caused by long term environmental exposure and mechanical/thermal cyclic loads are accounted for in the simulation process. A unified time-temperature-stress dependent multifactor interaction relationship developed at NASA Glenn Research Center has been used to model the degradation/aging of material properties due to cyclic loads. The fast probability integration method is used to compute probabilistic distribution of response. Sensitivities of fatigue life reliability to uncertainties in the primitive random variables (e.g., constituent properties, fiber volume ratio, void volume ratio, ply thickness, etc.) computed and their significance in the reliability-based design for maximum life is discussed. The effect of variation in the thermal cyclic loads on the fatigue reliability for a (0/+/- 45/90)s graphite/epoxy laminate with a ply
52
thickness of 0.127 mm, with respect to impending failure modes has been studied. The results show that, at low mechanical cyclic loads and low thermal cyclic amplitudes, fatigue life for 0.999 reliability is most sensitive to matrix compressive strength, matrix modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, and ply thickness. Whereas at high mechanical cyclic loads and high thermal cyclic amplitudes, fatigue life at 0.999 reliability is more sensitive to the shear strength of matrix, longitudinal fiber modulus, matrix modulus, and ply thickness.
Author
Aging (Materials); Compressive Strength; Graphite-Epoxy Composites; Fracture Strength; Polymer Matrix Composites;
Thermal Fatigue; Probability Theory; Failure Modes; Fatigue Life
20100015631 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) Systems
Wrbanek, John D.; Fralick, Gustave C.; Hunter, Gary W.; Zhu, Dongming; Laster, Kimala L.; Gregory, Otto J.; Gregory, Otto
J.; March 2010; 17 pp.; In English; 45th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 2-5 Aug. 2009, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 984754.02.07.03.16.03
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216216; AIAA Paper 2009-5066; E-17197; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015631
The NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has an on-going effort for developing high temperature thin film sensors for advanced turbine engine components. Stable, high temperature thin film ceramic thermocouples have been demonstrated in the lab, and novel methods of fabricating sensors have been developed. To fabricate thin film heat flux sensors for Ceramic
Matrix Composite (CMC) systems, the rough and porous nature of the CMC system posed a significant challenge for patterning the fine features required. The status of the effort to develop thin film heat flux sensors specifically for use on silicon carbide (SiC) CMC systems with these new technologies is described.
Author
Ceramic Matrix Composites; Thin Films; Turbine Engines; Temperature Sensors; Ceramics; Silicon Carbides;
Thermocouples
20100015640 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
Smith, J. G.; Jegley, D. C.; Siochi, E. J.; Wells, B. K.; [2010]; 27 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC
Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 441261.04.10.01.01.02
Report No.(s): NF1676L-9225; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015640
Ground-based hypervelocity imapct testing was conducted on IM7/977-3 quasi-isotropic flat panels at normal incidence using micron-sized particles (i.e. less than or equal to 100 microns) of soda lime glass and olivine. Testing was performed at room temperature (RT) and 175 C with results from the 175 C test compared to those obtained at RT. Between 10 and 30 particles with velocities ranging from 5 to 13 km/s impacted each panel surface for each test temperature. Panels were ultrasonically scanned prior to and after impact testing to assess internal damage. Post-impact analysis included microscopic examination of the surface, determination of particle speed and location, and photomicroscopy for microcrack assessment.
Internal damage was observed by ultrasonic inspection on panels impacted at 175 C, whereas damage for the RT impacted panels was confined to surface divets/craters as determined by microscopic analysis.
Author
Hypervelocity Impact; Impact Tests; Microparticles; Ground Tests; Craters; Damage; Glass; Olivine
20100015644 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
DiCarlo, James A., Inventor; Yun, Hee, Inventor; March 30, 2010; 24 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed February 13, 2004; US-Patent-7,687,016; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/777,630; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015644
Methods are disclosed for producing architectural preforms and high-temperature composite structures containing
53
high-strength ceramic fibers with reduced preforming stresses within each fiber, with an in-situ grown coating on each fiber surface, with reduced boron within the bulk of each fiber, and with improved tensile creep and rupture resistance properties for each fiber. The methods include the steps of preparing an original sample of a preform formed from a pre-selected high-strength silicon carbide ceramic fiber type, placing the original sample in a processing furnace under a pre-selected preforming stress state and thermally treating the sample in the processing furnace at a pre-selected processing temperature and hold time in a processing gas having a pre-selected composition, pressure, and flow rate. For the high-temperature composite structures, the method includes additional steps of depositing a thin interphase coating on the surface of each fiber and forming a ceramic or carbon-based matrix within the sample.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Composite Structures; Silicon Carbides; Ceramic Fibers; Preforms; High Temperature; Creep Strength
20100015645 Boeing Co., Chicago, IL USA
Composite intersection reinforcement
Misciagna, David T., Inventor; Fuhrer, Jessica J., Inventor; Funk, Robert S., Inventor; Tolotta, William S., Inventor; March
30, 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC2-9019
Patent Info.: Filed July 26, 2006; US-Patent-7,686,908; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/460,085; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015645
An assembly and method for manufacturing a composite reinforcement for unitizing a structure are provided. According to one embodiment, the assembly includes a base having a plurality of pins extending outwardly therefrom to define a structure about which a composite fiber is wound to define a composite reinforcement preform. The assembly also includes a plurality of mandrels positioned adjacent to the base and at least a portion of the composite reinforcement preform, and a cap that is positioned over at least a portion of the plurality of mandrels. The cap is configured to engage each of the mandrels to support the mandrels and the composite reinforcement preform during a curing process to form the composite reinforcement.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Reinforcement (Structures); Preforms; Manufacturing; Mandrels
20100016118 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval Research Laboratory
Restaino, S R; Andrews, J R; Martinez, T; Wilcox, C; Santiago, F; Teare, S W; Romeo, R C; Martin, R N; Jan 2008; 3 pp.;
In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517618; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI) is actively involved in a program to upgrade its collection apertures from a few tens of centimeters to 1.4 meters. This will dramatically increase its light collection capabilities and thus improve the sensitivity from 6th to nearly 12th magnitude, opening up a much larger selection of observable stars. This program leverages the use of lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) for telescope construction, allowing each telescope to be moved from one location to another, providing a reconfigurable array of telescopes rather than a large number of fixed telescopes. There are several advantages to using CFRP as the construction material for telescopes, including an order of magnitude decrease in weight, which supports easier transportation from station to station on the array. As all components of the telescope, including optics, are constructed from composite materials having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, dimensional changes due to temperature variations can be minimized. A major benefit to this approach, which requires multiple, identical optical components, is that they are made from a single, high-precision tool, allowing a much shorter production cycle than traditional steel and glass telescopes and keeping all replicated components identical and interchangeable. Composite materials provide a structurally stiff and very durable telescope that has superior performance to glass in harsh environments such as space.
DTIC
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics; Carbon Fibers; Fiber Composites; Reinforced Plastics; Telescopes
54
20100016262 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using Single-Stringer Specimens
Bisagni, Chiara; Vescovini, Riccardo; Davila, Carlos G.; Apr. 12, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/
ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 698259.02.07.07.03.03
Report No.(s): LF99-9236; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016262
A procedure is proposed for the assessment of the damage tolerance and collapse of stiffened composite panels using a single-stringer compression specimen. The dimensions of the specimen are determined such that the specimen s nonlinear response and collapse are representative of an equivalent multi-stringer panel in compression. Experimental tests are conducted on specimens with and without an embedded delamination. A shell-based finite element model with intralaminar and interlaminar damage capabilities is developed to predict the postbuckling response as well as the damage evolution from initiation to collapse.
Author
Buckling; Composite Structures; Damage Assessment; Crack Initiation; Panels; Stringers; Delaminating; Collapse
25
INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Includes the analysis, synthesis, and use of inorganic and organic compounds; combustion theory; electrochemistry; and photochemistry. For related information see category 34 Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics . For astrochemistry see category
90 Astrophysics .
20100014948 Dayton Univ. Research Inst., OH USA
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Varanasi, C; Petry, J; Brunke, L; Yang, B T; Lanter, W; Burke, J; Wang, H; Bulmer, J S; Scofield, J; Barnes, P, N; Jan 2010;
16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515982; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515982
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on diamond-coated Si substrates and free-standing diamond wafers to develop efficient thermal interface materials for thermal management applications. High quality, translucent, free-standing diamond substrates were processed in a 5 kW microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system using CH4 as precursor. Ni and Ni-9%W-1.5% Fe catalyst islands were deposited to nucleate CNTs directly onto the diamond substrates. Randomlyoriented multi-walled CNTs forming a mat of tilde 5 micrometers thickness and consisting of tilde 20 nm diameter tubes were observed to grow in a thermal CVD system using C(2)H(2) as precursor. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman analyses confirmed the presence of high quality CNTs on diamond showing a D/G peak ratio of 0.2-0.3 in Raman spectra.
DTIC
Carbon Nanotubes; Diamonds; Nanostructure Growth; Substrates
20100014952 Nevada Univ., Las Vegas, NV USA
Stimulated Electron Desorption Studies from Microwave Vacuum Electronics / High Power Microwave Materials
Schill, Jr, Robert A; Feb 11, 2010; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0451
Report No.(s): AD-A515992; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515992
This DEPSCoR research examined secondary electron emission (SEE) from thin films and from a warm metal material.
Evidence suggests that backscattered electrons as a whole have a preferred scattering direction with a distribution that is dependent on the type of surface treatment. Secondary electron emission was studied from a chemical polished niobium sample during transient cooling from tilde 360 deg K to tilde 293 deg K. It was observed that: (1) True secondary electron distributions tend to exhibit a shifted Gaussian-like spatial distribution; (2) a metal structure undergoing transient cooling exhibits some small overall average tendencies on the scattering process; (3) the change in the mean number of scattered electrons seems to increase on average as the metal sample cools; and (4) the emitted backscattered electron cluster appears to be scattered normal to the sample surface for the temperature range considered. A strong AFRL/UNLV collaboration
55
examined four different types of samples. Based on single, pulsed, emission tests, improvements in minimizing secondary electron emission count were observed with the coated copper substrates. Within experimental bounds, secondary electron emission hardening may not take place in all films. Further, the count and distribution are dependent on the primary electron beam’s target angle.
DTIC
Desorption; Electrons; Microwaves; Secondary Emission; Vacuum
20100014980 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
Schumer, Evelyn A; Jun 2009; 253 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516063; AFIT/DS/ENP/09-J01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516063
The purpose of this research was to improve modeling of midlatitude D-region ionospheric absorption of high frequency radio signals during solar X-ray flares through analysis of HF propagation data obtained during the HF Investigation of
D-region Ionospheric Variation Experiment (HIDIVE) and obtained at the Canadian Space Agency NORSTAR riometer in
Pinawa,Manitoba, Canada and X-ray flux data, as reported by GOES satellites. The findings of the data analysis were then used to validate and suggest improvements for two existing HF absorption models, the operational Space Weather Prediction
Center (SWPC) D-region Absorption model and the physical AbbyNormal model. Analysis of the HIDIVE data revealed an absorption dependence on signal frequency and a dependence on solar zenith angle which differ from those used in the SWPC model. Analysis of nitric oxide (NO) density data obtained with the Student Nitric Oxide Explorer and during the Halogen
Occultation Experiment provided improved methods of defining NO profiles within AbbyNormal.
DTIC
Absorption; D Region; Electromagnetic Absorption; High Frequencies; Ionospheres; Ionospheric Propagation; Radio
Signals; Solar Flares; Solar X-Rays; Temperate Regions
20100015018 Bolt, Beranek, and Newman, Inc., New London, CT USA
Investigation of the Effects of Fine-Scale Atmospheric Inhomogeneities on Infrasound Propagation
Gibson, Robert G; Norris, David E; Drob, Douglas P; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-08NA28652; DE-AI52-08NA28653
Report No.(s): AD-A516249; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516249
Recent infrasound observations and related research work in long-range sound propagation indicate that fine-scale atmospheric inhomogeneities contribute to refraction, scattering, and related phenomena that can result in anomalous infrasonic arrivals. Gravity waves, in particular, have been shown through physics-based modeling to be responsible for infrasonic arrivals, at regional ranges, that are not predicted by standard modeling techniques. Atmospheric turbulence can also cause scattering of infrasound that produces arrivals in shadow zones at local ranges from ground based sources. We seek to improve understanding of the effects of gravity waves and other fine-scale atmospheric inhomogeneities, such as
Kelvin-Helmholtz turbulent instability, on infrasound propagation. The approach is to build on recent advances in specifying the lower and middle atmosphere, state-of-the-art infrasound propagation calculation techniques, and existing stochastic models of gravity waves and turbulence. Atmospheric specification techniques are being developed that incorporate realistic models of gravity waves that are self-consistent with the background flow field and that include effects of altitude, latitude, longitude, and time-evolution over relevant scales. The research effort includes systematic evaluation of the relevant atmospheric phenomena, improved atmospheric specification, advancement of the state-of-the art of modeling the interactions between fine-scale atmospheric inhomogeneities and infrasound, and model validation studies using ground truth datasets, focusing on local and regional ranges. Anticipated results of the work include new modeling tools to improve capability to predict infrasound arrivals and features relevant to phase classification at local and regional ranges.
DTIC
Homogeneity; Infrasonic Frequencies
56
20100015042 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
Bily, Mollie A; Kwon, Young W; Pollak, Randall D; Feb 12, 2010; 84 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516359; NPS-MAE-10-003; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516359
Use of carbon nanotubes along composite interfaces was studied to both improve fracture strength and monitor interfacial damage progression. Both carbon fiber and E-glass fiber composites were manufactured with vinyl ester resin using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. First, the effects of single-step curing (i.e., co-curing) versus two-step curing (i.e., curing a new section to a previously cured section) was studied using Mode II fracture testing. The results showed the two-step cured interface was as strong as the co-cured interface, thus validating the use of two-step curing during modular construction or repair of composite sections. Application of carbon nanotubes to the composite interfaces was then accomplished through two-step curing, using acetone as a dispersant. Mode II testing indicated significant improvement of the interface fracture toughness for both carbon fiber and glass fiber samples with carbon nanotubes. Because carbon nanotubes have very high electrical conductivity, the electrical resistance was measured across the interface during Mode II loading. As the interface crack grew, there was an increase in electrical resistance (approximately linear for carbon fiber specimens until final failure).
The study demonstrated the feasibility of electrical resistance measurement with dispersed carbon nanotubes to monitor damage along critical interfaces, while simultaneously improving fracture properties.
DTIC
Carbon Nanotubes; Damage; Detection
20100015165 Bridgeport Instruments, LLC, Austin, TX USA
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Momayezi, Michael; Hurst, Brad; Wong, Chien P; Heimbigner, Tom R; Cooper, Matthew W; Hubbard, Charles W; McIntyre,
Justin I; Sep 2008; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-07-C-0180
Report No.(s): AD-A516397; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Detecting radioactive xenon isotopes in air is one of the methods employed in nuclear explosion monitoring. Using scintillator detectors, the xenon signal is distinguished from background via coincidence spectroscopy. The resulting detectors are complex instruments, with up to 12 scintillators, requiring specialized data acquisition (DAQ) electronics. Bridgeport
Instruments, in collaboration with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is developing a compact, lowcost DAQ solution. The
DAQ module produces raw data, such as energies, arrival times, triggers, etc in real time using digital signal processing embedded in FPGAs. These raw data are available immediately and can be combined in real time by an event builder to form complex events and to check for trigger patterns. It is a unique characteristic of the DAQ module, that the event builder can be implemented by the customer in an open-source FPGA. In a similar manner, multiple DAQ modules can be connected to a backplane that contains programmable units, such as a trigger FPGA and a communication and control FPGA. All programmable logic on the backplane will be completely open-source. With this approach we are creating a very versatile platform that uses proprietary code only to generate raw data from the scintillator detector pulses (energies, triggers, etc.). All other aspects, especially those that create a unique instrument from the combination of scintillator detectors are completely under customer control. In this paper we present the architecture of this new nuclear instrumentation platform.
DTIC
Computer Programming; Data Acquisition; Monitors; Radio Receivers; Xenon
20100015169 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy
Release
Brenner, Donald W; Irving, Doug; Maria, Jon-Paul; Jan 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0423
Report No.(s): AD-A516406; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Most conventional explosives can be roughly categorized into two classes - molecular materials and intermolecular composites. Molecular materials refer to species such as the nitroalkanes (e.g. nitromethane) and cyclic nitramines (e.g.
TNAZ, RDX, HMX) that release chemical energy primarily by converting singly bonded nitrogen to more stable doubly and triply bonded forms. Intermolecular composites release chemical energy by anion exchange between the composite phases and the formation of new and more thermodynamically stable compounds. Traditionally, molecular materials have been the premier energetic compounds because they can store relatively large amounts of energy (in the range of 4 kJ/cc), they can be
57
rapidly ignited by mechanical shock to produce high power, the products of reaction are superheated gases that do work on their surroundings, and they can be mass produced. In contrast, intermolecular composites (typified by one of the oldest energetic materials: black powder) store substantially more chemical energy, up to 25 kJ/cc, but the ignition mechanisms are most commonly thermal. Consequently, the energy release is regulated by diffusion, and although their reactions can produce temperatures in excess of 2000 degrees Celsius, the relatively slow resulting kinetics dramatically limits power output.
DTIC
Chemical Reactions; Electric Ignition; Energy Transfer; Explosives; Ignition; Reactivity; Sputtering
20100015175 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom
Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
Williams, Christopher S; Mar 2010; 198 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516449; AFIT/DS/ENP/10-M02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
A three-dimensional Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy System (3DPASS) capable to simultaneously measure three-dimensional electron-positron momentum densities measuring photons derived from annihilation events was designed and characterized. 3DPASS simultaneously collects a single data set of correlated energies and positions for two coincident annihilation photons using solid-state double-sided strip detectors (DSSD). Positions of photons were determined using an interpolation method which measures a figure-of-merit proportional to the areas of transient charges induced on both charge collection strips directly adjacent to the charge collection strips interacting with the annihilation photons. The subpixel resolution was measured for both double-sided strip detectors (DSSD) and quantified using a new method modeled after a
Gaussian point-spread function with a circular aperture. Error associated with location interpolation within an intrinsic pixel in each of the DSSDs, the subpixel resolution, was on the order of 0.20 mm (this represents one-standard deviation). The subpixel resolution achieved was less than one twenty-fifth of the 25-mm2 square area of an intrinsic pixel created by the intersection of the DSSDs’ orthogonal charge collection strips. The 2D ACAR and CDBAR response for single-crystal copper and 6H silicon carbide (6H SiC) was compared with results in the literature. Two additional samples of 6H SiC were irradiated with 24 MeV O+ ions, one annealed and one un-annealed, and measured using 3DPASS. Three-dimensional momentum distributions with correlated energies and coincident annihilation photons’ positions were presented for all three 6H SiC samples. 3DPASS was used for the first experimental PAS measurement of the structure of oxygen defects in bulk 6H SiC.
DTIC
Annihilation Reactions; Defects; Dimensional Measurement; Momentum; Oxygen; Oxygen Atoms; Positron Annihilation;
Positrons; Radiation Dosage; Silicon; Silicon Carbides
20100015176 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of Neutron Irradiation Effects on AlGaN/GaN HFETs
Mikina, Janusz K; Mar 2010; 88 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516450; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10M-06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
In this study, unpassivated and SiN passivated Al0.27Ga0.73N/GaN HFETs were subjected to neutron radiation at 120 K.
The primary focus of the research was the effects of neutron irradiation on drain current, gate leakage current, threshold voltage shift, gate-channel capacitance, and the effects of biasing the gate during irradiation. In-situ measurements were conducted on transistor current, gate-channel capacitance, and gate leakage current vs. gate bias beginning at 77 K through
300 K in 4 K temperature intervals. The drain currents increased for all devices, with a lesser increase observed for passivated devices. The changes in carrier concentration and carrier mobility, obtained from observed drain current increases and calculated with the charge control model using observed threshold voltage shifts, were attributed to trapped, positive charges in the AlGaN layer. This trapped positive charge resulted from electron-hole pairs created by neutron radiation-induced ionizations. The leakage current increased in all devices, with a smaller change observed in passivated devices. This increase was attributed to the formation of interface traps. Biasing the gate under neutron irradiation had no effect on electrical performance of HFETs.
DTIC
Aluminum Nitrides; Bias; Gallium Nitrides; In Situ Measurement; Neutron Irradiation; Neutron Radiography
58
20100015228 Center of Investigation in Applied Chemistry, Saltillo, Mexico
New Meta and Nanomaterials for Photorefractive Enhancement and Photorefractive Two-Beam Coupling
Ziolo, Ronald F; Mar 12, 2010; 5 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-09-1-0023
Report No.(s): AD-A516562; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This grant has resulted in a highly collaborative effort between CIQA, AFOSR and several other institutions and involved experimental and theoretical work on the synthesis and characterization of ferroelectric nanoscale particles and their interactions with liquid crystal systems of interest to AFOSR to form hybrid systems for photorefractive enhancement and photorefractive two-beam coupling in hybrid devices. Six international presentations resulted (4 invited, 1 contributed and one poster) along with two submitted papers (Optics Express (accepted) and Nano Letters). A U.S. provisional patent was filed
Stress Induced Phase Changes in Ferroic and Non-Ferroic Materials, Docket no. AFD 1053. The collaborative studies unequivocally demonstrated for the first time that crystalline ferroic materials such as barium titanate can exhibit ferroelectric properties in particles of 10 and less nanometers in size. State of the art high resolution transmission electron microscopy strain measurements of ball milled vs chemically precipitated nanoscale barium titanate suggest mechanical milling as the source of the strain and subsequent ferroelectric behavior.
DTIC
Augmentation; Display Devices; Liquid Crystals
20100015270 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
Harvard, Ekaterina; Brown, Richard; Shealy, James R; Mar 4, 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-03-1-0963
Report No.(s): AD-A516658; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This program was focused on the development of alternative and superior dielectric passivations to AlGaN/GaN HEMT transistors for mm- wave operation. A new process was developed to deposit by LPCVD the composite dielectric of AlSiN containing as much as 10 atomic % by weight of aluminum. This dielectric partially depletes the 2DEG which has be effectively used in place of a gate extension. The resulting devices do not display non-linear increases in access resistances, and they deliver state-of-the-art power performance at large drain bias at frequencies up to 10 and 35 GHz.
DTIC
Aluminum Compounds; Aluminum Nitrides; Gallium Nitrides; High Electron Mobility Transistors; Passivity; Sulfates; Sulfur
20100015286 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Preliminary Electrical Designs for CTEX and AFIT Satellite Ground Station
Morse, Arthur L; Mar 2010; 151 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516705; AFIT/GA/ENY/10-M08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This thesis outlines the design of the electrical components for the space-based ChromoTomography Experiment (CTEx).
CTEx is the next step in the development of high-speed chromotomography at the Air Force Institute of Technology. The electrical design of the system is challenging due to the large amount of data that is acquired by the imager and the limited resources that is inherent with space-based systems. Additional complication to the design is the need to know the angle of a spinning prism that is in the field of view very precisely for each image. Without this precise measurement any scene that is reconstructed from the data will be blurry and incomprehensible. This thesis also outlines how the control software for the
CTEx space system should be created. The software flow is a balance of complex real time target pointing angles and simplicity to allow the system to function as quick as possible. This thesis also discusses the preliminary design for an AFIT satellite ground station based upon the design of the USA Air Force Academy’s ground station. The AFIT ground station will be capable of commanding and controlling satellites produced by USAFA and satellites produced by a burgeoning small satellite program at AFIT.
DTIC
Artificial Satellites; Chromatography; Electric Equipment; Ground Stations
20100015290 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Calculation of Collisional Cross Sections for the 2P3/2 - 2P1/2 Transition in Alkali-Noble Gas Systems
Butler, Samuel D; Mar 2010; 107 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516712; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Collisional cross sections were calculated as a function of energy for two coupled one dimensional, spherically symmetric
59
potentials. The Split Operator Method was used to propagate an initial Moller state, chosen to be a Gaussian in the asymptotic limit, through a potential. The correlation between the wave packet and Moller final state was calculated at each time step.
Using the Channel Packet Method, the correlation function was used to obtain scattering matrix elements. From scattering matrix elements for several different effective potential values and using the Method of Partial Waves, the collisional cross section is calculated for the transition from the 2P3=2 to 2P1=2 level. This method was applied to LiHe at low energy, with results close to experimentally measured values for Alkali-Noble Gas interactions. Cross sections were also calculated for
NaHe, KHe, RbAr, and LiHe-3. An explanation for the low RbAr cross sections from the time dependent calculations is provided.
DTIC
Alkalies; Alkalinity; Collisions; Rare Gases
20100015413 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative Leaching Results
Rapko, B. M.; Brown, C.; Eslinger, P. W.; Fountain, M. S.; Hanson, B. D.; Aug. 14, 2009; 50 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-963843; PNNL-18500; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has been tasked by Bechtel National Inc. (BNI) on the River Protection
Project-Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (RPP-WTP) project to perform research and development activities to resolve technical issues identified for the Pretreatment Facility (PTF). The Pretreatment Engineering Platform
(PEP) was designed and constructed and is to be operated as part of a plan to respond to issue M12, Undemonstrated Leaching
Processes. The PEP is a 1/4.5-scale test platform designed to simulate the WTP pretreatment caustic leaching, oxidative leaching, ultrafiltration solids concentration, and slurry washing processes. The PEP replicates the WTP leaching processes using prototypic equipment and control strategies. The PEP also includes non-prototypic ancillary equipment to support the core processing. Two operating scenarios are currently being evaluated for the ultrafiltration process (UFP) and leaching operations. The first scenario has caustic leaching performed in the UFP-2 ultrafiltration feed vessels (i.e., vessel
UFP-VSL-T02A in the PEP; and vessels UFP-VSL-00002A and B in the WTP PTF). The second scenario has caustic leaching conducted in the UFP-1 ultrafiltration feed preparation vessels (i.e., vessels UFP-VSL-T01A and B in the PEP; vessels
UFP-VSL-00001A and B in the WTP PTF). The purpose of this report is to summarize the results from both scales that are related to oxidative leaching chemistry to support a scale factor for the submodels to be used in the G2 model, which predicts
WTP operating performance. Owing to schedule constraints, the PEP test data to be included in this report are limited to those from Integrated Tests A (T01 A/B caustic leaching) and B (T02A caustic leaching).
NTIS
Crude Oil; Heat Exchangers; Leaching; Scale Models
20100015439 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Campaign 2 Level 2 Milestone Review 2009: Milestone Number 3132 Determine Sustainable TATB Source and
Processing Options, and Potential Binder Options
Schwartz, A. J.; Sep. 29, 2009; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2009-966558; LLNL-TR-417250; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
A presentation was made to the Milestone review committee on September 18, 2009 that outlined the efforts making up the achievement of the Campaign 2, Level 2 Milestone No. 3132. After the presentation and review of the collective work, the committee determined that the milestone was successfully completed. Highlights from this review are discussed in this report.
NTIS
Binders (Materials); Compatibility; Nuclear Weapons; TATB
20100015454 Bechtel Jacobs Co., LLC,, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
Addendum to Engineering Evaluation of the Proposed Alternative Salt Transfer Method for the Molten Salt Reactor
Experiment Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Oct. 2009; 262 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-98OR22700
Report No.(s): DE2009-966421; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The purpose of this addendum is to graphically publish data which indicate moisture inleakage and corrosion may have
60
occurred during heating of the tanks at the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) for and during hydrofluorination, fluorination and transfer of uranium. Corrosion, especially by hyfrofluoric acid, is not expected to occur uniformly over the tank and piping inner surfaces and therefore is not easily measured by nondestructive techniques that can measure only limited areas. The rate of corrosion exponentially escalates with both temperature and moisture. The temperature, pressure, and concentration data in this addendum indicate periods when elevated corrosion rates were likely to have been experienced. This data was not available in time to be considered as part of the evaluation that was the focus of the report.
NTIS
Corrosion; Molten Salts; Evaluation
20100015509 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
Charnley, Steven; April 11, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Astrobiology Science Conference 2010, 11-16 Apr. 2010, UK; No
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Anomalously fractionated isotopic material is found in many primitive Solar System objects, such as meteorites and comets. It is thought, in some cases, to trace interstellar matter that was incorporated into the Solar Nebula without undergoing significant processing. We will present the results of models of the nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon fractionation chemistry in dense molecular clouds, particularly in cores where substantial freeze-out of molecules on to dust has occurred. The range of fractionation ratios expected in different interstellar molecules will be discussed and compared to the ratios measured in molecular clouds, comets and meteoritic material. These models make several predictions that can be tested in the near future by molecular line observations, particularly with ALMA.
Author
Comets; Fractionation; Interstellar Chemistry; Interstellar Matter; Meteoritic Composition
20100015591 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
Pratt, David M.; Kihm, K. D.; October 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-A031; 0601102
Report No.(s): AD-A515865; AFRL-RB-WP-TR-2009-3230; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515865
The objective of research is to experimentally and theoretically study multi-scale heat and mass transport phenomena in evaporating liquid sodium thin film using a specially designed rig at the Facilities for Innovative Research in Structures
Technology (FIRST) Laboratory in Building 65 at WPAFB.
DTIC
Heat Transfer; High Temperature; Liquid Metals; Sodium
20100015594 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA
Ultrasound-assisted Micro-emulsion Synthesis of a Highly Active Nano-particle Catalyst
Jiang, Rongzhong; Rong, Charles; March 2010; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516686; ARL-TR-5114; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Several wet chemical methods were examined for synthesis of platinum (Pt) and Pt-cobalt (Co) nano-particles, including normal chemical synthesis, micro-emulsion synthesis, and ultrasound-assisted micro-emulsion synthesis. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and electrochemical methods were used for characterization of the synthesized catalysts. The Pt-Co synthesized with ultrasound-assisted micro-emulsion showed uniform particle size distribution. The particle size was well controlled from 17 to 3 nm by varying the water/oil ratio, the water/surfactant ratio, the reactant concentration, and the pH value in the water phase. Several electrochemical methods were used to characterize the catalytic activity for oxygen reduction. The Pt-Co nano-particles synthesized with ultrasound-assisted micro-emulsion showed significantly higher catalytic activity for oxygen reduction than those synthesized with other wet chemical methods. It was able to catalyze oxygen 4-electron reduction to water at an onset potential about 0.65 V (vs. saturated calomel electrode [SCE]).
DTIC
Catalysts; Emulsions; Platinum; Ultrasonics
61
20100015596 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with Metal Salts
Zander, Nicole E.; Orlicki, Joshua A.; Rawlett, Adam M.; March 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516684; ARL-TR-5018; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We investigated the physical properties and degree of crosslinking of poly (4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) blended with transition metal salts using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the blends increased significantly upon addition of zinc (Zn) and copper (II) (Cu) salts. Tg enhancement was found to be highly dependent upon the type and loading of the metal salt. A maximum increase of 70 degrees
C was observed at 0.25 molar equivalents of Zn cation. Ash content from TGA was highest for the 0.25 zinc salt loading, indicating that the maximum amount of metal ion was incorporated into the polymer at this concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided confirmation that transition metal coordination between the Zn cation and the pyridine nitrogens occured, and allowed for the quantification of pyridine binding.
DTIC
Crosslinking; Fourier Transformation; Infrared Spectra; Polymers; Pyridines; Transition Metals
20100015606
Generation of Radioxenon Isotopes
McIntyre, Justin I.; Pratt, Sharon; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Cooper, Matthew W.; Hayes, James C.; Heimbigner, Tom R.;
Hubbard, Charles W.; Miley, Harry; Ripplinger, Michael; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-RLO1830
Report No.(s): AD-A516247; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516247
With the continued population of the International Monitoring System (IMS) network and the certification of radioxenon laboratory systems, it has become necessary to calibrate and test these systems using as many of the radioxenon isotopes as possible. Several very promising techniques have been explored recently that allow for convenient production of Xe-133,
Xe-131m, the short-lived isotope Xe-135, and even the difficult-to-obtain Xe-133m. IMS national and international laboratories have traditionally obtained Xe-133 from medical isotope suppliers. The activity of these medical dose samples is extremely high (tilde 740 MBq) and requires very careful fume hood work to dilute down to appropriate levels (tilde 10
Bq). By waiting for 10 or more half-lives it is possible to reduce the handling regime considerably, while also obtaining a strong Xe-131m signature due to its longer half-life (11.9 days). The short-lived isotope Xe-135 (9.14 hr) and the longer-lived parent nuclide Xe-133m (2.2-day half-life) are never present in these samples. To obtain these isotopes, another source or technique is required. This paper will discuss the two techniques developed and implemented at Pacific Northwest National
Lab (PNNL) and show the results obtained from each technique. The first is an in-house method that allows for on-demand production of two of these isotopes, Xe-133 and Xe-135, using highly enriched uranium (HEU) and a modest flux neutron source. The second method uses a neutron activation of stable xenon.
DTIC
Isotopes; Radio Receivers; Xenon
20100015700 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options: Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a
Sodium Fast Reactor
Pope, Michael; Bays, Samuel; Ferrer, Rodolfo; March 01, 2008; 31 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Report No.(s): DE2009-963753; INL/EXT-08-14039; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The primary focus of this work was to compare MgO with UO2 as target matrix material options for burning minor actinides in a transmutation target within a sodium fast reactor. This analysis compared the transmutation performance of target assemblies having UO2 matrix to those having specifically MgO inert matrix.
NTIS
Fast Nuclear Reactors; Heterogeneity; Magnesium Oxides; Nuclear Fuels; Sodium; Uranium Oxides
62
20100015701 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA
Engineering Design Elements of a Two-Phase Thermosyphon to Trannsfer NGNP Thermal Energy to a Hydrogen Plant
Sabharwal, Piyush; July 01, 2009; 125 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Report No.(s): DE2009-963742; INL/EXT-09-15383; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Two hydrogen production processes, both powered by a Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP), are currently under investigation at Idaho National Laboratory. The first is high-temperature steam electrolysis, which uses both heat and electricity; the second is thermo-chemical production through the sulfur iodine process primarily using heat. Both processes require a high temperature (>850DGC) for enhanced efficiency; temperatures indicative of the NGNP. Safety and licensing mandates prudently dictate that the NGNP and the hydrogen production facility be physically isolated, perhaps requiring separation of over 100 m.
NTIS
Electrolysis; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Production; Thermal Energy; Thermosiphons
20100015710 Canberra Industries, Inc., Meriden, CT USA
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Martin, Gregory N.; Yocum, K. Michael; Colaresi, James F.; Miley, Harry S.; Proceedings of 30th Monitoring Research
Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008, pp. 787 - 792; In English; 30th
Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth,
VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-08NA28650
Report No.(s): AD-A516274; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516274
High purity germanium (HPGe) detectors used in radionuclide assay systems such as Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/
Analyzer (RASA) systems must operate unattended for long periods of time. Currently, the performance and reliability of commercially available large (100%) HPGe detectors are acceptable for the majority of laboratory applications. However, for remote systems designed for nuclear detonation detection and analysis, improved performance and reliability are required. The goals of this research include improving germanium detector reliability and resolution performance by developing new surface passivation techniques coupled with a unique detector contact arrangement. A major reliability improvement would be realized if germanium detectors were made less sensitive to storage and operational environments by improving the film coating used to passivate and protect the intercontact surface. This research is the investigation of two surface film techniques for passivating HPGe detector surfaces. Wet chemically grown oxide films and sputtered film coatings will in turn be applied to two standard P-type HPGe coaxial detectors. Each coating will be characterized to determine their surface chemistry passivating qualities as well as their inherent noise contribution to the overall system noise. The resolution of a germanium detector is a function of electrical noise and the inherent resolution of the detector element. The electrical noise components which reduce the signal to noise ratio of a detector system are associated with detector leakage current, intercontact surface noise, contact noise and noise sources associated with preamplifier electronics. In particular, those noise components associated with the intercontact surface are leakage current and surface noise. We believe these two significant sources of noise can be reduced by using novel surface passivation techniques resulting in improved detector resolution. The techniques developed by this research will be a
DTIC
Chemical Reactions; Germanium; Reliability; Surface Reactions
20100015711 Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA
Design and Construction of an Ultra-Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal Array for High Efficiency and
Coincidence Measurements
Keillor, Martin E.; Aalseth, Craig E.; Day, Anthony R.; Fast, James E.; Hoppe, Eric W.; Hyronimus, Brian J.; Hossbach, Todd
W.; Miley, Harry S.; Seifert, Allen; Warren, Glen A.; Proceedings of 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008, pp. 778 - 786; In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review:
Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516273; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516273
Physics experiments, environmental surveillance, and treaty verification techniques continue to require increased
63
sensitivity for detecting and quantifying radionuclides of interest. This can be done by detecting a greater fraction of gamma emissions from a sample (higher detection efficiency) and reducing instrument backgrounds. A current effort for increased sensitivity in high resolution gamma spectroscopy will produce an intrinsic high-purity germanium (HPGe) array designed for high detection efficiency, ultra-low-background performance, and useful coincidence efficiencies. The system design is optimized to accommodate filter paper samples, e.g., samples collected by the Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer
(RASA). The system will provide high sensitivity for weak collections on atmospheric filter samples, as well as offering the potential to gather additional information from more active filters using gamma cascade coincidence detection. The current effort is constructing an ultra-low-background HPGe crystal array consisting of two vacuum cryostats, each housing a hexagonal array of 7 crystals on the order of 70% relative efficiency each. Traditional methods for constructing ultra-low-background detectors are used, including the use of materials known to be low in radioactive contaminants, the use of ultra pure reagents, clean room assembly, etc. The cryostat will be constructed mainly from copper electroformed into near-final geometry at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNN)L. Details of the detector design, simulation of efficiency and coincidence performance, HPGe crystal testing, and progress on cryostat construction are presented.
DTIC
Crystal Rectifiers; Crystal Structure; Crystals; Germanium; Particulates; Radioactive Decay; Radioactive Isotopes
20100015810 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and CsBr:Sn-1% and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
Kleinschmidt, Neal; Mar 2010; 113 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516750; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10-M05; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516750
The search for superior nuclear radiation detection materials is ongoing. Current scintillator materials using Thallium doped Sodium Iodide or Cesium Iodide are the benchmarks for ease of use and quick identification of isotope species. This research aims to explore Cesium Bromide doped with 1% molar tin (CsBr:Sn-1%) and Cesium Tin Bromide (CsSnBr3) as candidate materials for a new scintillator. The techniques of Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS), X-Ray
Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) and Cathodoluminescence are used to determine the suitability of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn 1% with Sn4+ as a potential scintilator materials and explore their crystal and electronic structures. Comparisons with current published work by Savchyn et al. [2007] on CsSnBr3 and CsBr:Sn-1% with Sn2+ will be made. Cathodoluminescence shows the CsBr:Sn-1% with Sn4+ to luminesce at 2.4-eV and 3.0-eV, green and violet respectively, indicating the strong possibility of using CsBr:Sn-1% as a scintillator.
DTIC
Bromides; Cathodoluminescence; Cesium Compounds; Nuclear Radiation; Scintillation Counters
20100015834 Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming Ability and Stability of Ternary and some Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
Louzguine-Luzgin, Dmitri V; Mar 29, 2010; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4032
Report No.(s): AD-A516835; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516835
In this work we study the influence of atomic packing efficiency on glass-forming ability of bulk (defined as
3-dimensional massive glassy articles with a size of not less than 1 mm in any dimension) metallic glasses by the analysis of a database of ternary and quaternary bulk metallic glasses. An extensive dataset on the composition and stability (critical thickness, glass-transition temperature, crystallization temperature and liquidus temperature) of ternary and quaternary metallic glasses has been obtained from the literature data. The results indicate that glassy alloys compositions are distributed in a highly non-uniform way in the compositional area and tend to prefer specific values of fraction and atomic size ratios.
For example in ternary alloys clear maxima are seen at about A65B15C20, A70B10C20, A65B10C25, A40B18C38,
A45B17C28 and A58B13C45 compositions. Clear minimum at A50B25C25 corresponds to the A2BC compound, while
A60B5C35 and A75B5C20 compositions are close to A2C and A3C binary compounds, respectively. Glass-forming ability is shown to increase with increasing the number of alloying elements. According to the statistical analysis one can anticipate that the difference in Dc among binary, ternary and quaternary alloys is meaningful which confirms the first Inoue’s principle for achieving high GFA. Quaternary bulk glass-forming alloys with large critical diameter in general have larger DTx than those of ternary alloys and are preferable for shaping in SCLR. As Tg and Tx for ternary and quaternary alloys nearly linearly
64
depends on Tl, one may anticipate that it is not a coincidence but real physical meaning on structural unity of the bulk-glass-forming alloys.
DTIC
Atomic Physics; Atoms; Glass; Metallic Glasses; Stability
20100015840 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Design Analysis of a Space Based Chromotomographic Hyperspectral Imaging Experiment
Book, Todd A; Mar 2010; 177 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516849; AFIT/GA/ENY/10-M01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516849
This research develops the design of several components and/or systems for an experimental space-based chromotomographic hyperspectral imager that is being built by the Air Force Institute of Technology. The design work included three separate topics. The first topic was the development of a structure utilizing finite element analysis and eigenvalue modal analysis for the ground-based version of the chromotomographic experiment. The ground-based experiment was performed as a risk mitigation measure for the space-based experiment. The second topic included a design review of a contractor’s proposed off-axis mersenne telescope for the space-based chromotomographic hyperspectral imager. The third topic addressed was a trade study of on-orbit focus, alignment and calibration schemes for the space-based version of the chromotomography experiment.
DTIC
Chromatography; Design Analysis; Imagery; Imaging Techniques
20100015843 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Analysis of Slewing and Attitude Determination Requirements for CTEx
Starr, Jr , William J; Mar 2010; 97 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516855; AFIT/GSS/ENY/10-M05; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516855
This thesis examines the slewing and attitude determination requirements for the Chromotomographic
Experiment(CTEX), a chromotomographic-based hyperspectral imager, to be mounted on-board the Japanese Experiment
Module (JEM) External Facility (EF). The in-track slewing requirement is driven by the facts that CTEx has a very small field of view (FOV) and is required to collect 10 seconds of data for any given collection window. The need to slew in the cross-track direction is a product of the small FOV and target/calibration site access. CTEx incorporates a two-axis slow-steering dwell mirror with a range of +/- 8 degrees and an accuracy of 10 arcseconds in each axis to slew the FOV. The inherent inaccuracy in the knowledge of the International Space Station’s (ISS)attitude (+/- 3 degrees) poses significant complications in accurately pointing CTEx even with more accurate (0.3 degrees) attitude information provided by the JEM.
The desire is for CTEx to incorporate a star tracker with 1 arcsecond accuracy to determine attitude without reliance on outside sources.
DTIC
Attitude (Inclination); Chromatography; Imagery; Slewing
20100015848 Boston Univ., Boston, MA USA
The Carbon New Age
Castro Neto, Antonio H; Mar 2010; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FG02-08ER46512; N00014-09-1-1063
Report No.(s): AD-A516865; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516865
Graphene has been considered by many as a revolutionary material with electronic and structural properties that surpass conventional semiconductors and metals. Due to its superlative qualities, graphene is being considered as the reference material for a post-CMOS technology. Furthermore, graphene is also quite unusual electronically since its electric carriers behave as if they were massless and relativistic, the so-called Dirac particles. Because of its exotic electronic properties, theorists are being forced to revisit the conceptual basis for the theory of metals. Hence, graphene seems to be unveiling a new era in science and technology with still unseen consequences.
DTIC
Carbon; Electrical Properties
65
20100015858 Missouri Univ., Rolla, MO USA
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser Deposition Process
Liou, Frank; Fan, Zhiqiang; Pan, Heng; Slattery, Kevin; Kinsella, Mary; Newkirk, Joseph; Chou, Hsin-Nan; Sep 4, 2007;
13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-C-5704; NSF-DMI-9871185
Report No.(s): AD-A516919; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516919
A laser deposition process involves the supply of metallic powders into a laser-heated spot where the powder is melted and forms a melt puddle which quickly solidifies into a bead. In order to design an effective system, the laser beam, the powder beam, and their interactions need to be fully understood. In this paper, the laser-material interaction within the melt pool is reported using a multi-scale model: a macroscopic model to model mass, heat, and momentum transfer. Experiments were also conducted to validate the simulation model.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Deposition; Laser Beams; Laser Deposition; Metal Powder; Models; Simulation
20100015863 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Coy, David F; Mar 2010; 100 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516937; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10M-02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516937
Pre and post irradiation resistivity and XAFS measurements have been conducted to examine the effects of 0.5 MeV electron irradiation on nickel-carbon composites. Results showed a decrease in surface resistivity following irradiation and a corresponding decrease in NiO content for the irradiated samples as compared to pre-irradiation measurements and non-irradiated samples. Surface resistivity measurement capabilities were established and measurement techniques refined to produce repeatable results of sufficient precision to discern changes in resistivity for fluence levels of 2 x 10-16 cm-2 and greater. Measured changes in surface resistivity were found to be consistent with studies on the radiation effects on electrical properties of polymers similar to the epoxies used in fabricating the composites studied here. The materials examined showed changes of 30% or less following irradiation with 0.5 MeV electrons to a total electron fluence of to 4 x 1016 cm-2. The data showed no discernable link between irradiation changes to surface resistivity and epoxy type used.
DTIC
Carbon; Electrical Resistivity; Irradiation; Nanocomposites; Nickel
20100015873 Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY USA
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and Reassessment of HNO Formation from NH + CO2, H2O
Fontijn, Arthur; Shamsuddin, Sayed M; Crammond, Duan; Marshall, Paul; Anderson, William R; Feb 7, 2006; 10 pp.; In
English
Report No.(s): AD-A516973; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516973
The reaction of ground-state NH with H(2) has been studied in a high-temperature photochemistry (HTP) reactor. The
NH(X(3)sigma) radicals were generated by the 2-photon 193 nm photolysis of NH(3), following the decay of the originally produced NH(A(3)product) radicals. Laser-induced fluorescence on the NH(A(3)product-X(3) sigma 0, 0) transition at 336 nm was used to monitor the progress of the reaction. We obtained kappa (833-1432 Kappa) = 3.5 x 10(-11) exp(-7758 Kappa/Tau) cm(3) molecule(-1) s (-1), with plus or minus 2 sigma precision limits varying from 12 to 33% and corresponding accuracy levels from 23 to 39%. This result is in excellent agreement with that of Rohrig and Wagner [Proc. Combust. Inst. 25 (1994)
975] and the data sets can be combined to yield kappa (833-1685 Kappa) = 4.4 x 10(-11) exp(-8142 Kappa/Tau). Starting with this agreement, it is argued that their rate coefficients for NH + CO(2) could not be significantly in error [Proc. Combust. Inst.
25 (1994) 975]. This, combined with models of several combustion systems, indicates that HNO + CO cannot be the products, contrary to their suggestion [Proc. Combust. Inst. 25 (1994) 975]. Ab initio calculations have been performed which confirm this conclusion by showing the barriers leading to these products to be too high compared to the measured activation energies.
The calculations indicate the likelihood of formation of adducts, of low stability. These then may undergo further reactions.
The NH + H(2)O reaction is briefly discussed and it is similarly argued that HNO + H(2) cannot be the products, as had been previously suggested.
DTIC
Carbon Dioxide; High Temperature; Hydrogen; Kinetics; Nitrogen Dioxide; Photochemical Reactions; Water
66
20100015889 State Univ. of New York, Amherst, NY USA
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
Anderson, Wayne A; Mersich, Peter; Feb 25, 2010; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0034
Report No.(s): AD-A517029; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517029
Thin film silicon has many useful purposes. Among the applications are solar cells and thin film transistors. This project involves a new and potentially lower cost method to produce thin silicon films. The method is called metal induced growth
(MIG). A thin catalyst metal layer deposited on a foreign low cost substrate serves as the basis for growth of a nanocrystalline silicon thin film with thickness of 5-10 microns and preferred orientation of (220). The silicon deposition by magnetron sputtering on the heated substrate resulted in columnar structured grains having a diameter up to about 0.5 microns. Schottky barrier solar cells fabricated on these films gave a photocurrent of about 5 mA/sq cm and open circuit voltage of 0.25 volts.
A modified process gave NiSi crystalline nanowires with length up to 10 microns and diameter of about 50 nm.
DTIC
Nanowires; Nickel; Silicon; Solar Cells; Thin Films; Transistors
20100015892 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, MD USA
Synthesis, processing and properties of TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
Talmy, I G; Zaykoski, J A; Opeka, M M; Jan 2010; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517037; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517037
Multi-phase ceramics in the TaC-TaB2-C system were prepared from TaC and B4C mixtures by reactive pressureless sintering at 1700-1900 C. The pressureless densification was promoted by the use of nano-TaC and by the presence of active carbon in the reaction products. The presence of TaB2 inhibited grain growth of TaC and increased the hardness compared to pure TaC. If a coarse TaC powder was used, the compositions did not densify. In contrast, pure nano-TaC was pressureless sintered at 1800 C by the addition of 2 wt.% carbon introduced as carbon black or graphite. The introduction of carbon black resulted in fully dense TaC ceramics at temperatures as low as 1500 C. The grain size of nominally pure TaC ceramics was a strong function of carbon stoichiometry. Enhanced grain size in sub-stoichiometric TaC, compared to stoichiometric TaC, was observed. Additional work is necessary to optimize processing parameters and evaluate the properties of ceramics in the
TaC-TaB2-C system.
DTIC
Carbides; Ceramics; Nitrides; Titanium Borides
20100015983 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Novel Electro-Analytical Tools for Phase-Transformation Electrode Materials
Wang, Chunsheng; Zhu, Yujie; Aug 13, 2009; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0441
Report No.(s): AD-A517245; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We measured and compared phase transformation accommodation energy (AE) for Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) and LiFePO(4) with different particle size by using of galvanostatic intermittent titration (GITT). The results showed that charge AE was larger than that for discharge; The AE for the 1st cycle was larger than next cycles due to inducing of defects; Because of smaller volume difference, AE of Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) was lower than that of LiFePO(4); AE of LiFePO(4) with small particle size was lower than that of LiFePO(4) with large particle size. By plugging the AE measured by GITT into mixed control model, we simulated the discharge curves in GITT and obtained lithium ion diffusivity in alpha (D(alpha)Li(+)) and Beta (D(Beta) Li(+)) phase and interface mobility (M) during phase transformation for Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) and LiFePO(4) respectively. For
LiFePO(4): D(alpha)Li(+) tilde 10(-14)-10(-13) cm/(2)/s, D(Beta)Li(+) tilde 10(-15) - 10(-14) cm (2)/s and M tilde 10(-15) mmol/Js; for Li(4)Ti(5)O(12):D(alpha)Li(+) tilde 10(-11)-10(-10)cm(2)/s, D(Beta)Li(+) tilde 10(-12)-10(-11)cm(2)/s and M tilde 10(-13) mmol/Js. The values of D(alpha)Li(+) and D(beta)Li(+) calculated by mixed control theory were consistent with those gained in one phase region according to traditional GITT and potentiostatic intermittent titration (PITT) method. We also discovered the effects of phase transformation on cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electromechanical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS) tests.
DTIC
Electrochemistry; Electrode Materials; Phase Transformations
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20100015984 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town, South Africa on 2-6 November 2009
Kuo, Kenneth K; Knoetze, Hansie; van Zyl, Deon; Nov 6, 2009; 196 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-09-1-0668
Report No.(s): AD-A517253; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In order to promote technical communication and to encourage further advancements of new energetic materials and chemical propulsion, the International Advisory Committee for the Foundation of International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion conducted the International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8-ISICP) in Cape
Town, South Africa from November 2-6, 2009. During the 4-day technical program, 79 papers were presented (including 9
Invited Papers) on 18 different topic areas: 1) Nano Technology and Innovative Methods in New Energetic Material
Development; 2) Synthesis and Characterization; 3) Formulation, Processing, and Manufacturing; 4) Insensitive Munitions;
5) Hazard Reduction and Safety Aspects; 6) Theoretical Modeling and Numerical Simulation Techniques; 7) Performance
Evaluation; 8) Aging, Stability, and Compatibility; 9) Recycling, Disposal, and Environmental Aspects; 10) Test Methods and
Diagnostic Techniques; 11) Ignition and Initiation Processes; 12) Detonation and/or Deflagration Processes; 13) Thermobarics and Thermites; 14) Innovative Rocket Propulsion Techniques; 15) Rocket Thermal Protection Materials; 16) Environmentally-
Friendly Green Propellants; 17) Commercial Applications; and 18) Advanced Propulsion Systems. In addition, 12 posters were presented during a special session. The authors of technical papers were encouraged to submit their final manuscripts to the
International Journal of Energetic Materials & Chemical Propulsion for publication by Begell House.
DTIC
Chemical Propulsion; Combustion; Conferences; Explosives; Propellants; Propulsion System Configurations; Propulsion
System Performance; Republic of South Africa
20100015996 Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, Chih, Mexico
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Martinez-Villafane, A; Vazquez-Olvera, G; Terrazas, A Borunda; Orozco-Carmona, V M; Lugo-Cuevas, J M; Chacon-Nava,
J G; Gaona-Tiburcio, C; Almeraya-Calderon, F; Feb 28, 2010; 97 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-525
Report No.(s): AD-A517267; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Intermetallic aluminides are currently being considered for a variety of high temperature applications, i.e. gas turbine engines, fluidized bed combustors, in the aerospace, automotive and turbine power generation markets. Aircraft engine manufacturers are pursuing the implementation of these alloys in aircraft engines. This is because aluminides offer a possible combination of creep resistance and low density which is superior to that provided by state-of-the-art, coated superalloys. The long-range ordering in the lattice structure produces stronger bonding and closer packing between atoms mobility generally leads to slower diffusion processes and better creep resistance in ordered structure. Unlike conventional metallic alloys, the yield stress of most intermetallics increases substantially with the increasing temperature.
DTIC
Heat Resistant Alloys; High Temperature; Intermetallics; Oxidation; Oxidation Resistance
20100016073 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground Vehicles
Hodges, Steven E; McCormick, Steven J; Feb 16, 2010; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N61339-03-D-0300
Report No.(s): AD-A517470; 20455; 20541; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Historically the US Army (USA) used Halon 1301 (bromotrifluoromethane), a chemical with high Ozone Depletion
Potential (ODP), to protect the crews of armored vehicles from the effects of peacetime and combat fires. Since the phase-out of Halon production the USA has directed that zero ODP materials be used wherever possible. Subsequently, major new vehicle platforms have been deployed with Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems (AFES) that rely on HFC-227BC, a zero-ODP-agent blend of HFC-227ea (heptafluoropropane) and sodium-bicarbonate-based dry chemical. Unfortunately, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) generally have high Global Warming Potential (GWP) - thousands of times that of carbon dioxide on a weight basis. Hence, as part of a larger effort to reduce its carbon footprint, USA Program Managers have asked that more environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agents be evaluated as part of ongoing vehicle modernization efforts. Several agents are being investigated, including FK-5-1-12, water with additives, and dry chemicals. This report describes the findings of more than 150 live-fire tests using nine agents and four extinguisher technologies. The basic conclusion is that no alternate
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agent can yet be considered to be a drop-in replacement for Halon 1301 or HFC-227BC for this application. However, a blend of Halon 1301 and dry chemical has been found to be about twice as effective as Halon 1301 alone. Thus, pending confirmation tests on vehicles, it may be feasible to use less Halon in legacy systems without compromising fire protection performance.
DTIC
Additives; Fire Extinguishers; Fire Prevention; Military Vehicles; Protection
20100016134 Noblis, Inc., Falls Church, VA USA
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Gadagbui, Bernard; Patterson, Jacqueline; Rak, Andrew; Kutzman, Raymond S; Sep 2009; 91 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W91LK-05-P-1109
Report No.(s): AD-A517665; S1586A; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
There are few environmental regulations, standards, or guidance values for hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX).
RDX is an explosive synthetic chemical which is not known to occur naturally. Available data suggest that exposure to RDX is not anticipated to be a national exposure concern and it has limited civilian uses. This report presents the development of a relative source contribution (RSC) factor for RDX. An RSC accounts for all sources and non-occupational exposures from
RDX and apportions these amounts to each source. The application of the Exposure Decision Tree approach (subtraction method) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was used to determine the RSC. A conceptual exposure model was utilized that identified the relevant potential sources for a highly exposed receptor proximate to an area where RDX was released. Potentially contaminated media include soil, groundwater, and surface water. Potential exposure pathways include ingestion of soil, water, and contaminated local crops and fish, dermal contact with soil and from water.
These pathways are limited to areas that are in close proximity to current or former military bases where RDX may have been released into the environment. Given the physical/chemical properties and the available environmental occurrence data on
RDX, there are adequate data to support a chemical-specific RSC term for RDX of at least 50% utilizing the USEPA process.
DTIC
Contamination; Explosives; Hazardous Materials; RDX; Regulations; Toxic Hazards
20100016361 Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Anderson, Paul E.; Yee, Kin; Homentowski, Eugene; Cheng, Gartung; Mehta, Neha; Chen, Gary; Stec, Daniel, III; Hash, Mark
C.; Pearson, Trent; Culter, Raymond A.; Hartvigsen, Joseph; February 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W52P1J-08-C-0042
Report No.(s): AD-A516452; ARMET-TR-09055; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Rotary atomization was used to synthesize spheres of four calcium silicide (CaSi2)-based compositions in order to understand issues relative to primer performance for military applications. Elemental silicon and calcium were used to synthesize the line compound CaSi2 or the eutectic composition between CaSi2 and silicon (Si). Iron (Fe) was added to form
FeSi2 as a secondary phase in selected compositions. In one composition, it was shown that a commercially available CaSi2 material, containing FeSi2, could be used as one of the starting compositions. Rietveld analysis was used to show that CaSi2 polytypes in the synthesized materials consisted primarily of 6R, with less 3R and some hexagonal material. As synthesized materials had low surface areas (=0.1 m2/g), but short milling times were used to increase the surface area by an order of magnitude. Higher surface areas, as expected, showed faster oxidation. Chemistry and particle size characterization are discussed relative to military specifications for primers. Synthesized and existing current production lot of calcium silicide was mixed in FA874 primer mixtures. Peak pressures, pressure rise time, and ignition voltage showed no differences between the materials, demonstrating a pathway for producing synthetic primer additives.
DTIC
Atomizing; Calcium; Disilicides; Pumps; Silicides
20100016364 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
Young, Christopher M.; March 2010; 171 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516418; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10M-10; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The internal conversion electron emission from the de-excitation of the Gd-158m nucleus was explored as a means for
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neutron detection. Thin film gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) and p-type silicon heterojunction diodes were produced using a supercritical water deposition process. Pulse height spectroscopy was conducted on the novel diodes while they were subjected to a moderated plutonium-beryllium (PuBe) source flux of 104 thermal neutrons/cm2s. Coincident gamma spectroscopy was employed to verify the 1107.6 keV photon emissions from the diode indicative of successful neutron capture by Gd-157 and the subsequent de-excitation of the Gd-158m nucleus. Neutron capture in the diodes could not be confirmed experimentally.
The diodes were found to be sensitive to gamma rays between 10 and 20 keV.
DTIC
Electron Emission; Gadolinium; Heterojunctions; Internal Conversion; Neutron Counters; Oxides; Silicon Films; Solid State
Devices; Thin Films
26
METALS AND METALLIC MATERIALS
Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of metals and metallic materials; and metallurgy.
20100014907 Rutgers - The State Univ., New Brunswick, NJ USA
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications:
A First Principles Approach
Haule, Kristjan; Kotliar, Gabriel; Lazarovits, Bence; Kim, Kyoo; Jun 10, 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0203; Proj-54973PHDRP
Report No.(s): AD-A515855; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515855
Vanadium oxides are very interesting compounds which exhibit exotic transport phenomena. In particular vanadium dioxide (VO2) undergoes a first-order transition from a high-temperature metallic phase to a low-temperature insulating phase at almost the room temperature (T = 340 K). The resistivity jumps by several orders of magnitude through this transition, and the crystal structure changes from rutile (R-phase) at high-temperature to monoclinic (so-called M1-phase) at lowtemperature. The latter is characterized by a dimerization of the vanadium atoms into pairs, as well as a tilting of these pairs with respect to the c-axis. VO2 has also attracted a great deal of attention for its ultrafast optical response, switching between the R and the M1 phase. Despite the large number of experimental studies focusing on this material the physics driving this phase transition and the resulting optical properties is still mysterious. There are intensive reports around the world to make devices such as switches, transistors, detectors, varistors, phase change memory, exploiting the unique properties of VO2. Two physical effects, Peierls, i.e. dimerization, and the Mott mechanism due to strong Coulomb repulsion are important in the metal-insulator transition (MIT) of VO2. Understanding the detailed interplay and the relative importance of both Peierls and
Mott mechanism is important for controlling this material with an eye towards applications. For example, whether the driving force of this transition is electronic (i.e. occurring on femtosecond timescales) or structural (occurring on the picosecond timescale) is important to understand the speed of the switching from the M1 to the rutile phase. The insights obtained in this study together with the computational machinery developed, will serve as a basis for rational material design of VO2 based applications.
DTIC
Crystal Structure; Dioxides; Eye (Anatomy); Insulators; Phase Transformations; Vanadium; Vanadium Compounds
20100014957 Kobe Univ., Japan
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for High Cycle Fatigue
Hasebe, Tadashi; Ghoniem, Nasr M; Mar 19, 2010; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-07-1-4101
Report No.(s): AD-A516003; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516003
This research project performed FTMP-based modeling of surface groove formations that ultimately evolve into a crack and the effects of dislocation substructures were considered. Cu-added steels were studied as a model system. As definitive steps toward it, roughly three sub-divided subjects are dealt with: They are (1) effects of Cu addition on the core structure of a screw dislocation in Fe, approached through ab initio-based calculations, (2) Field-theoretical evaluations of dislocation cell structures in terms of flow-evolutionary law (i.e., fluctuations in incompatibility tensor field versus elastic strain energy) and
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(3) modeling of a slip band (of PSB ladder underlying structure) and attendant crack initiation process.
DTIC
Copper; Design Optimization; Metal Fatigue; Steels
20100015024 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
De Graef, Marc; Willard, Matthew A; Laughlin, David E; McHenry, Michael B; Jul 2001; 5 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-96-1-0454
Report No.(s): AD-A516279; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516279
Domain imaging of soft magnetic materials by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is difficult due to the potentially saturating field of the microscope’s objective lens. Energy filtered Lorentz microscopy provides a low field, high resolution domain imaging solution for soft magnetic materials. This technique was successfully applied to a soft magnetic nanocrystalline alloy to examine the domain configurations in a thin foil sample. A sample with composition
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 annealed at 650 deg C for one hour was examined. Both Foucault and Fresnel methods were used to develop a clear picture of the relationship between the microstructure and domain structure of this alloy. Magnetic domain maps were created showing some regions of the sample with irregularly shaped domains, which are characteristic of amorphous alloys. Other regions contained relatively large grains with the magnetization in a circular in-plane configuration
(presumably due to shape anisotropy).
DTIC
Electron Microscopy; Iron Alloys; Magnetic Domains; Microscopy
20100015025 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of Magnetic Domain Configurations in Ni2MnGa
De Graef, Marc; Willard, Matthew A; McHenry, Michael E; Zhu, Yimei; Jul 2001; 4 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-98CD10886; DMR-95-01017
Report No.(s): AD-A516280; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516280
Magnetic domain configurations in the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni(2)MnGa are analyzed by means of Lorentz microscopy and noninterferometric phase reconstruction methods. Domain structures in the cubic phase consist of cross-tie walls in the thinnest portions of the foil, and more complex configurations in thicker regions. At low temperature, the magnetization configurations change as the structure transforms martensitically to a tetragonal phase. A simple model for the magnetization changes is proposed.
DTIC
Cooling; Ferromagnetic Materials; Magnetic Domains; Microscopy; Shape Memory Alloys
20100015027 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
Zabaras, Nicholas; Jul 2001; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-00-1-0373
Report No.(s): AD-A516286; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516286
The objective of this work is to develop a continuum sensitivity finite element analysis for the robust design of multi-stage metal forming processes in aircraft manufacturing. The computational forming design simulator being developed is applied to industrial forming design and provides the means to select the sequence of deformation processes, design the dies and preforms for each process stage as well as the process conditions such that a product is obtained with desired shape and microstructure and with the minimal material utilization and overall cost. This virtual process laboratory will assist the aircraft manufacturing industry in reducing time for process and product development, in trimming the cost of an extensive experimental process development effort and in developing processes for tailored material properties.
DTIC
Computational Grids; Computerized Simulation; Deformation; Dies; Grid Generation (Mathematics); Industries;
Manufacturing; Metal Working; Microstructure
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20100015463 Texas Univ., Austin, TX USA
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
Bewick, Bryan; Hoemann, John; Williamson, Eric; February 2010; 11 pp.; In English; ASCE Structures Congress, 12-14 May
2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4819-09-C-0032; Proj-4918; 62012F
Report No.(s): AD-A515188; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515188
Past research has demonstrated that steel stud walls can perform well when subjected to large blast events. The construction methods needed to achieve good performance that take advantage of the inherent ductility offered by steel, however, have been costly and have often required the use of specialized connection details that allow a stud to reach its full flexural and/or tensile capacities prior to connection failure. The goal of the current study is to develop techniques for mitigating large blast loads acting against steel stud walls using conventional construction materials and techniques. Two issues of concern for the current research are: 1) the performance under blast loads of typical connections, either commercial clips or the standard screwed-stud-to-track, has yet to be fully examined, and 2) current methods of design do not incorporate the mechanical interaction of veneer layers for potentially increasing the blast resistance of steel stud walls. To better understand the role played by connection design details and wall system construction details, research for this project includes laboratory testing, field testing, and computational modeling. In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the research program and a summary of the findings that have been developed to date. From the data collected during this project, designs that exhibit a balance of simplistic, economic, and adequate protection will be developed.
DTIC
Bending Fatigue; Blast Loads; Steels; Walls
20100015647 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Gimbaled-shoulder friction stir welding tool
Carter, Robert W., Inventor; Lawless, Kirby G., Inventor; March 30, 2010; 5 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed September 29, 2006; US-Patent-7,686,202; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/543,287; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015647
A gimbaled-shoulder friction stir welding tool includes a pin and first and second annular shoulders coupled to the pin.
At least one of the annular shoulders is coupled to the pin for gimbaled motion with respect thereto as the tool is rotated by a friction stir welding apparatus.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Friction Stir Welding; Pins
20100015850 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for Transparent Armor Applications
Hsieh, Alex J; Sarva, Sai S; Rice, Norman; Sep 2009; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-D-0002; Proj-622105H7G
Report No.(s): AD-A516868; ARL-RP-280; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516868
The U.S. Army Joint Service Chemical/Biological Protective Facemask program requires a lens system that can be folded while providing a high level of optical quality, chemical resistance, ballistic protection, scratch resistance, and environmental durability. In general, materials with good barrier properties lack significant energy absorption/dissipation abilities upon impact, whereas rigid transparent polymeric materials that are extremely tough exhibit poor resistance to chemical hazards and abrasion. The Army Research Laboratory is currently engaged in collaboration with the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies
(ISN) to help design novel polymeric materials with improved physical and mechanical properties by exploiting novel molecular mechanisms. This report presents recent experimental findings exploring the role of molecular mechanisms on the dynamic mechanical deformation of a model set of transparent segmented poly(urethane urea), PUU, elastomers. As expected, increasing the hard segment content improved the barrier properties, and also increased the stiffness and flow stress levels.
Tailoring of the microstructure was critical in altering their rate-dependent mechanical behavior. It was observed that promoting phase mixing among the hard and soft segment domains of the microphase-separated PUU material greatly enhanced its rate-dependent stiffening and strain hardening behavior. Furthermore, the resulting increase in intermolecular interaction also enhanced the barrier properties. These insights can aid in the design of PUUs for articles that manifest
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improved protective abilities under impact, while maintaining their flexibility during normal use, which is greatly desired for chemical/biological protective faceshield applications.
DTIC
Armor; Elastomers; Masks; Strain Hardening; Transparence; Ureas
20100016075 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for High Temperature Applications
Willard, Matthew A; Johnson, Frank; Claassen, John H; Stroud, Rhonda M; McHenry, Michael E; Harris, Vincent G; Jan 2002;
24 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-96-1-0454; NGT3-52379
Report No.(s): AD-A517474; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
High temperature inductor applications require improved magnet performance, including simultaneous high magnetization and low core losses at ever higher operation frequencies. Conventional polycrystalline soft magnet alloys are mature technologies with little room for meaningful improvement. Recently, nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials possessing reduced hysteretic losses and offering higher operation frequencies than conventional alloys have been introduced.
These nanocrystalline soft magnets with compositions Fe-Co-Zr-B-(Cu) have been offered as alternatives to the conventional alloys. This paper describes the processing, structure, and magnetic properties of these materials.
DTIC
Alloys; High Temperature; Magnetic Materials; Polycrystals
20100016123 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy Cruiser
Nichols, J M; Seaver, M; Trickey, S T; Scandell, K; Salvino, L W; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517625; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
A number of CG class vessels in the U.S. Navy are experiencing cracking at various locations on the aluminum superstructure. The cracking has been observed on the 04 level deckplate, the overhead of one of the AN/SPG-62 Illuminator
(radar) rooms, the intake bulkhead, and several other locations on one particular class of vessel. The cracking is, in many cases, persistent, recurrent (even after repairs), and has the potential to influence mission critical operations aboard ships. Currently, the cause of this cracking has been investigated and is believed to be stress corrosion caused by sensitization of the aluminum alloy used in construction (5456 material). However, in order for this type of cracking to initiate and persist, the material must be sustaining large stresses. The origin of these stresses is still in question. The goal of this work was to instrument one of the affected areas, monitor the stresses over a 36-hour period during transit, and try to discern the types of ship maneuvers or ambient conditions that are leading to stress concentrations. The specific area under observation was the deckplate
(overhead) of the #4 Radar room (05-316-0-C) onboard a ship from the affected class. This location was chosen because there has been repeated cracking of this deckplate and because this room provided the most convenient, unobstructed location for installation.
DTIC
Aluminum Alloys; Crack Propagation; Fixtures; Instruments; Navy; Stress Corrosion
20100016352 Universal Technology Corp., Dayton, OH USA; UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, USA; Air Force Research Lab.,
Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order 0043: Deformation and Texture
Development During Hot Working of Titanium
Salem, A. A.; Glavicic, M. G.; Semiatin, S. L.; April 2008; 60 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-D-5801-0043; Proj-4349; 61202F
Report No.(s): AD-A516499; S-531-043; AFRL-RX-WP-TM-2010-4085; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research in support of the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate was conducted at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio from 3 November 2005 through 31 January 2008. This task developed constitutive models for alpha/beta titanium alloys with colony-alpha microstructure and validated texture prediction models for plate rolling. A method for separating the textures of primary alpha [alpha(sub p] and secondary alpha [alpha(sub s)] in alpha/beta titanium alloys with a duplex microstructure was developed. Utilizing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), the approach relies on the non-uniform partitioning of alloying elements between primary alpha and
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regions containing secondary-alpha lamellae and residual beta matrix phase. The method was evaluated using samples of
Ti-6Al-4V for which vanadium partitions strongly to secondary alpha + beta regions. The technique thus provides a useful tool for quantifying the evolution of deformation texture in the primary alpha and transformation texture in secondary alpha formed via decomposition of the beta matrix following hot working or final heat treatment.
DTIC
Aluminum Alloys; Deformation; Hot Working; Microstructure; Textures; Titanium; Titanium Alloys; Vanadium Alloys
20100016365 Universal Technology Corp., Dayton, OH USA
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order 0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
Jha, Sushant; May 2008; 101 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-D-5801-0037; Proj-4349; 62102F
Report No.(s): AD-A516502; S-531-037; AFRL-RX-WP-T<-2010-4084; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The research develop a comprehensive understanding of the causes of fatigue variability, especially the minimum life, in a +b titanium alloys and nickel base superalloys. A physics-based life-prediction model has been developed that provides accurate probabilistic fatigue lifetime limits in aerospace materials with respect to microstructural and extrinsic variables, and promises significant reduction in the uncertainty associated with life prediction. The modeling is based on some key findings, common to a range of aerospace material systems, in terms of the fatigue variability behavior. First, it is found that effect of microstructural and loading variables on fatigue variability is manifested as separate degree of influences on the mean fatigue behavior and the life-limiting, lower-tail behavior. Therefore, the lifetime distribution can be represented as a divergence or convergence of these two behaviors as a function of the imposed variables. Second, the life-limiting behavior is shown to be controlled by the crack growth regime, i.e., the crack initiation lifetime is negligible. This separation of mean and the crack-growth-controlled behavior is found to be promoted by the development of an array of heterogeneity scales in the material under any given nominal microstructure and loading condition. These heterogeneity scales, which are related to the underlying microstructural configurations, are suggested to produce sequential failure mechanisms in the order of decreasing heterogeneity level. These vital concepts have been developed with the help detailed investigation of the relationship of the mean and the life-limiting mechanisms to the underlying microstructural drivers. Quantitative analysis of crack initiation sites in terms of size, and spatial and crystallographic orientations of the crack initiating feature and its neighborhood were employed to support this purpose.
DTIC
Aircraft Engines; Crack Propagation; Fatigue (Materials); Heat Resistant Alloys; Life (Durability); Mathematical Models;
Predictions; Titanium; Titanium Alloys; Turbine Engines; Turbines; Variability
27
NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of plastics, elastomers, lubricants, polymers, textiles, adhesives, and ceramic materials. For composite materials see 24 Composite Materials .
20100014940 Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI USA
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid Polymers
Lee, Andre; Mar 10, 2010; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-1-0347
Report No.(s): AD-A515959; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515959
Under this equipment grant, we are to acquire a unique characterization facility needed for determining sub-molecular level changes in the atomic bonding responsible for the enhanced performance of materials reinforced with a new class of nano-structured, hybrid chemicals; polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). This facility is vital to the PI’s current
AFOSR and AFRL-PRSM projects because it will expand the use of POSS in both high temperature polymeric matrix composites and engineering elastomers. This effort is needed for a fundamental advancement of our understanding for the synergistic performance enhancement in the use of nano-structured hybrid chemicals with organic materials. Under this effort, we had purchased 1) an upgrade the existing Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) equipped with a new detector,
2) a micro-Raman spectrometer with 3 different excitation lasers covering from UV to near-IR range, and 3) a custom heated
74
deformation stage. This unique facility with these state-of-the-art spectroscopic techniques will enable a direct measurement on the shifts of vibrational frequencies which are associated with specific molecular segments as the material experiences an externally imposed field, e.g., thermal or mechanical loads. The spectroscopic technique is also a non-destructive method. This information is invaluable as we seek to understand the molecular origins behind the observed performance enhancements in a variety of materials which have been reinforced by functionalized, nano-structured hybrid chemicals such as POSS.
DTIC
Deformation; Polymers; Raman Spectroscopy; Spectroscopic Analysis; Vibration
20100015178 Melbourne Univ., Victoria, Australia
Fire Resistance of Geopolymer Concretes
Provis, John; Mar 21, 2010; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-08-1-4096
Report No.(s): AD-A516453; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project carried out fire testing of geopolymer concrete specimens and associated laboratory testing. This report focuses on the outcomes of the series of pilot-scale tests on geopolymer concrete panels, which were conducted on a single geopolymer concrete formulation. Geopolymer concrete is derived from coal fly ash and metallurgical slag, which are reacted together with an alkaline activating solution (sodium silicate in this case), blended with fine and coarse aggregate (quartz sand and crushed granite in this case) to generate a product which is similar in mechanical properties and general appearance to
Portland cement concrete.
DTIC
Concretes; Flammability; Polymers
20100015217 Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT USA
Damage Threshold Characterization in Structural Composite Materials and Composite Joints
Mandell, John F; Agastra, Pancasatya; Cairns, Douglas S; Badaliance, Robert; Sears, Aaron; Feb 28, 2010; 76 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0444
Report No.(s): AD-A516534; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This program consisted of three tasks related to damage thresholds. Task A explored test methods for characterizing fatigue damage thresholds in resin infused laminates through a complex structured coupon containing ply drops, representative of large composite structures. The complex coupon provides a context for comparing different infusion resins which is economical, but representative of complex structure. Test results and simulations for damage growth and damage thresholds under reversed fatigue loading are given for several types of infusion resins. Task B explored the potential of qualifying new material damage thresholds with multi-axial testing, wherein the material constitutive response in multi-axial strain space is an empirical parameter instead of an assumed functional form. The onset of damage, plus damage progression was monitored for fiberglass/epoxy and carbon fiber/epoxy laminates. A damage metric, known as Dissipated Energy Density (DED) was developed, as well as nonlinear constitutive relationships for continuum based finite element modeling. In Task C a methodology for adhesive joint characterization using the geometry independent nonlinear constitutive behavior of the adhesives from joint tests was developed in conjunction with Boeing. This methodology enabled the use of dissipated strain energy density as the metric to evaluate onset of damage and growth in strain space, for FM300 adhesive with aluminum and carbon/epoxy joints.
DTIC
Adhesives; Characterization; Composite Materials; Damage; Flux Density; Yield Point
20100015269 Wyoming Univ., Laramie, WY USA
Designing Spider Silk Proteins for Materials Applications
Lewis, Randolph V; Oct 28, 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0368
Report No.(s): AD-A516656; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Spider silks have the potential to provide new bio-based materials for numerous military applications ranging from protective clothing to parachute cords to composite materials in aircraft. Specific amino acid motifs have been identified which have been conserved for over 125 million years in all spiders using their silk to physically trap their prey. No one has systematically varied the sequence motifs in the spider silk proteins and determined how this influences the mechanical
75
properties of the resulting fibers. These experiments will provide the predictive knowledge enabling the design of materials with very specific elastic and strength properties for each military application. Specific Aims (1) The properties of dragline silk are the result of the combining both proteins MaSp 1 and 2. (2) The elasticity of the individual molecules and the materials will be proportional to the number of elastic motifs they contain and varying the amount of the non-elastic regions will vary the tensile strength.
DTIC
Proteins; Silk; Spiders
20100015438 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM, USA; Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO, USA
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline Catalysts from Solutions to Supports (LDRD 104111)
Kemp, R. A.; Lattman, M.; Resler, S. P.; Richards, V.; Buhro, W. E.; Dec. 2006; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966585; SAND2006-7709; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Control of nanoparticle size is crucial to the development of nanotechnology. At this point in time, no general, rational synthetic strategy for controlling nanocrystal diameters and producing narrow diameter distributions has emerged. This is a reflection of a poor understanding of the mechanisms for nanocrystal growth. Based on previous studies of bismuth and gold nanoparticle growth, this work clearly establishes two new synthetic approaches to controlled growth of colloidal Pt nanocrystals, both based on aggregative-growth mechanisms, which afford narrow size distributions and size control over a wide and relevant size regime. The first new method is a phase transfer process, where growth is controlled by varying ligand stabilizer concentrations. The second method involves rapid reduction of a molecular platinum precursor in the presence of a polymer stabilizer. At present the size control is empirical, and incompletely understood and incompletely developed.
However, the new synthetic pathways are amenable to kinetic study and analysis, establishing that a quantitative, rational control of sizes and size distributions can be achieved.
NTIS
Catalysts; Nanoparticles; Platinum
20100015478 Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS USA
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Stephenson, L. D.; Kumar, Ashok; Walde, Robert; Merzlikin, Max; August 2009; 239 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIPR-6FCERB1020; MIPR-6H6AG3CPC1; Proj-CPC-FAR-16
Report No.(s): AD-A515491; ERDC/CERL-TR-09-27; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The corrosion of steel rebar in reinforced concrete structures is a pervasive and expensive problem for the Department of Defense. The maintenance and repair costs for affected structures and equipment amounts to hundreds of millions of dollars each year, and the degradation negatively impacts military readiness and infrastructure safety. This report documents a demonstration of a concrete re-bar corrosion inhibitor system and a liquid galvanic coating that provides cathodic protection for steel-reinforced concrete. These treatments were applied to critical infrastructure in a highly corrosive environment located at U.S. military facilities in Okinawa, specifically, two portions of a wall ring girder in a warehouse at Naha Military Port and two culvert bridges at the Kadena Air Force Base fuel storage depot. The data obtained in this demonstration show quantitatively that the corrosion inhibitor application significantly reduced the corrosion rate of the rebar on the tested structures. The galvanic coating appears to be providing protection to the rebar, but quantifying the extent of protection or positive impact on service life would require further monitoring and evaluation.
DTIC
Coasts; Composite Materials; Concretes; Corrosion Prevention; Japan; Protective Coatings; Steels
20100015479 Southern Research Inst., Birmingham, AL USA
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Duke, Dan; Casey, Tony; Bewick, Bryan T.; Browning, Robert S.; October 31, 2009; 14 pp.; In English; 80th Shock and
Vibration Symposium, 25 - 29 Oct, 2009, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4819-09-C-0037; Proj-4918
Report No.(s): AD-A515466; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper presents the results of testing and analytical developments sponsored by the U.S. Department of State to investigate the capacity of through-bolted laminated glass edge supports. Design equations and supporting test data are
76
presented that capture the capacity of the through-bolted laminate material in reaction to in-plane membrane induced loading.
A simple analytical treatment of edge clamping force is presented. Preliminary test data supports the validity of the clamping force calculation. The feasibility of designing through-bolted connections that are capable of reaching capacity for the full post-crack in-place membrane tension of laminate materials is demonstrated. Laminate coupon testing and laminated glass drop hammer testing was executed by the Force Protection Branch of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) at Tyndall
Air Force Base, Florida. Laminate component testing and analytical developments were conducted by Southern Research
Institute in Birmingham, Alabama.
DTIC
Glass; Laminates
20100015854 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent Polycrystalline Ceramic
Paliwal, B; Ramesh, K T; McCauley, James W; Chen, Mingwei; Sep 2009; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-BH64
Report No.(s): AD-A516879; ARL-RP-269; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516879
An experimental technique is developed to impose a planar lateral confinement in a prismatic specimen (with rectangular cross-section); the setup enabled a controlled and homogeneous stress state with high lateral compressive stresses. A transparent polycrystalline aluminum oxynitride (AlON) specimen was used for the study. The statically pre-compressed specimen was then subjected to axial dynamic compressive loading using a modified compression Kolsky bar setup.
Experimental design was performed using 3D computational modeling. Initial exploratory experiments were conducted on
AlON at average planar confinement of 400 - 410 MPa; the results suggested a higher compressive strength and a non-linear stress evolution in AlON due to the confinement. A high-speed camera was used to observe the damage evolution in the specimen during the course of loading. The photographs and stress evolution are suggestive of an additional inelastic deformation mechanism, evolution of which is slower than the typical brittle-cracking type of damage apparent in the unconfined case. The TEM and HREM analysis indicated dislocation plasticity in some fragments; dislocations in the slip bands were characterized to be dissociated 110 dislocations on {111} planes. The width between two partial dislocations was about 15 nm, suggesting low stacking fault energy of AlON. Microscopic characterization also reveals that the eventual fragmentation of AlON is by cleavage mainly along low-index {111} planes.
DTIC
Ceramics; Failure; Polycrystals; Transparence
20100016018 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE Act
Hornbeck, J F; Mar 16, 2010; 29 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517320; CRS-RL34687; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In December 2006, the 109th Congress passed the Haitian Hemispheric Opportunity through Partnership Encouragement
Act of 2006 (HOPE I), which included special trade rules that give preferential access to U.S. imports of Haitian apparel.
These rules were intended to promote investment in the apparel industry as one element of a broader economic growth and development plan. HOPE I allowed for the duty-free treatment of select apparel imports from Haiti made from less expensive third-country inputs (e.g., non-regional yarns, fabrics, and components), provided Haiti met rules of origin and eligibility criteria that required making progress on worker rights, poverty reduction, and anti-corruption measures. The 110th Congress amended HOPE I in the Hemispheric Opportunity through Partnership Encouragement Act of 2008 (HOPE II). HOPE II extends the preferences for 10 years, expands coverage of duty-free treatment to more apparel products, particularly knit articles, and simplifies the rules, making them easier to use. Early evidence suggests that apparel production and exports are responding to these changes. The earthquake that rocked Haiti on January 12, 2010, caused considerable damage to the apparel sector, although much has been done to get capacity back to at least 80% of pre-earthquake levels. Early estimates of rebuilding costs for the industry begin at $25 million to refurbish damaged buildings, replace machinery, and train new employees. The apparel world moves quickly, and the greatest fear is that U.S. buyers will abandon Haiti for other production sites just as the apparel industry was making strides in redevelopment. Although buyers are reportedly willing to stay with
Haiti factories, the sentiment could shift quickly if production is unable to return to levels adequate to meet orders. The U.S.
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Congress could respond by amending the tariff preferences and rules of origin in HOPE II to provide additional incentives for investors to operate in Haiti.
DTIC
Clothing; Haiti; Industries
20100016045 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Effects of Prior Aging at 260 deg C in Argon on Inelastic Deformation Behavior of PMR-15 Polymer at 260 deg C:
Experiment and Modeling
Diedrick, Bradley K; Mar 2010; 163 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517402; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The inelastic deformation behavior of PMR-15 neat resin, a high-temperature polymer, was investigated at 260 deg C. The experimental program was designed to explore the influence of strain rate on loading and unloading behaviors. In addition, the effect of prior strain rate on creep, relaxation, and recovery responses was evaluated. The material exhibits positive, nonlinear strain rate sensitivity in monotonic loading. Early failures occur before inelastic flow is fully established. The creep, relaxation, and recovery responses are significantly influenced by prior strain rate. The experimental data were modeled using the Viscoplasticity Based on Overstress for Polymers (VBOP) theory. The effects of prior aging in argon at 260 deg C on the time (rate)-dependent behavior of the PMR-15 polymer were evaluated in a series of strain controlled experiments. Several of the VBO material parameters were expanded as functions of prior aging time. The resulting model was used to predict the behavior of PMR-15 subjected to various prior aging durations.
DTIC
Argon; Deformation; Polymers; Strain Rate
20100016076 Academy of Sciences (Russia), Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Ovidko, Ilya; Mar 15, 2010; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0295; Proj-09PR00663-00
Report No.(s): AD-A517478; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Mechanical properties of advanced nanostructured ceramic composites are theoretically described with emphasis on the role of defects and interfaces (grain and interphase boundaries) as well as nanoscale effects in these processes occurring at various length scales. In particular, theoretical models are suggested describing (1) emission of partial dislocations from amorphous intergranular boundaries in ceramic nanocomposites; (2) the role of amorphous intergranular boundaries as toughening elements in nanoceramics; (3) combined effects of intergrain sliding and diffusion processes on ductility of nanoceramics; (4) the grain size effect on crack blunting in nanoceramics at elevated temperatures; (5) the strengthening effect of Y-junction nanotubes in ceramic nanocomposites; (6) nucleation of nanograins near crack tips and its role as a special toughening mechanism in ceramic nanocomposites; (7) generation of nanoscale tracks at defect configurations formed due to intergrain sliding in nanoceramics.
DTIC
Ceramic Matrix Composites; Ceramics; Composite Materials; Composite Structures; Grain Boundaries; Mathematical
Models; Mechanical Properties
20100016355 University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS USA
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order 0044: Accelerated Computational
Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in Nanoparticulate-Polymer Composites
Pandey, Ras; Yeates, Alan T.; Farmer, Barry L.; May 2008; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-D-5801-0044; Proj-4349; 61202F
Report No.(s): AD-A516480; S-531-044; AFRL-RX-WP-TM-2010-4086; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research in support of the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate was conducted at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio from 1 December 2005 through 1 April 2008. This task developed and validated Monte Carlo computational methods for the modeling of two-dimensional nanoplates in polymer/solvent matrix. Nano-particulate polymer composites consist of multi-component systems with such constituents as solvent, polymer chains, clay platelets etc. The vast parameter space includes molecular weight of constituents, their concentrations, temperature, and interaction apart from
78
processing and driving mechanism (shearing, compression, etc.). The constitutive components can be described by particles, chains, and sheets in a coarse-grained modeling by computer simulations. Relaxation of each component and their cooperative dynamics lead to multi-scale responses resulting in self-organizing structures. While the stochastic dynamics of each component facilitate equilibration, the physical entanglement, local-crowding, and jamming cause entropic constraints that may hinder thermal equilibration. The evolving structure may or may not be in thermodynamics equilibrium depending on the time scales. Understanding the structure and dynamics of such a multi-component system is known for its complexities.
Therefore, we proposed to address some of the issues by accelerated computational approach.
DTIC
Composite Materials; Matrix Materials; Nanoparticles; Polymers; Self Organizing Systems; Stochastic Processes
28
PROPELLANTS AND FUELS
Includes rocket propellants, igniters, and oxidizers; their storage and handling procedures; and aircraft fuels. For nuclear fuels see
73 Nuclear Physics . For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power ; and
44 Energy Production and Conversion .
20100015483 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Caspian Sea International Environmental Security Game
Butts, Kent H.; Bradshaw, Arthur L., Jr.; July 1999; 221 pp.; In English; Caspian Sea International Environmental Security
Game, 16 - 17 Nov. 1998, Carlisle Barracks, PA, USA
Report No.(s): AD-A515654; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Caspian Sea and International Environmental Security Game was the second annual international environmental security exercise conducted by the Center for Strategic Leadership (CSL) of the U. S. Army War College. Held at the CSL’s
Collins Center, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, on 16-17 November 1998, this year’s exercise focused on the energy resources, geopolitics, and environmental security of the Caspian Basin. The co-sponsors of the exercise were the Deputy
Assistant Secretary of State for Economics and Business Affairs, U.S. Department of State, Mr. Peter Bass, and the Principal
Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Environmental Security), Mr. Gary Vest. The purpose of the exercise was to examine the petroleum pipeline transport options in the context of U.S. National Security interests, and the increased importance of environmental issues to global energy production and transport, and to promote better communication, cooperation, and an understanding of the region’s many issues and challenges. Participants included U.S. national security policy-makers, senior international oil company executives, academics, ambassadors or other high-level representatives from the Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Georgian, and Turkish Missions to the USA, representatives from the U.S. Departments of
State, Defense, Energy, and the Environmental Protection Agency, Central and European Military Commands, the Joint and
Army Staffs, and 40 U.S. Army War College International Officers. The game was preceded by a plenary session with initial remarks by Mr. Bass and Mr. Vest, paper presentations from Robert Ebel, CSIS; Brian Shaw, DOE; MG Charles Wax,
EUCOM J-5; RADM John Sigler, CENTCOM J-5; and John Daly, Georgetown University, and regional overviews by the ambassadors.
DTIC
Caspian Sea; Environmental Surveys; Petroleum Products; Pipelines; Security
20100015912 Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering, Washington, DC USA
Department of Defense Report to Congress on Synthetic Fuel Utilization
Jul 11, 2008; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517103; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517103
Synthetic fuels, or synfuels, have similar chemical properties as petroleum-based fuels and can be comingled in the distribution system but are produced from nontraditional sources. Synthetic fuels are not refined from petroleum, but are produced from non-petroleum sources such as coal, natural gas, and biomass. Synthetic fuels are a subset of alternative fuels.
The Department purchases fuel from distributors at particular locations worldwide, and the specifications and refining processes vary depending on the area. For example, in Europe, for aviation fuel, the Department uses Jet A-1, and in Canada,
Jet-A. Our goal is to be able to use fuel derived from any source and process. However, within the U.S., we are considering the use of synthetic fuel as an alternative to petroleum-based fuels, thereby reducing our dependence on non-assured sources of oil and positively impacting the U.S. economy by initiating a domestic market in such alternative fuels. The Department
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acquires fuel worldwide from refiners manufacturing products to both commercial and military specifications using various refining processes. Commercial specification fuel is typically purchased at commercial airports and seaports in accordance with commercial specifications and operating procedures, and commercial specification fuels are also acquired for installation motor pool and power plant operations. DoD also procures large volumes of military specification fuel for storage and distribution in support of the Departments mobility fuel requirements (i.e., ships and aircraft). Our goal is to be able to use fuel derived from any source or process with an emphasis on using synthetically derived fuels.
DTIC
Congressional Reports; Defense Program; Synthetic Fuels
20100016004 Naval Air Warfare Center, Patuxent River, MD USA
Sea Level Operation Demonstration of F404-GE-400 Turbofan Engine with JP-5/Bio-Fuel Mixture
Chippa, Christopher; Mar 30, 2010; 25 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517278; NAWCADPAX/TR-2010/22E; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
An engine performance test was conducted on an uninstalled F404-GE-400 turbofan engine inside the Aircraft Test and
Evaluation Facility Hush House at Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland, on 13 October 2009. The test consisted of two separate engine performance demonstration runs through the full power range of operation using JP-5 fuel and a blend of JP-5 and a plant-based Bio-fuel. Specifically, the Bio-fuel was derived from the flowering plant known as camelina sativa and was manufactured by Sustainable Oils of Bozeman, Montana. The blended fuel consisted of 45% Bio-fuel and 55% JP-5 by volume. Analysis of the corrected performance data revealed no significant change in engine performance or operation.
DTIC
Jet Engine Fuels; Sea Level; Turbofan Engines
20100016039 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Performance of a Small Internal Combustion Engine Using N-Heptane and Iso-Octane
Wilson, Cary W; Mar 2010; 166 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517378; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M28; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
With the sustained interest in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Micro Air Vehicles (MAV), the military services have a real need for vehicles powered by an internal combustion (IC) engine that can run efficiently on heavy hydrocarbon fuels, especially JP-8 due to established logistics. This thesis concerns the results of running a two horsepower, 4-stroke, spark-ignition engine (FUJI BF34-EI) with both iso-Octane and n-Heptane. Results include the knocking characteristic of this engine with n-Heptane, a comparison of the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the two fuels in a factory delivered engine configuration over a 17x10 APC propeller loading, a comparison of the heated fuel effects on BSFC and torque of the two fuels and the effects of varied spark timing with n-Heptane on BSFC and torque. It is shown with stock ignition timing and fuel at ambient temperature, n-Heptane exhibits on average less specific fuel consumption than iso-Octane; specifically, an average of 4.1% over the entire engine loading and 12.61% over the stock propeller engine loading. It is concluded that the knocking characteristic of a zero octane number (ON) fuel using a stock configuration in this engine is negligible, thus allowing the USAF to run any ON fuel for this particular engine. Additionally, with spark timing advanced or retarded beyond the stock setting, it is shown to decrease BSFC on average 9.4% with n-Heptane. Lastly, the performance effects of heating n-Heptane up to 344K and iso-Octane up to 311K are shown to be negligible.
DTIC
Engine Design; Fuels; Heptanes; Internal Combustion Engines
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29
SPACE PROCESSING
Includes space-based development of materials, compounds, and processes for research or commercial application. Also includes the development of materials and compounds in simulated reduced-gravity environments. For legal aspects of space commercialization see
84 Law, Political Science and Space Policy .
20100015637 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Exploration
Balasubramaniam, R.; Gokoglu, S. A.; Sacksteder, K. R.; Wegeng, R. S.; Suzuki, N. H.; April 2010; 18 pp.; In English; 48th
Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216255; AIAA Paper 2010-797; E-17241; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015637
The realization of the renewed exploration of the Moon presents many technical challenges; among them is the survival of lunar surface assets during periods of darkness when the lunar environment is very cold. Thermal wadis are engineered sources of stored solar energy using modified lunar regolith as a thermal storage mass that can supply energy to protect lightweight robotic rovers or other assets during the lunar night. This paper describes an extension of an earlier analysis of performance of thermal wadis based on the known solar illumination of the Moon and estimates of producible thermal properties of modified lunar regolith. The current analysis has been performed for the lunar equatorial region and validates the formerly used 1-D model by comparison of predictions to those obtained from 2-D and 3-D computations. It includes the effects of a thin dust layer covering the surface of the wadi, and incorporating either water as a phase-change material or aluminum stakes as a high thermal conductivity material into the regolith. The calculations indicate that thermal wadis can provide the desired thermal energy and temperature control for the survival of rovers or other equipment during periods of darkness.
Author
Lunar Surface; Thermal Energy; Solar Heating; Lunar Environment; Lunar Exploration; Solar Energy; Thermodynamic
Properties; Heat Storage
31
ENGINEERING (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to engineering and applied physics, and particular areas of vacuum technology, industrial engineering, cryogenics, and fire prevention. For specific topics in engineering see categories 32 through 39 .
20100014824 Department of the Navy, Arlington, VA USA
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP) System Engineering Organization (JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
December 2004; 108 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515226; JSSEO-TR-2004-016; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515226
This document is a template for Test Readiness Reviews (TRR) that was used for Joint Single Integrated Air Picture
(SIAP) System Engineering Organization (JSSEO) Test Events. The Test Readiness Review is the second of two planning documents that were completed prior to the test event. The Test Plan is the first document, and it lays out high-level objectives, roles, and responsibilities, and other preliminary information for early approval. The TRR builds on and supersedes the Test
Plan. Additionally, the TRR documents that all necessary preparations for conducting the test have been completed, and it is the execution plan for conducting the runs for records. At JSSEO, signatures on the TRR constituted authority to begin testing.
In addition to specifying the structure and formatting of the Test Readiness Report, this template also provides some content instructions and examples.
DTIC
Evaluation; Images; Maintainability; Military Operations; Planning; System Effectiveness; Systems Analysis; Systems
Engineering; Systems Integration; Templates
81
20100014918 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH USA
Development of Localized Arc Filament RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow
Control
Kim, J H; Nishihara, M; Adamovich, I V; Samimy, M; Gorbatov, S V; Pliavaka, F V; Jan 2010; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515889; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515889
Recently developed Localized Arc Filament Plasma Actuators (LAFPAs) have shown tremendous control authority in high-speed and high Reynolds number flow for mixing enhancement and noise mitigation. Previously, these actuators were powered by a high voltage pulsed DC plasma generator with low energy coupling efficiency of 5-10%. In the present work, a new custom-designed 8-channel pulsed radio frequency (RF) plasma generator has been developed to power up to 8 plasma actuators operated over a wide range of forcing frequencies (up to 50 kHz) and duty cycles (1-50%), and at high energy coupling efficiency (up to 80-85%). This reduces input electrical power requirements by approximately an order of magnitude, down to 12 W per actuator operating at 10% duty cycle. The new pulsed RF plasma generator is scalable to a system with a large number of channels. Performance of pulsed RF plasma actuators used for flow control was studied in a Mach 0.9
circular jet with a Reynolds number of about 623,000 and compared with that of pulsed DC actuators. Eight actuators were distributed uniformly on the perimeter of a 2.54 cm diameter circular nozzle extension. Both types of actuators coupled approximately the same amount of power to the flow, but with drastically different electrical inputs to the power supplies.
Particle image velocimetry measurements showed that jet centerline Mach number decay produced by DC and RF actuators operating at the same forcing frequencies and duty cycles is very similar. At a forcing Strouhal number near 0.3, close to the jet column instability frequency, well-organized periodic structures, with similar patterns and dimensions, were generated in the jets forced by both DC and RF actuators. Farfield acoustic measurements demonstrated similar trends in the Overall Sound
Pressure Level (OASPL) change produced by both types of actuators, resulting in OASPL reduction up to 1.2- 1.5 dB in both cases.
DTIC
Actuators; Flow Distribution; High Reynolds Number; High Speed; Plasma Generators; Plasmas (Physics); Radio
Frequencies; Reynolds Number; Strouhal Number
20100014925 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO USA
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Wineland, D J; Itano, W M; Bergquist, J C; Bollinger, J J; Heinzen, D J; Manney, C H; Moore, F L; Raizen, M G; Weimer,
C S; Dec 1990; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515916; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515916
Frequency standards based on stored atomic ions are briefly reviewed. Specific examples are chosen to illustrate what is currently possible. Both rf/microwave and optical devices are discussed. The present limitations to existing experiments and possibilities for future improvement are outlined.
DTIC
Frequency Standards; Trapped Particles
20100014927 EG and G Frequency Products, Salem, MA USA
Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standards for GPS Block IIR
Riley, W J; Dec 1990; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515918; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515918
EG&G, Inc. has been selected to provide the Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standards ( RAFS) for the GPS Block IIR
NAVSTAR satellites. These satellites will replenish and upgrade the space segment of the Global Positioning System in the mid 1990s. The EG&G GPS RAFS Rb clocks are the latest generation of the high-performance rubidium frequency standards described at this conference in 1981, 1983, 1985, and 1987. They offer an aging rate in the low pp10(14)/day range and a drift-corrected 1-day stability in the low pp10(14) range. The Block IIR version of these devices will have improved performances, higher reliability, smaller size, and greater radiation hardness. The GPS Block IIR atomic clocks have a natural frequency configuration whereby they output a frequency of about 13.4 MHz that is a submultiple of the atomic resonance of Rb (or Cs). The RAFS operates at a low, fixed C-field for increased stability. The unit has been repackaged into a smaller
4.6 x 8.5 x 5.8 outline, but is somewhat heavier (12 lbs.) because of additional radiation shielding. Elimination of the ground
82
tuning logic and the secondary loop synthesizer (with its ovenized crystal oscillator) has reduced the RAFS complexity and improved its reliability to 0.80 for the 7.5-year mission. The RAFS power consumption is only 13 W at +20 deg. C in vacuum.
This paper describes the GPS Block IIR RAFS design, including the changes and improvements made, and the test results obtained, since the last report at this conference in 1987.
DTIC
Atomic Clocks; Frequency Standards; Global Positioning System; Rubidium
20100014941 Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA USA
The Physical Context for Thin Layers in the Coastal Ocean
Fratantoni, David M; Mar 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-04-1-0250
Report No.(s): AD-A515961; 07PR00250-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515961
Our long-term goal is to develop an efficient, sustainable, and relocatable observing system suitable for a variety of exploratory, process-oriented oceanographic studies and naval applications. Our basic strategy is to combine technology development with significant field experiments which advance our understanding of the ocean environment.
DTIC
Coasts; Marine Environments; Oceans
20100014962 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Quality Controlling Surfzone Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Observations to Estimate the Turbulent Dissipation Rate
Feddersen, Falk; Mar 15, 2010; 47 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516028; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516028
High-quality measurements of the turbulent dissipation rate are required to diagnose field surfzone turbulence budgets.
Quality control (QC) methods are presented for estimating surfzone with Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) data. Bad
ADV velocity data points are diagnosed with both the ADV signal-strength (SS) and correlation (CORR). The fraction of bad
SS data points (SS) depends inversely upon the wave-amplitude normalized transducer distance below the mean sea-surface.
The fraction of bad CORR data points CORR can be elevated when SS is low. The CORR depends inversely upon the wave-amplitude normalized sensing volume distance below the mean sea-surface and also increases with increased wave-breaking, consistent with turbulence and bubble induced Doppler noise. Velocity spectra derived from both patched and interpolated time series is used to estimate. Two QC tests, based upon the properties of a turbulent inertial-subrange, are used to reject bad data runs. The first test checks that the vertical velocity spectrum’s power-law exponent is near 5/3. The second test checks that a ratio R of horizontal and vertical velocity spectra is near one. Over all CORR, 70% of patched and interpolated data runs pass these tests. However, for larger CORR 0.1 (locations higher in the water column) 50% more patched than interpolated data runs pass the QC tests. Previous QC methods designed for wave studies are not appropriate for
QC. The results suggest that they can be consistently estimated over the lower 60% of the water column and 0.1 m above the bed within a saturated surfzone.
DTIC
Acoustic Velocity; Sound Waves; Turbulence; Velocity Measurement
20100014967 Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Sevres, France
First Results from Glonass Common-View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Lewandowski, W; Azoubib, J; Gevorkyan, A G; Bogdanov, P P; Danaher, J; de Jong, G; Hahn, J; Dec 1996; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516037; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516037
Currently the most popular method of comparing remote clocks is to use the GPS and GLONASS satellite navigation systems. The comparisons via GLONASS signals were suspended for many years because full deployment of the system was delayed and there were no commercial time receivers. This paper presents the first results from GLONASS common-view time comparisons, obtained using a GLONASS receiver of type ASN-16 from Russian Institute of RAdionavigation and Time
(RIRT) and an R-100 type of 3S Navigation while following a BIPM tracking schedule.
DTIC
Clocks; Global Positioning System; GLONASS; Schedules
83
20100015026 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Bremerton, WA USA
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
Report
Johnston, Robert K; Wang, P F; Richter, Kenneth E; Jan 2002; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-1-0502
Report No.(s): AD-A516283; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516283
Estuaries, fjords and sounds are important, major components of marine ecosystems worldwide. Because of this, and their generally poor treatment by man, large estuaries should be the focus of large-scale, multidisciplinary, integrative modeling efforts. We need to both understand how these systems work, and be able to predict how they will respond to changes, whether natural or anthropogenic. Puget Sound, Washington State’s largest inland sea, is both the largest fjord in the lower forty-eight states and closest to the substantial urban centers of Seattle, Tacoma, Everett, Bremerton and surrounding communities.
Relative to other coastal systems, Pacific Northwest fjords have seasonally high annual phytoplankton standing stock and primary production, and they support several economically valuable fisheries. Our long-term goals are to develop quantitative understanding of the seasonal and longer time-scale variabilities of the Sound’s circulation, roles of water column stratification, nutrients, and light (and their interactions) on phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics, and the sensitivity of the physical and the biological system to natural and human perturbations. We will develop models of Puget Sound that can aid agencies with responsibilities for environmental management in making informed decisions and serve as marine science education tools. A special emphasis for this component of the project is to develop an inlet-scale integrated modeling system that will include the hydrodynamic and contaminant transport within the receiving waters of Sinclair and Dyes Inlets, the surrounding watershed, and the boundaries with the Greater Puget Sound System [1].
DTIC
Coasts; Dyes; Estuaries; Marine Environments; Models; Shipyards; Sounds (Topographic Features)
20100015151 Bolt, Beranek, and Newman, Inc., Arlington, VA USA
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
Pulli, Jay J; Harben, Phil; Sep 2000; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516258; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Calibration and validation of acoustic source and propagation models plays an important role in the hydroacoustic component of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring. This validation requires that we have a loud acoustic source with sufficient low-frequency energy that could be easily deployed in the Sound Fixing and Ranging (SOFAR) channel. SUS charges (Signal Underwater Source, 0.82 kg of explosive) have been used for this purpose for years, but safety and environmental concerns make these sources impractical. Light bulbs with sinkers have long been used as shallow acoustic sources, but are too small for the purposes stated. Here we describe investigations into the use of thin-walled glass spheres as calibration sources. Since glass becomes stronger under pressure, a method is needed to reliably initiate the failure of the sphere at a specified depth. A prototype-smashing device, called a spherecracker, was designed for this purpose. It consists of a 4-inch-diameter piston with a 1/4-inch diameter ram. The end cap on the device’s cylinder tapers to a 1-inch diameter opening with a rupture disk calibrated to fail within 5% of the failure pressure. The ram initiates failure by punching a hole into the glass sphere. In March 1999 we conducted an experiment with a 10-inch-diameter glass sphere at Dabob Bay,
Washington. The sphere was tethered and lowered to a depth of 600 ft. A metal pipe was then slid down the tether line as a smashing device. This implosion produced a pressure pulse with peak amplitude of 9x10(11) microPa at 1 meter and duration of 1 msec. The signal was recorded at a sampling rate of 100 kHz, and the spectrum shows energy from 50-50000 Hz. The low-frequency source level is approximately 200 dB re 1-microPa. In February 2000 a test was conducted with a 22-liter glass sphere off the coast of San Diego at a depth of 685 meters in water that was 1200 meters deep.
DTIC
Calibrating; Glass; Implosions; Spheres; Underwater Acoustics
20100015177 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA
Upgrading an Experimental Flume for Engineering Research Education
Duan, Guohong J; Jan 2009; 3 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-09-1-0245
Report No.(s): AD-A516451; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This grant supports the upgrading of an open channel flume at the University of Arizona. The flume was built in 1980s and has been used by senior faculty conducting intensive experiments on fluvial hydraulics and sediment transport. After a
84
faculty retired in the 1990s, the flume has not been used in the past 10 years. To re-activate the flume, it requires remove the old channel, design/build a new one, install a digital automatic flow controller, add rails and instrument carts, install a sand feeder, acquire several micro-ADVs and two acoustic velocity profilers, and a laser surface profiler. The upgraded flume will be capable of simulating unsteady flows, sediment transport, and losing streams. The flume has a sufficient length to capture several flood waves. This feature is essential to researches, such as the attenuation and amplification of flood waves, non-equilibrium sediment transport in flood events, evolution of alluvial channel cross sections, processes of bank erosion, sorting of bi-modal sediment under unsteady flow, fluvial impacts of instream hydraulic structures (e.g. dikes, bridge piers, abutments), migration of channel platforms, and nutrient dynamics in losing streams.
DTIC
Education; Engineering; Hydraulic Test Tunnels
20100015219 Tekelec, Inc. Telecom, Tes Ulis, France
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency Standard
Baldy, Michel L; Dec 1996; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516539; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Tekslec has developed the first commercial prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Beam Frequency Standard with the scientific support of the Laboratotre de l’Horloge Atomique (LHA) and the financial support of the French Military
Administration (DGA). This work is based on years of experience of the LHA on cesium atomic clocks, especially on short atomic clocks and and on the experience of Tekslec in time and frequency for systems (timekeeping, time distribution, synchronization, etc.) and components (quartz, oscillators, rubidium atomic clocks, etc.). The first prototype is under characterization and the first results are presented in this paper.
DTIC
Cesium; Frequencies; Frequency Standards; Military Technology; Prototypes; Quartz; Stability
20100015278 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA
DoD Biometric Conformity Assessment Initiative
Woodward, John; Cava, Sam; Apr 2005; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516695; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The comprehensive discipline of conformity assessment involves conformance testing activities and the certification of information systems to ensure that adopted standards are met. This article provides an overview of conformity assessment, and details the steps the DoD Biometrics Management Office (BMO) and its subordinate technology center, the DoD Biometrics
Fusion Center (BFC), have underway to establish such a conformity assessment program for the implementation of interoperable biometric technologies. With such a program implemented, DoD components will adhere to DoD policies that emphasize the need for conformity assessment activities to ensure the interoperability of forces, equipment, and processes.
DTIC
Biometrics; Defense Program; Standardization
20100015385 Evidence Based Research, Inc., Vienna, VA USA
Advancing the State-of-the-Art in Intelligent Systems: Scientific Rigor in Our Methods of Experimentation
Leedom, Dennis K.; Sep 18, 2003; 23 pp.; In English; PerMIS-03, Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems, 16-18 Sep.
2003, Gaithersburg, MD, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516330; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516330
Experimentation is the lynch pin in the DoD’s strategy for transformation. Without a properly focused, well-balanced, rigorously designed, and expertly conducted program of experimentation, the DoD will not be able to take full advantage of the opportunities that Information Age concepts and technologies offer.
DTIC
Experiment Design; Military Technology; Research and Development
85
20100015526 Geophysical Inst. of Israel, Holon, Israel
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
Pinsky, Vladimir I; Husebye, Eystein S; Matveeva, Tatiana S; Fedorenko, Yury V; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516244; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516244
The prominent Lg wave is nearly always observed at local and regional distances. It is a surface wave propagating with almost constant group velocity around 3.5 km/s over a vast distance range of hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Thus, Lg propagation should in principle simplify epicenter location schemes, based on relative travel time equations. In our ongoing efforts to accomplish this we computed Hilbert or STA-envelopes and showed that in many recordings from Fennoscandia and
Central Europe the Lg group velocities measured using the envelope peak arrival times are remarkably consistent. However, they tightly concentrate around 3.4 km/sec for the Baltic shield of Fennoscandia and around 3.2 km/sec for the much younger crust of Central Europe. These Lg picks were subsequently used in the Pinsky (2008) relative time location algorithms of group beamforming and probabilistic beamforming for refined epicenter locations in Balticum.
DTIC
Shock Waves; Group Velocity; Beamforming; Baltic Shield (Europe)
20100015537 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
Brown, Daniel L.; Gallimore, Alec D.; February 24, 2010; 31 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-33SP
Report No.(s): AD-A516014; AFRL-RZ-ED-JA-2010-063; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516014
A Faraday probe with three concentric rings was designed and fabricated to assess the effect of gap width and collector diameter in a systematic study of the diagnostic ion collection area. The nested Faraday probe consisted of two concentric collector rings and an outer guard ring, which enabled simultaneous current density measurements on the inner and outer collector. Two versions of the outer collector were fabricated to create gaps of 0.5-mm and 1.5-mm between the rings.
Distribution of current density in the plume of a low-power Hall thruster ion source was measured in azimuthal sweeps at constant radius from 8 to 20 thruster diameters downstream of the exit plane with variation in facility background pressure.
A new analytical technique is proposed to account for ions collected in the gap between the Faraday probe collector and guard ring. This method is shown to exhibit excellent agreement between all nested Faraday probe configurations, and to reduce the magnitude of integrated ion beam current to levels consistent with Hall thruster performance analyses. The technique is further studied by varying the guard ring bias potential with a fixed collector bias potential, thereby controlling ion collection in the gap. Results are in agreement with predictions based on the proposed analytical technique. The method is applied to a past study comparing the measured ion current density profiles of two Faraday probe designs. These findings provide new insight into the nature of ion collection in Faraday probe diagnostics, and lead to improved accuracy with a significant reduction in measurement uncertainty.
DTIC
Ion Beams; Ion Probes; Ion Sources; Beam Currents; Density Measurement
20100015667 Big Horn Valve, Inc., Sheridan, WY USA
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
Smith, Ronn G., Inventor; Nagy, Jr., Zoltan Frank, Inventor; Moszczienski, Joseph Roch, Inventor; March 16, 2010; 17 pp.;
In English
Patent Info.: Filed October 29, 2002; US-Patent-7,677,261; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/283,694; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015667
A fluid coupling device and coupling system that may start and stop the flow of a fluid is disclosed. In some embodiments, first and second couplings are provided having an actuator coupled with each of the couplings. The couplings and actuators may be detachable to provide quick disconnect features and, in some embodiments, provide unitary actuation for the actuators of the coupling device to facilitate connection in mobile applications. Actuation may occur as the two couplings and actuators are engaged and disengaged and may occur by rotational actuation of the actuators. Rotational actuation can be provided to ensure flow through the coupling device, which in some embodiments may further provide an offset venturi feature. Upon
86
disengagement, a compression element such as a compression spring can be provided to return the actuators to a closed position. Some embodiments further provide a seal external to the actuators and provided at incipient engagement of the couplings.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Actuators; Couplings; Connectors; Disconnect Devices
20100015817 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-North Sea Mixing Zone
Osburn, Christopher L; Jan 2008; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-WX-2-1032
Report No.(s): AD-A516774; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516774
The long term goal is to improve the Navy’s prediction of the distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter
(CDOM) in the littoral battlespace through measurement of its specific chemical properties. In the larger context of water mass mixing, the long term goal is to model the distribution of CDOM inputs from multiple sources. The study site is the Kattegat and Belt Sea at the entrance to Baltic Sea, however the approach was designed for implementation is other regions of Navy interest. The objective of this project is to provide the means to chemically validate the multiple sources of CDOM in a complex mixing environment through advanced chemical measurements of CDOM. The field work of this project was carried out in the Baltic Sea-North Sea mixing zone at the entrance to the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is a large fjord greatly influenced by freshwater inflow from its large drainage basin and having a limited exchange with the North Sea (Atlantic Ocean). As a result its waters have a high content of terrestrially derived organic material. Danish marine monitoring cruises with R/V
Gunnar Thorson were used as a sampling platform for the project. The cruises covered 26 stations (Fig. 1). Samples were taken for optical and chemical measurements of CDOM. Data for other water constituents and properties were made available from the monitoring program (temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, nutrient concentrations). At 90% of the monitoring stations, samples for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and stable isotope value [delta(sup 13)C-DOC] were taken.
DTIC
Baltic Sea; Carbon; Chemical Analysis; Chromophores; Coastal Water; Coasts; Dissolved Organic Matter; Marine
Environments; North Sea
20100015826 Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore, India
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
Jagadeesh, Gopalan; Mar 10, 2010; 32 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-08-1-4032
Report No.(s): AD-A516814; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516814
The effects of both steady and pulsating thermal bump presence in the vicinity of the boundary layer of generic bodies have been investigated. The variation of surface static pressure along a sharp leading edge flat plate at angle of attack (10 deg.) has been measured in the presence of both steady and pulsating thermal bump. In these studies, both argon and air have been used as test gases. A heating element capable of reaching 1280 K in an area of 13 sq mm is used to generate a steady thermal bump within the boundary layer of the flat plate model. A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) over an area of 10 sq mm is used for generating pulsating thermal bump ( 10 W/sq cm at 6, 8 and 19 kHz) near the leading edge of the flat plate. The static pressure distribution along the flat plate is measured at different pulsing frequency of DBD at hypersonic Mach numbers. The pressure field in the presence of steady thermal bump appears to be oscillatory. At some locations downstream of the bump the static pressure decreased by 25 -30% while it increased by 10-15% at other locations in the vicinity of the hot spot.
However substantial reductions in the downstream pressure (30 -50%) have been measured on the flat plate in the presence of oscillating thermal bump. The reduction appears to be strongly dependent on the pulsing frequency. The pressure reduction seems to be better with argon as test gas compared to the experiments with dry air. Due to the effects of electromagnetic interference and inherently lower values surface convective heat transfer rates on the flat plate in the presence of oscillatory thermal bump could not be measured. However, surface heat transfer rates on a cone-cylinder model in the presence of a steady thermal bump (40 W/sq cm) near the apex of the sharp cone has been measured.
DTIC
Dielectrics; Flat Plates; Flow Distribution; Hypersonic Flow; Hypersonics; Perturbation; Slender Cones
87
20100015853 Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA USA
The Rubidium Atomic Clock and Basic Research
Camparo, James C; Dec 10, 2007; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8802-04-C-0001
Report No.(s): AD-A516876; TR-2007(8555)-5; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516876
The vapor-cell atomic clock finds application today in the global positioning system and telecommunications. To improve and miniaturize the humble device for future applications will require a deeper understanding of atomic and chemical physics.
DTIC
Atomic Clocks; Research; Rubidium
20100015856 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head, MD USA
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2 Ammunition
Swisdak, Jr, M M; Houchins, W D; Ward, J M; Gould, M J; Aug 1996; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516907; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516907
An extensive Hazard Division (HD) 1.2 open-air testing program has been completed and is being reported on separately at this seminar. The results of both this program and a literature survey form the basis of a data base of HD 1.2 effects.
Currently, for quantity-distance purposes, HD 1.2 ammunition is treated differently than HD 1.1 items. The data base of HD
1.2 effects suggests that this difference is not appropriate. Based on this data base, proposed changes to the US quantity-distance criteria for HD 1.2 ammunition have been developed. This paper will describe those proposed changes. It will then compare the proposed change to the US criteria with both the current US and NATO/UK criteria.
DTIC
Ammunition; Hazards
20100016024 Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab., Hanover, NH USA
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic
Residues on Military Testing and Training Ranges
Hewitt, Alan D; Jenkins, Thomas F; Walsh, Marianne E; Bigl, Susan R; Brochu, Sylvie; Jun 2009; 146 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0628
Report No.(s): AD-A517341; ERDC/CRREL-TR-09-6; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Military maintains sustainability and environmental stewardship responsibilities for training ranges. One of the environmental challenges is to monitor the surface loading of energetic residues. Method 8330B, which was developed to assist in this task, recommends the use of a MULTI INCREMENT(registered trademark) sampling strategy and total sample processing prior to subsampling and analysis. This demonstration/validation project evaluated scientifically defensible sampling and sample-processing protocols used for the characterization of energetic residues on military training ranges. This project also specifically assessed the scientific uncertainty involved with the now-common practice of splitting a sample in the field and subsampling it prior to processing the entire laboratory sample. To address the cost aspect, this study then evaluated the cost benefits of coupling MULTI INCREMENT sampling methodology with recently developed sample handling and processing protocols designed to address the unique attributes of energetic residues. Consequently, the authors recommend that
MULTI INCREMENT sampling and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Method 8330B be used for future characterization activities on military training ranges.
DTIC
Education; Explosives; Land Management; Protocol (Computers); Rangelands; Residues; Sampling
20100016032 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA
Sediment Particle Characterization for Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content, Size and Shape Distributions in a
Shelly Sand/Mud Environment
Ivakin, Anatoliy N; Mar 31, 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0172
Report No.(s): AD-A517359; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Coarse particles in the sediment samples collected during the sediment acoustics experiment (SAX04) in shallow water
88
off Fort Walton Beach, Florida, were analyzed in the 0 to -5 phi sieve size range, at quarter-phi intervals. Conventional size frequency histograms were determined and compared with results obtained by others at the SAX04 site. In addition, the coarse content was analyzed separately for the two populations, quartz (sand) and carbonate (shell) particles, using independent measurements of total weight and number of particles in each size interval. With this approach, four size distributions were measured, instead of a single one as in traditional sieving techniques. This analysis resulted in a modified technique, which can be used to improve geoacoustic characterization of the sediment. A particle shape factor was introduced for a simple quantification of the difference between the sieve size and true size (equivalent spherical particle diameter). It is shown that shells and shell fragments have a shape factor significantly different from that for sand particles. The size distributions for the two populations are also shown to be different. Empirical relationships are established between the shape factor, sieve size, and true size, for both carbonate and quartz particle populations. Using these relationships, the true size distributions, required in acoustic applications, were determined by correction of traditional sieve size distributions. These corrections are based on replacement of the spherical shape assumption used in traditional techniques by the typical shape assumption, using the shape factors measured for the two populations. Finally, to test the corrected distributions, they were compared with those obtained using a new approach allowing estimation of the true size distributions without particle sieving and/or separating into size intervals (bins).
DTIC
Acoustics; Characterization; Coasts; Fragments; Mud; Sands; Sediments; Shapes; Sieves; Size Distribution
20100016057 NovaSol, Honolulu, HI USA
Hyperspectral Imager for Coastal Ocean (HICO)
Even, Detlev; Velasco, Arleen; Jan 2008; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-C-0165
Report No.(s): AD-A517439; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The long term goal of the Hyperspectral Imager for Coastal Ocean (HICO) program is to demonstrate the utility of maritime imaging for naval applications in the littoral ocean from a space borne platform. The coastal ocean is a dark target and visible light constitutes the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum that sufficiently penetrates the water column to sense the water and seafloor properties. Analysis has shown that maritime hyperspectral imaging is the only remote sensing technique that is able to deconvolve the complicated coastal scene (Lee and Carder, 2002). The spectral content of hyperspectral data can give information on the depth and characteristics of the seafloor and undersea objects. The Navy’s Sea
Strike mission requires precise knowledge and modeling of the littoral battlespace in denied areas of the globe. The emphasis on littoral tactics for precise amphibious assault, special forces insertion and mine warfare drive the need for improved capability. Space borne maritime hyperspectral imagery and its derived products such as bathymetry, bottom type, water clarity and beach traffic will be used to demonstrate the effectiveness of using hyperspectral data for characterizing the littoral battlefield. The HICO program will demonstrate the use of space borne hyperspectral methods to detect submerged objects, the retrieval of environmental data products of value to Naval forces, and the development of coupled physical and bio-optical models of coastal ocean sites globally.
DTIC
Coasts; Imagery; Oceans
20100016059 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
Dickey, T; Chang, G; Jan 2008; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0050
Report No.(s): AD-A517442; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
An overall goal of the UCSB OPL RaDyO project is to contribute to the understanding and prediction of variations in radiance distributions as they are affected by physical forcing and conditions of the surface boundary layer (SBL) and the upper ocean. The purpose of our proposed research is to obtain, analyze, and model time series and vertical profile data; specifically, inherent optical properties (IOPs) and physical variables in the SBL and the upper oceanic layer as forced by atmospheric conditions and affected by other environmental conditions.
DTIC
Boundary Layers; High Resolution; Oceans; Optical Properties; Radiance; Surface Layers; Time Series Analysis
89
20100016060 Wet Labs., Inc., Narragansett, RI USA
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and Inversion for RaDyO (Hi Fi RaDyO)
Twardowski, Michael; Zaneveld, Ron; Jan 2008; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-C-0027
Report No.(s): AD-A517443; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Time and space dependent radiance distributions at the sea surface are a function of the shape of the incident distribution on the surface, modification by the sea surface itself from topography and transmission characteristics, and alteration by the
Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs) of the surface ocean. The long term goal of the proposed work is understanding this last controlling factor. With a knowledge of the IOPs, radiance fields can be directly computed from the incident field using the equation of radiative transfer, now embedded in commercially available code (e.g., Hydrolight). With the state of current technology and methodologies, the primary obstacles in understanding subsurface IOPs and their high-frequency dynamics are a lack of 1) volume scattering instrumentation, 2) comprehensive inversion models linking the IOPs with the causative bubble, particulate, and dissolved matter in the water (which in many cases will require input dependent on 1), and 3) suitably stable, non-intrusive platforms to sample the subsurface ocean. The first two challenges are addressed in this project.
DTIC
Inversions; Oceans; Optical Properties; Radiance; Scattering; Vertical Orientation
20100016061 Maine Univ., Walpole, ME USA
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of Maine
Perry, Mary J; Townsend, David W; Jan 2008; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-04-1-0633
Report No.(s): AD-A517444; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Our overarching long-term goal is to understand what controls phytoplankton distribution, optical properties and production in the coastal ocean. Our project-specific goals were to understand the mechanisms responsible for the creation, maintenance and demise of subsurface phytoplankton layers in the Gulf of Maine and to determine the vertical distribution of toxigenic species of Alexandrium in the Gulf of Maine. The primary objectives of the past year’s work were: 1) to continue to analyze data from the 2005 and 2006 field programs in the Gulf of Maine to better understand how the subsurface distributions of phytoplankton and suspended particles are controlled by light, nitrate and density structure over a broad range of hydrographic conditions and to understand how distributions of toxigenic species of Alexandrium in the Gulf of Maine are related to the overall distribution of bulk phytoplankton and hydrographic properties and 2) to prepare results for publication.
DTIC
Gulfs; Optical Properties; Phenomenology; Phytoplankton; Protozoa; Toxicity
20100016084 Director, Operational Test and Evaluation, Washington, DC USA
Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed T&
Crisp, Michael D; Apr 2006; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517511; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Global War on Terror has forced a change in DoD, with a realization that we needed to figure out how systems play together and their contribution to mission outcome. To win the Global War on Terror, the consensus within DoD is to be joint--in warfighting, training and acquisition. This means that we must conceive joint capabilities, develop born joint material solutions and test as we fight in a realistic environment. The Testing in a Joint Environment Roadmap was approved by the
Deputy Secretary of Defense in November 2004, and set DoD on a course for joint experimentation, acquisition, training and testing. As a formal program of record, the Joint Mission Environment Test Capability (JMETC) is a netcentric enabler for conducting joint systems demonstrations across the experimention, engineering, testing and training domains.
DTIC
Evaluation; Military Operations; Plugs; System Effectiveness; Test Facilities
20100016113 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA
DoD’s Collaborative Approach to Developing Biometrics Standards
Woodward, Jr, John; Jun 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517603; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
DoD has a growing need to control access to its many assets both in times of war and in times of peace. Similarly, DoD organizations must always be ready to identify friend or foe. This requirement is heightened in the global war on terrorism,
90
where the enemy has demonstrated its ability to use sophisticated methods to exploit flaws in current identity management systems. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, reinforced the need for technologies that can enhance homeland security, force protection, and counterterrorism measures. Biometric technologies may seem exotic, but their use is becoming increasingly common. In 2001, MIT Technology Review named biometrics as one of the top ten emerging technologies that will change the world. DoD recognizes the fast-paced developments in biometric technology, and the great need for interoperability in DoD systems. Accordingly, DoD, through its Biometrics Management Office (BMO), has developed a collaborative approach for the development of DoD biometrics standards. This approach will enable DoD to guide biometrics standards development to ensure that the standards promote biometric technology’s interoperability and support for the joint warfighter. Compared with other, more established types of information technology, the commercial biometrics industry is still relatively new and evolving. The biometric industry has achieved successes in the growth of its capabilities, but from DoD’s perspective, industry’s efforts have sometimes resulted in competing, redundant, or proprietary-based capabilities.
DTIC
Biometrics; Security
20100016269 Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Test Resource Management Center), Washington, DC USA
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
Hinton, G. Derrick; October 2006; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516771; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Test and evaluation (T&E) assets -- instrumentation, hardware-in-the-loop facilities, processing software, simulations and more -- have been developed over the years to meet a wide variety of needs and requirements. Generally, each of these assets has been developed by using standard systems engineering processes in which requirements are analyzed, a design is created, hardware and software are manufactured and integrated, and the resulting asset is tested. Such a process results in superb, but limited, point solutions to recognized problems and does not usually result in a solution that might have applicability to more global T&E needs. The achievement of these higher-level goals requires a modification to the standard systems engineering process by creating an architecture as the central aspect of the requirements and design process. An architecture is a segmentation of a system (or system-of-systems) such that the primary pieces are identified and their purpose, function, interfaces, interrelatedness, and guidelines for their evolution over time are defined. Architectures put constraints on designers and developers. These constraints make possible the achievement of higher-level goals that would not automatically be achieved if developers worked independently. These higher-level goals are called the system’s driving requirements. A system may have hundreds or thousands of individual requirements; however, the driving requirements are those overarching requirements upon which the purpose of the system depends. Once these requirements are identified, it is a relatively straightforward process to segment the system and address these requirements. The architecture is then used as a starting point for a design to fulfill all of the numerous detailed requirements.
DTIC
Defense Program; Design Analysis; Evaluation; Requirements; System Effectiveness; Systems Engineering
32
COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
Includes radar; radio, wire, and optical communications; land and global communications; communications theory. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications,
Command and Tracking ; for search and rescue, see 03 Air Transportation and Safety ; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety .
20100014915 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
Spatial Multiplexing in Random Wireless Networks
Stamatiou, Kostas; Proakis, John G; Zeidler, James R; Jan 2009; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0224
Report No.(s): AD-A515877; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515877
We consider a network of transmitters, each with a receiver at a fixed distance, and locations drawn independently according to a homogeneous Poisson Point Process (PPP). The transmitters and the receivers are equipped with multiple antennas. Under a channel model that includes Rayleigh fading and path-loss, and an outage model for packet successes, we examine the performance of various spatial multiplexing techniques, namely zero-forcing (ZF), ZF with successive interference cancellation (ZFSIC or VBLAST) and DBLAST. In each case, we determine the number of streams that
91
maximizes the transmission capacity, defined as the maximum network throughput per unit area such that a constraint on the outage probability is satisfied. Numerical results showcase the benefit of DBLAST over ZF and VBLAST in terms of the transmission capacity. In all cases, the transmission capacity scales linearly in the number of antennas.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Multiplexing
20100014933 Intelligent Systems Technology, Inc., Santa Monica, CA USA
Human-agent Collaboration Ontology (HACON) (trademark): Implications for Designing Naturalistic C2 Decision
Systems
Madni, Azad M; Lin, Weiwen; Jan 2002; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515935; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515935
Presentation Overview: Human-agent collaboration, Human-agent collaboration in Command and Control,
Understanding Agents, Human-agent Collaboration Ontology, Ontology Applications, Naturalistic Decison-Making example,
Metrics, Reserch Program.
DTIC
Command and Control; Decision Making; Problem Solving
20100014966 George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA USA
Collaboration and Coalition Architectures
Handley, Holly A; Levis, Alexander H; Jan 2002; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-01-1-0538
Report No.(s): AD-A516035; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516035
When command centers from multiple organizations join together to form a coalition, different task assignment strategies can be used to determine what tasks each cooperating command center should participate in. As the composition of a coalition may change over time, i.e. new organizations may join after the initial coalition has been formed, and some organizations may leave before the mission is accomplished, the allocation of the coalition’s systems to mission tasks becomes an important aspect of the coalition, as it may change dynamically. The way in which tasks are assigned to the cooperating command centers creates different coalition architectures, which induce different levels of collaboration requirements among the cooperating command centers. The mission may be defined so that the tasks can be divided into geographic sectors with a responsible cooperating command center for each sector; this results in a divisional structure, which requires a low level of collaboration among the cooperating command centers. If the tasks are assigned based on each cooperating command center’s ability to perform the task, this results in a functional structure, which requires a higher level of collaboration among the cooperating command centers to complete the mission. Using an executable model of a coalition, based on the model of the five-stage interacting decision maker, simulations were conducted that compared different methods of assigning systems to tasks in a coalition operation. The model was populated with data from an operational scenario that has been created to provide a context for development of coalition decision support system tools. The effect of the different operational architectures, based on the task assignment strategy, is reflected in the levels of collaboration required among the cooperating command centers, and the timeliness and accuracy of the coalition performance.
DTIC
Command and Control; Decision Support Systems
20100015003 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
Adams, Dwight L; Newell, Clayton R; Jun 1988; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516139; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516139
Although it has been part of the Army’s doctrine since 1982, the concept that warfare has three broad levels -- military strategy, operational art, and tactics -- has yet to be fully understood. The material written to explain what operational art really means has become a minor cottage industry. Why then yet another article on the subject? Simply because there is not available a clear explanation of how the Army’s view of the three levels of war applies to the so-called real world. Preventing a repetition of the confusing and disjointed command relationships experienced in Vietnam requires clearly understandable joint
92
doctrine agreeable to all services. FM 100-5 has provided the foundation for that understanding and doctrine by clarifying to some extent the relationship among the levels of war. Now joint doctrine must specify how that relationship fits into the U.S.
unified command system. Combined doctrine that takes account of the three levels of war is also sorely needed. NATO’s integrated military command system, for example, has yet to secure approved combined doctrine for warfighting in Europe.
The Army has come a long way in developing its doctrine since first introducing the operational level of war in 1982. It is up to the joint and combined communities to develop the doctrine necessary to insure unambiguous command relationships at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels of war. This article offers some practical suggestions on how operational art can be useful in the USA’ unified command system.
DTIC
Command and Control; Military Operations; Strategy; Tactics
20100015190 Hitachi Ltd., Yokohama, Japan
Bandwidth-Efficient Multicast Routing for Multihop, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks
Ozaki, Tomochika; Kim, Jaime B; Suda, Tatsuya; Jan 2001; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCR-9628109; NCR-9714702
Report No.(s): AD-A516477; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, we propose and investigate a bandwidth-efficient multicast routing protocol for ad-hoc networks. The proposed protocol achieves low communication overhead, namely, it requires a small number of control packet transmissions for route setup and maintenance. The proposed protocol also achieves high multicast efficiency, namely, it delivers multicast packets to receivers with a small number of transmissions. In order to achieve low communication overhead and high multicast efficiency, the proposed protocol employs the following mechanisms: (1) on-demand invocation of the route setup and route recovery processes to avoid periodic transmissions of control packets, (2) a new route setup process that allows a newly joining node to find the nearest forwarding node to minimize the number of forwarding nodes, and (3) a route optimization process that detects and removes unnecessary forwarding nodes to eliminate redundant and inefficient routes. Our simulation results show that the proposed protocol achieves high multicast efficiency with low communication overhead compared with other existing multicast routing protocols, especially in the case where the number of receivers in a multicast group is large.
DTIC
Bandwidth; Communication Networks
20100015240 Madigan Army Medical Center, Takoma, WA USA
Standardization and Implementation of a Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical
Command
Wissemann, Michael W; Mar 2009; 68 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516594; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project examines the benefits of a standardized Emergency Code Call system for healthcare facilities of the Western
Region Medical Command (WRMC). It looks at the need for standardize or universal overhead calls in an emergent situation and what other agencies are doing, to include the American Hospital Association and Washington State Hospital Association, to mitigate the problem. A survey was done to gain the perceptions of the staff in WRMC and their response when they hear certain overhead pages. This project transitions to becoming part of the US Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) working group that was formed to standardize code calls across the Army Medical Department (AMEDD), with adoption of the same system by the US Air Force (USAF) and US Navy (USN). It scrutinizes the group dynamics and power distribution of team work within a working group that formulates policy. Finally, the study concludes with the way ahead and lessons learned.
DTIC
Command and Control; Emergencies; Hospitals; Spilling; Standardization
20100015242 Air Force (8th), Carswell AFB, TX USA
Global and Theater Operations Integration
Elder, Jr, Robert J; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516596; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Joint Functional Component Command for Global Strike and Integration (JFCC-GSI) plays a critical role in integrating U.S. Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) global capabilities into theater operations. JFCC-GSI provides our leadership with a unique ability to command and control global strike capabilities, as well as to build a plan rapidly to integrate all military capabilities and quickly bring them to bear on the battlefield. During previous conflicts, commanders worked hard
93
to deconflict, or synchronize timing of, effects on the battlefield to ensure safe passage of assets and efficient use of combat power. Now commanders need more. They need true integration of effects planning and execution, from situation identification, to early engagement shaping the environment, to rapid response and effects generation, to the long-term endurance that continues through conflict resolution and redeployment.
DTIC
Command and Control; Military Operations; Planning
20100015273 Connecticut Univ., Groton, CT USA
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
O’Donnell, James; Codiga, Dan; Edwards, Christopher; Ullman, David; Hebert, David; Rice, Joseph; Levine, Edward;
Steggman, Petra; Babb, Ivar; Jan 2002; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-1-1020
Report No.(s): AD-A516677; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT) experiment is designed to evaluate the feasibility of making useful coastal ocean forecasts with a coarse array of instruments that telemeter data in near-real time for use in an assimilative numerical model. Direct observations are used to evaluate the model predictions. The FRONT site is a portion of continental shelf south of the eastern end of Long Island, New York. Historical observations indicate that variable bathymetry and strong tides interact with energetic wind- and buoyancy-forced motions to produce recurring fronts. Our objective is to develop and test the observation system in this complex dynamical regime. Technical objectives include coordination and telemetry of real-time data streams from a combination of in situ instruments; the development of an assimilative model to provide operational forecasts; and the development of technology and procedures for acquisition of multi-scale observations to evaluate the model. Data telemetry and instrument control will be accomplished with an acoustic underwater communications network that interfaces with buoy-mounted cellular modems to connect the in situ instruments to the terrestrial internet. The network features multiple acoustic modems connected in a topology that can tolerate failure or loss of individual elements. Figure 1c shows the topology used in the spring of 2002. The data is assimilated using the generalized inverse method to compute non-tidal adjustments to the sea level at the open boundaries of the model domain.
These are then used, with wind and satellite-derived surface temperature observations to force the three dimensional, non-hydrostatic model known as MITgcm. The predictions of the model are evaluated by comparison to ship survey data.
DTIC
Acoustics; Communication; Communication Networks; Resolution; Sound Transmission; Telemetry
20100015421 Marine Corps Warfighting Lab., Quantico, VA USA
The Future Antiarmor Capabilities of the Ground Combat Element
Callahan, William H., Jr.; January 1, 1995; 24 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515314; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515314
The Ground Combat Element’s (GCE’s) Light Antitank Weapon (LAW) and Medium Antitank Weapon (MAW) capabilities are sufficient to counter the current and future armor threat. However, the GCE’s Heavy Antitank Weapon (HAW) capability is inadequate because of a lack of command and control (C2) within its organizational structure. Besides the current deficiencies in organizational structure, the absence of a research and development program create a dilemma for future HAW capability in the GCE of the Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF). Potential adversaries may be armed with an inventory of modern, highly lethal and sophisticated weapon systems, including a formidable tank threat reflecting U.S. and NATO technology. Future conflict anywhere on the spectrum will still have armor as the decisive force in ground combat. Free trade and open armor market competition have created a mix-and-match technology main battle tank with drastic improvements in survivability. Many countries have acquired these tanks in large quantities. In recent years, force reductions have caused the
Marine Corps to reduce C2 structure without considering the repercussions of the absence of this structure as it applies to readiness and employment. The GCE’s future LAW and current HAW structures provide excellent examples of this situation.
The cost of future technology forced the Marine Corps to take a bare bones approach to acquiring and fielding the GCE’s future antiarmor capability. For future conflicts, the GCE must have the capability to defeat large quantities of advanced technology main battle tanks with drastic improvements in survivability. At present, the Marine Corps cannot counter this threat with the C2, survivability, and lethality capabilities of its current HAW component. The author recommends consolidating TOW within the GCE, and developing the extended range Javelin, the Line-of-Sight Antitank (LOSAT) weapon, and the Non Line-of-Sight Antitank (NLOS) weapon with the Army
DTIC
Combat; Command and Control; Warfare
94
20100015462 Air Force Research Lab., Mesa, AZ USA
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
Ott, David; Breitbach, Richard A.; George, Gary R.; Brooks, Rebecca B.; Proceedings of the National Aerospace and
Electronics Conference; October 2000; Paper No. n-86, pp. 252 - 262; In English; IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics
Conference, 10 - 12 Oct. 2000, Dayton, OH, USA
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-97-D-5000; Proj-2743
Report No.(s): AD-A516025; AFRL-RH-AZ-PR-2000-0004; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516025
The USA Air Force (USAF) is evaluating the next generation ground-based Command and Control (C2) equipment. As part of that effort the 133d Air Control Squadron (ACS) Iowa Air National Guard (ANG) has been an active participant in the
Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99. The efforts of the ANG have included the development and testing of a prototype next generation C2 configuration, the Battle Control Center (BCC) and Remote Communications Cell (RCC) at
JEFX. This paper discusses the transition of the existing Modular Control Equipment (MCE) to the BCC, the JEFX experiment, lessons learned and further development of state-of-the-art C2 visualization systems. This paper focuses on the traditional MCE tasks that were performed in the BCC. Additional topics such as time critical targeting (TCT) and real-time imagery were also demonstrated at JEFX ‘99, but were not addressed in this paper due to the time and space constraints.
DTIC
Armed Forces (United States); Command and Control
20100015490 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an Intergovernmental Environment
(CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August 2006)
Murphy, Dennis M.; Kerr, Carol; August 2006; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515614; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The USA Army War College’s Center for Strategic Leadership, in conjunction with the National Guard Bureau and the
USA Army Reserve, conducted a symposium from 11-12 July 2006 entitled Improving the Military’s Domestic Crisis
Response - Leveraging the Reserves. Building on insights discovered through After Action Reviews of the military’s response to Hurricane Katrina, the forum examined areas critical to any future domestic response and identified and leveraged specifically applicable capabilities available throughout those components essential to domestic response. The event took place at the U.S. Army War College’s Center for Strategic Leadership, Carlisle Barracks Pennsylvania. The symposium brought together leaders from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) including the U.S. Coast Guard and the Federal
Emergency Management Administration (FEMA), the Department of Defense (DOD), USA Northern Command
(USNORTHCOM), the military service?s active and reserve components, and other homeland security stakeholders from both the public and civil sectors. The format of the symposium provided both plenary panel reports and breakout work groups that focused on specific strategic issues regarding Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA). One of those breakout groups specifically considered recommendations to best enable the military to more effectively and efficiently perform its mission in response to an Incident of National Significance (INS) as part of the national response and recovery efforts, and instill public confidence through Strategic Communication. This report reflects the consensus effort of that breakout group in addressing this challenging and important issue.
DTIC
Disasters; Leadership; Logistics Management; Communication
20100015536 California Univ., San Diego, CA USA
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
Bhorkar, A A; Naghshvar, M; Javidi, T; Rao, B D; Jan 2009; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0224; CNS-0533035
Report No.(s): AD-A515878; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515878
Abstract?In this paper, an adaptive opportunistic routing scheme for multi-hop wireless ad-hoc networks is proposed. The proposed scheme utilizes a reinforcement learning framework to achieve the optimal performance even in the absence of reliable knowledge about channel statistics and network model. This scheme is shown to be optimal with respect to an expected average per packet cost criterion. The proposed routing scheme jointly addresses the issues of learning and routing in an opportunistic context, where the network structure is characterized by the transmission success probabilities. In
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particular, this learning framework leads to a stochastic routing scheme which optimally explores and exploits the opportunities in the network.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Probability Theory
20100015575 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
Bentley, Elizabeth S.; Matyjas, John D.; Medley, Michael J.; Kondi, Lisimachos P; January 2009; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ANCL
Report No.(s): AD-A516577; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We propose an approach to manage network resources for a Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CSMA) visual sensor network where nodes monitor scenes with varying levels of motion. It uses cross-layer optimization across the physical layer, the link layer and the application layer. Our technique simultaneously assigns a source coding rate, a channel coding rate, and a power level to all nodes in the network based on one of two criteria that maximize the quality of video of the entire network as a whole, subject to a constraint on the total chip rate. One criterion results in the minimal average end-to-end distortion amongst all nodes, while the other criterion minimizes the maximum distortion of the network. Our approach allows one to determine the capacity of the visual sensor network based on the number of nodes and the quality of video that must be transmitted. For bandwidth limited applications, one can also determine the minimum bandwidth needed to accommodate a number of nodes with a specific target chip rate.
DTIC
Command and Control; Communication Networks; Multimedia; Radiotelephones; Resource Allocation; Visual Perception
20100015577 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA; University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Venkataraman, Mukundan; Chatterjee, Mainak; Kwiat, Kevin; November 2009; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4519
Report No.(s): AD-A516576; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Numerous routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks, each of which is highly optimized for a certain class of traffic, like real time, reliable sense and disseminate network reprogramming, energy efficiency and so on.
However, a typical deployment demands an arbitrary communication pattern that generates multiple traffic types simultaneously. Arguably, no single routing protocol can completely cater to a deployment’s various flavors. In this paper, a dynamic routing framework is proposed that can replace the traditional routing layer with a collection of routing decisions.
Application packets carry a two-bit preamble that uniquely describes the nature of communication sought for. The framework dynamically wires the appropriate routing component from a set of well-defined suite.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Radiotelephones; Telecommunication
20100015580 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
Interference Aware Spectrum Allocation in IEEE 802.22 Wireless Mesh Networks
Sengupta, Shamik; Chatterjee, Mainak; Kwiat, Kevin; November 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4519
Report No.(s): AD-A516571; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research studies the current IEEE 802.22 system architecture and investigates the limitations in creating wireless back-haul mesh networks due to its lack of knowledge about the spectrum bands to be used. In this regard, a coordinated distributed scheme for IEEE 802.22 enabled devices to is proposed establish a mesh network with reduced interference. The coordination is initiated by the base station and is followed by the iterative joining of the IEEE 802.22 consumer premise equipment to the mesh network in a distributed manner. A graph coloring approach is taken, and an algorithm called Maximum
Utility Graph Coloring (MUGC) is proposed to allocate spectrum to the mesh network, enabling higher spectrum utilization and reduced collisions. Two objective functions are explored: maximize utility and proportional fair utility to allocate spectrum efficiently.
DTIC
Radio Frequency Interference; Radiotelephones; Spectra
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20100015616 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA
Future Directions in Space IT
Lamarra, Norm, et al.; July 16, 2003; 10 pp.; In English; Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology, 13-16 Jul.
2003, Pasadena, CA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41500
This slide presentation addresses three areas of interest in space and ground information technology domains for NASA
(i.e., Deep Space Exploration, National Security and air transportation. It reviews the concept of System Wide Information
Management (SWIM) and defines the interest that NASA has in the development of the SWIM concept.
CASI
Information Management; Information Systems; Telecommunication; Communication Satellites
20100015635 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase Fluctuations for Deep Space
Communications
Nessel, James A.; Acosta, Robert J.; March 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 439432.04.04.07
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216241; E-17228; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015635
Widely distributed (sparse) ground-based arrays have been utilized for decades in the radio science community for imaging celestial objects, but have only recently become an option for deep space communications applications with the advent of the proposed Next Generation Deep Space Network (DSN) array. But whereas in astronomical imaging, observations (receive-mode only) are made on the order of minutes to hours and atmospheric-induced aberrations can be mostly corrected for in post-processing, communications applications require transmit capabilities and real-time corrections over time scales as short as fractions of a second. This presents an unavoidable problem with the use of sparse arrays for deep space communications at Ka-band which has yet to be successfully resolved, particularly for uplink arraying. In this paper, an analysis of the performance of a sparse antenna array, in terms of its directivity, is performed to derive a closed form solution to the expected array loss in the presence of atmospheric-induced phase fluctuations. The theoretical derivation for array directivity degradation is validated with interferometric measurements for a two-element array taken at Goldstone,
California. With the validity of the model established, an arbitrary 27-element array geometry is defined at Goldstone,
California, to ascertain its performance in the presence of phase fluctuations. It is concluded that a combination of compact array geometry and atmospheric compensation is necessary to ensure high levels of availability.
Author
Antenna Arrays; Deep Space Network; Celestial Bodies; Atmospheric Turbulence; Directivity; Space Communication;
Uplinking
20100015835 National Information and Communications Technology, Canberra, Australia
Measuring and Ensuring Performance and Information Quality in Multi-Agent Sensor Network Systems
Anderson, Brian; Mar 4, 2010; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4136
Report No.(s): AD-A516836; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516836
The subject matter of the grant was robust behavior of sensor networks. The questions to be addressed included: given a sensor network, to characterize its ability to retain a discrete-valued property in the event of loss of p nodes and q communication links; determine where a further communication link or sensor should be introduced to achieve the best improvement; and address solvability under the constraint that any sensor can communicate with only a limited number of its neighbors. Research results included (1) how sensor networks retain localizability property in the event of loss of p nodes and q communication links, and; (2) characterization of giant component in large scale random networks.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Detectors
97
20100015929 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Cnth\nthXYZ, TACS, and Air Battle Management: The Search for Operational Doctrine
Liepman, Jr, James M; Jan 1999; 16 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517232; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517232
The Air Force recently changed my command and control operations career field to air battle management. What does it mean to manage an air battle? Does air battle management describe a product, a process, an organizational structure, some combination of each, or something entirely different? As the prospective commander of the schoolhouse that trains air battle managers, I had the harrowing thought that some second lieutenant might, with all sincerity, ask me, I still don’t understand, sir. What do we do? At the tactical level, my answer would be straightforward -- largely junior officer tasks. However, most air battle managers support the joint force air component commander (JFACC) at the operational level of air warfare, where things can be much more murky. Air battle managers work at the interface of the tactical and operational levels of war where the JFACC’s intent is translated through tactical action into results that achieve the joint force commander’s (JFC) objectives.
Specifically, the air battle manager does the following: (1) plans implementation of the JFACC’s intent as a part of the commander’s estimate of the situation planning process; (2) directs air tasking order execution and makes changes during the air battle through real-time decisions to adapt air function execution to the changing air battle situation; and (3) controls execution of combat operations as an operational-level extension of the JFACC’s authority to ensure the tactical action results achieve the joint force commander’s theater objectives. The air battle manager accomplishes these operational tasks through the capabilities of intelligence, communications, surveillance, reconnaissance, and logistics systems, and manages those parts of the TACCS architecture assigned to his or her responsibility.
DTIC
Command and Control; Military Operations; Warfare
33
ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Includes development, performance, and maintainability of electrical/electronic devices and components; related test equipment; and microelectronics and integrated circuitry. for related information see also 60 Computer Operations and Hardware ; and 76 Solid-State
Physics . For communications equipment and devices see 32 Communications and Radar .
20100014939 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Bhattacharya, Pallah; Aug 31, 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0510
Report No.(s): AD-A515952; UM-053321; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515952
The most significant accomplishments in this project are: (a) the demonstration of optically pumped silicon based light emitters utilizing colloidal PbSe QD which are inserted in PC microcavities for efficient coupling. Enhancements of spontaneous emission with a linewidth of-2.0 run, corresponding to a cavity Q factor of 775, is observed at 1550 nm at room temperature; (b) an electrically injected silicon based light source using PbSe QDs, which are more compact and versatile.
With a current density of 113 mA/cm2, a resonance at X=1669 nm having a linewidth of 4nm is observed, which corresponds to a cavity Q factor of-420. This nanoscale light source based on silicon, which is capable of being fabricated on CMOS chips, is of interest as a practical technology for optical interconnects in silicon photonics; (c) the demonstration of possibility of surface Plasmon enabled nanolaser with round-trip gain in the sense that the transmission in the waveguide increases as the pumping power increases.
DTIC
Colloids; Current Density; Doped Crystals; Erbium; Lasers; Light Sources; Photonics; Plasmons; Q Factors; Quantum Dots;
Silicon
20100015019 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4 Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Taheri, Mitra; Carpenter, E E; Cestone, V; Miller, M M; Raphael, M P; McHenry, M E; Harris, V G; May 15, 2002; 4 pp.;
In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516251; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516251
Zn-ferrite films, Zn(x)Fe(3-x)O(4) where the Zn:Fe ratio ranges from 0.36 to 0.76, were grown on glass substrates using
98
a spin spray technique. Films are shown using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to be dense and granular with an average grain size 0.3 microns. X-ray diffraction indicates that the films are a Fd3m symmetry consistent with a pure spinel ferrite phase. The films’ coercive fields have a strong positive correlation with the film roughness indicating the dominance of a physical domain wall pinning mechanism. The films are smooth and magnetically soft near the ZnFe(2)O(4) stoichiometry. All films, including those near the ZnFe(2)O(4) stoichiometry, display ferrimagnetic behavior with compensation temperatures well above the bulk Neel temperature of 9.5 K; this is attributed to the cation disorder measured in the Zn cation distribution.
DTIC
Deposition; Magnetic Properties; Sprayers
20100015039 Weidlinger Associates, Los Altos, CA USA
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
Wojcik, Greg; Mould, John; Reynolds, Paul; Richards, Roger; Apr 13, 2000; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516349; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516349
No abstract available
Acoustic Properties; Displacement; Genetics; Models; Transducers; Transferring; Vibration
20100015045 Hannam Univ., Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics: Translating Fundamental Nanostructure Research to Enhanced Solar
Conversion Efficiency
Lee, Kwang-Sup; Cartwright, Alex N; Prasad, Paras N; He, Sailing; Mar 18, 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2387-08-1-4086
Report No.(s): AD-A516366; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516366
This is the report of a study on organic and polymeric photovoltaic cells for enhancing power conversion efficiency through increased charge carrier mobility and efficient harvesting of longer wavelengths of the solar spectrum.
DTIC
Energy Conversion Effıciency; Nanostructure (Characteristics); Nanostructures (Devices); Photovoltaic Cells
20100015162 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
Liu, David; Sampson, Michael J.; March 15, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Capacitors and Resistors Technology Symposium
(CARTS) Conference, 15-18 Mar. 2010, New Orleans, LA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015162
Polymer aluminum capacitors from several manufacturers with various combinations of capacitance, rated voltage, and
ESR values were physically examined and electrically characterized. The physical construction analysis of the capacitors revealed three different capacitor structures, i.e., traditional wound, stacked, and laminated. Electrical characterization results of polymer aluminum capacitors are reported for frequency-domain dielectric response at various temperatures, surge breakdown voltage, and other dielectric properties. The structure-property relations in polymer aluminum capacitors are discussed.
Author
Aluminum; Capacitors; Dielectric Properties; Electric Potential; Polymers; Capacitance; Dielectrics
20100015204 South Carolina Univ., Columbia, SC USA
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Yu, Lingyu; Giurgiutiu, Victor; Pollock, Patrick; Jan 2008; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF-CMS-0408578
Report No.(s): AD-A516504; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
As an emerging technology for in-situ damage detection and nondestructive evaluation, structural health monitoring with active sensors (active SHM) plays as a promising candidate for the pipeline inspection and diagnosis. Piezoelectric wafer
99
active sensor (PWAS), as an active sensing device, can be permanently attached to the structure to interrogate it at will and can operate in propagating wave mode or electromechanical impedance mode. Its small size and low cost (about $10 each) make itself a potential and unique technology for in-situ SHM application. The objective of the research in this paper is to develop a permanently installed in-situ multi-mode sensing system for the corrosion monitoring and prediction of critical pipeline systems. Such a system is used during in-service period, recording and monitoring the changes of the pipelines over time, such as corrosion, wall thickness, etc. Having the real-time data available, maintenance strategies based on these data can then be developed to ensure a safe and less expensive operation of the pipeline systems. After a detailed review of PWAS
SHM methods, including ultrasonic, impedance, and thickness measurement, we introduce the concept of PWAS-based multi-mode sensing approach for corrosion detection in pipelines. Particularly, we investigate the potential for using PWAS waves for in thickness mode experimentally. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the corrosion detection ability of the
PWAS network in both metallic plate and pipe in a laboratory setting. Results show successful corrosion localization in both tests.
DTIC
Corrosion; Detection; Piezoelectricity; Wafers
20100015207 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Huffmire, Ted; Brotherton, Brett; Sherwood, Timothy; Kastner, Ryan; Levin, Timothy; Nguyen, Thuy D; Irvine, Cynthia; Jan
2008; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): CNS-0524771; CCF-0448654
Report No.(s): AD-A516512; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
FPGAs combine the programmability of processors with the performance of custom hardware. As they become more common in critical embedded systems, new techniques are necessary to manage security in FPGA designs. This article discusses FPGA security problems and current research on reconfigurable devices and security, and presents security primitives and a component architecture for building highly secure systems on FPGAs. Because FPGAs can provide a useful balance between performance, rapid time to market, and flexibility, they have become the primary source of computation in many critical embedded systems. The aerospace industry, for example, relies on FPGAs to control everything from the Joint
Strike Fighter to the Mars Rover. Face recognition systems, wireless networks, intrusion detection systems, and supercomputers, all of which are employed in large security applications, also use FPGAs. In fact, in 2005 alone, an estimated
80,000 different commercial FPGA design projects began.
DTIC
Field-Programmable Gate Arrays; Security; Systems Management
20100015244 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, San Diego, CA USA
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
Lu, R P; Ramirez, A D; Offord, B W; Russell, S D; Mar 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516598; SSCP-TR-1990; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report presents a localized method for tuning the threshold voltages (Vt) of multilayer metal-gate MOSFET devices with a spatial area theoretically limited by the wavelength of the laser beam. This technique allows an independent means to tailor threshold voltage on a device-to-device basis that provides greater design flexibility. This maskless technique allows tailoring of thresholds by tuning the work function of the gate by intermixing titanium and titanium nitride using a laser pulse.
The source and drains of the MOSFET are simultaneously annealed by the laser.
DTIC
Electric Potential; Excimer Lasers; Field Effect Transistors; Pulsed Lasers; Semiconductors (Materials); Threshold Voltage;
Tuning
20100015297 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection System (IVDS)
Wick, Charles H; McCubbin, Patrick E; Mar 2010; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516725; ECBC-TR-749; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Malvern Nano ZS particle size and zeta potential equipment was tested for particle size accuracy and compared to
100
the Integrated Virus Detection System. Polystyrene latex standard reference materials were used in this comparison. The materials tested were all in the sub-micron particle size region.
DTIC
Brownian Movements; Detection; Detectors; Light Scattering; Systems Integration; Viruses
20100015302 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Cohen, L S; Light, A; Jan 2007; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516759; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
For many years the electric utility companies have employed power lines to transmit signals in the tens of kHz range for the control of switches and relays on electric power transmission systems. The electric utility companies and internet providers have become interested in employing existing power lines for providing residential and commercial internet access, using frequencies from 1.6 to 30 MHz to attain data rates of 1 or more Mbits/s. Initially intended to provide high-speed internet service to consumers in rural areas, Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) is of great interest to service providers as power lines reach virtually every home and community in the country. A major concern with BPL is that the data signals impressed upon power transmission lines can emit disruptive electromagnetic interference (EMI) to communications and high frequency (HF) radar receivers residing in the 2-30 MHz band. The NRL Radar Division and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center
(SPAWAR) Charleston were tasked by the Naval Sea Systems Command to determine what changes in the ambient background noise levels might result from a BPL installation.
DTIC
Ambience; Broadband; Electric Power Transmission; Electromagnetic Interference; Fiber Optics; Internets; Noise (Sound);
Power Lines; Spectra; Transmission Lines
20100015417 Caterpillar, Inc., Peoria, IL, USA
Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies
Boucher, C.; Sep. 30, 2009; 51 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-07NT43277
Report No.(s): DE2009-963895; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
High-level objective of this project is to develop nanoparticle based additive technology to improve friction and wear characteristics of engine oil with a long-term focus to enhance durability and efficiency of engines. The project encompasses a detailed investigation of various chemicals that favors stable boundary film formation and therefore reduce friction and wear of engine components. These active chemicals designed as nanomaterials will be surface-stabilized to gain maximum dispersion stability in a lubricant media. This effort shall be focused with the following objectives in mind: develop active nanoparticle composite, optimize process design, detailed tribological testing and surface characterization, physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials, and limited component level testing to document friction and wear improvements.
Additional motivation is to minimize sulfur/phosphorous contents and lower ash forming components in additives and therefore improve aftertreatment functioning and emission. This effort shall be focused, over a two year funding period:
Phase-I will be primarily a feasibility study, which includes selection of components for active nanoparticles, design and formulation, and synthesis of the active nanoparticles, optimize process design, physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials, tribological testing and document friction and wear improvements. As a continuous effort of the Phase-I,
Phase-II will focus on the optimization of the identified nanoparticle-based additives specifically for DOE strategic goal minimizing S and P contents in additives and lowering ash-forming components.
NTIS
Electric Motor Vehicles; Energy Storage
20100015437 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM, USA
Development of a Novel Technique to Assess the Vulnerability of Micro-Mechnical System Components to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Enos, D. G.; Goods, S. H.; Nov. 2006; 34 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966589; SAND2006-7573; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) will play an important functional role in future DOE weapon and Homeland
Security applications. If these emerging technologies are to be applied successfully, it is imperative that the long-term
101
degradation of the materials of construction be understood. Unlike electrical devices, MEMS devices have a mechanical aspect to their function. Some components (e.g., springs) will be subjected to stresses beyond whatever residual stresses exist from fabrication. These stresses, combined with possible abnormal exposure environments (e.g., humidity, contamination), introduce a vulnerability to environmentally assisted cracking (EAC). EAC is manifested as the nucleation and propagation of a stable crack at mechanical loads/stresses far below what would be expected based solely upon the materials mechanical properties. If not addressed, EAC can lead to sudden, catastrophic failure. Considering the materials of construction and the very small feature size, EAC represents a high-risk environmentally induced degradation mode for MEMS devices. Currently, the lack of applicable characterization techniques is preventing the needed vulnerability assessment. The objective of this work is to address this deficiency by developing techniques to detect and quantify EAC in MEMS materials and structures. Such techniques will allow real-time detection of crack initiation and propagation. The information gained will establish the appropriate combinations of environment (defining packaging requirements), local stress levels, and metallurgical factors
(composition, grain size and orientation) that must be achieved to prevent EAC.
NTIS
Cracking (Fracturing); Microelectromechanical Systems; Reliability; Vulnerability
20100015474 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
Anderson, Joel R.; March 2010; 70 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516005; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516005
An instrument for monocular passive ranging based on atmospheric oxygen absorption near 762 nm has been designed, built and deployed to track emissive targets, including the plumes from jet engines or rockets. An intensified CCD array is coupled to variable band pass liquid crystal display filter and 3.5-8.8 degree field of view optics to observe the target. By recording sequential images at 7 Hz in three 6 nm width bands, the transmittance of the R-branch of the O2 (X-b) (0,0) band is determined. A metric curve for determining range from transmittance is developed using the HITRAN spectral database.
A low cost system was designed and ground tested at ranges of 50 -380 m using halogen and incandescent light sources, establishing an average range error of 12%. The system was first deployed for a ground test viewing an F-16 in afterburner at ranges of 0.35-4.8 km, establishing a range error of 15% despite the presence of optical turbulence and a structured source spectrum. Finally, the instrument was flight tested in a C-12 imaging an F-16 in afterburner at ranges up to 11 km. The target was manually tracked, and pointing jitter limited image interpretation. A study of range error as a function of signal-to-noise ratio produced superior results to previous methods using Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. However, increased signal relative to background scatter will be required for accurate ranging for these tactical air-to-air scenarios. The promise for improved instrument performance is discussed.
DTIC
Bandpass Filters; Optical Properties; Pilots; Rangefinding; Schools
20100015560 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA USA
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Wolf, S A; Awschalom, D D; Buhrman, R A; Daughton, J M; Molnar, S von; Roukes, M L; Chtchelkanova, A Y; Treger, D
M; Nov 2001; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516289; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516289
This review describes a new paradigm of electronics based on the spin degree of freedom of the electron. Either adding the spin degree of freedom to conventional charge-based electronic devices or using the spin alone has the potential advantages of nonvolatility, increased data processing speed, decreased electric power consumption, and increased integration densities compared with conventional semiconductor devices. To successfully incorporate spins into existing semiconductor technology, one has to resolve technical issues such as efficient injection, transport, control and manipulation, and detection of spin polarization as well as spin-polarized currents. Recent advances in new materials engineering hold the promise of realizing spintronic devices in the near future. We review the current state of the spin-based devices, efforts in new materials fabrication, issues in spin transport, and optical spin manipulation.
DTIC
Spin; Spin Dynamics; Electronics; Charge Coupled Devices
102
20100015578 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Progress on Component Evaluation for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Hart, Darren; Merchant, B. John; Harris, J. Mark; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): AD-A516573; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Research and Development (GNEM R&D) program at Sandia National
Laboratories (SNL) is regarded as the primary center for unbiased expertise in testing and evaluation of geophysical sensors and instrumentation for nuclear explosion monitoring. We had four main areas of interest to make progress on this year; this report will cover the advances made in these areas. First is the continued development and research of the three-component coherence technique of Sleeman et al. (2006). We have reverted back to synthetic testing to develop a firm understanding of the arithmetic limitations in processing to recover small value estimates of noise relative to large input signals. We explored the effects of digital quantization of the analog signal, as well as the limitations of the technique in the presence of high signal-to-noise input signals. The second area of interest is the upgrade of our suite of software used to analyze sensors and digitizer data (e.g., to calculate noise floor, time-tag accuracy). This past year has allowed us time to develop the new data model and relevant meta-architecture, proto-type existing algorithms in MATLAB with validation against existing tool sets, and develop sets of reusable modules (e.g., waveform editing tools and test description). Our third area of concentration over the past year focused on testing new components for both Provisional Technical Secretariat and the Air Force Technical
Applications Center (AFTAC). Characterization reports were produced for two infrasound sensors, Chaparral Physics model
2.5 low-gain and the Inter-Mountain Labs model SS avalanche sensor as well as one data logger, Geotech Smart24. For the infrasound sensors tested, the test results allow us to conclude that both sensors had sufficiently quiet noise floor to be at or below the Acoustic low-noise model from 0.1 to 7 Hz, which make these sensors suitable to explosion monitoring.
DTIC
Detectors; Infrasonic Frequencies; Nuclear Explosions
20100015598 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA
Hybrid Log Spiral With Loop Antenna
Tesny, Neal; Litz, Marc; March 2010; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516683; ARL-TR-5106; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We fabricated a hybrid antenna that consists of a logarithmic spiral and loop antenna. The antenna was designed to detect electromagnetic (EM) noise and be broadband in the range of 1 MHz to 1 GHz. This style of antenna can be located in buildings and passageways in inaccessible areas for the purpose of shielding integrity surveillance and life cycle shielding degradation monitoring, and can be used as permanent fixtures that detect critical threshold levels of unwanted EM radiation.
The antenna structures were modeled with the FEKO EM numerical code and were also experimentally characterized in the laboratory. The measurements compare well with the predictions from the modeling. This report presents the detailed results of the design, and the FEKO analysis and the measured results.
DTIC
Loop Antennas; Spiral Antennas
20100015605 Florida Atlantic Univ., Boca Raton, FL USA
Single sensor processing to obtain high resolution color component signals
Glenn, William E., Inventor; March 30, 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC8-272
Patent Info.: Filed March 7, 2005; US-Patent-7,688,362; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/074,305; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015605
A method for generating color video signals representative of color images of a scene includes the following steps: focusing light from the scene on an electronic image sensor via a filter having a tri-color filter pattern; producing, from outputs of the sensor, first and second relatively low resolution luminance signals; producing, from outputs of the sensor, a relatively high resolution luminance signal; producing, from a ratio of the relatively high resolution luminance signal to the first relatively low resolution luminance signal, a high band luminance component signal; producing, from outputs of the sensor, relatively low resolution color component signals; and combining each of the relatively low resolution color component signals with the high band luminance component signal to obtain relatively high resolution color component signals.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Color Television; High Resolution; Video Signals; Luminance
103
20100015620 NASA, Washington, DC USA
N channel JFET based digital logic gate structure
Krasowski, Michael J., Inventor; March 30, 2010; 14 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed April 21, 2008; US-Patent-7,688,117; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/081,762; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015620
A circuit topography is presented which is used to create usable digital logic gates using N (negatively doped) channel
Junction Field Effect Transistors (JFETs) and load resistors, level shifting resistors, and supply rails whose values are based on the direct current (DC) parametric distributions of those JFETs. This method has direct application to the current state of the art in high temperature, for example 300.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. and higher, silicon carbide (SiC) device production.
The ability to produce inverting and combinatorial logic enables the production of pulse and edge triggered latches. This scale of logic synthesis would bring digital logic and state machine capabilities to devices operating in extremely hot environments, such as the surface of Venus, near hydrothermal vents, within nuclear reactors (SiC is inherently radiation hardened), and within internal combustion engines. The basic logic gate can be configured as a driver for oscillator circuits allowing for time bases and simple digitizers for resistive or reactive sensors. The basic structure of this innovation, the inverter, can be reconfigured into various analog circuit topographies through the use of feedback structures.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Gates (Circuits); High Temperature; JFET
20100015621 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne detector system
Siegel, Peter H., Inventor; Dengler, Robert, Inventor; Mueller, Eric R., Inventor; March 30, 2010; 15 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed June 20, 2008; US-Patent-7,687,773; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/214,760; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015621
The present invention relates to sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne imaging systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to a sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne detector system for imaging the magnitude and phase of transmitted power through or reflected power off of mechanically scanned samples at sub-millimeter wave frequencies.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Frequencies; Heterodyning; Imaging Techniques
20100015643 Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical Univ., Normal, AL USA
Efficient thermoelectric device
Ila, Daryush, Inventor; March 30, 2010; 21 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG8-1933
Patent Info.: Filed April 9, 2007; US-Patent-7,687,705; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/784,729; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015643
A high efficiency thermo electric device comprising a multi nanolayer structure of alternating insulator and insulator/metal material that is irradiated across the plane of the layer structure with ionizing radiation. The ionizing radiation produces nanocrystals in the layered structure that increase the electrical conductivity and decrease the thermal conductivity thereby increasing the thermoelectric figure of merit. Figures of merit as high as 2.5 have been achieved using layers of co-deposited gold and silicon dioxide interspersed with layers of silicon dioxide. The gold to silicon dioxide ratio was 0.04. 5 MeV silicon ions were used to irradiate the structure. Other metals and insulators may be substituted. Other ionizing radiation sources may be used. The structure tolerates a wide range of metal to insulator ratio.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Thermoelectricity; Electrical Resistivity; Insulators; Thermal Conductivity; Nanocrystals; Irradiation; Metals
20100015683 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids Washing
Baldwin, D. L.; Toth, J. J.; Hanson, B.; Kurath, D. E.; Schonewill, P. P.; August 14, 2009; 136 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-963840; PNNL-18499; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has been tasked by Bechtel National Inc. (BNI) on the River Protection
104
Project-Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (RPP-WTP) project to perform research and development activities to resolve technical issues identified for the Pretreatment Facility (PTF). The Pretreatment Engineering Platform
(PEP) was designed, constructed, and operated as part of a plan to respond to issue M12, Undemonstrated Leaching Processes.
The PEP is a 1/4.5-scale test platform designed to simulate the WTP pretreatment caustic leaching, oxidative leaching, ultrafiltration solids concentration, and slurry washing processes. The PEP replicates the WTP leaching processes using prototypic equipment and control strategies. Two operating scenarios were evaluated for the ultrafiltration process (UFP) and leaching operations.
NTIS
Radioactive Wastes; Solids; Washing
20100015685 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Spoerke, Erik D.; Orendorff, Chris; Bunker, Bruce C.; Bachand, George D.; Hendricks, Judy K.; Matzke, Carolyn; January
2007; 22 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966594; SAND2006-7853; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Microtubules and motor proteins are protein-based biological agents that work cooperatively to facilitate the organization and transport of nanomaterials within living organisms. This report describes the application of these biological agents as tools in a novel, interdisciplinary scheme for assembling integrated nanostructures. Specifically, selective chemistries were used to direct the favorable adsorption of active motor proteins onto lithographically-defined gold electrodes. Taking advantage of the specific affinity these motor proteins have for microtubules, the motor proteins were used to capture polymerized microtubules out of suspension to form dense patterns of microtubules and microtubule bridges between gold electrodes. These microtubules were then used as biofunctionalized templates to direct the organization of functionalized nanocargo including single-walled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles. This biologically-mediated scheme for nanomaterials assembly has shown excellent promise as a foundation for developing new biohybrid approaches to nanoscale manufacturing.
NTIS
Electrodes; Gold; Manufacturing; Nanostructures (Devices)
20100015703 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Packaging Concerns and Techniques for Large Devices: Challenges for Complex Electronics
LaBel, Kenneth A.; Sampson, Michael J.; February 09, 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Components for Military and Space
Electronics (CMSE), 8-11 Feb. 2010, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015703
NASA is going to have to accept the use of non-hermetic packages for complex devices. There are a large number of packaging options available. Space application subjects the packages to stresses that they were probably not designed for
(vacuum for instance). NASA has to find a way of having assurance in the integrity of the packages. There are manufacturers interested in qualifying non-hermetic packages to MIL-PRF-38535 Class V. Government space users are agreed that Class V should be for hermetic packages only. NASA is working on a new Class for non-hermetic packages for M38535 Appendix
B, ‘Class Y’. Testing for package integrity will be required but can be package specific as described by a Package Integrity
Test Plan. The plan is developed by the manufacturer and approved by DSCC and government space.
Author
Hermetic Seals; Packaging; Vacuum
20100015713 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
Swager, Timothy M., Inventor; Bouffard, Jean, Inventor; March 2, 2010; 27 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS2-02056
Patent Info.: Filed January 20, 2006; US-Patent-7,671,166; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/336,417; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015713
The present invention provides materials, devices, and methods involving new heterocyclic, shape-persistent monomeric units with internal free volume. In some cases, materials the present invention may comprise monomers, oligomers, or
105
polymers that incorporate a heterocyclic, shape-persistent iptycene. The present invention may provide materials having low dielectric constants and improved stability at high operating temperatures due to the electron-poor character of materials. In addition, compositions of the invention may be easily synthesized and readily modified to suit a particular application.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Oligomers; Monomers; Heterocyclic Compounds; Shapes; High Temperature; Dielectrics
20100015721 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system
Thomsen, Donald L., Inventor; January 19, 2010; 5 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed August 18, 2006; US-Patent-7,649,439; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/465,503; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015721
A flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system is provided. A self-metallized polymeric film has a polymeric film region and a metal surface disposed thereon. A layer of electrically-conductive metal is deposited directly onto the self-metallized polymeric film’s metal surface. Coupled to at least one of the metal surface and the layer of electrically-conductive metal is a device/system for measuring an electrical characteristic associated therewith as an indication of temperature.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electrical Resistivity; Detection; Metal Films; Thin Films
20100015726 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Reprogrammable field programmable gate array with integrated system for mitigating effects of single event upsets
Ng, Tak-kwong, Inventor; Herath, Jeffrey A., Inventor; January 12, 2010; 6 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed September 27, 2006; US-Patent-7,647,543; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/535,574; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015726
An integrated system mitigates the effects of a single event upset (SEU) on a reprogrammable field programmable gate array (RFPGA). The system includes (i) a RFPGA having an internal configuration memory, and (ii) a memory for storing a configuration associated with the RFPGA. Logic circuitry programmed into the RFPGA and coupled to the memory reloads a portion of the configuration from the memory into the RFPGA’s internal configuration memory at predetermined times.
Additional SEU mitigation can be provided by logic circuitry on the RFPGA that monitors and maintains synchronized operation of the RFPGA’s digital clock managers.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Field-Programmable Gate Arrays; Single Event Upsets
20100015727 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Cross-differential amplifier
Hajimiri, Seyed-Ali, Inventor; Kee, Scott D., Inventor; Aoki, Ichiro, Inventor; January 12, 2010; 14 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed March 10, 2008; US-Patent-7,646,249; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/075,194; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015727
A cross-differential amplifier is provided. The cross-differential amplifier includes an inductor connected to a direct current power source at a first terminal. A first and second switch, such as transistors, are connected to the inductor at a second terminal. A first and second amplifier are connected at their supply terminals to the first and second switch. The first and second switches are operated to commutate the inductor between the amplifiers so as to provide an amplified signal while limiting the ripple voltage on the inductor and thus limiting the maximum voltage imposed across the amplifiers and switches.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Differential Amplifiers; Inductors; Switches
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20100015742 Agiltron, Inc., Winchester, MA USA
Three-Axis Seismometer
Yin, Luzhong; Erdtmann, Matthew; Domash, Larry; Zhao, Jing; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FG02-08ER85084
Report No.(s): AD-A516360; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516360
Wide coverage and accurate detection of nuclear detonations are critical to prevent proliferation. Such applications require extremely high sensitivities on the order of approximately 0.5 ng/sqrt(Hz) on all three axes of acceleration, as well as robustness and cost effectiveness. Current sensors are too large or insensitive to be widely distributed in a sensor network.
Agiltron, an innovator of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices, has developed a new design of the
Micro-Mechanical Tunneling Transducer based on the physics of atomic tunneling currents. The proposed seismometer device is extremely sensitive, will measure simultaneously in three axes, and has a very low noise floor and a very small form factor.
This micromachined device is also amenable to low-cost manufacture in large quantities, once the processes have been established. Successful implementation of the proposed vibration or acceleration sensor will also be useful in other geophysical applications, such as updating (Global Seismographic Network), as well as in robotics, medical, and aerospace industries.
DTIC
Detection; Detonation; Nuclear Explosions; Seismographs
20100015764 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA
NEPP Non-Volatile Memory FY09 Summary Report
Sheldon, Douglas; Heidecker, Jason; Jan. 2010; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS7-03001; 103982.03.02.03; WBS 724297.40.43; JPL Proj. 103982
Report No.(s): JPL-Publ-10-2; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015764
This report documents the activities and results of the fiscal year 2009 (FY09) funding for the NASA Electronic Parts and
Packaging (NEPP) program for non-volatile memory (NVM) devices. The FY09 task was divided into two main efforts: 1.
Development of in-house measurement capability for flash devices 2. Reliability characterization of multi-level vs.
single-level flash devices The FY09 NEPP Non Volatile Memory study was organized into these two sections in recognition of the continued and increasing importance of NVM to NASA. All NASA missions use NVM for boot code storage and some limited data archiving. Space-grade NVM has lagged commercial NVM development by many orders of magnitude, however.
This gap in density only continues to increase as space-grade memories remain constant in the 1-16 Mbit levels, while commercial flash-based devices shrink in size and double in capacity every 18 months. Commercial flash devices are now at the 32 Gbit level, 10,000 times denser than current NASA NVM. This FY marks the beginning of a significant technological transition in NVM for NASA. The aggressive scaling of commercial NVMs has, as a by-product, made some of the flash devices radiation-tolerant enough to be at least considered for low-level radiation environment missions [Irom 2008]. This
NEPP task is focused on understanding the reliability and potential future applications of such highly scaled flash memories.
Author
Electronic Packaging; Reliability; Computer Storage Devices
20100015832 Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
Tay, Tong E; Mar 26, 2010; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-08-1-4026
Report No.(s): AD-A516833; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516833
This document describes the work done in National University of Singapore to implement the Multi-Continuum Theory
(MCT) of composite failure for damage progression analysis using the Element-Failure Method (EFM) in ABAQUS. The
EFM-MCT has been implemented in ABAQUS using a user defined element subroutine EFM. Comparisons have been made between the analysis results using EFM-MCT code and HELIUS:MCT code which uses material property degradation method
(MPDM). It is found that the conventional EFM-MCT code is less efficient than the HELIUS:MCT code. This is due to the iterative nature of the EFM code in finding the solution. A non-iterative element-failure method (N-EFM) is then developed
107
to improve the computational efficiency. This N-EFM-MCT has been implemented in an in-house code and comparison of computational efficiency has been made between N-EFM and MPDM.
DTIC
Composite Materials; Continuum Mechanics; Continuums; Criteria; Damage; Failure
20100015872 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
Massman, Jeffrey P; Mar 2010; 101 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2007-124
Report No.(s): AD-A516966; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-16; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516966
The ability to manipulate a complex impedance sheet about a PEC or general dielectric cylinder of arbitrary diameter to control the overall scattering characteristics at particular angles for shielding or scattering applications is presented. It is shown that with the capability to readily control both the real and imaginary components of a percolated lossy film’s effective impedance, specific impedance distributions can be obtained to effectively direct the overall nulls in the bistatic scattering pattern. The exact approach only requires negligible truncation error of the matrix solution and can be applied to cylinders of arbitrary size. This approach relies on general impedance sheet boundary conditions in addition to a Fourier series representation of the impedance sheet distribution, with the utilization of Wronskian and recurrence relations, to produce a computationally efficient matrix solution for the scattered field expansion coefficient an. This scattering coefficient an can then be included in the expression for a two-dimensional scattering width, allowing for the computation of scattering patterns of arbitrary diameter cylinder impedance sheet distributions. The ability to adapt sheet impedances to effectively control the overall nulls in the bistatic scattering pattern will be demonstrated, with practically-implemented impedance characteristics.
Lastly, a novel rectangular X-band waveguide system will be utilized to characterize the electromagnetic properties of the phi-dependent impedance sheet.
DTIC
Characterization; Electric Conductors; Electromagnetic Scattering; Electromagnetic Shielding; Impedance
20100015878 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Efficient Linearization of Microwave Power Amplifiers
Qiu, J X; Abe, D K; Antonsen, Jr, T M; Danly, B G; Levush, B; Myers, R E; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516994; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516994
The growing use of multiple-carrier, complex (multi-level, multi-phase), spectrally efficient waveforms such as quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) and code division multiple access (CDMA) in communication systems is placing a growing demand on the power efficiency and linearity of microwave power amplifiers. Continuing reliance on vacuum electronics amplifiers such as traveling-wave tube amplifiers (TWTA) in space-based transponders and ground terminals requires tube designers to constantly develop new techniques to improve the efficiency and linearity of devices. To satisfy performance requirements, there is an increasing trend of designers incorporating preor post-linearization modules with the power amplifiers to improve overall system efficiency and linearity.1 Signal predistortion is a simple and effective linearization technique that has been used successfully for both solid-state power amplifiers (SSPA) and TWTAs.
DTIC
Linearization; Microwave Amplifiers; Power Amplifiers; Waveforms
20100015887 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL USA
Development of High-Fill-Factor Large-Aperture Micromirrors for Agile Optical Phased Arrays
Xie, Huikai; Jia, Kemiao; Samuelson, Sean R; Feb 28, 2010; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-1-0292
Report No.(s): AD-A517027; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517027
A new design of high-full-factor(HFF)micromirror array(MMA) has been proposed, fabricated and tested. Opticalphased-array (OPA) beam steering based on the HFF MMA has also been demonstrated. This unique HFF MMA design consists of large sub-apertures (i.e., mirror pixels). The flatness of the mirror surface is provided by a 80 micrometers-thick single-crystal silicon layer. The MMAs are fabricated using a single-wafer fabrication process without any wafer bonding, and
108
the devices are surface-mountable right after the batch fabrication. A fabricated 4 4 MMA achieves a combined optical aperture of 6.4mm 6.4mm with 90% fill factor and 25 degree scan range in two axes at 4V DC. A static piston of 320 micrometers is achieved at less than 8V. The measured piston and rotation resonance modes are 247Hz and 320Hz, respectively. It is experimentally shown that the spot size from a rectangular aperture consisting of two consecutive sub-apertures is significantly reduced compared to that from a single sub-aperture when the phase difference between the two sub-apertures is electrically tuned to multiple 2pi.
DTIC
Apertures; Optical Properties; Phased Arrays
20100015913 Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas Crete, Greece
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Gundogdu, T F; Gokkavas, Mutlu; Guven, Kaan; Kafesaki, M; Soukoulis, C M; Ozbay, Ekmel; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA972-01-2-0016; W-7405-ENG-82
Report No.(s): AD-A517105; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517105
The effect of conductivity variation as a proposed method for the investigation of photoconductive switching properties of split ring resonators (SRRs) is simulated. Three different systems that are applicable under certain fabrication and/or optical excitation conditions are described. The simulated transmission spectrum indicates that for a large range of dark conductivity values, complete switching of the SRR resonance is possible. One of the simulated systems, involving split ring resonators on Si substrate, was fabricated and characterized. The transmission spectrum of that system was measured, with the Si in its high-resistivity state, and a 60 dB dip between 108 and 115 GHz, due to SRRs magnetic resonance, was observed.
DTIC
Fabrication; Photoconductivity; Resonators; Simulation
20100015917 Toyon Research Corp., Goleta, CA USA
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO Resolution Selection and Information-Theoretic Sensor Tasking
Cagley, Richard E; Beckman, David E; Sullivan, Kevin J; May 2005; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-C-1454
Report No.(s): AD-A517129; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517129
The degree of uncertainty in a track’s position provides an indication of how best to allocate sensor resources. In this paper, we discuss the use of this track parameter for two tasking activities. First, we consider determining resolution selection for electro-optical (EO) sensor tasks. Secondly, we integrate our knowledge of kinematics into the process of informationtheoretic task selection. We consider the use of optimized selection of the resolution for imaging sensors such that we maximize what we term the probability of acquiring a target. The probability of acquiring, if a particular resolution is chosen, is a function of both the probability of the target being within the sensor footprint as well as the probability the target is detected given it is in the footprint. In the process of selection of sensor tasks, Toyon employs an information-theoretic metric.
We apply conditionals on the entropy that are a function of the uncertainty with which the track will actually be detected during the sensor task. A tracker, based on the Kalman filter, is used to provide an estimate of position and an associated two dimensional error covariance. The kinematic information is used to compute the probability a target is within a footprint, whose size is based on the resolution. For simulation we employ the high fidelity Toyon-developed SLAMEM(TM) testbed.
DTIC
Electro-Optics; Information Theory; Kinematics
20100015920 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware Based Systems
Huffmire, Ted; Brotherton, Brett; Wang, Gang; Sherwood, Timothy; Kastner, Ryan; Levin, Timothy; Nguyen, Thuy; Irvine,
Cynthia; May 2007; 16 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): CNS-0524771; CCF-0448654
Report No.(s): AD-A517143; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517143
Blurring the line between software and hardware, reconfigurable devices strike a balance between the raw high speed of
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custom silicon and the post-fabrication flexibility of general-purpose processors. While this flexibility is a boon for embedded system developers, who can now rapidly prototype and deploy solutions with performance approaching custom designs, this results in a system development methodology where functionality is stitched together from a variety of soft IP cores, often provided by multiple vendors with different levels of trust. Unlike traditional software where resources are managed by an operating system, soft IP cores necessarily have very fine grain control over the underlying hardware. To address this problem, the embedded systems community requires novel security primitives which address the realities of modern reconfigurable hardware. We propose an isolation primitive, moats and drawbridges, that are built around four design properties: logical isolation, interconnect traceability, secure reconfigurable broadcast, and configuration scrubbing. Each of these is a fundamental operation with easily understood formal properties, yet maps cleanly and efficiently to a wide variety of reconfigurable devices. We carefully quantify the required overheads on real FPGAs and demonstrate the utility of our methods by applying them to the practical problem of memory protection.
DTIC
Computer Information Security; Isolation; Reconfigurable Hardware
20100015927 North Carolina Univ., Charlotte, NC USA
A Design Methodology for Optoelectronic VLSI
Rozier, III, Richard G; Jan 2007; 161 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517219; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517219
A methodology for designing silicon complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits (ICs) for implementation with optoelectronic (OE) technology is presented. Optoelectronic technology involves the bonding of laser detectors and transmitters to ports on the surface of the silicon IC. The ports that connect to the laser devices are metal pads that are placed in a gridded area array. The methodology focuses only on the design of the digital logic circuitry of an FSOI system and consists of partitioning the design at the system level for a multiple IC implementation, using the Very high-speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) as a means of design entry and definition, using computer-aided design (CAD) tools for logic synthesis and automatic placement and routing of transistors, and enhancing the CAD tools to perform automated placement and routing of the area array pads. The results of applying this approach to a number of ICs are discussed also.
DTIC
Chips; CMOS; Electro-Optics; Free-Space Optical Interconnects; Very Large Scale Integration
20100015975 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA
Multi-Element Patch Antenna and Method
Josypenko, Michael J, Inventor; Mar 13, 2010; 21 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-D020441; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADD020441
A patch antenna with a driven antenna formed on a board of dielectric material on an opposite side thereof from a ground plane. The driven electrically conductive element is smaller in surface area than the ground plane. Parasitic antenna element(s) that function as directors are mounted coaxial with and spaced apart from the driven antenna element at an offset distance.
In one possible embodiment, the offset distance may be greater than the thickness of the dielectric material and/or the parasitic element may comprise a maximum dimension (slightly less than one half wave length) less than a maximum dimension of the driven antenna element.
DTIC
Directional Antennas; Patch Antennas; Patent Applications
20100016002 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Static and Dynamic Component Obfuscation on Reconfigurable Devices
Cady, Camdon R; Mar 2010; 81 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517275; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Computing systems are used in virtually every aspect of our lives. Technology such as smart phones and electronically controlled subsystems in cars is becoming so commonly used that it is virtually ubiquitous. Sometimes, this technology can be exploited to perform functions that it was never intended to perform, or fail to provide information that it is supposed to protect. X-HIA was shown to be effective at identifying several circuit components in a significantly shorter time than previous
110
identification methods. Instead of requiring a number of input/output pairings that grows factorially or exponentially as the circuit size grows, it requires only a number that grows polynomially with the size of the circuit. This allows for the identification of significantly larger circuits. Static protection techniques that are applied to the circuits do not increase the amount of time required to identify the circuit to the point that it is not feasible to perform that identification. DPR is implemented, and it is shown both that the overhead is not prohibitive and that it is effective at causing an identification algorithm to fail.
DTIC
Circuits; Computers
20100016019 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
Smith, Nina R; Mar 2010; 144 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517321; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-28; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The work involves the fabrication and testing of three different surface acoustic wave (SAW) device designs, an investigation of nanowires sensitive to chemicals and preconcentrator prototypes to include with chemical sensors. The SAW chemical sensor designs include modifications to a basic SAW device to see if the sensitivity of the SAW device is increased.
The modifications consist of etched trenches along the propagation field, coating the device with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) under the chemically sensitive layer and coating CNTs on top of the chemically sensitive layer. SAW devices are coated with
Nafion(trademark), a polymer sensitive to ethanol. The tests indicate that trenches etched between the transducer fields increase the sensitivity of the SAW devices. The increase of sensitivity is signified by a shift of peak frequency of an extra
100kHz over the unaltered device after five minutes of flowing ethanol. Testing of the nanowires involves measuring the resistance of palladium, polypyrrole and polyaniline nanowires. Investigation of the nanowires indicates that they are less suited to detecting chemicals in a non-ideal measurement circumstance than SAW devices. Preconcentrators are another way to improve the sensitivity of chemical sensors. Some preconcentrator prototypes fabricated in the PolyMUMPs(trademark) system are tested and evaluated for heating characteristics and abilities.. A grid pattern presents the best way to heat a large surface area the most uniformly. Coating the devices with CNTs also increases the heat to which devices can be heated and decreases the amount of time that it takes to heat the devices.
DTIC
Acoustics; Detection; Sensitivity; Signal Detectors; Sound Waves; Surface Waves
20100016031 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
The National Nanotechnology Initiative: Overview, Reauthorization, and Appropriations Issues
Sargent, Jr, John F; Mar 18, 2010; 53 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517356; CRS-RL34401; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Nanotechnology-a term encompassing the science, engineering, and applications of submicron materials-involves the harnessing of unique physical, chemical, and biological properties of nanoscale substances in fundamentally new and useful ways. The economic and societal promise of nanotechnology has led to substantial and sustained investments by governments and companies around the world. In 2000, the USA launched the world’s first national nanotechnology program. From
FY2001 through FY2010, the federal government invested approximately $12.4 billion in nanoscale science, engineering, and technology through the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). U.S. companies and state governments have invested billions more. President Obama has requested an additional $1.8 billion in NNI funding for FY2011. As a result of this focus and these investments, the USA has, in the view of many experts, emerged as a global leader in nanotechnology. However, the competition for global leadership in nanotechnology is intensifying as countries and companies around the world increase their investments.
DTIC
Appropriations; Nanotechnology
20100016038 FOM-Inst. voor Atoom- en Molecuulfysica, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Surface Plasmon Enhanced Si:Er Infrared Light Emitting Diodes
Polman, Albert; Mar 3, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-05-1-0450
Report No.(s): AD-A517377; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have developed a general methodology to model spontaneous emission enhancements of optical emitters by plasmonic
111
nanoparticles. The results are of importance for the development of Si-based light sources (lasers, LEDs) that operate at visible or infrared frequencies. Novel theory was developed for ellipsoidal particles, that serve as a model system for anisotropic particles in general. We experimentally demonstrated plasmon-enhanced emission from optically active erbium ions (emission at 1.5 microns) and Si quantum dots (emission 600-1000 nm). We demonstrated for the first time control and tuning of the
Si quantum dot spontaneous emission spectrum using plasmonic coupling and as well as polarization controlled emission from
Si quantum dots. Finally, we demonstrated a Si-based plasmon-enhanced LED based on Si quantum dot emission. Throughout this MURI program the project was expanded to include the development cathodoluminescence imaging spectroscopy as a novel tool to study the propagation, confinement and damping of surface plasmons and the development of focused ion beam milling as a technique to fabricate photonic nanostructures. We studied dispersion of isolated coaxial plasmonic nanostructures, in which we discovered optical modes with negative refractive index. This then led to the development of the first single-layer wide-angle negative index metamaterial at visible frequencies.
DTIC
Infrared Radiation; Light Emitting Diodes; Plasmons
20100016065 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
Jaffe, Jules S; Jan 2008; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0317
Report No.(s): AD-A517448; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Our overall goal is to develop a next generation underwater optical imaging system. The system is predicted to have extended range performance ( 3 total attenuation lengths). Under an ONR funded SBIR program Phase II with Aculight Co.
(Bothell WA), we have received and are testing a new laser line scan system. This proposal requested additional funds to support and extend those tests by allowing enhanced characterization of the environment as well as data collection with higher dynamic range and speed. Enhanced processing of the data will also be accomplished with additional computer facilities. One of the most difficult imaging situations is when looking through turbid media. Motivated by the many applications that occur in medical, environmental, and the military, there has been a prevailing need for either formulating better imaging geometries or understanding the limitations of the existing ones. The achievable resolution in turbid media is typically limited by the severe scattering that photons are subject to when transiting back after reflection from a target of interest. This is in contrast with many areas such as optical microscopy and semiconductor wafer inspection, where more often than not, resolution is imposed by the diffraction limit.
DTIC
Characterization; Data Acquisition; Images; Imaging Techniques; Lasers; Scattering; Turbidity
20100016066 City Univ. of New York, NY USA
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of Coastal Waters
Ahmed, Samir; Moshary, Fred; Gross, Barry; Gilerson, Alexander; Jan 2008; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0325
Report No.(s): AD-A517450; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Development of algorithms for improved retrievals of inherent water optical properties (IOP) from satellite imagery of coastal waters with current and future sensors utilizing: 1) NIR and UV channels, 2) water polarization characteristics and 3) advanced atmospheric correction schemes. Analysis of methodologies for the enhancement of algorithms for IOP retrieval from reflectance spectra based on additional measurements in NIR and UV through: a) the use of reflectance characteristics obtained from NIR measurements as additional constraints in basic inversion models, b) expansion of modeled and measured reflectance spectra and bio-optical models of coastal waters into the UV zone for the improved separation of CDOM and phytoplankton components.
DTIC
Algorithms; Coastal Water; Coasts; Near Infrared Radiation; Optical Properties; Phytoplankton; Reflectance; Ultraviolet
Radiation
20100016079 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
Li, Jingjing; Salandrino, Alessandro; Engheta, Nader; May 5, 2009; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-1-0220
Report No.(s): AD-A517486; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Here we present and analyze an optical spectrum analyzer at the nanometer scale that is able to distribute different
112
frequency contents of the radiation of an optical dipole source into different directions in the space. The spectrum analyzer is composed of arrays of optical Yagi-Uda nanoantennas, forming relatively narrow radiation patterns operating at different frequencies. The optical Yagi-Uda nanoantennas composed of plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles are used as an example of building blocks for this idea in our study. Narrow radiation beams in such antenna arrays are realized by tailoring the scattering phase of the nanoparticles. The sensitivity of such an antenna array to the operating wavelength and the angular distribution of the radiation pattern, which is essential for the operation of the spectrum analyzer proposed here, is studied theoretically.
The chromatic dispersion and the angular variation of the radiation pattern of such an optical spectrum analyzer are discussed in detail.
DTIC
Optical Properties; Spectrometers; Spectrum Analysis; Systems Engineering; Yagi Antennas
20100016098 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF Phased Array
Lazio, J; Clarke, T; Lane, W; Wood, D; Ray, P; Kassim, N; Jan 2008; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517552; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Long Wavelength Array (LWA; http://lwa.unm.edu/) is an ONR-funded project to design and construct a large, next-generation facility focusing on both ionospheric and astronomical research and operating in the high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) bands (20-80 MHz). The baseline design for the LWA consists of approximately 50 dipole-based phased-array stations, with each station consisting of 256 dual-polarization dipoles, distributed over approximately 400 km in the state of New Mexico. In operation, the stations themselves would be phased together to form a radio interferometer. The
Long Wavelength Demonstrator Array (LWDA) was funded by NRL and developed jointly by NRL and the Applied Research
Laboratories of the University of Texas at Austin (ARL:UT), with assistance from the University of New Mexico. The LWDA serves as a technology and scientific testbed for the LWA project by fielding prototype hardware and by providing experience with site preparation, radio frequency interference monitoring and mitigation, software development, environmental concerns, and initial science capability. The LWDA consists of 16 dual linear polarization dipoles, tunable in the frequency range of 60 to 80 MHz with an instantaneous received bandwidth of 1.6 MHz. The dipoles have an intrinsically large field of view (field of regard) and images of the entire sky are now being produced routinely. As part of the scientific prototyping work with the
LWDA, these images are being used to search for transient celestial radio emitters at higher sensitivity levels than previously accessible. The LWDA also has obtained data, currently under study, containing passive radar observations of meteor scatter, anomalous propagation phenomena, and aircraft.
DTIC
Field of View; High Frequencies; Imaging Techniques; Interferometry; Phased Arrays; Radio Frequency Interference; Very
High Frequencies
20100016109 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Structural Response of the Slotted Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure Components Under Compression
Sabat, Jr, Joseph W; Mar 2010; 170 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517571; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M19; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Slotted Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure (SWASS) is an aircraft system that can provide the capabilities of a stiffened panel skin structure and a slotted waveguide radar antenna simultaneously. The system made from carbon fiber reinforced polymers is designed around a 10 GHz radar frequency in the X-band range and uses a WR- 90 waveguide as a baseline for design. The system is designed for integration into fuselage or wing sections of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) aircraft and would increase the system performance through the availability of increased area and decreased system weight. Elemental parts of the SWASS structure were tested in compression after preliminary testing was completed for material characterization of a resin reinforced plain woven carbon fiber fabric made from Grafil 34-700 fibers and a Tencate RS-36 resin with a resin mass ratio of 30%. Testing included finite element stress and strain field characterization of seven single slot configurations, and results showed the longitudinal 90? slot was the best structural slot by about 30% in terms of maximum von Mises stress. Single waveguides were tested in the non-slotted configuration and a configuration including a five longitudinal slot array in one waveguide wall. Finite element results were compared with experimental results and showed good comparisons in all areas. The slot array was determined to have a decrease in nonlinear limit load of 8% from the finite element simulations and 12% from the experimental results. All waveguides showed the characteristics of local wall buckling as the initial failure mechanism and had significant buckling features before ultimate material failure occurred.
113
Nonlinear limit load values were only slightly lower than linear bifurcation values, by less than 1% for both the slotted and non-slotted configurations.
DTIC
Antenna Components; Radar Antennas; Slot Antennas; Waveguide Antennas; Waveguides
20100016119 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for Ionospheric Research
Bernhardt, P A; Siefring, C L; Galysh, I J; Koch, D E; Jan 2008; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517619; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The ionosphere is a source of error and data loss for many communications, navigation, and radar systems. As satellite radio signals propagate from space through the ionosphere to the ground, they can become distorted by a large number of effects including phase fluctuations, Faraday rotation, amplitude fluctuations, group delay, absorption, scattering, frequency shifts, and multipath. Ionospheric characterization is needed to identify these influences, to predict their occurrence, and if possible, to mitigate their effects. Radio beacon measurements of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) can be used by data assimilation models to improve ionospheric density specifications. Current assimilation models have been developed to incorporate many sources of ionospheric data including ground GPS TEC, bottom-side ionospheric profiles from ionosondes, and TEC from low-Earthorbit (LEO) beacon transmissions to ground receivers. Until now, there has not been any beacon receiver in low Earth orbit that can provide rapid TEC and radio scintillation measurements from ground beacons and from other beacons in LEO.
DTIC
Electron Density (Concentration); Ionospheres; Radio Beacons; Receivers; Scintillation; Tomography
20100016120 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and Photonics for Military Applications
Urick, V J; Devgan, P S; McKinney, J D; Bucholtz, F; Godinez, M E; Hastings, A S; Diehl, J F; Sunderman, C; Colladay, K;
Dexter, J L; Williams, K J; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517620; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Radio-frequency (RF) photonics provides increased or previously unavailable capabilities for many military platforms and applications. As compared to electronic approaches, photonics offers increased transmission distances in antenna-remoting applications, unrivaled bandwidth in signal-processing and other electromagnetic-warfare applications, and decreased size and weight in numerous military platforms. In addition, fiber optics as a transmission medium offers invulnerability to electromagnetic interference and near-complete electrical isolation. We describe advances in the theoretical understanding of analog-photonic systems made at NRL in 2007, along with the accompanying record-setting performance demonstrated in our experiments. We have applied our expertise to the design and implementation of two state-of-the-art prototype systems for military antenna-remoting and electromagnetic-warfare applications. Each of these prototypes and their significance are described below.
DTIC
Analog Data; Dynamic Range; Electronic Warfare; Fiber Optics; Military Technology; Photonics; Systems Engineering
20100016122 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early Operational Assessment
Sarkady, K; Romero, H; Lynn, G; Mabe, R; Moore, R; Cassella, V; Barone, F; Cellucci, R; Schlupf, J A; Strothers, K; Pick,
K; Nichols, B; Thonburg, D; Jan 2008; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517623; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Infrared-guided surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) and air-to-air missiles (AAMs) continue to pose grave danger to U.S.
Navy and Marine Corps aircraft. Current tactics against these threats include the execution of evasive maneuvers and the dispensing of flare countermeasures. Improved self-protection capabilities that are essential to enhance aircraft survivability include: (1) the deployment of passive missile warning technologies capable of providing the earliest detection of the threat missile plume ignition and (2) the development of more effective covert laser-based countermeasure techniques. We describe here the development, fabrication, and testing of an operational prototype pod designed to protect U.S. Navy tactical aircraft against the most advanced infrared (IR) guided missile threats.
DTIC
Air to Air Missiles; Countermeasures; Infrared Detectors; Jamming; Optical Countermeasures; Pods (External Stores);
Surface to Air Missiles; Warning Systems
114
20100016126 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical Dome Resonator
Zalalutdinov, M K; Baldwin, J W; Pate, B B; Yang, J; Butler, J E; Houston, B H; Jan 2008; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517629; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Superior mechanical and optical properties of single crystal (SC) diamond in combination with a chemically inert and bio-compatible surface enable the design and fabrication of novel nanoscale devices for sensing and signal processing applications. In this letter, we present the first fabrication and operation of high-frequency nanomechanical resonators implemented in 100-nm-thick SC diamond films epitaxially grown on SC synthetic diamond. The method of fabrication is based on introducing a pattern of localized mechanical stress in the epitaxial film and can be potentially extended below 10 nm film thickness. Reduction in film thickness and hence a reduction in the mass of the resonator is motivated by a straightforward gain in performance as a mass sensor. The corresponding increase in resonant frequency greatly facilitates operation in viscous media such as air and water. The exceptional mass sensitivity of nanomechanical resonators, combined with emerging methods of functionalization that provide a diamond surface with the specificity toward analytes of interest, make SC diamond resonators a superb choice for chem/bio sensing applications.
DTIC
Diamonds; Epitaxy; Nanostructures (Devices); Resonators; Single Crystals; Vapor Deposition
20100016128 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmium-doped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Holz, R L; Goswami, R; Spanos, G; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517631; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
High-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape and wire are promising for high power density shipboard motor and generator applications. There is a need, however, for improving the performance and stability of these materials in high magnetic fields in order to fully exploit this technology. The Naval Research Laboratory, with our extensive expertise and sophisticated capabilities for microstructural analysis, has been approached by and is working closely with several HTS wire processing groups, including HTS manufacturers American Superconductor Corporation and Metal Oxide Technologies
Incorporated, as well as the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, to understand the basic relationships between microstructure and performance of HTS tapes.
DTIC
Additives; Augmentation; Doped Crystals; Electrical Properties; High Temperature Superconductors; Holmium;
Nanoparticles; Superconductors (Materials); YBCO Superconductors
20100016131 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Multifunctional Electrode Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Capacitors
Long, J W; Rolison, D R; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517636; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The term electrochemical capacitor (EC) describes a diverse class of energy-storage devices that bridges the critical performance gap on the power vs energy density plane between the high power densities offered by conventional capacitors and the high energy densities of batteries. 1 Although from both practical and fundamental perspectives, ECs are closely related to batteries, electrochemical capacitors can be differentiated by charge-discharge response times that are on the order of seconds and by their exceptional cycle life (typically many tens to hundreds of thousands of cycles). The most visible technologies that will be impacted by ECs are hybrid-electric power systems, where significant increases in energy efficiency can be achieved through the recovery of energy normally wasted during braking of repetitive motion, thanks to the rapid charge-discharge response of ECs. Hybridelectric power systems will become increasingly beneficial not only for transportation applications but also for large industrial equipment, including cranes and elevators. Improvements in the high-power performance of electrochemical capacitors and batteries for applications ranging from mission-fielded electronics and sensors to hybrid-electric power systems require a fundamental re-design of the underlying electrode architectures on the nanoscale. We recently demonstrated one such example of a multifunctional electrode nano-architecture in which electroactive nanoscale manganese oxide deposits cover the walls of the tortuous aperiodic structure of ultraporous carbon nanofoams and
115
related porous carbons. In such a configuration, the nanostructured carbon substrate serves as a high-surface-area, massively parallel 3D current collector for the poorly conducting MnO2 coatings, and defines the internal pore structure of the electrode, which facilitates the infiltration and rapid transport of electrolyte (i.e., solvent and ions) to the nanoscopic MnO2 phase.
DTIC
Capacitors; Electrochemical Capacitors; Electrodes; Energy Storage
20100016277 State Univ. of New York, Binghamton, NY USA
Performance and Power Optimization for Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-Submicron Very Large Scale
Integration (VLSI) Technology
Wu, Qing; Qiu, Qinru; March 2010; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-09-2-0011; Proj-BINA
Report No.(s): AD-A516719; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the first part of this project, we investigated the performance and power optimization techniques of the floating point unit design as a part of the Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL cognitive processor project. Our main focus was on exploring different design and synthesis methodologies that lead to the optimized area and power consumption, while fulfilling the performance requirements. Other tasks in this part included tight integration and interaction of logic/physical synthesis, custom circuit design, etc. Simulation and timing analysis results show that our post-layout designs met the area, timing and power requirements of the project. In the second part of the project, we developed a multi-layer cognitive model and algorithm for intelligent text recognition. The algorithm integrates three layers of different cognitive computing models in order to achieve the best accuracy in optical text recognition, as well as the best computation performance on a massively parallel computing cluster. In the first layer, we developed a novel neural network model that performs character recognition from images. The new model is able to provide more than one answer to the input image that is essential for the second layer, word-level recognition based on cogent confabulation. The word confabulation layer also provides multiple candidates that will be cross-checked by the third layer, the sentence confabulation algorithm. We believe that the multi-layer cognitive model concept invented by this project has significant innovation potential in the area of optical text recognition, machine learning and natural language processing.
DTIC
Character Recognition; Natural Language (Computers); Optimization; Very Large Scale Integration
20100016356 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA; Air Force Office of Scientific Research, USA
Materials Characteristics and Surface Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated Carbon Velvet Cathode (POSTPRINT)
Shiffler, Don; Heidger, Susan; Cartwright, Keith; Vaia, Rich; Kiptak, David; Price, Gary; Lacour, Matthew; Golby, Ken;
March 31, 2009; 26 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DF299908; Proj-2301
Report No.(s): AD-A516479; AFRL-RD-PS-TN-2009-1004; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Cesium Iodide (CsI) coated carbon fiber cathodes have shown promise as a cold cathode for microwave and x-ray devices.
In particular, the cathodes have demonstrated over 1 million shots lifetime at operating voltages at or in excess of 165 kV and current densities greater than 25 A/cm2. While the vacuum emission characteristics have been well studied, the materials characteristics of the cathodes themselves, particularly after operation have received little attention. Furthermore, while researchers at University of Wisconsin have demonstrated a reduction in a work function of carbon due to the CsI coating, the details of the emission mechanism remain poorly understood. This paper gives results of a series of materials diagnostics investigating the cathode surface morphology as well as the changes in the carbon fiber structure with cathode shot history.
DTIC
Carbon; Carbon Fibers; Cathodes; Cesium Compounds; Cesium Iodides; Coatings; Cold Cathode Tubes; Cold Cathodes;
Iodides; Morphology; Surface Properties
116
34
FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS
Includes fluid dynamics and kinematics and all forms of heat transfer; boundary layer flow; hydrodynamics; hydraulics; fluidics; mass transfer and ablation cooling. For related information see also 02 Aerodynamics .
20100015655 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Woodard, Stanley E., Inventor; Jones, Thomas W., Inventor; Taylor, Bryant D., Inventor; Qamar, A. Shams, Inventor; March
23, 2010; 6 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed February 5, 2007; US-Patent-7,683,797; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/671,131; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015655
A damage locating system also provides thermal protection. An array of sensors substantially tiles an area of interest. Each sensor is a reflective-surface conductor having operatively coupled inductance and capacitance. A magnetic field response recorder is provided to interrogate each sensor before and after a damage condition. Changes in response are indicative of damage and a corresponding location thereof.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Damage; Thermal Protection; Inductance; Magnetic Fields
20100015699 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the VHTR Lower Plenum Standard Problem
Johnson, Richard W.; Schultz, Richard R.; July 01, 2009; 42 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-99ID-13727
Report No.(s): DE2009-963762; INL/EXT-09-16325; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The USA Department of Energy is promoting the resurgence of nuclear power in the U. S. for both electrical power generation and production of process heat required for industrial processes such as the manufacture of hydrogen for use as a fuel in automobiles. The DOE project is called the next generation nuclear plant (NGNP) and is based on a Generation IV reactor concept called the very high temperature reactor (VHTR), which will use helium as the coolant at temperatures ranging from 450 oC to perhaps 1000 oC. While computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has not been used for past safety analysis for nuclear reactors in the U. S., it is being considered for safety analysis for existing and future reactors. It is fully recognized that CFD simulation codes will have to be validated for flow physics reasonably close to actual fluid dynamic conditions expected in normal and accident operational situations. To this end, experimental data have been obtained in a scaled model of a narrow slice of the lower plenum of a prismatic VHTR. The present report presents results of CFD examinations of these data to explore potential issues with the geometry, the initial conditions, the flow dynamics and the data needed to fully specify the inlet and boundary conditions; results for several turbulence models are examined. Issues are addressed and recommendations about the data are made.
NTIS
Computational Fluid Dynamics; Nuclear Reactors; Fluid Dynamics; Nuclear Electric Power Generation
20100015714 Georgia Tech Research Corp., Atlanta, GA USA
Droplet transport system and methods
Neitzel, G. Paul, Inventor; March 2, 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG3-2431
Patent Info.: Filed May 1, 2006; US-Patent-7,670,560; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/414,824; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015714
Embodiments of droplet transport systems and methods are disclosed for levitating and transporting single or encapsulated droplets using thermocapillary convection. One method embodiment, among others comprises providing a droplet of a first liquid; and applying thermocapillary convection to the droplet to levitate and move the droplet.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Drops (Liquids); Surface Tension Driven Convection; Thermocapillary Migration
117
20100015716 United Technologies Corp., East Hartford, CT USA
Sideload vanes for fluid pump
Erler, Scott R., Inventor; Dills, Michael H., Inventor; Rodriguez, Jose L., Inventor; Tepool, John Eric, Inventor; March 2,
2010; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-36801
Patent Info.: Filed July 13, 2006; US-Patent-7,670,110; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/485,830; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015716
A fluid pump assembly includes a rotatable component that can be rotated about an axis and a static vane assembly located adjacent to the rotatable component. The static vane assembly includes a circumferential surface axially spaced from the rotatable component, and one or more vanes extending from the circumferential surface toward the rotatable component. The one or more vanes are configured to produce a radial load on the rotatable component when the rotatable component is rotating about the axis and a fluid is present between the static vane assembly and the rotatable component.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Pumps; Vanes; Loads (Forces); Fluid Flow
20100015717 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH USA
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
Samimy, Mohammad, Inventor; Adamovich, Igor, Inventor; March 2, 2010; 17 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS3-02116
Patent Info.: Filed January 25, 2008; US-Patent-7,669,404; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/020,019; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015717
A device for controlling fluid flow. The device includes an arc generator coupled to electrodes. The electrodes are placed adjacent a fluid flowpath such that upon being energized by the arc generator, an arc filament plasma adjacent the electrodes is formed. In turn, this plasma forms a localized high temperature, high pressure perturbation in the adjacent fluid flowpath.
The perturbations can be arranged to produce vortices, such as streamwise vortices, in the flowing fluid to control mixing and noise in such flows. The electrodes can further be arranged within a conduit configured to contain the flowing fluid such that when energized in a particular frequency and sequence, can excite flow instabilities in the flowing fluid. The placement of the electrodes is such that they are unobtrusive relative to the fluid flowpath being controlled.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Actuators; Arc Generators; Plasma Electrodes; Perturbation; Stability; Fluid Flow; High Pressure; High Temperature
20100015728 Canberra Industries, Inc., Meriden, CT USA; Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Yocum, K. Michael; Martin, Gregory N.; Colaresi, James F.; Miley, Harry S.; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-08NA28656
Report No.(s): AD-A516262; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516262
High purity germanium (HPGe) detector cooling technology used in remote radionuclide assay applications, such as the
Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA) Mark IV, is continually evolving. Cryocooler improvements in recent years have resulted in reduced size, reduced maintenance, improved reliability, and enhanced HPGe detector performance compared to systems based on earlier generations of cooling devices. The Cryo-Cycle(trademark) and Cryo-Pulse 5 are two such HPGe detector cooler/cryostat systems that we are modifying and evaluating for use in the RASA. The modifications will enhance vacuum lifetime and integrity, improve performance, and resolve the need to procure and handle liquid nitrogen (LN(2)). Both cryocoolers offer advantages over the existing generation of HPGe detector cooler/cryostats used in the RASA and other remote-sensing applications.
DTIC
Aerosols; Coolers; Cooling; Cryogenic Cooling; Germanium; Purity; Radioactive Isotopes; Remote Sensors; Samplers
118
20100015898 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
Zhong, Xiaolin; Dec 31, 2009; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0414
Report No.(s): AD-A517055; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517055
The objective of this research is to conduct DNS studies of hypersonic boundary layer receptivity, transient growth and transition with surface roughness. The main approach is to use DNS as a research tool to study the boundary layer receptivity and transient-growth mechanisms in hypersonic flows, including the development of numerical algorithms and parallel computer codes of higher order numerical methods for the simulation of hypersonic flows with surface roughness of finite heights. During the three-year period, we have conducted DNS studies on the hypersonic boundary layer flows over flat plates and blunt cones. A new high-order cut-cell method has been developed for the numerical simulation of hypersonic boundary layer transition with finite height surface roughness. The method has been applied to the numerical simulations of two-dimensional hypersonic flows over a flat plate. Furthermore, the stabilization effect of the surface porous coating over a flat plate is extensively studied by series of numerical simulations. We also collaborate with Prof. Tumin in the University of
Arizona to compare numerical and theoretical results on receptivity of a Mach 5.92 flow over a flat plate to wall blowing-suction, and to analyze the nonparallel flow effect.
DTIC
Boundary Layer Flow; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Direct Numerical Simulation; Hypersonic Boundary Layer;
Hypersonic Flow; Surface Roughness
20100016256 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA
Method for Reducing Flow Induced Vibration and Noise in Towed Arrays
Keith, William L, Inventor; Mar 22, 2010; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-D020442; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A method for reducing noise in a towed acoustic array includes providing a towed array having a length, diameter, frequency range and tow speed. The relationship between tension in the towed array and wall pressure fluctuation spectral levels is determined. Wall pressure fluctuation spectral levels are related to the noise in the array. An optimal towed array tension is calculated using the determined relationship. Tension is increased to the optimal towed array tension by either provided additional towed array hose or a drogue at the end of the towed array.
DTIC
Flow Noise; Patent Applications; Vibration Damping
20100016331 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
Lee, Steve A.; Leimkuehler, Thomas O.; Stephan, Ryan; Le, Hung V.; [2010]; 10 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 119103
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20213; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016331
Water may be used as radiation shielding for Solar Particle Events (SPE) to protect crewmembers in the Lunar Electric
Rover (LER). Because the water is already present for radiation protection, it could also provide a mass efficient solution to the vehicle’s thermal control system. This water can be frozen by heat rejection from a radiator and used as a Phase Change
Material (PC1V1) for thermal storage. Use of this water as a PCM can eliminate the need for a pumped fluid loop thermal control system as well as reduce the required size of the radiator. This paper describes the testing and analysis performed for the Rover Engineering Development Unit (REDU), a scaled-down version of a water PCM heat sink for the LER. The REDU was tested in a thermal-vacuum chamber at environmental temperatures similar to those of a horizontal radiator panel on the lunar surface. Testing included complete freeze and melt cycles along with scaled transient heat load profiles simulating a
24-hour day for the rover.
Author
Thermal Vacuum Tests; Water; Ice; Temperature Control; Lunar Surface; Radiation Shielding; Solar Flares; Solar
Corpuscular Radiation; Heat Radiators
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35
INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gages; detectors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. For aerial photography see 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing . For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation ; and 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics .
20100014831 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at Millimeter Wavelengths
Benford, Dominic J.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, 23-25 Mar. 2010,
Oxfordshire, UK; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
In November 2007 and October 2008, we demonstrated a new camera for the 2 mm wavelength band, GISMO (Goddard
IRAM Superconducting 2 Millimeter Observer), at the IRAM 30 m telescope in Spain. Based on a novel superconducting transition edge sensor bolometer array, GISMO features a compact optical design that should provide rapid imaging in its band. We detail the calculations made for GISMO to determine the atmospheric emission optical loading and resultant photon noise in the 2 mm band at Pico Veleta, and show confirming measurements obtained during the observing runs.
Author
Bolometers; Cameras; Millimeter Waves; Atmospherics; Airglow
20100014934 Missile Defense Agency, Washington, DC USA
Environmental Assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization Cooperative-Engagement-Capability/
PATRIOT (CEC/PATRIOT) Interoperability Test
Jul 2000; 89 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515936; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515936
As part of its program to develop technologies to protect against ballistic missiles, cruise missiles and high-performance aircraft, the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) proposes to conduct a test of radar equipment designed to detect, track and target these kinds of threats. However, no missiles will be used in conducting the test. The proposed test, termed the Cooperative Engagement Capability/PATRIOT Interoperability Test would continue the development of an innovative technology that will enable U.S. Army and U.S. Navy radar systems to work together to jointly track and counter air threats at longer ranges than is now possible. The technology to be tested uses a network of radars with overlapping coverage to create a combined, larger, more detailed detecting, tracking, and targeting capability. The Cooperative Engagement Capability
(CEC), a system developed by the U.S. Navy, will link radars from multiple platforms, including ships and aircraft and land, into a network to produce a single, composite picture of radar tracks. The proposed test will link land-based Navy radar systems, a Navy AEGIS cruiser at sea, an airborne P-3 Orion aircraft, and an Army PATRIOT radar at a separate site. The test will simulate with computers the cooperative acquisition, tracking and engagement of various threats by combining the capabilities of several radars at once. This will be a test of radar, communications and computer capabilities only; there will be no actual missiles or missile launches involved in this test in any way. Although a PATRIOT radar will be involved, this unit is physically completely separate from PATRIOT missiles, which will not be present at any of the test sites, nor involved in the test in any way.
DTIC
Antimissile Defense; Ballistic Missiles; Interoperability; Missile Defense; Radar Equipment
20100014947 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Optimizing a System of Threshold-based Sensors with Application to Biosurveillance
Fricker, Jr, Ronald F; May 28, 2008; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515981; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515981
These briefing charts discuss biosurveillance, and goals, issues and results. The term biosurveillance means the process of active data gathering, of biosphere data, in order to achieve early warning of health threats, early detection of health events and overall situational awareness of disease activity. The goal is early detection of disease outbreak and/or bioterrorism. The issue is currently detection thresholds set naively; equally for all sensors, ignores differential probability of attack. The result is high false alarm rates, and loss of credibility.
DTIC
Detection; Diseases; Early Warning Systems
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20100014993 Beijing Inst. of Radio Metrology and Measurements, China
An Automatic Measurement System for RF Pulse Stability Parameters
Xiaofan, Liu; Ruida, Mao; Dec 1988; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516095; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516095
This paper describes a new automatic system for measurement of transmitter stability parameters, esp. the frequency stability of RF pules series, which can limit the performance of variours coherent pulse radars. The practicability to characterize the stability of RF pulse series with interpulse variance in time domain and near-carrier phase noise in frequency domain is studied in the paper. The operation principle, system construction and calibration methods of quadrature dual channel frequency and phase discrimination system for the measurement of interpulse variance are discussed here. This system is effectively used in the measurement of stability of radar transmitters.
DTIC
Coherent Radar; Electromagnetic Pulses; Radio Frequencies; Systems Engineering
20100014997 National Inst. of Rock Mechanics, Goldfield, India
Strong Motion Studies in the Mines of Kolar Gold Fields
Srinivasan, C; Willy, Yesurathernam A; Sivakumar, C; Sep 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516108; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516108
Rockbursts are common phenomenon in mines during mining operations. A network of geophones was used to locate and assess the stability of mine workings. The important parameters needed to assess the damage potential and severity of a rockburst is its Richter’s local magnitude. It was not possible from the records of geophone due to saturation effect. A strong-motion accelerograph has been installed and has recorded many rockbursts after closure of the mines. The
Strong-motion accelerograms recorded due to rockbursts are therefore used to obtain a Wood- Anderson synthetic seismogram for getting accurate and reliable values of the local magnitudes. Using 100 typical strong motion accelerograms of rockburst in the mines of Kolar Gold Fields, the magnitudes have been computed. The maximum magnitude obtained from several rockbursts during the period has been found to be 4.29. Attenuation relationships for peak horizontal ground acceleration for short distances and low magnitudes have been used for the development of the attenuation relationship. Two step multi regressions have been made by analyzing the decay of individual magnitude classes with distance using it with the whole data set. The models used in the present study is log(A)=C1+C2 M-C4blog(X+ e(c/3/M)) where A is the peak ground acceleration,
X is the hypocentral distance, M is the local magnitude M(L) and C(i)’s are regression coefficients. The discussions of the attenuation characteristics of the ground motion at shorter distances and low magnitudes have been discussed. The comparison of strong ground motion at similar distances using relationships developed from higher magnitudes reveals the difference in the observed peak ground horizontal accelerations with respect to the strain levels involved in the generation of the respective earthquakes.
DTIC
Earth Movements; Gold
20100015008 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA
Seaweb Network for FRONT Oceanographic Sensors
Rice, Joseph A; Jan 2002; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-WR-20173
Report No.(s): AD-A516211; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516211
Our goal is to accomplish data telemetry and remote control for a set of widely spaced oceanographic sensors by using through-water acoustic signaling (telesonar) to form an undersea wireless network (Seaweb).
DTIC
Communication Networks; Detectors; Oceanography
20100015224 Department of the Army, Falls Church, VA USA
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of Frame of Choice for Retired Service Members
Camp, Jennifer J; Apr 20, 2009; 49 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516555; 31-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Department of Defense (DoD) provides basic eyewear to our nation’s military members. Although not specifically
121
entitled under Title X, military retirees historically also receive standard issue eyewear. The military’s Frame of Choice (FOC) program currently benefits the active duty population, but specifically excludes retirees. Five policy options were examined to address the military retiree dissatisfaction with the current benefit: status quo, elimination of the benefit, government funded
FOC for retirees, retirees purchase of FOC at cost, and a TRICARE optical benefit. When evaluated by the grading criteria of government cost, beneficiary cost, efficiency, effectiveness, and equality, the TRICARE optical benefit emerged as the most beneficial policy option. However, DoD policymakers must weigh all options to determine their best course of action in the current fiscal environment.
DTIC
Health; Military Personnel; Optical Properties; Optometry; Selection
20100015275 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Panama City, FL USA
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
Strand, Michael P; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIRP-N0001408WX20019
Report No.(s): AD-A516692; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
To be optimally useful, optical sensors designed and developed for AUVs should be small and should require minimal power. In addition, they should be low cost, since the AUV systems themselves must be low cost, and because the AUV might not always be recoverable. Never-the-less, they should provide imagery of sufficient quality to fulfill the crucial identification role in MCM. Identification quality imaging sensors, such as Streak Tube Imaging Lidar (STIL) and Laser Line Scan (LLS), have been developed for larger MCM platforms. These sensor systems are currently relatively large, expensive, and draw significant power, and so are not immediate candidates for small AUV platforms. These sophisticated sensor systems, however, have been specifically designed to effectively deal with the backscatter noise and blur/glow/forward scatter noise which typically limit the performance of underwater optical sensors. The thrust of the current effort is to investigate the optical sensor concepts which are designed to exploit the cooperative behavior between small AUVs, or between an AUV and a larger platform. Specifically, by exploiting cooperative behavior, optical sensor systems can utilize bistatic imaging approaches.
Bistatic imaging can be anticipated to provide major reductions in the backscatter noise which frequently limits the performance of low cost optical sensor systems. Since the bistatic aspect is the most fundamental change from other existing optical imaging sensors, this bistatic aspect - along with the required cooperative behavior - is the central thrust of the current effort.
DTIC
Autonomy; Countermeasures; Imaging Techniques; Optical Measuring Instruments; Underwater Vehicles
20100015276 Sequoia Scientific, Inc., Bellevue, WA USA
Backscattering and Polarization Properties of Marine Particles -- Instrument Development and Field Work
Agrawal, Yogesh; Boss, Emmanuel; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-C-0218
Report No.(s): AD-A516693; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Long-term goals: (i) Develop instruments for near-pi backscattering properties of particles in the near-pi region. (ii)
Quantify and understand the inherent optical properties (IOP’s) of natural particles in the near-pi angle range, with particular emphasis on polarization; (iii) Present the results in a manner useful to the Optics community. Objectives: Modify the
LISST-Back near-pi backscatter measuring instrument to add polarization measurement capabilities; Characterize and contrast natural particle scattering with scattering by spheres; Publish the observed properties in a manner accessible to the optics community. This work has relevance to interpreting LIDAR measurements of scattering from the coastal seas. The idea is to advance knowledge of backscattering cross-sections and polarization properties of non-spherical natural particles.
DTIC
Backscattering; Sediments
20100015283 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
Deas, Brian T; Mar 2010; 122 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516701; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
An un-biased range estimation algorithm was developed that countered errors caused by pulse shape effects in laser radar
(LADAR) systems. The Advanced Scientific Concepts FLASH LADAR created three-dimensional images by measuring
122
return intensity and time of flight for a single laser pulse. A range estimate was made by estimating the return time of flight from the peak amplitude of the return laser pulse. Range error estimates occurred when the shape of the measured return pulse deviated from the expected pulse shape. A normalized variable shaping correlation algorithm called NOVAS performed the correlation between the recorded waveforms and a robust set of Gaussian-based reference waveforms covering a wide range of pulse shapes and asymmetries. While NOVAS did not generate the most accurate range estimates due to noise sensitivity, it was able to produce an estimate of the average asymmetric pulse shape. The NOVAS generated average (NGA) asymmetric pulse shape produced a more accurate average range estimate than the NGA symmetric pulse shape in six of seven trials and produced a more accurate average range estimate with less variance than an arbitrarily chosen symmetric reference waveform in all of seven trials.
DTIC
Correlation Detection; Laser Range Finders; Optical Radar; Pulsed Lasers; Rangefinding; Shapes
20100015477 Defence Research and Development Suffield, Suffield, Alberta Canada
Current Flow Through Two Dimensional Arrays of Metal Nanoparticles as a Novel Sensor Platform
Pedersen, D. S.; Wang, S.; May 2009; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515494; DRDC-SUFFIELD-TM-2009-068; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information
Center (DTIC)
Exposure of nanoparticles of Ag to 2-CEES (2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide, a simulant of the sulfur mustard warfare agent) was found to cause a significant change in the film conduction characteristics that could be used as a sensitive method of detection. Ag nanoparticles deposited onto highly-ordered pyrolitic graphite, glass, and polyethylene substrates were found to form such films. Uptake of 2-CEES was irreversible and cumulative. The sensitivity and cumulative nature make the nanoparticle films most appealing as personal exposure indicators.
DTIC
Detectors; Nanoparticles
20100015523 Syracuse Univ., NY USA
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
Sarkar, Tapan K.; Yang, Jie; March 2010; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-04-1-0283; Proj-WADS; 61102F
Report No.(s): AD-A516179; AFRL-RY-RS-TR-2010-064; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516179
The goal of the research has been to develop and demonstrate spatially and temporally adaptive radio frequency (RF) sensor technology for application to air, space and ground systems operating in isolation or in concert with other sensor systems. The objective has been to be aware of the environment as it is critical to the process of spatial and temporal diversity via both transmit and receive. The idea here is to use the environment as part of the RF sensor system, thereby improving the transmission and reception efficiency. Improved target (air to ground) detection will be achieved under this effort. So not only polarization but also integration of the surrounding environment including the platform is used to optimize the performance for different radar configurations and geometries. Another aspect of the research had been on the design of waveforms for efficient spatial-temporal adaptively including the focusing of the transmitted energy on the target.
DTIC
Detectors; Modulation; Radio Frequencies; Targets; Tides; Transmitter Receivers; Waveforms
20100015527 Quantum Technology Services, Inc., Cocoa Beach, FL USA
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global Paths
Franks, Jill M; Pope, Brian M; Reed, Richard A; Jezard, Michael F; Kraft, Gordon D; Motlagh, Siroos; LeClaire, Steven J;
Antolik, Michael S; Henson, Anne S; Hutchenson, Kevin D; Sep 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8620-05-C-4301
Report No.(s): AD-A516184; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516184
Recent work with a prototype application for variable-period Rayleigh-wave magnitudes (Russell, 2006) has reported use of the Ms(VMAX) technique for periods between 8 and 25 seconds (Bonner et al., 2006a, 2006b, 2007). More recently, the technique has been extended to 40 seconds (Bonner, 2007). In all previous studies, the data were limited to continental paths
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and thoroughly reviewed. This study has attempted to evaluate an operational scenario whereby all surface-wave paths are considered. Two groups of data have been utilized, twenty-seven (27) shallow events from the Asian continent and a larger
(143 events) global event group with a broader depth range. All events have been reviewed by an analyst for validity. To obtain a better understanding of period and path effects, the data have been subdivided into three period ranges (8 - 17 seconds, 17
- 25 seconds, and 25 - 40 seconds) and separated by predicted group slowness into oceanic paths (slow 32.25 sec/deg), continental paths (slow 38.0 sec/deg), and mixed oceanic-continental paths (32.25 sec/deg less-than-or-equal-to slow less-than-or-equal-to 38.0 sec/deg). Past studies have demonstrated the Ms(VMAX) technique works well for continental paths between 8 and 25 seconds (Bonner et al., 2006b, 2007). This study shows stable results for all paths (oceanic, mixed, and continental) between 8 and 25 seconds. Since the data have been shown to be path independent, the Ms(VMAX) technique may provide an automated replacement for Ms, allowing the inclusion of regional stations with Airy phases and reducing the analyst burden.
DTIC
Rayleigh Waves; Magnitude; Surface Waves; Prototypes
20100015566 Haifa Univ., Israel
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
Setter, Pe’erly; Marciano, Hadas; Lipkin-Goldberg, Maya; Norman, Joel; January 2008; 44 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-D-6405; Proj-7184; 62202F
Report No.(s): AD-A516605; AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2010-0009; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This study examined the image interpretation performance of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery analysts on images that contained Assisted Target Recognition (ATR) designations. The purposes of the study were: 1) to compare the performance of the analysts using one of two magnification methods, a moving magnifier (simulated magnifying glass), or a magnification window at the side of the display; 2) to examine the benefit of adding an information window at the side of the display which included an optical image, a SAR image, and sketches of the vehicles used in the study. These two purposes were combined in the study’s design. The design consisted of two parts: in the first part, 25 analysts interpreted 72 images; and in the second part, the eye-movements of 9 analysts were monitored as they carried out the same task.
DTIC
Image Processing; Magnification; Radar Imagery
20100015604 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA
A Nanosensor for Explosives Detection Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) and Surfaced-Enhanced
Raman Scattering (SERS)
Holthoff, Ellen; Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra; March 2010; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516676; ARL-TR-5092; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be used as artificial recognition elements for target chemical analytes of interest. Molecular imprinting involves arranging polymerizable functional monomers around a template followed by polymerization and template removal. The selectivity for the target analyte is based on the spatial orientation of the binding site and covalent or noncovalent interactions between the functional monomer and the analyte. In a sensor format, the recognition event is monitored with some form of transduction. MIP technology is still in its infancy and limitations such as non-specific binding may be overcome using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as an integrated transduction method for enhanced sensor performance. Compared to other spectroscopic techniques employed with MIPs, SERS should be less affected by the cross-selectivity resulting from non-specific adsorption to the polymer. This report details the development of a MIP-SERS sensing platform for explosive targets.
DTIC
Explosives Detection; Raman Spectra
20100015671 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
Penanen, Konstantin I., Inventor; Eom, Byeong H, Inventor; Hahn, Inseob, Inventor; March 2, 2010; 17 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed April 30, 2008; US-Patent-7,671,587; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/113,130; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015671
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods are disclosed. They include a portable low field (SQUID)-based
124
MRI instrument and a portable low field SQUID-based MRI system to be operated under a bed where a subject is adapted to be located. Also disclosed is a method of distributing wires on an image encoding coil system adapted to be used with an
NMR or MRI device for analyzing a sample or subject and a second order superconducting gradiometer adapted to be used with a low field SQUID-based MRI device as a sensing component for an MRI signal related to a subject or sample.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Detection; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Superconducting Devices; Imaging Techniques; SQUID (Detectors)
20100015712 Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Hull, Ethan L.; Pehl, Richard H.; Lathrop, James R.; Mann, Peggy L.; Mashburn, Ronnie B.; Suttle, Bruce E.; Miley, Harry
S.; Aalseth, Craig E.; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Hossbach, Todd W.; Rybicki, George C.; Bucholtz, Jesse L.; Proceedings of 30th
Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008, pp. 772 - 777;
In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008,
Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516272; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516272
Compact maintenance-free mechanical cooling detector systems are being developed to operate large-volume
(approximately 570 cubic cm, approximately 3 kg, 140% or larger) germanium detectors for field applications. These detector systems are necessary for remote long-duration liquid-nitrogen free deployment of large-volume germanium gamma-ray detector systems. The Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA) nuclear explosion monitoring systems will benefit from the availability of such detector systems by allowing the very largest available germanium detectors to be utilized for the highest sensitivity measurements. To reliably provide such detector systems, three fundamental technical issues are being investigated: temperature, vacuum, and vibration. Two prototype detector systems (RASA 1 and RASA 2) have been developed, fabricated, and tested. The cryostats have been demonstrated to cool very large (slightly greater than 10(+)-cm long and 10-cm diameter) detectors to temperatures as low as 50 K. The vacuum design has been demonstrated to show no measurable degradation over long time periods. The detector systems have been demonstrated to successfully instrument high-purity germanium detectors. Microphonic noise from the vibrating cooler has been completely eliminated in one case, serving as a demonstration of the total detector system viability. Microphonic noise remains the largest technical issue for these detector systems. The third generation, RASA 3, design incorporates mechanical changes to eliminate microphonic noise issues.
DTIC
Cooling; Germanium; Nuclear Explosions
20100015722 Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL USA
Near-field nano-imager
Liu, Boyang, Inventor; Ho, Seng-Tiong, Inventor; January 19, 2010; 20 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC2-1363
Patent Info.: Filed September 18, 2008; US-Patent-7,649,166; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/233,273; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015722
An imaging device. In one embodiment, the imaging device includes a plurality of first electrode strips in parallel to each other along a first direction x, wherein each first electrode strip has an elongated body with a first surface and an opposite, second surface and a thickness n.sub.1. The imaging device also includes a plurality of second electrode strips in parallel to each other along a second direction y that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction x, wherein each second electrode strip has an elongated body with a first surface and an opposite, second surface and a thickness n.sub.2. The plurality of second electrode strips are positioned apart from the plurality of first electrode strips along a third direction z that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction x and the second direction y such that the plurality of first electrode strips and the plurality of second electrode strips are crossing each other accordingly to form a corresponding number of crossing points. And at each crossing point, a semiconductor component is filled between the second surface of a corresponding first electrode strip and the first surface of a corresponding second electrode strip to form an addressable pixel.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electrodes; Imaging Techniques; Near Fields
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20100015730 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL USA
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
Shedlock, Daniel, Inventor; Jacobs, Alan M., Inventor; Jacobs, Sharon Auerback, Inventor; Dugan, Edward, Inventor; January
5, 2010; 18 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNL05AF19P
Patent Info.: Filed April 30, 2008; US-Patent-7,643,611; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/112,892; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015730
A shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system includes at least one penetrating radiation source for providing a penetrating radiation field, and at least one partially transmissive radiation detector, wherein the partially transmissive radiation detector is interposed between an object region to be interrogated and the radiation source. The partially transmissive radiation detector transmits a portion of the illumination radiation field. A shadow aperture having a plurality of radiation attenuating regions having apertures therebetween is disposed between the radiation source and the detector. The apertures provide illumination regions for the illumination radiation field to reach the object region, wherein backscattered radiation from the object is detected and generates an image by the detector in regions of the detector that are shadowed by the radiation attenuation regions.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Apertures; Backscattering; Radiography
20100015750 Army Research Inst. for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, Fort Knox, KY USA
Asymmetric Attention: Visualizing the Uncertain Threat
Vowels, Christopher L.; March 2010; 58 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-A790; 622785
Report No.(s): AD-A516567; ARI-RR-1916; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report attempts to fuse Army needs, specific to threat detection, with available evidence from academia and military sources. The report provides viable routes for short-term enhancement of threat detection training and long-term goals of a research program dedicated to improving the Army’s understanding of threat detection. This review found two major avenues of research, visual attention and visual memory that would benefit research and understanding of attention and threat detection for current and future operational environments. Based on the review, at least three sequential skills are discussed as necessary for understanding and improving threat detection: attentiveness, recognition, and action. These skills orient and guide the
Soldier in operational settings from the basic perceptual process at the attentiveness stage up through higher-order reasoning at the action stage. Training formats are explored including still images and high-fidelity simulations, all of which could be scaffolded upon a deliberate practice framework.
DTIC
Asymmetry; Detection
20100015790 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and
Preliminary Tree Design
Rahman, Zia-ur; Jobson, Daniel J.; Woodell, Glenn A.; 5-9 Apr. 2010; 11 pp.; In English; SPIE Defense Security & Sensing
Symposium, 5-9 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNL07AA02A; WBS 609866.02.07.07.04
Report No.(s): NF1676L-10372; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015790
New foundational ideas are used to define a novel approach to generic visual pattern recognition. These ideas proceed from the starting point of the intrinsic equivalence of noise reduction and pattern recognition when noise reduction is taken to its theoretical limit of explicit matched filtering. This led us to think of the logical extension of sparse coding using basis function transforms for both de-noising and pattern recognition to the full pattern specificity of a lexicon of matched filter pattern templates. A key hypothesis is that such a lexicon can be constructed and is, in fact, a generic visual alphabet of spatial vision. Hence it provides a tractable solution for the design of a generic pattern recognition engine. Here we present the key scientific ideas, the basic design principles which emerge from these ideas, and a preliminary design of the Spatial Vision Tree
(SVT). The latter is based upon a cryptographic approach whereby we measure a large aggregate estimate of the frequency of occurrence (FOO) for each pattern. These distributions are employed together with Hamming distance criteria to design a two-tier tree. Then using information theory, these same FOO distributions are used to define a precise method for pattern
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representation. Finally the experimental performance of the preliminary SVT on computer generated test images and complex natural images is assessed.
Author
Pattern Recognition; Information Theory; Noise Reduction; Computer Graphics; Design Analysis; Engine Design; Image
Processing; Cryptography
20100015822 Georgia State Univ., Atlanta, GA USA
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at High Angular Resolution
Schaefer, Gail; Armstrong, Tom; Bender, Chad; Creech-Eakman, Michelle; Fekel, Francis; Franz, Otto; Hartkopf, William;
Hutter, Donald; Mason, Brian D; Monnier, John; Mason, Brian D; Monnier, John; Muterspaugh, Matthew; Prato, Lisa;
Ridgway, Stephen; Simon, Michal; Brummelaar, Theo; Wasserman, Lawrence; Zhao, Ming; Jan 2008; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516800; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516800
The mass of a star determines how it evolves throughout its lifetime from beginning to end. Understanding the fundamental relationships between stellar mass, luminosity, and radius over a range of metallicities from the current solar values to the extremely low metallicities representative of the early universe is essential to the study of stellar astrophysics.
This requires measuring high precision masses for stars over a wide range of evolutionary stages. Such masses can be obtained through mapping the three-dimensional orbits of binary stars. Continuing to apply this technique to shorter period binaries and to fainter or more distant systems over the next decade requires continued access to the highest angular resolution measurements, such as those achieved through long baseline optical/infrared interferometry.
DTIC
Angular Resolution; Binary Stars; High Resolution; Infrared Instruments
20100015845 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Costa, Russell; Wettergren, Thomas A; Jan 2007; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516861; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516861
In this paper we explore design issues in the deployment of distributed sensor networks (DSNs). In particular, the search performance of a notional surveillance network, and its dependence on sensor placement (for a fixed number of sensors) is studied. We describe a search objective for systems of sensors that utilize spatio-temporal techniques to combine individual sensor detections (which are spatially consistent with expected target behavior) in order to determine target existence in the field (track coverage). We utilize this objective in a genetic algorithm to optimize the search coverage as a function of the sensor density within a fixed search region. Target dynamics are treated as parameters with associated probability distributions, and enter the search objective as random parameters. We present several examples of optimal placement given target dynamics and sensor characteristics.
DTIC
Deployment; Detectors; Surveillance; Tradeoffs
20100015862 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
Arriagada, Manuel E; Mar 2010; 88 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-09EN135
Report No.(s): AD-A516935; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516935
Polarization decomposition techniques are applied to the polarization-dependent data to form colorful imagery that is easy for a human to interpret. Yet, the presumption is that the SAR system operates with maximum bandwidth requiring extensive processing for near- or real-time application. In this thesis, the author investigates the differences between the choices of color space when processing sparse SAR data with three scattering matrix decompositions (linear, Pauli and Krogager) to determine the best combination for accurate feature extraction. Hence, SAR imagery was computed for the combination of
127
decomposition techniques and color spaces. This set of SAR imagery allows the reader to have an abstract idea of the differences between the combination of decomposition techniques and color spaces.
DTIC
Color; Decomposition; Radar Imagery; S Matrix Theory; Synthetic Aperture Radar
20100015891 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA
Quantum Computing Graduate Research Program: Gradiometer INSQUID
Clarke, John; Aug 23, 2005; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0187
Report No.(s): AD-A517033; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517033
This project is focused on developing flux qubits, understanding sources of relaxation and decoherence, and investigating entanglement of two qubits. This report describes our progress toward these goals over the last three years. We outline the infrastructure of our experiment and chip fabrication process, and describe a novel, dual-current source to supply two independent flux biases to the qubits and readout SQUID. We present results showing quantum coherence in a flux qubit, including spectroscopy, Rabi oscillations, Ramsey fringes, spectroscopic linewidths, and spin echoes. The different kinds of decoherence times deduced from the last three experiments are shown to be self-consistent. We summarize a study of the effects of nonequilibrium quasi particles generated in the readout SQUID when it switches to the voltage state. These excess quasi particles are shown to persist for a remarkably long time, about I ms, and thus set an upper limit on the repetition rate at which data can be acquired. We describe the theory of a novel device for entangling two flux qubits by means of a single
SQUID that serves also as the readout device. It is shown that this scheme is in principle capable of the CNOT (Controlled
NOT) operation.
DTIC
Education; Fabrication; Quantum Computation; Research
20100015908 Wet Labs., Inc., Narragansett, RI USA
Surfzone Water Properties Sensor (SWAN)
Twardowski, Michael; Jan 2008; 15 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-M-0207; N00014-08-C-0658
Report No.(s): AD-A517090; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517090
The overall objective of this effort is to develop an inherently scalable solution for determining optical properties important for surfzone mine-countermeasures. For Phase I of the project, the objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach for measuring multi-spectral beam attenuation with a compact, inexpensive sensor. The key innovation is making a good quality measurement at low cost. Our objectives for Phase II include fabrication of complete Surfzone Water
Attenuation Node (SWAN) systems and testing multiple networked nodes in surf zone environments.
DTIC
Mine Detectors; Optical Properties; Regions; Water
20100016051 Rutgers - The State Univ., New Brunswick, NJ USA
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders During RIMPAC
Schofield, Oscar M; Glenn, Scott; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0129
Report No.(s): AD-A517424; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Characterizing in situ water turbidity is critical to numerous naval operations. In particular, water column turbidity impacts the efficacy of sensors that use optical measurements for a variety of purposes including laser detection of mines and prediction of the operational detection horizon for bioluminescence. To this end we have been developing an autonomous platform outfitted with this sensor package and reporting the data in near-real time prior to and during advance into a battle space. The endurance, water column coverage, stealth, and mobility of the Slocum Coastal Glider provides an ideal platform when coupled with the correct optical suite to accomplish this utility. During the MIREM 2004 and 2005 efforts we in collaboration with WetLabs and Metron have demonstrated that the Webb gliders are capable of carrying the optical sensors appropriate for mapping the incident optical conditions in mesotrophic coastal waters. Building on these accomplishments, our goal in 2006 was to demonstrate the capability of Webb gliders to characterize the optical properties in oligotrophic waters
128
within the nearshore operational zone of the 2006 RIMPAC field effort. In June and July of 2006 an exercise was conducted with the AQS-24 Laser Line Scan (LLS) system during the RIMPAC operation offshore Hawaii. Our goal was in support of this effort was to map the in-water optical properties to assess the potential, performance of the AQS-24 system. Specifically for the LLS, the performance issues to be focused on include the reacquisition and identification probabilities in a diverse range of coastal waters. Building off these efforts we during the 2008 RIMPAC effort flew three gliders and supported Glider operations of the NAVOOCEANO gliders.
DTIC
Coastal Water; Gliders; Optical Properties; Regions; Underwater Vehicles
20100016068 Miami Univ., FL USA
Laboratory Verification of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS): Particulate Volume Scattering Function and
Turbulence Properties of the Flow
Bogucki, Darek J; Jan 2008; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0302
Report No.(s): AD-A517455; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Our goal is an extensive tank validation of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS). This sensor uses a Hartman optical wavefront sensor to determine turbulence characteristics and to characterize the particulate field. The recent ocean trials indicate that the OTS surpasses in many ways current microstructure based instruments to quantify turbulence. Furthermore, it is able to measure particulate scattering for larger particles - particles larger 50 micron. In our effort we aim to develop methods to simultaneously quantify the flow turbulent parameters, scattering coefficient of embedded particulates and associated particulate flux.
DTIC
Optical Measuring Instruments; Particulates; Scattering Functions; Turbulence
20100016127 Academy of Sciences (Russia), Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote Sensing of Coastal Waters
Dolina, Irina; Dolin, Lev; Luchinin, Alexander; Levin, Iosif; Levina, Liza; Jan 2008; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0741
Report No.(s): AD-A517630; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The long-term goal of the Project is to develop robust inversion algorithms to extract estimates of the optical and physical properties of sea water layers, the sea floor, and the sea surface from LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) returns, and optical imagery of the ocean bottom and depths and to improve the quality of images of subsurface objects collected over the sea.
DTIC
Coastal Water; Optical Radar; Remote Sensing
20100016263 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection Method
Bulyshev, Alexander; Hines, Glenn; Vanek, Michael; Amzajerdian, Farzin; Reisse, Robert; Pierrottet, Diego; Apr. 5, 2010;
12 pp.; In English; Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection Method, 5-9 Apr. 2010, Orlando,
FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): NF1676L-9616; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016263
In this paper a new image processing technique for flash LIDAR data is presented as a potential tool to enable safe and precise spacecraft landings in future robotic or crewed lunar and planetary missions. Flash LIDARs can generate, in real-time, range data that can be interpreted as a 3-dimensional (3-D) image and transformed into a corresponding digital elevation map
(DEM). The NASA Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance (ALHAT) project is capitalizing on this new technology by developing, testing and analyzing flash LIDARs to detect hazardous terrain features such as craters, rocks, and slopes during the descent phase of spacecraft landings. Using a flash LIDAR for this application looks very promising, however through theoretical and simulation analysis the ALHAT team has determined that a single frame, or mosaic, of flash LIDAR data may not be sufficient to build a landing site DEM with acceptable spatial resolution, precision, size, or for a mosaic, in time, to meet current system requirements. One way to overcome this potential limitation is by enhancing the flash LIDAR output images. We propose a new super-resolution algorithm applicable to flash LIDAR range data that will create a DEM with
129
sufficient accuracy, precision and size to meet current ALHAT requirements. The performance of our super-resolution algorithm is analyzed by processing data generated during a series of simulation runs by a high fidelity model of a flash
LIDAR imaging a high resolution synthetic lunar elevation map. The flash LIDAR model is attached to a simulated spacecraft by a gimbal that points the LIDAR to a target landing site. For each simulation run, a sequence of flash LIDAR frames is recorded and processed as the spacecraft descends toward the landing site. Each run has a different trajectory profile with varying LIDAR look angles of the terrain. We process the output LIDAR frames using our SR algorithm and the results show that the achieved level of accuracy and precision of the SR generated landing site DEM is more than adequate for detecting hazardous terrain features and identifying safe areas.
Author
Imaging Techniques; Image Enhancement; Digital Data; High Resolution; Spatial Resolution; Real Time Operation; Optical
Radar; Lunar Maps; Image Processing
20100016276 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA USA
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated Target Recognition (ATR)
Horowitz, B. M.; Beling, P. A.; Reyes, I. O.; Devore, M. D.; February 2010; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-07-1-1113; Proj-6095
Report No.(s): AD-A516723; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This document is the final report for research on ATR Center RASER Grant FA8650-07-1-1113. The objective of this project was to expand the capabilities of model-based assisted/automated target recognition (ATR) systems by explicitly accommodating variation in shape and reflectance across elements of a broad target class. Work is set in the context of three-dimensional point-cloud data sets, such as LADAR or other structured light methods, and builds off a data representation model that represents measurement uncertainty probabilistically. Under this data model, the likelihood that a particular target gave rise to an observed point cloud can be computed using a collection of numerical integrations over the surface of a model of a target. Selection of the target with the largest likelihood then yields the classification result with the minimum probability of error (MPE) that can be achieved using a given sample of observed points. Our focus is on the study of anytime ATR algorithms, which are structured to support classification result queries that are placed at unknown, arbitrary times. A naive anytime algorithm based on the MPE decision rule can be defined in terms of round-robin calculations of likelihoods for observed points.
DTIC
Algorithms; Error Analysis; Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Numerical Integration; Optical Radar; Reflectance; Shapes;
Target Recognition
20100016367 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Signal Classification in Fading Channels Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Like, Eric; Chakravarthy, Vasu D.; Ratazzi, E. P.; Wu, Zhiqiang; July 2009; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-07-C-0155; Proj-07SB; 65502F
Report No.(s): AD-A516557; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-54; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Cognitive Radio (CR), a hierarchical Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) model, has been considered as a strong candidate for future communication systems improving spectrum efficiency utilizing unused spectrum of opportunity. However to ensure the effectiveness of dynamic spectrum access, accurate signal classification in fading channels at low signal to noise ratio is essential. In this paper, a hierarchical cyclostationary-based classifier is proposed to reliably identify the signal type of a wide range of unknown signals. The proposed system assumes no a priori knowledge of critical signal statistics such as carrier frequency, carrier phase, or symbol rate. The system is designed with a multistate approach to minimize the number of samples required to make a classification decision while simultaneously ensuring the greatest reliability in the current and previous stages. The system performance is demonstrated in a variety of multipath fading channels, where several multiantenna-based combining schemes are implemented to exploit spatial diversity.
DTIC
Classifications; Multipath Transmission; Signal Fading; Signal Processing; Spectra; Spectrum Analysis; Telecommunication
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36
LASERS AND MASERS
Includes lasing theory, laser pumping techniques, maser amplifiers, laser materials, and the assessment of laser and maser outputs.
For cases where the application of the laser or maser is emphasized see also the specific category where the application is treated. For related information see also 76 Solid-State Physics .
20100014924 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA USA
Analysis of Fundamental and Systematic Effects Limiting Hydrogen Maser Frequency Stability
Mattison, Edward M; Vessot, Robert F; Nov 1989; 13 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515914; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515914
The hydrogen maser is currently one of the most stable frequency standards currently available, providing frequency stabilities of several parts in 10(16) for averaging times of 10(3) - 10(4) seconds. Further improvement to the stability of hydrogen masers requires a comprehensive understanding of the relative magnitudes of physical processes that influence frequency stability. We discuss an approach to understanding a variety of thermodynamic and systematic processes that can affect maser frequency stability. This examination enables the maser researcher and user to identify stability-limiting effects and thus to choose areas where improvements could lead to increased stability. As is true with many complex systems, overall improvements can generally be gained only by attending simultaneously to a variety of factors. Improving one aspect of the maser will not significantly increase the frequency stability if variations in another area limits the stability to a level comparable to the first.
DTIC
Frequency Stability; Hydrogen Masers; Masers
20100014928 Sigma Tau Standards Corp., Tuscaloosa, AL USA
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency Switching Servos
Peters, H E; Owings, H B; Koppang, P A; Dec 1990; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515925; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515925
The stability of the free-running hydrogen maser is limited by pulling of the unperturbed hydrogen transition frequency due to instability of the cavity resonance frequency. Two automatic approaches to cavity stabilization have been used successfully in field operable atomic hydrogen masers in the past. One method is based upon the spin-exchange tuning procedure and was used in masers constructed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. The other method is the cavity frequency switching servo used on Sigma Tau Standards Corporation (STSC) hydrogen masers. While automatic spin exchange tuning is in principle the more basic and accurate method, the required beam intensity switching and the long servo time constant result in reduced stability for measuring intervals up to 10(6) seconds. More importantly, the spin-exchange tuning method requires a second stable frequency source as a reference, ideally a second hydrogen maser, to get the best results. The cavity frequency switching servo, on the other hand, has very little effect on the maser short term stability, and is just enough to correct for cavity drift while maintaining the cavity at the spin-exchange tuned offset required to minimize instability due to beam intensity fluctuations. Not only does the cavity frequency switching servo not require a second stable frequency source, but the frequency reference is the atomic hydrogen radiated beam signal, so that no extra RF connections need be made to the cavity, and externally generated signals that would perturb the hydrogen atom need not be transmitted through the cavity. In this paper we will discuss the operation of the cavity frequency switching stabilization method and will illustrate the transient response of the servo and certain other aspects of the technique that have potential for achieving improved basic accuracy.
DTIC
Cavities; Frequencies; Hydrogen Masers; Masers; Servomotors; Switching
20100015007 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator Down to at Least 8 HZ
Walker, Kris; Dzieciuch, Matthew; Zumberge, Mark; DeWolf, Scott; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-06-1-0002
Report No.(s): AD-A516202; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516202
An optical fiber infrasound sensor (OFIS) is a long compliant tube wrapped with two optical fibers that integrate pressure
131
variation along the length of the tube at the speed of light via laser interferometry. Here we only present the initial results of research conducted under this contract due to delays in the construction of the Camp Elliott OFIS array. All the field work has been completed, but the remainder of the data analysis will be completed in the next two months and presented in the associated poster. In this paper, we show that M-sequences transmitted via an array of 18-inch subwoofers comprise a portable infrasound sensor calibrator, which also permits in situ evaluation of wind noise reduction filters. For example, a comparison of a 60-m OFIS with a Bruel & Kjaer (B&K) microphone at a signal frequency of 50 Hz for a source 240 m away shows that the OFIS reduced wind and other types of undesirable noise by 18 dB over the B&K microphone with a standard sponge wind screen. An 8-subwoofer array at a range of 240 m yields a reliable calibration signal that smoothly decreases in power by a rate of 2.5 dB/Hz with decreasing frequency to 8 Hz, which is fairly remarkable given the 20 Hz rolloff frequency of the amplifier and speakers.
DTIC
Calibrating; Detectors; Infrasonic Frequencies; Lasers; Noise Reduction; Optical Fibers
20100015150 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA
Laser-Based Method for Docking an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle to a Submarine
Antonelli, Lynn T, Inventor; Feb 8, 2010; 27 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-D020438; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADD020438
An Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) docking system is provided in which the UUV is responsive to a first rotating light beam (which emits from a submarine) to begin a docking procedure. The UUV utilizes a photodetector to detect the first light beam and to guide the UUV toward the submarine by utilizing the first light beam. In one embodiment, the UUV reflects light from the first light beam back to the submarine. A photodetector on the submarine detects the reflected light to ascertain that the UUV is locked onto the first light beam. The submarine then stops rotating the light beam so that a trajectory of the
UUV heads in the direction of a docking station which is positioned on the submarine.
DTIC
Docking; Lasers; Underwater Vehicles
20100015161 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
Hackett, Shawn W; Mar 2010; 112 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516382; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This paper develops a three level model for a continuous wave diode pumped alkali laser by creating rate equations based on a three level system. Differential equations for intra-gain pump attenuation and intra-gain laser growth are developed in the fashion done by Rigrod. Using Mathematica 7.0, these di erential equations are solved numerically and a diode pumped alkali laser system is simulated.The results of the simulation are compared to previous experimental results and to previous computational results for similar systems. The absorption pro le for the three level numerical model is shown to have excellent agreement with previous absorption models. The lineshapes of the three level numerical model are found to be nearly identical to previous developments excepting those models assumptions. The three level numerical model provides results closer to experimental results than previous systems and provides results which observe effects not previously modeled, such as the effects of lasing on pump attenuation.
DTIC
Alkali Metal Compounds; Alkalies; Diodes; Laser Pumping; Lasers; Semiconductor Lasers; Simulation
20100015196 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
Bowers, James C; Mar 2010; 105 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516486; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
A methodology is developed for determining the validity of making a statistical turbulent approach using Kolmogorov theory to an aero-optical turbulent flow. Kolmogorov theory provides a stochastic method that has a greatly simplified and robust method for calculating atmospheric turbulence effects on optical beam propagation, which could simplify similar approaches to chaotic aero-optical flows. A 2-D laminar Navier-Stokes CFD Solver (AVUS) is run over a splitter plate type
132
geometry to create an aero-optical like shear mixing layer turbulence field. A Matlab algorithm is developed to import the flow data and calculates the structure functions, structure constant, and Fried Parameter (ro) and compares them to expected
Kolmogorov distributions assuming an r2/3 power law. The range of Cn2’s developed from the structure functions are not constant with separation distance, and ranged between 10-12-10-10. There is a consistent range of data overlap within the
Cn2’s derived from various methods for separation distances within the range 0.01m-0.02m. Within this range ro is found to be approximately 0.05m which is a reasonable value. This particular 2-D shear mixing layer was found to be non-Kolmogorov, but further grid refinement and data sampling may provide a more Kolmogorov-like distribution.
DTIC
Laser Beams; Light Beams; Mixing Layers (Fluids); Optical Properties; Shear Layers; Statistical Analysis; Turbulence;
Turbulence Effects
20100015291 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a Scramjet Engine
Carter, Campbell D; Gruber, M R; Rieker, G B; Jeffries, J B; Hanson, R K; Mathur, T; Feb 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308
Report No.(s): AD-A516713; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2055; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Fluctuations in temperature non-uniformity along the line-of-sight of a diode laser absorption sensor in a model scramjet are found to precede backpressure-induced unstart (expulsion of the isolator shock train). A novel detection strategy combining
Fourier analysis of temperature time series to determine low-frequency heat release fluctuations with simultaneous measurements of multiple absorption features of H2O to identify temperature non-uniformities was applied to the scramjet combustor. Time-resolved absorption is measured using wavelength modulation spectroscopy for three transitions chosen with different temperature-dependent absorption characteristics. The line-of-sight (LOS)-averaged temperature inferred from the ratio of absorption from one pair of transitions is highly sensitive to low-temperature nonuniformities along the absorption path while the other ratio is less sensitive. The fraction of fluctuations in the range 1 f 50 Hz is determined from short-time
Fourier transforms (STFTs) of the measured temperatures from both transition pairs.
DTIC
Combustion Chambers; Diodes; Lasers; Semiconductor Lasers; Stability; Supersonic Combustion Ramjet Engines
20100015599 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic Materials
Gottfried, Jennifer L.; February 2010; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516682; ARL-MR-0736; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The feasibility of a novel approach for studying the chemical reactions between metallic nanoparticles and molecular explosives has been demonstrated. This method is based on the production of nanoparticles in a laser-induced plasma and the simultaneous observation of the atomic and molecular emission characteristic of the species involved in the intermediate chemical reactions of the nanoenergetic material in the plasma. Time-resolved, broadband emission of chemical species involved in the reaction of RDX and various metal nanoparticles was observed. The increase in diatomic carbon (C2) and aluminum monoxide (AlO) emission with increasing aluminum (Al) content previously observed during an aluminized-RDX explosion in a shock tube was confirmed using this method. The time-evolution of species formation in the plasma, the effects of laser pulse energy, and the effects of trace metal content on chemical reactions were also studied.
DTIC
Charge Coupled Devices; Chemical Reactions; Explosives; Laser Materials; Pulsed Lasers
20100015754 NATO Research and Technology Organization, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Buteau, Sylvie; Ho, Jim; Lahaie, Pierre; Rowsell, Susan; Simard, Jean-Robert; Kadlcak, Jiri; Sgarzi, Germano; Tonini, Pietro;
VanDenHeuvel, Johan C.; Blatny, Janet Martha; Farsund, Oystein; Gran, Hans-Christian; Lovold, Stian; Rustad, Gunnar;
Sletmoen, Marit; Baxter, Karen; Castle, Michael; Foot, Emma Virginia Jane; Swim, Cynthia; Vanderbeek, Richard; February
2010; 82 pp.; In English; CD-ROM contains full text document in PDF format
Report No.(s): RTO-TR-SET-098; AC/323(SET-098)TP/265; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01 , CD-ROM; A05 , Hardcopy
Several stand-off biological detection technologies covering a broad region of the electromagnetic spectrum have been investigated under RTG-055. In order to compare the relative merits of each technology several field trials have been
133
conducted. Based upon the results of these activities the Task Group has made both near-term and long-term recommendations.
Author
Detection; Biological Weapons; Laser Applications; Laser Induced Fluorescence
20100015885 Northrop Grumman Corp., San Antonio, TX USA
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and Model Predictions for 1.54-mum
Near-Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
Cain, Clarence P; Schuster, Kurt J; Zohner, Justin J; Stockton, Kevin L; Stolarski, David J; Thomas, Robert J; Rockwell,
Benjamin A; Roach, William P; Mar 22, 2006; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F416240-02-D-7003; Proj-2312
Report No.(s): AD-A517019; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517019
Er:glass lasers have been in operation with both long pulses (hundreds of microseconds) and Q-switched pulses (50 to
100 ns) for more than 35 yr. The ocular hazards of this laser were reported early, and it was determined that damage to the eye from the 1.54-microns wavelength occurred mainly in the cornea where light from this wavelength is highly absorbed.
Research on skin hazards has been reported only in the past few years because of limited pulse energies from these lasers.
Currently, however, with pulse energies in the hundreds of joules, these lasers may be hazardous to the skin in addition to being eye hazards. We report our minimum visible lesion (MVL) threshold measurements for two different pulse durations and three different spot sizes for the 1.54-microns wavelength using porcine skin as an in vivo model. We also compare our measurements to results from our model, based on the heat transfer equation and the rate process equation. Our MVL-ED50 thresholds for the long pulse (600 microsecs) at 24 h postexposure were measured to be 20, 8.1, and 7.4 J cm2 for spot diameters of 0.7, 1.0, and 5 mm, respectively. Q-switched laser pulses of 31 ns had lower ED50 (estimated dose for a 50% probability of laser-induced damage) thresholds of 6.1 J cm(2) for a 5-mm-diam, top-hat spatial profile laser pulse.
DTIC
Cornea; Dependence; Glass Lasers; Laser Damage; Lesions; Mathematical Models; Pulse Duration; Pulsed Lasers
20100015886 Northrop Grumman Corp., San Antonio, TX USA
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Hayes, Kristy L; Thomas, Robert J; Pingry, Jr, Richard E; Mar 8, 2006; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-02-D-7003
Report No.(s): AD-A517020; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517020
Multiwavelength laser exposures pose unique safety challenges for both laser experts and users of laser systems. We describe two methods of optimizing optical density requirements for multiwavelength laser exposures. The problem is first formulated and solved using standard mathematical programming techniques, and the results are compared to those from a simplified algorithm. The result is a method that can be efficiently integrated into existing laser modeling and hazard analysis software. As an example, overall visible light transmittance is maximized while maintaining eye-safe viewing conditions during a multiwavelength exposure, simultaneously minimizing the total optical density required for sufficient laser eye protection. This optimization formulation helps laser system users determine the proper laser eye protection for safe viewing in multiwavelength laser environments.
DTIC
Laser Damage; Lasers; Optical Density; Optical Properties
20100015914 Metron, Inc., Reston, VA USA
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
Shirron, Joseph J; Giddings, Thomas E; Jan 2008; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-C-0070
Report No.(s): AD-A517110; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517110
The long-term goals of this effort are to provide reliable performance prediction and accurate system simulation capabilities for underwater electro-optical identification (EOID) systems. The Electro- Optical Detection Simulator (EODES) suite of numerical models developed under this program will predict the impact of environmental conditions, system parameters (e.g., apertures and PMT gains), and operational settings (e.g., platform speed and altitude) on system performance.
134
The models are designed to support mine countermeasures (MCM) mission planning, system design analysis, and operator training. It is anticipated that the performance prediction models will also be integrated into Tactical Decision Aids (TDAs), specifically the Mine Warfare Environmental Decision Aid Library (MEDAL) and/or the Environmental Post Mission
Analysis (EPMA) station. The two most prominent sensor technologies in this area are Laser Line Scan (LLS) and Streak Tube
Imaging Lidar (STIL). Examples of systems using these technologies are the AN/AQS-24 (using LLS) and a variant of the
AN/AQS-20 (using STIL) mine-hunting systems. High-fidelity models for these systems have already been incorporated into the EODES software. The EODES LLS model is currently undergoing quality assurance verification preliminary to its inclusion as a Navy Standard model in the Oceanographic and Atmospheric Master Library (OAML). The STIL model will be submitted to OAML upon further validation. The Airborne Laser Mine Detection System (ALMDS) also uses a STIL sensor to image underwater objects from an airborne platform. An ALMDS model will also be fully integrated into EODES after further development and validation. Our objectives are to develop and validate EOID models to compute reliable metrics for the prediction of system/operator performance, and for generating synthetic images of bottom scenes under given environmental conditions and operational settings.
DTIC
Countermeasures; Electro-Optics; Lasers; Performance Prediction; Prediction Analysis Techniques
20100015926 Notre Dame Univ., IN USA
Aero-Optical Investigation of a Pod Directed Energy System
Jumper, Eric J; Rennie, R M; Feb 28, 2010; 33 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0291; Proj-07PR0352300
Report No.(s): AD-A517215; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517215
This report covers the work performed under ONR Grant number N00014-07-1-0291, entitled Aero-Optical Investigation of a Pod Directed Energy System. As described herein, the initial effort investigated approaches to using passive flow control to mitigate the presence of shocks over the exit pupil of a relatively large aperture laser beam projected from an underbody pod for an F/A-18 aircraft up to flight Mach numbers of Mach 0.8, and still provide a large field of regard. During the course of the investigation, the Grant Technical Manager redirected our efforts toward studying the aero-optical environment imposed on a laser beam projected from a turret placed underneath a helicopter. The results of both of these studies presented in this report.
DTIC
Pods (External Stores); Weapon Systems
20100016070 Northrop Grumman Corp., San Antonio, TX USA
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and Representation
Bailey, Albert W; Early, Edward A; Keppler, Kenneth S; Villavicencio, Victor I; Kennedy, Paul; Thomas, Robert J; Zohner,
Justin J; Megaloudis, George; Feb 2008; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-02-D-7003; Proj-5020
Report No.(s): AD-A517458; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
With high-energy lasers, not only the direct laser beam can pose significant eye and skin hazards, but also light reflecting off material illuminated by the beam. Proper hazard analysis for a material irradiated by a laser relies upon the reflecting properties of the material surface, as these properties determine the magnitude and direction of the reflected laser energy commonly characterized by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function BRDF. However, a high-energy laser heating and possibly melting a material can change the reflecting properties of that material, so these changes must be included in the hazard analysis. Traditional methods for measuring the BRDFs of materials are not practical for measurement of materials with rapidly-changing surface properties. However, BRDF measurement by imagery of a witness screen allows for practical measurements of the dynamically-changing BRDFs of materials under high-energy laser irradiation. Using this technique, the dynamic BRDFs of stainless steel and copper were measured under high irradiance. The BRDF of the materials was observed to change in magnitude, width, and the specular direction. In some instances, this would result in an increase in exposure to the laser radiation for some observers over that which would be predicted using static BRDF measurements where the reflective characteristics of the material are assumed to be constant. For effective use in safety calculations, the dynamic
BRDFs need to be represented in a form suitable for use in safety analysis codes. Construction of a dynamic BRDF representation is complicated by the fact that data cannot be practically obtained over the entire range of incident and reflected angles or for all points in time. Therefore, a technique is required for interpolating through regions of missing data. A BRDF
135
representation form has been developed based on expansions in spherical harmonics in a transformed coordinate space. The efficacy of this representation is
DTIC
Bidirectional Reflectance; Distribution Functions; Irradiation; Laser Beams; Reflectance
37
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Includes mechanical devices and equipment; machine elements and processes. For cases where the application of a device or the host vehicle is emphasized see also the specific category where the application or vehicle is treated. For robotics see 63 Cybernetics,
Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics ; and 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support .
20100015159
Performance Evaluation of the ONR Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
Chesnakas, Christopher J; Donnelly, Martin J; Pfitsch, Don W; Becnel, Alan J; Schroeder, Seth D; Dec 2009; 89 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516369; NSWCCD-50-TR-2009/089; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Testing of a new design waterjet, the ONR Axial Flow Waterjet 2, was performed in the 36-Inch Variable Pressure Water
Tunnel at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division. These tests measured the pump powering performance and the pump cavitation performance. The test hardware, methodology, and results are presented here, along with comparisons to computational predictions. The test results are used to make predictions of the performance of four 9-foot diameter pumps installed in a notional 970 foot long JHSS, Joint High Speed Sealift, hullform with a maximum available power of 36 MW at each pump. The results are also used to predict the performance of the same ship using smaller 7.4-foot diameter pumps.
A method is also presented for making full-scale powering predictions using more detailed information from tow tank tests than is generally available.
DTIC
Evaluation; Flow Velocity; High Speed; Hydraulic Jets; Marine Transportation; Performance Tests
20100015488 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary Testing Results
Handschuh, Robert F.; Zabrajsek, Andrew J.; March 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.01.01.01
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216251; E-17238; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015488
A preliminary study has been completed to determine the feasibility of using high-pressure angle gears in aeronautic and space applications. Tests were conducted in the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) Spur Gear Test Facility at speeds up to 10,000 rpm and 73 N*m (648 in.*lb) for 3.18, 2.12, and 1.59 module gears (8, 12, and 16 diametral pitch gears), all designed to operate in the same test facility. The 3.18 module (8-diametral pitch), 28 tooth, 20deg pressure angle gears are the GRC baseline test specimen. Also, 2.12 module (12-diametral pitch), 42 tooth, 25deg pressure angle gears were tested. Finally 1.59
module (16-diametral pitch), 56 tooth, 35deg pressure angle gears were tested. The high-pressure angle gears were the most efficient when operated in the high-speed aerospace mode (10,000 rpm, lubricated with a synthetic turbine engine oil), and produced the lowest wear rates when tested with a perfluoroether-based grease. The grease tests were conducted at 150 rpm and 71 N*m (630 in.*lb).
Author
Greases; High Pressure; Gears; Turbine Engines; Wear; Oils
20100015646 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Two-axis joint assembly and method
Le, Thang D., Inventor; Lewis, James L., Inventor; Carroll, Monty B., Inventor; March 30, 2010; 9 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed December 18, 2007; US-Patent-7,686,529; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/958,908; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015646
In an embodiment, a two-axis joint that utilizes planar reactions to handle moments applied to the side of the joint thereby
136
allowing the device to remain low profile and compact with minimal intrusion to the mounting surface of the two-axis joint.
To handle larger moments, the diameter of the planar member can be increased without increasing the overall height of the joint assembly thereby retaining the low profile thereof. Upper and lower antifriction bearings may be positioned within a housing engage the planar member to reduce rotational friction. The upper and lower bearings and a hub which supports the planar member transfer forces produced by moments applied to the side of the joint so as to spread the forces over the area of the housing.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Antifriction Bearings; Friction Reduction; Intrusion
20100015648 Maryland Univ. Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD USA
System and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs
Shih, Yanhua, Inventor; March 23, 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-12227
Patent Info.: Filed March 15, 2005; US-Patent-7,684,015; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/079,266; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015648
A system and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs is provided. The present invention relies on the measurement of the second order correlation function of entangled states. Photons from an entangled photon source travel one-way to the clocks to be synchronized. By analyzing photon registration time histories generated at each clock location, the entangled states allow for high accuracy clock synchronization as well as high accuracy position determination.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Clocks; Synchronism; Correlation; Accuracy
20100015724 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Thermally driven piston assembly and position control therefor
Thomsen, III, Donald L., Inventor; Bryant, Robert G., Inventor; January 19, 2010; 11 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed March 8, 2006; US-Patent-7,647,771; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/374,480; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015724
A thermally driven piston assembly’s housing has (i) a first material slidingly fitted therein, and (ii) at least one plug of a second material slidingly fitted therein and abutting the first material. The first material is one (e.g., a liquid crystal elastomer) that undergoes a stiffness change and/or a dimensional change when subjected to a temperature change in the temperature range of interest. When subjected to the temperature change while in the housing, the first material is restricted to changing dimensionally along a single dimension. The second material retains its shape and size throughout the temperature range of interest. As a result, the plug moves in the housing in correspondence with the dimensional change of the first material or the plug’s movement is damped by the stiffness change of the first material.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Pistons; Temperature Effects; Polymers
20100016016 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Investigation of a Novel Compact Vibration Isolation System for Space Applications
Miller, Steven D; Mar 2010; 82 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517316; AFIT/GA/ENY/10-M07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
A novel compact vibration isolation system was designed, built, and tested for the Space Chromotomography Experiment
(CTEx) being built by Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT)researchers. CTEx is a multifunctional experimental imaging chromotomographic spectrometer designed for flight on the International Space Station (ISS) and is sensitive to jitter caused by vibrations both through the support structure as well as those produced on the optical platform by rotating optical components. CTEx demands a compact and lightweight means of vibration isolation and suppression from the ISS structure.
Vibration tests conducted on an initial isolator design resulted in changes in the chosen spring and damping material properties but confirmed finite element (FE) model results and showed that the spring geometry meets preliminary design goals. The FE model served as a key tool in evaluating material and spring designs and development of the final drawing sets for fabrication.
Research efforts led to a final design which was tested in the final flight configuration. This final configuration proved the
137
potential for a compact means of vibration isolation for space applications.
DTIC
Spectrometers; Technology Utilization; Vibration Isolators
20100016102 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Baldauff, R W; Kawecki, T; Purdy, W; Hoang, T T; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517559; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The potential increase in payload capability of Navy/DoD spacecraft resulting from advances in electronics miniaturization cannot be realized without concurrent advances in thermal management. More and more heat-dissipating electronics have to be packaged tightly in a smaller volume to compete with the other subsystems for limited spacecraft real estate. In a recent study, projection for the thermal requirement of future Navy spacecraft is about ten times that of today.
Current state-of-the-art technologies simply will not meet this demand. Accordingly, NRL’s Spacecraft Engineering
Department (SED) acquired external sponsorship to initiate a research and development effort in FY2007 in pursuit of an ammonia bearingless pump that enables the Thermal Control Subsystem (TCS) to enhance its heat transport capacity at least tenfold while retaining other operational attributes (e.g., reliability and long life).
DTIC
Ammonia; Pumps; Satellite Temperature; Spacecraft Environments; Temperature Control; Thermal Protection
20100016312 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
DeLay, Thomas K., Inventor; Patterson, James E., Inventor; Olson, Michael A., Inventor; January 5, 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-01146
Patent Info.: Filed May 20, 2004; US-Patent-7,641,949; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/857,379; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016312
A composite overwrapped pressure vessel is provided which includes a composite overwrapping material including fibers disposed in a resin matrix. At least first and second kinds of fibers are used. These fibers typically have characteristics of high strength and high toughness to provide impact resistance with increased pressure handling capability and low weight. The fibers are applied to form a pressure vessel using wrapping or winding techniques with winding angles varied for specific performance characteristics. The fibers of different kinds are dispersed in a single layer of winding or wound in distinct separate layers. Layers of fabric comprised of such fibers are interspersed between windings for added strength or impact resistance. The weight percentages of the high toughness and high strength materials are varied to provide specified impact resistance characteristics. The resin matrix is formed with prepregnated fibers or through wet winding. The vessels are formed with or without liners.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Composite Materials; Composite Wrapping; High Strength; Impact Resistance; Pressure Vessels
38
QUALITY ASSURANCE AND RELIABILITY
Includes approaches to, and methods for reliability analysis and control, quality control, inspection, maintainability, and standardization.
20100015401 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4 Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Parker, Bradford, H.; December 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2009-215850; Rept-2010-00980; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015401
Historically both sensitivity level 3 and sensitivity level 4 fluorescent penetrants have been used to perform NASA
Standard Level inspections of aerospace hardware. In April 2008, NASA-STD-5009 established a requirement that only sensitivity level 4 penetrants were acceptable for inspections of NASA hardware. Having NASA contractors change existing processes or perform demonstration tests to certify sensitivity level 3 penetrants posed a potentially huge cost to the Agency.
This study was conducted to directly compare the probability of detection sensitivity level 3 and level 4 penetrants using both
138
Method A and Method D inspection processes. The study results strongly support the conclusion that sensitivity level 3 penetrants are acceptable for NASA Standard Level inspections
Author
Inspection; Quality Control; Nondestructive Tests; Cracks; Penetrants; Probability Theory; Metal Fatigue; Detection
20100015586 NASA, Washington, DC, USA
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
Dezfuli, Homayoon; April 7, 2010; 29 pp.; In English; Eighth Space System Risk Management Symposium, 7-8 Apr. 2010,
El Segundo, CA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): STI 10-039; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015586
This slide presentation reviews the evolution of risk management (RM) at NASA. The aim of the RM approach at NASA is to promote an approach that is heuristic, proactive, and coherent across all of NASA. Risk Informed Decision Making
(RIDM) is a decision making process that uses a diverse set of performance measures along with other considerations within a deliberative process to inform decision making. RIDM is invoked for key decisions such as architecture and design decisions, make-buy decisions, and budget reallocation. The RIDM process and how it relates to the continuous Risk
Management (CRM) process is reviewed.
CASI
Decision Making; Policies; Risk; Risk Management; Risk Assessment; Management Methods
20100015617 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
Lutz, Robyn; Mikulski, Carmen; July 29, 2003; 17 pp.; In English; NASA Office of Safety and Mission Assurance Software
Assurance Symposium (OSMA), 29 Jul. - 1 Aug. 2003, Morgantown, WV, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41499
This slide presentation reviews the concept of using Orthogonal Defect Classification (ODC) to identify pre-launch anomalies in software. The goals of this work are: (1) To characterize pre-launch software anomalies, using data from multiple spacecraft projects, by means of a defect-analysis technology, Orthogonal Defect Classification (ODC). (2) To support transfer of ODC to NASA projects through applications and demonstrations. Approach: Analyzed anomaly data using adaptation of
Orthogonal Defect Classification (ODC) method. This project has adapted ODC for NASA use and applied to NASA projects.
CASI
Software Engineering; Software Reliability; Computer Programming; Reliability Analysis; Computer Systems Performance;
Program Verification (Computers)
20100016292 Schuessler (Philipp WH) Consulting, Greenville, NY, USA
Environmental Stress Testing of the Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis
(IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis (RGA)
Schuessler, Philipp WH; October 30, 2010; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG08L76P; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016292
In August 2008, Schuessler Consulting was contracted by NASA GSFC in support of the NASA Electronic Parts and
Packaging (NEPP) program to perform two separate studies on moisture laden air in a stainless steel cylinder that had been designed to become a consensus standard for Test Method 1018. This Test Method was originally released for hybrids under
Mil. Std. 883 but was quickly utilized on other microelectronic devices under the auspice of Mil. Std. 750. The cylinder had subsequently been fabricated for the 750 community. It was back-filled with moist air and subsequently analyzed over a period of time under a previous NASA contract. It had been shown that moisture in the 4000 - 5000 ppm range could be analyzed rather precisely with a mass spectrometer, commonly referred to as a Residual Gas Analyzer (RGA). The scope of this study was to ascertain if the composition and precision varied as a function of thermal shock at sub-zero temperatures and whether there was consensus when the standard was submitted to other RGA units. It was demonstrated and published that the consensus standard would yield precise RGA data for moisture within +/- 1% when optimized for a given RGA unit. It has been subsequently shown in this study at Oneida Research Services, that sub-zero storage did not affect that precision when
139
a well-defined protocol for the analysis was followed. The consensus standard was taken to a second facility for analysis where it was found that moisture adsorption on the transfer lines caused precision to drop to +/- 12%. The Single Sample Cylinder
(SSC) is a one liter stainless steel cylinder with associated sampling valves and has considerable weight and volume. But this considerable size allows for approximately 300 gas samples of the same composition to be delivered to any RGA unit. Lastly, a smaller cylinder, approximately 75 cc, of a second consensus standard was fabricated and tested with a different mix of fixed gases where moisture was kept in the 100 ppm range. This second standard has the potential of providing 30 gaseous samples and can be readily shipped to any analytical facility that desires to generate comparison RGA data. A series of comparison residual gas analyses was performed at the Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies facility in the National Nuclear
Facility Administration s plant in Kansas City to complete this project. It was shown that improvements in the precision of a given RGA unit can be done by controlling the cycle time for each analysis and increasing analysis temperatures to minimize moisture adsorption. It was also found that a ‘one time event’ in the subzero storage of the large SSC did not effect the units ability to continuously supply precise samples of the same chemistry, however the ‘event’ caused a permanent +8% shift in the reported value of the moisture content. Lastly, a set of SSC RGA results was plotted on a common graph with DSCC
‘correlation study’ RGA data. The result demonstrates the ability of the SSC to remove many of the individual variances that single, individual samples introduce. The consensus standards are now in storage at Oneida Research Services, one of the
DSCC certified houses that does RGA to Military Standards, where they await future studies. The analytical data and the operational parameters of the instruments used are provided in the following discussion. Limitations and suggested means for improvement of both precision and accuracy are provided.
Author
Environment Effects; Gas Analysis; Gas Detectors; Moisture Content; Residual Gas; Thermal Shock; Low Temperature;
Cylindrical Chambers; Test Chambers
39
STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
Includes structural element design, analysis and testing; dynamic responses of structures; weight analysis; fatigue and other structural properties; and mechanical and thermal stresses in structures. For applications see 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance ; and
18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance .
20100014819 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an Accelerating Launch-Vehicle Fuel Tank
Nemeth, Michael P.; March 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.04.07.01.13
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216681; NF1676L-10237; L-19835; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014819
A detailed derivation of the equations governing the pressure in a generic liquid-fuel launch vehicle tank subjected to uniformly accelerated motion is presented. The equations obtained are then for the Space Shuttle Superlightweight
Liquid-Oxygen Tank at approximately 70 seconds into flight. This generic derivation is applicable to any fuel tank in the form of a surface of revolution and should be useful in the design of future launch vehicles
Author
Liquid Oxygen; Fuel Tanks; Structural Design; Launch Vehicles; Liquid Fuels; Pressure Distribution
20100015405 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Combined Load Test Fixture
Baker, Donald J.; March 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.07.15.15
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216211; ARL-TR-5149; NF1676L-10281; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015405
A test fixture has been developed at NASA Langley Research Center that has the capability of applying compression load and shear load simultaneously to a test specimen. The test specimen size is 24-inches by 28-inches. This report describes the test specimen design, test specimen preparation, fixture assembly in the test machine, and a test operation plan.
Author
Compression Loads; Fixtures; Load Tests; Loads (Forces)
140
20100015447 Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA USA
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich Panels
Naito, Clay J.; Hoemann, John M.; Bewick, Bryan T.; Hammons, Michael I.; December 2009; 37 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4918-07-D-0001; Proj-4915
Report No.(s): AD-A516054; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516054
Protection against blast loads has become a high priority for many government agencies. Blast retrofitting and structural hardening, much like earthquake retrofits, can prove to be costly. For this reason, it is important to understand that any structural element has an inherent capacity to absorb energy and provide some level of protection. An evaluation of an existing structure may allow a designer to utilize the full absorption capacity of a structural element, precluding the need for a blast-specific retrofit. To illustrate this concept, the blast resistances of non-load bearing precast/prestressed or tilt-up concrete sandwich wall panels (WP) are examined. These components are used extensively in modern construction for cladding of framed building systems and often provide a significant level of protection from blast events.
DTIC
Blast Loads; Concretes; Connectors; Insulation; Sandwich Structures
20100015470 Joint Committee on Tactical Shelters, Natick, MA USA
Strategic Alliances: Government and Industry
Lagoon, Amy S.; Biszko, Laura; November 3, 2009; 18 pp.; In English; 6th Bi-Annual DOD JOCOTAS Meeting with Rigid and Soft Wall Shelter Industry and Indoor and Outdoor Exhibition, 2 - 4 Nov. 2009, Panama City Beach, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515052; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515052
Overview: JOCOTAS: technology vision; total life cycle involvement, alliances with industry: Purpose; strategic alliances: what makes a success? Working with the government; shelter systems: direction and future. The technical vision of
JOCOTAS is to advance the state of the art in shelter design and shelter ancillary equipment; search for common solutions to identified user needs; eliminate duplication of shelter RDT&E; share information and shelter expertise to solve problems and to promote evolutionary change.
DTIC
Industries; Military Technology; Shelters
20100015847 Army Construction Engineering Research Lab., Champaign, IL USA
Sustainable Materials Replacement for Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis, WA
Lampo, Richard G; Napier, Thomas R; Schneider, Richard L; Aug 2009; 75 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIPR-6FCERB1020; MIPR-6H6AG3CPC1; Proj-FAR21
Report No.(s): AD-A516863; ERDC/CERL-TR-09-25; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516863
This report documents a building reclamation project at Fort Lewis, WA, in which significant portions of the work were completed using market-available sustainable replacement materials. The replacement materials were selected on the basis of their being more resistant to corrosion and materials degradation processes than conventional construction materials, and also because they also are expected to provide long-term benefits to the U.S. Army in terms of operation and maintenance cost reductions. The demonstration was applied to the reclamation and renovation of a World War II-era temporary wood frame chapel building, which was otherwise slated for demolition and off post landfill disposal. The structure was moved intact from its original site to the Sequalitchew EcoPark at Fort Lewis, to be renovated and reused as the installation’s new Environmental
Education and Conference Center (E2C2). This report describes project objectives, materials selection, and renovation activities to date. Existing performance data was compiled and reviewed, and selected physical testing will be conducted once all installation activities are complete. A return-on-investment analysis will be performed to verify the life-cycle cost benefits projected for the project in terms of operations and maintenance cost benefits, including the control and prevention of corrosion and building materials degradation.
DTIC
Corrosion; Corrosion Resistance; Installing; Prevention; Reclamation; Replacing; Restoration
141
20100015910 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric, Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded, Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
Hull, Andrew J; Jan 11, 2010; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-04708
Report No.(s): AD-A517094; NUWC-NPT-TR-11904; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517094
A fully elastic model of a transversely isotropic, fluid-loaded cylindrical shell is derived. The model is based on transversely isotropic equations of motion in the cylindrical coordinate system. Using the radial and longitudinal equations of motion, two free wavenumbers of the shell are determined, allowing the displacement field of the shell to be written as a linear expression with four unknown wave propagation coefficients. These displacements are used in the stress boundary conditions, where the fluid loading and the external forcing are added to the model. This produces a four-by-four system of equations that can be solved to obtain a solution to the wave propagation coefficients. This solution gives a known displacement field, a known inner pressure field, and a known outer pressure field. The model is validated using two previously derived shell models. An example is included to illustrate the model output where the specific interest is on the transfer function of inner pressure divided by external radial pressure and inner pressure divided by external longitudinal pressure. Finally, the
MATLAB code used to generate this model is included for future use.
DTIC
Cylindrical Shells; Dynamic Models; Elastic Shells; Isotropism; Isotropy
20100016021 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Federal Building and Facility Security
Reese, Shawn; Tong, Lorraine H; Mar 24, 2010; 21 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517334; CRS-R41138; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The security of federal government buildings and facilities affects not only the daily operations of the federal government but also the health, well-being, and safety of federal employees and the public. Recent congressional action concerning the security of federal buildings includes P.L. 111-83 (FY2010 appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security), which addressed the issue of the transfer of the Federal Protective Service from Immigration and Customs Enforcement to the
National Protection and Programs Directorate. For the purposes of this report, federal facilities include any building leased or owned by the General Services Administration. In FY2007, the federal government’s real property portfolio comprised
446,000 buildings with an area of 3.3 billion square feet and a replacement value of $772.8 billion. Security of federal facilities includes physical security assets such as closed-circuit television cameras, barrier material, and security guards (both federally employed and contracted). Federal facility security practices have been subject to criticism by government auditors and security experts. Elements that have received criticism include the use of private security guards, the management and security practices of the Federal Protective Service, and the coordination of federal facility security.
DTIC
Buildings; Personnel; Protection; Security; United States
20100016259 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
Schultz, Marc R.; Nemeth, Michael P.; [2010]; 20 pp.; In English; FROM 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures,
Structural dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 136905.02.04.04.16.06
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper-2010-2531; LF99-9197; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016259
Structural stability is a major consideration in the design of lightweight shell structures. However, the theoretical predictions of geometrically perfect structures often considerably over predict the buckling loads of inherently imperfect real structures. It is reasonably well understood how the shell geometry affects the imperfection sensitivity of axially compressed cylindrical shells; however, the effects of shell anisotropy on the imperfection sensitivity is less well understood. In the present paper, the development of an analytical model for assessing the imperfection sensitivity of axially compressed orthotropic cylinders is discussed. Results from the analytical model for four shell designs are compared with those from a general-purpose finite-element code, and good qualitative agreement is found. Reasons for discrepancies are discussed, and potential design implications of this line of research are discussed.
Author
Buckling; Cylindrical Shells; Mathematical Models; Orthotropic Cylinders; Sensitivity; Axial Compression Loads; Defects
142
20100016261 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Haynie, Waddy T.; Hilburger, Mark W.; [2010]; 22 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural
Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.04.07.01.13
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper -2010-2532; LF99-9209; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016261
Results from a numerical study of the buckling response of two different orthogrid stiffened circular cylindrical shells with initial imperfections and subjected to axial compression are used to compare three different lower bound buckling load prediction techniques. These lower bound prediction techniques assume different imperfection types and include an imperfection based on a mode shape from an eigenvalue analysis, an imperfection caused by a lateral perturbation load, and an imperfection in the shape of a single stress-free dimple. The STAGS finite element code is used for the analyses. Responses of the cylinders for ranges of imperfection amplitudes are considered, and the effect of each imperfection is compared to the response of a geometrically perfect cylinder. Similar behavior was observed for shells that include a lateral perturbation load and a single dimple imperfection, and the results indicate that the predicted lower bounds are much less conservative than the corresponding results for the cylinders with the mode shape imperfection considered herein. In addition, the lateral perturbation technique and the single dimple imperfection produce response characteristics that are physically meaningful and can be validated via testing.
Author
Buckling; Circular Cylinders; Loads (Forces); Prediction Analysis Techniques; Vibration Mode; Perturbation; Cylindrical
Shells
20100016271 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor, Internal Pressure and Material on the Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Lovejoy, Andrew E.; Hilburger, Mark W.; Chunchu, Prasad B.; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/
ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.04.07.01.13
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper-2010-2778; Tracking No. 210774; NF1676L-9232; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016271
A design study was conducted to investigate the effect shell buckling knockdown factor (SBKF), internal pressure and aluminum alloy material selection on the structural weight of stiffened cylindrical shells. Two structural optimization codes were used for the design study to determine the optimum minimum-weight design for a series of design cases, and included an in-house developed genetic algorithm (GA) code and PANDA2. Each design case specified a unique set of geometry, material, knockdown factor combinations and loads. The resulting designs were examined and compared to determine the effects of SBKF, internal pressure and material selection on the acreage design weight and controlling failure mode. This design study shows that use of less conservative SBKF values, including internal pressure, and proper selection of material alloy can result in significant weight savings for stiffened cylinders. In particular, buckling-critical cylinders with integrally machined stiffener construction can benefit from the use of thicker plate material that enables taller stiffeners, even when the stiffness, strength and density properties of these materials appear to be inferior.
Author
Buckling; Cylindrical Shells; Stiffness; Pressure Effects; Internal Pressure; Failure Modes; Loads (Forces); Structural Weight;
Aluminum Alloys
20100016272 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from Nano- to Micro-Scales
Glaessgen, Edward H.; Saether, Erik; Hochhalter, Jake D.; Yamakov, Vesselin I.; Apr. 12, 2010; 21 pp.; In English; 51st
AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL,
USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 698259.02.07.07.03.01
Report No.(s): NF1676L-9237; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016272
Several efforts that are aimed at understanding the plastic deformation mechanisms related to crack propagation at the
143
nano-, meso- and micro-length scales including atomistic simulation, discrete dislocation plasticity, strain gradient plasticity and crystal plasticity are discussed. The paper focuses on discussion of newly developed methodologies and their application to understanding damage processes in aluminum and its alloys. Examination of plastic mechanisms as a function of increasing length scale illustrates increasingly complex phenomena governing plasticity
Author
Plastic Deformation; Crack Propagation; Crack Tips; Plastic Properties; Damage; Gradients
20100016313 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-Edge Panels
Raju, Ivantury S.; Phillips, Dawn R.; Knight, Norman F., Jr.; Song, Kyongchan; Apr. 12, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; FROM
51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando,
FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.01.07.01.01
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-2689; NF1676L-10337; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016313
Fracture mechanics analyses of subsurface defects within the joggle regions of the Space Shuttle wing-leading-edge RCC panels are performed. A 2D plane strain idealized joggle finite element model is developed to study the fracture behavior of the panels for three distinct loading conditions - lift-off and ascent, on-orbit, and entry. For lift-off and ascent, an estimated bounding aerodynamic pressure load is used for the analyses, while for on-orbit and entry, thermo-mechanical analyses are performed using the extreme cold and hot temperatures experienced by the panels. In addition, a best estimate for the material stress-free temperature is used in the thermo-mechanical analyses. In the finite element models, the substrate and coating are modeled separately as two distinct materials. Subsurface defects are introduced at the coating-substrate interface and within the substrate. The objective of the fracture mechanics analyses is to evaluate the defect driving forces, which are characterized by the strain energy release rates, and determine if defects can become unstable for each of the loading conditions.
Author
Carbon-Carbon Composites; Wing Panels; Fracture Mechanics; Aerodynamic Loads; Leading Edges; Pressure Distribution;
Space Shuttles; Thermodynamics; Finite Element Method
20100016315 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley Research Center
Ransom, Jonathan B.; Glaessgen, Edward H.; Ratcliffe, James G.; Apr. 12, 2010; 33 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/
ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.08.01.07.43
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-2560; NF1676L-10388; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016315
Engineering fracture mechanics has played a vital role in the development and certification of virtually every aerospace vehicle that has been developed since the mid-20th century. NASA Langley Research Center s Durability, Damage Tolerance and Reliability Branch has contributed to the development and implementation of many fracture mechanics methods aimed at predicting and characterizing damage in both metallic and composite materials. This paper presents a selection of computational, analytical and experimental strategies that have been developed by the branch for assessing damage growth under monotonic and cyclic loading and for characterizing the damage tolerance of aerospace structures
Author
Fracture Mechanics; Mechanical Engineering; Aircraft Structures; Composite Materials; Cyclic Loads; Durability
20100016317 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Snap-Through Instability Patterns in Truss Structures
Hrinda, Glenn A.; Apr. 12, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 12-15 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 599489.02.07.07.09.12.01
Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-2611; NF1676L-9921; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016317
Geometrically nonlinear truss structures with snap-through behavior are demonstrated by using an arc length approach
144
within a finite element analysis. The instability patterns are equilibrium paths that are plotted throughout the snap-through event. Careful observation of these patterns helps to identify weak designs in large space structures, as well as identify desirable snap-through behavior in the miniaturization of electronic devices known as microelectromechanical systems
(MEMS). Examples of highly nonlinear trusses that show snap-through behavior are examined by tracing their equilibrium paths.
Author
Microelectromechanical Systems; Trusses; Large Space Structures; Stability
42
GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to the Earth sciences, and the specific areas of petrology, mineralogy, and general geology. For other specific topics in geosciences see categories 42 through 48 .
20100015686 Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA, USA
Modeling Activities in the Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
Fast, J. D.; Ghan, S. J.; Schwartz, S. E.; March 2009; 40 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-966650; PNNL-18752; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Science Program (ASP) conducts research pertinent to radiative forcing of climate change by atmospheric aerosols. The program consists of approximately 40 highly interactive peer-reviewed research projects that examine aerosol properties and processes and the evolution of aerosols in the atmosphere. Principal components of the program are instrument development, laboratory experiments, field studies, theoretical investigations, and modeling.
The objectives of the Program are to 1) improve the understanding of aerosol processes associated with light scattering and absorption properties and interactions with clouds that affect Earth’s radiative balance and to 2) develop model-based representations of these processes that enable the effects of aerosols on Earth’s climate system to be represented properly in global-scale numerical climate models. Although only a few of the research projects within ASP are explicitly identified as primarily modeling activities, modeling actually comprises a substantial component of a large fraction of ASP research projects. This document describes the modeling activities within the Program as a whole, the objectives and intended outcomes of these activities, and the linkages among the several modeling components and with global-scale modeling activities conducted under the support of the Department of Energy’s Climate Sciences Program and other aerosol and climate research programs.
NTIS
Aerosols; Atmospheric Chemistry; Atmospheric Physics; Climate Models; Meteorology
43
EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
Includes remote sensing of earth features, phenomena and resources by aircraft, balloon, rocket, and spacecraft; analysis of remote sensing data and imagery; development of remote sensing products; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography .
20100014806 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the SERVIR Project
Policelli, Frederick S.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; XIV Brazilian Remote Sensing Symposium, 26-30 Apr. 2010, Natal, Brazil;
No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The United Nations University (UNU) estimates that floods presently impacts greater than 520 million people per year worldwide, resulting in up to 25,000 annual deaths, extensive homelessness, disaster-induced disease, crop and livestock damage, famine, and other serious harm. Meanwhile, aid agencies such as the International Federation of Red Cross and Red
Crescent Societies (IFRC) are increasingly seeking better information concerning flood hazards in order to plan for and help mitigate the effects of damaging floods. There is fertile ground to continue development of better remote sensing and modeling techniques to help manage flood related disasters. Disaster management and humanitarian aid organizations need accurate and timely information for making decisions regarding deployment of relief teams and emergency supplies during major floods.
Flood maps based on the use of satellite data have proven extremely valuable to such organizations for identifying the location, extent, and severity of these events. However, despite extraordinary efforts on the part of remote sensing data providers to
145
rapidly deliver such maps, there is typically a delay of several days or even weeks from the on-set of flooding until such maps are available to the disaster management community. This paper summarizes efforts at NASA to address this problem through development of an integrated and automated process of a) flood forecasting b) flood detection, c) satellite data acquisition, d) rapid flood mapping and distribution, and e) validation of flood forecasting and detection products.
Author
Flood Plains; Floods; Forecasting; Identifying; Remote Sensing; Flood Predictions
20100014828 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Improved Determination of Surface and Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
Susskind, Joel; Blaisdell, John; Iredell, Lena; [2010]; 4 pp.; In English; IGARSS 2010, 25-30 Jul. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA;
Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014828
AIRS was launched on EOS Aqua on May 4, 2002 together with ASMU-A and HSB to form a next generation polar orbiting infrared and microwave atmosphere sounding system (Pagano et al 2003). The theoretical approach used to analyze
AIRS/AMSU/HSB data in the presence of clouds in the AIRS Science Team Version 3 at-launch algorithm, and that used in the Version 4 post-launch algorithm, have been published previously. Significant theoretical and practical improvements have been made in the analysis of AIRS/AMSU data since the Version 4 algorithm. Most of these have already been incorporated in the AIRS Science Team Version 5 algorithm (Susskind et al 2010), now being used operationally at the Goddard DISC. The
AIRS Version 5 retrieval algorithm contains three significant improvements over Version 4. Improved physics in Version 5 allowed for use of AIRS clear column radiances (R(sub i)) in the entire 4.3 micron CO2 absorption band in the retrieval of temperature profiles T(p) during both day and night. Tropospheric sounding 15 micron CO2 observations were used primarily in the generation of clear column radiances (R(sub i)) for all channels. This new approach allowed for the generation of accurate Quality Controlled values of R(sub i) and T(p) under more stressing cloud conditions. Secondly, Version 5 contained a new methodology to provide accurate case-by-case error estimates for retrieved geophysical parameters and for channel-by-channel clear column radiances. Thresholds of these error estimates are used in a new approach for Quality
Control. Finally, Version 5 contained for the first time an approach to provide AIRS soundings in partially cloudy conditions that does not require use of any microwave data. This new AIRS Only sounding methodology was developed as a backup to
AIRS Version 5 should the AMSU-A instrument fail. Susskind et al 2010 shows that Version 5 AIRS Only sounding are only slightly degraded from the AIRS/AMSU soundings, even at large fractional cloud cover.
Derived from text
Algorithms; Atmospheric Sounding; Atmospheric Temperature; Microwave Sounding; Surface Temperature; Earth
Observations (From Space); Remote Sensing; Data Products
20100014876 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA Earth Science Applications
Tilton, James C.; March 27, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Capital Science 2010, 27-28 Mar. 2010, Arlington, VA, USA; No
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
NASA collects large volumes of imagery data from satellite-based Earth remote sensing sensors. Nearly all of the computerized image analysis of this data is performed pixel-by-pixel, in which an algorithm is applied directly to individual image pixels. While this analysis approach is satisfactory in many cases, it is usually not fully effective in extracting the full information content from the high spatial resolution image data that s now becoming increasingly available from these sensors.
The field of object-based image analysis (OBIA) has arisen in recent years to address the need to move beyond pixel-based analysis. The Recursive Hierarchical Segmentation (RHSEG) software developed by the author is being used to facilitate moving from pixel-based image analysis to OBIA. The key unique aspect of RHSEG is that it tightly intertwines region growing segmentation, which produces spatially connected region objects, with region object classification, which groups sets of region objects together into region classes. No other practical, operational image segmentation approach has this tight integration of region growing object finding with region classification This integration is made possible by the recursive, divide-and-conquer implementation utilized by RHSEG, in which the input image data is recursively subdivided until the image data sections are small enough to successfully mitigat the combinatorial explosion caused by the need to compute the dissimilarity between each pair of image pixels. RHSEG’s tight integration of region growing object finding and region classification is what enables the high spatial fidelity of the image segmentations produced by RHSEG. This presentation will
146
provide an overview of the RHSEG algorithm and describe how it is currently being used to support OBIA or Earth Science applications such as snow/ice mapping and finding archaeological sites from remotely sensed data.
Author
Earth Sciences; Remote Sensing; Ice Mapping; Image Analysis; Imaging Techniques; Combinatorial Analysis
20100014896 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS): Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
Kelly, Angelita C.; Johnson, Patricia; Case, Warren F.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville,
AL, USA; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
This paper describes the successful operations of NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites over the past 10 years and the plans for the future. Excellent operations performance has been a key factor in the overall success of EOS. The EOS
Program was conceived in the 1980s and began to take shape in the early 1990s. EOS consists of a series of satellites that study the Earth as an interrelated system. It began with the launch of Terra in December 1999, followed by Aqua in May 2002, and
Aura in July 2004. A key EOS goal is to provide a long-term continuous data set to enable the science community to develop a better understanding of land, ocean, and atmospheric processes and their interactions. EOS has produced unprecedented amounts of data which are used all over the world free of charge. Mission operations have resulted in data recovery for Terra,
Aqua, and Aura that have consistently exceeded mission requirements. The paper describes the ground systems and organizations that control the EOS satellites, capture the raw data, and distribute the processed science data sets. The paper further describes how operations have evolved since 1999. Examples of this evolution include (a) the implementation of new mission safety requirements for orbital debris monitoring; (b) technology upgrades to keep facilities at the state of the art; (c) enhancements to meet changing security requirements; and (d) operations management of the 2 international Earth Observing
Constellations of 11 satellites known as the ‘Morning Constellation’ and the ‘A-Train’. The paper concludes with a view into the future based on the latest spacecraft status, lifetime projections, and mission plans.
Author
Earth Observing System (EOS); Mission Planning; Space Debris; Constellations; Launching; Ground Stations; Terra
Spacecraft; Aura Spacecraft; Aqua Spacecraft
20100015021 Weston Geophysical Corp., Lexington, MA USA
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda Source Spectra
Mayeda, Kevin; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-07-C-0010
Report No.(s): AD-A516269; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516269
The Air Force Technical Applications Center mission requires accurate yield estimation for nuclear explosions.
Historically, focus has been on larger yield events using teleseismic body wave magnitudes and applying test site specific corrections for yield estimates. Regional coda methodology provides unprecedented stability and avoids test site bias as it is based upon absolute source spectra. There is interest in monitoring smaller events. However, these events may only be recorded with adequate signal to noise ratio at local distances from one station. Project goals were to extend regional coda methodology to local distances using S and P wave codas in regions of little-to-no calibration data and/or regions of high attenuation and lateral complexity. Studies show local coda has a unique property of homogenizing its energy over a volume of the Earth’s crust such that path corrections for distances 200 km are not necessary or minimal. Our plan was to use existing data from a variety of active tectonic settings and source types to assess performance under the assumption of little to no calibration data. We have compared S-wave coda path attenuation curves from a variety of regions to look for correlation to tectonic activity. We can make some preliminary statements. First, central Italy exhibits the strongest attenuation for distances ranging between 20-300 km. Upstate New York, South Africa, and the Korean Peninsula have lowest attenuation; these regions are the most tectonically stable. This special feature may make it easier to define an a priori set of coda-calibration parameters that can be transported to geophysically similar regions. It appears tectonically similar regions have similar a coda path, envelope shape, and peak envelope velocity, which allow us to derive average local background models to other regions for testing and evaluation, including cases to mimic uncalibrated, single-station deployment.
DTIC
Characterization; P Waves; S Waves; Seismic Waves; Seismology; Tectonics
147
20100015041 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Iran Sanctions
Katzman, Kenneth; Mar 12, 2010; 34 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516358; CRS-RS20871; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516358
Iran is subject to one of the most stringent U.S. sanctions regimes of any country in the world. Many of these sanctions overlap each other as well as the several U.N. sanctions imposed since 2006 because of Iran’s nuclear program development.
A particular focus of legislation in the 110th and 111th Congress has been to expand the provisions of the Iran Sanctions Act
(ISA) to apply to additional types of business with Iran. That law has caused differences of opinion between the USA and its
European allies ever since its adoption in 1996 because it mandates U.S. imposition of sanctions on foreign firms. The Obama
Administration’s overall policy approach toward Iran has contrasted with the Bush Administration by actively engaging Iran in negotiations on the nuclear issue, rather than focusing only on increasing sanctions on Iran. That approach was not dramatically altered in the immediate aftermath of the Iranian dispute over its June 12, 2009, elections. However, the
Administration expressed its intention to join its partners and other countries in imposing crippling new U.N. sanctions if Iran did not return to multilateral nuclear talks by late September 2009. That deadline was later amended to the end of 2009, to allow time to reach an agreement with Iran to implement an October 1, 2009, framework to send out most of its enriched uranium to France and Russia for reprocessing (for later medical use). Because Iran has not accepted the details of this framework, the USA, the other P5+1 countries, and other nations who believe that Iran needs to be further pressured are discussing further U.N. sanctions against Iran. The Administration has been increasingly less vocal about engagement with
Iran since late 2009. Instead, the Administration has taken certain administrative steps (e.g., modifying regulations to allow
U.S. Internet software to reach Iran) that appear to support a congressional trend to try to help the domestic opposition.
DTIC
Crude Oil; Industries; International Trade; Iran; Law (Jurisprudence); Organizations
20100015046 Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL USA
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and Location Improvement Along the Tethyan Margin Using a New Three-
Dimensional Velocity Model
Chang, Sung-Joon; Flanagan, Megan P; van der Lee, Suzan; Matzel, Eric M; Pasyanos, Michael E; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-04NA25541; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516370; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516370
For purposes of studying the lateral heterogeneity as well as predicting seismograms for this region, we construct a new
3-D S-velocity model by jointly inverting a variety of different seismic data. We jointly invert regional waveforms, surface wave group velocity measurements, teleseismic S and SKS arrival times, and crustal thickness estimates from receiver functions, refraction lines, and gravity surveys. These data types have complementary resolving power for crust and mantle structures, vertical and lateral variations, shallow and deep mantle features, local and global structure. Therefore, a joint inversion of these data sets might help unravel the complexity of this tectonically diverse area. These measurements are made from a combination of MIDSEA, PASSCAL, GeoScope, Geofon, GSN, IDA, MedNet, national networks, and local deployments throughout the study region which extends from the western Mediterranean region to the Hindu Kush and encompasses northern Africa, the Arabian peninsula, the Middle East, and part of the Atlantic Ocean for reference. The Moho depth result is broadly consistent with CRUST2.0, except in mid-northern Africa, where the crust from our joint inversion is about 5 km thinner. Fast velocity anomalies are found beneath the West African Craton, the Hellenic trench, the Apennines, the East European Platform, and the Arabian Platform at a 75-150 km depth, whereas low-velocity anomalies are located along the plate boundaries such as the mid-Atlantic ridge, Afar, the Anatolian Plateau, Iran, Afghanistan, western Mediterranean Sea, and the Red Sea. Based on the assumption that P-wave velocity anomalies in m/s scale are very close to S-wave velocity anomalies in m/s scale in our study area, we convert our S-velocity model to a P-velocity model with use of teleseismic P arrival times. Finally, our model is validated by performing travel-time predictions with a dataset of ground truth events. Our model generally produces better travel-time predict
DTIC
Models; Position (Location); Seismic Waves; Three Dimensional Models
148
20100015287 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop Report
Hook, Simon J.; Oaida, Bogdan V.; Janiaru 2010; 76 pp.; In English; NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop, 11-13 Aug.
2009; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS7-03001; 103932-H08.1
Report No.(s): JPL-Publ-10-3; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015287
From August 11-13, 2009, NASA held a three-day workshop to consider the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission recommended for implementation by the 2007 report from the U.S. National Research Council Earth Science and
Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond (also known as the Earth Science Decadal
Survey or, simply, the Decadal Survey). The open workshop provided a forum to present the observational requirements for the mission and assess its anticipated impact on scientific and operational applications; the open forum also offered the opportunity to obtain feedback from the broader scientific community on the mission concept. The workshop participants concluded that the HyspIRI mission would provide a significant new capability to study ecosystems and natural hazards at spatial scales relevant to human resource use. In addition, participants reviewed the Draft Preliminary HyspIRI Mission Level
1 Requirements and confirmed that they were achievable with the mission concept presented and would provide the necessary data needed to address the science questions identified for the mission and by the Decadal Survey. These requirements could be met using the reference instrument designs and be implemented through the use of current technology. The workshop participants, like the Decadal Survey itself, strongly endorsed the need for the HyspIRI mission and felt the mission, as defined, would accomplish the intended science.
Author
Earth Sciences; Mission Planning; Satellite Design; Ecosystems; Infrared Imagery
20100015518 Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA USA
Robust, Extensible Representation of Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
Ballard, Sandy; Hipp, Jim; Young, Chris; The Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; Sec. 2-03; 10 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review:
Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL8500
Report No.(s): AD-A516221; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516221
Models of geophysically important properties of the Earth, such as seismic velocity, Q and density, can become large and complex when those properties vary in three dimensions within the model. We have developed a system to represent the distribution of seismic properties in the Earth that can accommodate a wide range of local to global scale 3D Earth models with spatially variable resolution. A 2D grid of nodes is tessellated using either triangles or quadrilaterals and a profile is defined at each 2D grid node that extends from the center of the Earth to the surface. The surface of the model corresponds with the topographic/bathymetric surface of the Earth, which is referenced to the surface of the GRS80 ellipsoid. Each profile can be separated into a number of layers defined by interfaces across which geophysical properties may be discontinuous.
Within the layers between interfaces, the vertical distribution of geophysical properties may be defined by a number of continuous sublayers, by arbitrary order polynomials or by various types of splines. Layer thicknesses can vary laterally and zero thickness layers and layer pinch-outs are accommodated. The distribution of nodes is very flexible, allowing model resolution to vary over a wide range in three dimensions. In this paper, we present detailed descriptions of the software algorithms used to construct, store and interpolate these models.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Seismology; Software Engineering
20100015743 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
A Unified Approach to Joint Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and Event Location with a 3D Earth Model
Rodi, William L.; Reiter, Delaine T.; Myers, Stephen C.; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC52-08NA28539; AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516357; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516357
This newly initiated project will develop and test a methodology for locating seismic events from combined data sets of
149
regional and teleseismic arrival times, based on consistent travel-time predictions from a unified 3D Earth model. One focus of the project is to address the practical difficulty of raytracing in 3D models, which has been a serious impediment to the pursuit of 3D event location methods. We will investigate whether, for teleseismic travel-time prediction, approximate techniques, in particular linearization around rays calculated in a 1D reference model, are adequate for the purpose of event location as they are commonly assumed to be for the purpose of global tomography. A second focus of the project is tomographic calibration of a 3D model with combined regional and teleseismic data from earthquakes and ground-truth events. We will investigate the hypothesis that a joint regional/teleseismic calibration will lead to a noticeable improvement in location accuracy over the modest and inconsistent improvements 3D models have yielded to date. Additionally, we will consider whether travel-time prediction errors inferred from a tomographic uncertainty analysis can provide an appropriate weighting of various teleseismic and regional phases to optimize location accuracy even further. We plan to validate our methodology with catalog data from Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, using available regional crust/upper mantle models for these areas in conjunction with published 3D global models of the deeper mantle. Special attention will be given to south-central Asia, where Weston Geophysical and MIT are currently applying body-wave and surface-wave tomography to develop a regional model of the crust and upper mantle. This project will attempt to improve and extend the Weston/MIT model by adding teleseismic constraints.
DTIC
Accuracy; Calibrating; Position (Location); Seismic Waves; Three Dimensional Models
20100015747 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing Public Data for Ground Truth
Identification
Begnaud, Michael L.; Yang, Xiaoning; Stead, Richard J.; Phillips, W. S.; Rowe, Charlotte A.; Steck, Lee K.; September 2008;
11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516352; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516352
We continue to collect seismic catalog data from various sources and search that data for possible information to improve regional location in East Asia. Data collection and search efforts have greatly increased the availability of ground truth (GT) events and improved our ability to create detailed tomographic models for the area. We have developed several regional phase tomography models for East Asia (see Rowe et al., 2008, these Proceedings) that display significant reduction in travel time residuals over starting models. Further analyses of these models are required to assess how such models will affect location accuracy and methods. We will determine how the tomography models reduce the travel time residuals for various stations within East Asia and what residual patterns remain after modeling. This will indicate whether any further location improvement can be expected by adding travel time correction surfaces to relocation methods in the area. GT is usually collected through analysis of seismic, infrasound and satellite data or through direct on-site access. GT for areas where information is limited or denied must be derived from alternative sources. We obtained accurate and precise locations of two chemical explosions detonated in December 2007 in northern China through analysis of public information from the Internet and Google Earth(Trademark).
DTIC
Chemical Explosions; China; Ground Truth; Position (Location); Tomography
20100016137 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation Data
Hofer, Michael; Sapiro, Guillermo; Wallner, Johannes; Aug 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517675; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We present a framework for smoothing grid-like digital terrain elevation data, which achieves fair shape by means of minimizing an energy functional. The minimization is performed under the side-condition of hard constraints which come from available horizontal and vertical accuracy bounds in the elevation specification. We introduce the framework and demonstrate the suitability of this method for the tasks of accuracy-constrained smoothing, feature-preserving smoothing and filling of data voids.
DTIC
Digital Data; Digital Systems; Elevation; Smoothing; Terrain
150
44
ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
Includes specific energy conversion systems, e.g., fuel cells; and solar, geothermal, windpower, and waterwave conversion systems; energy storage; and traditional power generators. For technologies related to nuclear energy production see 73 Nuclear Physics . For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power ; and 28 Propellants and Fuels .
20100014982 Frequency Electronics, Inc., Mitchel AFB, NY USA
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
Vulcan, A; Gloeckl, C; Meirs, M; McClelland, T; Dec 1987; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516068; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516068
A class of multiple input and output redundant frequency generators is described which provide extremely low noise reference signals to satellite subsystems. The frequency distribution units are designed to survive the hostile environments of space over a ten year mission life. In addition, these systems must maintain frequency accuracies under all conditions and provide for periodic fine frequency tuning adjustments with resolutions of better than 3 x 10(-12) in response to external digital tuning commands. To meet these requirements, multiple frequency sources, either quartz, Rubidium, or Cesium are used. Only one of the sources is on line at any given time with a second source powered up in the hot standby mode and additional sources unpowered. Hence, overall emission reliability is maximized and power consumption is reduced. Isolation at the RF outputs between the on-line and the hot standby oscillator exceeds -120 dB. Many of the distribution systems receive DC power from the spacecraft bus and incorporate high efficiency DC/DC converters and low noise linear regulators to provide proper operating voltages for the reference sources and distribution networks. Additionally, a high degree of RFI filtering is included to minimize conducted emissions and susceptibility on the power lines.
DTIC
Frequencies; Low Noise; Time Signals
20100015263 American Physical Society, New York, NY USA
How America Can Look Within to Achieve Energy Security and Reduce Global Warming
Sep 2008; 113 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516647; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Making major gains in energy efficiency is one of the most economical and effective ways our nation can wean itself off its dependence on foreign oil and reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases. Transportation and buildings, which account for two thirds of American energy usage, consume far more than they need to, but even though there are many affordable energy efficient technologies that can save consumers money, market imperfections inhibit their adoption. To overcome the barriers, the federal government must adopt policies that will transform the investments into economic and societal benefit. And the federal government must invest in research and development programs that target energy efficiency. Energy efficiency is one of America’s great hidden energy reserves. We should begin tapping it now.
DTIC
Global Warming; Greenhouse Effect; Security
20100015589 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Durstock, Michael F.; December 2008; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4347
Report No.(s): AD-A515951; AFRL-RX-WP-TM-2010-4007; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This focuses on addressing the materials challenges posed in developing higher energy and power density batteries as well as in developing alternative fuel cell membrane materials.
DTIC
Energy Conversion; Energy Storage; Fuel Cells; Membranes; Protons
151
20100015600 Dayton Univ. Research Inst., OH USA
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic
Applications
Venkat, Narayanan; January 2010; 68 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-D-2403-0016; Proj-3145
Report No.(s): AD-A516681; UDR-TR-2009-00198; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The objective of the delivery order (DO) is to develop high energy density polymer dielectrics and optimize their film processing methods for utilization in stacked or rolled capacitor architectures. An emphasis should be placed upon obtaining a material with a high energy density ( 10 J/cc), a low dissipation factor (0.001 percent) and a rapid discharge rate, all of which are stable over a wide temperature range (-55 deg C to 250 deg C), and up to high frequencies (400 kHz when packaged).
A dielectric film with a graceful failure mechanism is also desirable, but without sacrificing the rapid discharge rate (electrode conductivity)
DTIC
Aerospace Systems; Dielectrics; Flux Density; High Temperature Air; Polymeric Films; Power Conditioning; Space
Programs; Thermodynamic Properties
20100015734 Science Applications International Corp., Austin, TX USA
Robust Control Techniques Enabling Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a 6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full Scale
Combat Hybrid Electric Power System, and Long Distance Internet Communications
Compere, Marc; Goodell, Jarrett; Simon, Miguel; Smith, Wilford; Brudnak, Mark; November 10, 2006; 11 pp.; In English;
SAE 2006 Power Systems Conference. Session: Advanced Power Systems Technologies, 7 - 9 Nov. 2006, New Orleans, LA,
USA
Report No.(s): AD-A516255; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516255
The RemoteLink effort supports the U.S. Army’s objective for developing and fielding next generation hybrid-electric combat vehicles. It is a distributed soldier-in-the-loop and hardware-in-the-loop environment with a 6-DOF motion base for operator realism, a full-scale combat hybrid electric power system, and an operational context provided by OneSAF. The driver/gunner crewstations rest on one of two 6-DOF motion bases at the U.S. Army TARDEC Simulation Laboratory (TSL).
The hybrid power system is located 2,450 miles away at the TARDEC Power and Energy System Integration Laboratory (P&E
SIL). The primary technical challenge in the RemoteLink is to operate both laboratories together in real time, coupled over the Internet, to generate a realistic power system duty cycle. A topology has been chosen such that the laboratories have real hardware interacting with simulated components at both locations to guarantee local closed loop stability. This layout is robust to Internet communication failures and ensures the long distance network delay does not enter the local feedback loops. The
TSL states and P&E SIL states will diverge due to (1) significant communications delays and (2) unavoidable differences between the TSL’s power system simulation and the P&E SIL’s real hardware-in-the-loop power system. Tightly coupled, bi-directional interactions exist among the various distributed simulations and software and hardware-in-the-loop components representing the driver, gunner, vehicle, and power system.
DTIC
Combat; Control Systems Design; Crew Workstations; Internets
20100015904 Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisitions and Technology), Washington, DC USA
Report to Congress on Energy Security Initiatives
Oct 2008; 22 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517083; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517083
The House Report to accompany H.R. 3222, the Department of Defense Appropriations Bill, 2008, H.R. Rep. No.
110-279, page 128, requests the Defense Energy Security Task Force (ESTF) to submit a semi-annual report to the congressional defense committees on the initiatives and activities that the Department (DoD) is taking to promote energy savings and energy efficiency across the Department.
DTIC
Congressional Reports; Fuels; Security
152
20100016135 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Best Practices in the Navy’s Energy Programs Strategic Communication Factors Operating in the Tactical Forces
Haley, Ryan C; Fox, Shane M; Klotzbach, Roy M; Dec 2009; 106 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517669; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Department of the Navy is the second largest consumer of petroleum within the Department of Defense and has been tasked by Navy leadership to reduce energy costs in the tactical forces. Energy conservation can be both a cost effective and relatively quick way to reduce energy. To better understand how the Navy can more effectively encourage energy conservation, this study reviewed existing literature for relevant management and communication theory and practices, identified and evaluated existing Navy energy conservation programs, and interviewed Navy tactical forces? personnel regarding their perspectives on the effectiveness of current programs and their motivations for conserving. Results from published literature indicate that key factors affecting energy conservation behaviors include attitudes, cognitive understanding, motivation, leadership, and effective strategic communication practices. Assessments of existing programs resulted in a focus on two successful initiatives: the i-ENCON program and the Shipboard Energy Management Program. The benefits and drawbacks of these programs are discussed. Finally, interview results suggest several factors that may enhance or impede energy conservation efforts in the Navy including level of awareness of the problem, importance of setting specific goals, the need for feedback on effective energy conservation behaviors, the impact of material and social benefits, the importance of the role of leadership, the challenges and opportunities provided by Navy culture, the potential impact of process and policy barriers, and the importance of communication and outreach. Recommendations include the need to improve upon and expand existing programs; to tailor communication themes, messages, and channels to key audiences; to develop a risk communication plan; to design a process for evaluating conservation capabilities; and to support an integrated strategic communication process.
DTIC
Energy Conservation; Procedures
45
ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
Includes atmospheric, water, soil, noise, and thermal pollution.
20100015411 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and CUF Scale
Daniel, R. C.; Billing, J. M.; Hanson, B. D.; Bontha, J. R.; Brown, C. F.; Aug. 13, 2009; 148 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-963841; PNNL-18498; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has been tasked by Bechtel National Inc. (BNI) on the River Protection
Project-Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (RPP-WTP) project to perform research and development activities to resolve technical issues identified for the Pretreatment Facility (PTF). The Pretreatment Engineering Platform
(PEP) was designed and constructed and is to be operated as part of a plan to respond to issue M12, Undemonstrated Leaching
Processes. The PEP is a 1/4.5-scale test platform designed to simulate the WTP pretreatment caustic leaching, oxidative leaching, ultrafiltration solids concentration, and slurry washing processes. The PEP replicates the WTP leaching processes using prototypic equipment and control strategies. The PEP also includes non-prototypic ancillary equipment to support the core processing. Two operating scenarios are currently being evaluated for the ultrafiltration process (UFP) and leaching operations. The work described in this report presents filter flux results obtained at two different scales based on tests performed with a Hanford tank waste simulant. One set of tests was conducted with the simulant feed (low solids), and one test was conducted at a relatively high solids concentration. The results of these tests are compared to support a scale factor for use in the WTP.
NTIS
Radioactive Wastes; Waste Treatment; Pretreatment; Protection
20100015412 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic Leach Rate Constants from PEP and Laboratory-Scale Tests
Mahoney, L. A.; Rassat, S. D.; Eslinger, P. W.; Aaberg, R. L.; Golovich, E. C.; Aug. 14, 2009; 148 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-963842; PNNL-18502; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Testing Summary Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has been tasked by Bechtel National Inc. (BNI) on the
153
River Protection Project-Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (RPP-WTP) project to perform research and development activities to resolve technical issues identified for the Pretreatment Facility (PTF). The Pretreatment
Engineering Platform (PEP) was designed and constructed and is to be operated as part of a plan to respond to issue M12,
Undemonstrated Leaching Processes. The PEP is a 1/4.5-scale test platform designed to simulate the WTP pretreatment caustic leaching, oxidative leaching, ultrafiltration solids concentration, and slurry washing processes. The PEP replicates the WTP leaching processes using prototypic equipment and control strategies. The PEP also includes non-prototypic ancillary equipment to support the core processing. Two operating scenarios are currently being evaluated for the ultrafiltration process
(UFP) and leaching operations. The work described in this report addresses the kinetics of caustic leach under WTP conditions, based on tests performed with a Hanford waste simulant. The purpose of this report is to summarize the results from both scales that are related to caustic leach chemistry to support a scale-up factor for the submodels to be used in the G2 model, which predicts WTP operating performance. The scale-up factor will take the form of an adjustment factor for the rate constant in the boehmite leach kinetic equation in the G2 model.
NTIS
Alkalies; Constants; Radioactive Wastes; Reaction Kinetics
20100015420 Department of Energy, Washington, DC USA
NOx Control for Utility Boiler OTR Compliance
Farzan, H.; Sivy, J. L.; Jul. 30, 2005; 73 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-03NT41722
Report No.(s): DE2009-963897; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The objective of the program was to achieve a NOx level below 0.15 lb/106 Btu (with ammonia slip of less than 5 ppm) in the CEDF using PRB coal and B&Ws DRB-4Z low-NOx pulverized coal (PC) burner in combination with dual zone overfire air ports and Fuel Techs NOxOUT System. Commercial installations of B&Ws low-NOx burner, in combination with overfire air ports using PRB coal, have demonstrated a NOx level of 0.15 to 0.2 lb/106 Btu under staged combustion conditions. The proposed goal of the combustion system (no SNCR) for this project is a NOx level at 0.15 lb/106 Btu. The
NOx reduction goal for SNCR is 25% from the low-NOx combustion emission levels. Therefore, overall NOx emissions would approach a level of 0.11 lb/106 Btu in commercial installation.
NTIS
Boilers; Coal; Nitrogen Oxides
20100015691 Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC, USA
Climate Change: Observations on Options for Selling Emissions Allowances in a Cap-and-Trade Program
February 2010; 41 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107355; GAO-10-377; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
Congress is considering proposals for market-based programs to limit greenhouse gas emissions. Many proposals involve creating a cap-and-trade program, in which an overall emissions cap is set and entities covered by the program must hold tradable permits--or ‘allowances’-- to cover their emissions. According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the value of these allowances could total $300 billion annually by 2020. The government could either sell the allowances, give them away for free, or some combination of the two. Some existing cap-and-trade programs have experience selling allowances.
For example, member states participating in the European Union’s (EU) Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) have sold up to about 9 percent of their allowances, and the amount of auctioning is expected to increase significantly starting in 2013. In the
USA, the 10 northeastern states participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) have auctioned about 87 percent of their allowances. This report is part of GAO’s response to a request to review climate change policy options. This report describes the implications of different methods for selling allowances, given available information and the experiences of selected programs. GAO reviewed relevant literature and interviewed program officials from the EU and RGGI, economists, and other researchers. This report contains no recommendations.
NTIS
Climate; Exhaust Emission; Exhaust Gases; Air Pollution; Climate Change
20100015693 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC, USA
Corporate Average Fuel Economy for MY 2012-MY 2016 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks. Final Regulatory Impact
Analysis
March 2010; 613 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107697; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This assessment examines the costs and benefits of improving the fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks for
154
model years (MY) 2012 through MY 2016. It includes a discussion of the technologies that can improve fuel economy, analysis of the potential impact on retail prices, safety, lifetime fuel savings and their value to consumers, and other societal benefits such as improved energy security and reduced emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases. As required by the
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), NHTSA sets attribute-based corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards that are based on a mathematical function. For purposes of MYs 2012-2016, as for MY 2011 passenger cars and
MYs 2008-2011 light trucks, the CAFE standards have been based on vehicle footprint.
NTIS
Air Pollution; Organizations; Passengers; Pollution Control; Trucks
20100015694 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA; National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
Washington, DC, USA
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards
April 2010; 214 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107699; EPA-420-R-10-901; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) are issuing a joint final rulemaking which establishes new standards for light-duty highway vehicles that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve fuel economy. The joint final rulemaking is consistent with the National Fuel Efficiency Policy announced by President Obama on May 19, 2009, responding to the country’s critical need to address global climate change and to reduce oil consumption. EPA is finalizing greenhouse gas emissions standards under the Clean Air Act, and NHTSA is finalizing Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended. These standards apply to passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles, covering model years 2012 through
2016. They require these vehicles to meet an estimated combined average emissions level of 250 grams of CO2 per mile in
MY 2016 under EPA’s GHG program, and 34.1 mpg in MY 2016 under NHTSA’s CAFE program and represent a harmonized and consistent national program (National Program). These standards are designed such that compliance can be achieved with a single national vehicle fleet whose emissions and fuel economy performance improves each year from MY2012 to 2016.
NTIS
Air Pollution; Combustion Products; Exhaust Emission; Exhaust Gases; Greenhouse Effect; Motor Vehicles; Organizations;
Pollution Control; Standards
20100015695 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
Nonroad Evaporative Emission Rates, December 2005, NR-012c
December 2005; 117 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107761; EPA/420/R-05/020; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06 , Hardcopy
This report documents the basic evaporative emission assumptions and calculations used in EPA=s final NONROAD2005 emissions model. The types of evaporative emissions covered in this report include diurnal, tank permeation, hose permeation, hot soak, and running losses. Separate reports address displacement and spillage from refueling (NR-013b) and crankcase emissions (NR-010e).
NTIS
Exhaust Emission; Air Pollution
20100015702 Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC, USA
World Energy Use and Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 1980-2001
April 2004; 88 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-108089; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This report examines a variety of energy-related national- and regional-level indicators between 1980 and 2001. These indicators include absolute totals, per capita levels, and the ratios of the following energy-related indicators: carbon dioxide intensity (carbon dioxide / economic output), energy intensity (energy consumption / economic output), and electricity intensity (electricity consumption / economic output). Except where noted, all GDP figures in this survey are based on OECD estimates expressed in constant 1995 dollars adjusted for purchasing power parity ($1995-PPP). Throughout the report, the data presented are highly aggregated. While these summary measures might not permit strong, specific conclusions, the broad
155
review of international energy-use patterns presented here is useful in understanding global energy use and carbon dioxide emissions patterns.
NTIS
Carbon Dioxide; Greenhouse Effect
20100015704 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC, USA; Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, DC USA
Final Environmental Impact Statement: Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light
Trucks, Model Years 2012-2016
February 2010; 660 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107910; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) prepared this Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to analyze and disclose the potential environmental impacts of the proposed model years (MYs) 2012-2016 Corporate Average
Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards for the total fleet of passenger and non-passenger automobiles (hereinafter referred to as passenger cars and light trucks, respectively) and reasonable alternative standards for the NHTSA CAFE program pursuant to Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations implementing the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT) Order 5610.1C, and NHTSA regulations. This EIS compares the potential environmental impacts of alternative mile-per-gallon (mpg) levels NHTSA will consider for the final rule, including the Preferred Alternative
(i.e., the proposed standards) and a No Action Alternative. It also analyzes direct, indirect, and cumulative impacts and analyzes impacts in proportion to their significance.
NTIS
Automobiles; Environmental Surveys; Organizations; Passengers; Trucks
20100016136 Missile Defense Agency, Washington, DC USA
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
Huizenga, Brian D; Deskins, Edgar; Finkel, Howard; Moran, Sonia; Rock, Ken; Sweeney, Brendan; Wheeler, George; Feb
2007; 63 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517671; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Missile Defense Agency prepared this Supplemental Environmental Assessment (SEA) to update the analysis of liquid propellant target (LPT) missile launches and supporting activities at Wake Island contained in the Wake Island Launch
Center (WILC) SEA (US Army Space and Missile Command, 1999) which is incorporated by reference, and serves as a planning tool to assist MDA in meeting its mission objectives. This SEA discusses the following seven resource areas that have the potential for impact resulting from the proposed action: air quality, biological resources, cultural resources, hazardous materials/waste, health and safety, noise and transportation. Cumulative impacts are those that result when impacts of an action are combined with the impacts of past, present, and reasonably foreseeable actions at a location. Cumulative impacts were considered for each resource area and each alternative.
DTIC
Liquid Rocket Propellants; Test Facilities; Wakes
46
GEOPHYSICS
Includes Earth structure and dynamics, aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and geomagnetism. For related information see 47 Meteorology and Climatology ; and 93 Space Radiation .
20100014923 Naval Research Lab., Monterey, CA USA
A Scalable Spectral Element Eulerian Atmospheric Model (SEE-AM) for NWP: Dynamical Core Tests
Giraldo, Francis X; Rosmond, Thomas E; Apr 25, 2003; 68 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515908; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515908
A new dynamical core for numerical weather prediction (NWP) based on the spectral element method is presented. This paper represents a departure from previously published work on solving the atmospheric primitive equations in that the horizontal operators are all written, discretized, and solved in 3D Cartesian space. The advantages of using Cartesian space are: the pole singularity which plagues the equations in spherical coordinates disappears; any grid can be used including
156
lat-lon, icosahedral, hexahedral and adaptive unstructured grids; and the conversion to a semi-lagrangian formulation is easily achieved.
DTIC
Atmospheric Models; Spectral Theory
20100014963 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE Act
Hornbeck, J F; Mar 5, 2010; 29 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516031; CRS-RL34687; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516031
Haiti’s economic, political, and social development have been on a slow track since the transition from dictatorship to democracy began in the mid-1980s. The devastating earthquake of January 12, 2010, was a major setback to the tentative progress already made. Haiti struggled with providing basic needs even prior to the catastrophe, but currently is without the physical, political, and economic infrastructure to provide adequately for its citizens. As the massive humanitarian relief effort continues, planning for Haiti’s economic reconstruction and development has also begun. The transition from disaster relief to a national redevelopment strategy is essential, and by all accounts, must be comprehensive, directed at all sectors of the economy, and guided by the Haitian government in cooperation with the United Nations and other international assistance organizations. The U.S. Congress has long taken a comprehensive view of aid to Haiti, annually appropriating funds in support of security, humanitarian relief, and development assistance. Yet, the Haitian economy even before the earthquake had experienced extremely slow growth in output, employment, and productivity. One important step that reflects the nexus of congressional interest and Haitian need is the Haiti HOPE Act. In December 2006, the 109th Congress passed the Haitian
Hemispheric Opportunity through Partnership Encouragement Act of 2006 (HOPE I) to assist Haiti with expanding its apparel trade as a way to help stimulate economic growth and employment. The Act included special rules for the duty-free treatment of select apparel imports from Haiti, particularly those made from less expensive third-country inputs, provided Haiti met rules of origin and eligibility criteria that require making progress on worker rights, poverty reduction, and anti-corruption measures.
DTIC
Earthquakes; Economic Impact; Haiti
20100014996 Array Information Technology, Inc., Greenbelt , MD USA
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Gritto, Roland; Sibol, Matthew S; Siegel, Jacob E; Ghalib, Hafidh A; Chen, Youlin; Herrmann, Robert B; Alequabi, Ghassan
I; Tkalcic, Hrvoje; Ali, Bakir S; Saleh, Borhan I; Sep 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-07-C-0008
Report No.(s): AD-A516103; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516103
A primary objective of this project is to estimate the local and regional seismic velocity structures of north and northeastern Iraq, including the northern extension of the Zagros collision zone. Furthermore, earthquake source mechanisms will be investigated once a velocity model is derived for this region. Thus far, global seismic network coverage is poor throughout the region and extrapolated velocity models found in the literature lack sufficient accuracy to permit events to be located with significant precision. Ten three-component broadband stations composing the North Iraq Seismographic Network
(NISN) were installed in late 2005. At present, waveforms from 290 teleseismic events, from November 30, 2005 through
March 31, 2007, have been processed for P-wave receiver functions (RFs). Based on the USGS Preliminary Determination of Epicenters (PDE) bulletins, the epicentral distances of these teleseismic events to NISN stations range from 30 deg to 90 deg while their magnitudes equal or exceed 5.5. Results obtained to date indicate a lower-than-average shear wave velocity when compared to other crustal regions of the Earth. Additionally, Moho depths appear slightly shallower below the stations located along the foothills compared to the stations at higher elevation in the Zagros mountains. The Moho below the foothills is estimated at 40-50 km depth, while it dips down to a depth of 45-55 km below the northern extension of the Zagros zone.
Common among the receiver functions is the presence of a significant velocity discontinuity at a depth of 15 km and 20 km for the stations below the foothills and Zagros mountains, respectively. The increase in velocity across this discontinuity lead to the observation of mid-crustal refracted body waves throughout NISN. Evaluation of the resulting models will be performed through relocation of recorded events, synthetic waveform analysis, and correlation with available geophysical and geological information.
DTIC
Crusts; Earth Crust; Iraq; Receivers; Seismology
157
20100014998 Array Information Technology, Inc., Greenbelt , MD USA
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
Gritto, Roland; Siegel, Jacob E; Chan, Winston W; Sep 2008; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-06-C0006
Report No.(s): AD-A516110; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516110
Seismic waveform data of the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) have been analyzed to perform 3-D tomographic travel-time inversions to produce high-resolution 3-D crustal P- and S-wave velocity models for the South
Korean peninsula. In a first step, waveform data from 2001 through May 2008 have been analyzed to map the Moho discontinuity below South Korea using refracted Pn travel times. Phase-arrival information from both velocity and accelerometer sensors was collected. The analysis included 270 events throughout the region producing 8,860 phase picks of
Pg, Pn, Sg/Lg, and Sn phases. A total of 5,090 P-wave and 3,770 S-wave phases were identified. Using the combination of all available velocity and accelerometer data from the 119 KMA stations, it was possible to estimate depth locations for 226
KMA events. The hypocenters were subsequently used to derive travel-time distance curves based on 1-D velocity models to appraise the quality of the travel-time picks. The analysis produced, respectively, crustal P- and S-wave velocities of 6.13 km/s and 3.57 km/s and upper mantle velocities of 8.02 km/s and 4.48 km/s. The travel-time distance curves were used to determine static corrections for all station locations. After applying static corrections to all observed travel-times, refracted P-wave phases along the Moho boundary were selected from the dataset to estimate the depth and topography of the Moho discontinuity beneath South Korea. The resulting Moho topography reveals a relatively flat interface with depth variations from 28 to 34 km. The shallowest parts are below the Yellow Sea and below the Sea of Japan, while the deepest structure is located below the Yeongnam Massif. Joint inversion for hypocenters and velocity structure was performed to derive 3-D Pand S-wave velocity models for the crust.
DTIC
Detectors; Peninsulas; Seismic Waves; South Korea; Waveforms
20100015004 Los Alamos National Lab., Albuquerque, NM USA
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion Sources
Whitaker, Rodney W; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516178; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516178
This report presents progress on an ongoing research project looking at near-field infrasound signals as a basis for discriminants between underground nuclear tests (UGT) and earthquakes (EQ). In an earlier program, infrasound signals from
UGTs and EQs were collected at ranges of a few hundred kilometers, in the far-field. Analysis of these data revealed two parameters that had potential for discrimination purposes: signal duration and wind-corrected amplitudes. These far-field differences should be present in the near-field signals as well. To study the near-field signals, we are using computational techniques based on modeled ground motions from UGTs and EQs. One is the closed form numerical integration of the
Rayleigh integral (RI), and the other is the application of a time-domain, finite-difference computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program, CAVEAT. This report summarizes recent progress in modeling these signals, showing comparisons of waveforms and power spectra from the two techniques. There is also a discussion of the effects of spatial and temporal zoning on the quality of the results. Application of Fourier techniques to the basic ground models is introduced as an analytic path to the radiation patterns of the ground-motion sources.
DTIC
Antenna Radiation Patterns; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Earth Movements; Infrasonic Frequencies; Underground
Explosions
20100015005 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization, Vienna, Austria
Determination of the Seismic Moment Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Given, Jeffrey; LeBras, Ronan J; Kung, Yu-Long; Sep 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 2006-1193
Report No.(s): AD-A516189; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516189
The Provisional Technical Secretariat (PTS) of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) has been ramping-up the installation of the International Monitoring System (IMS) consisting of a network of seismic,
158
hydroacoustic, infrasound, and radionuclide stations, since its inception in March 1997. Data from this network are automatically processed at the International Data Centre (IDC) to produce, within a few hours, a series of automatic bulletins called the Standard Event Lists (SEL1, SEL2, SEL3). After analyst review and correction as necessary the Reviewed Event
Bulletin (REB) is produced. Additional information about characterization of an event as an earthquake or otherwise is also available in the Standard Event Bulletin (SEB) shortly after production of the REB. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban
Treaty (CTBT) states that the IDC will apply standard event screening criteria to each event formed. The objective of this process is to filter out events that are considered to be consistent with natural or non-nuclear man-made phenomena, leaving a reduced set of events that may require further examination. In Annex 2 of the Protocol to the Treaty, the focal mechanism is listed as possible event screening parameters. In order to provide a focal mechanism and increase the number of elements potentially useful as screening attributes, we have in the last two years implemented two methods for moment tensor (MT) inversion. One method is based on the P body waves and the other on surface waves. Implementation of these sophisticated inversion methods has led to improvements in the calibration of the broad-band seismic network, notably quality control of the instrument responses. We report here on the results obtained from the implementation of the surface-wave MT inversion, which uses both Rayleigh waves and Love waves.
DTIC
Love Waves; Networks; Rayleigh Waves; Surface Waves; Tensors
20100015006 Yonsei Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of
Investigation of Regional Source Properties of the Underground Nuclear Explosion in North Korea
Hong, Tae-Kyung; Rhie, Junkee; Sep 2008; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): CATHER-2007-5111
Report No.(s): AD-A516192; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516192
We explore the source properties of the October 9, 2006, underground nuclear explosion (UNE) in North Korea from regional phases. The dense seismic stations deployed in South Korea, Japan, and China provided us unique regional observations of the UNE. The unique data set allows us to investigate the source properties by regional phases. The isotropic moment of UNE is estimated by 2.9 X 10(14) Nm from long-period waveforms. The source spectra of regional phases from the UNE are inverted. We determine the apparent moment, corner frequency, overshoot parameter, attenuation factors, and frequency power-dependence terms from the inversion. We present the inverted source spectra with comparison of theoretical source-spectral models. The inverted source spectra agree well with theoretical curves based on UNE source-spectral models.
We find that the overshoot parameters of P phases are determined as close to those from theoretical UNE source-spectral models. On the other hand, the overshoot parameters of S are determined close to zero. The low overshoot parameters for S phases suggest that their excitation sources may be different from those of P phases. We analyze the source spectra of natural earthquakes at a nearby location for comparison with those of the UNE. We test P/S spectral-amplitude ratios for discrimination between UNE and earthquakes.
DTIC
North Korea; Nuclear Explosions; Underground Explosions
20100015011 New England Research Associates, Inc., Bedford, MA USA
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central Asia
Martin, Randolph; Krasovec, Mary L; Vergino, Eileen; Toksoz, M N; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-04NA25612; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516240; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516240
The Central Asian Seismic Research Initiative (CASRI) is an extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network
(CauSIN). Both projects seek to promote cooperation, transparency, and stability in these highly seismically active regions of strategic interest to the U.S. by working with the countries to improve the monitoring and hazard assessment. Building knowledge bases of geological, geophysical, and seismic information in the respective regions, utilizing modern crustal modeling techniques to create a combined model of the regions, and applying modern hazard assessment techniques will aid these countries in improving their seismic monitoring capacity. The CauSIN project was completed in 2007; the CASRI is currently in its final stages, though work in the area will be continued in a separate project. Over the past three years, a great deal of tectonic, geologic, geophysical, seismic event catalog, waveform, and phase arrival data from local networks in the
CASRI region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan) have been collected. The historical catalog contains
159
nearly 11,000 events from 500 AD through the present. The modern seismic catalog (from the digital instrumental period) includes 469 events from 1991 to 2005. In the past year, a large number of phase arrival time picks have been collected from stations of the local networks in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
DTIC
Asia; Caucasus Mountains (U.S.S.R.); Races (Anthropology); Seismic Waves
20100015012 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Nyblade, Andrew A; Adams, Aubreya; Brazier, Richard A; Park, Yongcheol; Rodgers, Arthur J; Sep 2008; 12 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-05NA26602; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516241; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516241
In this project, we have exploited unique and open-source seismic datasets to improve seismic monitoring across the
Middle East (including the Iranian Plateau, Zagros Mountains, Arabian Peninsula, Turkish Plateau, Gulf of Aqaba, Dead Sea
Rift) and the Horn of Africa (including the northern part of the East African Rift, Afar Depression, southern Red Sea, and Gulf of Aden). The data sets have been used to perform two related tasks. (1) We have determined moment tensors, moment magnitudes, and source depths for regional events in the magnitude 4.0 to 6.0 range. (2) These events have been used to characterize high-frequency regional phase attenuation and detection thresholds, especially from events in Iran recorded at stations across the Arabian Peninsula. In the first part of this project, seismograms from earthquakes in the Zagros Mountains recorded at regional distances have been inverted for moment tensors, and source depths for the earthquakes have been determined via matching regional waveforms using a grid search algorithm and forward modeling of teleseismic depth phases.
Early studies of the distribution of seismicity in the Zagros region found evidence for earthquakes in the upper mantle. But subsequent relocations of teleseismic earthquakes suggest that source depths are generally much shallower, lying mainly within the upper crust. For all of the events that have been studied, source depths lie within the upper crust. And the events all have thrust mechanisms with E-W or NW-SE striking nodal planes. In the second part of this project, the source mechanisms for these events have been used to characterize high-frequency (0.5-16 Hz) regional phase attenuation and detection thresholds for broadband seismic stations in the Arabian Peninsula, including International Monitoring System
(IMS) stations and stations belonging to the Saudi Arabian National Digital Seismic Network.
DTIC
Africa; Calibrating; Detection; Ground Truth; Middle East
20100015013 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI USA
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of Eastern Russia
Zhang, Haijiang; Mackey, Kevin G; Fujita, Kazuya; Thurber, Clifford H; Steck, Lee K; Rowe, Charlotte A; Roecker, Steven;
Toksoz, M N; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-06NA27325; DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516242; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516242
Eastern Russia is composed of a series of terranes which have been accreted to the Precambrian North Asian (Siberian) craton. In the southern part (Baikal and Amur regions), the terranes form a suture zone between the North Asian and North
China cratons, which is being exploited by the present-day boundary between the Eurasian plate and the Amur block. The northern part (Magadan and eastern Yakutsk regions) is composed of a series of terranes that accreted to the North Asian craton, primarily in the Mesozoic. This accretionary region is currently the location of the plate boundary between the North
American and Eurasian plates. The complexities of accretion and subsequent intracontinental deformation likely result in a highly heterogeneous crust, a broad zone of deformation, and the formation of small blocks or microplates within the ancient suture and present-day plate boundary zones. We assembled catalog picks from 13,000 events and 100 stations for the Baikal and Amur regions in the period of 1970 to 2005. For the Magadan and Yakutsk regions, we assembled catalog picks from 3,170 events recorded at 56 stations. Each event has at least 8 P and S observations in order to reliably determine its location. Using the double-difference tomography method (Zhang and Thurber, 2003, 2006), our study for the first time provides a detailed seismic velocity model of the crust and upper mantle for this complicated area. The velocity models in Baikal and Amur regions, as reported in Zhang et al., (2007), show greater heterogeneities at shallow depths, as expected from the variable and complicated nature of the crust. Some Cenozoic and Quaternary rift-related basins around Lake Baikal such as the Upper
160
Angara (northeast) and Tunka (southwest) basins correlate very well to strong low-velocity anomalies. The preliminary velocity models in the Magadan and Yakutsk regions also show strong heterogeneities in the crust.
DTIC
Images; Imaging Techniques; Russian Federation; Seismic Waves
20100015014 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Ballard, Sandy; Young, Chris; Hipp, Jim; Barker, Glenn; Chang, Marcus; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL8500
Report No.(s): AD-A516243; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516243
Pseudo-bending is an algorithm for calculating seismic travel time through complex 3D velocity models. The algorithm was originally proposed by Um and Thurber (1987) and later extended by Zhao et al. (1992) to account for first order velocity discontinuities. We have modified Zhao’s method of handling discontinuities by implementing a two-dimensional (2D) minimization algorithm that searches for the point on the velocity discontinuity surface where Snell’s Law is satisfied. Further, our implementation reduces the likelihood that the pseudo-bending algorithm will return a local minimum by starting the ray calculation from several different starting rays. Specifically, interfaces are defined that include first order discontinuities plus additional interfaces at levels of the model where local minima might be generated. Rays are computed that are constrained to bottom in each layer between these interfaces. The computed rays might be reflected off the top of the layer, turn within the layer, or diffract along the interface at the bottom of the layer. The computed ray that is seismologically valid and that has the shortest travel time is retained. The modifications we have made to the algorithm have made it more accurate and robust but have also made it more computationally expensive. To mitigate this impact, we have implemented our software in a distributed parallel computing environment, which makes possible the calculation of many rays simultaneously.
DTIC
Algorithms; Bending; Calculators; Parallel Processing (Computers); Seismic Waves
20100015020 Geophysical Inst. of Israel, Lod, Israel
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
Gitterman, Yefim; Hofstetter, Rami; Sep 2008; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-07-C-0189
Report No.(s): AD-A516252; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516252
The Geophysical Institute of Israel (GII) started a new project of establishing a calibration infrasound dataset for the
Eastern Mediterranean/Middle East region for improvement of monitoring capabilities of international network infrasound stations. The dataset is intended to characterize the infrasonic wave propagation in the region: travel times, spectra, amplitudes, dependence on source yield, and atmospheric conditions. To achieve these goals, a series of experimental surface shots will be conducted at Sayarim Military Range (SMR), located in southern Israel, Negev desert, including the main calibration explosion of 80 tons (TNT equivalent). During the explosions numerous portable co-located infrasound and seismic systems will be deployed at near-source (0.1-1 km) (accelerometers), local (10-350 km), and regional distances
(500-1500 km) in neighboring countries (during the main explosion). Tripartite arrays of low-frequency electret condenser microphones will be installed at close distances less than 100 km, and Chaparral sensors will be used for infrasound observations at larger distances. Preliminary test explosions of broad yield range and various designs are planned during the first project year, on different days, including outdate ammunition detonations, conducted regularly at Sayarim Range, thus providing a wide range of atmospheric conditions. The test explosions are intended to fulfill a number of tasks: testing new infrasound recording systems; yield scaling signal amplitude/energy; testing charge design and preparations and conducting logistics for the big explosion; analyzing atmospheric effects on infrasound propagation in different azimuths, based on collected meteo-data about wind direction and velocity in different months; and validating safety estimations/conditions for successive increasing charges.
DTIC
Calibrating; Infrasonic Frequencies; Seismology; Wave Propagation
161
20100015022 Southern Methodist Univ., Dallas, TX USA
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
Herrin, Eugene T; Golden, Paul; Negraru, Petru T; McKenna, Mithan; Whitaker, Rodney; Sep 2008; 9 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-06-C-0028
Report No.(s): AD-A516275; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516275
Two controlled source experiments were conducted to study infrasound signal propagation at distances less than 300 km from the source. This area around a source is sometimes referred to as the zone of silence because, based on ray theory, no infrasound energy is expected to return to the ground. However, many observations of returned infrasound energy have been made at these distances. In 2006, the site at 76 km recorded both tropospheric and stratospheric arrivals, while at 108 and 157 km only stratospheric arrivals were recorded. In 2007, the site at 157 km recorded both tropospheric and stratospheric arrivals, while at 288 km both stratospheric and thermospheric arrivals were recorded. While stratospheric arrivals appear most frequently, atmospheric modeling with the InfraMAP software, did not predict these arrivals. Current modeling efforts focus on the tropospheric arrivals. Amplitude variations at NVIAR for sources with the same yield varied more than an order of magnitude on two consecutive days. The site located 157 km from the source observed variations by a factor close to five.
We therefore attempt to estimate the yields of the explosions using the predominant frequency content of the signals. The physical basis for such a method is found in an increased acoustic transit time of the explosion blast radius with increased yield. Past formulas were developed for old nuclear atmospheric explosions, but no extrapolation to the lower yields was ever performed. In the current work we use controlled sources with explosive yields of 2000-4,000 lbs. in order to verify the applicability of such a scale to lower yields. Preliminary results show that this is possible.
DTIC
Atmospheric Models; Infrasonic Frequencies
20100015029 PMD Scientific, Inc., Bloomfield, CT USA
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Abramovich, Igor A; Zhu, Tao; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-07ER84738
Report No.(s): AD-A516307; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516307
Effective global monitoring of nuclear explosions calls for a worldwide network of seismic stations equipped with the next generation high quality digital seismometers for nuclear monitoring recording data in the 0.02-16Hz band. This project addresses these requirements: it is aimed at the implementation of the next generation, very low noise, broadband, wide dynamic range, extremely robust force-balanced digital seismometer for seismic monitoring of nuclear explosions. Successful completion of this project will serve vital national interests in greatly facilitating global compliance with nuclear non-proliferation and detection of possible violations of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty by rogue states. The new seismometers should also be very competitive in various niches of the worldwide seismic market due to their valuable combination of high performance and exceptional ruggedness. The new generation seismometer uses improved electrochemical transducers built into three similar orthogonally mounted sensors, the latter based on conceptually new design ideas that, when implemented, will result in a drastic increase in signal to noise ratio. The principles of operation and detailed noise analysis of electrochemical motion sensors are presented along with the explanation of how such major noise reduction can and will be achieved. The new concept has shown to be promising based on test results of the experimental sensor prototypes. The new instruments should be easily and quickly deployable in field and stationary vault environments; they will be highly reliable and offer low cost of ownership since they require no maintenance: no mass locks; no mass position monitoring and/or mass centering over the full temperature range of -12 to +60 C. The extremely rugged design will greatly reduce the probability of damaging such instruments during transportation and handling.
DTIC
Low Noise; Noise Generators; Nuclear Explosions; Seismographs
20100015043 ENSCO, Inc., Springfield, VA USA
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Brogan, Ronald; Nava, Susan; Coyne, John; Jia, Yan; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516362; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516362
Four months of interactive seismic data analysis were conducted to describe the station characteristics of three
162
International Monitoring System (IMS) seismic stations (MKAR, SONM, and BVAR) located in central Asia. Specific study objectives included the location of all local and regional seismic events observed on the three stations, including single station events; identification of seismic sources routinely observed at each station; background noise characterization; identification of any biases in station azimuth, time, and slowness, etc. Additionally, these data provided a baseline for a separate study for evaluation, tuning, and enhancement of automatic and interactive processing functions at the International Data Centre (IDC).
During this project, notes were kept on the thresholds necessary at each station for a given event to be recorded at one of the other stations, trends in azimuth and velocity, and any timing errors. A total of 120 days of data were reviewed (July
20-October 17, 2006; January 1-30, 2007). Over 9,000 events with at least one of the three stations at an epicentral distance less than 20? were human-analyst reviewed, including phase identification and event location. About six percent of the located events included arrival times from all three stations, while about 16% included data from at least two stations. Thirty-nine event clusters, based on geographic and temporal distribution, were identified. The three stations MKAR, SONM, and BVAR are all high-quality seismic arrays. Noise levels at the stations are generally acceptable for the period reviewed, except during the following conditions: (1) a 4.5-Hz intermittent noise source at MKAR, (2) periodic high-frequency bursts on portions of the SONM array, and (3) a monochromatic ring occasionally observed on BVAR. Trends in observed biases were catalogued for each station based on azimuthal distribution.
DTIC
Asia; Seismology
20100015047 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Helmberger, Donald V; Rodgers, Arthur J; Ni, Sidao; Wei, Shengji; Tromp, Jeroen; Sep 2008; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-06NA27319; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516371; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516371
Earthquake source parameters underpin several aspects of nuclear explosion monitoring. Such aspects are: calibration of moment magnitudes (including coda magnitudes) and magnitude and distance amplitude corrections (MDAC); source depths; discrimination by isotropic moment tensor components; and waveform modeling for structure (including waveform tomography). This project seeks to improve methods for and broaden the applicability of estimating source parameters from broadband waveforms using the Cut-and-Paste (CAP) methodology. The CAP method uses a library of Green’s functions for a one-dimensional (1D, depth-varying) seismic velocity model. The method separates the main arrivals of the regional waveform into 5 windows: Pnl (vertical and radial components), Rayleigh (vertical and radial components) and Love
(transverse component). Source parameters are estimated by grid search over strike, dip, rake and depth and seismic moment or equivalently moment magnitude, MW, are adjusted to fit the amplitudes. Key to the CAP method is allowing the synthetic seismograms to shift in time relative to the data in order to account for path-propagation errors (delays) in the 1D seismic velocity model used to compute the Green’s functions. The CAP method has been shown to improve estimates of source parameters, especially when delay and amplitude biases are calibrated using high signal-to-noise data from moderate earthquakes, CAP+.
DTIC
Nuclear Explosions; Seismic Waves; Simulation; Waveforms
20100015048 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Modeling Travel-Time Correlations Based on Sensitivity Kernels and Correlated Velocity Anomalies
Rodi, William L; Myers, Stephen C; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-05NA26603; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516372; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516372
This project concerns the errors in predicted regional and teleseismic travel times resulting from velocity heterogeneity in the real Earth not represented in the reference Earth model used for travel-time calculation. We are developing techniques for calculating the covariances between such prediction errors associated with different event-station paths, based on a statistical characterization of the velocity heterogeneity and the theoretical travel-time sensitivity to the Earth’s velocity structure for each path. This effort is motivated by previous discoveries that event location errors can be reduced when a locator uses the full covariance matrix for travel-time prediction errors, including off-diagonal elements to account for correlations. Moreover, a physical model for travel-time covariances potentially provides useful constraints in the construction
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of empirical travel-time correction surfaces. We have developed numerical algorithms that generate a covariance matrix for first-arrival P-wave travel times along paths to various station locations from a fixed event location. Calculations with various station geometries reveal a strong dependence of the travel-time variances and covariances on the spatial sampling of seismic rays. For example, we find that prediction-error variances are smaller for teleseismic P arrivals than for Pn arrivals since teleseismic rays travel a shorter, more vertical path in the upper mantle, whereas most of the Pn path is in the upper mantle where velocity heterogeneity is greatest. Our calculated travel-time variance vs. distance curve agrees well with empirical results for a Eurasian data set when the standard deviation of velocity heterogeneity decreases from 2% to 1% at the 410 km discontinuity. We further find that correlation between travel times can be parameterized by inter-station distance only when both stations observe the same travel-time branch, but distinct breaks in residual correlation occur at the cross-over of bran
DTIC
Anomalies; Correlation; Kernel Functions; Sensitivity
20100015049 Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Anderson, Dale N; Fagan, Deborah K; Taylor, Steven R; Mercier, Theresa M; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-RLO1830
Report No.(s): AD-A516373; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516373
For event discrimination, operational implementation of a regional seismic station requires three sequential calibration analyses. (1) Magnitude, distance, and amplitude corrections (MDAC) made to observe regional amplitudes are necessary so that what remains in the corrected amplitude is mostly information about the seismic source-type. Corrected amplitudes can be used in ratios to discriminate between earthquakes and explosions. Calibration of MDAC can be accomplished with empirical Bayes estimation, which naturally provides metrics to determine when adequate calibration data have been acquired, and provides statistical assurance that the errors associated with MDAC calibration are negligible in future operational discrimination analysis. (2) MDAC-corrected amplitudes can then be used in ratios to discriminate between earthquakes and explosions. However, there remain source effects such as those due to depth, focal mechanism, local material property and apparent stress variability that cannot easily be determined and applied as amplitude corrections. We have developed a mathematical model to capture these near source effects as random (unknown) giving an error partition of three sources: model inadequacy, station noise and amplitude correlation. This mathematical model is the basis for a general multi-station regional discriminant. Calibration analysis for the standard error of the discriminant includes the calculation of the variances of model inadequacy and station noise, and amplitude correlation. (3) Likelihood-based seismic event identification analysis with
MDAC discriminants requires estimated source population means and covariance matrices for the discriminants from each of the possible source types used in our analysis (e.g., deep earthquake, shallow earthquake, and explosion).
DTIC
Calibrating; Discriminant Analysis (Statistics); Seismology
20100015050 Weston Geophysical Corp., Lexington, MA USA
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Bonner, Jessie L; Herrmann, Robert B; Pasyanos, Michael E; Benz, Harley; Harkrider, David G; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-04NA25547; DE-FC52-06NA27320
Report No.(s): AD-A516374; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516374
During the final year of our project, we have calibrated the use of surface-wave magnitudes (Ms), measured at regional distances as a rapid and robust estimator of seismic moment. We have used the Russell (2006) variable period surface-wave magnitude formula to convert Ms to seismic-moment magnitude, Mw, at local to regional distances using global datasets. In this pilot study, the Russell Ms technology was applied to 169 North American events with 3.2 Mw 6.5 at distances ranging from 48 to 5,268 km. The technique uses a time-domain magnitude estimation procedure that employs zero-phase Butterworth filters to effectively measure Rayleigh-wave Airy phase amplitudes at local and near-regional distances (e.g., 1000 km). This allows for surface wave magnitudes to be estimated within minutes of the initiation of a seismic event. Of the 7,370 event-station pairs, more than half (4,051) of the measurements were at distances 1,000 km. The Ms estimates were regressed against moment magnitudes (Mw) estimated from P-wave modeling and/or Rayleigh- and Love-wave spectral amplitudes
(Herrmann et al., 2008). Mw can be estimated using the relationship: Mw = 1.951 + 0.649 Ms. The observed scatter in the
164
estimated Mw was approximately 0.2 magnitude units. The residuals between true and Ms-predicted Mw have a definable faulting mechanism effect, especially when strike-slip events are compared to those with other mechanisms. Preliminary results suggest that our Ms:Mw relationship for North America is also transportable to the Middle East and the Korean
Peninsula. We have also determined a methodology to estimate the Ms detection thresholds for the Russell formula. Broadband noise estimates for any seismic station, which are typically in units of acceleration m2/s3 and decibels, can be converted to nanometers (nm) and input into the Russell equation for variable-period surface waves.
DTIC
Calibrating; Distance; Estimates; Seismic Waves
20100015152 Geophysical Inst. of Israel, Holon, Israel
Dynamic Features and Identification of Regional Seismic Signals From Dead Sea Calibration Shots
Gitterman, Yefim; Hofstetter, Rami; Sep 2000; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DSWA01-97-C-0151
Report No.(s): AD-A516260; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Three large-scale underwater chemical explosions were conducted on November 8-11, 1999 in the Dead Sea. One of the main objectives of the experiment was to provide data for source characterization to improve the IMS detection, location and discrimination capabilities. The explosions were recorded by the Israel Seismic Network (ISN) including 23 short-period (SP) stations, two auxiliary IMS broadband (BB) stations MRNI and EIL, BB station JER, and three temporary BB stations deployed at sites of the planned Israeli CNF stations. The magnitude values, determined from SP recordings, fit well the empirical relationship obtained from previous explosions: M(L) = 0.285 + log(10)W(kg), confirming a high seismic efficiency of the shots. The efficiency was also estimated by determination of energy of seismic waves recorded at local seismic stations relative to the explosives energy. A clear spectral modulation, caused by the bubble pulsation effect, is observed in all SP and
BB seismograms. The bubble periods, determined from the harmonic series on smoothed spectra of ISN seismograms, are in good agreement with the modified Willis’ (1963) empirical equation: T(b) = 2.1*W(1/3)/(P(0) + d*)(5/6), where P(0) is the pressure at the sea level (10.778 m of water column), the shot depth d=70 m, water density = 1.236g/cm(3).
DTIC
Calibrating; Seas; Seismic Waves; Underwater Explosions
20100015163 URS Group, Inc., San Francisco, CA USA
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Ni, Sidao; Chu, Risheng; Thio, Hong K; Pitarka, Arben; Helmberger, Donald V; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-03NA99505
Report No.(s): AD-A516395; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In previous reports, we have concentrated on validating ground truth locations by modeling extended faults with combined Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and waveform inversions and using various combinations of seismic data at all ranges. The final task of this project involves combining the ground-truth (GT) events from the community to validate paths at all distances for regions of interest. These calibrations can then be used to address higher order source parameters (directivity) and low yield explosions. As the recent Korean shot demonstrated, we can probably expect to have a small set of teleseismic, far-regional and regional data to analyze in estimating the yield of an event. Since stacking helps to bring signals out of the noise, it becomes useful to conduct comparable analyses on neighboring events, explosions or earthquakes. If these auxiliary events have accurate locations, moments, and source descriptions, we have a means of directly comparing effective source strengths. We now have over 30 events with well determined locations, by cluster analysis, local arrays, and/or INSAR, and source parameters. Many of these events have the Cut-And-Paste (CAP) methodology applied, where sections of synthetic seismograms are allowed to shift in time relative to the data in order to account for path corrections. The method has been shown to be greatly improved at higher frequency (2 to .5 Hz) by adding amplitude corrections, CAP+, and constructing site-responses. We demonstrate that both far-regional containing triplications and teleseismic waveform data can be used effectively to retrieve source parameters with such corrections. These corrections can be larger than 10 at many stations which has prevented the inversion of small events in the past. Moreover, certain paths prove difficult to calibrate because of rapidly varying waveforms while some prove stable, i.e., ABKT, and ANTO. We present calibration results for both 1D and 3D models for these se
DTIC
Calibrating; Detection; Remote Sensing
165
20100015164 Symphony Acoustics, Inc., Rio Rancho, NM USA
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Carr, Dustin W; Bogart, Gregory R; Goodman, Seth; Baldwin, Patrick; Robinson, David; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-08ER85108
Report No.(s): AD-A516396; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The threat of nuclear proliferation remains a critical issue in our society. Prevention requires knowledge, and there is no greater indicator of the capability and intent of a nation than observation of actual detonation tests being conducted.
Ground-based monitoring systems have proven to be very capable in identifying nuclear tests, and can provide somewhat precise information on the location and yield of the explosive device. Making these measurements, however, currently requires very expensive and bulky seismometers that are difficult to deploy in places where they are most needed. A high-performance, compact device can enable rapid deployment of large scale arrays, which can in turn be used to provide higher quality data during times of critical need. We are pursuing a design that is based upon a proven optical sensing modality, and will combine this interferometric transducer with a new mechanical system design in order to achieve the required sensor self-noise of 0.5
nano-g/Hz1/2, with a total dynamic range of more than 150 dB. This will be accomplished in a form factor that is approximately 1 cm3 per axis, and a power consumption below 30 mW. These metrics would represent substantial advancements over the existing state of the art. Lower cost, smaller sensors will enable wide-scale deployment of sensor arrays, which will also greatly enhance our understanding of the earth and provide early-warning systems for earthquakes and tsunami. Slight variations in the sensor design will also find extensive use in oil and gas exploration.
DTIC
Interferometry; Lasers; Miniaturization; Seismographs
20100015172 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Haiti Earthquake: Crisis and Response
Margesson, Rhoda; Taft-Morales, Maureen; Feb 19, 2010; 69 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516429; CRS-7-5700; CRS-R41023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The largest earthquake ever recorded in Haiti devastated parts of the country, including the capital, on January 12, 2010.
The quake, centered about 15 miles southwest of Port-au-Prince, had a magnitude of 7.0. A series of strong aftershocks have followed. Experts estimate the earthquake caused $8 to $14 billion in damage. Approximately 3 million people, roughly one third of the overall population, have been affected by the earthquake with more than 1.2 million displaced. The government of Haiti is reporting an estimated 230,000 deaths and 300,000 injured. In the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, President
Rene Pr val described conditions in his country as unimaginable, and appealed for international assistance. As the humanitarian relief operation continues, the government is struggling to restore the institutions needed for it to function, ensure political stability, and address long-term reconstruction and development planning. Prior to the earthquake, the international community was providing extensive development and humanitarian assistance to Haiti. With that assistance, the Haitian government had made significant progress in recent years in many areas of its development strategy. The destruction of Haiti’s nascent infrastructure and other extensive damage caused by the earthquake will set back Haiti?s development significantly.
A post-disaster needs assessment is being conducted, and Haiti’s long-term development plans are now being revised.
DTIC
Earthquakes; Haiti; International Relations
20100015173 Science Applications International Corp., McLean, VA USA
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Bahavar, Manochehr; Barker, Brian W; Bennett, Theron J; Israelsson, Hans G; Kohl, Benjamin C; Kung, Yu-Long; Murphy,
John R; Oancea, Victoria; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASG60-03-C-0009
Report No.(s): AD-A516432; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Research and Development Support Services (RDSS) project of the Space and Missile Defense Command (SMDC) provides a range of resources and services for use in nuclear explosion monitoring R&D. This presentation focuses on some recent enhancements to the infrasound, seismic, and hydroacoustic resources, which can be accessed from the RDSS website at http://www.rdss.info. In particular, ongoing developments and improvements are related to (1) the nuclear explosion database (NEDB) and (2) infrasound signals and associated source information. The RDSS project has traditionally maintained an archive of information on source parameter data and waveforms from worldwide nuclear explosions. A major revision and
166
update of the NEDB includes newly published or revised source information about historical explosions, access to additional or corrected waveform data for some explosions, and new data from more recent nuclear tests (viz., North Korea). New web tools for accessing the NEDB archive include GoogleMap visualization of alternative event locations, displays of recording station information (e.g., data availability and station parameters), seismic travel time residual displays, and new waveform display and retrieval options, which include options for simple prefiltering and signal rescaling during data review prior to download. Identification of infrasound events for the RDSS infrasound database has continued. The effort is based primarily on seismic-event bulletins, volcanic activity reports, meteor observations, announcements on rocket launches and information appearing in the news media. The search for infrasound signals associated with events in these reports and bulletins is utilizing the automatic detection lists of International Monitoring System (IMS) stations augmented with the processing of waveform data from the SMDC waveform archive.
DTIC
Infrasonic Frequencies; Nuclear Explosions
20100015255 Norwegian Seismic Array, Kjeller, Norway
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Ringdal, Frode; Kvaerna, Tormod; Mykkeltveit, Svein; Gibbons, Stevn J; Shweitzer, Johannes; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-05-C-0224
Report No.(s): AD-A516624; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project represents a three-year research effort aimed at improving seismic and infrasonic monitoring tools at regional distances, with emphasis on the European Arctic region, which includes the former Novaya Zemlya test site. The project has three main components: a) to improve seismic processing in this region using the regional seismic arrays installed in northern
Europe, b) to investigate the potential of using combined seismic/infrasonic processing to characterize events in this region and c) to carry out experimental operation, evaluation and tuning of the seismic threshold monitoring technique. The recent upgrade of the Spitsbergen seismic array, which has included the installation of five new three-component seismometers, as well as an increase in the sampling rate from 40 to 80 Hz, has resulted in significant improvements in high-frequency signal characterization as well as S-phase detection. Our studies have shown a remarkably efficient wave propagation from events near Novaya Zemlya across the Barents Sea. Significant signal energy at frequencies of up to 30 Hz and above has been observed, even for seismic events below a magnitude 3 at an epicentral distance of more than 1,000 km. In order to investigate if this same efficient propagation could be observed at the ARCES array in northern Norway, we have recently installed additional recording equipment at the center broadband element of ARCES, with a sampling rate of 100 Hz. Our initial results are similar to those seen at Spitsbergen. We should note that the available high-frequency data so far does not include events to the east and northeast of the ARCES array, and the high-frequency propagation from the Novaya Zemlya region to ARCES is therefore still unknown. As more data are accumulated, we may be in a position to carry out a detailed study of the high-frequency propagation characteristics for additional paths in the region. Analysis of data from temporary seismic stations installed as part of th
DTIC
Arctic Regions; Infrasonic Frequencies; Research; Rocket Launching; Russian Federation
20100015382 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper- Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous Inversions
Rowe, Charlotte A; Maceira, Monica; Begnaud, Michael L; Steck, Lee K; Phillips, W Scott; Proceedings of the 30th
Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies,; Sep 2008, pp. 251-260; In
English; 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23-25 Sep. 2008,
Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516112; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516112
New tomographic models have been developed to obtain improvements to travel-time predictions for a variety of crustal and upper-mantle seismic phases, and we approach the problem with both independent datasets and joint, simultaneous inversion of diverse geophysical parameters. New Pg and Lg velocity models in Eurasia improve estimates of crustal travel times across the region. Inversion of Pg and Lg travel times improves RMS by tilde 30% compared to iasp91. Site terms for both phases show similar patterns and likely reflect thicknesses and velocities of sediments above the upper crust. Event terms
167
are tilde 1 s, suggesting 5-10-km-average depth errors. Velocities are consistent with typical upper-crustal velocities set forth in the Department of Energy (DOE) Unified Model but suggest more geographic variability. Upper-mantle shear wave (Sn) velocity tomography, including Sn gradient within the upper mantle, has been performed both with and without anisotropy.
We use events that are GT25 and better, with depths of less than 50 km and path lengths between 400 and 1700 km. The 14,645 events recorded at 2,399 stations yielded 144,933 raypaths. Most arrivals were obtained from the International Seismological
Centre (ISC), Annual Bulletin of Chinese Earthquakes (ABCE), and Earthquake Data Reports (EDR) catalogs. Crustal leg corrections assume 45-km average crustal thickness, 3.6-km/s velocity, and 52-degree incidence angles beneath station and source. The RMS reduction after inversion is tilde 56%. Sn velocities mirror those found for Pn; however, the Sn gradient appears to be weaker. Solving for anisotropy removes some high-frequency oscillations; the anisotropy appears to follow that found for Pn.
DTIC
Anisotropy; Crusts; Earth Crust; Geophysics; Inversions; S Waves; Seismic Waves; Wave Propagation
20100015391 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Oman, Luke; Waugh, D. W.; Kawa, S. R.; Stolarski, R. S.; Douglass, A. R.; Newman, P. A.; April 2009; 43 pp.; In English;
Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015391
Stratospheric ozone is expected to increase during the 21st century as the abundance of halogenated ozone-depleting substances decrease to 1960 values. However, climate change will likely alter this ‘recovery’ of stratospheric ozone by changing stratospheric temperatures, circulation, and abundance of reactive chemical species. Here we quantity the contribution of different mechanisms to changes in upper stratospheric ozone from 1960 to 2100 in the Goddard Earth
Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model (GEOS CCM), using multiple linear regression analysis applied to simulations using either Alb or A2 greenhouse gas (GHG) scenarios. In both these scenarios upper stratospheric ozone has a secular increase over the 21st century. For the simulation using the Alb GHG scenario, this increase is determined by the decrease in halogen amounts and the greenhouse gas induced cooling, with roughly equal contributions from each mechanism. There is a larger cooling in the simulation using the A2 GHG scenario, but also enhanced loss from higher NOy and HOx concentrations, which nearly offsets the increase due to cooler temperatures. The resulting ozone evolutions are similar in the
A2 and Alb simulations. The response of ozone due to feedbacks from temperature and HOx changes, related to changing halogen concentrations, are also quantified using simulations with fixed halogen concentrations.
Author
Atmospheric Composition; Climate Models; Ozone; Stratosphere; Earth Observing System (EOS)
20100015403 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division 2009 Science Highlights
Strong, Keith T.; Saba, Julia L. R.; Strong, Yvonne M.; February 2009; 254 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-215854; Rept-2010-00248; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A12 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015403
This report is intended to record and communicate to our colleagues, stakeholders, and the public at large about heliophysics scientific and flight program achievements and milestones for 2009, for which NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center’s Heliophysics Science Division (HSD) made important contributions. HSD comprises approximately 299 scientists, technologists, and administrative personnel dedicated to the goal of advancing our knowledge and understanding of the Sun and the wide variety of domains that its variability influences. Our activities include: Leading science investigations involving flight hardware, theory, and data analysis and modeling that will answer the strategic questions posed in the Heliophysics
Roadmap; Leading the development of new solar and space physics mission concepts and support their implementation as
Project Scientists; Providing access to measurements from the Heliophysics Great Observatory through our Science
Information Systems; and Communicating science results to the public and inspiring the next generation of scientists and explorers.
Author
Atmospheric Physics; Solar Physics; Tomography; Mission Planning; Sun; Observatories
168
20100015444 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Rodgers, Arthur J.; Matzel, Eric; Pasyanos, Micael E.; Petersson, Anders; Sjogreen, Bjorn A.; Bono, Caroline; Vorobiev, Oleg;
Antoun, Tarabay H.; Lomov, Ilya N.; Walter, William R.; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516106; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516106
The development of accurate numerical methods to simulate wave propagation in three-dimensional (3D) earth models and advances in computational power offer exciting possibilities for modeling the motions excited by underground nuclear explosions. This presentation will describe recent work to use new numerical techniques and parallel computing to model earthquakes and underground explosions to improve understanding of the wave excitation at the source and path-propagation effects. Firstly, we are using the spectral element method (SEM, SPECFEM3D code of Komatitsch and Tromp, 2002) to model earthquakes and explosions at regional distances using available 3D models. SPECFEM3D simulates an elastic wave propagation in fully 3D earth models in spherical geometry with the ability to account for free surface topography, anisotropy, ellipticity, rotation and gravity. Results show in many cases that 3D models are able to reproduce features of the observed seismograms that arise from path-propagation effects (e.g., enhanced surface wave dispersion, refraction, amplitude variations from focusing and defocusing, tangential component energy from isotropic sources). We are currently investigating the ability of different 3D models to predict path-specific seismograms as a function of frequency. A number of models developed using a variety of methodologies are available for testing. These include the WENA/Unified model of Eurasia (e.g. Pasyanos et al
2004), the global CUB 2.0 model (Shapiro and Ritzwoller, 2002), the partitioned waveform model for the Mediterranean (van der Lee et al., 2007) and stochastic models of the Yellow Sea Korean Peninsula region (Pasyanos et al., 2006). Secondly, we are extending our Cartesian an elastic finite difference code (WPP of Nilsson et al., 2007) to model the effects of free-surface topography. WPP models an elastic wave propagation in fully 3D earth models using mesh refinement to increase computational speed and improve memory efficiency. Thir
DTIC
Nuclear Explosions; Parallel Processing (Computers); Phenomenology; Seismic Waves; Simulation; Three Dimensional
Models; Underground Explosions
20100015464 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA
Global Ionospheric Processes
Pedersen, Todd R.; Mishin, Evgeny; Beach, Theodore; Groves, Keith; Quinn, John; Mills, Travis; Esposito, Robert;
Valladares, Cesar; Basu, Santimay; Starks, Michael; MacKenzie, Eileen; October 29, 2008; 33 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2311
Report No.(s): AD-A515141; AFRL-RV-HA-TR-2009-1004; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515141
The Global Ionospheric Processes basic research task has focused on three core areas: the equatorial ionosphere, the polar ionosphere, and active experiments. In equatorial ionospheric research, the group concluded work on previous solar maximum experiments including the Conjugate Points Experiment (COPEX), made preparatory investigations for C/NOFSA satellite mission, and carried out initial research with the satellite after launch. In the high latitudes, a chain of stations across the polar cap was completed with the installation of instruments at Station Nord, Greenland, to observe the formation and evolution of polar cap patches and scintillation-producing irregularities. Significant progress was made in understanding substorm plasma injections as they relate to subauroral plasma streams and other phenomena near the plasmasphere boundary. A number of advances were made in active experiments, especially with the HAARP facility. This included reproduction of artificial optical emissions from the E layer, quantitative determination of optical emission generation efficiency, and investigations into naturally occurring subauroral precipitation structures that could prove useful for controlled particle precipitation experiments.
We also detail a number of technology transitions resulting from this research.
DTIC
Equatorial Regions; Polar Regions; Earth Ionosphere
169
20100015466 California Univ., Santa Cruz, CA USA
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Lay, Thorne; Xie, Xiao-Bi; Yang, Xiaoning D.; Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; 1-11; 11 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review:
Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516017; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516017
We are developing regional-phase (Pn, Pg, Sn, Lg) tomographic attenuation models for Eurasia. The models will be integrated into the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Knowledge Base and used in the Magnitude and
Distance Amplitude Correction (MDAC) station calibration for the development of regional seismic discriminants. Our current focus is on Pn, an extremely important phase in seismic event identification. Accurately accounting for regional-phase geometric spreading is critical for the development of useful attenuation models. It is particularly important for Pn and Sn waves because the propagation mode of these waves makes them more susceptible to upper mantle velocity structures and the
Earth’s sphericity, which in turn causes the geometric spreading of Pn (and Sn) to be dependent on frequency as well as on range in a complicated way. We conduct numerical simulations to quantify Pn and Sn geometric spreading in a spherical Earth model with constant mantle velocities. Based on our simulation results, we have presented new Pn and Sn geometric spreading models in the form G(r,) = [10(n/3)(f)/r(0)] (r(0)/r)(n/1)(f)(log)(r(0)/r) + (n/2)(f) and n(i)(f)=n(i)[log(f/f(0)](2) + n(i2)
(log)(f/f(0)) + n(i3), where i = 1, 2, or 3; r is epicentral distance; f is frequency; r(0) = 1 km and f(0) = 1 Hz. We derive values of coefficients n(ij) by fitting the model to computed Pn and Sn amplitudes for a spherical Earth model having a 40-km-thick crust, generic values of P and S velocities and a constant-velocity uppermost mantle. We applied the new spreading model to observe data in Eurasia to estimate average Pn attenuation, obtaining more reasonable results compared to using a standard power-law model. Our new Pn and Sn geometric-spreading models providing generally applicable reference behavior for spherical Earth models with constant uppermost-mantle velocities.
DTIC
Asia; Attenuation; Europe; Knowledge Based Systems; Seismology; Tomography
20100015471 Norwegian Seismic Array, Kjeller, Norway
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the European Arctic
Bungum, Hilmar; Pasyanos, Michael E.; Faleide, Jan I.; Clark, Stephen A.; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC52-08NA28651; AC52-07NA28116
Report No.(s): AD-A516012; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516012
High-resolution seismic models are a critical component of calibrating earth structure for improved seismic monitoring.
We will in this study develop the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inversion method into an even stronger tool for deriving reliable three-dimensional seismic models of the crust and upper mantle, based on multiple types of geophysical data sets. This will be done by tuning the method to the European Arctic through development of a probabilistic geophysical model.
While a new and much improved model (BARENTS3D) recently has been developed for this region (Ritzmann et al., 2007), stochastic models have a potential to better represent our state of knowledge (and uncertainty) about geophysical structure because deterministic models do not express well the tradeoffs inherent in the data. Stochastic inverse methods also allow a more systematic exploration of the model space to help avoid the trap of falling into local minima. Finally, stochastic models allow prediction of observable distributions (and through them observable uncertainties).
DTIC
Arctic Regions; High Resolution; Inversions; Stochastic Processes; Tuning
20100015473 Weston Geophysical Corp., Lexington, MA USA
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
Bonner, Jessie L.; Stroujkova, Anastasia; Mayeda, Kevin M.; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC52-05NA26610; BAA05-59
Report No.(s): AD-A516009; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516009
Recent examinations of the characteristics of coda-derived S and Lg spectra for yield estimation have shown that the
170
spectral peak of Nevada Test Site (NTS) explosion spectra is depth-of-burial dependent, and that this peak is shifted to higher frequencies for Lop Nor explosions at the same depths. To confidently use coda-based yield formulas, we need to understand and predict coda spectral shape variations with depth, source media, velocity structure, topography, and geological heterogeneity. We are in the final year of a synthetic seismogram study to evaluate the characteristics of Lg coda generated from explosions and earthquakes. To meet our objectives, we have developed a deterministic model for the western USA and the NTS. In order to generate coda in our 2D and 3D pseudospectral simulations, heterogeneity was added in the crust and/or upper mantle. Three parameters?correlation length, Hurst number (H), and fractional velocity perturbation of the heterogeneities-are used to construct different realizations of random media. We have estimated the heterogeneity parameters for the NTS using available seismic and geologic data. Lateral correlation, variance and coherence measures between seismic traces are estimated from clusters of nuclear explosions and well-log data. The horizontal von Karman correlation length estimated for nuclear explosion Lg phases is between 0.4-1.1 km, with Hurst numbers between 0.3 and 0.6. A dominant heterogeneity dimension of 0.5-1.8 km results in best Lg coda coherence at frequencies between 1 and 4 Hz.
DTIC
Earthquakes; Explosions; Predictions; Seismograms
20100015481 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA
Developing and Exploiting a Unique Seismic Dataset from South African Gold Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Julia, Jordi; Nyblade, Andrew A.; Gok, Regin; Walter, William R.; Linzer, Lindsay; Durrheim, Ray; September 2008; 12 pp.;
In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-06NA27320; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516115; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516115
In this project, we are developing and exploiting a unique seismic dataset to address the characteristics of small seismic events and the associated seismic signals observed at local (200 km) and regional (2000 km) distances. The dataset is being developed using mining-induced events from three deep gold mines in South Africa recorded on in-mine networks (1 km) composed of tens of high-frequency sensors, a network of four broadband stations installed as part of this project at the surface around the mines (1-10 km), and a network of existing broadband seismic stations at local/regional distances (50-1000 km) from the mines. After a year of seismic monitoring of mine activity (2007), over 10,000 events in the range -3.4 ML 4.4 have been catalogued and recorded by the in-mine networks. Events with positive magnitudes are generally well recorded by the surface-mine stations, while magnitudes of 3.0 and larger are seen at regional distances (up to 600 km) in high-pass filtered recordings. We have analyzed in-mine recordings in detail at one of the South African mines (Savuka) to (i) improve on reported hypocentral locations, (ii) verify sensor orientations, and (iii) determine full moment tensor solutions. Hypocentral relocations on all catalogued events have been obtained from P- and S-wave travel-times reported by the mine network operator through an automated procedure that selects travel times falling on Wadati lines with slopes in the 0.6-0.7 range; sensor orientations have been verified and, when possible, corrected by correlating P-, SV-, and SH-waveforms obtained from theoretical and empirical (polarization filter) rotation angles; full-moment tensor solutions have been obtained by inverting P-,
SV-, and SH-spectral amplitudes measured on the theoretically rotated waveforms with visually assigned polarities.
DTIC
Africa; Characterization; Gold; Wave Propagation
20100015516 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Ringdal, Frode; Gibbons, Steven J.; Harris, David B.; The Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review:
Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; Sec. 2 - 16; 11 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring
Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-05NA26604; DE-AC52-07NA28116
Report No.(s): AD-A516232; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516232
Waveform correlation detectors compare a signal template with successive windows of a continuous data stream and report a detection when the correlation coefficient (CC), or some comparable detection statistic, exceeds a given threshold.
Since these methods exploit characteristic details of the full waveform, they provide exquisitely sensitive detectors with far lower detection thresholds than typical STA/LTA algorithms. The drawback is that the form of the sought after signal needs
171
to be known quite accurately a priori which limits such methods to instances of seismicity whereby a very similar signal has already been observed by every station used. Such instances include earthquake swarms, aftershock sequences, repeating industrial seismicity, and many other forms of controlled explosions. The reduction in the detection threshold is even greater when the techniques are applied to multiple channels since stacking can be performed on the correlation coefficient traces with a significant array-gain. A detected event that is co-located with the master event will record the same time-difference at every site in an arbitrarily spaced network which means that the correlation coefficient traces can be stacked coherently even when there is little or no similarity between the actual signals at the different sites. The focus in the first year of the contract was testing limits of detection capability for almost co-located seismic events. It was demonstrated that the signal from a magnitude 3.5 earthquake could be used as a template to detect nearby events 3 orders of magnitude smaller using multi-channel correlation detectors. This is an improvement better than one magnitude unit for an ARCES-style regional seismic array and better than 1.5 magnitude units for a larger network where coherent array processing was not possible.
DTIC
Algorithms; Autonomy; Calibrating; Correlation Detection; Seismic Waves; Waveforms
20100015517 Saskatchewan Univ., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering Parameters in Northern Eurasia
Morozov, Igor B.; September 2008; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-05NA26609
Report No.(s): AD-A516222; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516222
Magnitude-yield calibration of Northern Eurasia can be improved by using the large chemical and Peaceful Nuclear
Explosion (PNEs) seismic datasets acquired by the Soviet Deep Seismic Sounding (DSS) program. Currently, we are using inversion and numerical modeling to analyze the coda amplitude parameters and P-wave travel times from numerous DSS explosions, which would lead to a detailed empirical mapping of seismic properties within northern Eurasia. In this report,
PNE Lg coda amplitudes from seven profiles are inverted to produce maps of the following new coda parameters: 1) frequency-dependent scattering intensities, 2) geometrical parameter (gamma), and 3) effective quality (Qe). The gamma and frequency-independent Qe parameters replace the traditional frequency-dependent Q(f) = Q0(f/f0)n parameterization and provide stability, independence of assumptions of a background model, and convenience in interpretation. As we have shown before, parameter gamma also yields itself to independent numerical waveform modeling, correlates with crustal tectonic types, and may be a portable attribute valuable for coda regionalization. All three maps show notable correlations with regional tectonics and with recently derived maps of phase amplitude ratios and Lg Q.
DTIC
Asia; Attenuation; Europe; Nuclear Explosions; Scattering
20100015519 Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA USA
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from GT Events
Young, Christopher J.; Ballard, Sanford; Hipp, James R.; Chang, Marcus C.; Barker, Glen T.; Begnaud, Michael L.; Phillips,
W. Scott; Steck, Lee K.; Rowe, Charlotte A.; The Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; Sec. 1-32; 10 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring Research
Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL8500; DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516215; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516215
Increasingly, nuclear explosion monitoring is focusing on detection, location, and identification of small events recorded at regional distances. Because Earth structure is highly variable on regional scales, locating events accurately at these distances requires the use of region-specific models to provide accurate travel times. Improved results have been achieved with composites of 1D models and with approximate 3D models with simplified upper mantle structures, but both approaches introduce nonphysical boundaries that are problematic for operational monitoring use. Ultimately, what is needed is a true, seamless 3D model of the Earth. Towards that goal, we have developed a 3D tomographic model of the P velocity of the crust and upper mantle for the region of southcentral Asia centered around the Tibetan Plateau. Our model is derived from almost
140,000 Pn picks for more than 5300 events recorded at 563 stations from a Ground Truth (GT) dataset assembled by Los
Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Our starting model is the a priori model of East Asia developed by LANL, which is based on various global and regional studies. The topmost layers come from the Laske and Masters global sedimentary model
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from 1997. As our dataset lacks the resolution to improve this sedimentary portion of our model, we fix the velocity and depth of these layers, as well as the depths of the major mantle discontinuities (Moho, 410 km, 660 km). We invert for P velocities from the crust down through the upper mantle, along with source and receiver terms to account for the effects of event mislocation and fine-scale structure near the receiver not accounted for in the crustal model. Forward calculations are made using our own implementation of the Um and Thurber ray pseudo-bending approach (Ballard, 2008, these Proceedings) with full enforcement of Snell’s Law in 3D at the major discontinuities.
DTIC
Asia; Nuclear Explosions; Seismology; Three Dimensional Models; Tomography
20100015520 Michigan Aerospace Corp., Ann Arbor, MI USA
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer WHIGS
Fourguette, Dominique; Otugen, M. V.; Larocque, Liane M.; Ioppolo, Tindaro; September 2008; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-08ER85099
Report No.(s): AD-A516209; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516209
Low yield man-made seismic activity is difficult to detect and most often occurs in remote areas where seismic detection is weak. The Whispering Gallery mode-based seismometer (WhiGS) is an optical Micro-Electro-Mechanical System-based
(MEMS) instrument. The seismometer is a three-axis instrument, is compact, has low power consumption and is capable of unattended operation. WhiGS exploits morphology-dependent optical resonance shifts in small dielectric spheres ( 1 mm in diameter). These optical resonances, called whispering gallery modes (WGM), are extremely narrow, making the transducer highly sensitive to force ( 10(exp -9) Newtons). The MEMS sensing element in this seismometer has demonstrated a Q-factor of 10(exp 7). As a result, the instrument will be capable of measuring accelerations as low as 10 nano-g. This Phase I SBIR effort entails the development of the MEMS sensing elements and the complete design of a deployable 3-axis seismometer.
DTIC
Microelectromechanical Systems; Optical Equipment; Optical Resonance; Seismographs
20100015522 Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI USA
Seismic Characterization of Northeast Asia
Mackey, Kevin; Steck, Lee; Fujita, Kazuya; Hartse, Hans; Stead, Richard; The Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research
Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; Sec. 1-14; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-2004NA25540; DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516206; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516206
Our project of seismic characterization of northeast Asia has continued on a multi-faceted approach concentrating on eastern Russia, including field deployments, data synthesis and interpretation, database integration, and travel-time tomography. For field efforts, we deployed four remote seismic stations in the Seimchan-Buyunda basin in the Magadan region to get a better idea of baseline seismicity. Several events per day were recorded over approximately 40 days of station operation; the detection threshold for events was an order of magnitude higher than that of base stations in the cities. Suspected faulting-related geomorphological features observed in satellite images were also field checked along the Ulakhan Fault, a major earthquake generating feature, in this area. Fault scarps and sag ponds were identified cutting across a major alluvial fan. These dramatic features were previously undocumented and represent part of a major, but poorly understood fault system.
This fault likely represents ground truth locations of earthquakes in the area. For data analysis efforts, we completed interpretation of earthquake records from seismic stations deployed in the Stanovoi Range in 2006, including the determination of a composite focal mechanism. Other data analysis included extending our focal mechanism compilation of eastern Siberia to northeast Kamchatka, and analysis of seismicity and mechanisms in the Karaginsky Island area. Finally, we also updated focal mechanism and seismicity compilations for the Chersky Range.
DTIC
Asia; Seismology
20100015529 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information Services Center (HDISC): Products,
Services, and Applications
Fang, Hongliang; Beaudoing, Hiroko K.; Mocko, David M.; Rodell, Matthew; Teng, Bill; Vollmer, Bruce; [2010]; 11 pp.; In
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English; ASPRS Annual Conference, 26-30 Apr. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015529
Terrestrial hydrological variables are important in global hydrology, climate, and carbon cycle studies. The North
American and Global Land Data Assimilation Systems (NLDAS and GLDAS, respectively) have been generating a series of land surface states (soil moisture, snow, and temperature) and fluxes (evapotranspiration, radiation, and heat flux) variables.
These data, hosted at and available from NASA s Hydrology Data and Information Services Center (HDISC), include the
NLDAS hourly 1/8 degree products and the GLDAS 3-hourly 0.25 and 1.0 degree products. HDISC provides easy access and visualization and analysis capabilities for these products, thus reducing the time and resources spent by scientists on data management and facilitating hydrological research. Users can perform spatial and parameter subsetting, data format transformation, and data analysis operations without needing to first download the data. HDISC is continually being developed as a data and services portal that supports weather and climate forecasts, and water and energy cycle research.
Author
Hydrology; Soil Moisture; Carbon Cycle; Heat Flux; Radiant Heating; Evapotranspiration; Earth Surface
20100015552 Boston Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Heliospheric Hale Cycle
Owens, M. J.; Schwardron, N. A.; Crooker, N. U.; Hughes, W. J.; Spence, H. E.; Geophysical Research Letters; March 21
2007; ISSN 0094-8276; Volume 34; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06GC18G; NSF ATM-012950; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028795
The 11-year solar cycle variation in the heliospheric magnetic field strength can be explained by the temporary buildup of closed flux released by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). If this explanation is correct, and the total open magnetic flux is conserved, then the interplanetary-CME closed flux must eventually open via reconnection with open flux close to the Sun.
In this case each CME will move the reconnected open flux by at least the CME footpoint separation distance. Since the polarity of CME footpoints tends to follow a pattern similar to the Hale cycle of sunspot polarity, repeated CME eruption and subsequent reconnection will naturally result in latitudinal transport of open solar flux. We demonstrate how this process can reverse the coronal and heliospheric fields, and we calculate that the amount of flux involved is sufficient to accomplish the reversal within the 11 years of the solar cycle.
Author
Coronal Mass Ejection; Heliosphere; Solar Cycles; Solar Magnetic Field; Mathematical Models
20100015554 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the Sun
Crooker, N. U.; Kahler, S. W.; Gosling, J. T.; Lepping, R. P.; Journal of Geophysical Research; Dec. 24, 2008; ISSN
0148-0227; Volume 113; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06GC18G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013628
Most magnetic clouds encountered by spacecraft at 1 AU display a mix of unidirectional suprathermal electrons signaling open field lines and counterstreaming electrons signaling loops connected to the Sun at both ends. Assuming the open fields were originally loops that underwent interchange reconnection with open fields at the Sun, we determine the sense of connectedness of the open fields found in 72 of 97 magnetic clouds identified by the Wind spacecraft in order to obtain information on the location and sense of the reconnection and resulting flux transport at the Sun. The true polarity of the open fields in each magnetic cloud was determined from the direction of the suprathermal electron flow relative to the magnetic field direction. Results indicate that the polarity of all open fields within a given magnetic cloud is the same 89% of the time, implying that interchange reconnection at the Sun most often occurs in only one leg of a flux rope loop, thus transporting open flux in a single direction, from a coronal hole near that leg to the foot point of the opposite leg. This pattern is consistent with the view that interchange reconnection in coronal mass ejections systematically transports an amount of open flux sufficient to reverse the polarity of the heliospheric field through the course of the solar cycle. Using the same electron data, we also find that the fields encountered in magnetic clouds are only a third as likely to be locally inverted as not. While one might expect inversions to be equally as common as not in flux rope coils, consideration of the geometry of spacecraft trajectories relative to the modeled magnetic cloud axes leads us to conclude that the result is reasonable.
Author
Magnetic Clouds; Sun; Coronal Holes; Coronal Mass Ejection; Geophysics
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20100015562 Boston Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
Owens, M. J.; Arge, C. N.; Crooker, N. U.; Schwardron, N. A.; Horbury, T. S.; Journal of Geophysical Research; Dec. 2008;
ISSN 0148-0227; Volume 113; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06GC18G; NSF ATM-012950; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013677
A fraction of the total photospheric magnetic flux opens to the heliosphere to form the interplanetary magnetic field carried by the solar wind. While this open flux is critical to our understanding of the generation and evolution of the solar magnetic field, direct measurements are generally limited to single-point measurements taken in situ by heliospheric spacecraft. An observed latitude invariance in the radial component of the magnetic field suggests that extrapolation from such single-point measurements to total heliospheric magnetic flux is possible. In this study we test this assumption using estimates of total heliospheric flux from well-separated heliospheric spacecraft and conclude that single-point measurements are indeed adequate proxies for the total heliospheric magnetic flux, though care must be taken when comparing flux estimates from data collected at different heliocentric distances.
Author
Flux Quantization; Heliosphere; In Situ Measurement; Interplanetary Magnetic Fields; Magnetic Flux; Photosphere; Solar
Magnetic Field
20100015579 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization, Vienna, Austria
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data Fusion Exercise 2007
Wotawa, Gerhard; Becker, Andreas; September 2008; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516572; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Atmospheric Transport Modelling (ATM) is a Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) verification technology that provides the required network processing capability for measurements at radionuclide stations (particulate as well as noble gas). The associated radionuclide source location analyses are a crucial element of the treaty verification system, since they can be compared and overlaid with localization information obtained from the waveform technologies. Based on the 2003 cooperation agreement between the CTBTO Organization (CTBTO) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), a
WMO Executive Council decision in 2007 and an exchange of letters between the CTBTO Executive Secretary and the
Secretary General of WMO, the CTBTO Provisional Technical Secretariat (PTS) can now request ATM computations from
WMO Centres in near-real-time in case of anomalous radionuclide measurements. Currently, nine WMO Centres in Europe
(5), North America (1), Asia (2), and Australia (1) are participating. The system serves two purposes, namely (a) to supplement and add confidence to the PTS in-house computations, and (b) to form an ensemble modeling system that accounts for the inherent uncertainty of single models and individual meteorological analyses. The system is scheduled for entry into PTS provisional operations in September 2008. The PTS and WMO have conducted a joint atmospheric backtracking exercise in
December 2007. The exercise was triggered by a seismic event from the Standard Event List (SEL3) selected according to predefined criteria, and a forward simulation of the possible release of radionuclides at this event location was performed by the event selection team to obtain a subsequent measurement scenario at IMS radionuclide sites. The evolving measurement scenario was then communicated to the PTS Monitoring and Data Analysis Section, exactly according to the timelines laid down in the Operational Manual.
DTIC
Atmospheric Models; Atmospheric Physics; Multisensor Fusion; Physical Exercise; World Meteorological Organization
20100015729 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA
Explosion Source Model Development in Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for
Shock-Induced Tensile Failure
Patton, Howard J.; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516259; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516259
The traditional source model for long-period seismic waves from nuclear explosions consists of a monopole releasing tectonic strain. Tectonic release has been studied since the 1960’s, and numerous studies have shown that linear superposition of monopole + double-couple sources can explain many observations of Rayleigh and Love waves. Free surface interactions and the dynamics of shock-wave rebound are responsible for modes of tensile failure which can also lead to permanent deformations affecting long-period excitation. Indeed, the vast majority of nuclear explosions worldwide were conducted
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under containment conditions that facilitated shock-induced, deep-seated tensile failure. A new source model, which is a superposition of monopole + tectonic release + shock-induced tensile failure, is proposed, the latter source represented by a compensated-linear-vector dipole (CLVD) with vertical axis of symmetry. This CLVD source does not excite Love waves. I draw upon the Toksoz-Kehrer (1972) model for tectonic release where F is an index measuring long-period source strength of the release relative to monopole moment MI. A new index K, analogous to F, is introduced, providing a relative measure of MCLVD, the source strength of tensile failure. MCLVD vanishes for K = 1, and is 0 in the case of extensional deformation along the vertical axis, e.g., K 1. Rayleigh waves from the CLVD destructively interfere with waves from the monopole, and polarity reversals occur on all azimuths for K 3 in Poisson media. Most Nevada Test Site (NTS) observations support 1 K 3, and as such the new model predicts lower Ms compared to the traditional model involving just tectonic release. This effect of tensile failure on Ms improves mb - Ms discrimination and suggests that anomalously large Ms compared to mb for the
North Korean test of 9 October 2006 is due to the absence of tensile failure on this explosion.
DTIC
Explosions; Failure; Monopoles; Nuclear Explosions; Seismic Waves; Tectonics
20100015731 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO USA
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced
Algorithms
Engdahl, Eric R.; Bergman, Eric A.; Myers, Stephen C.; Ryall, Floriana; September 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-03NA99516; DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516257; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516257
This research has the goal of developing in-country data sets that can be used to improve ground-based monitoring capabilities in southern Asia, in particular the region bounded by 20-44 deg N and 41-67 deg E, by providing information needed to develop and test more accurate travel-time models for seismic phases that propagate in the crust and upper mantle.
We have also incorporated phase picks from an experienced analyst who reviewed waveforms of particular interest for specific events. These in-country arrival times and analyst-reviewed picks have been associated with known earthquakes reported by international agencies, combined with existing bulletin readings, and relocated using the Engdahl et al. (1998; EHB) methodology. Using in-country data, we have formed new events, mostly at lower magnitudes that were not previously included in standard global earthquake catalogs. This has resulted in a catalog of earthquakes in the region for the period
1923-2008 for events larger than about magnitude 2.5. Catalog events larger than about magnitude 4.0 have been highly reviewed. Events at lower magnitudes have been relocated with a standard procedure similar to the EHB procedure, but not all have been systematically reviewed. We have performed hypocentroidal decomposition (HDC) calibration analyses on 27 earthquake clusters, containing 989 events, in the region. Of these, three clusters could not be calibrated at all. Twenty-two clusters contain at least one event with a calibrated location that meets GT5 criteria, a total of 549 GT5 events. We present a summary of the results of these calibration studies in the form of absolute travel-time information derived from the calibrated clusters, showing distance-dependence of travel times of different phases from different source regions. We also present summaries of empirical reading error determinations and of travel-time variability for different phases.
DTIC
Algorithms; Asia; Earthquakes; Ground Truth; Seismology; Waveforms
20100015735 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under Different Confinement and Media
Conditions
Bonner, Jessie L.; Stump, Brian W.; Walter, William R.; Yang, Xiaoning; Leidig, Mark R.; The Proceedings of the 30th
Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; 10 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-08NA28655; DE-FC52-06NA27324
Report No.(s): AD-A516333; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516333
Some of the data-analysis results from the 2003 Arizona Source Phenomenology Experiments (SPE) were unexpectedexplosions in slow-velocity limestone appear to be mainly isotropic under most emplacement conditions, while explosions in higher-velocity granite porphyry are marked by interesting source anisotropy. Even though the emplacement media were different, we did not expect to observe such prominent differences in the explosion phenomenology. While the SPE project
176
was successfully completed, important questions remain regarding the fundamental physical mechanisms behind these differences, which could have important implications on explosion-generated S-wave models. To improve our understanding of the physics behind the explosive-source phenomena, we are comparing the SPE data to that of other explosion experiments, including the Non-Proliferation Experiment (NPE). We are attempting to (1) develop a physical interpretation of the different
SPE sources using comparative moment tensors analyses; (2) quantify the effects of spall, compensated linear vector dipole
(CLVD), and other secondary sources; (3) characterize near-source, local, and regional S-wave phases, including prominent
SH waves; (4) conduct moment tensor inversions of NPE explosions, including an overburied 177-kg calibration explosion, for comparison to the SPE explosions; and (5) examine the variability of regional phase partitioning from single-fired and production mining explosions in order to assess the transportability of regional discriminants. We have just started a two-year, multi-phase physical basis investigation aimed at developing a new explosion source model explaining the differences between the isotropic explosions in highly fractured limestone and anisotropic explosions in granite porphyry.
DTIC
Confinement; Explosions; Seismic Energy; Seismic Waves
20100015744 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC Discrimination Procedure Using Two-Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S
Spectral Ratios
Fish, Mark D.; Taylor, Steven R.; Patton, Howard J.; Walter, William R.; Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research
Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring
Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516356; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516356
Using extensions of theoretical source models for earthquakes and explosions, Fisk (2006, 2007) provided a consistent model-based explanation of the frequency dependence of regional P/S discriminants at all major nuclear test sites as mainly due to larger systematic differences in P- and S-wave corner frequencies for explosions than earthquakes, as well as different spectral shapes. This project focuses on exploiting this new understanding to improve discrimination of earthquakes and explosions using regional data. The main objective is to develop and test an innovative processing and discrimination procedure, based on robust features of multi-dimensional spectral ratios for regional seismic phases, and using comparisons to source models. In this paper, two-dimensional grids of P/S spectral ratios for all combinations of frequencies of P- and
S-wave spectra are shown to exhibit much greater differences in relative spectral amplitudes and shapes between explosions and earthquakes than considered before. The approach builds naturally upon the Magnitude and Distance Amplitude
Correction (MDAC) technique (Taylor and Hartse, 1998; Taylor et al., 2002; Walter and Taylor, 2002), correcting the spectra for source, geometrical spreading, attenuation, and site effects. The analysis is first applied to underground nuclear explosions
(UNEs) at the Semipalatinsk Test Site and regional earthquakes recorded by station WMQ (Urumchi, China). Measurements from the grids are considered that include a traditional Pn/Lg discriminant, a broadband cross-spectral ratio (highfrequency
Pn and low-frequency Lg), and the root-mean-squared misfit to the MDAC model, under the hypothesis of a Brune (1970) earthquake source. The latter two, especially cross-spectral Pn/Lg, are shown to vastly improve discrimination performance over traditional Pn/Lg and to increase the applicability rate due to higher Lg signal-tonoise at lower frequencies.
DTIC
Nuclear Explosions; Seismic Waves; Spectra; Underground Explosions
20100015745 Eentec, Kirkwood, MO USA
Seismic Detection Using Mini Seismometer
Leugoud, Robert J.; September 2008; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-08ER85090
Report No.(s): AD-A516355; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516355
The goal of this Phase 1 SBIR project is to develop a very small, versatile, rugged, low power, low noise, one or three-axis short-period seismometer. The total sensor size should be less than 1 cubic inch; and low power consumption and low sensor self noise below the USGS Low Earth Noise Model, with dynamic range at least 120 dB over a frequency band of 0.2 to 40
Hz. All commercially available high performance seismometers using various technologies are large, heavy and consume high power. The user must often face a difficult choice: use instruments with significantly lower performance characteristics, or reduce the size of the network. Our company, eentec, proposes a solution for this problem of designing a seismometer using
177
a new technology of liquid inertial masses and electrochemical transducers. This overall approach will miniaturize a medium period seismometer while maintaining low self noise with low power consumption.
DTIC
Miniature Electronic Equipment; Seismographs; Transducers
20100015749 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth Mining Events in the Western U.S. and Its Implications for Discrimination
Capability in Russia
Arrowsmith, Marie D.; Arrowsmith, Stehen J.; Stump, Brian W.; Hedlin, Michael; Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring
Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; 30th
Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth,
VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516348; DE-FC52-03NA99510; DE-AC52-06NA25396; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical
Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516348
The problem of identifying mining events has become an important one given the deployment of regional seismic stations in monitoring areas of interest, particularly in countries where mining efforts are significant to the economy. As with other types of regional events, signals from mining events are influenced by the propagation path and local site and receiver effects.
Unique to mining explosions, however, are the complex source functions that are representative of the complicated firing sequences and spatial extent utilized in engineering blasts. Many factors contribute to the source function, including grid spacing, inter-row and inter-shot delay times, borehole depth, yield per hole, material casting, and total yield. During this four year study, we have developed a comprehensive database of 150,000 waveforms featuring 2500 mining events and 1300 earthquakes. This database covers mines in the U.S. and in Russia; we have focused analysis on two regions: events associated with coal mines in Wyoming and regional earthquakes of the Western U.S., as well as mining events and nearby earthquakes in the Altai-Sayan (AS) region of Russia. Due to extensive collaboration with the largest coal mine in Wyoming and the nation, we have detailed shot information for 1000 mining events, classified into six distinct blast types. We have limited information for events in the AS region based upon contacts with the AS Seismological Expedition. We have applied three discriminants to data from 11 stations and one array in the Western U.S. The first discriminant, time-of-day (TOD), assesses the time an event occurs. In general, for our dataset, mining events occur between 9am and 6pm local time, while earthquakes are randomly distributed with respect to time. The second discriminant, amplitude ratios (AR), exploits spectral differences between regional phases due to source type. For the Western U.S dataset, results for Pg/Lg (6-8 Hz) are highly station centric.
DTIC
Ground Truth; Mining; Russian Federation; Seismology; Waveforms
20100015819 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX USA
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean System Including a Stochastic Interface
Kattawar, George W; Jan 2008; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0069
Report No.(s): AD-A516776; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516776
The major objective of this proposal is to calculate the 3-D, time dependent radiation field both within the ocean and in the atmosphere in the presence of a stochastically varying interface which may also be perturbed by sea foam, air bubbles, surfactants, rain, etc. This study will serve as the genesis to the future evolution of an inversion algorithm whereby one could reconstruct images that have been distorted by the interface between the atmosphere and the ocean or the ocean itself. This study will rely heavily on both the spectral and polarimetric properties of the radiation field to deduce both the sea state and the perturbations produced on it. A second phase of this study will be to explore the asymptotic polarized light field and to determine how much information can be obtained about the IOPs of the medium by measuring it. The third phase of this proposal will deal with the problem of improving image resolution in the ocean using some novel polarimetric techniques that we are just beginning to explore. Once these studies have been completed using a passive source, it will be rather straightforward to extend them to active sources where we can explore the use of both photo-acoustic and ultrasoundmodulated optical tomography to improve image resolution.
DTIC
Air Water Interactions; Earth Atmosphere; Marine Environments; Radiative Transfer; Stochastic Processes; Time Dependence
178
20100015820 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation Model
Haiducek, John; Mar 2010; 142 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516782; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516782
The High Energy Laser End-to-End Operational Simulation (HELEEOS) off-axis scattering algorithm is designed to predict the irradiance that will be detected at a given off-axis location due to atmospheric scattering of a high-energy laser.
The HELEEOS system models the propagation of the laser through the atmosphere, accounting for such effects as turbulence, thermal blooming, and atmospheric absorption. The HELEEOS off-axis scattering algorithm uses the scattering phase functions of the Mie scattering models to predict the amount of radiation that will be scattered toward a particular observation location from each point along the beam path, and the total irradiance that will be received at that location. Algorithm outputs were compared with data from a laser test conducted at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base using 1.53-1.59 micronmeters communications lasers operating at 0.6 W of power. The ooff-axis irradiance was measured using an Indium Gallium Arsenide
(InGaAs) camera. A software application was developed to assist in camera calibration and the analysis of the collected images. The application was used to reduce the data from each image to a single irradiance value which could be compared with HELEEOS predictions. Preliminary results show an agreement within 1-2 orders of magnitude between the HELEEOS algorithm and the measured off-axis irradiance, although the potential exists for improving this result through more detailed analysis of the same data set.
DTIC
Atmospheric Scattering; Axial Flow; High Power Lasers; Indium Gallium Arsenides; Lasers; Simulation
20100015865 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Controls on Earthquake Rupture and Triggering Mechanisms in Subduction Zones
Llenos, Andrea L; Jun 2010; 119 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): EAR-0738641; G10AP00004
Report No.(s): AD-A516941; MIT/WHOI-2010-08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516941
This thesis investigates earthquake rupture and triggering in subduction zones using earthquake observations, statistical and physical modeling. Comparison of rupture characteristics of M =7.5 earthquakes with fore-arc structure suggests that frictional heterogeneities (asperities) primarily control the extent of large earthquakes. To identify stress accumulation on the megathrust that could cause an asperity to rupture, this thesis develops a new method to detect space-time variations in stressing rate from earthquake catalogs, based on observations that strain transients due to aseismic processes such as fluid flow or slow slip trigger seismicity, often as swarms. These swarms are modeled with two approaches for investigating driving mechanisms in catalogs: the stochastic Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence model [Ogata, 1988] and the rate-state friction model [Dieterich, 1994]. These approaches are combined into a model accounting for seismicity rate variations due to both aftershocks and aseismic processes, which is implemented in a data assimilation algorithm to detect transients in earthquake catalogs. The technique is evaluated with a synthetic test and applied to the Salton Trough in southern California and the
Hokkaido corner in northeastern Japan. The algorithm successfully identifies aseismic transients in these multi-decade catalogs and may ultimately be useful for mapping spatial variations in frictional conditions on the megathrust.
DTIC
Earthquakes; Heterogeneity; Seismology; Subduction (Geology)
20100015974 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA
Tsunami Detection System
Ruffa, Anthony A, Inventor; Mar 22, 2010; 17 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-D020440; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADD020440
The present invention is directed to tsunami detection. In particular, the present invention is directed to a system that can reduce the amount of time it takes to detect a tsunami by an order of magnitude by using an underwater fiber optic cable as a pressure sensor. Although tsunami waves contain tremendous energy, their distributed nature (e.g., very long periods and wavelengths) make detection difficult. A satellite radar sensor spanning the length of an ocean. A tsunami is considered a shallow water wave, having a large wavelength compared to the ocean depth. A tsunami can have wavelengths ranging from
100 to 500 km, and amplitudes up to 60 cm (i.e., a pressure signal of up to 1 psi). A telecommunications grade optical fiber
179
cable fitted with repeaters, can measure pressure signals over spatial cells as small as 0.5 m using Rayleigh scattering effects and optical time delay reflectometry. The tsunami pressure signals are extracted from the pressure signals generated by wind-generated water waves through signal processing to distinguish between the substantial differences in wavelength, period and propagation speed.
DTIC
Detection; Tsunami Waves
20100016006 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Phase Unwrapping in the Presence of Strong Turbulence
Pellizzari, Casey J; Mar 2010; 157 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517280; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-23; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Phase unwrapping in the presence of branch points using a least-squares wave-front reconstructor requires the use of a
Postprocessing Congruence Operation (PCO). Branch cuts in the unwrapped phase are altered by the addition of a constant parameter h to the rotational component when applying the PCO. Past research has shown that selecting a value of h which minimizes the proportion of irradiance in the pupil plane adjacent to branch cuts helps to maximize performance of adaptive-optics (AO) systems in strong turbulence. In continuation of this objective, this research focuses on optimizing the
PCO while accounting for the cumulative effects of the integral control law. Several optimizations are developed and compared using wave-optics simulations. The most successful optimization is shown to reduce the normalized variance of the
Strehl ratio across a wide range turbulence strengths and frame rates, including decreases of up to 25 percent when compared to a non-optimized PCO algorithm. AO systems which depend on high, steady Strehl ratio values serve to benefit from these algorithms.
DTIC
Adaptive Optics; Turbulence
20100016010 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
Oesch, Denis W; Sanchez, Darryl J; Tewksbury-Christle, Carolyn M; Kelly, Patrick R; Jun 1, 2009; 14 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2301
Report No.(s): AD-A517293; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The atmospheric turbulence simulator used in testing in the atmospheric simulation and adaptive-optic laboratory test-bed at Starfire Optical Range is configured based on three characteristics: Fried’s parameter, the Rytov number and the Greenwood
Frequency. All three may be estimated from open loop data as a means of verifying the simulated turbulence conditions for a given test configuration. However, unlike Fried’s parameter and the Greenwood Frequency the Rytov number isn’t directly calculated. Instead the scintillation index is estimated from intensity measurements. At low Rytov values, (0.3-0.4), this measurement can approximate the Rytov number; however beyond a Rytov of 0.4 this parameter becomes saturated. Branch
Points begin to appear after the Rytov value exceeds 0.1. In this work the behavior of branch point density is examined to determine its viability as another parameter for calibration our turbulence simulator.
DTIC
Aggregates; Atmospheric Circulation; Atmospheric Turbulence; Simulators; Turbulence
20100016015 Air Force Technical Applications Center, Patrick AFB, FL USA
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Junek, W N; Roman-Nieves, J; Kemerait, R C; Woods, M T; Creasey, J P; Oct 14, 2009; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517312; AFTAC-TR-09-006; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper we present a routine that exploits the power of seismic arrays and cepstral techniques to estimate the depth of an event directly from the observed seismograms. A discussion of the pertinent geophysical assumptions, cepstral processing algorithm, stable peak identification via cepstrograms, false alarm reduction methodology, and our array-based
180
depth estimation routine is presented. An analysis of several shallow events is performed and compared to results produced by a standard location algorithm, waveform forward modeling, and previously published solutions.
DTIC
Cepstral Analysis; Depth; Seismology
47
METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
Includes weather observation forecasting and modification.
20100014816 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on Climate Model Simulations with
Specified SST
Schubert, Siegfried; Wang, Hailan; Suarez, Max; Koster, Randal; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources; Abstract Only
The USCLIV AR working group on drought recently initiated a series of global climate model simulations forced with idealized SST anomaly patterns, designed to address a number of uncertainties regarding the impact of SST forcing and the role of land-atmosphere feedbacks on regional drought. The runs were done with several global atmospheric models including
NASA/NSIPP-l, NCEP/GFS, GFDLlAM2, and NCAR CCM3 and CAM3.5. Specific questions that the runs are designed to address include: What are mechanisms that maintain drought across the seasonal cycle and from one year to the next. To what extent can droughts develop independently of ocean variability due to year-to-year memory that may be inherent to the land.
What is the role of the different ocean basins? Here we focus on the potential predictability of drought conditions over the
USA. Specific issues addressed include the seasonality and regionality of the signal-to-noise ratios associated with Pacific and
Atlantic SST forcing, and the sensitivity of the results to the climatological stationary waves simulated by the different
AGCMs.
Author
Atmospheric Models; Climate Models; Climatology; Feedback; Sensitivity; Signal to Noise Ratios; Structural Basins
20100014817 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
The Origin of Monsoons: The Role of Continental-Scale Landmass
Chao, Winston; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
In a challenge to the traditional explanation for the cause of monsoons Chao and Chen (JAS 2001) argued that land-sea thermal contrast is not necessary for the existence of monsoons. However, the question of whether land-sea thermal contrast plays any modifying role still exists. This study tries to answer that question. The result is a more complete theory of the origin of monsoons than that proposed by Chao and Chen. Two criticisms of the traditional explanation for the cause of monsoons do not apply to this theory. They are: 1) no explanation for monsoon onset and retreat, let alone the fact that monsoon onset is much faster than monsoon retreat, and 2) for the South Asian monsoon, land-sea thermal contrast is greatest just prior to monsoon onset, not at the height of the monsoon season. Land-sea thermal contrast acts as a facilitator for monsoon onset.
If it does not exist, monsoon onset can still occur but at a later time. Our results are supported by GCM experiments.
Author
Monsoons; Precipitation (Meteorology); Ground Wind
20100014829 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Susskind, Joel; Molnar, Gyula; Iredell, Lena; Apr. 14, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; International TOVS Study Conference - XVII
(ITSC), 14-20 Apr. 2010, Monterey, CA, USA; Original contains fold-outs or oversized pages that could not be scanned;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Anomalies and trends of OLR serve as important indicators of climate change. Several satellite based instruments currently provide information related to OLR. CERES, on board the EOS Aqua and Terra satellites, contains broad band radiometers that measure total flux and short-wave flux, from which OLR is determined. AIRS is a high spectral resolution
IR sounder on EOS Aqua that measures IR radiances covering most of the spectral interval 650/cm to 2670/cm. These observations enable the determination of detailed information about atmospheric temperature, moisture, and ozone profiles, as well as surface skin temperatures and cloud parameters. The AIRS OLR product is the total flux over the spectral interval
2/cm to 2750/cm computed for the surface and atmospheric state determined from AIRS observations. We compared spatial
181
anomalies and trends of OLR, over the seven year period September 2002 through August 2009, as observed by CERES and computed using Version-5 AIRS products. These two sets of OLR anomalies and trends, obtained in very different ways, agree with each other almost perfectly in essentially every detail. This important finding shows that a very stable high spectral infra-red sounder such as AIRS corroborates the anomalies and trends of OLR obtained from CERES. More significantly, anomalies and trends of the individual geophysical parameters derived from AIRS explain the detailed causes of the anomalies and trends of CERES OLR. Both sets of results show that global mean OLR has been decreasing at a rate of 0.12 W/sq m/yr over the seven year time period under study. Both also confirm that the primary cause of this is due to changes in the tropics, in which OLR has been decreasing at a rate of 0.27 W/sq m/yr. AIRS products show that the decrease of tropical OLR is a result of increasing tropical atmospheric water vapor and cloud cover over that time period studied, which in turn is responding to a very strong La Nina; a event starting in late 2007. Equatorial ocean temperatures between 160 E and 120 W cooled considerably during this time period, with corresponding local decreases in mid-tropospheric humidity and cloud cover, resulting in increases in local OLR. This was more than compensated by substantial increases in water vapor and cloud cover elsewhere in the tropics, resulting in a net decrease in tropical OLR. The AIRS Version-5 products currently extend through
December 2009. An El Nino event began in late 2009. AIRS products show that tropical OLR began to increase at that time, and there was a corresponding reversal of sign of tropical cloud and water vapor anomalies.
Author
Atmospheric Composition; Climate Change; Cloud Cover; El Nino; Ocean Temperature; Surface Temperature; Geophysics;
Atmospheric Temperature; Atmospheric Moisture
20100014868 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to Study the Precipitation Processes
Tao, Wei-Kuo; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
In recent years, exponentially increasing computer power has extended Cloud Resolving Model (CRM) integrations from hours to months, the number of computational grid points from less than a thousand to close to ten million. Three-dimensional models are now more prevalent. Much attention is devoted to precipitating cloud systems where the crucial 1-km scales are resolved in horizontal domains as large as 10,000 km in two-dimensions, and 1,000 x 1,000 km2 in three-dimensions. Cloud resolving models now provide statistical information useful for developing more realistic physically based parameterizations for climate models and numerical weather prediction models. It is also expected that NWP and mesoscale model can be run in grid size similar to cloud resolving model through nesting technique. Recently, a multi-scale modeling system with unified physics was developed at NASA Goddard. It consists of (1) a cloud-resolving model (Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model,
GCE model), (2) a regional scale model (a NASA unified weather research and forecast, WRF), (3) a coupled CRM and global model (Goddard Multi-scale Modeling Framework, MMF), and (4) a land modeling system. The same microphysical processes, long and short wave radiative transfer and land processes and the explicit cloud-radiation, and cloud-land surface interactive processes are applied in this multi-scale modeling system. This modeling system has been coupled with a multi-satellite simulator to use NASA high-resolution satellite data to identify the strengths and weaknesses of cloud and precipitation processes simulated by the model. In this talk, a review of developments and applications of the multi-scale modeling system will be presented. In particular, the results from using multi-scale modeling system to study the interactions between clouds, precipitation, and aerosols will be presented. Also how to use of the multi-satellite simulator to improve precipitation processes will be discussed.
Author
Atmospheric Models; Cloud Physics; Clouds (Meteorology); Numerical Weather Forecasting; Climate Models; Aerosols;
Mesoscale Phenomena; Three Dimensional Models; Earth Surface
20100014871 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the South Asian Monsoon?
Lau, William K.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Monsoon 2007, 24-28 Jul. 2007, Bangalore, India; No Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources; Abstract Only
Aerosols are known to have the ability to block off solar radiation reaching the earth surface, causing it to cool - the so-called solar dimming (SDM) effect. In the Asian monsoon region, the SDM effect by aerosol can produce differential cooling at the surface reducing the meridional thermal contrast between land and ocean, leading to a weakening of the monsoon. On the other hand, absorbing aerosols such as black carbon and dust, when forced up against the steep slopes of the southern Tibetan Plateau can produce upper tropospheric heating, and induce convection-dynamic feedback leading to an advance of the rainy season over northern India and an enhancement of the South Asian monsoon through the ‘Elevated Heat
Pump’ (EHP) effect. In this paper, we present modeling results showing that in a coupled ocean-atmosphere-land system in
182
which concentrations of greenhouse gases are kept constant, the response of the South Asian monsoon to dust and black carbon forcing is the net result of the two opposing effects of SDM and EHP. For the South Asian monsoon, if the increasing upper tropospheric thermal contrast between the Tibetan Plateau and region to the south spurred by the EHP overwhelms the reduction in surface temperature contrast due to SDM, the monsoon strengthens. Otherwise, the monsoon weakens.
Preliminary observations are consistent with the above findings. We find that the two effects are strongly scale dependent. On interannual and shorter time scales, the EHP effect appears to dominate in the early summer season (May-June). On decadal or longer time scales, the SDM dominates for the mature monsoon (July-August). Better understanding the physical mechanisms underlying the SDM and the EHP effects, the local emission and transport of aerosols from surrounding deserts and arid-regions, and their interaction with monsoon water cycle dynamics are important in providing better prediction and assessment of climate change impacts on precipitation of the Asian monsoon land regions.
Author
Aerosols; Air Water Interactions; Asia; Monsoons; Solar Radiation; Surface Temperature; Temperature Effects; Air Land
Interactions; Atmospheric Models
20100014988 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA
The Effects of Data Processing and Environmental Conditions on the Accuracy of the USNO Timescale
Breakiron, Lee A; Dec 1988; 16 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516078; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516078
Humidity has significant long-term effects on cesium clock rates that may be controlled environmentally, but not during data processing. Allan variances are minimized at a temperature depending on the clock and clock type. There is no dependence of Allan variance on manufacturing batch. A surprisingly large fraction of clock rate and variance changes may be attributed to human interference or the need for it. Little or no improvement is obtained by altering the unity-or-zero weighting scheme of the current USNO timescale algorithm. An algorithm based on robust ARIMA modelling yields a timescale that may differ markedly and is in most respects inferior to that generated by the current algorithm. The NIST algorithm is comparable in accuracy and stability to the current algorithm, except on the short term, where it is significantly less stable.
DTIC
Clocks; Data Processing; Humidity
20100015274 Front Edge Technology, Inc., Baldwin Park, CA USA
Temporal and Spatial Scales of Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and Non-conserved Optical Properties and Transformations within the Estuary
Barnard, Andrew H; Roesler, Collin S; Jan 2008; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-04-C-0133; N00014-08-C-0630
Report No.(s): AD-A516690; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Hydrologic optics provides an approach to characterizing physical and biogeochemical processes in aquatic systems over a range of time and space scales. The linkage between observations of the inherent optical properties (IOPs; absorption, scattering and fluorescence) and the geophysical properties lie in the establishment of robust optical proxies and the quantification of the temporal and spatial scales over which these proxies remain conservative in their properties. Our objectives are to identify and quantify specific optical and chemical characteristics of the colored particulate and dissolved fractions originating in the Penobscot River system that are associated with defined land use activities (land use proxies), and to determine the scales of variability over which these proxies can be detected both temporally (i.e. seasonal and episodic events) and spatially (from the source into coastal waters.
DTIC
Coasts; Estuaries; Land Use; Optical Properties; Particulates; Rivers
20100015386 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA; Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA, USA
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and Water Vapor Expansions
Jansen, Ryan; Wysong, Ingrid; Gimelsheim, Sergey; Zeifman, Micheal; Buck, Udo; Feb 5, 2010; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WU 23080532
Report No.(s): AD-A516326; AFRL-RZ-ED-JA-2010-036; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516326
A computational approach capable of modeling homogeneous condensation in non-equilibrium environments is
183
presented. The approach is based on the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method, extended as appropriate to include the most important processes of cluster nucleation and evolution at the microscopic level. The approach uses a recombination-reaction energy dependent mechanism of the DSMC method for the characterization of dimer formation, and the RRK model for the cluster evaporation. Three-step testing and validation of the model is conducted by (i) comparison of clusterization rates in an equilibrium heat bath with theoretical predictions for argon and water vapor and adjustment of the model parameters, (ii) comparison of the non-equilibrium argon cluster size distributions with experimental data, and (iii) comparison of the nonequilibrium water cluster size distributions with experimental measurements. Reasonable agreement was observed for all three parts of the validation.
DTIC
Argon; Mathematical Models; Nonequilibrium Flow; Water; Water Vapor
20100015393 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate Model with Parameterized Ozone
Chemistry
Hurwitz, M. M.; Braesicke, P.; Pyle, J. A.; [2010]; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015393
In a pair of idealized simulations with a simplified chemistry-climate model, the sensitivity of the wintertime Arctic stratosphere to variability in the width of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is assessed. The width of the QBO appears to have equal influence on the Arctic stratosphere as does the phase (i.e. the Holton-Tan mechanism). In the model, a wider QBO acts like a preferential shift toward the easterly phase of the QBO, where zonal winds at 60 N tend to be relatively weaker, while 50 hPa geopotential heights and polar ozone values tend to be higher.
Derived from text
Climate Models; Ozone; Quasi-Biennial Oscillation; Atmospheric Chemistry; Polar Regions; Stratosphere; Sensitivity
Analysis
20100015440 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Key Response Planning Factors for the Aftermath of Nuclear Terrorism
Buddemeir, B. R.; Dillon, M. B.; August 2009; 40 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52007NA27344
Report No.(s): DE2009-966550; LLNL-TR-410067; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This study, which is focused primarily upon the hazards posed by radioactive fallout, used detailed fallout predictions from the advanced suite of threedimensional (3-D) meteorology and plume/fallout models developed at Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory (LLNL), including extensive global geographical and real-time meteorological databases to support model calculations. This 3-D modeling system provides detailed simulations that account for complex meteorology and terrain effects. The results of initial modeling and analysis were presented to federal, state, and local working groups to obtain critical, broad-based review and feedback on strategy and messaging.
NTIS
Emergencies; Nuclear Explosions; Terrorism
20100015583 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
Susskind, Joel; Iredell, Lena; April 05, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; SPIE Symposium on SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing,
5-9 Apr. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015583
AIRS (Atmospheric Infra-Red Sounder), was launched, in conjunction with AMSU-A (Advanced Microwave Sounding
Unit-A) on the NASA polar orbiting research satellite EOS (Earth Observing System) Aqua satellite in May 2002 as a next generation atmospheric sounding system. Atmospheric sounders provide information primarily about the vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature and water vapor distribution. This is achieved by measuring outgoing radiation in discrete channels (spectral intervals) which are sensitive primarily to variations of these geophysical parameters. The primary objectives of AIRS/AMSU were to utilize such information in order to improve the skill of numerical weather prediction as well as to measure climate variability and trends. AIRS is a multi-detector array grating spectrometer with 2378 channels
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covering the spectral range 650/cm (15 microns) to 2660/cm (3.6 microns) with a resolving power (i/a i) of roughly 1200 where a i is the spectral channel bandpass. Atmospheric temperature profile can be determined from channel observations taken within the 15 micron (the long-wave CO2 absorption band) and within the 4.2 micron (the short-wave CO2 absorption band). Radiances in these (and all other) spectral intervals in the infrared are also sensitive to the presence of clouds in the instrument?s field of view (FOV), which are present about 95% of the time. AIRS was designed so as to allow for the ability to produce accurate Quality Controlled atmospheric soundings under most cloud conditions. This was achieved by having 1) extremely low channel noise values in the shortwave portion of the spectrum and 2) a very flat spatial response function within a channel?s FOV. IASI, the high spectral resolution IR interferometer flying on the European METOP satellite, does not contain either of these important characteristics. The AIRS instrument was also designed to be extremely stabile with regard to its spectral radiometric characteristics, which is critical with regard to the ability to measure accurate long term trends.
Author
Numerical Weather Forecasting; Spectrometers; Atmospheric Sounding; Earth Observing System (EOS); Infrared
Interferometers; Temperature Profiles; Radiometers; Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit; Atmospheric Temperature; Field of View
20100015680
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009
ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program Metric Report
Johnson, K.; Mather, J. H.; Jensen, K.; July 14, 2009; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-964189; DOE/SC-ARM/P-09-012; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
Clouds represent a critical component of the Earths atmospheric energy balance as a result of their interactions with solar and terrestrial radiation and a redistribution of heat through convective processes and latent heating. Despite their importance, clouds and the processes that control their development, evolution and lifecycle remain poorly understood. Consequently, the simulation of clouds and their associated feedbacks is a primary source of inter-model differences in equilibrium climate sensitivity. An important step in improving the representation of cloud process simulations is an improved high-resolution observational data set of the cloud systems including their time evolution. The first order quantity needed to understand the important role of clouds is the height of cloud occurrence and how it changes as a function of time. To this end, the
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facilities (ACRF) suite of instrumentation has been developed to make the observations required to improve the representation of cloud systems in atmospheric models.
NTIS
Alaska; Cities; Climate; Climate Change; Occurrences; Research Facilities
20100015697 National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, NC, USA
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the NOAA Satellites, 1999
Graumann, A.; Lott, N.; November 2000; 33 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107781; NCDC-TR-2000-03; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This annual report is a summary of the 1999 Atlantic Hurricane season, and provides a synopsis of each named tropical storm using textual information obtained from the National Hurricane Centers Summary of the 1999 Atlantic Season report and the National Weather Services Preliminary Storm Data reports with complimentary satellite imagery. The tables of station precipitation data were created from NWS cooperative and airport stations. The numbers for deaths and damages were obtained from several sources including the NHC Preliminary Hurricane Reports, Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA), and state emergency management agencies. These numbers are subject to revision.
NTIS
Atlantic Ocean; Meteorological Satellites; NOAA Satellites; Tropical Regions; Tropical Storms
20100015924 Department of Natural Resources and Parks, Seattle, WA USA
Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington
Shuman, Randy; Nairn, Bruce; Jan 2002; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-1-0543
Report No.(s): AD-A517191; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517191
Estuaries, fjords and sounds are important, major components of marine ecosystems worldwide. Because of this, and their
185
generally poor treatment by man, large estuaries should be the focus of large-scale, multidisciplinary, integrative modeling efforts. We need to both understand how these systems work, and be able to predict how they will respond to changes, whether natural or anthropogenic. Puget Sound, Washington State’s largest inland sea, is both the largest fjord in the lower forty-eight states and closest to the substantial urban centers of Seattle, Tacoma, Everett and surrounding communities. Relative to other coastal systems, Pacific Northwest fjords have seasonally high annual phytoplankton standing stock and primary production, and they support several economically valuable fisheries. Our long-term goals are to develop quantitative understanding of the seasonal and longer time-scale variabilities of the Sound’s circulation, roles of water column stratification, nutrients, and light
(and their interactions) on phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics, and the sensitivity of the physical and the biological system to natural and human perturbations. We will develop models of Puget Sound that can aid agencies with responsibilities for environmental management in making informed decisions and serve as marine science education tools.
DTIC
Ecosystems; Marine Environments; Sounds (Topographic Features)
20100016071 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under Various Surface Boundary Conditions
Stramski, Dariusz; Jan 2008; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0071
Report No.(s): AD-A517465; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project is part of the Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean (RaDyO) program which aims at developing an understanding of variability in underwater radiance distribution and its relation to dynamic processes within the ocean-atmosphere boundary layer. The principal objective of our project is to measure wave-induced fluctuations in underwater light field under various sea-surface boundary conditions. The specific objectives include the characterization of wave-induced fluctuations in downwelling irradiance and radiance as a function of various environmental parameters such as wind/wave conditions, sky radiance distribution, direction of radiance observation, depth of observation, and water optical properties. Because of the complexity of the problem and multiplicity of factors affecting the light field fluctuations, achieving a comprehensive characterization of all these effects is unrealistic within the timeframe of the RaDyO program. Our study will focus on selected problems and environmental factors as the project progresses throughout the phase of main field experiments. The central theme of our study is to characterize light fluctuations at shallow depths caused by surface wave focusing under clear skies.
The focusing events are the most intense fluctuations that occur on temporal scales of a fraction of a second. The primary objectives for this reporting period were focused on the execution of two major field experiments, first the test experiment at the Scripps Pier in January 2008, and second, the main RaDyO experiment on FLIP and KILO MOANA in the Santa Barbara
Channel in September 2008. The central idea of our project is to conduct in situ measurements of high-frequency fluctuations in underwater light field produced by surface waves under various boundary conditions. Our approach towards this objective builds largely on our past research experience in the area of wave-induced light fluctuations.
DTIC
Air Water Interactions; Boundary Conditions; Measurement; Optical Properties; Radiance; Surface Properties; Surface
Waves
20100016086 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Hansen, J; Bishop, C; Doyle, J; Goerss, J S; Holt, T R; McLay, J; Reynolds, C; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517519; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In recognition of the importance of quantifying uncertainty in atmosphere-ocean forecasting for the purpose of managing operational risk, NRL-Monterey (MRY) is involved in several related efforts in support of the design, utility, and evaluation of forecasts that utilize and quantify uncertainty. NRL-MRY recently stood up the Probabilistic Prediction Research Office
(PRO) to help facilitate and coordinate these efforts. The PRO also reaches out to users, decision makers, and funding agencies to better understand the environment in which meteorology and oceanography (METOC)-related decisions are made and to identify situations in which probabilistic environmental information can be utilized. NRL-MRY research efforts that attempt to exploit uncertainty information for improved understanding and decision making include the following: research on the design of the global atmospheric ensemble forecast system; research in the use of stochastic parameterizations to account for model uncertainty, which holds promise for improved ensemble forecasting of tropical cyclone track forecasts; the design of a new mesoscale atmospheric ensemble forecasting system, which accounts for model uncertainty through varying parameters in the physical parameterization schemes and perturbing sea surface and land surface forcing; use of ensemble-based covariances for data assimilation and adaptive observing applications; use of ensemble forecasts at the urban scale to quantify
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risk in the event of a toxic release; and the use of ensembles to learn about and improve model parameterizations. Some of these efforts are described in this article under the subheadings of global modeling and high-resolution regional modeling.
DTIC
Cities; Decision Making; Forecasting; Marine Environments; Oceanography; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Toxicity
20100016108 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
ExFiT Flight Design and Structural Modeling for FalconLAUNCH VIII Sounding Rocket
Vinacco, Michael J; Mar 2010; 114 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517570; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M27; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This research effort furthers the Air Force’s study of reusable launch vehicles and hypersonic airfoils by conducting a hypersonic flight test using the US Air Force Academy’s Falcon LAUNCH VIII sounding rocket. In this study, two experimental fin tips were designed and attached to the sounding rocket in place of two stabilizer fins in order to collect data throughout the rocket’s hypersonic flight profile. The desire to research, study, and test experimental fin tips was driven by the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Future responsive Access to Space Technologies (FAST) program and their desire to include vertical stabilizers on the wing tips of reusable launch vehicles (RLVs). In this research study, finite element models of the experimental fin tips were developed and used to predict the flight data collected by the strain and temperature gages attached to the test specimen. The results of these flight prediction tests showed that the test specimen will undergo the greatest deflection and strain during the acceleration of the rocket. Maximum deflection and strain gage readings were obtained at a speed of Mach 2.5 at an altitude of 9k feet. Ultimately, the payload will undergo a maximum deflection of 0.6 inches at the fin tip and a maximum strain gage reading of 0.00122 on the main wing section of the payload.
DTIC
Flight Tests; Hypersonic Flight; Launch Vehicles; Sounding Rockets
20100016349 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Miller, T.; Uhlhorn, E.; Amarin, R.; Atlas, R.; Black, P. G.; Jones, W. L.; Ruf, C. S.; Mar. 10, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 64th
Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference, 10-14 Mar. 2010, Savannah, GA, USA
Report No.(s): M10-0360; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) is a new airborne microwave remote sensor for hurricane observations that is currently under development by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in partnership with the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory/Hurricane Research Division, the University of Central Florida, the University of Michigan, and the University of Alabama in Huntsville. The instrument is being test flown in January and is expected to participate in the tropical cyclone experiment GRIP (Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes) in the 2010 season. HIRAD is being designed to study the wind field in some detail within strong hurricanes and to enhance the real-time airborne ocean surface winds observation capabilities of NOAA and USAF Weather Squadron hurricane hunter aircraft currently using the operational Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR). Unlike SFMR, which measures wind speed and rain rate along the ground track at a single point directly beneath the aircraft, HIRAD will provide images of the surface wind and rain field over a wide swath (approximately 3 x the aircraft altitude) with approximately 2 km resolution. This paper describes the
HIRAD instrument and the physical basis for its operations, including chamber test data from the instrument. The potential value of future HIRAD observations will be illustrated with a summary of Observing System Simulation Experiments
(OSSEs) in which measurements from the new instrument as well as those from existing instruments (air, surface, and space-based) are simulated from the output of a detailed numerical model, and those results are used to construct simulated
H*Wind analyses. Evaluations will be presented on the impact on H*Wind analyses of using the HIRAD instrument observations to replace those of the SFMR instrument, and also on the impact of a future satellite-based HIRAD in comparison to instruments with more limited capabilities for observing strong winds through heavy rain. Potential impact on numerical prediction of hurricane intensity will also be discussed.
Author
Hurricanes; Imaging Techniques; Microwave Radiometers; Radiometers; Remote Sensors; Wind (Meteorology)
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51
LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to plant and animal biology (non-human); ecology; microbiology; and also the origin, development, structure, and maintenance of animals and plants in space and related environmental conditions. For specific topics in life sciences see categories 52 through 55 .
20100014945 Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom
Weichel, Eric D; Colyer, Marcus H; Ludlow, Spencer E; Bower, Kraig S; Eiseman, Andrew S; Aug 12, 2008; 12 pp.; In
English
Report No.(s): AD-A515979; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515979
The incidence of eye injuries during USA armed conflicts has ranged from 0.5% during the USA Civil War to 13% during
Operation Desert Storm (Table 1). Although improvements in body armor have allowed soldiers to survive explosions that would have resulted in fatal chest or abdominal wounds in the past, there has been an increasing incidence of injuries to the relatively unprotected extremities, face, neck, and eyes. From October 2001 through September 2006, the total number of
American casualties in Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) included 21,695 wounded in action and 2335 killed in action. From 2002 through 2007, the number of U.S. military OIF/OEF soldiers with significant battle ocular injuries requiring evacuation was 13%. However, analysis of visual outcomes of all combat ocular trauma (COT) patients during
OIF/OEF has not yet been published. This study was designed to report the visual and anatomic outcomes of COT seen at
Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) and to predict the visual prognosis after the initial injury.
DTIC
Combat; Eye (Anatomy); Injuries; Vision; Warfare
20100014946 Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (Provisional), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
USA
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Canham-Chervak, Michelle; Hooper, Tomoko I; Brennan, Jr, Fred H; Craig, Stephen C; Girasek, Deborah C; Schaefer,
Richard A; Barbour, Galen; Yew, Kenneth S; Jones, Bruce H; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515980; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515980
To sustain progress toward injury reduction and other health promotion goals, public health organizations need a systematic approach based on data and an evaluation of existing scientific evidence on prevention. This paper describes a process and criteria developed to systematically and objectively define prevention program and policy priorities. Military medical surveillance data were obtained and summarized, and a working group of epidemiology and injury experts was formed. After reviewing the available data, the working group used predefined criteria to score leading military unintentional injury causes on five main criteria that assessed factors contributing to program and policy success: (1) importance of the problem, (2) effectiveness of existing prevention strategies, (3) feasibility of establishing programs and policies, (4) timeliness of implementation and results, and (5) potential for evaluation. Injury problems were ranked by total median score. Results:
Causes with the highest total median scores were physical training (34 points), military parachuting (32 points), privately-owned vehicle crashes (31 points), sports (29 points), falls (27 points), and military vehicle crashes (27 points).
Using a data-driven, criteria-based process, three injury causes (physical training, military parachuting, and privately owned-vehicle crashes) with the greatest potential for successful program and policy implementation were identified. Such information is useful for public health practitioners and policymakers who must prioritize among health problems that are competing for limited resources. The process and criteria could be adapted to systematically assess and prioritize health issues affecting other communities.
DTIC
Injuries; Military Personnel; Prevention
20100014959 Madigan Army Medical Center, Takoma, WA USA
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi Freedom
Pugliese, Jennifer M; Baker, Karen C; Jan 2009; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516011; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516011
This article examines the epidemiology of urolithiasis in personnel returning from deployment to Southwest Asia. A
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survey-based study of personnel returning from deployment to Southwest Asia was performed. The demographics were compared between the personnel reporting a history of urolithiasis during deployment or within the first 90 days of returning from deployment and the personnel without a history of reported urolithiasis. A total of 10,180 personnel were demobilized and 6,153 surveys were received during a 9-month period, for a survey response rate of 60%. Of the personnel returning the survey, 1% reported urolithiasis during their deployment. The personnel who reported urolithiasis were slightly older than those who did not (32.6 years vs 29 years old, P.00038). The odds of reporting urolithiasis during deployment were 30.9 times greater for personnel with a history of stone disease and 2.4 times greater for those with a family history of stone disease. No difference was found in the rates of urolithiasis with regard to sex or race. Also, no strong evidence was found for an association between the rates of reported urolithiasis and seasonal variations in temperature in Southwest Asia. The authors conclude that the rate of reported urolithiasis among deployed personnel was lower than that in the general population. The personnel who reported urolithiasis during deployment were slightly older. A personal history or family history of stone disease were significant predictors of urolithiasis in this deployed population.
DTIC
Calculi; Deployment; Epidemiology; Military Personnel; Personnel; Risk; Urolithiasis; Urology
20100014964 Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD USA
Clinical Treatment of Nondysentery Travelers’ Diarrhea During Deployment
Hawk, Douglas; Tribble, David R; Riddle, Mark S; Mar 2010; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516032; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516032
Learning Objective - Readers will be able to answer the following question in such a manner as to be of significant use in their official duties: Question: When do I give antibiotics in the setting of traveler’s diarrhea while deployed?
DTIC
Antibiotics; Deployment
20100014969 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Melcer, Ted; Walker, G J; Galarneau, Michael; Belnap, Brian; Konoske, Paula; Mar 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516039; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516039
Objective: Warfighters who sustained combat amputations in Operation Enduring Freedom or Operation Iraqi Freedom
(OEF/OIF) have unique challenges during rehabilitation. This study followed their outcomes. Methods: Subjects were 382
U.S. warfighters with major limb amputations after combat injury in OEF/OIF between 2001 and 2005. Outcome measures were diagnoses, treatment codes, and personnel events captured by health and personnel databases during 24 months postinjury. Results: Most patients had multiple complications generally within 30 days postinjury (e.g., infections, anemia), with important exceptions (e.g., heterotopic ossification). Lower limb amputees had 50% more complications than upper limb amputees. Two-thirds of patients had a mental health disorder (e.g., adjustment, post traumatic stress disorder), with rates of major disorder categories between 18% and 25%. Over 80% of patients used physical and occupational therapy, prosthetic/orthotic services, and psychiatric care. Conclusions: Combat amputees had a complex set of outcomes supporting the continued need for military amputee care programs.
DTIC
Combat; Health; Personnel
20100014970 Naval Medical Research Inst., Pensacola, FL USA
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
Lillie, Gregory R; Dec 8, 2009; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516041; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516041
Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the interdisciplinary care, including chiropractic services, in a military health care facility of an active duty member of the USA Navy with low back pain, leg pain, and foot numbness. Clinical
Features: A 40-year-old patient developed low back pain, leg pain, and foot numbness after moving furniture. The patient described his symptoms as pain in the right low back, pain shooting into the right lateral thigh and lower leg, and numbness
189
into the right lateral foot. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed disk extrusion at L4/L5 occupying the lateral recess and abutting the exiting right L5 nerve root. Intervention and Outcome: Providers, including primary care, chiropractic, and orthopedics, in an established multidisciplinary health care system contributed to the case management. The patient received
11 chiropractic treatments (spinal manipulation, flexion-distraction, abdominal rehab exercises) over 72 days. Subjective complaints resolved, and the patient was released back to full duty. Conclusion: Integrative care, using medical and chiropractic services, was successful in the conservative management of a patient with low back pain and radicular symptoms secondary to disk extrusion.
DTIC
Males; Navy; Pain; Spine; Therapy; United States
20100014973 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
MacGregor, Andrew J; Corson, Karen S; Larson, Gerald E; Shaffer, Richard A; Dougherty, Amber L; Galarneau, Michael R;
Raman, Rema; Baker, Dewleen G; Lidsay, Suzanne P; Golomb, Beatrice A; Apr 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516050; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516050
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an important source of morbidity in military personnel, but its relationship with characteristics of battle injury has not been well defined. The aim of this study was to characterise the relationship between injury-related factors and PTSD among a population of battle injuries. Patients and methods: A total of 831 American military personnel injured during combat between September 2004 and February 2005 composed the study population. Patients were followed through November 2006 for diagnosis of PTSD (ICD-9 309.81) or any mental health outcome (ICD-9 290-319).
Results: During the follow-up period, 31.3% of patients received any type of mental health diagnosis and 17.0% received a
PTSD diagnosis. Compared with minor injuries those with moderate (odds ratio [OR], 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI],
1.61-3.48), serious (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.55-6.50), and severe (OR, 5.22; 95% CI, 2.74-9.96) injuries were at greater risk of being diagnosed with any mental health outcome. Similar results were found for serious (OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.81-5.08) and severe (OR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.62-6.33) injuries with PTSD diagnosis. Those with gunshot wounds were at greater risk of any mental health diagnosis, but not PTSD, in comparison with other mechanisms of injury (OR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.35, 3.19).
Diastolic blood pressure measured postinjury was associated with any mental health outcome, and the effect was modified by injury severity. Conclusions: Injury severity was a significant predictor of any mental health diagnosis and PTSD diagnosis.
Gunshot wounds and diastolic blood pressure were significant predictors of any mental health diagnosis, but not PTSD.
Further studies are needed to replicate these results and elucidate potential mechanisms for these associations.
DTIC
Injuries; Predictions
20100014979 Army Research Inst. of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
Xu, Xiaojiang; Giesbrecht, Gordon; Gonzalez, Richard; Jan 2003; 37 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516060; T03-05; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516060
A mathematical model for predicting shivering and thermoregulatory responses during long term cold exposure has been developed and validated. The basis for this model is a six-cylinder mathematical model of human temperature regulation which was well validated (Xu and Werner, App!. Human Sci. 16:61-75, 1997) for dynamic conditions: incorporating heat, cold
(less than 2 hours), clothing systems, and exercise. To what extent shivering is maintained over a long duration is not clearly known and a modeling technique has been sought to predict such responses. A new conceptual model for control of shivering intensity that takes into account the shivering endurance, inhibition due to a low core temperature and maximal shivering capacity was proposed. This conceptual model was further incorporated into the six-cylinder model to extend its capacity to long term cold exposure. The individual characteristics were defined as height, weight, fat percentage, age and V02 max in the new model. The new model was validated against three test cases: 10 individual subjects who were immersed in 8-10 degrees Celsius water for 2 to 6.5 hours, a group of 9 subjects who were exposed in 5 degrees Celsius air for 3 hours, and
6 people who were involved in a shipboard accident and immersed in 16.7 degrees Celsius water for 7 to 38 hours. The comparison has shown that the mode predictions of the core temperature, mean skin temperature and shivering response to water immersion results were reliable within root mean square deviations of plus/minus 0.8 degrees Celsius, plus/minus 1.9
190
degrees Celsius, and plus/minus 47.2 W, respectively. This model is applicable for cold stress predictions including Objective
Force Warrior scenarios in its present form.
DTIC
Body Temperature; Low Temperature; Mathematical Models; Real Time Operation; Shivering; Thermoregulation
20100015037 Boston VA Research Inst., Inc., MA USA
Development of a PTSD Population Registry
Keane, Terence M; Sep 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-2-01005B; PT075235
Report No.(s): AD-A516335; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516335
The purpose of this project is to develop the first longitudinal registry of combat-exposed men and women with
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This registry will provide essential data on the natural history and outcomes associated with PTSD in military service men and women who have utilized the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system. An additional goal of this project is to determine risk factors for PTSD among combat-exposed service men and women by incorporating a combat-exposed non-PTSD group of veterans into the registry. Thus, the registry will allow an evaluation of current theoretical models of symptom development in a large sample of service men and women who utilize the VA medical system. There are no findings to report at this time as the project protocol was recently approved by OHRP on August 8, 2009. Now that OHRP and all site IRB approvals have been obtained, the pilot phase is slated to begin in
September 2009.
DTIC
Armed Forces (United States); Combat; Data Bases; Populations
20100015040 Tampa VA Research and Education Foundation, Inc. (TVAREF), Tampa, FL USA
Telerehabilitation for OIF/OEF Returnees with Combat-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
Siddharthan, Kris; Jun 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-2-0091
Report No.(s): AD-A516353; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516353
The telerehabilitation of Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) returnees with mild or moderate combat-related Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has the following objectives: (1) care coordination for wounded veterans using distance technology via the internet, and (2) monitoring of physical and mental health outcomes using a variety of instruments. The aim of the program is to enroll a minimum of 60 veterans with TBI, at least 15 of whom have a clinical diagnosis of PTSD. Coordinating medical care at a distance, thereby reducing veterans’ use of the VA health system is another important goal of this telerehabilitation intervention. The long-term goal of the program is to optimally define telerehabilitation services for all veterans with polytrauma. To date the authors have enrolled 45 veterans in the study and are actively following 40 of them (5 veterans have discontinued rehabilitation). They also have collected baseline health status data on most patients. Their initial findings indicate the following: (1) functional capabilities measured by locomotion and mobility appear to have stabilized among this cohort of veterans while deficiencies in cognition (memory, problem solving), psychosocial adjustment (anger, emotional status), and problems in integrating into society still pose challenges; (2) individualized treatment pathways are needed for rehabilitation and ultimate integration into society; and (3) veterans have expressed appreciation for the program. Veterans are required to connect via the internet to a secured commercial web site to provide responses to a variety of instruments to monitor their health: Functional Independence Measure, Functional
Assessment Measure, Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART), PTSD Checklist Military Form,
Modified PTSD Symptom Scale, Self-Report Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Self Report Beck
Depression Inventory, and the Medical Outcomes Social Support Survey.
DTIC
Armed Forces (United States); Brain Damage; Combat; Telemedicine
20100015044 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment Program
Scott, Christine; Davis, Carol D; Feb 26, 2010; 22 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516364; CRS-RL34627; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516364
The number of service members, National Guard, and Reservists who separate from active duty with service-connected
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disabilities is expected to rise as a result of the engagement of the U.S. Armed Forces in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Enduring
Freedom. There is concern in Congress that these individuals receive the care and services that will enable them to transition successfully back to civilian life. These veterans must be able to rejoin their families and communities, become employed, and continue to enjoy the highest quality of life possible. Congress authorized the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), through the Vocational Rehabilitation & Employment Service (VR&E), to provide the support disabled veterans need to successfully complete rehabilitation plans tailored to their individual needs. The VR&E has recently restructured its program in an effort to better accomplish the goal of enabling disabled veterans to gain appropriate employment or live independently. More specialists and counselors have been hired in regional VA offices, and the VR&E has instituted outreach efforts to encourage more veterans to participate in the program. The VR&E also has entered into cooperative agreements with other federal agencies and with private organizations to provide an integrated approach to addressing the employment needs of disabled service members and veterans. The VR&E administers four programs: (1) training and rehabilitation for veterans with service-connected disabilities, (2) vocational and educational counseling, (3) vocational training for Vietnam veterans’ children with Spina Bifida, and (4) special restorative training. This report describes VR&E program services available to veterans with service-connected disabilities and to their families. It provides information about eligibility and entitlement, the application process, and resources available through other agencies. A brief history of the program also is provided.
DTIC
Disabilities; Education; Personnel Development
20100015051 National Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan, Taiwan, Province of China
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared (SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Lei, Huan-Yao; Peng, Ching-An; Tang, Ming-Jer; Szu, Harold; Feb 11, 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-08-1-4020
Report No.(s): AD-A516380; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516380
Using the characteristics of T cell mitogen called lectin protein from the jack-bean Canavalia ensiformis Concanavalin
A (Con_A) with dual activities, cytotoxicity and immunomodulation, we have shown it has a therapeutic effect on hepatoma.
Injection of Con_A can eradicate the established malign tumor, because Con_A can induce tumor cell autophagic, cell-programmed death, as well as activate the effector T cells. Combined, in this paper, with the absorption exceeding the
Carbon NanoTube (CNT) band-gap (epsilon sub bg=1/CNT diameter) with an active short wave near-infrared (SWIR) (1.21.5
micron wavelengths) which happened to be translucent to the irradiation upon animal skin, similar to that used in hospital fingertip-clamped Pulse Oxymetry. Once the Con_A-CNT is guided to hepatoma cells, it is bonded and internalized into the mitochondria (MC) compartment, the cellular energy factory. Con_A has the higher specificity for tumor cells useful for targeting because of the abnormal glycosylation on tumor cells. When CNT hitch hike with Con_A, they can act together like a laser-denotable chemical missile surgically targeting at the tumor cells precisely by Con_A-guidance. We switch on SWIR laser, when the Con_A-CNT conjugated complex has been bonded and internalized to MC of malign cells and already commenced cellular programmed death. Thus, it might appear to casual readers that we have initiated an overkill, chemical drugged autophage followed with physical laser ablation, but what if we can eradicate hepatoma totally if no blue print is left behind inadvertently in case of a partial failure. We conclude that using Con_A-CNT conjugated complex targeting specifically at malign tumor cells is a novel targeted-laser-radiation therapy for tumors in mice.
DTIC
Ablation; Cancer; Carbon Nanotubes; Conjugates; Laser Ablation; Laser Applications; Liver; Therapy; Tumors
20100015154 Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ USA
Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials
Gendler, Sandra J; Sep 2009; 65 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0318
Report No.(s): AD-A516328; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project is focused on novel tumor vaccines directed at MUC1 and other tumor antigens. Our specific aims are: 1)To assess the effectiveness of vaccines against MUC1 and other tumor antigens in the prevention and treatment of spontaneous breast carcinomas in mice; 2)To translate an effective vaccine strategy into a phase I clinical trial in patients with undetectable disease following standard therapy. The model of spontaneous mammary cancer is the MUC1-expressing polyoma middle T antigen mice (MMT). We have tested five vaccines in the preclinical mouse model and all elicited a strong immune response.
The vaccine using MUC1 class I binding peptides prevented MUC1-expressing tumor growth. We have designed the Phase
192
I clinical trial using a peptide vaccine comprised of MUC1 and HER-2/neu MHC class I peptides and HER-2/neu MHC class
II peptide with unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and GM-CSF as adjuvants in breast cancer patients free of disease.
The clinical trial was unanimously approved by the Mayo Institutional Review Board (IRB 582-05) following receipt of FDA approval (BB-IND 12155) and by the DoD HSRRB in January 2007. Following receipt of the approvals, Pfizer agreed to supply the CpG7909(PF-3512676) for the clinical trial, as Pfizer has licensed the CpG from Coley Pharmaceuticals. Amended documents showing the change in supplier of CpG were submitted to the DoD HSRRB for final approval and to the FDA.
Final approval from the DoD HRPO was received June 9, 2008. The clinical trial opened August 28, 2008. Thirty-one patients have been enrolled.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands
20100015155 Imperial Coll. of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
Identification of Molecular Receptors for Therapeutic Targeting in Prostate Cancer
Mintz, Paul J; Dec 2009; 70 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0150
Report No.(s): AD-A516331; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Prostate cancer is a difficult disease to treat due to its molecular heterogeneity and diverse clinical outcomes. Current therapies for treating and diagnosing prostate cancer are unsatisfactory, suggesting that new strategies and molecular markers are greatly needed. Tumor cells express specific cell surface receptor complexes for rapid growth and survival. Specific receptor-ligand complexes have profound biological functions such as cell signaling and growth. For example, androgen receptor complex plays a critical role in prostate tumor growth and response to hormone therapy. We propose to identify new receptor-ligand pairs for prostate cancer. We have developed a sophisticated targeting system to probe the tumor vasculature in vivo by phage display technology. We plan to inject phage peptides libraries into prostate tumor-bearing mice to identify specific peptides targeting to the tumor and not to the normal tissues. The tumor-specific peptides will be recovered and analyzed by molecular and biochemical methods. The tumor-specific peptides will be used as a bait to identify and clone the binding receptors by affinity chromatography and biochemical cell fractionation approaches. If we are successful, we will identify new biologically relevant receptor-ligand pairs that may be developed for therapeutic applications for prostate cancer.
DTIC
Cancer; Prostate Gland; Therapy
20100015156 New Jersey Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ USA
The Importance of Autophagy in Breast Cancer Development and Treatment
Yang, Jin-Ming; Jun 2008; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0557
Report No.(s): AD-A516336; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that eEF-2 kinase plays a critical role in the ability of breast cancer cells to survive growth factor/nutrient deprivation. We found that eEF-2 kinase and autophagy were activated following starvation treatment in human breast cancer cells. Nutrient starvation also decreased mTOR activity, and reduced the incorporation rate of 35S-methionine, indicating protein synthesis was inhibited. Silencing of eEF-2 kinase by RNAi relieved the inhibition of protein synthesis, and resulted in a greater reduction of cellular ATP. EEF-2 kinase-targeted RNAi also blunted autophagic response of the tumor cells. Inhibition of autophagy by knockdown of eEF-2 kinase or autophagy-related gene Beclin-1 impeded cell growth in serum/nutrient-deprived cultures and handicapped cell survival. These results indicate that in response to nutrient/growth factor deprivation breast cancer cells activates eEF-2 kinase and autophagy to decrease protein synthesis and regenerate ATP, and that inhibition of eEF-2 kinase renders cells continue to elongate peptide, deplete ATP, and impairs cancer cell survival under metabolic stress. Furthermore, we determined whether inhibition of autophagy sensitized breast cancer cells to growth factor antagonists. Synergistic effect on cell growth inhibition was observed from combination of a small molecule EGFR/ErbB-2 inhibitor with an autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (combination index values at ED50
0.6279 and 0.7879, respectively). Inhibition of autophagy by knockdown of eEF-2 kinase or Beclin 1 sensitized breast cancer cells to the EGFR/ErbB-2 inhibitor and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. These results provide new evidence that activation of eEF-2 kinase and autophagy plays protective role for cancer cells under metabolic stress, and that targeting autophagic survival may represent a novel approach to sensitizing cancer cells to growth factor antagonists.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands
193
20100015157 Louisville Univ. Foundation, Inc., KY USA
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk
Millner, Lori M; Oct 2009; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0774
Report No.(s): AD-A516365; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) catalyzes N-acetylation of aryl amine carcinogens resulting in their activation or inactivation. NAT1*10, NAT1*11 and NAT1*14, common variant alleles have been epidemiologically associated with increased risk for numerous cancers including breast. NAT1 is also upregulated in breast cancer. We employed a novel approach to study functional differences caused by NAT1*10 , NAT1*11, and NAT1*14 polymorphisms by using constructs that mimic complete human mRNAs. Plasmid constructs of NAT1*10 and NAT1*4 contained full length human mRNAs including either the NATa (alternative promoter) or NATb (major promoter) 5?-UTR, the ORF, and 885 base pairs of the
3’UTR region. Following transient or stable transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells, NAT1-catalyzed N-acetylation of p-aminobenzoic acid was measured by HPLC and NAT1 protein expression was measured by Western blot. mRNA levels were studied using RT-PCR and polyA patterns by RNase Protection. No differences were observed in acetylation activity, protein levels, mRNA, or polyA patterns between NAT1*10, NAT1*11 and NAT1*4, but significant differences were seen between
NAT1*14 and NAT1*4. Significant differences were also seen between all constructs containing the NATb 5’ UTR compared to those containing the NATa 5’ UTR.
DTIC
Acetyl Compounds; Breast; Cancer; Enzymes; Lungs; Mammary Glands; Polymorphism; Risk
20100015185 Tulane Univ., New Orleans, LA USA
The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Vanhoy, Lyndsay; Sep 2009; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0694
Report No.(s): AD-A516471; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The primary long-term objective of this research is to understand how chemokine signaling through MAPK influences progression of breast carcinoma cells to a hormone-independent, endocrine therapy resistant and metastatic phenotype. Our preliminary evidence demonstrates that over expression of CXCR4 in breast carcinoma cells leads to a hormone independent phenotype in vivo. It was also determined by our lab that human mesenchymal stem cells in contact with breast cancer cells
(MCF7 cell line) could induce proliferation and lead to hormone independent tumors in vivo. Upon analysis of these tumors by real-time PCR, it was found that the MSC containing tumors had increased gene transcription of progesterone receptor as well as SDF-1 indicating ER crosstalk. Future studies are planned to look more closely at the mechanisms involved in this
MSC- tumor cell interaction, specifically identifying a role for SDF-1. We propose SDF-1 is the primary factor involved, either being secreted by the MSCs or the MSCs are stimulating its production in the carcinoma cells themselves. Future plans involve using MSCs as source for SDF-1 to test previously outlined objectives.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metastasis
20100015186 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer Detection
Wu, Xizeng; Sep 2009; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0613
Report No.(s): AD-A516472; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The long term objective of the project is to develop a low-dose and quantitative phase x-ray imaging technique for facilitating breast cancer detection. Phase retrieval from a single phase contrast image is the key strategy for this project. In this period we have accomplished following tasks: (1) Successfully developed a new phase retrieval method with a full account of the nonlinear Fresnel propagators. This new phase retrieval method provides the scientific foundation and framework for developing new and more accurate phase retrieval algorithms for this project. (2) Conducted the system design study for the project. Importantly we have determined the optimal imaging geometry based on the quantitative phase contrast visibility analysis. (3) Conducted system hardware integration. A prototype is developed and the tests showed that the prototype is well functioning for phase contrast image acquisition. In the coming year we will conduct phase imaging experiments with custom-made breast phantoms. Especially we will incorporate the measured source incoherence effects and
194
CR-detector response effects into the phase retrieval algorithms for accurately reconstruction of the maps of projected electron densities of the phantoms.
DTIC
Algorithms; Breast; Cancer; Detection; Mammary Glands; X Ray Imagery
20100015187 Northern California Cancer Center, Union City, CA USA
Impact of Institutional - and Individual -Level Discrimination on Medical Care & Quality of Life among Breast Cancer
Survivors
Gomez, Scarlett L; Jul 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0486
Report No.(s): AD-A516473; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
During this reporting period, we successfully conducted 31 qualitative one-on-one and focus group interviews with breast cancer survivors from 7 racial/ethnic groups, undertook rigorous qualitative data analysis and have begun to identify several novel emerging themes. We have also begun to develop the quantitative survey for cognitive testing and have conducted a comprehensive review of existing tools for the constructs of interest. We expect to report the qualitative findings in 2 manuscripts and have plans for a third manuscript based on the instrument development process.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Cognition; Mammary Glands
20100015188 Baylor Coll. of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic Cancer in the Lymph System
Adams, Kristen E; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0547
Report No.(s): AD-A516475; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The majority of cancer mortalities occur not from the primary tumor but rather from distant metastases. Since the lymph system provides a route for the spread of metastatic cancer cells, it is not surprising that lymph node status serves as the primary prognostic indicator in most cancers. This work aims to improve the methodology for and accuracy of diagnosing cancer positive lymph nodes. Better diagnoses could increase survival by detecting more true positive nodes which can then be removed while reducing adverse affects by correctly identifying the negative nodes which can be retained and should contribute to improved overall lymph function. To date, metastatic tumors have been generated in the lymph nodes of mice and the IR800 labeled anti-Ep-CAM antibody injected intradermally to detect the tumors. To reduce possible complications associated with the large antibody molecule, we are developing a smaller, single chain binding fragment (scFv) against
Ep-CAM.
DTIC
Cancer; Detection; Imaging Techniques; Lymph; Lymphatic System; Metastasis
20100015189 University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA
Accurate 3D Modeling of Breast Deformation for Temporal Mammogram Registration
Goldgof, Dmitry; Sep 2009; 50 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0633
Report No.(s): AD-A516476; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this research project, we have developed mathematical model of breast deformation to simulate breast compression during mammographic imaging. We have developed two types of mammogram registration methods: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided registration and generic registration. Datasets have been constructed to validate the developed registrations methods. Mammogram registrations have been performed on concurrent mammograms using MRI guided and generic registration method, respectively. Also both registration methods have been applied onto temporal mammograms.
Promising evaluation results demonstrate feasibility of the developed mammogram registration methods. The results also demonstrate that the developed registration methods would be very helpful in mammogram interpretation for improving accuracy of detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Deformation; Mammary Glands
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20100015191 Arkansas Univ. for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse
Microenvironments
Kelly, Jr, Thomas J; Oct 2009; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0589
Report No.(s): AD-A516478; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Our overarching hypothesis is that FAP functions with other proteases in an extracellular communication network to digest certain proteins, thereby exposing signals stored in peptide regions that enable breast cancer cells to thrive in diverse microenvironments. FAP likely has important functions in two parts of the metastatic cascade: 1) FAP and proteases such as
MMP-1 and MMP-9 cooperate to produce fragments of ECM proteins during adjacent tissue remodeling and these derivative peptides promote fibroblast growth, ECM deposition and angiogenesis; 2) cancer cell membrane FAP cleaves precursive
A2AP to generate the more effective derivative for protecting and stabilizing fibrin within ECM margins of the expanding neoplastic cell mass as well as fibrin within cancer cell/fibrin/platelet emboli that lead to hematogenous metastasis. We believe that peptides that target and inhibit FAP on FAP-expressing cells can be produced by taking advantage of the substrate/active-site binding specificity of FAP. This progress report documents the initial experiments and preparation of cell lines needed to complete the aims of the project. Substantial progress has been made and has resulted in production of 1 manuscript, 1 abstract presented at an international meeting, and three grant proposals one of which was funded and another still pending.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Enzymes; Fibroblasts; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Peptides; Protease; Proteins
20100015192 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Synchronizing U.S. Government Efforts Toward Collaborative Health Care Policymaking in Iraq
Bundt, Thomas S; Mar 2010; 36 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516481; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
A primary requirement in achieving strategic aims in Iraq is the reestablishment of a functional health care system.
Currently, there is no agreed solution among the stakeholder agencies regarding strategic health policy in support of this objective. Health care is a component of basic human needs and should be accessible, affordable, and effective. Following combat operations and phasing into stabilization operations, basic health care infrastructure and systems have often been either disrupted or degraded altogether. To address this situation, the U.S. Government requires a coordinated interagency approach to formulate a strategic health care plan. Incorporating all relevant players into this endeavor will promote sound organizational design, unity of effort, and a culture favorable to synchronization. This paper contains specific recommendations and advocates a renewed effort toward addressing them. The primary constructs under review are U.S.
Government organization, leadership, and culture as they relate to a strategic health care policy. This approach will reduce redundant efforts, conserve resources, and augment the legitimacy of the new Government of Iraq while supporting U.S.
national strategic aims.
DTIC
Health; Iraq; Management Systems; Medical Services
20100015193 Massachusetts Univ. Medical Center, Worcester, MA USA
Midbody Accumulation in Breast Cancer Cells
Doxsey, Stephen; Aug 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0457
Report No.(s): AD-A516482; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Breast cancer is a complex disease that develops from epithelial lesions confined to breast ducts and lobules and progresses rapidly to become locally invasive and finally metastatic. Our recent studies show that breast cancer cells undergo asymmetric events during cell division that generate different daughter cells. One daughter receives the singular midbody
(MB) that is made during every cell division. The cell with this so-called postmitotic midbody derivative accumulates additional MBds with successive divisions. In breast tumor sections, rare cells stain for MBds adjacent to the basal layer, the position of putative breast cancer stem cells. MBds are present in high numbers in several human breast cancer cell lines and in human tumors, but are rarely found in normal breast epithelial cell lines or breast tissue. MBds are also found in several well-characterized mouse and human stem cell niches but not in adjacent transit amplifying or differentiating cells. These results suggest that MBds are in almost exclusively in stem cells and putative breast cancer stem cells (CSS). This idea is consistent with the emerging view that breast cancer develops from transformation of stem cells. Based on these observations,
196
we propose that MBds 1) will serve as markers for breast CSCs, 2) may have diagnostic/prognositc value for breast cancer progression and 3) could directly contribute to breast carcinoma. To test this, we propose the following aims: 1) Quantify
MBds in breast tumors and cell lines and compare with normal breast epithelial cells. 2) Test MBd-containing breast cancer cells for CSC activities in vivo and in vitro. 3) Test MBds for their ability to confer breast cancer stem cell properties by disrupting MBd inheritance or RNAi.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands
20100015194 Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN USA
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Xia, Fen; Sep 30, 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0571
Report No.(s): AD-A516484; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Agents targeting DNA double strand break repair (DSBR) deficiency, such as PARP1 inhibitors, are highly selective in killing BRCA1- mutated breast tumors, and the toxicity is minimal in mouse models. However, more than 90% of breast cancers are sporadic, which carry wild-type (wt) BRCA1 and are proficient in DSBR. BRCA1 is a nuclear shuttling protein, which regulates homologues recombination (HR)-mediated DSBR when nuclear and enhances apoptosis when cytoplasmic.
BARD1 retains BRCA1 in the nucleus, whereas ionizing radiation (IR) induces cell cycle-independent export of BRCA1 to the cytosol. Both BARD1 and IR induce BRCA1 shuttling via the CRM1/exportin pathway. It is hypothesized that targeting
BRCA1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm will render cells defective in DSBR and enhance apoptosis. The combination of induced repair deficiency and augmented apoptosis will render sporadic breast cancers highly susceptible to selective killing by agents targeting DNA DSB lesions. This study will determine if targeting BRCA1 from the nucleus to the cytosol using
IR and tr-BRCA1, which releases BRCA1 from BARD1 in nuclear, will compromise DSBR and result in a pro-apoptotic environment which renders tumor cells susceptible to PARP1 inhibitor-induced cytotoxicity. Both BRCA1-proficient human breast cancer cell lines and mouse breast tumor models will be used. DSBR will be measured in vivo using a bioluminescence/GFP reporter system. Cytotoxic response to PARP-1 inhibitor will be determined by colony formation in vitro, tumor growth delay in vivo, and cleaved caspase-3 and annexin-V staining for apoptosis in vivo and in vitro.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Defects; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Genes; Mammary Glands; Therapy
20100015197 Mike O’Callaghan Federal Hospital, Las Vegas , NV USA
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
Fox, Steven M; Jun 2, 2009; 63 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516488; 33-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study examines the feasibility and potential benefits of implementing a blood management program at the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital (MOFH). The study evaluated two major courses of action for potential implementation of blood utilization practices. Analyses indicated that implementation of a full-scale program in the surgical setting would not significantly impact the MOFH from a strict cost-benefit standpoint. In the medical services segments, however, implementing consistent, evidence-based peer review procedures and eliminating autologous donations could potentially save the MOFH more than $120,000 over the next three years. Integral to the potential savings is the initiation of a blood management committee. The oversight and guidance provided by the committee would be the driving force for reducing the number of allogeneic transfusions occurring in the facility. Fewer transfusions correlate to fewer transfusion reactions, reduced risk of infection, and fewer surgical complications. Reducing the number of transfusions will have widespread benefits for both patient safety and the bottom line of the MOFH. Following through with the blood management committee recommendation also opens the door for several future studies which could also provide financial and operational benefits to the MOFH.
DTIC
Blood; Feasibility; Hospitals; Infectious Diseases; Medical Services; Transfusion
197
20100015199 Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR USA
Running Head: Evaluation of Contract Versus VA-Staffed CBOCs. Evaluating Contract versus VA-Staffed Community
Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) Using Patient Satisfaction and Access Measures in the Veterans Health
Administration
Belote, Janna M; Jun 2009; 137 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516490; 38-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest public health system in the USA. As of June 2008, it provided care to Veterans through 153 medical centers and 737 community-based outpatient clinics (CBOCs). This research investigates differences in contract versus VA-staffed CBOCs in terms of patient satisfaction, clinic wait times within 30 days for appointments, and missed clinic opportunity rates. Contract versus VA-staffing of a CBOC serves as the grouping variable in
Student’s/tests for differences in mean scores, as well as the dependent variable in logistic regression models considering independent variables of scores and clinic and patient characteristics. Student’s / tests for differences in mean scores indicate that contract CBOCs have higher patient satisfaction for clinic access than VA-staffed CBOCs, but lower satisfaction scores for continuity of care. Logistic regression models find patient satisfaction scores for access to be a positive predictor of a
CBOCs contract status, but patient perceptions of coordination of care are a negative predictor of a CBOCs contract status.
Similar analysis using / tests and logistic regression finds that contract CBOCs do better in providing access to appointments within 30 days. However, contract CBOCs had more missed clinic opportunities.
DTIC
Clinical Medicine; Health; Medical Services; Patients
20100015200 Nebraska Univ., Omaha, NE USA hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary Epithelial Cell Survival
Band, Vimla; Sep 2009; 38 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0351
Report No.(s): AD-A516491; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Using the Yeast Two hybrid analysis with human papilloma virus oncogene E6 (the most efficient oncogene to immortalize hMECs in vitro) as a bait and mammary epithelial cell cDNA library, we identified hEcd (human orthologue of
Drosophila Ecdysoneless) as a novel E6 binding partner. To study the cellular function of Ecd in mammalian cells, we generated Ecd (lox/lox) mouse embryonic fibroblast cells from Ecd floxed mouse embryos (mice generation was not supported by DOD grant) . We observed that Cre-mediated deletion of Ecd in Ecd(lox/lox) mouse embryonic fibroblasts led to a proliferative block due to a delay in G(1)-S cell cycle progression; this defect was reversed by the introduction of human Ecd.
Loss of Ecd led to marked down-regulation of E2F target gene expression. Ecd directly bound to Rb at the pocket domain and competed with E2F for binding to hypophosphorylated Rb, demonstrating Ecd plays a role in cell cycle progression via the
Rb-E2F pathway. Studies in yeast suggested a potential role of Ecd in transcription; however Ecd lacks a DNA binding domain. Using a GAL4-luciferase reporter assay and a GAL4-DNA binding domain (DBD) fusion with Ecd or its mutants, we present evidence that human Ecd has a transactivation activity in its C-terminal region. We further demonstrate that Ecd interacts with p300, a histone acetyltransferase, and the co-expression of Ecd with p300 enhances the Ecd-mediated transactivation activity. These results demonstrate human Ecd regulates (1) cell cycle progression and (2) transactivation probably by interacting with a transcriptional factor. Future studies should discover potential partners of Ecd in this process.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Regulators; Survival
20100015201 Naval Aerospace Medical Research Lab., Pensacola, FL USA
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
Arnold, Richard; Phillips, Jeffrey; Chandler, Joseph; Feb 9, 2010; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516493; NAMRL-10-2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Fatigue can result in cognitive and physiological performance deficits such as reduced capacity to maintain high cognitive load, decreased vigilance, and slowed reaction time, and is a major contributor to Naval Aviation flight mishaps. Researchers at the Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL) recently conducted a study of several potential readiness to fly assessment tools. Significant effects of sleep restriction were observed for components of both the cognitive and eye-tracking test batteries. The criterion and outcome measures also showed significant performance decrements over the period of sleep restriction. Lastly, models of performance impairment generated by the Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool
(FAST) software were statistically significant. Although these results are promising, before any of the instruments evaluated
198
in this study could be recommended for operational use, additional research and development is recommended.
DTIC
Alertness; Human Performance; Maintainability; Military Aviation; Psychomotor Performance; Scheduling; Sleep
Deprivation; Software Development Tools; Tasks
20100015202 Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Surmacz, Eva; Sep 2009; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0603
Report No.(s): AD-A516501; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Obesity in postmenopausal women is associated with increased breast cancer risk, development of more aggressive tumors and resistance to certain anti-breast cancer treatments. These effects might be mediated by obesity hormone leptin.
Here we investigated if leptin can transactivate the oncogenic receptor HER2 and interfere with the activity of anti-HER2 antibody. We found that HER2 and the leptin receptor (ObR) are coexpressed in several studied breast cancer cell lines. In
MCF-7 cells, HER2 physically interacted with ObR and leptin treatment increased HER2 phosphorylation on Tyr 1248.
Furthermore, leptin reduced the efficacy of anti- HER2 drug Herceptin. Studies of human breast cancers revealed that the presence of leptin correlated with ObR, and the whole leptin system was coexpressed with HER2 in 50% of all tumors. Thus, coexpression of HER2 and the leptin/ObR system might contribute to enhanced HER2 activity and reduced sensitivity to anti-HER2 treatments.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Crosstalk; Mammary Glands; Obesity
20100015210 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Gardner, John M; Jul 6, 2009; 66 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516519; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Falls among the elderly are common and result in personal injury, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Employing the Elderly Falls Screening Test (EFST), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Tinetti Scale, a multidisciplinary team at Johns
Hopkins Hospital conducted an assessment of 104 neurology patients to identify fall risk factors within the ambulatory care setting. Results indicated a single question within the EFST, Have you fallen or nearly fallen in the last year? most accurately identified the majority of patients at high risk. Recommended was to formalize the asking of this question during patient appointing so that individualized fall prevention measures could be implemented effectively. Environmental hazards were also identified during the assessment and included potential threats to patient safety within the waiting area, hallways, bathrooms, and examination rooms. The result was a system-wide process to reduce or eliminate associated risks.
DTIC
Age Factor; Costs; Hazards; Hospitals; Neurology; Patients; Risk; Risk Assessment
20100015211 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early First Birth
Pike, Malcolm C; Jun 2009; 53 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0390
Report No.(s): AD-A516520; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have successfully shown that in the rat estradiol, estradiol plus progesterone, and beta-HCG is protective against carcinogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis; treatment and pregnancy induced RNA gene expression changes in the breast have been identified. Analysis of gene expression differences in the breast of parous and nulliparous women undergoing elective reduction mammoplasty has begun. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptors and cell proliferation in the breast has been characterized (by immunohistochemistry, IHC) in parous and nulliparous women and in breast tissue obtained in the first trimester of pregnancy. RNA characterization of these samples has begun. Four protocols providing information related to chemoprevention have been developed - these investigate breast cell proliferation, receptor IHC and gene expression: (1) the effect of high dose progestin exposure, recruitment ongoing; (2) the effect of oral contraceptive progestin dose, recruitment complete, IHC being analyzed; (3) the effect of high dose estrogen exposure, recruitment complete, IHC being analyzed; and
(4) the effect of natural progesterone exposure, recruitment complete. Pregnancy reduces mammographic density and breast cancer risk. How these are related has been studied in a large autopsy series; results suggest that part of the protection may
199
be the result of a reduction in breast epithelium; further studies of these samples are ongoing.
DTIC
Birth; Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands
20100015212 Blanchfield Army Community Hospital, Fort Campbell, KY USA
Policy Analysis of Surgical Utilization at Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
Wood, Dan M; Apr 9, 2009; 45 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516525; 12-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital is looking to optimize their Operating Room through efficient utilization, as mandated from the Surgeon General of the Army, by enacting one or more different courses of action: change the in room time, schedule a swing shift, resource share with other facilities, or maintain business as usual. Projected outcomes include improving the utilization rate, numbers of surgeries, and the access to care. The first three courses of action show improvement with these projected outcomes, however, the business as usual approach was found to not beneficial in resolving current and projected needs for utilization. Ultimately, applying the remaining three courses of actions in stages will lead to an increase in workload and better utilization of the resources available. Making changes within the surgical setting can be a difficult task for any health care organization to accomplish, but without doing so, Fort Campbell has the potential of losing one of its primary resources in maintaining the Soldier’s readiness; the Operating Room.
DTIC
Hospitals; Medical Services; Policies; Surgery
20100015213 Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
Army Medical Action Plan’s Impact on Access to Healthcare for TRICARE Beneficiaries
Jurado, Raul E; Jun 2, 2009; 33 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516526; 9-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Army Medical Action Plan (AMAP) was implemented in order to resolve the concerns of wounded warriors. The
AMAP served as the catalyst for several directives, including the enhanced access standards. The enhanced access standards expedited wounded warriors access to healthcare appointments. The impact of the enhanced access standards on non-wounded warrior TRICARE beneficiaries is analyzed in this study by focusing on six Army installations and six provider specialty clinics. Two periods before and after the implementation of the enhanced access standards were measured utilizing a
Multivariate Analysis of Variance test. The results of the statistical analysis determined that the enhanced access standards had not impacted the non-Warriors in Transition TRICARE beneficiary’s ability to access healthcare.
DTIC
Clinical Medicine; Health; Medical Services
20100015214 Greater San Antonio Hospital Council, TX USA
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
Brenda, Kimberly D; Apr 17, 2009; 45 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516527; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The healthcare industry is accustomed to criticism of its deficiencies. Despite medical services of the most technologically advanced, performed by the highest caliber of subject matter specialists, controversy remains in the area of health care coverage. Although the U.S. has avoided major healthcare reform over the past 44 years, the new administration places reform as a priority to achieve in the 2009 legislative session. Within the deliberation, coverage for all Americans is a key topic.
Despite a multitude of private insurance companies and federal and state programs, the uninsured and underinsured numbers in American are not declining and those with coverage do not always have access. Various healthcare practices and rising healthcare costs increase the risk of an unsustainable system of care in America. There are many opportunities for change to positively influence costs and improve health including modifications to employer-sponsored insurance, a focus on wellness and prevention and improvements in administrative components. As leaders work to formulate/modify health policy, alliance for action among all stakeholders is essential.
DTIC
Costs; Industries; Medical Services; Policies; Procedures
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20100015215 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
Case Study: The Venous Thromboembolism Collaborative Team at the Johns Hopkins Hospital
Hamilton, Michael T; May 21, 2009; 37 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516530; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In an effort to combat new regulatory requirements as well as improve the quality of patient care in their facility, the Johns
Hopkins Hospital formed a multi-disciplinary Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Collaborative in 2005. By implementing a computer based decision support system, the VTE Collaborative was able to implement a tool to screen patients upon admission to the hospital and to assist providers in choosing appropriate prophylaxis for patients based on associated risk. To date, Johns Hopkins Hospital has reduced the incidence of VTE from 2.3 9% of admissions in 2004 to 1.31% in 2008. This change in incidence represents a reduction of over 330 patients per year who do not acquire a VTE during their stay and a potential cost savings of over $1.2 Million annually.
DTIC
Costs; Hospitals; Patients
20100015221 TRICARE Southwest, San Antonio, TX USA
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health Program
Speer, Daniel S; Mar 10, 2009; 54 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516545; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Between FY2005 and FY2007 the Coast Guard Pacific Area Command has spent in excess of $4.5 million on mental health purchased and direct care (M2, 2008). This report demonstrates how the Pacific Area Command can decrease the cost of mental health services while simultaneously improving access and quality of those services with the development of a Coast
Guard mental health network. A projected average annual cost savings of $1.4 million over a five year period can be realized, in addition to the soft benefits of: (a) improved coordination of mental health resources, (b) enhanced feedback to line
Commanders, (c) streamlined mental health medical board process, (d) improved case management, (e) pre and post deployment briefs to operational commands, and (f) education and training of Coast Guard personnel to remove the stigma associated with mental health illnesses.
DTIC
Coasts; Commerce; Costs; Mental Health; Pacific Ocean
20100015225 Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX USA
Development of Clinic Specific Physical Therapy Efficiency Targets Based on Clinic Specific Metrics
Fisher, Daniel P; Apr 24, 2009; 87 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516558; 03-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study proposes an alternate model of developing physical therapy clinic efficiency targets within the Army healthcare system. Methods: The Military Health System Management and Analysis Reporting Tool (M2) and the Expense Assignment
System (EAS IV) were queried to obtain fiscal year 2005 data from 28 military treatment facilities (MTFs). Ten variables entered a multiple regression modeling process to determine which variables, if any, best predicted total relative value units
(RVU) for each parent MTF. Predicted total RVUs were entered into the Performance Based Adjustment Model (PBAM) to calculate the efficiency rating of each parent MTF. Results: Multiple regression modeling identified several useful models for
RVU prediction. Both a monthly and an annual model identified four predictors of RVU production: 1) encounters performed by physical therapists, 2) encounters performed by technicians, 3) physical therapist clinically available FTEs and 4) is the
MTF a Medical Center. The monthly prediction model for RVUs resulted in an adjusted R2 = .943 (p.001). The annual prediction model for RVUs resulted in an adjusted R2 = .963 (p.001). Conclusion: The current MEDCOM method of developing an efficiency target based on averaging is not appropriate. The distribution of the individual MTF’s values is not normal and use of a measure of central tendency will always result in clinics above and below the target. Additionally, the current method results in several clinics with unrealistic efficiency ratings in the PBAM model which inflates the monetary budget adjustment for the MTF under the orthopedic product line. Developing individual clinic targets for each MTF with a regression model develops achievable targets for every MTF based on the characteristics of the clinic and reduces the wide variation in PBAM efficiency ratings and resulting monetary budget adjustments.
DTIC
Clinical Medicine; Medical Services; Targets; Therapy
201
20100015226 Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (Navy), Washington, DC USA
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare
Community
Lewis, Tracy M; May 2009; 106 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516560; 35-09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
According to the Department of Defense Task Force on Mental Health (2007), the current system is not sufficient to meet new demands for psychological healthcare services. The purpose of this exploratory management project is to apply a strategic planning process model to the psychological healthcare community in Navy Medicine, in order to establish a process that can be used throughout the enterprise. A system-wide examination provides a solid foundation for decision makers and demonstrates a replicable process that can be applied to examine emerging needs in other communities. Goals, objectives, action plans, and implementation strategies address the current and future requirements for psychological healthcare services in Navy- Medicine. The objectives are to increase the number of uniformed psychological healthcare providers, establish pipelines for recruiting and training, leverage the use of technology, improve access to psychological healthcare services, and reduce stress on the force. Further detailed analysis is required to determine actual force structure needs.
DTIC
Health; Management Planning; Medical Services; Mental Health; Military Operations; Navy
20100015229 Army Medical Dept. Center and School, Fort Sam Houston, TX USA
Deployment Effects on Children and Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military Families
Patrin, George D; Mar 22, 2009; 150 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516563; 35-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Age-appropriate video intervention toolkits (VIT) were designed and piloted with military children ages 3 to 5, 6 to 11, and 12 to 19 dealing with military deployment separation to assess for resiliency, develop coping skills, and monitor for mental health risk. Adults were educated about available resources to address stress and dysfunctional reactions to separation as well.
Questionnaires revealed that 63% of children (N = 86) were unaware of materials available to them. Short-term video efficacy was demonstrated by a 15% increase in knowledge of community resources after viewing the videos. 24% of children felt they could talk more easily about issues after seeing the program. Facilitator’s guides were provided to stimulate discussion afterwards. 18.2% (N = 14) of children screened positive for pre-deployment stress with the Pediatric Symptom Checklist
(PSC), comparable to national norms. An additional 9.1% (N = 7) asked for assistance, suggesting that potentially 24.1% of today’s deploying families may require assistance, education, or counseling. The VIT encouraged parents and children to ask questions and seek out appropriate intervention before, during, and/or after deployment leading to appropriate interventions that decrease adverse effects of deployment separation.
DTIC
Children; Deployment; Education; Mental Health; Video Signals
20100015230 Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI USA
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism(s) Underlying ER+/PR- Breast Tumorigenesis Using a Novel Genetically
Engineered Mouse Model
Xiao, Hua; Sep 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0377
Report No.(s): AD-A516566; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Estrogen-receptor alpha (ER?)-positive Progesterone receptor negative (ER+/PR-) breast ductal carcinomas comprise approximate 15-25% of human breast cancers. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the development of this subtype of breast cancer remain poorly understood. Using genetically-engineered Tip30 knockout mice generated in our laboratory, we previously demonstrated that Tip30 deletion results in development of tumors in several tissues and ductal hyperplasia in the mammary glands. This project is to study the molecular mechanism(s) underlying ER+/PR- breast tumorigenesis. Specifically, we proposed to determine genetic and epigenetic alterations in the initiation and progression of ER+/PR- mammary tumors arising in Tip30-/-/MMTV-neu mice. Here we show that Tip30 deletion in MMTV-Neu mice significantly accelerates the formation of ER+/PR- mammary tumors. An unbiased DNA microarray analysis revealed that Tip30 deletion resulted in increased activation of cAMP-mediated signaling, EGF signaling, IGF signaling and PI3K/AKT signaling in ER+/PRmammary tumors. Taken together, our data suggest that inactivation of TIP30 may contribute to the development of
202
ER-positive and PR- negative breast cancers through activation of EGF and IGF signaling pathways.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Mice
20100015231 Xavier Univ. of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA USA
Developing Breast Cancer Program at Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in
Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast Cancer
Wiese, Thomas E; May 2009; 38 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0557
Report No.(s): AD-A516574; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Xavier University (XU) and the Tulane Cancer Center (TCC) will build a core of human talent that will address scientific problems such as drug resistance and the effect of environmental agents on breast cancer (BC) in the African-American community. A multi-part research and training program will generate data, develop new research programs and train new faculty and African-American students in BC research. The first component will fund two research projects. The Wang and
Burow project will elucidate a previously unexplored cellular signaling mechanism that leads to drug resistance in breast carcinoma cells derived from African American women and women of other ethnicities. The Wiese and Hill project will identify and characterize the genes and gene products associated with BC cell proliferation induced by exposure to pesticide mixtures and is relevant to the African American community in Southern States where pesticide exposure is relatively high.
The second part of the program aims to increase the number of faculty at XU involved in BC research by supporting two junior faculty members to develop BC research projects with a TCC mentor. The third objective will support research training of XU undergraduates and pharmacy students. The fourth objective will provide workshops, seminars and research opportunities in
BC research for the XU community. This program will enhance the understanding of unique aspects of BC development and progression among African American women and will contribute to the elimination of the mortality gap between African-
American BC patients and women of other ethnicities.
DTIC
Africa; Breast; Cancer; Estrogens; Genome; Mammary Glands; Pesticides; Proteins; Proteome
20100015232 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Ponnazhagan, Selvarangan; Jun 2009; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0270
Report No.(s): AD-A516575; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Bone is the frequent metastatic site for human breast cancer resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a decoy receptor that competes with RANK for RANKL, thus, modulating the effects of RANKL. However, during the metastatic events involving cancer and stromal cell interaction, endogenous OPG levels are markedly reduced. Thus, OPG remains an effective molecule for future therapies for bone metastasis. We sought to achieve sustained effects of OPG combining cell therapy and gene therapy approaches. The aims were to determine therapeutic effects of stable OPG expression by rAAV gene therapy in a murine model of breast cancer bone metastasis, and to determine the synergistic effects of OPG gene therapy with bisphosphonate therapy in a murine model of breast cancer bone metastasis. Through this funding, we produced high-titer recombinant AAV vectors encoding osteoprotegerin, and tested the feasibility of MSC therapy for reducing osteolysis in bone initiated by cancer growth. Also we established a method for bone homing of ex vivo cultured MSC by transient expression of alpha4beta1 integrin.
DTIC
Bones; Breast; Cancer; Gene Therapy; Mammary Glands; Metastasis
20100015234 Texas Univ., Dallas, TX USA
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
Yu, Jian-Xin; Oct 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0593
Report No.(s): AD-A516579; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The lacZ gene encoding E. Coli beta-gal has already been recognized as the most commonly used reporter system in cancer gene therapy. Moreover prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been identified contrast agents for in vivo
203
detection of beta-gal or PSMA activity. This new concept of the Gd(III)-based MRI contrast agents is composed of three moieties: (A) a signal enhancement group, such as Gd-DOTA or Gd-PCTA; (B) an Fe(III) chelating group; (c) beta-D-galactose or glutamate. Following cleavage by lacZ transgene or PSMA in prostate cancer cells, the released, activated a glycone Fe(III)-ligand will spontaneously trap endogenous Fe(III) at the site of enzyme activity forming a highly stable complex to restrict motion of the Gd(III) chelates enhancing relativity and providing local contrast accumulation. We plan to synthesize a novel MRI contrast agents for imaging beta-gal or PSMA activity in prostate cancer cell culture, explore the feasibility of applying the most promising analogies to cells grown in vivo in mice and rats.
DTIC
Cancer; Enzymes; Gene Therapy; Imaging Techniques; In Vivo Methods and Tests; Magnetic Resonance; Prostate Gland;
Protons
20100015235 Puerto Rico Univ., San Juan, Puerto Rico
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate Breast Cancer Metastasis
Castillo-Pichardo, Linette; Sep 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0258
Report No.(s): AD-A516581; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The cancer preventive properties of individual grape and red wine polyphenols have been investigated. However, such studies focus mainly on individual compounds at concentrations too high to be achieved by dietary intake. In this study, we proposed to test the hypothesis that combined grape and red wine polyphenols at low concentrations can be more effective than individual compounds at inhibition of breast cancer progression. For this, we tested the effects of resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin, which constitute 70% of red wine polyphenols, on biological processes relevant to breast cancer progression using breast cancer cell lines. We found that combined grape polyphenols induce apoptosis and are more effective than individual resveratrol, quercetin, or catechin at inhibition of cell functions that promote breast cancer progression. Using estrogen receptor (ER)alpha(-), ERbeta(+) MDA-MB-231 and ER(-) MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cell lines we demonstrated that combined grape polyphenols increased apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell migration. Work in the laboratory also showed that combined grape polyphenols reduced primary breast tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice (Castillo-Pichardo, et al., 2009, Clin. Exp. Met. 26:505-16). Studies are underway to identify the molecular targets of grape polyphenols in breast cancer.
DTIC
Apoptosis; Breast; Cancer; Estrogens; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Phenols
20100015236 Naval Medical Research Inst., Bethesda, MD USA
A Comparison of Services Utilized by Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
Henriquez, Natalia C; Jun 26, 2009; 36 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516582; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study examines differences in the average number of encounters and amount of RVUs between patients that utilize acupuncture as part of their treatment regime and those who do not. This study replicates a study by Jaditz, Edwards, and
Morrow (2007), with differences in methodology. Subjects are from Military Health System Management Analysis and
Reporting Tool (M2) and consist of all beneficiary categories with a diagnosis of Lumbago, Myalgia, and/or Cervicalgia, treated at Naval Medical Center San Diego, California; Malcolm Grow Medical Center at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland; and Madigan Army Medical Center in Fort Lewis, Washington, in fiscal year 2008. A two-factor ANOVA revealed significant differences between acupuncture patients and two non-acupuncture groups, as well as differences between diagnoses. Post hoc analysis indicated that acupuncture patients had statistically higher average number of encounters and amount of RVUs than both groups of non-acupuncture patients (p 0.05).
DTIC
Encounters; Health; Medical Science; Medical Services; Patients
20100015237 Miami Univ., FL USA
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
Hu, Jennifer J; Aug 2009; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0493
Report No.(s): AD-A516584; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In response to radiation therapy (RT), many breast cancer patients experience early adverse skin reactions (EASRs) due
204
to inflammation. Therefore, we test alternative medicine with anti-inflammatory properties, Calendula officinalis and Ching
Wan Hung, in RT-induced EASRs. We have tested two animal models with two ionizing radiation (IR) sources. First, C57/BL6 mice were used and IR was performed in a clinical facility (Varian 2100C Linear Accelerator). Visible signs of radiation dermatitis, such as blood vessel dilation, erythema, scales, moist desquamation, were observed from day 8 to 20 with a peak on day 16. The mice treated with Calendula Officinalis shown a faster recovery compared to those treated with Ching Wan
Hung. Due to new clinical regulation, we had to change IR source. Second, SKH-hr1 hairless mice were used and IR was performed in a research facility (a 100 KV X-ray machine). No significant skin lesions or signs of radiation dermatitis were observed in all groups of animals. Mild skin reactions, such as reddening and scales, were observed in medicine-treated group around days 814. In summary, appropriate radiation dosage and topical medicine control will need to be evaluated in future studies as proposed in our no-cost-extension period.
DTIC
Clinical Medicine; Dermatitis; Health; Ionizing Radiation; Radiation Dosage; Radiation Therapy
20100015238 Naval Medical Research Inst., Portsmouth, VA USA
Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as Federal Coordinating Center, National Disaster Medical System: An Analysis of
Activation Preparedness
Whittaker, Maverick A; Jul 21, 2009; 63 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516585; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Emergency Management has been around in our country for more than two centuries and, during that time, has undergone significant changes. However, it was in the days following September 11.2001 that the U.S. realized that the threats America faces today are much greater than those faced in previous years. The threats posed by terrorism could prove to be more than our current system can handle. New legislation created Federal Coordinating Centers (FCCs) that were strategically placed
Veteran’s Administration (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) hospitals, which could be called upon to set up receiving centers and accept patients from other areas in response to a man-made or natural disaster. Naval Medical Center Portsmouth
(NMCP) is the designated FCC for the Hampton Roads region of Southeast Virginia. As such, NMCP understands and recognizes the need to be prepared for the possibility of being activated to receive patients. This paper analyzes the preparedness of NMCP to be activated under the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS), and compares NMCP’s full-scale drill to FCCs that have been activated for real world events.
DTIC
Disasters; Emergencies; Management Methods; Terrorism
20100015241 Great Plains Regional Medical Command, Fort Sam Houston, TX USA
Inpatient Behavioral Health Recapture A Busiess Case Analysis at Evans Army Community Hospital Fort Carson,
Colorado
Smith, Joni; Jul 20, 2009; 112 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516595; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of this business case analysis was to provide a detailed breakdown on the fiscal and qualitative impacts of a proposal to establish inpatient behavioral health services at Evans Army Community Hospital (EACH), Fort Carson, CO.
Over the period of FY03-08, the utilization of these services by active duty service members (ADSMs) increased by 698%, while associated costs increased 1233%. These statistics prompted a proposal to determine whether these services could be offered at EACH in a less costly manner than purchase care. After analysis of the fiscal costs and benefits, it was determined that implementing these services at EACH would result in a financial loss to both EACH and the Federal government.
However, there are numerous qualitative benefits of the project that make it worth considering such as an increased access to care, increased internal expertise, a complete longitudinal health record for the patient, improved referral management, decreased travel distance for family members and government staff, and decreased resource dependency on the purchase care network.
DTIC
Budgeting; Commerce; Government Procurement; Health; Hospitals
20100015246 Evans Army Community Hospital, Fort Carson, CO USA
Inpatient Mental Health Recapture
Smith, Jacob C; Aug 7, 2009; 63 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516601; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Evans Army Community Hospital (EACH) in Colorado Springs, Colorado is a 34 bed community hospital that currently
205
provides 28 Medical/Surgical inpatient beds, 6 ICU beds, and full spectrum outpatient clinical services (Table l). EACH maintained inpatient mental health services until fiscal year (FY) 2000 when it was determined that insufficient workload existed to maintain the service. In the years following the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), EACH experienced a significant increase in the amount of inpatient mental health purchased in the Colorado Springs health care market. This Business Case
Analysis (BCA) provides the command team of EACH the likely costs and benefits associated with implementation of inpatient mental health services. The project compares the return on investment (ROI) of two work-load recapture initiatives compared to maintaining the status quo. Preliminary analysis indicates a positive ROI under scenarios two and three within the first two years of implementation.
DTIC
Medical Services; Mental Health
20100015247 Reynolds Army Community Hospital, Fort Still, OK USA
An Analysis of Operating Room Performance Metrics at Reynolds Army Community Hospital
Moakler, Megan C; Jun 28, 2009; 64 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516603; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study includes developing workload based metrics that can be used to evaluate OR performance, analyzing the surgical services at Reynolds Army Community Hospital (RACH) with these metrics, and comparing the performance of each of the surgical services in these metrics with the traditional utilization metric. The metrics include: Surgical RVU per Hour,
RVU per Assigned Hour, RVU per Staffed Hour, Surgeon Cost per RVU, and Total Cost per RVU. An ANOVA identified a statistical difference among the performance of surgical services in each metric, including utilization rates, p 0.01. For each metric, the surgical services were further analyzed with a post hoc Tamhane’s T2 Test. Surgical Services were ranked according to performance in each metric. The ranking order was not the same across all six metrics; however, the top three surgical services were the same for all productivity based metrics. When compared to utilization rates, only one of these surgical services was ranked in the top three performers. The other two were ranked in the bottom three for utilization.
DTIC
Hospitals; Productivity; Rooms; Surgery
20100015248 Darnall Army Hospital, Fort Hood, TX USA
Inpatient Mental Health Recaptre using Dod/VA Sharing
Jackson, Dalmar A; Oct 3, 2009; 60 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516606; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center (CRDAMC) in Fort Hood, TX and Central Texas Veteran Health Care System
(CTVHCS) provide comprehensive acute psychiatric care to their respective beneficiaries in facilities less then 40 miles apart.
With the increase in demand for psychiatric services among active duty beneficiaries, CRDAMC has seen a considerable increase in inpatient psychiatry purchased care. In an effort to reduce network cost and increase sharing efforts between the two organizations, both CRDAMC and CTVHCS are considering a sharing agreement for inpatient psychiatry. This Business
Case Analysis (BCA) provides the command team of CRDAMC the likely cost and benefits associated with a sharing agreement for inpatient acute psychiatric services at the CTVHCS psychiatric facility in Waco, TX. The project compares the return on investment (ROI) of a proposed sharing agreement with the profitability of increasing CRDAMC’s own inpatient capabilities. The sharing agreement proposes CTVHCS provides inpatient psychiatric services to active duty personnel in exchange for physician staff to support the additional workload. Preliminary analysis of a proposed sharing agreement indicates a ROI of 197.5% in comparison to ROI of 87.4% with the recently implemented increase in beds on CRDAMC’s inpatient ward. Although the sharing agreement indicates a higher return, CRDAMC implemented business practice yields soft benefits that can not be capitalized upon with a sharing agreement.
DTIC
Agreements; Commerce; Mental Health; Psychiatry
20100015250 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast Cancer
Ramanujam, Nimmi; Oct 2009; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0363
Report No.(s): AD-A516613; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The goal of this proposal is to harness the power of light to create miniature and molecularly specific optical technologies
206
for breast cancer diagnosis and detection. The miniature technologies will leverage on millimeter scale silicon detectors and
LEDs to make compact devices that can be used in a practical clinical setting for breast cancer detection. The features that will be exploited for optical detection/diagnosis of breast cancer will include the physiological, structural and molecular alterations that accompany the transformation of a cell from a normal to malignant state. This proposal also focuses on using contrast agents, specifically aminolevulinic acid (ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and NBDG, for the molecular detection of breast cancer.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Detection; Mammary Glands; Miniaturization; Optical Equipment; Optical Measurement
20100015252 Hutchinson (Fred) Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA USA
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
Li, Christopher; Malone, Kathleen; Daling, Janet; Porter, Peggy; Oct 2009; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0482
Report No.(s): AD-A516616; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Given the large number of women exposed to progestins through either contraceptives or menopausal hormone therapies, clarifying the etiologic role of progestin in relation to breast cancer is of public health importance. This study’s two projects will further our understanding of the potential risk of breast cancer associated with progestin use. Project 1 involves the enrollment of 225 in situ breast cancer cases 20-44 years of age. Project 2 is a case-control study of women 55-74 years of age that will enroll 435 controls and 870 breast cancer cases (with three different histologic types of breast cancer, including
435 ductal cases and 435 lobular and mixed cases). Both projects involve a detailed in-person interview and review and testing of tumor samples for various tumor markers. There are no major findings from this study yet as data collection is currently in progress for both projects.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Females; Hormones; Mammary Glands; Risk
20100015257 Georgetown Univ., Washington, DC USA
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and Endocrine Responsiveness
Clarke, Robert; May 2009; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0319
Report No.(s): AD-A516632; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Almost 50% of all ER+ breast tumors will not respond to endocrine therapy. Resistance to endocrine therapy remains a significant clinical problem and advanced ER+ breast cancer is largely an incurable disease. Endocrine manipulation in sensitive cells can result in the induction of cell death through autophagy and/or apoptosis. We have recently obtained data implicating the unfolded protein response (UPR) as induced by the splicing of X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1) in the regulation of endocrine responsiveness in breast cancer cells. UPR is a key component of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response and has not previously been implicated in endocrine responsiveness. We hypothesize that XBP1(S) is a key regulator of breast cancer cell fate, acting through its regulation of UPR, BCL2, and BCL2:BECN1 heterodimers, and their subsequent effects on autophagy and apoptosis. We will determine how XBP1(S) affects cell fate, evaluating the role of an induction of
UPR that activates a prosurvival autophagy. In endocrine sensitive cells, autophagy should persist and become a cell death mechanism that can also initiate apoptosis. In resistant cells, basal autophagy should represent a survival mechanism to deal with the loss of autocrine and other growth factor signaling that accompanies endocrine therapy. We will explore the mechanistic role of XBP1(S) and its integrated signaling through UPR and BCL2 to regulate cell fate in both endocrine sensitive and resistant cells.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Drugs; Endocrinology; Mammary Glands; Proteins; Responses; Therapy
20100015258 Baptist Health Systems, San Antonio, TX USA
Insurance Claims: A Study in Denials
Goding, Ronald T; Nov 17, 2009; 45 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516635; 34-08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The study was to analyze the insurance claim denials to determine if Baptist Health System (BHS) of San Antonio, TX was increasing (declining) or decreasing (improving) their denial rates. The data were obtained from the BHS’s financial systems program. The model tested to be statistically significant using the Total Denial ANOVA table. The NULL hypothesis
207
will be rejected and the ALTERNATE hypothesis will be accepted. F=4.7 (4,115)p=.001. The BHS has decreased their Overall denial rates by approximately 50% over the last 12 months (April 2006 to March 2007) from the previous 12 months (April
2005 to March 2006). BHS also shows a positive downward trend in all the sub-study groups: facilities, denial categories and patient categories.
DTIC
Finance; Insurance (Contracts); Medical Services
20100015259 University of Southern Illinois, Springfield, IL USA
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
Watabe, Kounosuke; Mar 2009; 103 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0309
Report No.(s): AD-A516636; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Once breast cancer is diagnosed, the most critical question is whether the disease is localized or has it already metastasized to other organs. However, the molecular basis of tumor metastasis is poorly understood as yet. The major goal of this project was to elucidate the function of the tumor metastasis suppressor gene, Drg-1/NDRG1. Toward this goal, we have set three specific aims; (i) to clarify the role of the NDRG1 gene in the progression of breast cancer(Task 1), (ii) to clarify the control mechanism of the NDRG1 gene by PTN (Task 2), and (iii) to evaluate diagnostic/prognostic value of NDRG1 in breast cancer (Task 3). We have successfully accomplished Task 1 and Task 3. Task 1 especially generated exciting data that provide several promising future directions to further study the function of NDRG1. Task 2 is still ongoing and we plan to continue our effort on this task even after completion of this grant.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Tumor Suppressor Genes
20100015260 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Sloan, Erica; Oct 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0629
Report No.(s): AD-A516637; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Metastasis to distant organs is responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality of breast cancer. Recent research has focused on the host microenvironment as a target for new anti-cancer therapies [1, 2]. This research has shown that mUltiple host cell types contribute to tumor metastasis. However, little attention has focused on the neural component of the tumor microenvironment. Nerve fibers from the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system innervate organs that are preferentially targeted by breast cancer metastasis, including lymph nodes, lungs, and bone [3-5]. By modulating the microenvironment targeted by metastasis, it is possible that the host sympathetic nervous system (SNS) may contribute to breast cancer metastasis in the presence of chronic stress. Chronic stress can increase the density of SNS nerve fibers in lymph nodes by through the neurotrophic actions of Nerve Growth Factor [6]. This provides an anatomical basis for increased SNS signaling in this metastatic target tissue during periods of chronic stress. Furthermore, -adrenergic receptors have been documented in multiple tumor types, including breast cancer [7-9]. In vitro studies have shown that SNS signaling regulates multiple pathways that converge on the metastatic phenotype, inclUding tumor cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, matrix metalloprotease activation, src oncogene signaling, and expression of interleukins-6 and -8 [10-12].
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Mortality; Sympathetic Nervous System
20100015261 Naval Medical Research Inst., San Diego, CA USA
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health System
Howard, Brian; Nov 13, 2009; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516638; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This business case estimates expected benefits and costs to Naval Medical Center San Diego (NMCSD) Health System that would result from a decision to design a Consult and Appointment Management Office (CAMO) under the NMCSD,
Department of Healthcare Business (DHB), and Multi- Service Market Office (MSMO). This CAMO would consolidate all appointing and referrals management functions under one office. Naval Medical Center San Diego is considering the expansion as a step toward recouping workload currently lost in the network, increasing customer satisfaction and obtaining
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complex procedures and disease processes that are vital to the NMCSD GME program.
DTIC
Commerce; Health; Medical Services; Mental Health; Personnel
20100015262 California Univ., San Francisco, CA USA
Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis
Shannon, Kevin; Oct 1, 2009; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0265
Report No.(s): AD-A516646; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report describes the past four years of research performed by a Consortium of investigators who were continuously funded by this Program since 1999 to develop, characterize, and utilize strains of mice that accurately model tumors found in persons with NF1 and NF2. This Consortium has generated many novel models of NF1 and NF2-associated tumors and has exploited these strains to investigate biologic and preclinical questions. The investigators have collaborated closely and have extensively shared expertise and reagents with each other and with NF researchers around the world. These mouse strains developed through this effort are a cornerstone of NF research and are instrumental to an effort by the Children’s Tumor
Foundation to organize and support a preclinical network for testing therapeutics that might benefit persons with NF1 and NF2 disease.
DTIC
Clinical Medicine; Fibrosis; Mice
20100015264 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
Telomere Length as a Predictor of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Platz, Elizabeth A; Nov 1, 2008; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0030
Report No.(s): AD-A516649; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We evaluated whether men with shorter telomere length in prostate cancer tissue and in normal appearing prostate tissue adjacent to adenocarcinoma have a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer than men with longer telomere length. We included 663 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study who underwent radical prostatectomy and for whom tissue was obtained and arrayed on six tissue microarrays. We used FISH to conduct relative quantitation of telomere length in 4000 digitally-imaged spots equating to 40,000 records. For each man, we determined telomere length in normal stroma, normal epithelium (basal and luminal cells), cancer (luminal cells), high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (basal and luminal cells), normal stroma associated with cancer, and normal stroma associated with PIN. The data were entered into software developed at Hopkins called Telometer. We are in the data cleaning phase, will perform the statistical analysis over the next few months, and will submit an abstract to a national cancer meeting next year while concurrently preparing the manuscript.
DTIC
Cancer; Epidermis; Prostate Gland; Telomeres
20100015265 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Killing Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Apoptosome
Kornbluth, Sally; Jun 1, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0496
Report No.(s): AD-A516650; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Cells die in response to chemotherapeutic agents by activating pathway. This pathway leads to activation of proteases known of cytochrome c from mitochodria. Once released, cytochrome known as Apaf-1, which oligomerizes and activates caspase cancer cells have apoptosomes which are hypersensitive to develop cytoplasmic variants of cytochrome c and/or small to activate the apoptosome in breast cancer cells.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Mitochondria
20100015266 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and Differentiation in Fracture Repair
Goldstein, Steven A; Handenson, Kurt; Kilbourn, Michael; Nov 2009; 62 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0107
Report No.(s): AD-A516651; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The goal of this program is to investigate the influence of controlled mechanical stimulation on the behavior of progenitor
209
cells in an effort to develop strategies to significantly enhance the rate and quality of fracture repair in long bone. All of the proposed studies in the program were completed. The results demonstrate that the application of load increases the callus volume, bone mineral density and biomechanical properties. More importantly, the data demonstrates a substantial independence on the time of load application. Load stimulation can positively influence fracture repair when applied at 10 or
24 days after fracture, while early application (during granulation tissue formation) may be detrimental to tissue regeneration.
We also demonstrated that systemically introduced progenitor cells play an indirect role on the repair and identified a variety of factors that may be associated with repair cell recruitment. Surprisingly, the introduction of cells locally into the fracture site were detrimental to the repair process and unaffected by load. The results provide a rationale for new strategies for enhancing fracture repair.
DTIC
Bones; Cells (Biology); Fractures (Materials); Fracturing; Healing; Migration; Regeneration (Physiology)
20100015268 Greater San Antonio Hospital Council, TX USA
Running Head: Texas State Children’s Health Insurance Program. Proposed Solutions for the Continuance of the
Texas State Children’s Health Insurance Program
Rose, Dawn M; Apr 2009; 54 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516654; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Although healthcare is not a right specified in the Constitution of the USA, many feel a social obligation to provide healthcare to the elderly, disabled, and children. The elderly and disabled receive health coverage benefits through Medicare and Medicaid. Established in 1997, the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) is one of the mechanisms to provide uninsured children with health. The State Children’s Health Insurance Program was up for renewal in August/
September of 2007. President Bush twice vetoed renewal legislation; however, he did grant an extension of the program through March 2009. SCHIP has since been extended under the new Presidential administration; however, millions of children are still without insurance. Now that SCHIP renewal has been passed, the state of Texas will need to determine a level of support and a course of action to account for approximately 1.5 million uninsured children in Texas (Texas Health Care Primer,
2007).
DTIC
Children; Health; Insurance (Contracts); Medical Services
20100015450 Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX, USA
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Wright, Steve T.; Ivan, Douglas J.; Clark, Patirck J.; Gooch, John M.; Thompson, William; March 2010; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516040; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516040
Corrective lens use by military aviators is an important consideration in the design of head-mounted equipment. The USA
Air Force (USAF) has periodically monitored lens use by aviators; however, it has been over a decade since the last study.
We provide an update on the prevalence of corrective lenses and refractive error among-USAF aircrew based on eyeglass orders processed through the Spectacle-Request-Transmission-System (SRTS). Currently, 41% of active duty USAF pilots and
54% of other aircrew require corrective lenses to perform flight duties. Refractive errors are characterized by low to moderate levels of myopia with a mean spherical equivalent power of -1.01 diopters (D) for pilots and -1.68 D for others. Contact lenses, and more recently refractive surgery, reduce the number of aircrew that must rely on spectacles when flying; however, spectacle compatibility remains an important consideration in the cockpit.
DTIC
Errors; Flight Crews; Lenses; Refractivity; United States
20100015452 Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, MD USA
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions
Now
Otto, Jean L.; Barnett, Daniel J.; Fisher, Carol; Lipnick, Robert; DeFraites, Robert F.; March 2010; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516027; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516027
To address concerns and issues related to transportation and public health management of contagious individuals in the context of an influenza pandemic, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC) and the Center for Disaster and
210
Humanitarian Assistance Medicine (CDHAM) sponsored a one-day, Tri-Service workshop and tabletop exercise entitled U.S.
Military’s Management of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) and Beyond. A central focus of workshop presentations and discussions related to current USTRANSCOM policy on movement of highly contagious patients. This policy dictates that patients with known or suspected infection with a highly contagious disease will not be transported within the patient movement system, but rather will be treated in place or with minimal transportation to medical authorities. These include infections with any agent that could present a national security threat, require special public health actions, or potentiate public panic and social disruption. The treat in place approach may thus entail movement of medical resources to locations of need.
DTIC
Defense Program; Evacuating (Transportation); Influenza; Medical Services; Patients; Policies
20100015501 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Distributions of Low- and High-LET Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
Hada, Megumi; Zhang, Ye; Feiveson, Alan; Cucinotta, Francis A.; Wu, Honglu; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 21st Annual NASA
Space Radiation Investigators’ Workshop, 16-19 May 2010, Port Jefferson, NY, USA
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20476; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
To study the breakpoint along the length of the chromosome induced by low- and high-LET radiations, we exposed human epithelial cells in vitro to Cs-137 rays at both low and high dose rates, secondary neutrons at a low dose rate, and 600 MeV/u
Fe ions at a high dose rate. The location of the breaks was identified using the multicolor banding in situ hybridization
(mBAND) that paints Chromosome 3 in 23 different colored bands. The breakpoint distributions were found to be similar between rays of low and high dose rates and between the two high-LET radiation types. Detailed analysis of the chromosome break ends involved in inter- and intrachromosome exchanges revealed that only the break ends participating in interchromosome exchanges contributed to the hot spots found for low-LET. For break ends participating in intrachromosome exchanges, the distributions for all four radiation scenarios were similar with clusters of breaks found in three regions.
Analysis of the locations of the two break ends in Chromosome 3 that joined to form an intrachromosome exchange demonstrated that two breaks with a greater genomic separation may be more likely to rejoin than two closer breaks, indicating that chromatin folding can play an important role in the rejoining of chromosome breaks. Our study demonstrated that the gene-rich regions do not necessarily contain more breaks. The breakpoint distribution depends more on the likelihood that a break will join with another break in the same chromosome or in a different chromosome.
Author
Chromosomes; Genome; Epithelium; Cells (Biology); Radiation Dosage
20100015718 Utah Univ., Salt Lake City, UT USA
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Westinskow, Dwayne, Inventor; Agutter, James, Inventor; Syroid, Noah, Inventor; Strayer, David, Inventor; Albert, Robert,
Inventor; Wachter, S. Blake, Inventor; Drews, Frank, Inventor; February 2, 2010; 48 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed October 11, 2002; US-Patent-7,654,966; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/269,423; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015718
A method, system, apparatus and device for the monitoring, diagnosis and evaluation of the state of a dynamic pulmonary system is disclosed. This method and system provides the processing means for receiving sensed and/or simulated data, converting such data into a displayable object format and displaying such objects in a manner such that the interrelationships between the respective variables can be correlated and identified by a user. This invention provides for the rapid cognitive grasp of the overall state of a pulmonary critical function with respect to a dynamic system.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Pulmonary Functions; Cardiovascular System; Diagnosis
20100015809 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA
Preparedness for a CBRNE Event
Dembek, Zygmunt F; Jan 2008; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516749; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516749
Former Secretary of the Navy Richard Danzig postulates the potential catastrophic effects of bioterrorism on our nation
211
from reload. Simply put, reload is the ability of an enemy to repeatedly conduct bioterrorism attacks. Are our military health care providers and first responders prepared for such a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosive
(CBRNE) attack? The precise answer to this question is as likely to appear through gazing at a Magic 8-Ball as from any particular source and will not be fully known until such an event occurs. However, some indicators are available to help predict the outcome of a CBRNE attack on our homeland and how the military can participate in a national response. To conduct a realistic assessment of national CBRNE preparedness, it is useful to examine: * historical accounts of national readiness * changes that have occurred since 9/11 among the various components of civilian and military health care providers as well as capacity * educational measures needed to prepare for CBRNE events * critical role of leadership in emergency response.
DTIC
Disasters; Emergencies; Terrorism
20100015813 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
Goldman, E R; Liu, J L; Delehanty, J B; Anderson, G P; Hayhurst, A; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516757; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516757
The ability to quickly and accurately detect potential bio-threat agents is a priority for the Department of Defense and for homeland security. Most rapid diagnostic and detection immunoassays rely on monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies (IgG) as the recognition elements. Although sensitive and specific, these conventional antibodies are time-consuming to develop and have limited stability. To form the antigen binding site, conventional IgG require the pairing of variable (V) heavy and light domains. Cloned derivatives of conventional IgG that comprise just these V domains form a minimal antigen binding site.
These derivatives have long been used to develop recognition elements for biosensor applications. However, these single-chain antibodies (scFv) are often less stable than the parental full-length antibodies and aggregate irreversibly at elevated temperatures due to their two-domain structure. Ideally, development of a one- or single-domain structure capable of antigen binding may avoid aggregation upon heating and would facilitate the application of biosensors at elevated environmental temperatures or for continuous use over long periods of time. In the mid 1990s, it was discovered that certain animals, such as camels, llamas, and sharks, possess a class of unconventional immunoglobulins consisting of heavy-chain homodimers where antigen binding is mediated through a single V domain. These V domains, when cloned as single-domain antibodies (sdAb), comprise the smallest known antigen binding fragments (13-15 KDa). SdAb can refold to bind antigen after chemical or heat denaturation, enabling them to retain the ability to bind antigen after exposure to elevated temperatures. Our goal was to develop recombinant libraries of sdAb to permit the selection and evaluation of these unique biomaterials for the benefit of future biodefense requirements.
DTIC
Antibodies; Bioinstrumentation; Biological Weapons; Immunoassay; Thermal Stability
20100015836 Department of the Army, Falls Church, VA USA
A Comparison of Dependent Primary Care Utilization Rates Based on Deployments
Doperak, Martin D; Mar 9, 2009; 47 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516837; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516837
Due to the current Global War on Terror (GWOT), many Army posts are experiencing frequent deployments of Soldiers.
During a deployment with many Soldiers deployed from a post, it is tempting to think that there will be less demand for medical care and the post will need fewer resources to provide for the dependents of the deployed Soldiers. No statistical study has been done to evaluate the health care utilization rate of dependents in the current war on terror. The purpose of this
Graduate Management Project (GMP) is to determine if there is a difference between the quantity of primary care used by dependents of deployed Soldiers and dependents of non-deployed Soldiers. Four two month periods were analyzed in 2006 and 2007 at three Army posts: Ft. Bragg, Ft. Hood and Ft. Lewis. This study compares the mean number of simple Relative
Value Units (RVUs) used by those who accessed primary care in the direct care system and purchased care sectors of the
Military Healthcare System. Statistically significant differences were found between the RVU utilization means of only two of the posts: Ft. Bragg and Ft. Lewis. Because there were only statistically significant differences in two of the three posts, the results of the RVU means tests did not support a generalized conclusion that there was an increased RVU utilization by the dependents of deployed Soldiers compared to the dependents of non-deployed Soldiers. Dependents of the deployed
212
Soldier groups, however, were consistently almost twice as likely to access primary care compared to dependents of the non-deployed Soldier groups.
DTIC
Deployment; Medical Services
20100015851 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and
Afghanistan
Soltis, Bryony W; Sanders, John W; Putnam, Shannon D; Tribble, David R; Riddle, Mark S; Jul 8, 2009; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516869; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516869
BACKGROUND: Historically, respiratory infections have had a significant impact on U.S. military missions. Deployed troops are particularly at high risk due to close living conditions, stressful work environments and increased exposure to pathogens. To date, there are limited data available on acute respiratory illness (ARI) among troops deployed in support of ongoing military operations, specifically Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF).
METHODS: Using self-report data from two sources collected from troops deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan and the surrounding region, we analyzed incidence and risk factors for ARI. Military personnel on mid-deployment Rest and Recuperation (R&R) or during redeployment were eligible to participate in the voluntary self-report survey. RESULTS: Overall, 39.5% reported having at least one ARI. Of these, 18.5% sought medical care and 33.8% reported having decreased job performance. The rate of self-reported ARI was 15 episodes per 100 person-months among those taking the voluntary survey, and 24.7 episodes per
100 person-months among those taking the clinic health questionnaire. Negative binomial regression analysis found female sex, Navy branch of service and lack of flush toilets to be independently associated with increased rates of ARI. Deployment to OIF, increasing age and higher rank were also positively associated with ARI risk. CONCLUSIONS: The overall percentage of deployed military personnel reporting at least one acute respiratory illness decreased since earlier parts of OIF/OEF.
However, the reported effect on job performance increased tremendously. The most important factors associated with increased respiratory infection are female sex, Navy branch of service, lack of improved latrine facilities, deployment to OIF, increasing age and higher rank.
DTIC
Afghanistan; Deployment; Iraq; Military Personnel; Respiratory Diseases; Sicknesses; Viruses
20100015855 British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
Characterization of Human Mammary Epithelial Stem Cells
Eirew, Peter D; Oct 2007; 33 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0702
Report No.(s): AD-A516902; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516902
The mammary epithelium in normal adult female mice contains undifferentiated stem cells with extensive in vivo regenerative and self-renewal potential. Analogous cells presumably exist in the mammary glands of adult women, and may be the target cells for transforming mutations that lead to the evolution of breast cancer stem cells. The objective of this grant is to develop a robust, reproducible and specific assay for normal human mammary stem cells, based on a recently-developed xenotransplant methodology. The assay will be applied to identify stem cell markers, develop a methodology to purify stem cells from normal adult breast tissue, and derive information about their frequency and regulation. Considerable progress has been made in developing a stem cell assay in the first year of this grant. We have established conditions that allow human mammary tissue to be regenerated in subrenal xenografts in highly immunodeficient mice, starting with small innocula of dissociated human mammary cells. Furthermore, we have shown that measuring the number of progenitors present in xenografts after several weeks serves as a sensitive and objective readout for the presence of primitive stem-like cells among the transplanted cells, allowing this system to be used as a quantitative stem cell assay. Transplants of FACS-separated sub-populations show that these stem cells have a CD49f(high) EpCAM-/low CD31-CD45- phenotype. These findings set the stage for further biological and molecular characterization studies of normal human mammary stem cells and their relationship to human breast cancer stem cells.
DTIC
Mammary Glands; Stem Cells
213
20100015883 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL USA
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
Brown, Daniel R; Jun 29, 2007; 29 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0281
Report No.(s): AD-A517012; 00061398; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517012
Disease has become an increasingly important issue for wildlife management considerations over the past two decades.
Our long term goals are to understand the impacts of diseases on free-ranging tortoises in order to improve the sustainability of managed tortoise populations. One of our overall objectives is to improve the diagnosis of infectious diseases in tortoises.
The specific objective of this project was to accumulate additional data on performance of the RAPTORTM field-portable evanescent-wave biosensor for rapid diagnosis. Banked plasma samples were tested in a double-blind study under laboratory conditions, then from that data the parameters that define the reliability of a diagnostic test were estimated. Under the conditions described the RAPTORTM was able to discriminate between true seropositive and true seronegative tortoise plasma. False positives were rare and false negatives were more frequent than false positives. Management Recommendations:
When making tortoise management decisions on the basis of infectious disease diagnostics, it is critical to establish goals for the population of interest, to determine a necessary sample size to meet the goals for surveillance, and to consider the PPY and NPY of the tests before implementing any policy. The goals established for the tortoise population can help managers decide whether potential assay errors should impact decision-making, and whether the benefits of the field-portable format and lower per-sample cost of the RAPTORTM assay outweigh its disadvantages in capital cost and International Traffic in Arms
Regulations (ITAR) compliance.
DTIC
Bioinstrumentation; Biological Effects; Detection; Diagnosis; Infectious Diseases; Turtles
20100015890 Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX USA
Operative Management of Wartime Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
Hudak, Steven J; Hakim, Samuel; Jul 2009; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517031; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517031
We detail the 3-year experience of operative combat urology of genitourinary surgeons stationed at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, Balad, Iraq. We performed an institutional review board approved, retrospective review of operative logs of the 9 urologists deployed to Balad Air Force Theater Hospital from June, 1 2005 to June 1, 2008. All operative cases performed by the urologists deployed to this facility were reviewed. Patients were grouped by injury location and operative approach.
Analysis included the calculation of relative injury rates by location and the incidence of organ preservation. During the 36 months reviewed 273 patients underwent a total of 361 operative and 25 endoscopic procedures for 1 or more genitourinary injuries. Of the patients 227 (83.1%) had wounds to the lower genitourinary tract, 39 (14.3%) had wounds to the upper genitourinary tract and 7 (2.6%) had upper and lower genitourinary injuries. Exploration, debridement and repair of soft tissue injury to the external genitalia were the most commonly performed procedures. Of the 88 testicular injuries explored testicular salvage was achieved in 45 (51.1%). Nephrectomy was required in 17 of the 27 operative renal injury cases (63.0%). Most genitourinary injuries treated at Balad Air Force Theater Hospital involve the lower genitourinary tract. The high frequency of genital trauma often requires staged reconstructive procedures. Acceptable renal and testicular salvage rates are attainable.
This study highlights the diverse array of surgical treatment modalities needed to manage genitourinary trauma during
Operation Iraqi Freedom.
DTIC
Genitourinary System; Hospitals; Injuries; Surgery; Urology
20100015893 University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS USA
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
Pandey, R B; Farmer, B L; Mar 22, 2010; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517038; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517038
A coarse-grained model is used to study the structure and dynamics of a human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease 1DIFA dimer consisting of 198 residues in an effective solvent medium on a cubic lattice by Monte Carlo simulations for a range of interaction strengths. Energy and mobility profiles of residues are found to depend on the interaction strength and exhibit
214
remarkable segmental symmetries in two monomers. Lowest energy residues such as Arg41 and Arg140 most electrostatic and polar are not the least mobile; despite the higher energy, the hydrophobic residues Ile, Leu, and Val are least mobile and form the core by pinning down the local segments for the globular structure. Variations in the gyration radius Rg and energy Ec of the protein show nonmonotonic dependence on the interaction strength with the smallest Rg around the largest value of Ec.
Pinning of the conformations by the hydrophobic residues at high interaction strength seems to provide seed for the protein chain to collapse.
DTIC
Dimers; Enzymes; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Infectious Diseases; Monte Carlo Method; Protease; Solvents; Viruses
20100015894 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Testing and Validation of High Density Resequencing Microarray for Broad Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Leski, Tomasz A; Lin, Baochuan; Malanoski, Anthony P; Wang, Zheng; Long, Nina C; Meador, Carolyn E; Barrows, Brian;
Ibrahim, Sofi; Hardick, Justin P; Aitichou, Mohamed; Schnur, Joel M; Tibbetts, Clark; Stenger, David A; Aug 11, 2009; 9 pp.;
In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517039; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517039
Rapid and effective detection and identification of emerging microbiological threats and potential biowarfare agents is very challenging when using traditional culture-based methods. Contemporary molecular techniques, relying upon reverse transcription and/or polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR/PCR) provide a rapid and effective alternative, however, such assays are generally designed and optimized to detect only a limited number of targets, and seldom are capable of differentiation among variants of detected targets. To meet these challenges, we have designed a broad-range resequencing pathogen microarray (RPM) for detection of tropical and emerging infectious agents (TEI) including biothreat agents: RPM-TEI v 1.0
(RPM-TEI). The scope of the RPM-TEI assay enables detection and differential identification of 84 types of pathogens and
13 toxin genes, including most of the class A, B and C select agents as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, GA). Due to the high risks associated with handling these particular target pathogens, the sensitivity validation of the RPM-TEI has been performed using an innovative approach, in which synthetic DNA fragments are used as templates for testing the assay’s limit of detection (LOD). Assay specificity and sensitivity was subsequently confirmed by testing with full-length genomic nucleic acids of selected agents. The LOD for a majority of the agents detected by RPM-TEI was determined to be at least 104 copies per test. Our results also show that the RPM-TEI assay not only detects and identifies agents, but is also able to differentiate near neighbors of the same agent types, such as closely related strains of filoviruses of the Ebola Zaire group, or the Machupo and Lassa arenaviruses.
DTIC
Biological Weapons; Detection; Diseases; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Regions
20100015901 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Of Battle and Disease: The East African Campaign of 1914-18
Brown, John S; Jan 1982; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517066; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517066
It is generally accepted that extended military operations before the 20th century often saw more troops lost to disease than to hostile action. Yet disease has received comparatively meager attention down through history as a significant element of consideration in operational planning. Armies kept little in the way of medical records before the 19th century. Then, in the latter half of that century, military medicine made great advances, accurate medical records first appeared, and medical problems received some attention in general military studies. This developing interest flourished briefly, before further medical advances, including the advent of wonder drugs, again reduced any general interest in the effects of disease on operations.
Military medicine became the domain of specialists expected to sweep away the medical implications of decisions military planners had already made.
DTIC
Africa; Medical Services; Military Operations
215
20100015905 Pittsburgh Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Elucidating the Role of Translocator Protein in Prostate Cancer
Fafalios, Arlee; Pflug, Beth R; Sep 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-1-0162
Report No.(s): AD-A517085; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517085
Purpose: To determine the functional role of Translocator Protein (TSPO) in prostate cancer progression. Scope: To demonstrate the effect of TSPO ligands in prostate cancer, we utilized cell proliferation assays, apoptosis ELISAs, and a prostate cancer mouse xenograft study. Our findings provide the first evidence of the anti-tumor effects of lorazepam acting on TSPO. To determine the effect of modulating TSPO expression, we performed overexpression and knockdown studies.
These studies provided further evidence that lorazepam is acting through TSPO, as overexpression of TSPO conferred increased susceptibility to lorazepam while TSPO knockdown decreased susceptibility. We investigated the role of TSPO multimers in prostate cancer. TSPO multimers can be induced by reactive oxygen species and may be formed through a di-tyrosine covalent bond. TSPO expression increases with prostate cancer progression. The benzodiazepine lorazepam exerts its anticancer effects through its binding to TSPO. Major findings: Collectively, these data suggest that TSPO is an excellent therapeutic target for advanced disease and that our preclinical results demonstrating that the already existing FDA-approved drug lorazepam has anti-tumor effects could be easily translated to the prostate cancer patient population. These studies could lead to a significant change in the management of prostate cancer by providing a treatment option with minimal toxicity for use in advanced disease and could ultimately prevent prostate cancer deaths.
DTIC
Cancer; Prostate Gland; Proteins
20100015907 Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA USA
Empirical Modeling of Nanoscale Dynamics using Solution Mapping
Grover, Martha; Feb 27, 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0161
Report No.(s): AD-A517089; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517089
Computer simulations provide useful predictions of complex system dynamics, but they cannot be easily inverted for use in control and optimization. When the computational time to run a single prediction is high, approximate models with reduced computation are required. These models must be straightforward to build and have quantified bounds on their accuracy. With support from this grant two automated methods were developed for building empirical models from simulation data. These methods were subsequently applied to stochastic simulations of nanoscale dynamics. In the first method, the simulation dynamics are modeled on a discrete state space, with input-dependent transitions between the states. This approach was used for dynamic optimization of a gallium arsenide surface deposition process, which was not computationally feasible for the full simulation. The second method, based on Gaussian process modeling, was developed to further improve the prediction accuracy of the first method, which was limited by the discrete state space. Moreover, Gaussian process modeling enabled a quantification of the prediction variance, which is necessary so that the dynamic model can be used with confidence in control applications.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Mapping; Models
20100015909 Texas Univ. Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX USA
Role of PELP1 in EGFR-ER Signaling Crosstalk in Ovarian Cancer Cells
Vadlamudi, Ratna K; Apr 2007; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0398
Report No.(s): AD-A517092; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517092
Proline-, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein (PELP)1, is a novel nuclear receptor (NR) coregulator. PELP1/MNAR serves as a scaffolding protein, participates in genomic and nongenomic functions of NRs and its expression is shown to be deregulated in hormonally responsive cancers. However little is known about PELP1 role in ovarian cancer progression. To examine the significance of PELP1 in ovarian cancer progression, we have generated model cells that overexpress PELP1
(IOSE-PELP1 and BG-1 PELP1) and ovarian cancer cells in which PELP1 expression is down regulated by stable expression of PELP1 specific shRNA (OVCAR3-PELP1-shRNA and SKOV3-shRNA). PELP1 overexpression in IOSE and BG1 model
216
cells resulted in alterations in cell morphology with increased F-Actin containing structures including ruffles and filopodia.
Analysis of cellular signalling pathways using phospho-specific antibodies revealed constitutive activation of c-Src kinase and increased phosphorylation of estrogen receptor. The expression of PELP1-shRNA in OVCAR3 cells dramatically decreased endogenous PELP1 expression and showed defects in cytoskeletal reorganization upon growth factor stimulation and exhibited low proliferation rate in invitro cell culture assays and invivo nude mice assays. Collectively these results suggest that PELP1 play a role in ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration, and its expression is deregulated in ovarian carcinomas.
DTIC
Cancer; Crosstalk; Ovaries
20100015915 Albert Einstein Coll. of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
Kim, Kami; Mar 2007; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-2-0025
Report No.(s): AD-A517113; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517113
Because resistance to current antimalarials is widespread, new targets for malaria chemotherapy are needed to protect military personnel stationed in developing countries. Malaria parasites cannot make purines needed for RNA and DNA and must salvage purines from their host. Our preliminary studies reveal purine salvage is unique in malaria parasites. We would like to determine whether the unique activities of the malaria enzymes can be exploited to develop specific treatments for malaria that will be effective but not toxic. While study of drug targets in vivo is critical for all infectious diseases, evaluation in an animal model is especially critical for evaluation of purine salvage as a drug target. Malaria parasites are routinely maintained in the laboratory with high concentrations of purines, but levels of purines in mammalian blood are tightly regulated and 100-fold less than typical culture conditions. Therefore the efficacy of purine salvage inhibition and importance of purine salvage enzymes must be examined under physiological conditions that cannot be replicated during in vitro culture conditions. We plan to perform our studies in Plasmodium yoelli, a rodent malaria whose genome has been sequenced and for which there are techniques for genetic manipulation. Using this system we will genetically disrupt purine salvage genes and test their importance to the parasite. We will test the effects of malaria-specific purine salvage inhibitors on malaria infection in mice. These novel drugs will be tested in combination with other antimalarials and will also be evaluated for efficacy against exoerythrocytic malaria forms. We hope these experiments will lead to the development of new effective and nontoxic agents that can protect our military personnel from the lethal effects of malaria infection.
DTIC
Chemotherapy; Enzymes; Parasitic Diseases; Purines; Rodents; Targets
20100015916 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
Schmitz, Karl; Jul 2007; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0518
Report No.(s): AD-A517127; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517127
Tissue inflammation and inflammatory cytokines can positively affect breast cancer prognosis. By providing a detailed understanding of the mechanism of inflammasome formation and activation, we hope to create the potential for inflammation based cancer therapies. For each of the key protein domains in the inflammasome complex, panels of constructs have been screened for their amenity to further biochemical characterization. NALP LRR domain was found to express poorly, with poor solubility, possibly due to oxidation-related folding problems. Constructs of the adaptor CARDINAL were found to express well, but suffer proteolysis during purification. Analysis of CARDINAL partial proteolysis products may yield a proteolyticaly stable CARDINAL subdomain. NACHT constructs were successfully produced by baculovirus/SF9 expression, and will be subjected to biochemical and enzymatic characterization.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Enzymes; Mammary Glands; Modulators; Prognosis; Therapy
217
20100015918 Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print
Intervention
Thompson, Hayley; Mar 2006; 63 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0026
Report No.(s): AD-A517139; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517139
Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality is higher among African American (AA) men compared to all other groups.
There is compelling evidence that higher mortality is due to the greater likelihood of AA men to be diagnosed with advanced stage PCa. PCa screening, specifically prostate-specific antigen test (PSA) and digital rectal exam (DRE), has been shown to increase early-stage diagnoses. Although several organizations recommend annual PCa screening starting at age 45 for AA men, screening among AA men is low. Indeed, interventions to increase screening and the early detection of PCa among AA men are critical. Although culturally targeted health interventions have been found to be effective there are no interventions that have systematically addressed culturally relevant factors in PCa screening among AA men. The primary aim of the proposed study is to develop and evaluate the impact of a culturally targeted (CT) print intervention on PCa screening participation among AA 410 men through a randomized controlled trial. The proposed research also seeks to investigate the mediational pathways (i.e., mechanisms) through which the culturally targeted print intervention impacts screening participation.
DTIC
Africa; Cancer; Detection; Human Beings; Males; Prostate Gland
20100015919 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Ponnazhagan, Selvarangan; Jun 2007; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0270
Report No.(s): AD-A517141; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517141
Bone is the frequent metastatic site for human breast cancer resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a decoy receptor that competes with RANK for RANKL, thus, modulating the effects of RANKL. However, during the metastatic events involving cancer and stromal cell interaction, endogenous OPG levels are markedly reduced. Thus, OPG remains an effective molecule for future therapies for bone metastasis. We sought to achieve sustained effects of OPG combining cell therapy and gene therapy approaches. The aims were to determine therapeutic effects of stable OPG expression by rAAV gene therapy in a murine model of breast cancer bone metastasis, and to determine the synergistic effects of OPG gene therapy with bisphosphonate therapy in a murine model of breast cancer bone metastasis. So far, we produced high-titer recombinant AAV vectors encoding osteoprotegerin, and tested the feasibility of
MSC therapy for reducing osteolysis in bone initiated by cancer growth. Also we established a method for bone homing of ex vivo cultured MSC by transient expression of alpha 4-beta 1 integrin. Continuation of the ongoing studies in to next year will provide valuable information on therapeutic effects of this therapy for breast cancer bone metastasis.
DTIC
Bones; Breast; Cancer; Gene Therapy; Mammary Glands; Metastasis
20100015922 Jackson (Henry M.) Foundation, Rockville, MD USA
Children’s Hospice
Naulty, Cheryl M; May 2007; 651 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-C-0064
Report No.(s): AD-A517169; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517169
The goal of this program is to develop and recommend a model of care that enhances the quality of life for DOD children with life-threatening conditions and their families. Our strategy is to maximize current benefits and coordinate medical care with existing community resources and services, tailored to support the family’s specified needs and requirements. The first year of work focused on a feasibility study to gather data on the intent, interpretation and implementation of the benefit; status of service delivery; available resources through the Military Health System, contract providers, community and other government agencies; and to conduct an assessment of needs of families. A distinct research protocol was designed to use individual interviews and focus groups to determine family and provider needs. The benefits likely to be used by military
218
families and their children were analyzed. A data assessment collection tool has been designed to capture descriptors regarding community resources. The plan is to web enable the database in order to provide maximum availability and accessibility to the various potential users. An existing education curriculum for providers, Initiative for Pediatric Palliative Care, developed by the Education Development Center, was selected as one that best aligns with the CHI PACC(R) model.
DTIC
Children; Medical Services
20100015923 Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, San Luis, Mexico
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
Terrones, Mauricio; Aug 25, 2009; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-1-0205
Report No.(s): AD-A517182; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517182
We wrote a review article for Advanced Materials together with Dr. Hussain’s group about the toxicity evaluation for safe use of nanomaterials. This paper has been highlighted by the journal as of the of the most downloaded papers in two months
(see report). From the experimental standpoint, we synthesized different types of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), nitrogen-doped (CNx) MWNTs, phosphorus- and nitrogen-doped (CNxPy) MWNTs, ethanol -based
(carobonyl, carboxyl functionalized) CNT (COx-MWNTs) and B-doped (CBx) MWNTs. We also prepared and evaluated different suspensions for biological applications of CNTs. We found that H2S04, acetic acid, HNO3V/H2S04 mixtures and chloroform were suitable for suspending the different types of tubes. Ag nanopartides were chemically anchored on the surface of MWNTs. COxMWNTs and CNxMWNTs. Cellular function and immune response were evaluated to determine biocompatibility of the synthesized nanomaterials on the human keratinocyte cell line(HaCaT). Cellular assays revealed toxicity after 24h. However, full cellular recovery was observed at 48h. Therefore AG nanoparticles (if anchored to CNTs) have ability to interact with cells and preserve cellular function.
DTIC
Biocompatibility; Carbon; Carbon Nanotubes; Chloroform; Cytology; Doped Crystals; Toxicity
20100015928 Massachusetts Univ., Worcester, MA USA
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to Protein Kinase C
Carraway, Robert E; Dobner, Paul; Hassan, Sazzad; Jan 2010; 109 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0242
Report No.(s): AD-A517223; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517223
We investigated the mechanisms by which flavonoids (FLAV) alter neurotensin receptor (NTR) function in PC3 cells in order to shed light on the role of NT in the negative effects of fat intake on PC incidence and the positive effects of Asian diets.
We found that NTR is subject to heterologous regulation by PKC. Conventional PKCs appear to exert negative effects, whereas novel PKCs exert positive effects. Our results suggest that FLAV modulate NTR by a number of mechanisms, one of which could be to alter the balance between conventional and novel PKCs. Other potential mechanisms supported by experiments reported here involve receptor tyrosine kinases, lipoxygenases and cellular metabolism. We also show here that
NTR is localized to membrane caveolae, and that the agonist NT caused a decrease in the level of NTR in these signaling modules. Beta cyclodextrin, which disrupts caveolae by removing cholesterol from membranes, displaced NTR from caveolae and produced FLAV-like effects on NTR. Although FLAV did not displace NTR from caveolae, this suggested that FLAV might interact with membranes to induce similar conformational changes in NTR that alter its function. These findings have implications regarding mechanisms that regulate NTR function and the design of agents to block NT-induced growth signaling in PC.
DTIC
Cancer; Neurotransmitters; Prostate Gland; Proteins
20100015977 Texas Univ. Health Science Center, Houston, TX USA
Recruitment & Regulation of N-Wasp by F-Bar Family Member CIP4 in Invasive Breast Cancer Cells
Pichot, Christina S; Jul 1, 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0424
Report No.(s): AD-A517228; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The focus of this project is the contribution of the Cdc42-interacting protein CIP4 to the invasive phenotype of
219
MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. CIP4 is a member of the F-BAR family of proteins, which interact with or induce plasma membrane curvature through their amphipathic BAR domain. My lab has previously shown that CIP4 interacts with N-WASp, a Cdc42 effector and actin polymerization promoter, which is implicated in the formation of, specialized invasive structures known as invadopodia. Invadopodia are actin-rich protrusions that combine cytoskeletal reorganization with localized degradation of extracellular matrix substrates to mediate cellular invasion. In my preliminary research, I noticed increased
CIP4 expression in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines. My research investigates the role of CIP4 in promoting invasion and invadopodia in breast cancer cells in vitro through its interaction with N-WASp. The aims of the proposed work were 1) to determine the dynamics of CIP4 binding to N-WASp and their localization to the invadopodia, 2) to determine which domains of CIP4 are required for trafficking and activation of N-WASp, and 3) to examine the necessity of this interaction in the formation / function of invadopodia and cellular invasion.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Proteins
20100015978 Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA USA
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
Gewirtz, David A; Aug 2009; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0096
Report No.(s): AD-A517230; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
During the present funding cycle, we have used in vivo and in vitro approaches to determine whether the endogenous cannabinoid system can be targeted to treat breast cancer. Considerable effort was focused on developing a preclinical model to induce mammary tumors in mice. Oral treatment of the carcinogen, DMBA, led to steady rate of tumors appearance in the mammary region of all female control C57Bl/6 mice within approximately 40 weeks. In contrast, tumor development was substantially delayed in female mice lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the primary enzyme responsible for catabolism of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide. We have excised these tumor cells and have been growing them in culture. Once the cells are verified as adenocarcinoma (breast) through H&E staining, we will evaluate them in in-vitro assays of tumor proliferation and invasion, as well as implant them in C57BL/6 mice and genetically modified mice to increase throughput of the in vivo experiments. In other studies, we have begun examining the effects of cannabinoids on the proliferation and invasion of the following human breast cell lines: Mcf-7, Mcf-10a, and MDA-MB-231. Through these complementary in vivo and in vitro approaches, we will determine whether increasing endocannabinoid signaling has preventative, antiproliferative, or anti-invasion effects on breast cancer, as well as determine the mechanism of action.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Phenols; Targets
20100015979 Chicago Univ., Chicago, IL USA
Correlative Feature Analysis for Multimodality Breast CAD
Yuan, Yading; Sep 2009; 66 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0726
Report No.(s): AD-A517231; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of the study is to develop correlative feature analysis methods for integrating image information from multimodality breast images, taking advantage of the information from different views and/or different modalities, and thus improving the sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer diagnosis. Identifying the corresponding image pair of a lesion is an essential step for this purpose. During the past three years, we have built a multi-modality database which includes FFDM, breast US and DCE-MR images. We also developed computerized correlative feature analysis methods including automatic lesion segmentation, feature extraction and selection, feature correlation analysis and image pair classification in differentiating corresponding and non corresponding lesions across different mammographic views and/or different imaging modalities. The results show that the proposed correlative feature analysis is effective and robust for the discrimination between corresponding and non-corresponding lesion pairs.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Computer Aided Design; Mammary Glands
220
20100015985 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Brooks, Jennifer; Sep 2009; 41 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0723
Report No.(s): AD-A517255; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The promoter regions of some genes, in particular tumor suppressor genes, are frequently hypermethylated in cancer, but not normal cells. This methylation is thought to be an early event in carcinogenesis. Through necrosis and apoptosis, tumors release genomic DNA into the systemic circulation. Analysis of this DNA found in the serum/plasma of breast cancer cases, allows for the detection of promoter hypermethylation, with results showing good concordance with paired tumor tissue samples. We proposed to assess the potential of serum DNA hypermethylation markers as a tool for early detection of breast cancer. To date, no study has been conducted using serum collected prior to breast cancer diagnosis. Such a study can only be conducted using the resources of a large cohort with access to blood samples collected prospectively in healthy women, such as the NYU Women’s Health Study (NYUWHS).
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Diagnosis; Mammary Glands; Serums
20100015986 Tulane Univ., New Orleans, LA USA
LL-37 Recruits Immunosuppressive Regulatory T Cells to Ovarian Tumors
Betancourt, Aline B; Nov 2009; 42 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0318
Report No.(s): AD-A517256; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Histological examination of ovarian, breast, and lung tumors has shown that the pro-inflammatory peptide, LL-37, is abnormally elevated. LL-37 was originally identified as one of the host defense peptides that is released during infections to attack microorganisms. Recent studies established other functions for LLin immune responses, tissue injury and inflammation.
LL-37 is highly elevated at sites of inflammation and wound healing where it is a mitogen and proangiogenic factor. LL-37 also acts as a potent chemoattractant for various immune cells. In contrast to LL-37’s established functions in host defense and tissue damage, its role in the tumor microenvironment and the advantage given to tumor cells by its and its receptor’s expression is not entirely clear. Our studies indicate that LL-37’s functions are multifaceted in solid tumors, where evidence exists for its role as a mitogen, pro-angiogenic factor, and leukocyte chemoattractant. Specifically we were first to show that:
LL-37 levels are highly elevated in ovarian cancer when compared to normal ovarian tissue. LL-37 specifically affects the growth and spread of ovarian cancer cells. LL37 in the ovarian cancer tumors specifically recruits mesenchymal stem cells
(MSC). MSCs recruited to the cancer microenvironment promote tumor growth and spread.
DTIC
Cancer; Ovaries; Tumors
20100015987 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
Targeting siRNA Missiles to Her2+ Breast Cancer
Medina-Kauwe, Lali K; Jun 2009; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0549
Report No.(s): AD-A517257; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The most significant findings here are that HerPBK10 protects siRNA from serum nuclease-mediated degradation, T7 transcribed siRNA is more cytotoxic than synthetic siRNA when delivered to HER2+ breast cancer cells by HerPBK10 in vitro, HerPBK10 directs siRNA-mediated cytotoxicity to HER2+ but not HER2- cells in vitro, the HerPBK10 carrier preferentially accumulates in HER2+ tumors in vivo when delivered systemically (intravenously), and cytotoxicity is associated with siRNA-mediated induction of IFN-alpha.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Missiles
20100015988 Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR USA
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
James, Sandra J; Oct 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0703; AS073218P1
Report No.(s): AD-A517258; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We hypothesize that low systemic redox potential (GSH/GSSG; cysteine/cystine) reflects a vulnerability phenotype that
221
is associated with regressive autism and is predictive of the risk of developing autism. The redox vulnerability phenotype is associated with epigenetic alterations in primary immune cells that may be reversible with restoration of intracellular redox potential. The hypothesis predicts that children with regressive autism and high risk (developmentally-delayed) children who are subsequently diagnosed with autism will exhibit lower redox potential compared to age-matched unaffected control children. It also predicts that low redox potential from these children will be associated with epigenetic modifications in DNA methylation and histone acetylation/methylation that are reversible with treatment to restore redox potential. In Aim 1 we will determine whether redox potential in immune cells can be used as a biomarker for regressive autism and whether it is predictive of the subsequent diagnosis of autism. We will also evaluate immune redox potential from high risk developmentally delayed children to determine whether redox status is predictive of subsequent development of autism. In
Aim 2, we will determine whether immune cells from autistic children are associated with altered cytokine patterns, macrophage/T cell DNA methylation, and chromatin histone methylation compared to control children.
DTIC
Abnormalities; Biomarkers; Central Nervous System; Oxidation-Reduction Reactions; Phenotype; Vulnerability
20100015989 New Jersey Medical School, Piscataway, NJ USA
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
Stein, T P; Oct 2009; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0729
Report No.(s): AD-A517259; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The first year of the project has been used to obtain IRB approval from the UMDNJ-RWJMS IRB office. We obtained
IRB approval on December 7th, 2009. Our approved protocol and supporting documents have been submitted to the Human
Research Protection Office (HRPO) Office of Research Protections (ORP) of the DOD for review. We are also in the process of applying for a Certificate of Confidentiality from the NIH as per our IRB requirements. No Human Subjects Work will be done until we receive either a COC or a letter indicating we do not need one. Once we have approval from the Human
Research Protection Office (HRPO) Office of Research Protections (ORP) of the DOD we will continue work on Tasks 2 -3.
Work on Tasks 4 - 5 will not begin until subject recruitment and treatment has occurred.
DTIC
Disorders; Mental Health; Therapy
20100015990 Jackson (Henry M.) Foundation, Rockville, MD USA
Structure and Function of the Splice Variants of TMPRSS2-ERG, a Prevalent Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer
Srivastava, Shiv; Sep 2009; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0532
Report No.(s): AD-A517260; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Characterization of major TMPRSS2-ERG splice variants in prostate cancer specimens for the first time provides information on the full length protein coding sequences of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcripts which is urgently needed in developing more precise bio-marker and therapeutic strategies. Unexpected discovery on predominance of type II splice variants e.g., TMPRSS2-ERG8 and identification of novel splice variants: TMPRSS2-EPC1 and TMPRSS2-EPC2 represents the unique outcome of this grant effort focusing on unbiased evaluation of fusion transcripts in prostate cancer. Definition of the relative abundance of the TMPRSS2-ERG splice variants in prostate cancer provide novel information with respect to type
II TMPRSS2-ERG transcripts and prognostic value of measuring the ratio of type II and type I transcripts. These data suggest that over all biologic effects of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion may be a reflection of potential interaction of these splice variants.
DTIC
Cancer; Genome; Prostate Gland
20100015991 Louisiana Univ., Monroe, LA USA
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
Meyer, Sharon A; Sep 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0537
Report No.(s): AD-A517261; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of this research is to determine mechanisms through which hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine
(MNX), environmental degradation product of munition hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), causes anemia after acute exposure in the rat and examine whether similar effects were elicited by subchronic exposure. We have hypothesized
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MNX targets hematopoeitic stem cells and, like other myelosuppre-sive chemicals, will be fibrogenic to bone marrow. During this reporting period, results from subchronic exposure in which rats were treated orally with LD50 MNX daily for 4 or 6 weeks were: 1) significant increases in granulo-cytes and platelets, but not erythrocytes, at both times, 2) an increase in serum
K and decreases in Na, Cl, glucose, and creatinine levels in the absence of effect on body weight gain and serum albumin,
3) increased liver weights and 4) increased megakaryocytes in bone marrow, but not fibrosis as indicated by methenamine silver stain for reticulin fibers. Collectively, these results continue to support a bone marrow effect of MNX upon subchronic exposure that is consistent with impaired hematopoiesis and identify additional non-marrow targets. These results suggest that
MNX toxicity in the rat may resemble the prefibrotic phase of the myeloproliferative disorder, idiopathic myelofibrosis, and thus may offer a model for study of disease progression and intervention strategies.
DTIC
Degradation; Fibrosis; Hematology; Hematopoiesis; RDX; Toxicity
20100015992 Creighton Univ., Omaha, NE USA
Determination of Optimum Vitamin D Nutrition in Young Women
Gallagher, John; Oct 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0201
Report No.(s): AD-A517262; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The main objective of this proposal is to study the effect of increasing doses of vitamin D3 in a group of young women with hypovitaminosis D (serum 25OHD 20 ng/ml) and an adequate calcium intake of 1200 -1400mg/day. This is a double blind randomized placebo controlled study .There will be 5 treatment arms, four vitamin D3 dose groups (400, 800, 1600,
2400 IU/day, placebo). Calcium citrate tablets will be given to maintain the calcium intake between 1200-1400mg/d. The study will recruit up to 120 Caucasian and 120 African American women subjects, ages 25 to 45. The primary outcomes are changes in serum 25OHD and serum PTH. Secondary outcomes are calcium absorption, physical performance tests and safety measurements of serum calcium and 24 hour urine calcium. The first year of active recruitment started on April 1 2008 and the first subject was randomized to treatment on 04/28/2008. For year one, we had 49 subjects randomized to treatment (20
African Americans, 29 Caucasians). After the first recruitment year we continued to recruit and build a list of potential subjects to contact the next recruitment period. In the second year of recruitment we used these contacts as well as several other methods. Active recruitment for the second year started in January 2009 and to date (October 2009) we have randomized to treatment 168 subjects (49 African Americans, 119 Caucasians).
DTIC
Calciferol; Females; Nutrition
20100015993 Ultradiagnostics, Inc., Attleboro Falls, MA USA
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
Clement, Gregory T; Mar 2010; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0152
Report No.(s): AD-A517263; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Using ultrasound as a detection device in the body, including the brain, has been extensively investigated. Unfortunately, previous ultrasound-based methods in the brain have suffered from the severe distortion caused by the skull bone. However, we have recently developed a technique that allows ultrasound to propagate through the skull with significantly reduced distortion, using a shear mode technique. The current project will develop a device for non-invasive identification of the presence of foreign bodies inside the skull, and localization of such objects within the skull, will be lightweight, portable, durable, battery-operated, easy to use and appropriate for effective and practical battlefield use in forward areas. The finished device will operate in two modes: In the first mode it will function as a hand-held device, powered by AA batteries. In this mode it will provide a simple yes/no indication on the presence of foreign bodies as a function of location in the brain. In the second mode, the same device will also be capable of interfacing with laptop computer via USB interface. In this mode imaging and analysis software will form an image of regions in the brain, which can be interpreted by a medic or relayed to a remote medical professional for evaluation.
DTIC
Brain; Detectors; Imaging Techniques; Portable Equipment; Ultrasonics
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20100015994 Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL USA
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal Processing and Wireless Real Time Data Communication for Monitoring Blast
Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Watkin, Kenneth L; Iyer, Ravishankar; Karbalczyk, Zbigniew; Sanders, William; Patel, Janick; Dec 2009; 45 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0208
Report No.(s): AD-A517264; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Over the past two decades, the hardware industry has followed Moore?s law resulting in faster processors using smaller and more power efficient transistors. This shrinkage of size and increase in processing power has caused an explosion in the number of embedded systems for various applications with the most prominent among them being mobile phones. However, devices used in the medical field require significant processing capabilities because of the vast amount of data processing involved in acquiring physiological signals. It is only recently that it has become feasible to utilize this increased processing power for embedded and cyberphysical systems supporting biomedical applications. Cyberphysical systems differ from traditional embedded systems in the fact that there are a number of processing elements and sensors which coordinate amongst themselves to accomplish a task. In cyberphysical systems, the emphasis tends to be on the interaction between the computational and physical elements.
DTIC
Data Transmission; Electroencephalography; Exposure; Helmets; Personnel; Real Time Operation; Signal Processing;
Wireless Communication
20100015995 Nevada Univ., Reno, NV USA
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible
Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Evrensel, Cahit A; Welniak, Lisbeth; Fuchs, Alan; Gordaninejad, Faramarz; Aug 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0583
Report No.(s): AD-A517265; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
During the second year Magneto-rheological Fluid (MRF) iron nano-particles were synthesized using the reverse micelle technique and coated with poly(NIPAAm). The size distribution of the nano iron particles was characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The particle size was 730nm, and the Tg of the coating was characterized using DSC. The 80 wt.%
MRF based on phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and iron particles was characterized using the shear rheometer in the range of shear rates from 1Hz - 400Hz at room temperature. Shear stress and shear viscosity of MRF was found to increase with the applied magnetic flux density. According to the Bingham model, the yield stress of MRF can be found by extrapolating the shear stress curve at zero shear rate. The mathematical model developed during the first year was used to explore the dynamics behavior of iron particles injected into tumor and resulting force and stress applied on the neighboring tissue under magnetic field. The effect of particle size on these values is investigated. Results showed that stress on the neighboring tissue is increased linearly with the increasing particle size.
DTIC
Augmentation; Breast; Cancer; Ferrofluids; Immunity; Mammary Glands; Physiological Responses; Therapy
20100015997 California Univ., Davis, CA USA
Calpain-Dependent Proteolysis of the Androgen Receptor
Mudryj, Maria; Nov 2009; 76 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0016
Report No.(s): AD-A517269; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Previous analysis of the CWR22Rv1 relapsed androgen independent tumor line revealed that it expresses the full length androgen receptor (FL-AR) and an low molecular weight (LMW) that has a deletion of the C-terminal ligand binding domain
(LBD). Calpain proteolysis removes the LBD generating a constitutively active molecule. Our studies showed that the LMW
AR is present in some prostate tumors. Inhibition of calpain activity by calpain inhibitors in CWR22Rv1 cells prevents AR proteolysis. Calpain inhibition by calpepetin and the HIV protease inhibitors in the absence androgens promotes cell death in cell culture and animal xenograft studies. In Rv1 cells a 39aa insertional mutation of the AR sensitizes AR to calpain proteolysis, while in the related R1 cells the levels and activity of calpain are elevated. In R1 cells LMW AR expression is regulated by the ERK kinase. In studies that address the role of the LMW AR in transcription we found that two CWR22 derived cells lines have a very similar AR binding pattern. Surprisingly the gene expression profile of the two lines is very
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different and most importantly the cohort of androgen regulated genes is different in the two cell lines. This indicates that AR binding is not sufficient to drive androgen-dependent transcription, and that transcription is dependent on additional factors that are cell specific. An analysis of the LMW AR binding and gene regulation indicates that the LMW AR binds to a subset of sites that are bound by the FL-AR, indicating that the LMW-AR does not bind a distinct set of genes. Expression studies found that the LMW AR is not subject to regulation by Filamin A a AR co-repressor.
DTIC
Cancer; Hormones; Males; Prostate Gland
20100015999 Louisville Univ., KY USA
Exploration of the Use of Epigenetic Therapy to Enhance the Effectiveness of Taxol Treatment
Clark, Geoffrey J; Jun 2009; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0121
Report No.(s): AD-A517272; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The RASSF1A tumor suppressor is frequently inactivated by aberrant promoter methylation leading to transcriptional silencing in ovarian cancer. Our preliminary data implicated loss of expression of RASSF1A in the acquisition of resistance to Taxol in ovarian cancer. We have now shown that experimental inactivation of RASSF1A does indeed induce resistance to
Taxol mediated cell death, apoptosis and induction of tubulin polymerization. Furthermore, we have been able to reverse this effect by the use of a novel combination of drugs that inhibit DNA methylation to obtain a synergistic reactivation of
RASSF1A expression. This provides proof of principal for the use of epigenetic therapy to overcome Taxol resistance in ovarian cancer.
DTIC
Cancer; Ovaries; Therapy
20100016001 Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA USA
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer.
Addendum
Kufe, Donald W; Vasir, Baldev; Avigan, David; Jul 2009; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0487
Report No.(s): AD-A517274; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The overall objective of the project is to study the safety, immunologic response, and clinical effect of vaccination with dendritic cell (DC)/breast cancer fusions administered in conjunction with IL-12 in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
DC/breast carcinoma fusion cells present a broad array of tumor associated antigens in the context of DC-mediated co stimulation. Fusion cells stimulate tumor specific immunity with the capacity to lyse autologous tumor cells. In clinical studies, vaccination with fusion cells was well tolerated, induced immunologic responses in a majority of patients, and results in disease regression in subset of patients. We postulated that administration of the vaccine in conjunction with IL-12 would further enhance vaccine response by promoting T cell activation. In the first 3 years of the grant, we examined DC/breast carcinoma fusions with respect to their phenotypic characteristics as antigen presenting cells and their capacity to stimulate anti-tumor immunity. We demonstrated that DC/breast carcinoma fusions strongly express co stimulatory, adhesion, and maturation markers as well as the stimulatory cytokines, IL-12 and IFNgamma. In addition, fusion cells expressed CCR7 necessary for the migration of cells to sites of T cell traffic in the draining lymph nodes. In concert with these findings, fusions generated with immature and mature DCs potently stimulated CTL mediated lysis of autologous tumor targets.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Vaccines
20100016003 Texas Univ. Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX USA
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis: ER-coregulator-Src Targeted Therapy
Vadlamudi, Ratna K; Sep 1, 2009; 39 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0604
Report No.(s): AD-A517276; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The estrogen receptor (ER), is implicated in the progression of breast cancer. Endocrine therapy is shown to have a positive effect on the treatment of breast cancer. Despite the positive effects, initial or acquired resistance to endocrine therapies frequently occurs. Accumulating evidence suggests that ER-coregulators play an essential role in hormonal responsiveness and cancer progression to metastasis. In this study, we have generated model cells that have defects in
225
coregulator PELP1-Src signaling axis. Using these models, we demonstrated that ER-nongenotropic actions play an important role in cell motility/invasion. Our data suggest that PELP1 and Src kinase play an essential role in the activation of ER nongenomic signaling leading to cytoskeleton reorganization and migration. Pharmacological inhibition of Src kinase using dasatinib significantly inhibited E2-mediated nongenomic actions. These results suggest that the ER-Src-PELP1 axis is a novel target for preventing the emergence of metastatic cells and that dasatinib may have therapeutic utility in blocking ER-positive metastases.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Hormones; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Therapy
20100016005 Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA USA
Critical Roles of CD151-alpha6beta1 and CD151-alpha6beta4 Integrin Complexes in Human Ovarian Cancer
Yang, Xiuwei; Jul 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0120
Report No.(s): AD-A517279; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The oncogenic ErbB receptors, EGFR and ErbB2, are tightly coupled with the malignancy of human ovarian carcinomas.
The inhibitors that target these oncogenes, however, have received limited consideration in the treatment of this type of human cancer. To a large extent, this is due to the limited sensitivity or susceptibility of ovarian cancer cells to these therapeutic agents. Recently, it has been reported that laminin-binding (LB) integrins (alpha6beta1 and alpha6beta4) act in synergy with both EGFR and ErbB2 in human epithelia-origin cancer. This suggests that targeting LB integrins may potentially provide a novel avenue to enhance the efficacy of these ErbB inhibitors in treating human ovarian cancer. CD151, a newly discovered functional regulator of laminin-binding integrins, has also been implicated in the malignancy of several types of human cancer.
We have investigated the possibility that disrupting CD151-alpha6beta1 and CD151-alpha6beta4 molecular complexes would enhance the response of human ovarian cancer cells to ErbB receptor-based therapeutic inhibitors. This was achieved by disrupting CD151-dot6beta1 and CD151-alpha6beta4 complexes through the stable expression of CD151-specific RNA interference and evaluating the subsequent impact on malignant ovarian cancer cell behaviors, proliferation, and response to
ErbB inhibitors. Upon the disruption of CD151-LB integrin complexes, there was a marked decrease in cell invasion through matrigel for a number of human ovarian cancer cell lines. In certain ovarian cancer cell lines, CD151 ablation also led to a significant inhibition of the synergy between ErbB receptors and integrin complexes as well as an increase in the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to ErbB inhibitors. Surprisingly, CD151 ablation appeared to affect the morphology of some ovarian cancer cell lines, leading to the dramatic change from an epithelial-like to a mesenchymal-like phenotype.
DTIC
Cancer; Ovaries
20100016008 Yonsei Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode Hybrid Nanoparticle Probe
Cheon, Jinwoo; Apr 5, 2010; 23 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-08-1-4046
Report No.(s): AD-A517287; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Various kinds of pathogens and diseases are now threatening human lives, and their precise and accurate detection and imaging are important to prevent the diseases as well as to understand the biological phenomena. Here we reported a multi-mode nanoprobe system which simultaneously provided highly sensitive detection, imaging, and therapeutic functions in treating of pathogens or diseases. The multi-mode probe consisted of magnetic nanoparticle, targeting molecules, fluorescence tag, and radionuclide and each modality complemented each other to not only increase the detection sensitivity but also eventually to enable the false-free detection of pathogens and disease. Concurrently, the multi-mode nanoparticle also provided high therapeutic effect through combination with biological molecules (e.g. siRNA) or by using heat generation effect of magnetic component.
DTIC
Convergence; Detection; Nanoparticles; Pathogenesis; Pathogens; Target Acquisition
226
20100016009 Delaware Univ., Newark, DE USA
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
Rosen, Jeffrey B; Sep 2009; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0182
Report No.(s): AD-A517290; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of the grant is to test whether exogenous oxytocin acts as an antianxiety agent and whether social support to facilitate its antianxiety effects in a fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Oxytocin given systemically (0.1 ug/kg, subcutaneous) effectively reduced background or generalized anxiety, but not specific cue-potentiated fear. This was found when oxytocin was given either before fear conditioning (acquisition), immediately after fear conditioning (consolidation), or before retrieval/expression of conditioned fear-potentiated startle. Initial tests of social support (pair-housed vs. isolated rats) did not alter the antianxiety effect of oxytocin. Additional experiments testing the effects of intraventricular or amygdala infusion of oxytocin are inconclusive, but these experiments are still ongoing. The generalized antianxiety effect of peripherally administered oxytocin, but not a specific effect on conditioned fear, is novel and suggests that oxytocin may have unique antianxiety properties.
DTIC
Anxiety; Evoked Response (Psychophysiology); Fear; Inhibitors; Males; Rats
20100016013 Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
Mumps Parotitis and Ovarian Cancer: Modern Significance of an Historic Association
Cramer, Daniel W; Oct 2009; 27 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0292
Report No.(s): AD-A517301; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Epidemiologic studies found childhood mumps might protect against ovarian cancer. We investigated whether mumps might engender immunity against a tumor-like form of the glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) to explain this association. Through various health agencies, we obtained sera that had been saved from 161 individuals with mumps parotitis. Sera from 194 individuals without mumps were assembled from the health agencies, blood bank donors, or university volunteers. We used an ELISA to measure anti-MUC1 antibodies and electro-chemiluminescence assays to measure MUC1 and CA 125.
Log-transformed measurements were analyzed by t tests, generalized linear models, and Pearson or Spearman correlations. We also conducted a meta-analysis of published studies regarding mumps and ovarian cancer. From the meta-analysis, the pooled odds ratio estimate (and 95% CL) for the mumps and ovarian cancer association was 0.66 (0.47 to 0.91) (p = 0.01). Adjusting for assay batch, age, and sex, the level of anti-MUC1 antibodies was significantly higher in mumps cases compared to controls
(p =0.002). In a subset of cases with sufficient sera remaining, CA 125, but not MUC1, levels were higher in cases. Mumps parotitis may lead to immune recognition of a tumor-like form of MUC1 and create effective immunosurveillance of ovarian cancer cells that express this form of MUC1.
DTIC
Cancer; Epidemiology; Ovaries; Viruses
20100016014 University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Chen, Bin; Dec 2009; 93 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0148
Report No.(s): AD-A517302; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
An obstacle to successful cancer drug therapy is the existence of drug delivery barriers, which causes insufficient drug delivery to the tumor tissue. Because of the inadequate drug delivery, the drug dose has to be increased, which leads to normal tissue toxicity. This delivery problem not only limits the clinical application of existing chemotherapeutics, but also decreases the effectiveness of many new drugs under development for prostate cancer. We found that vascular targeting photodynamic therapy (PDT), a modality involving the combination of a photosensitizer and laser light, is able to disrupt tumor vascular barrier, a significant hindrance to drug delivery. Therefore, tumor accumulation of circulating molecules is significantly enhanced, which has been demonstrated by intravital fluorescence microscopy and whole-body fluorescence imaging techniques.
Immunofluorescence staining of endothelial cytoskeleton structure further indicates microtubule depolymerization, stress actin fiber formation and intercellular gap formation. Based on these results, we are using this laser-based therapy to enhance anticancer drug effectiveness. PDT is currently in worldwide multicenter clinical trials for the localized prostate cancer therapy. The available results indicate that PDT employing advanced laser fiber technology and
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sophisticated light dosimetry is able to treat localized prostate cancer in an effective and safe way. The combination of photosensitization with current chemotherapy or other new drug therapies will further improve its treatment for the localized prostate cancer patients that accounts for more than 90% of total prostate cancer population.
DTIC
Cancer; Cardiovascular System; Drugs; Lasers; Prostate Gland; Tumors
20100016017 California Univ., Davis, CA USA
Expression of Endogenous Suppressors of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer
Carraway, Kermit L; Sep 2009; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0640
Report No.(s): AD-A517318; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of this project is to identify and confirm negative regulator proteins that suppress ErbB2 expression in normal breast epithelial cells, but permit ErbB2 overexpression when dysregulated by tumor cells. The strategy is to use a very sensitive quantitative PCR method to assess transcript levels of candidate modulator genes in normal and tumor tissue from patient samples and mouse models. In the first year of this three year project, PCR primers were designed and initially characterized in terms of their abilities to specifically amplify target genes. In addition, screens of candidate ErbB2 negative regulator genes were initiated using human and mouse tissue samples. The preliminary data from FvB transgenic mice that overexpress ErbB2 in the mammary gland indicate that several genes are consistently upregulated or downregulated during the normal-to-tumor transition. These observations indicate that our overall strategy is likely to ultimately identify dysregulated ErbB modulators in human tumors, the focus of year two of the project.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Suppressors
20100016020 Army Medical Command, Fort Sam Houston, TX USA
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6 -- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
Nov 6, 2009; 86 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517326; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Mental Health Advisory Team 6 OEF was established by the Office of the U.S. Army Surgeon General at the request of the Commanding General, U.S. Forces Afghanistan (USFOR-A). The purpose of MHAT 6 OEF was to assess Service Member behavioral health, examine the delivery of behavioral health care in OEF, and provide recommendations for sustainment and improvement to command. From April 2009 to June 2009, OEF Service Members at the operational level completed the anonymous MHAT 6 OEF survey. In total, 638 surveys were collected from 27 maneuver unit platoons, 722 were collected from 25 support and sustainment platoons, 189 surveys were collected from other service members, and 31 surveys were collected from behavioral health personnel in the Afghanistan Theater of Operations. From 07 May to 24 June, the MHAT 6
OEF team processed and analyzed survey data, examined secondary data sources, conducted focus group interviews with
Soldiers and behavioral health personnel, and wrote the technical briefing and draft report. Trends where examined across the three years of MHATs conducted in OEF (2005, 2007, and 2009). Individual morale rates in OEF 2009 were similar to rates reported in 2005 and 2007. However, unit morale rates in OEF 2009 were significantly lower than in 2005 or 2007. Rates of psychological problems (any combination of acute stress, depression, or anxiety) in OEF 2009 were similar to OEF 2007 rates but were significantly higher than OEF 2005 rates. Junior enlisted Service Members reported significantly more marital problems (divorce intentions from either Service Member or spouse or infidelity concerns) than NCOs. Service Members in support and sustainment units reported significantly more marital problems than Service Members in maneuver units. Results also are reported for risk factors (combat exposures, deployment length, multiple deployments) and resilience factors (barriers to care, stigma, coping behaviors, and behavioral health training).
DTIC
Afghanistan; Armed Forces (United States); Combat; Logistics Management; Mental Health; Military Personnel; Morale;
Psychological Factors
20100016022 Meharry Medical Coll., Nashville, TN USA
Role of BRCA2 in the Expressions of IRF9-regulated Genes in Human Breast Cells
Chaudhuri, Gautam; Jul 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0446
Report No.(s): AD-A517338; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We hypothesize that BRCA2 facilitates the formation and/or the function of the ternary ISGF3 complex and thus,
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functional BRCA2 protein is essential for the antiproliferative effects of type I interferons against human breast tumor cells.
Specific aims: (A) To evaluate further the structural and functional interactions of BRCA2 with the members of the ISGF3 complex (STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9) in the human breast cells. (B) To evaluate the antiproliferative effects of BRCA2 over expression in the human breast cells with or without knock down of the IRF9 protein by RNA interference. (C) To evaluate the antiproliferative effects of type I interferons against tumors developed by BRCA2 positive and BRCA2 negative human breast tumor cells in the nude mice xenograft model.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Genes; Mammary Glands
20100016023 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and Differentiation in Fracture Repair
Goldstein, Steven A; Hankenson, Kurt; Kilbourn, Michael; Nov 2008; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0107
Report No.(s): AD-A517339; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The goal of this program is to investigate the influence of controlled mechanical stimulation on the behavior of progenitor cells in an effort to develop strategies to significantly enhance the rate and quality of fracture repair in long bone. Progress in the program has been excellent. The results to date demonstrate the application of load increases the callus volume, bone mineral density and biomechanical properties. More importantly, the data demonstrates a substantial independence on the time of load application. Load stimulation can positively influence fracture repair when applied at 10 or 24 days after fracture, while early application (during granulation tissue formation) may be detrimental to tissue regeneration. We also demonstrated that introduced progenator cells play an indirect role on the repair and identified a variety of factors that may be associated with repair cell recruitment. The results are beginning to support new strategies for enhancing fracture repair
DTIC
Bones; Cells (Biology); Fractures (Materials); Fracturing; Maintenance; Migration; Regeneration (Physiology)
20100016025 Pittsburgh Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
Lagasse, Eric; Oct 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0194
Report No.(s): AD-A517343; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Current therapies in ovarian cancer are limited by the emergence of therapy-resistant cancer cells, also called cancer stem cells, which are often followed by metastatic cancer. As a result, metastatic ovarian cancer remains an incurable disease by current treatment strategies. In our proposal, entitled Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells and Bioreactors we have looked for cancer stem cells presence in late stage ovarian cancers, when malignant ascites are building up in patients, a recognized poor prognostic indicator of survival. Our results show that an heterogeneous population of tumor cells is present in patients ascites.
No clear phenotypes from patients to patients cancer stem cells could be identified, although the presence of CD133 positive tumor initiating cells were found in at least one of the four patients studied. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of using bioreactors for the growth and survival of tumor cells. Our vision of being able to perform chemo-sensitivity tests in these bioreactors, in order to guide customized chemotherapeutic drug selection on a patient’s own tumor cells, is now possible with these preliminary results.
DTIC
Biochemistry; Bioreactors; Cancer; Ovaries; Stem Cells
20100016026 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor Aggressiveness Assessment
Gayen, S K; Koutcher, J A; Alfano, R R; Lin, F B; Jul 2009; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0454
Report No.(s): AD-A517344; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The tasks performed and the progresses made during the second year include: (a) pursuing planned training objectives of the CCNY researchers through laboratory rotations at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC); and (b) conducting research on development of non-invasive optical imaging and spectroscopic approaches for breast tumor detection.
The CCNY researchers received training on (i) small animal handling; (ii) Cell culture, bioluminescence assay and imaging;
(iii) Western Blotting and Flow Cytometry; (iv) small animal imaging techniques; and (v) magnetic resonance imaging and
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spectroscopy. They also attended group meetings and seminars to develop sound background in the biological and clinical aspects of cancer research. The research component involved development of numerical algorithms based on time reversal matrix method and principal component analysis, and using those along with a method based on independent component analysis for locating tumors in a model cancerous breast assembled using ex vivo breast tissue specimens, and targets in breast simulating model media.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Human Behavior; Mammary Glands; Medical Science; Personality; Photonics; Tomography; Tumors
20100016027 Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
DRF as a Cholesterol Dependent Regulator of Src in Prostate Cancer
Freeman, Michael R; Oct 2009; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0197
Report No.(s): AD-A517345; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This project focuses on the novel finding from our group that the diaphanous-related formin protein DRF3 is a signaling molecule positioned downstream from the EGF receptor that intersects with the sine kinase Src in prostate cancer cells.
Formins are effectors of small Rho-family GTPases like and provide a direct link between activated membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton. They also regulated by a large number of other activators including Src homology 3 (SH3)-containing adaptor proteins and Src family kinases, and can therefore serve as signal integrating platforms inside cell. Evidence was presented in the original proposal that the EGFRDrf3 Src signaling circuit appears to traverse cholesterol-rich lipid raft membranes in prostate cancer cells. Lipid rafts are choleterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane microdomains that serve as signal transduction platforms sequestering and excluding signaling proteins and by harboring pre-formed multiprotein complexes. have hypothesized in this project, and in our published work in this area, that cholesterol accumulation in prostate cancer cells may promote oncogenesis by altering the nature of--and/or the of--signals that flow through lipid raft microdomains. Several new lines of evidence consistent this hypothesis have been produced in year 2 and are described and summarized in this report.
DTIC
Cancer; Cholesterol; Prostate Gland; Regulators; Tumors
20100016028 Health Research, Inc., Menands, NY USA
PCBs Alter Dopamine Mediated Function in Aging Workers
Seegal, Richard F; Jan 2010; 39 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0173
Report No.(s): AD-A517349; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The major hypothesis is that prior occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results in decrements in the number of dopamine (DA) terminals in the basal ganglia determined by Beta-CIT SPECT imaging. Data collection is complete
(a comprehensive questionnaire, examinations and SPECT imaging). PCBs and thyroid hormones have been measured in serum and bone lead has been determined. Results, obtained using -CIT SPECT imaging, demonstrate a significant negative relationship between current serum PCB concentrations and decreases in the density of -CIT binding only in women. Serum
PCB concentrations have decreased 10-fold from peak values during occupational PCB use but remain elevated (two-fold) compared to a similar-aged non-occupationally exposed population. Estimating PCB half lives using analysis of both current and archived serum samples revealed significantly longer half lives for PCB congeners of occupational origin in women compared to men. Data analysis and manuscript preparation continues for neurological and neuropsychological endpoints.
DTIC
Dopamine; Personnel; Polychlorinated Biphenyls
20100016029 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
Upregulating Apoptotic Signaling in Neurofibromatosis
Changyan, Chen; Sep 2009; 37 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0398
Report No.(s): AD-A517351; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The NF1 that is highly expressed in developing neural cells and loss-of-function mutations in NF1 gene results in deregulation of Ras signaling which contributes to cancer development. We reported that hyperactive Ras could induce apoptosis after inhibiting PKC which was not harmful to normal, cells. To define the role of PKC isoforms, we identified the
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sequences of shRNAs targeting each PKC isoform. With the aid of PKC inhibitor and shRNAs, we successfully define that the concurrent suppression of PKC alpha/bete lethally interacts with hyperactive Ras in NF1 deficient cells. We also cloned and inserted NF1 effector domain gene into an expression vector tagged with flag and introduced it into NF1 deficient cells that became less sensitive to loss of PKC. Various Ras loop mutant genes were introduced into NF1 deficient cells.
Subsequently, the experiments using the mutants and inhibitors demonstrate the involvement of PI3K/Akt and JNK, as Ras downstream effectors, in transmitting the apoptotic signaling. The data that generated through the funding period reached the aims proposed in this grant application and indicate the feasibility of our hypothesis. Now, the completion of the project gives a comprehensive understanding of the synthetic lethal interaction between aberrant Ras in NF1 deficient cells and loss of PKC.
However, to elucidate the mechanisms of this synthetic lethality requests further and thorough investigation.
DTIC
Apoptosis; Genes; Nervous System
20100016030 Tulane Univ., New Orleans, LA USA
RNA Interference Library Approach to Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
Burow, Matthew E; Jul 2008; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0476
Report No.(s): AD-A517354; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Screens using RNAi have identified genes required for specific cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation and tumorigenesis. Stable expression of a vector based short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) library allows one to screen human genes for their individual roles in specific biologic processes. Specifically we will use an shRNA library screen to identify known and novel metastasis suppressor genes in ovarian carcinoma. Our model will identify both metastasis suppressor genes as well as genes involved in suppression of intraperitoneal attachment and tumor growth. Using this approach we generated several ovarian cancer cell sub clones that exhibited metastatic intraperitoneal tumorigenesis a compared to vector or untransfected cell lines. These lines exhibited in vito selectable marker resistance and rederived intraperitoneal tumorigenesis in second pass validation studies.
DTIC
Cancer; Identifying; Libraries; Metastasis; Ovaries; Ribonucleic Acids
20100016033 Seattle Univ., WA USA
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from Women with BRCA1 Mutations
Krumm, Anton; Oct 8, 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0636
Report No.(s): AD-A517362; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Increasing evidence suggests that many types of ovarian cancers originate within the fallopian tube. The scope of this
Translational Partnership project is to define a unique premalignant gene expression profile and to identify causal epigenetic relationships. As outlined in the statement of work, our analyses have identified a premalignant expression signature which potentially reflects early steps in ovarian carcinogenesis. While genes differentially expressed in BRCA1 normal Fallopian
Tube epithelia and BRCA1 ovarian carcinoma were investigated in the Swisher lab, we have further established the proof-of-principle that demonstrates the role of DNA methylation of CTCF binding sites in cancer tissues. We gathered evidence that genes that are part of the premalignant signature are differentially methylated in ovarian cancer cell lines. We have begun to isolate and pool samples by laser-capture microscopy. In the coming year, we will perform extensive mapping of DNA methylation to precisely determine epigenetic changes that affect the normal expression of genes in ovarian cancer.
DTIC
Cancer; Epithelium; Females; Genes; Genetics; Mutations; Ovaries
20100016034 Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising PSA and Their Spouses: Treatment Decision Making and Quality of Life
Diefenbach, Michael A; Dec 31, 2009; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0194; GCO-05-0233
Report No.(s): AD-A517365; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Advances in the treatment of prostate cancer have produced excellent 5-year survival chances. Despite this success, a growing number of patients experience a rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after treatment. Even if widespread disease is not found, a rising PSA is a sign that prostate cancer might have recurred. From a psychological point of view,
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patients and their spouses/partners are forced to deal with a disease they believed they have overcome. For a second time they face a health decision with few treatment guidelines, the potential for substantial side-effects, and uncertain outcomes, including the possibility of death. This study involves patients and their spouses/partners who are attending two medical institutions: the Deane Prostate Health and Research Center in the Department of Urology at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York
City, and the Department of Medical Oncology at Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA. Patients will have been diagnosed with rising PSA but have no clinical evidence of cancer. Eligible patients and their spouse/partners who have agreed to participate (n=191) will take part in a 6-month-long assessment study. During this time, they will be interviewed via questionnaires three times: at the beginning (baseline), at 6-months, and when they have made a treatment decision. Our research focus and the measures used for data collection are guided by our cognitive-social health information processing
(C-SHIP) theoretical framework. This framework incorporates individuals’ experiences, expectations, beliefs, values, and emotional responses to a health threat, and sees these components as influential factors in treatment decision making. Both the patient and the spouse/partner will be assessed. Due to the limited patient enrollment, no significant findings can be reported at this time. We plan to keep the study open as an unfunded project at both institutions to accrue more participants.
DTIC
Cancer; Decision Making; Emotions; Patients; Prostate Gland
20100016036 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
Sargent, Jr, John F; Mar 12, 2010; 16 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517372; CRS-RL34511; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Nanoscale science, engineering, and technology -- commonly referred to collectively as nanotechnology -- is believed by many to offer extraordinary economic and societal benefits. Congress has demonstrated continuing support for nanotechnology and has directed its attention primarily to three topics that may affect the realization of this hoped for potential: federal research and development (R&D) in nanotechnology; U.S. competitiveness; and environmental, health, and safety (EHS) concerns.
This report provides an overview of these topics and two others: nanomanufacturing and public understanding of and attitudes toward nanotechnology. Some research has raised concerns about the safety of nanoscale materials. There is general agreement that more information on EHS implications is needed to protect the public and the environment; to assess and manage risks; and to create a regulatory environment that fosters prudent investment in nanotechnology-related innovation.
Nanomanufacturing -- the bridge between nanoscience and nanotechnology products -- may require the development of new technologies, tools, instruments, measurement science, and standards to enable safe, effective, and affordable commercialscale production of nanotechnology products. Public understanding and attitudes may also affect the environment for R&D, regulation, and market acceptance of products incorporating nanotechnology. In 2003, Congress enacted the 21st Century
Nanotechnology Research and Development Act providing a legislative foundation for some of the activities of the NNI, addressing concerns, establishing programs, assigning agency responsibilities, and setting authorization levels. Both the House of Representatives and the Senate remain actively engaged in the NNI. Legislation has been introduced in the House (H.R.
554) and Senate (S. 1482) that would amend the act. The House passed H.R. 554 on February 11, 2009. The Senate has not acted on this legislation.
DTIC
Environment Protection; Nanotechnology; Policies; Public Health; Risk; Safety; United States
20100016042 Xavier Univ. of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA USA
Developing Breast Cancer Program at Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in
Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Wiese, Thomas E; May 2008; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0557
Report No.(s): AD-A517385; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Xavier University (XU) and the Tulane Cancer Center (TCC) will build a core of human talent that will address scientific problems such as drug resistance and the effect of environmental agents on breast cancer (BC) in the African-American community. A multi-part research and training program will generate data, develop new research programs and train new faculty and African-American students in BC research. The first component will fund two research projects. The Wang and
Burow project will elucidate a previously unexplored cellular signaling mechanism that leads to drug resistance in breast carcinoma cells derived from African American women and women of other ethnicities. The Wiese and Hill project will identify and characterize the genes and gene products associated with BC cell proliferation induced by exposure to pesticide mixtures and is relevant to the African American community in Southern States where pesticide exposure is relatively high.
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The second part of the program aims to increase the number of faculty at XU involved in BC research by supporting two junior faculty members to develop BC research projects with a TCC mentor. The third objective will support research training of XU undergraduates and pharmacy students. The fourth objective will provide workshops, seminars and research opportunities in
BC research for the XU community. This program will enhance the understanding of unique aspects of BC development and progression among African American women and will contribute to the elimination of the ?mortality gap? between African-
American BC patients and women of other ethnicities.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Genome; Mammary Glands; Proteome
20100016043 University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada
Integration of Diagnostic and Interventional MRI for the Study of Persistent Prostate Cancer after External Beam
Radiotherapy
Menard, Cynthia; Oct 2009; 63 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0570
Report No.(s): AD-A517390; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study involved the technical development and clinical testing of a novel technique for magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) guided prostate biopsy in a 1.5T horizontal bore scanner using a dedicated interventional table. We primarily hypothesize that the integration of diagnostic and interventional MRI enables needle biopsy targeting to foci of tumor recurrence after radiotherapy, and will enable a determination of the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in mapping sub-sites of tumor recurrence after radiotherapy.
DTIC
Cancer; Prostate Gland; Radiation Therapy
20100016044 Medical Coll. of Georgia, Augusta, GA USA
Combinations of Novel Histone Deacetylase and Bcr-Abl Inhibitors in the Therapy of Imatinib Mesylate-Sensitive and
-Refractory Bcr-Abl Expressing Leukemia
Bhalla, Kapil; Dec 2008; 107 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0211
Report No.(s): AD-A517391; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Overall, our findings demonstrate that the novel Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors nilotinib or the dual Bcr-Abl/Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib synergistically interact with pan-HDAC inhibitors vorinostat or panobinostat to deplete Bcr-Abl and inhibit its downstream signaling through STAT5 and AKT. This is associated with growth arrest and apoptosis of CML cells.
Significantly, our findings also demonstrate that treatment with the pan-HDAC inhibitor vorinostat or panobinostat depletes the levels of unmutated and mutant forms of Bcr-Abl, as well as induces growth arrest and apoptosis of CML cells with unmutated and mutant forms of Bcr-Abl. Additionally, our findings indicate that combined treatment with vorinostat or panobinostat with nilotinib, dasatinib or MK-0457 exerts synergistic anti-Bcr-Abl activity against imatinib-sensitive and resistant CML cells. Collectively, these findings support the rationale to test the in vivo efficacy of the combination of vorinostat or panobinostat with nilotinib, dasatinib or MK-0457 against imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant CML.
DTIC
Inhibitors; Leukemias; Sensitivity; Therapy
20100016052 Yale Univ., New Haven, CT USA
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
Etchin, Julia; Oct 2009; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0782
Report No.(s): AD-A517429; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In eukaryotes, homologous recombination and the homology-directed repair of DNA double-strand breaks are mediated by the RAD51 recombinase. In catalyzing recombination reactions, RAD51 must first form a right-handed helical filament, termed the presynaptic filament, on single-stranded DNA. Emerging evidence indicates that BRCA2 acts a recombination mediator by promoting the assembly of the RAD51 presynaptic filament. BRCA2 binds DNA and associates with RAD51. Our laboratory has established biochemical systems to examine the recombination mediator function of BRCA2. The main focus of my fellowship project is to define the role of DNA binding in this BRCA2 function. The BRCA2 DNA-binding domain
(DBD) represents a highly conserved region within BRCA2-like molecules and harbors a significant portion of tumor-derived
233
missense mutations, underscoring the importance of addressing the functional significance of this BRCA2 domain.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Genes; Mammary Glands; Mutations; Tumors
20100016053 Ordway Research Inst., Albany, NY USA
Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate
Cancer
Buttyan, Ralph; Nov 2009; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0061
Report No.(s): AD-A517433; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Protocadherin-PC (PCDH-PC or PCDH11Y) is a human-, male-specific gene product that is upregulated in prostate cancer cells by androgen deprivation therapy. Silencing of this gene product with PCDH-PC-specific siRNA drastically induced the death of prostate cancer cells cultured in the absence of androgens and we have proposed that PCDH-PC expression knockout by shRNAs or antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) might be useful in preventing the development of castration-recurrent prostate cancer in prostate cancer patients. To this end, we have created functional shRNA vectors and
ASOs capable of suppressing PCDH-PC expression and we have also created a monoclonal antibody that allows us to detect
PCDH-PC protein in cell extracts or tissues. The antibody preferentially recognizes prostate cancer cells in human prostate specimens. Knockdown of PCDH-PC expression by the shRNA vectors is more efficient than with siRNA and is apparently sufficient to kill prostate cancer cells even under conditions where androgen is available and this further supports the idea that
PCDH-PC contributes to the biological properties and survival of prostate cancer cells.
DTIC
Antibodies; Cancer; Hormones; Prostate Gland
20100016054 Tulane Univ., New Orleans, LA USA
The SDF1-CXCR4 Axis Functions through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Vanhoy, Lyndsay; Sep 2008; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0694
Report No.(s): AD-A517434; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The primary long-term objective of this research is to understand how chemokine signaling through MAPK influences progression of breast carcinoma cells to a hormone-independent, endocrine therapy resistant and metastatic phenotype. Our preliminary evidence demonstrates that over expression of CXCR4 in breast carcinoma cells leads to a hormone independent phenotype in vivo. It was also determined by our lab that human mesenchymal stem cells in contact with breast cancer cells
(MCF7 cell line) could induce proliferation and lead to hormone independent tumors in vivo. Upon analysis of these tumors by real-time PCR, it was found that the MSC containing tumors had increased gene transcription of progesterone receptor as well as SDF-1 indicating ER crosstalk. Future studies are planned to look more closely at the mechanisms involved in this
MSC-tumor cell interaction, specifically identifying a role for SDF-1. We propose SDF-1 is the primary factor involved, either being secreted by the MSCs or the MSCs are stimulating its production in the carcinoma cells themselves. Future plans involve using MSCs as source for SDF-1 to test previously outlined objectives.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metastasis
20100016069 Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-Associated Ovarian Cancer
Belinsky, Martin G; Oct 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0303
Report No.(s): AD-A517456; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Menopause is defined as a permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from depletion of germs cells and loss of ovarian follicular activity. Menopausal ovaries undergo morphological changes that are likely related to the increased risk of ovarian cancer in the peri- and post-menopausal periods. The germ cell-deficient Wv mice recapitulate these post-menopausal alterations in ovarian morphology and develop tubular adenomas. Genetic deletion of cyclooxygenase 1 (Cox-1) in the Wv/Wv background reduced the tumor lesions nearly 3-fold in 4 month mice. Moreover, Cox-1 deletion appeared to delay maturation of small preantral follicles, thus delay follicle depletion and subsequently delay the tumor development. Pharmacological inhibitors of Cox- 1 also rescued the tumor phenotype and preserved primary follicles in aged mice. These findings suggest
234
that Cox-1 activity may contribute to preneoplastic morphological changes of the ovarian surface epithelium, which can potentially be prevented by pharmacological inhibitors of Cox-1. Moreover, the observations indicate that depletion of follicles may underlie the etiological factors that influence ovarian cancer risk.
DTIC
Cancer; Depletion; Etiology; Inhibitors; Ovaries
20100016080 Illinois Univ., Chicago, IL USA
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and Diet)
Wallace, Katrine L; Furner, Sylvia E; Freeman,, Vincent L; Dec 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0180
Report No.(s): AD-A517497; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Prostate cancer has a huge and growing burden of disease, yet its natural history has not been fully elucidated. Further, it is unknown why African American men have the highest incidence rates in the world. The overall goals of the ProCEED pilot study are as follows: (1) to advance understanding of the IGF axis and its interplay with race/genetics and dietary/lifestyle risk factors for prostate cancer, (2) to elucidate modifiable risk factors that interact with genetics and possibly lead to a greater incidence of prostate cancer among African Americans, and (3) to disseminate learned information in an effort to prevent disease. It is hypothesized that racial differences in prostate cancer risk are attributed, in part, to interactions between lifestyle factors and the IGF axis. This study attempts to elucidate dietary and lifestyle risk factors which may operate/interact uniquely in African Americans. If there are lifestyle risk factors for prostate cancer that can be modified, this would be valuable information for primary and perhaps secondary prevention of prostate cancer. The fourth year of the grant was dedicated to the completion of subject enrollment and the beginning of the data analysis phase of the project. At the end of the enrollment period there were 87 subjects enrolled into the study (57 prostate cancer cases and 30 controls). A no-cost extension has been requested to process the lab samples and finish the study in 2010. Data management activities, dietary data analysis, laboratory sample processing, and study data entry are currently underway. No final results from this study are yet available.
DTIC
Africa; Cancer; Diets; Epidemiology; Genetics; Males; Physical Exercise; Prostate Gland; Risk
20100016083 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD) Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
Christoforides, Claudine; Sep 2009; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0697
Report No.(s): AD-A517509; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The goal of my project as outlined in the original application is to analyze the role of Protein Kinase D (PKD) in breast cancer cell motility, the phenotype critical for metastasis. The work I have conducted includes the demonstration that loss of
PKD in a number of highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines results in a migration defect. I have also discovered a potential isoform specificity of PKD in the control of breast cancer cell motility.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Locomotion; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Migration; Proteins
20100016085 State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, NY USA
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
Smith-Slep, Amy M; Heyman, Richard E; Apr 2009; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0328
Report No.(s): AD-A517516; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study seeks to derive and validate an innovative public health surveillance system. Years of pilot work with the AF found that it is possible to derive accurate complex statistical estimation algorithms from data sets containing both nonsensitive information and assessments of secretive problems. These algorithms can then be applied to data sets that do not directly assess secretive problems to accurately estimate problem prevalences. In other words, a single survey administration and the algorithms can obviate the need for future secretive behavior surveys, making this a cost effective and sustainable planning tool. Further, the data set to be used for algorithm derivation will also be ideal to test a series of specific hypotheses
235
about individual, family, workplace, and community risk and protective factors for each of the secretive problems.
DTIC
Prevention; Public Health; Risk; Surveillance
20100016088 North Carolina Univ., Chapel Hill, NC USA
The Role of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) In Uncontrolled Alcohol Drinking and Relapse Behavior Resulting From Exposure to Stressful Events
Thiele, Todd E; Nov 2009; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0158
Report No.(s): AD-A517525; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
There is high comorbidity between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence, indicating that exposure to stressful events increases the risk of alcoholism. Thus, identifying pharmacological targets with potential therapeutic value in treating PTSD-associated alcoholism is critical. An interesting candidate is neuropeptide Y (NPY). Recent evidence suggests that low NPY levels promote high alcohol consumption, and it has been established the NPY protects against stress and anxiety. The overall goal of this grant is to determine the role of NPY (and related neuropeptides) in modulating stress-induced increases of alcohol consumption using mouse models. The specific projects for the current funding year determined if A) overexpression of brain NPY with a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector is protective against increased alcohol consumption, and B) if mutant mice lacking normal production of NPY show enhanced sensitivity to stress-induced increases of ethanol consumption. Results indicate that overexpression of brain NPY protects against high alcohol drinking in mice, and that a lack of NPY in mutant mice increases sensitivity to stress-induced alcohol self-administration. Together, the current findings provide evidence that NPY signaling protects against the effects of stress on excessive alcohol self-administration. Thus, NPY may have therapeutic value in treating alcoholism triggered by PTSD.
DTIC
Alcohols; Drinking; Exposure; Peptides
20100016089 Columbia Univ., New York, NY USA
Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies for Obesity-Associated Coronary Artery Disease, an Imminent
Military Epidemic
Tabas, Ira; Dec 2009; 128 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0212
Report No.(s): AD-A517526; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
There is an epidemic of obesity in the military. Obesity leads to type 2 diabetes, the most dangerous consequence of which is atherothrombotic vascular disease. Over the 4-year grant period, we have made major progress on the Key Tasks. We have gained more in-depth understanding on how CaMKII, NADPH oxidase, and IP3Rs - all AngII targets - trigger apoptosis in
ERstressed macrophages. Moreover, we have made new discoveries related to the AngII receptor adaptor, beta-arrestin. Our work with PPARs provided new insight into how these drugs for obese diabetics affect advanced plaque progression. The mechanism of obesity-associated adipokines was advanced by showing that LPS, as a model of adiponectin-LPS complex, can suppress a pro-apoptotic branch of the UPR in vivo by the exact same mechanisms elucidated in vitro. Importantly, we have completed the first comprehensive study of adiponectin effects on atherosclerosis in mice and found that adiponectin by itself does not suppress atherogenesis. Moreover, we found that another obesity-associated adipokine - eNampt - may promote macrophage-associated disease processes in obese subjects. Finally, we have continued our studies on how a specific molecular event that could promote plaque necrosis and likely occurs in obesity - cleavage of the efferocytosis receptor Mertk
- occurs in advanced human plaques. In summary, we have made substantial progress in understanding how obesity leads to accelerated heart disease at a molecular-cellular level. Future work spurred by these discoveries is likely to suggest novel therapeutic targets to prevent obesity-associated vascular disease in military personnel and in the general public.
DTIC
Cardiovascular System; Coronary Artery Disease; Heart Diseases; Obesity
20100016090 Palo Alto Inst. for Research and Education, Inc., Palo Alto, CA USA
Interchromosomal Associations that Alter NF1 Gene Expression Can Modify Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis 1
Hoffman, Andrew R; Sep 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0695
Report No.(s): AD-A517528; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have described a new form of epistasis in which direct, long range, physical interactions between genes, or gene-gene
236
interactions mediated by specialized DNA binding proteins such as CTCF, lead to modification of phenotypic read-out. Using the associated chromatin trap (ACT) and chromosome conformation capture (3C) assays which are designed to assess physical propinquity, we investigated long range interactions of the human NF1 gene that are mediated by CTCF in normal cultured cells and in cells derived from patients with neurofibromatosis. Among the genes that were physically associated with NF1
(which is on chromosome 17) was ARF4 (ADP-ribosylation factor 4, a member of the RAS superfamily involved in membrane traffic, signal transduction and organelle integrity on chromosome 3p14.3. The relative expression of ARF4 was increased in cells and tissues from patients with neurofibromatosis compared to normal cells, suggesting that the interchromosomal interactions of NF1 regulate gene expression on chromosome 3p14.3.4. Data obtained this year suggests that ARF4 might play a role in neurofibromatosis 1 tumorigenesis. The search for novel remote gene interactions with NF1 promises to open up totally new ranges of therapeutic targets.
DTIC
Fibrosis; Gene Expression; Genes
20100016096 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine Phosphorylation
Xiao, Liqing; Jul 2009; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0464
Report No.(s): AD-A517549; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell LNCaP undergoes apoptosis in response to PMA treatment, a process primarily mediated by one of the PKC isoforms PKCdelta. Tyrosine phosphorylation, as a unique property and regulatory mechanism of PKCdelta, has been studied over years but never in prostate cancer cells. In this report we identified PKCdelta became Tyr phsophorylated at site Ty311 in response to PMA stimulation. But mutation of Tyr 311 affect neither PKCdelta translocation, nor the apoptotic effect of PMA. By using adenovirus infection approach, we found that the other five sites,
Tyr52, Tyr64, Tyr155, Tyr187 and Tyr565 are not relevant to the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. We eventually developed methods to analyze the signaling events controlled by Tyr phosphorylation. Etoposide, an anti-cancer agent whose effect is dependent on PKCdelta, does not induce Tyr phosphorylation of PKCdelta in LNCaP cells, indicating different drug effects might rely on different mechanisms. In summary, in this study we found the Tyr sites we examined so far are irrelevant to the apoptotic effect of PMA in LNCaP cells. However, more study will be needed to make a final conclusion on the role of PKCdelta Tyr phosphorylation in the apoptosis induced by PMA.
DTIC
Apoptosis; Cancer; Phosphorylation; Prostate Gland; Proteins; Tyrosine
20100016097 Oregon Health Sciences Univ., Portland, OR USA
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Janowsky, Jeri S; Jan 2009; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0601; PC073093
Report No.(s): AD-A517550; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Androgen deprivation is associated with an increased risk for neurodegeneration in both animal models and humans.
Therefore the overall objective of this research program is to understand whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) decreases the quality of survival by amplifying age-related cognitive decline and increasing the risk for neurodegenerative disease. We focus in this report on findings of brain white matter degeneration using diffusion tensor imaging. We found that men on ADT or had ever used ADT had reduced prefrontal white matter integrity as compared to healthy elderly. In addition, white matter integrity in men on ADT was not related to age whereas it declined with increasing age in healthy men as well as in men with prostate cancer who are not on ADT. The findings were specific; prefrontal white matter was affected by ADT treatment but not anterior or posterior callosum. The diffusivity data suggests the changes are due to axon drop out not loss of myelin as there were no treatment effects on transverse diffusivity. We hypothesize that ADT may accelerate cortical brain aging, followed by relative stability in white matter integrity thereafter.
DTIC
Cancer; Deprivation; Diffusion; Hormones; Imaging Techniques; Males; Markers; Prostate Gland; Risk; Tensors; Therapy
237
20100016105 Medicine and Dentistry Univ. of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ USA
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
Johnson, William G; Oct 2009; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0728
Report No.(s): AD-A517564; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
During the 01 year we obtained IRB approval, designed primers as per task #8, and wrote and submitted a project for an
NIH Center grant to extend this study. We obtained IRB approval on 12/07/09. Our approved protocol and supporting documents have been submitted to the Human Research Protection Office (HRPO), Office of Research Protections (ORP) of the DOD for review. We are also applying for a Certificate of Confidentiality (COC) from the NIH. Once we have approval from the Human Research Protection Office (HRPO), Office of Research Protections (ORP) of the DOD we will begin work on tasks 4 and 7. We will also begin work on task 6, 9, 10, 11 and 12 for the samples obtained from the AGRE Bank (since these samples will be received without PHI and therefore do not need a COC) but these tasks will not begin for the recruited study subjects until subject recruitment, enrollment a treatment have been completed. Task #8 was completed in early 2009 but we will re-assess our results since a significant amount of time has passed and there may be better SNP’s available at this time. Please see partnering projects W81XWH-08-1-0729 and W81XWH-08-1-0730.
DTIC
Disorders; Mental Health
20100016106 California Univ., Davis, CA USA
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell Death in Prostate Cancer
Bold, Richard; Aug 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0385
Report No.(s): AD-A517565; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The primary purpose of this research grant is to provide the necessary preclinical data demonstrating that prostate cancer cells are auxotrophic for arginine and therefore targeting arginine metabolism is a novel therapeutic approach. The primary methodology involves cell culture with the characterization of the arginine requirements for prostate cancer cell growth and then determination of the effect of arginine depletion on cell growth and cell death. Furthermore, we have investigated the mechanism of cell death and observed that arginine deprivation in those cells auxotrophic for this semi-essential amino acid induces autophagy as a precursor to programmed cell death. Major findings to date include the observation that the majority of prostate cancer cell lines lack arginine-succinate synthetase (ASS), the critical enzyme in arginine biosynthesis.
Furthermore, arginine deprivation in those cell lines lacking ASS induces autophagy as a precursor to non-apoptotic cell death.
Inhibition of autophagy appears to stimulate the induction of cell death.
DTIC
Cancer; Death; Deprivation; Metabolism; Prostate Gland
20100016107 Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD USA
Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine
Jan 2009; 257 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517569; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The use of improvised explosive devices in Iraq and Afghanistan has caused a marked increase in severe blast trauma.
Due to advances in body armor, quicker evacuation from the battlefield, and advanced medical care, many of the injured survive to face the challenge of overcoming severe limb, head, face, and burn injuries that can take years to treat and usually result in significant lifelong impairment. The burgeoning field of regenerative medicine provides hope for restoring the structure and function of damaged tissues and organs and curing previously untreatable injuries and diseases. The concept of regenerative medicine in its simplest form is to replace or regenerate human cells, tissues, or organs to restore or establish normal function. Advanced technologies such as tissue regeneration, bone scaffolding, and stem cell-enabled treatments are needed to revolutionize the clinical rehabilitation of severely injured service members. The Department of Defense established the Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM) in 2008 with the mission of developing new products and therapies to treat severe injuries suffered by U.S. service members. This multi-institutional, interdisciplinary network of scientists has been designed to accelerate the delivery of regenerative medicine therapies for severely injured U.S. service members. Centered around well-established, proven research investigators, the AFIRM has been able to expand the rehabilitative medicine knowledge base, develop models of injury, and test advanced technology products.
DTIC
Armed Forces; Injuries; Medical Services; Military Personnel
238
20100016121 Health Research, Inc., Buffalo, NY USA
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for Recurrence of Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer
Gelman, Irwin H; Aug 2009; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0026
Report No.(s): AD-A517621; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Prostate cancers that recur after so-called androgen-ablation therapy (CR-CaP) are typically more aggressive, more likely to spread to local lymph nodes and bones, and less likely to respond to second-tier treatments, and therefore, contribute to significantly decreased patient survival. We posit that enzymes called Src-family kinases (SFK) are required for the progression to CR-CaP, and thus, targeting these enzymes should prevent CR-CaP formation of suppress their growth. We will use animal models of human and mouse CR-CaP in conjunction with genetic and biochemical experiments to show that SFK are critical to the formation of CR-CaP, and thus, are therapeutically targetable using SFK-specific drugs. Our important pre-clinical studies on the critical role played by SFK in CR-CaP disease will serve as the foundation to establish immediate clinical trials in which CaP patients are treated with drugs such as KX2-391 at the commencement of androgen-deprivation therapy.
DTIC
Antibodies; Cancer; Hormones; Males; Prostate Gland
20100016124 Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, WA USA
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
Slichter, Sherrill J; Nelson, Karen A; Latchman, Yvette E; Gaur, Lakshmi; Sep 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0578
Report No.(s): AD-A517627; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of our experiments is to identify methods of preventing alloimmunization to donor platelets in a dog platelet transfusion model. We have established DLA Class II typing to select antigen incompatible donor-recipient pairs for our transfusion experiments. In addition, we are evaluating potential allostimulatory WBC that must be removed to prevent platelet alloimmunization or WBCs that must remain to induce tolerance to donor platelet transfusions. Flow cytometry techniques using antisera that detect various classes of WBCs are being used to identify cells that are removed versus those that remain using different leukoreduction filters. The results of these white cell characterization studies will be correlated with the results of donor platelet transfusion experiments where different filters have been used to leukoreduce donor platelets prior to transfusion. Our current platelet transfusion experiments have evaluated gamma-irradiation alone or combined with leukoreduction to prevent alloimmunization to donor platelets. These experiments have demonstrated that none of these methods prevent platelet alloimmunization. Our next experiments will combine UV-irradiation along with filtration leukoreduction to determine if this combination can prevent alloimmune platelet refractoriness.
DTIC
Blood; Blood Cells; Leukocytes; Platelets; Prevention; Transfusion
20100016334 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab Consortium for Technology
Transfer
Fogarty, Jennifer A.; Apr. 28, 2010]; 11 pp.; In English; From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab Consortium for Technology Transfer, 26-29 Apr. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20495; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016334
A NASA engineer received a heart transplant performed by Drs. DeBakey and Noon after suffering a serious heart attack.
6 months later that engineer returned to work at NASA determined to use space technology to help people with heart disease.
A relationship between NASA and Drs. DeBakey and Noon was formed and the group worked to develop a low cost, low power implantable ventricular assist device (VAD). NASA patented the method to reduce pumping damage to red blood cells and the design of a continuous flow heart pump (#5,678,306 and #5,947,892). The technology and methodology were licensed exclusively to MicroMed Technology, Inc.. In late 1998 MicroMed received international quality and electronic certifications and began clinical trials in Europe. Ventricular assist devices were developed to bridge the gap between heart failure and transplant. Early devices were cumbersome, damaged red blood cells, and increased the risk of developing dangerous blood clots. Application emerged from NASA turbopump technology and computational fluid dynamics analysis capabilities. To
239
develop the high performance required of the Space Shuttle main engines, NASA pushed the state of the art in the technology of turbopump design. NASA supercomputers and computational fluid dynamics software developed for use in the modeling analysis of fuel and oxidizer flow through rocket engines was used in the miniaturization and optimization of a very small heart pump. Approximately 5 million people worldwide suffer from chronic heart failure at a cost of 40 billion dollars In the US, more than 5000 people are on the transplant list and less than 3000 transplants are performed each year due to the lack of donors. The success of ventricular assist devices has led to an application as a therapeutic destination as well as a bridge to transplant. This success has been attributed to smaller size, improved efficiency, and reduced complications such as the formation of blood clots and infection.
Author
Aerospace Engineering; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Heart Diseases; Heart Implantation; Blood; Heart; Infectious
Diseases
52
AEROSPACE MEDICINE
Includes the biological and physiological effects of atmospheric and space flight (weightlessness, space radiation, acceleration, and altitude stress) on the human being; and the prevention of adverse effects on those environments. For psychological and behavioral effects of aerospace environments, see 53 Behavioral Sciences . For the effects of space on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences .
20100014803 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
International Space Station Air Quality Assessed According to Toxicologically-Grouped Compounds
James, John T.; Limero, Thomas F.; Beck, Steve; Cheng, Patti F.; deVera, Vanessa J.; Hand, Jennifer; Macatangay, Ariel;
[2010]; 7 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20383; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014803
Scores of compounds are found in the International Space Station (ISS) atmospheric samples that are returned to the
Johnson Space Center Toxicology Laboratory for analysis. Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations (SMACs) are set with the view that each compound is present as if there were no other compounds present. In order to apply SMACs to the interpretation of the analytical data, the toxicologist must employ some method of combining the potential effects of the aggregate of compounds found in the atmospheric samples. The simplest approach is to assume that each quantifiable compound has the potential for some effect in proportion to the applicable SMAC, and then add all the proportions. This simple paradigm disregards the fact that most compounds have potential to adversely affect only a few physiological systems, and their effects would be independent rather than additive. An improved approach to dealing with exposure to mixtures is to add the proportions only for compounds that adversely affect the same physiological system. For example, toxicants that cause respiratory irritation are separated from those that cause neurotoxicity or cardio-toxicity. Herein we analyze ISS air quality data according to toxicological groups with a view that this could be used for understanding any crew symptoms occurring at the time of the sample acquisition. In addition, this approach could be useful in post-flight longitudinal surveys where the flight surgeon may need to identify post-flight, follow-up medical studies because of on-orbit exposures that target specific physiological systems.
Author
Air Quality; International Space Station; Toxicology; Chemical Compounds; Signs and Symptoms; Aerospace Medicine
20100014971 Oxford Univ., Oxford, UK
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in Harsh Environments
Castell, Linda M; Thake, C D; Ensign, Wayne; Mar 2010; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516043; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516043
Prolonged, exhaustive exercise frequently leads to an increased incidence of upper respiratory tract illness (URTI) which is linked to transient immunodepression. We investigated potential biochemical markers of stress and fatigue, and URTI symptoms as a surrogate of immunodepression, in US Marines undergoing intensive winter training at altitude. Selected plasma amino acids and leptin (p[Lep]) were measured as possible markers of fatigue and immunodepression, together with nonesterified fatty acids (p[NEFA]) and total antioxidant capacity (p[TAC]). Changes were observed in plasma free tryptophan
(p[FT]), p[Gln], p[Lep], p[NEFA], p(TAC] but not branched chain amino acids (p[BCAA]). p[FT] decreased markedly.
240
Resting p[Gln] decreased overall after one month at altitude. p[Gln] routinely decreases 1-2 hrs after prolonged exercise.
Importantly, we observed early morning decreases in p[Gln], suggesting a cumulative effect of prolonged activity, stress, and fatigue. Concomitantly, individuals with highest illness scores had the greatest p[Gln] decrease: low p[Gln] may therefore be associated with a diminished stress tolerance.
DTIC
Amino Acids; Biochemistry; Education; Markers
20100015381
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
[2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Life in Space for Life on Earth, 13 Jun. 2010, Trieste, Italy
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNJ04HF71G; NAG9-1425; NIH-GCRC M01 RR00827
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20375; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
An integrated exercise countermeasure for microgravity is needed to protect multiple physiologic systems and save crew time. Such a countermeasure should protect orthostatic tolerance, upright ambulatory capability (including sprinting), aerobic capacity, muscle strength/endurance, and other physiologic parameters relevant to human performance. We developed a novel physiologic countermeasure, treadmill exercise within LBNP, for preventing cardiovascular and musculoskeletal deconditioning associated with prolonged bed rest and spaceflight. We evaluated 40 min of daily LBNP treadmill exercise by a battery of physiologic parameters relevant to maintaining exercise performance and health of both women and men during bed-rest (simulated microgravity) studies lasting from 5 to 60 days. For 30 day studies, we employed identical twins with one twin as the control and the other twin as the exerciser to improve comparative power. During the WISE 60-day HDT study, the treadmill exercise within LBNP was performed 3-4 days each week and resistive exercise was performed 2-3 days each week. Our treadmill within LBNP protocol maintained plasma volume and sprint speed (30 day HDT bed-rest studies of identical twins), orthostatic tolerance to a degree, upright exercise capacity, muscle strength and endurance, and some bone parameters during 30 day (twin studies) and 60 day (WISE-2005) bed-rest simulations of microgravity. When combining treadmill exercise within LBNP and resistive exercise (WISE), cardiac mass increased significantly in the exercise (EX) group during bed rest relative to controls (CON). Upright peak VO2, and knee extensor strength and endurance decreased significantly in CON subjects; but these parameters were preserved in the EX group. In the 60 day WISE study, each LBNP exercise session was followed immediately by 10 minutes of static LBNP, and the last such session occurred three days before the end of bed rest. Still, orthostatic tolerance was better maintained in the EX group than in the CON group. Therefore, these collective peer-reviewed results document that our treadmill exercise within LBNP countermeasure safely and efficiently protects multiple physiologic systems in women and men during bed-rest studies of up to 60 days. Supported by NASA grants
NNJ04HF71G and NAG 9-1425, NIH grant GCRC M01 RR00827 and by WISE support from ESA, NASA, CSA, and CNES.
Author
Cardiovascular System; Human Performance; Physical Exercise; Treadmills; Muscles; Health; Countermeasures; Bed Rest
20100015498 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
Chappell, Lori J.; Cucinotta, Francis A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 21st Annual NASA Space Radiation Investigators’
Meeting, 16-19 May 2010, Port Jefferson, NY, USA
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20398; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015498
There is no human epidemiology data available to estimate the heavy ion cancer risks experienced by astronauts in space.
Studies of tumor induction in mice are a necessary step to estimate risks to astronauts. Previous experimental data can be better utilized to model dose response for heavy ion tumorigenesis and plan future low dose studies.
Derived from text
Tumors; Heavy Ions; Aerospace Medicine; Radiation Dosage; Experiment Design
20100016333 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Performance Support Tools for Space Medical Operations
Byrne, Vicky; Schmid, Josef; Barshi, Immanuel; [2010]; 4 pp.; In English; Aerospace Medical Association (AsMA), 9-13
May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20427; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016333
Early Constellation space missions are expected to have medical capabilities similar to those currently on board the Space
241
Shuttle and International Space Station (ISS). Flight surgeons on the ground in Mission Control will direct the Crew Medical
Officer (CMO) during medical situations. If the crew is unable to communicate with the ground, the CMO will carry out medical procedures without the aid of a flight surgeon. In these situations, use of performance support tools can reduce errors and time to perform emergency medical tasks. The research presented here is part of the Human Factors in Training Directed
Research Project of the Space Human Factors Engineering Project under the Space Human Factors and Habitability Element of the Human Research Program. This is a joint project consisting of human factors teams from the Johnson Space Center
(JSC) and the Ames Research Center (ARC). Work on medical training has been conducted in collaboration with the Medical
Training Group at JSC and with Wyle that provides medical training to crew members, biomedical engineers (BMEs), and flight surgeons under the Bioastronautics contract. Human factors personnel at Johnson Space Center have investigated medical performance support tools for CMOs and flight surgeons.
Author
Bioastronautics; Flight Surgeons; Human Factors Engineering; Habitability; Education; Emergencies; Space Flight Stress;
International Space Station
20100016338 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
Chappell, Steve; Lee, Lesley; Gemhardt, Mike; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; American College of Sports Medicine Annual
Meeting, 2-5 Jun. 2010, Baltimore, MD, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20530; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016338
Physical effort, compensation, and controllability in a spacesuit can be affected by suit mass and gravity level. Because of limitations in certain reduced-gravity simulators and the finite selection of lunar prototype suits, it is difficult to ascertain how a change in suit mass affects suited human performance. One method of simulating a change in mass is to vary the total gravity-adjusted weight (TGAW), which is defined as the sum of the suit mass and subject mass, multiplied by the gravity level. PURPOSE: To determine if two methods of changing TGAW during parabolic flight - changing suit mass or gravity level - affect subjective ratings of suited human performance equally.METHODS: A custom weight support structure was connected to a lunar prototype spacesuit, allowing the addition of mass to the suit while maintaining a near-constant center of mass. In the varied-weight (VW) series, suit mass (120 kg) was constant at 0.1-g, 0.17-g, and 0.3-g, yielding TGAWs of
196, 333, and 588 N, assuming an 80-kg subject. In the varied-mass (VM) series, gravity level was constant at 0.17-g and suit mass was 89, 120, and 181 kg, yielding TGAWs of 282, 333, and 435 N. The 333 N condition was common to both series.
Direct comparison was not possible due to limited adjustability of suit mass and limited options for parabolic profiles. Five astronaut subjects (80.311.8 kg) completed 4 different tasks (walk, bag pickup, lunge, and shoveling) in all conditions and provided ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and the gravity compensation and performance scale (GCPS) upon completion of each task. RESULTS: Where VM and VW series overlapped, RPE and GCPS trend lines were similar. Mean RPE and
GCPS at 333 N was 8.4 and 3.7. Mean RPE and GCPS for VM was 7.8 and 3.8 for 282 N and 9.8 and 4.1 for 435 N.
Extrapolation of the VM trend to match VW TGAWs 196 and 588 N predicts an RPE of 6.5 and 12.3 and GCPS of 4.4 and
5.9, whereas the measured VW values for RPE were 8.1 and 9.8 and GCPS were 4.4 and 3.7. CONCLUSION: Modeling a change in suit mass by altering weight alone may be an adequate simulation through a limited range when looking at gross metrics of subjective suited human performance. Whether altering weight alone will be sufficient for more precise metrics of human performance, and across a wider range of activities, still needs further study
Author
Center of Mass; Human Performance; Microgravity; Space Suits; Weight (Mass); Simulators; Parabolic Flight; Physical
Work
242
54
MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
Includes human factors engineering, bionics, man-machine systems, life support, space suits and protective clothing. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 52 Aerospace Medicine .
20100014813 Wyle Integrated Science and Engineering Group, Houston, TX, USA
Environmental Control and Life Support Integration Strategy for 6-Crew Operations
Duchesne, Stephanie M.; Tressler, Chad H.; [2010]; 8 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems,
11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20209; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014813
The International Space Station (ISS) crew complement has increased in size from 3 to 6 crew members. In order to support this increase in crew on ISS, the USA on-orbit Segment (USOS) has been outfitted with a suite of regenerative
Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) hardware including an Oxygen Generation System (OGS), Waste and
Hygiene Compartment (WHC), and a Water Recovery System (WRS). The WRS includes the Urine Processor Assembly
(UPA) and the Water Processor Assembly (WPA). With this additional life support hardware, the ISS has achieved full redundancy in its on-orbit life support system between the t OS and Russian Segment (RS). The additional redundancy created by the Regenerative ECLS hardware creates the opportunity for independent support capabilities between segments, and for the first time since the start of ISS, the necessity to revise Life Support strategy agreements. Independent operating strategies coupled with the loss of the Space Shuttle supply and return capabilities in 2010 offer new and unique challenges. This paper will discuss the evolution of the ISS Life Support hardware strategy in support of 6-Crew on ISS, as well as the continued work that is necessary to ensure the support of crew and ISS Program objectives through the life of station
Author
Environmental Control; Flight Crews; International Space Station; Life Support Systems
20100015485 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
A Language Use Perspective on the Design of Human-Computer Interaction
Brock, Derek; Jan 2002; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516107; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516107
Clark (1996) has identified common ground-information we take to be shared with others-as an indispensable requisite for everything people do with each other where language use or, more definitively, a collaborative use of meaning and understanding is involved. In interactive software development, though, theory and practice have placed little emphasis on the role and importance of this crucial aspect of cognition in user interactions, with the result that user interface and interaction designs are typically impoverished in ways they need not be. In this paper, the basic features of a language use approach to human-computer interaction are outlined, and a range of both noncomputational and computational implications for the design of interactive systems is examined. In particular, human-computer interaction is recast as a genuine instance of language use between the user and the system designer and, in a second layer, as a joint activity in which the system and the user are participants. In this view, principled interaction design is authorship that promotes common ground with the user at all times in all layers through noncomputational and/or computational means. Noncomputational means facilitate the user’s development and maintenance of common ground with the author’s design through passive and semipassive mechanisms that may also depend on user initiative. Computational means focus on actively maintaining a system-side image of common ground and using this to inform aspects of the system’s interaction behavior. Key issues in computing common ground include representing and verifying what the user does and does not know, identifying and using conventions, and solving coordination problems posed by the user.
DTIC
Human-Computer Interface; Software Engineering; Computer Programming
20100016129 Human Systems Integration Office, Falls Church, VA USA
Human Systems Integration Requirements
Simpkiss, Bridget; Sep 2009; 76 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517632; AFHSIO-001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This Human Systems Integration (HSI) Requirements Pocket Guide assumes a basic understanding of how requirements are written and placed into Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) documents. This guide’s purpose
243
is three-fold: First, to assist requirements writers in documenting solid, unambiguous human requirements in Air Force and
DoD-level acquisition documents; Second, to assist HSI requirements writers in understanding where they fit into the
Integrated Defense Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics Life Cycle Management System; Finally, to serve as a learning tool/quick reference source for HSI domain representatives who are called upon to assist with writing requirements documents. Included in this guide are DOs and DON’Ts of good requirements writing, sample requirements from approved programs, commonly misunderstood requirements terms and suggestions for better use, guidance documents for further reference, and contact information for commands and their areas of expertise.
DTIC
Human Factors Engineering; Requirements; Systems Integration
59
MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general topics and overviews related to mathematics and computer science. For specific topics in these areas see categories
60 through 67 .
20100015436 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and Design Exploration: From Conventional Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Martinez-Canales, M. L.; Swiler, L. P.; Hough, P. D.; Gray, G. A.; Chiesa, M. L.; Nov. 2006; 67 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966591; SAND2006-7669; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This project focused on research and algorithmic development in optimization under uncertainty (OUU) problems driven by earth penetrator (EP) designs. While taking into account uncertainty, we addressed three challenges in current simulationbased engineering design and analysis processes. The first challenge required leveraging small local samples, already constructed by optimization algorithms, to build effective surrogate models. We used Gaussian Process (GP) models to construct these surrogates. We developed two OUU algorithms using local GPs (OUULGP) and one OUU algorithm using global GPs (OUUGGP) that appear competitive or better than current methods. The second challenge was to develop a methodical design process based on multiresolution, multifidelity models. We developed a MultiFidelity Bayesian
Autoregressive process (MFBAP). The third challenge involved the development of tools that are computational feasible and accessible. We created MATLAB and initial DAKOTA implementations of our algorithms.
NTIS
Algorithms; Mathematical Models; Penetration; Reliability
20100015654 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
Bailey, D. H.; Borwein, J. M.; Broadhurst, D.; Zudilin, W.; Jun. 26, 2009; 18 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-05CH11231
Report No.(s): DE2009-964375; LBNL-2163E; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
One of the most effective techniques of experimental mathematics is to compute mathematical entities such as integrals, series or limits to high precision, then attempt to recognize the resulting numerical values. Recently these techniques have been applied with great success to problems in mathematical physics. Notable among these applications are the identification of some key multi-dimensional integrals that arise in Ising theory, quantum field theory and in magnetic spin theory.
NTIS
Theoretical Physics; Ising Model
20100015656 Argonne National Lab., IL, USA
REBUS-MCNP Linkage
Stevens, J. G.; Apr. 24, 2009; 92 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357
Report No.(s): DE2009-964248; ANL/RERTR/TM-08-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The Reduced Enrichment Research and Test Reactor (RERTR) Program uses the REBUS-PC computer code to provide reactor physics and core design information such as neutron flux distributions in space, energy, and time, and to track isotopic changes in fuel and neutron absorbers with burnup. REBUS-PC models the complete fuel cycle including shuffling capability.
244
REBUS-PC evolved using the neutronic capabilities of multi-group diffusion theory code DIF3D 9.0, but was extended to apply the continuous energy Monte Carlo code MCNP for one-group fluxes and cross-sections. The linkage between
REBUS-PC and MCNP has recently been modernized and extended, as described in this manual. REBUS-PC now calls
MCNP via a system call so that the user can apply any valid MCNP executable. The interface between REBUS-PC and MCNP requires minimal changes to an existing MCNP model, and little additional input. The REBUS-MCNP interface can also be used in conjunction with DIF3D neutronics to update an MCNP model with fuel compositions predicted using a DIF3D based depletion.
NTIS
Computer Programs; Linkages; Nuclear Reactors
20100015658 TerraMetrics, Inc., Littleton, CO USA
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
Baxes, Gregory A., Inventor; March 16, 2010; 24 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS5-01196; NNL04AC32P
Patent Info.: Filed May 9, 2005; US-Patent-7,680,350; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/124,793; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015658
Systems and methods are provided for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields.
A method for progressive mesh storage includes reading raster height field data, and processing the raster height field data with a discrete wavelet transform to generate wavelet-encoded height fields. In another embodiment, a method for progressive mesh storage includes reading texture map data, and processing the texture map data with a discrete wavelet transform to generate wavelet-encoded texture map fields. A method for reconstructing a progressive mesh from wavelet-encoded height field data includes determining terrain blocks, and a level of detail required for each terrain block, based upon a viewpoint. Triangle strip constructs are generated from vertices of the terrain blocks, and an image is rendered utilizing the triangle strip constructs.
Software products that implement these methods are provided.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Wavelet Analysis; Geopotential Height; Computer Programs; Triangles; Data Processing
20100015662 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Data transmission system and method
Bruck, Jehoshua, Inventor; Langberg, Michael, Inventor; Sprintson, Alexander, Inventor; March 16, 2010; 12 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed August 31, 2005; US-Patent-7,680,147; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/218,334; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015662
A method of transmitting data packets, where randomness is added to the schedule. Universal broadcast schedules using encoding and randomization techniques are also discussed, together with optimal randomized schedules and an approximation algorithm for finding near-optimal schedules.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Data Transmission; Coding; Algorithms; Approximation; Broadcasting
20100015688 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Plimpton, Steve; Battaile, Corbett; Chandross, Mike; Holm, Liz; Thompson, Aidan; October 2009; 84 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966942; SAND-2009-6226; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The kinetic Monte Carlo method and its variants are powerful tools for modeling materials at the mesoscale, meaning at length and time scales in between the atomic and continuum. We have completed a 3 year LDRD project with the goal of developing a parallel kinetic Monte Carlo capability and applying it to materials modeling problems of interest to Sandia. In this report we give an overview of the methods and algorithms developed, and describe our new open-source code called
SPPARKS, for Stochastic Parallel PARticle Kinetic Simulator. We also highlight the development of several Monte Carlo
245
models in SPPARKS for specific materials modeling applications, including grain growth, bubble formation, diffusion in nanoporous materials, defect formation in erbium hydrides, and surface growth and evolution.
NTIS
Crossings; Mesoscale Phenomena; Monte Carlo Method
20100015696 Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, USA
Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2011, March 10, 2010
Sargent, John F., Jr.; March 10, 2010; 49 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107767; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
President Obama has requested $147.696 billion for research and development (R&D) in FY2011, a $343 million (0.2%) increase from the estimated FY2010 R&D funding level of $147.353 million. Congress will play a central role in defining the nations R&D priorities, especially with respect to two overarching issues: the extent to which the federal R&D investment can grow in the context of increased pressure on discretionary spending and how available funding will be prioritized and allocated. Low or negative growth in the overall R&D investment may require movement of resources across disciplines, programs, or agencies to address priorities. This report will be updated as Congress acts on appropriations bills that include funding for research, development and related funding.
NTIS
Information Systems; Research Management; United States
60
COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE
Includes hardware for computer graphics, firmware and data processing. For components see 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering .
For computer vision see 63 Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics .
20100015534 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Memory Reconsolidation and Computational Learning
Siegelmann, Hava T; Mar 2010; 23 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0009
Report No.(s): AD-A516675; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Memory models are central to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, since memories hold knowledge and their updates are the heart of flexibility and adaptivity. Reconsolidation is a key process of human learning, modifying learned memories with new information. Reconsolidation has also been implicated in various disorders such as PTSD and OCD.
Understanding the computational basis of reconsolidation is the focus of this work, as well as employing findings to create an improved memory methodology for a superior thinking machine. Through our research, we revealed basic principles of reconsolidation-like processes and included them in novel models. For the first time our neural memory models allow input dimension not to be constrained to a fixed size, similar to organic memory allocation for memories of greater importance or increased detail. The total number of memories is, in a practical sense, unbounded. Furthermore, beyond the state of the art, our memory system has the ability to process on-line as objects change. These attributes may be very beneficial in psychological modeling. Significantly, we were able to employ our models as powerful engineering tools by using them to recognize and cluster realistic images during change and movement, and to track in highly dynamic environments.
DTIC
Computer Storage Devices; Memory (Computers); On-Line Systems
20100015669 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Flash drive memory apparatus and method
Hinchey, Michael G., Inventor; March 2, 2010; 20 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed November 6, 2007; US-Patent-7,673,089; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/935,572; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015669
A memory apparatus includes a non-volatile computer memory, a USB mass storage controller connected to the non-volatile computer memory, the USB mass storage controller including a daisy chain component, a male USB interface connected to the USB mass storage controller, and at least one other interface for a memory device, other than a USB interface,
246
the at least one other interface being connected to the USB mass storage controller.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Computer Storage Devices; Controllers; Data Processing Equipment
20100016278 University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
Davis, Dan M.; March 2010; 87 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-05-2-0204; Proj-JESP
Report No.(s): AD-A516717; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research has been manifestly successful in advancing the state of the art in large-scale military battlespace simulations and in conceiving, developing, implementing and testing trans-continentally distributed high performance computing for training, analysis and evaluation. Significant achievements include increasing the scale of simulations by one order of magnitude, championing a 256- node General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) cluster, facilitating compute environment stability, developing an effective Distributed Data Grid, enabling vital advances required to meet Joint
Forces Command’s (JFCOM’s) mission goals and designing the JLogger system for improved logging. The research has resulted in the acceptance of 37 peer-reviewed research papers. In performing this research, ISI developed needed capabilities for JFCOM experiments, developed a fault tolerant router network, successfully proposed a 256-node GPGPU cluster, taught a course on its use, created the JLogger system, enabled faster analysis and investigated review techniques. All of this has had a significant salutary impact on the defense posture of the nation, resulting in direct benefits to the warfighter.
DTIC
Computer Systems Design; Evaluation; Fault Tolerance; Parallel Processing (Computers); Pulse Rate; Scalers;
Supercomputers; System Effectiveness
61
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE
Includes software engineering, computer programs, routines, algorithms, and specific applications, e.g., CAD/CAM. For computer software applied to specific applications, see also the associated category.
20100014846 Air Force Simulation and Analysis Facility, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SIMAF)
Menke, Timothy; March, M. W.; ITEA Journal; December 2009; Volume 30, No. 4, pp. 469 - 472; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515245; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515245
The Simulation and Analysis Facility (SIMAF) is a state-of-the-art U.S. Air Force facility specializing in high-fidelity, virtual (manned), distributed simulation to support acquisition and test located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. The
SIMAF is charged with supporting capability planning, development, and integration in support of Air Force and Department of Defense acquisition program objectives. Key areas of emphasis include capability development and integration, network-centric system-of-systems development, and electronic warfare.
DTIC
Distributed Interactive Simulation; Electronic Warfare; Evaluation; Military Air Facilities; Procurement; Simulation;
Software Reuse; System Effectiveness; Weapon Systems
20100014863 Corps of Engineers, Huntsville, AL USA
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
Serena, Joseph M., III; LaHoud, Paul M.; August 1, 1990; 23 pp.; In English; Twenty-Fourth Department of Defense
Explosive Safety Seminar, 28 - 30 Aug. 1990, St. Louis, MO, USA
Report No.(s): AD-A515275; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515275
A flexible and easy to use microcomputer program has been developed to predict the damage to facilities resulting from the effects of conventional explosions. This High Explosive Damage Assessment Model (HIXDAK) is intended to provide safety engineering offices and facility designers a tool for rapid evaluation of airblast damage to structures. The model was first reported at the 1988 Explosive Safety Seminar and has received widespread distribution within the U. S . Government
247
and industry. This paper presents additional data which verifies the capability of HEXDAM to accurately predict structural damage for a wide range structure types and explosive events.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Damage; Damage Assessment; Explosives; Microcomputers; Shock Waves
20100014913 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Bass, Len; Clements, Paul; de Niz, Dionisio; Feiler, Peter; Geiger, Matthew; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansson, Jorgen; Hissam, Scott;
Ivers, James; Klein, Mark; Dec 2009; 62 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8721-05-C-0003
Report No.(s): AD-A515874; CMU/SEI-2009-TR-025; ESC-TR-2009-025; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515874
The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) annually undertakes several independent research and development (IRAD) projects. These projects serve to (1) support feasibility studies investigating whether further work by the SEI would be of potential benefit and (2) support further exploratory work to determine whether there is sufficient value in eventually funding the feasibility study work as an SEI initiative. Projects are chosen based on their potential to mature and/or transition software engineering practices, develop information that will help in deciding whether further work is worth funding, and set new directions for SEI work. This report describes the IRAD projects that were conducted during fiscal year 2009 (October 2008 through September 2009).
DTIC
Computer Programming; Research; Software Engineering
20100014914 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Profiling Systems Using the Defining Characteristics of Systems of Systems (SoS)
Firesmith, Donald; Feb 2010; 87 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8721-05-C-0003
Report No.(s): AD-A515876; CMU/SEI-2010-TN-0010; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515876
The concept of a system of systems (SoS) has become very popular over the last decade, resulting in books, conferences, technical papers, and reports. However, there is no consensus as to exactly what the term means, and it has been given many different, though re-lated, definitions. This technical note identifies and describes the characteristics that have been used in various definitions of the term system of systems. These SoS characteristics vary along corresponding scales and can form the basis of corresponding ?meters? that serve as indicators of where a system lies along the associated scale. This technical note also discusses two other classes of system characteristics: quality characteristics and programmatic characteristics and how similar meters can be used to describe where systems lie along the scales associated with these two additional sets of system characteristics. Finally, this technical note discusses the various benefits of using these system of systems characteristics to profile systems.
DTIC
Programming Languages; Quality Control
20100014916 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Evaluating the Software Design of a Complex System of Systems
Blanchette, Jr, Stephen; Crosson, Steven; Boehm, Barry; Jan 2010; 51 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8721-05-C-0003
Report No.(s): AD-A515880; CMU/SEI-2009-TR-023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515880
Schedule- or event-driven reviews are a crucial element of any major software development project. Such reviews tend to focus on different aspects of development, and different types of reviews provide different benefits. The sum of these reviews, however, is inadequate to address the needs of software development in a complex system of systems (SoS) environment. What is needed is a true, evidence-driven, SoS-level evaluation capable of providing an overall assessment of,
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and insight into, the software development effort in that context. This report discusses the application of the Lifecycle
Architecture (LCA) event to what was an enormously complex SoS program: the Army’s Future Combat Systems. From the
FCS experience, readers will gain insight into the issues of applying the LCA in an SoS context and be ready to apply the lessons learned in their own domains.
DTIC
Complex Systems; Computer Programming; Software Engineering
20100014917 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Measurement and Analysis Infrastructure Diagnostic (MAID) Evaluation Criteria, Version 1.0
Feb 2010; 51 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8721-05-C-0003
Report No.(s): AD-A515887; CMU/SEI-2009-TR-022; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515887
The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) is developing the Measurement and Analysis Infra-structure Diagnostic (MAID) method. MAID is a criterion-based evaluation method that facilitates the examination and evaluation of data quality issues linked to how the organization implements measurement and analysis practices. This document presents the set of criteria used during a MAID evaluation. The criteria serve as a checklist for an evaluator to use to rate the quality of an organization’s measurement and analysis practices and the quality of the measurement information that results from the implementation of those practices. The evaluation itself is carried out by a team following the MAID method. The MAID method is described briefly in this document. A full description of the method will be published in a separate document in 2010.
DTIC
Computer Programming; Data Management; Software Engineering
20100014919 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Scalable Storage and Services
Hendricks, James; Ganger, Gregory R; Reiter, Michael K; Narasimhan, Priya; Castro, Miguel; Jul 2009; 126 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0389; F49620-01-1-0433
Report No.(s): AD-A515890; CMU-CS-09-146; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515890
Distributed systems experience and should tolerate faults beyond simple component crashes as such systems grow in size and importance. Unfortunately, tolerating arbitrary faults, also known as Byzantine faults, poses several challenges to system designers, often limiting performance, requiring additional hardware, or both. This dissertation presents new protocols that provide substantially better performance than previously demonstrated. The Byzantine fault-tolerant erasure-coded block storage protocol proposed in this thesis provides 40% higher write throughput than the best prior approach. The Byzantine fault-tolerant replicated state machine provides a factor of 2.2-2.9 times higher throughput than the best prior approach.
Furthermore, the protocols presented in this dissertation require 25-33% fewer responsive servers than the nearest competitors.
To enable these results, this dissertation introduces several new techniques, including homomorphic fingerprinting, partial encoding, and Byzantine Locking, that provide unprecedented scalability, higher throughput, lower latency, and lower computational overhead. This dissertation also considers new methods for analyzing the correctness of distributed systems in the presence of faulty clients. Distributed services and storage systems built using these techniques can provide Byzantine fault tolerance in a more efficient, higher performance, and more scalable manner than previously thought possible.
DTIC
Computer Systems Design; Fault Tolerance
20100014921 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences: Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden Tradeoffs
Benisch, Michael; Kelley, Patrick G; Sadeh, Norman; Cranor, Lorrie F; Mar 2010; 23 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF-CNS-0905562; NSF-CNS-0627513
Report No.(s): AD-A515899; CMU-ISR-10-105; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515899
We present a three-week user study in which we tracked the locations of 27 subjects and asked them to rate when, where, and with whom they would have been comfortable sharing their locations. The results of analysis conducted on over 7,500
249
hours of data suggest that the user population represented by our subjects has rich location-privacy preferences, with a number of critical dimensions, including time of day, day of week, and location. We describe a methodology for quantifying the effects, in terms of accuracy and amount of information shared, of privacy-setting types with differing levels of complexity (e.g., setting types that allow users to specify location- and/or time-based rules). Using the detailed preferences we collected, we identify the best possible policy (or collection of rules granting access to one’s location) for each subject and privacy-setting type. We measure the accuracy with which the resulting policies are able to capture our subjects’ privacy preferences under a variety of assumptions about the sensitivity of the information and user-burden tolerance. One practical implication of our results is that today’s location sharing applications may have failed to gain much traction due to their limited privacy settings, as they appear to be ineffective at capturing the preferences revealed by our study.
DTIC
Computer Information Security; Computer Programming; Position (Location); Privacy; Software Engineering; Tradeoffs
20100014926 Naval Air Systems Command (PMA-234), Patuxent River, MD USA
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
Glista, Drew; Jun 28, 2001; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515917; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515917
No abstract available
Military Aviation; Military Technology; Navy; Technology Utilization; Wavelength Division Multiplexing
20100014936 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the 2001 PerMIS Workshop
Messina, E R; Meystel, A M; Sep 4, 2001; 164 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NIST-SP-982
Report No.(s): AD-A515942; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515942
Testing of performance pertains to evaluation of the potential and actual capabilities of a system to satisfy the expectations of the designer and the users via exploration of its functioning. This includes determining how well the system performs its declared job, how efficiently and effectively it does so, how robust it is, and so forth. The job and expected performance must therefore be defined at the outset. Efficiency is defined as how well the system does things right, effectiveness is defined as how well the system does the right thing, and robustness is defined as the degree to which a system can function correctly in the presence of invalid inputs or stressful environmental conditions. [Finklestein, 00] Furthermore, the tests under consideration are not meant to be broad-based general evaluations of the system’s knowledge or the full spectrum of its capabilities. In particular, we are not striving to ascertain whether a system has common-sense generic knowledge applicable to general-purpose problem solving. The system being evaluated has a given sphere of responsibility and known abilities and tasks that it is able to undertake under its specifications. Comments regarding the testing of intelligent versus non-intelligent systems are not meant to underestimate the difficulty of testing non-intelligent systems. Testing robustness, efficiency, and even functionality of non-intelligent software systems is difficult enough, e.g., see [Mukherjee 97]. Since the software execution can follow a myriad of combinations of paths through the code, it is impossible, in typical practice to exhaustively test all the possible combinations. In non-deterministic real-time systems, the problem is compounded by the uncertainty in the execution times of various processes, the sequence of events, asynchronous interrupts, etc [Butler, 93]. In general, the evaluation of intelligent systems (IS’s) is broader than testing of non-intelligent systems (NIS).
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Conferences; Intelligence; Problem Solving; Robots
20100015168 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRATEGY: Key Improvements Are Needed to Strengthen the Nation’s Posture
Powner, David; Mar 10, 2009; 19 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516403; GAO-09-432T; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Government officials are concerned about attacks from individuals and groups with malicious intent, such as criminals, terrorists, and adversarial foreign nations. For example, in February 2009, the Director of National Intelligence testified that foreign nations and criminals have targeted government and private sector networks to gain a competitive advantage and potentially disrupt or destroy them, and that terrorist groups have expressed a desire to use cyber attacks as a means to target
250
the USA. The director also discussed that in August 2008, the national government of Georgia’s Web sites were disabled during hostilities with Russia, which hindered the government’s ability to communicate its perspective about the conflict.
Statement of the Dire The federal government has developed a strategy to address such cyber threats. Specifically, President
Bush issued the 2003 National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace and related policy directives, such as Homeland Security
Presidential Directive 7,5 that specify key elements of how the nation is to secure key computer-based systems, including both government systems and those that support critical infrastructures owned and operated by the private sector. The strategy and related policies also establish the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as the focal point for cyber CIP and assign the department multiple leadership roles and responsibilities in this area. They include (1) developing a comprehensive national plan for CIP, including cybersecurity; (2) developing and enhancing national cyber analysis and warning capabilities; (3) providing and coordinating incident response and recovery planning, including conducting incident response exercises; (4) identifying, assessing, and supporting efforts to reduce cyber threats and vulnerabilities, including those associated with infrastructure control systems; and strengthening international cyberspace security.
DTIC
Computer Techniques; International Relations; Posture; Security
20100015205 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation Detection System
Hansen, Leif A; Mar 2010; 159 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516505; AFIT/GWM/ENP/10-M02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
First responders assess a Nuclear/Radiological (NUCRAD) event in a timely and accurate manner by creating a site characterization that reflects the location of various levels of contamination based on their instruments’ readings. The survey team experiences difficulty in accurately recording this critical data due to the challenge of operating multiple devices and communicating the devices’ readings to other survey members. First responders produce a representation of the contamination or activity on a map that contain rings outlining the levels of activity and/or single locations of a single activity. Recently, several agencies began creating software programs that record a first responder’s instrument readings, time, and the global positioning system (GPS) location plotting the information in real-time. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region
5 developed the Rapid Assessment Tool (RAT). This research evaluates the effectiveness of RAT by comparing the timeliness and accuracy of the site characterization created by multiple survey teams (one team not using RAT and another team using
RAT). All of the Bioenvironmental Engineer (BEE) Survey Teams using RAT decreased their survey times for all scenarios.
The Weapons of Mass Destruction -- Civil Support Team (WMD-CST) survey teams using RAT decreased their survey times during the lane, bounce and bypass, star, and cloverleaf scenarios. However, survey times increased for the zigzag and radial scenarios.
DTIC
Detection; Evaluation; Networks; Nuclear Radiation; System Effectiveness
20100015251 Georgia Inst. for Research, Atlanta, GA USA
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Kira, Zsolt; Arkin, Ronald C; Collins, Thomas R; Jan 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516615; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
As part of our research for the ARL MAST CTA (Collaborative Technology Alliance), we present an integrated architecture that facilitates the design of microautonomous robot platforms and missions, starting from initial design conception to actual deployment. The framework consists of four major components: design tools, mission-specification system (MissionLab), case-based reasoning system (CBR Expert), and a simulation environment (USARSim). The designer begins by using design tools to generate a space of missions, taking broad mission-specific objectives into account. For example, in a multi-robot reconnaissance task, the parameters varied include the number of robots used, mobility capabilities
(e.g. maximum speeds), and sensor capabilities. The design tools are used to intelligently carve out the space of all possible parameter combinations to produce a smaller set of mission configurations. Quantitative assessment of this design space is then performed in simulation to determine which particular configuration would yield an effective team before actual deployment. MissionLab, a mission-specification platform, is used to incorporate the input parameters, generate the underlying robot missions, and control the robots in simulation. It also provides logging mechanisms to measure a range of quantitative performance metrics, such as mission completion rates, resource utilization, and time to completion, which are then used to determine the best configuration for a particular mission. These metrics can also provide guidance for the refinement of the
251
entire design process. Finally, a case-based reasoning system allows users to maximize successful deployment of the robots by retrieving proven configurations and determine the robot capabilities necessary for success in a particular mission.
DTIC
Design Analysis; Research and Development; Robotics; Robots; Technologies
20100015254 Georgia Inst. for Research, Atlanta, GA USA
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for Indoor Target Discovery and
Tracking
Ulam, Patrick D; Kira, Zsolt; Arkin, Ronald C; Collins, Thomas R; Jan 2010; 13 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516618; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper describes ongoing research by Georgia Tech into the challenges of tasking and controlling heterogonous teams of unmanned vehicles in mixed indoor/outdoor reconnaissance scenarios. We outline the tools and techniques necessary for an operator to specify, execute, and monitor such missions. The mission specification framework used for the purposes of intelligence gathering during mission execution are first demonstrated in simulations involving a team of a single autonomous rotorcraft and three ground-based robotic platforms. Preliminary results including robotic hardware in the loop are also provided.
DTIC
Pilotless Aircraft; Robotics; Software Development Tools; Target Recognition; Targets
20100015272 University Corp. for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO USA
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation. ESMF Annual Report 2009
DeLuca, Cecelia; Jan 18, 2010; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00173-05-1-G902
Report No.(s): AD-A516674; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF) is in its seventh year, and its component interfaces have been implemented in most of the prominent climate and weather codes in the U.S.: CCSM, WRF, NASA GEOS-5, EMC
GFS/NEMS, NRL COAMPS and the GFDL MOM4 ocean (see Appendix A for a table of acronyms). In general, componentization with ESMF has been implemented at the level of major physical domains, where simulated interactions require inter-component data communications (e.g. atmosphere, ocean). This implementation is compatible with codes such as WRF that impose their own interoperability conventions at the level of individual physics parameterizations. The codes listed above, plus the full GFDL modeling system under FMS, can now operate within a component-based, hierarchical architecture in which large-scale components can be called as subroutines. This was not the case when ESMF began. The current level of ESMF adoption represents a major and necessary step towards enabling U.S. centers to exchange large-scale components, and is an excellent basis for further advances in code interoperability.
DTIC
Computer Programming; High Resolution; Hurricanes; Ocean Models; Ocean Surface; Simulation; Software Engineering;
Water Waves
20100015422 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Grier, Rebecca A.; Skarin, Bruce; Wolpert, Lawrence; Lubyansky, Alexander; June 2008; 10 pp.; In English; International
Conference on Computational Cultural Dynamics (ICCCD), 15 - 16 Sep. 2008, College Park, MD, USA
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-06-C-6634; Proj-3005; 65502F
Report No.(s): AD-A515213; AFRL-RH-WP-TP-2010-0014; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515213
Today’s military missions are not against other nation-states. Rather, they are against irregular forces engaged in terrorist or insurgent activities. A large part of waging successful counter-insurgency campaigns involves reducing or eliminating local support for the insurgents by convincing people that it is in not in their interest to support or join an insurgency. The Simulation of Cultural Identities for Prediction of Reactions (SCIPR) tool is designed to help military planners answer the question: How will a particular course of action (COA) or sequence of events affect the attitudes or actions of a particular population? At the
252
core of SCIPR is an agent based model where agents, in response to events, change their affiliations and their attitudes based on the principles of social identity theory (Tajfel, 1978) and Social Influence Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). This paper describes the development of the SCIPR model and its use by military planners.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Identities; Predictions; Simulation; Social Factors
20100015486 L-3 Communications Corp., Mesa, AZ USA
Computer-Generated Forces at the Warfighter Training Research Division
George, Gary R.; Fuller, John; Proceedings of the 9th Computer Generated Forces and Behavioral Representation (CGF-BR)
Conference; May 2000; 23 pp.; In English; 9th Computer Generated Forces and Behavioral Representation (CGF-BR)
Conference, 16 - 18 May 2000, College Station, TX, USA
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-97-D-5000; Proj-1123
Report No.(s): AD-A514979; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA514979
The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is exploring a new concept in its training called Distributed Mission Training
(DMT) that will build toward the Air Force (AF) service-specific synthetic battlespace (SB). DMT is a shared training environment comprised of live, virtual, and constructive simulations that allow warfighters to train individually or collectively at all levels of war. At the Warfighter Training Research Division of Air Force Research Laboratory at Mesa, AZ. the initial
DMT vision has been developed and continues to evolve. The laboratory has a DMT test-bed that integrates virtual, live and constructive simulations for training and research applications. The test-bed has a full toolkit of constructive simulations including Computer Generated Forces (CGF). This paper will provide an overview of these constructive simulations and their use in DMT training and experiments.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Education; Electronic Warfare
20100015491 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command Exchange Tutorial
Rice, Kevin; Kizzort, Brad; Simon, Jerry; March 03, 2010; 97 pp.; In English; Ground System Arch. Workshop (GSAW
2010), 1-4 Mar. 2010, Manhattan Beach, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015491
An XML Telemetry Command Exchange (XTCE) tutoral oriented towards packets or minor frames is shown. The contents include: 1) The Basics; 2) Describing Telemetry; 3) Describing the Telemetry Format; 4) Commanding; 5) Forgotten
Elements; 6) Implementing XTCE; and 7) GovSat.
CASI
Document Markup Languages; Telemetry; Computer Programming; Binary Data; Computer Systems Programs
20100015530 Illinois Univ., Urbana-Champaign, IL USA
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Torrellas, Josep; Ceze, Luis; Tuck, James; Cascaval, Calin; Montesinos, Pablo; Ahn, Wonsun; Prvulovic, Milos; Dec 2009;
9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516614; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this article, we describe a novel, general-purpose multicore architecture-the Bulk Multicore-we designed to enable a highly programmable environment. In it, the programmer and runtime system are relieved of having to manage the sharing of data thanks to novel support for scalable hardware cache coherence. Moreover, to help minimize the chance of parallel-programming errors, the Bulk Multicore provides to the software high-performance sequential memory consistency and also introduces several novel hardware primitives. These primitives can be used to build a sophisticated programdevelopment-and-debugging environment, including low-overhead data-race detection, deterministic replay of parallel programs, and high-speed disambiguation of sets of addresses.
DTIC
Computer Programming; Architecture (Computers); Parallel Processing (Computers)
253
20100015535 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA
Conversational Interfaces: A Domain-Independent Architecture for Task-Oriented Dialogues
Gruenstein, Alexander; Dec 12, 2002; 123 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515958; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515958
This paper motivates and describes a generic framework for dialogue-enabling intelligent agents and devices for task-oriented dialogue. The interface is designed to be a mechanism by which a dialogue front-end can quickly and easily be adapted for use with a wide range of devices or agents. The Conversational Intelligence requisite for participating in a large range of important task-oriented dialogues is identified and decomposed in a modular, device-independent fashion and a specialized recipe scripting language is implemented to encode device-specific information. The recipes in the recipe library compiled from this scripting language are instantiated at run time into Activities, which may be executed by the device (and jointly, by the human operator). In addition, a novel Constraint Management System is implemented in order to exploit the features of natural language which allow humans to naturally expand and restrict the permissible sets of parameters that a particular activity may take on.
DTIC
Architecture (Computers); Time Domain Analysis
20100015564 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Ruppert, Stanley; Dodge, Douglas A.; Ganzberger, Michael D.; Hauk, Teresa F.; Matzel, Eric M.; September 2008; 11 pp.;
In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516629; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Research and
Development (GNEMRD) Program at LLNL continues to make significant progress enhancing the process of deriving seismic calibrations and performing scientific integration, analysis, and information management with software automation tools. Our tool efforts address the problematic issues of very large datasets and varied formats encountered during seismic calibration research. New information management and analysis tools have resulted in demonstrated gains in efficiency for producing scientific data products and improved accuracy of derived seismic calibrations. The foundation of a robust, efficient data development and processing environment is composed of many components built upon engineered versatile libraries. We incorporate proven industry best practices throughout our code and apply source code and bug tracking management, as well as automatic generation and execution of unit tests, for our experimental, development, and production lines. Significant software engineering and development efforts have produced an object-oriented framework that provides database-centric coordination between scientific tools, users, and data. Over a half billion parameters, signals, measurements, and metadata entries are all stored in a relational database accessed by an extensive object-oriented multi-technology software framework that includes stored procedures, real-time transactional database triggers and constraints, and coupled Java and C++ software libraries to handle the information interchange and validation requirements. Significant resources were applied to schema design to enable management of processing methods and station parameters, responses and metadata.
DTIC
Calibrating; Computer Programs; Data Processing; Information Management
20100015572 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization, Vienna, Austria
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing System
Brown, David J.; Brachet, Nicolas; Le Bras, Ronan; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516580; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) is exploring methods to enhance the current operational infrasound processing system at the International Data Centre (IDC) for infrasound data recorded by the International Monitoring System (IMS). Several enhancements are under development and are currently being tested. The first enhancement is the incorporation of methods for determining signal amplitude. The following signal amplitudes are being determined for each infrasound detection: peak-to-peak amplitude, root mean squared (RMS) amplitude, and instantaneous amplitude as revealed by the analytic trace via the Hilbert Transform. Initial efforts consider a variety of frequency bands, with the utility in network processing being of primary importance. A second enhancement is the incorporation of station noise characterization in terms of the power spectral density (PSD). This determines the noise field
254
at each station for various times of day and as a function of season. This information is useful in determining network detection capability.
DTIC
Augmentation; Data Processing; Infrasonic Frequencies
20100015818 Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, Mexico
Experience at the CENAM With Time and Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Molina-Lopez, Victoria; Jardon-Aguilar, Hildeberto; Vega-Duran, Jose T; Lopez-Romero, J M; Dec 1996; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516775; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516775
The Time and Frequency Division of the Centro Nacional de Metrologia (CENAM) in Mexico has been working along two years with two high-stability signals reception systems: GPS and LORAN-C. We have determined the frequency stability of these systems using a cesium standard as the national reference. In Mexico this kind of research had not been done until now. In this paper a general review about advantages and disadvantages of different frequency and time dissemination systems is given. Then we expose the results of experimental research on frequency stability of GPS and LORAN-C for an averaging time of from 1 s to 1 day for different observation days. Finally we present the results of experimental research on electromagnetic interference around GPS receiver antenna, delay, and attenuation introduced by the transmission line. A time difference measurement system developed by staff of CENAM at the National Research Council (NRC) in Canada is used in order to calculate the frequency stability. Time domain measurements to calculate frequency stability for GPS and LORAN-C systems are employed.
DTIC
Cesium; Frequency Standards; Global Positioning System; LORAN; Radio Receivers; Time Measurement
20100015824 Aerospace Testing Alliance, Arnold AFB, TN USA
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and
Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
Davis, Jr , Milt W; Hale, Alan A; Klepper, Jason; Mar 2010; 472 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516808; AEDC-TR-09-T-19; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516808
AEDC has invested in the full spectrum of compression system analysis simulations. The main emphasis of this report is to provide an overview and specific examples of the compression system codes developed over the last 40 years at AEDC and how they may benefit the test and evaluation capability. A historical perspective of the code development and applications are presented to provide the reader with a sense of continuity between the development process and the application process.
Code applications are presented to provide the reader with a sense of what can be done with each of the codes and when to use them and at what fidelity. Finally, the technical approach is presented to provide the reader with a detailed explanation of how each code works and the basic assumptions.
DTIC
Evaluation; Mach Number; Molecular Weight; System Effectiveness; Turbine Engines; Turbines; Turbomachinery
20100015828 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on
Operator Performance
Cosenzo, Keryl; Parasuraman, Raja; Pillalamarri, Krishna; Feng, Theodric; Sep 2009; 32 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-62716AH70
Report No.(s): AD-A516827; ARL-TR-4933; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516827
Robotic technology will be a vital component of future combat. However, the combination of robotic operational tasks with other traditional military tasks will create high workload peaks during military operations. The objective of this research is to develop and evaluate flexible automation strategies to aid the operator in this complex military environment. In this experiment, we evaluated the effect of an automation that was invoked based on task load. Participants conducted a military reconnaissance mission using a simulation that required them to use an unmanned air vehicle sensor for target detection, monitor an unmanned ground vehicle, and respond to multi-level communications. Participants completed 16 missions in the
255
environment, during which task load and automation were manipulated. The results of this experiment showed that operator performance did improve when the automation, an aided target-recognition system for the unmanned air vehicle, was invoked, relative to when it was not invoked. Further, when automation was appropriately applied (high task-load conditions), workload decreased significantly. This data, along with the results of other experiments discussed in this report, indicate that adaptive automation may be a useful mitigation strategy to help offset the potential deleterious effects of high cognitive load on U.S.
Army robotic operators in a multitasking environment.
DTIC
Adaptation; Automatic Control; Drone Vehicles; Operator Performance; Robotics; Targets
20100015860 Armstrong Lab., Brooks AFB, TX USA
Mental Rotation, Pictured Rotation, and Tandem Rotation in Depth
Niall, Keith K; Jan 1997; 55 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1123
Report No.(s): AD-A516927; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516927
The mental rotation effect in depth is qualitatively different from mental rotation in the picture plane. The magnitude of angular difference in depth that is depicted between two static shapes has been thought to predict mean response time for same-different comparisons on shapes in the mental rotation effect. The tandem rotation effect provides a counterexample to that hypothesis. Two planar shapes are depicted as separated by a small and fixed angular difference in depth; the pair of shapes is then depicted as tilted in depth. Mean response time to compare these shapes varies nearly linearly with the magnitude of the yoked rotation - though angular difference is held constant. The slope of this response time function is very close to that for single rotation in depth. The tandem effect supports a claim that mean response time varies as a function of the change in area of planar shapes that are depicted to rotate away from the picture plane, rather than as a function of the angular difference of one shape from another. The tandem rotation effect is not found to obtain for rotations in the picture plane. A conclusion drawn from these and other results is that an hypothesis of mental rotation is neither necessary nor sufficient to explain changes in response times for the simultaneous comparison of planar shapes pictured in depth. A piecewise continuous trigonometric function is proposed to describe response times for the comparison of planar shapes that are depicted to rotate in depth. The characteristic Shepard-Metzler response time function for complex solids in depth is shown to be a definite integral of that trigonometric function.
DTIC
Depth; Mental Performance; Rotation; Visual Perception
20100015880 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary Blurring Techniques
Parham, Jr, James D; Mar 2010; 141 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-10-299
Report No.(s): AD-A517004; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-22; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517004
Protecting software from adversarial attacks is extremely important for DoD technologies. When systems are compromised, the possibility exists for recovery costing millions of dollars and countless labor hours. Circuits implemented on embedded systems utilizing FPGA technology are the result of downloading software for instantiating circuits with specific functions or components. We consider the problem of component hiding a form of software protection. Component identification is a well studied problem. However, we use component identification as a metric for driving the cost of reverse engineering to an unreasonable level. We contribute to protection of software and circuitry by implementing a Java based component identification tool. With this tool, we can characterize time required for carrying out adversarial attacks on unaltered boolean circuitry. To counter component identification methods we utilize boundary blurring techniques which are either semantic preserving or semantic changing in order to prevent component identification methods. Furthermore, we will show these techniques can drive adversarial cost to unreasonable levels preventing compromise of critical systems.
DTIC
Blurring; Boundaries; Computer Programming; Reverse Engineering; Security; Software Engineering
256
20100015882 Monopole Research, Thousand Oaks, CA USA
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 5: Construction of the Human Head Model
Nov 30, 2009; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-C-0006
Report No.(s): AD-A517009; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517009
A precise model of the cochlea and its vicinity is essential for reliable numerical simulation which could discern between different mechanisms of energy transfer to the human ear. Therefore, a significant fraction of our effort was devoted to the construction of a sufficiently detailed and anatomically faithful model of the ear (its outer, middle, and inner parts). The model we constructed consists of the following parts: (1) the outer ear represented by its exterior surface, the surface of the auditory canal including the tympanic membrane, modeled as a finite-thickness surface; (2) the middle ear, modeled as a surface of the system of ossicles and supporting structures; (3) the inner ear, modeled as a set of surfaces representing the boundaries of the cochlea, the vestibule, and the semi-circular canals; (4) the skull, described by the surface of the bone; (5) the outer surface of the skin surrounding the skull; and (6) a homogeneous material filling the space between the skull and the inner ear. For tests of noise-protection devices, we also included a model of a helmet and the material layer filling the space between the helmet and the surface of the head. We stress that all the geometry components -- skull, skin, inner ear, middle ear, outer ear, and helmet -- are mutually compatible and matched to one another. Some representative examples of the geometry details are presented in Figures 1 to 8.
DTIC
Anatomy; Construction; Ear; Ear Protectors; Skull
20100016035 Air Force Office of the Civil Engineer, Washington, DC USA
Rapid Prototyping: Leapfrogging into Military Utility
Walden, Randy; Apr 16, 2008; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517370; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Asymmetric threat has a very short timeline for change: 1. COTS timeline available to threats; 2. WWW used by threat;
3. DoD Acquisition has relatively long timeline; 4. Limited access to COTS; 5. Budget process is multi-year; 6. Complex systems stress definition of requirements/architecture; 7. Requirement trade-offs delay system; 8. Only as fast as slowest element; Force Protection (e.g., IEDs); Homeland Defense concerns Faster evolution of traditional threats.
DTIC
Budgeting; Commercial Off-the-Shelf Products
20100016047 Queensland Univ., Brisbane, Australia
Casbar User’s Guide
Gollan, Rowan J; O’Flaherty, Brendan T; Jacobs, Peter A; Johnston, Ian A; Nov 2009; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517407; DSTO-GD-0594; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Collaborative Australian Ballistics Research code, Casbar, is a simulation tool for the analysis of the interior ballistics of guns. The code solves a two-phase, axisymmetric form of the governing equations for the flow of gas and particulates in the gun, and accommodates multiple projectiles within the simulation. Casbar is also suitable for investigating intermediate ballistics, and can alternatively be used as a general compressible flow solver. Casbar supports user-customised types of deterred or undeterred propellant grain, flexible definition of initial conditions and ignition sources, and various constitutive submodels for simulating interphase drag and intergranular stress. This document, the Casbar User’s Guide, explains the use of the code and available options, and provides a worked example with corresponding input files.
DTIC
Computational Fluid Dynamics; Computer Programs; Computerized Simulation; Interior Ballistics
20100016055 Georgia Univ., Athens, GA USA
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
Miller, William L; Jan 2008; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0219
Report No.(s): AD-A517437; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Our long-term objective is to develop a robust set of algorithms for the global ocean to provide accurate surface UV
257
attenuation and CDOM retrieval from remotely sensed ocean color for use in optical, photochemical, and photobiological investigation. The central objective of this project is to generate new, high quality optical data sets for a variety of darker coastal systems to be used in evaluating SeaUV algorithms and retraining them for accurate use in the highly variable optical conditions typical of nearshore waters. Previous ONR funding in our lab produced two improved and ready-to-use algorithms
(SeaUV and SeaUVC) detailed in Fichot (2004) and Fichot et al. (2008). These algorithms are used for estimating
Kd(320-490) and ag(320) from measurements of spectrally resolved remote sensing reflectance, Rrs(lambda). Our general approach for this project is to collect new in situ optical data sets for inshore and dark waters, apply the SeaUV algorithms to this new data set for evaluation of current predictive capability, and incorporate these new data into the training data set for evaluation of improved predictive capability using new dark trained algorithms. The final product will be a single model that will predict Kd(UV) and ag(lambda) from ocean color in optical domains ranging from the clear open ocean to the dark waters found in close proximity to the coast. We will then apply these trained algorithms to independent data sets where possible for validation.
DTIC
Accuracy; Algorithms; Darkness; Marine Environments; Oceanographic Parameters; Optical Properties; Seas
20100016056 Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR USA
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal Ocean
Davis, Curtiss O; Jan 2008; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0237
Report No.(s): AD-A517438; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Navy has a requirement to rapidly and covertly characterize the coastal environment in support of Joint Strike
Initiatives. Over the past 12 years we have demonstrated that spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing is the best approach to covertly acquire data on shallow water bathymetry, bottom types, hazards to navigation, water clarity and beach and shore trafficability to meet those requirements. The long term goal of this work is to put a hyperspectral imager capable of making the appropriate measurements in space to demonstrate this capability. The objective of this work is to put a hyperspectral imager in space to demonstrate the ability to covertly acquire data on shallow water bathymetry, bottom types, hazards to navigation, water clarity and beach and shore trafficability. The proposed activities are designed to move us closer to flying either the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) or the Coastal Ocean Imaging Spectrometer (COIS) or both to demonstrate the spaceborne capability, to advance methods of processing and analyzing hyperspectral data of the coastal ocean and to enhance community awareness of the need for hyperspectral imaging of the coastal ocean.
DTIC
Bathymeters; Coasts; Imagery; Imaging Spectrometers; Imaging Techniques; Oceans
20100016063 Army Command and General Staff Coll., Fort Leavenworth, KS USA
Visualizing War Visual Technologies and Military Campaign Planning
Paz, Richard D; Jan 2003; 25 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517446; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The School of Advanced Military Studies (SAMS) uses commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software (Microsoft
PowerPoint) as a medium for conveying military campaign plans. According to SAMS users, this visual method is limited in that it represents events, concepts and information in a singular fashion, i.e. it leads users and audiences to linear and sequential conceptions of battlespace and decision-making. The general problem of information conveyance has been the subject of previous research in the systems analysis, decision theory, and communications fields and presents itself as a critical field of study for military and business applications. What other visual technologies will enable users/planners to depict and communicate a plurality of ideas, concepts of simultaneity and concomitant event relationships?
DTIC
Computer Programs; Military Operations; Planning; Warfare
20100016067 NATO Undersea Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote Sensing SRS Technique
Trees, Charles; Jan 2008; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-WX-2-1355
Report No.(s): AD-A517453; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
To test and validate the Submerged Remote Sensing (SRS) technique on a large Case I optical database that has been
258
collected by the Center for Hydro-Optics and Remote Sensing, San Diego State University since 1990. The purpose of this work is to determine the optical properties of the atmosphere and water column using the SRS technique by knowing only the absolute downwelling irradiance at two wavelengths at a known depth, for a given date, time and position. It is straight forward to calculate the total path transmittance (a single value representing the combined water and atmospheric attenuation) by knowing the extra-terrestrial solar spectral irradiance, date, time, latitude and longitude. The difficulty is determining the two component parts of attenuation separately. The SRS approach was to make measurements at two wavelengths and then use them in a set of equations, to solve for the separate attenuations. This required models describing the attenuation coefficients of sea water and the atmosphere and how they changed with wavelength for a variety of turbidities. Using the knowledge about the optical characteristics of the atmosphere and seawater it is possible to compute the transmission of light through the atmosphere, the air-water interface and through the water to a given depth under a set of environmental conditions.
The pair of irradiances values is then used to perform the inverse computation to calculate the diffuse attenuation coefficient of the water, K(lambda), and the optical depth of the atmosphere for the two wavelengths. It has been shown that there exists an apparent spectral relationship between K(lambda) and the various water types found in the open ocean. The SRS was originally validated using a limited number of optical stations (54, n = 221) and fast scanning Multispectral Environmental
Radiometers (MERs, Biospherical Instruments, Inc.).
DTIC
Attenuation; Evaluation; Oceans; Optical Properties; Radiance; Radiant Flux Density; Radiometers; Remote Sensing;
Remote Sensors; System Effectiveness
20100016103 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Enabling Coordination During Security, Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
Mittu, R; Guleyupoglu, S; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517560; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The emergence of Department of Defense Directive 3000.05 is enabling Security, Stabilization, Transition, and
Reconstruction (SSTR) operations to become a core U.S. military mission. These operations are now given equal priority to combat operations. The immediate goal in SSTR is to provide the local populace with security, restore essential services, and meet humanitarian needs. The long term goal is to help develop indigenous capacity for securing and maintaining essential services. Therefore, many SSTR operations are best performed by indigenous groups, with support from foreign agencies and professionals. However, SSTR operations in response to large-scale disasters may benefit from military involvement. This article describes a conceptual portal, Share- InfoForPeople, that incorporates advanced Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) to enable collaboration, coordination, and information sharing across the civil-military boundary during
SSTR operations.
DTIC
Coordination; Disasters; Security; Telecommunication
20100016125 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay Detachment
Gignilliat, R; Miller, C; Jan 2008; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517628; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Increasingly, U.S. Navy ships are operating in the littorals where they may be exposed to many threat weapons and sensors. NRL uses infrared (IR) propagation and signature models to predict ship vulnerability and to evaluate the effectiveness of current and proposed self-defense systems against IR threats that are more prevalent in the littorals. Ship signature models are also being heavily used during the design phase for many of the Navy’s new ship programs, such as
DDG-1000, CVN-21, and CG(X). Reliance on the predictions of the models requires a validation of the model accuracy. With well-instrumented measurements of physical phenomena, a confirmation of the model predictions can be achieved. For this purpose, NRL organized and participated in the NATO SAPPHIRE (Ship and Atmospheric Propagation PHenomenon
InfraRed Experiment) trial.
DTIC
Chesapeake Bay (US); Detachment; Evaluation; Infrared Detectors; Infrared Radiation; Infrared Signatures; Models;
Sapphire; Ships; Signatures; System Effectiveness
259
20100016132 BDM International, Inc., McLean, VA USA
The Threat Related Attrition (THREAT) System Casualty Estimation Facility Model
Fertal, Martin J; Aug 1992; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517648; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The U.S. Air Force Human Systems Division. Operational Analysis Systems Division (HSD/YAO) and its contractor.
BDM International, Inc., are developing a series of computer simulation models to estimate wartime personnel attrition on airbases. Casualty estimation in structures subjected to the effects of conventional munitions is a key part of this effort. This paper presents the methodology developed to estimate such casualties, and compares model results to historical and recent
Gulf War events. While primarily focused on the effects of munitions against personnel in facilities, the underlying approach is felt applicable to a wide variety of problems in which an estimation of the effects of explosives against personnel is required.
DTIC
Casualties; Computer Programs; Injuries
20100016270 Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp., Herndon, VA USA
Simulation for Dynamic Situation Awareness and Prediction III
Trott, Kevin; March 2010; 96 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0017; Proj-459S
Report No.(s): AD-A516768; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This is a Final Technical Report documenting the Simulation for Dynamic Situation Awareness and Prediction (DSAP)
III project, and the lessons learned during its performance. It is submitted by Northrop Grumman Corp. for the Air Force
Research Laboratory (AFRL), Decision Support Systems Branch (RISB), under Contract FA 8750-06-C-0017, in accordance with CLIN 0002, CDRL A006. This report includes tasks such as the Joint Synthetic Battlespace for Research and
Development (JSB-RD) distributed simulation environment and describes the scenarios that were generated and exercises using that capability; the JView Coordinate, Orientation, and Vector Conversion Services software; the Distributed Mission
Operations (DMO) Test Harness (DMOTH) software; and the NSim simulation software, and how it was interfaced with the
JSB-RD distributed simulation environment. Lessons learned, conclusions and recommendations are presented.
DTIC
Distributed Interactive Simulation; Military Operations; Simulation
20100016290 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Developing an Effective and Efficient Real Time Strategy Agent for Use as a Computer Generated Force
Weissgerber, Kurt; March 2010; 137 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516703; AFIT/GCS/ENG/10-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Computer Generated Forces (CGF) are used as units or people in military training and simulation. The use of CGF significantly reduces the time and money required for effective training. Real Time Strategy (RTS) games place players in control of a large force whose goal is to defeat the opponent. The military setting of RTS games makes them an excellent platform for the development and testing of CGF. While significant research has been done into RTS agent development, most of the developed agents are only able to exhibit good tactical behavior. By analyzing prior games played by an opposing agent, an RTS agent could determine the opponent’s strengths and weaknesses and develop a strategy which neutralizes the strengths and capitalizes on the weaknesses. It could then execute this strategy in an RTS game. This research develops the Killer Bee
Artificial Intelligence (KBAI). KBAI takes a classifier for the RTS domain, uses it to generate an effective counter-strategy, and executes the tactics required for the strategy.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Real Time Operation
260
62
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Includes computer networks and distributed processing systems. For information systems see 82 Documentation and Information
Science . For computer systems applied to specific applications, see the associated category.
20100014799 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Proteus: New Insights for a New Age. The Proteus Futures Academic Workshop (CSL, Issue Paper, Volume 10-06,
October 2006)
Waddell, Bill; Wimbish, Bill; Oct 2006; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515565; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Proteus Management Group (PMG) hosted the first annual Proteus Futures Academic Workshop 22-24 August 06 at the Center for Strategic Leadership, USA Army War College at Carlisle Barracks. This workshop was focused on providing scholars from various organizations the opportunity to present papers on topics and issues related to the Proteus Insights that addressed future strategic national security challenges. Workshop participants were from a variety of nations, disciplines, and backgrounds, and included: students and faculty from universities, colleges and military service schools; government civilian and military senior leaders, planners and analysts from joint agencies, the uniformed services and the national intelligence community; former political appointees, and international representatives from Canada and Israel. This initial workshop was the culmination of a year of inaugural activities and centered on scholarly research, study and writing by interested individuals and organizations. The workshop plenary sessions consisted of five different panels that provided a variety of topics for the presenters and panelists to consider. Panelists who had submitted workshop papers were given the opportunity to explain their theses during panel sessions and take questions from the other panelists and participants. A total of 17 papers were presented.
DTIC
Proteus; Security
20100014895 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Message Bus Architectures - Simplicity in the Right Places
Smith, Dan; [2010]; 11 pp.; In English; Space Ops 2010, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014895
There will always be a new latest and greatest architecture for satellite ground systems. This paper discusses the use of a proven message-oriented middleware (MOM) architecture using publish/subscribe functions and the strengths it brings to these mission critical systems. An even newer approach gaining popularity is Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs). SOAs are generally considered more powerful than the MOM approach and address many mission-critical system challenges. A
MOM vs SOA discussion can highlight capabilities supported or enabled by the underlying architecture and can identify benefits of MOMs and SOAs when applied to differing sets of mission requirements or evaluation criteria.
Author
Message Processing; Service Oriented Architecture; Applications Programs (Computers); Computer Systems Programs;
Satellite Communication
20100015030 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing Network (ICON) Renewal
Paduan, Jeffrey D; Jan 2002; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-WR-20086
Report No.(s): AD-A516311; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516311
The Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing Network (ICON) is a partnership of government, academic, and industrial entities funded by the National Ocean Partnership Program (NOPP). Its goal is to bring together modern measurement technologies, to develop new technologies, and to integrate them within a data assimilating coastal ocean circulation model.
The objectives of the project are to evaluate the several real-time observing systems as components of future coastal monitoring networks as well as sources for data-assimilating numerical models.
DTIC
Coasts; Computer Networks; Ocean Models; Oceans
261
20100015158 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Developing a Qualia-Based Multi-Agent Architecture for Use in Malware Detection
Birrer, Bobby D; Mar 2010; 113 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516367; AFIT/DCS/ENG/10-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Detecting network intruders and malicious software is a significant problem for network administrators and security experts. New threats are emerging at an increasing rate, and current signature and statistics-based techniques are not keeping pace. Intelligent systems that can adapt to new threats are needed to mitigate these new strains of malware as they are released.
This research detects malware based on its qualia, or essence rather than its low-level implementation details. By looking for the underlying concepts that make a piece of software malicious, this research avoids the pitfalls of static solutions that focus on predefined bit sequence signatures or anomaly thresholds. This research develops a novel, hierarchical modeling method to represent a computing system and demonstrates the representation’s effectiveness by modeling the Blaster worm. Using
Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Support Vector Machines abstract concepts are automatically generated that can be used in the hierarchical model for malware detection. Finally, the research outlines a novel system that uses multiple levels of individual software agents that sharing contextual relationships and information across different levels of abstraction to make decisions.
This qualia-based system provides a framework for developing intelligent classification and decision-making systems for a number of application areas.
DTIC
Computer Viruses; Detection
20100015182 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
Figliola, Patricia M; Nakamura, Kennon H; Addis, Casey L; Lum, Thomas; Mar 17, 2010; 27 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516461; CRS-R41120; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The openness and the freedom of expression allowed through blogs, social networks, video sharing sites, and other tools of today’s communications technology has proven to be an unprecedented and often disruptive force in some closed societies.
Governments that seek to maintain their authority and control the ideas and information their citizens receive are often caught in a dilemma: they feel that they need access to the Internet to participate in commerce in the global market and for economic growth and technological development, but fear that allowing open access to the Internet potentially weakens their control over their citizens. Legislation now under consideration in the 111th Congress would mandate that U.S. companies selling
Internet technologies and services to repressive countries take actions to combat censorship and protect personally identifiable information. Some believe, however, that technology can offer a complementary and, in some cases, better and more easily implemented solution to some of those issues. They argue that hardware and Internet services, in and of themselves, are neutral elements of the Internet; it is how they are implemented by various countries that is repressive. Also, Internet services are often tailored for deployment to specific countries; however, such tailoring is done to bring the company in line with the laws of that country, not with the intention of allowing the country to repress and censor its citizenry. This report provides information regarding the role of U.S. and other foreign companies in facilitating Internet censorship by repressive regimes overseas. The report is divided into several sections: * Examination of repressive policies in China and Iraq, * Relevant U.S. laws, * U.S.
policies to promote Internet freedom, * Private sector initiatives, and * Congressional action. Two appendixes describe technologies and mechanisms for censorship and circumvention of government restrictions
DTIC
Internets; Policies
20100015220 DeWitt Army Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, VA USA
Defense Medical Human Resources System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case Study on Compliance and Accuracy
Wilder, Morris E; Jun 2, 2009; 67 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516543; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Defense Medical Human Resources System-internet (DMHRSi) is a web-based, tri-service, human resource management system that was created to standardize human resource management processes and to allow for greater accountability of medical resources throughout the military health system. The system requires the input of complete and accurate time card data to allow for the collection and distribution of human resources information for corporate decision-making on military health care. DeWitt Army Community Hospital has struggled with user compliance in the completion of DMHRSi time cards. Non-compliance has caused delays in processing time card data that is needed by decision makers. The organization also has problems with maintaining the accuracy of time card data within DMHRSi. The study shows that both compliance and the accuracy of data can be improved. The study recommends leaders increase their
262
involvement in promoting compliance and accuracy, ensure users have adequate education regarding DMHRSi, and use an organizational change model to improve user compliance and accuracy throughout the organization.
DTIC
Human Resources; Information Systems; Internets; Personnel Management; Resources Management
20100015243 Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington, DC USA
The American Revolution in Military Affairs
Owens, William A; Jan 1996; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516597; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We use the term revolution in military affairs (RMA) a lot today. It comes up in briefings at the Pentagon. Journalists and academics write about it. We discuss it within the Armed Forces and with military leaders from other nations. That is as it should be, for RMAs can be disturbing. They demand considerable debate and dialogue if we are to master them. So what is the current RMA? Where does it stand today? And where will it go? As the essays in this issue of JFQ suggest, the revolution is alive, healthy, growing, and stirring the debates, insights, and passions which accompany rapid and significant innovation, especially in the USA. Indeed, the world will increasingly refer to the American RMA, for while military thought outside this country reflects some aspects of what is underway, it is here that the discussion is deepest and the technologies that drive the revolution are most robust. And it is here that the integration of those technologies with each other and with military organization and doctrine has already begun.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Research and Development; Situational Awareness; Technology Utilization
20100015249 Naval Medical Research Inst., Bethesda, MD USA
A Case Study on TRICARE Online Web-enabled Appointing: Improving Utilization Rates at Navy Medical Treatment
Facilities
Guckeyson, Yen; Oct 20, 2009; 51 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516609; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In an effort to leverage emerging technology and address the growing beneficiary demand for online healthcare transactions, the Department of Defense (DoD) introduced TRICARE Online (TOL). The anticipated benefits included greater access to care, enhanced patient satisfaction, increased control of scheduling, and reduced operating costs (TRICARE
Management Activity, 2006). In reality, across the board realization of benefits never materialized. Each user, regardless of service affiliation or Medical Treatment Facility (MTF) assignment, endures similar frustrations when navigating TOL features; therefore, problems associated with system-user interface fail to answer why variations in enrollment and utilization rates exist among the services. This study follows an explanatory structure to identify key drivers of poor TOL utilization among Navy MTF beneficiaries when compared to those of Army and Air Force and recommends two courses of action based on observed best practices. These recommendations include the implementation of an enterprise-wide TOL Policy mandating the online booking of a set percentage of all Primary Care appointments and active support of TOL policy by senior Navy healthcare executives through applicable and effective promotional and training initiatives.
DTIC
Internets; Navy; Scheduling
20100015504 NATO Research and Technology Organization, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
Guide to Modelling and Simulation (M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
Vallerand, Andrew L., et al.; February 2010; 100 pp.; In English; CD-ROM contains full text document in PDF format
Report No.(s): RTO-TR-MSG-062; AC/323(MSG-062)TP/286; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01 , CD-ROM; A05 , Hardcopy
A fundamental objective of NATO and one of the highest priorities of the NATO Allied Command Transformation (ACT) is to take full advantage of Network-Enabled Capabilities (NEC) to build a robust, globally interconnected network environment for data sharing. This Guide discusses how modelling and simulation (M&S) can be applied to NEC, from
Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E), Acquisition, Training, Exercises, and Operations, to enhance military effectiveness and transformation, and prepare for the security challenges of the future. This Guide structures ‘Best Practices’ of M&S around ‘Key Principles’ in each chapter, provides real world Case Studies, and offers evidence-based advice to achieve the following objectives: 1) Ensure that allied defence capability programs are truly able to support future force capabilities from CD&E, Material Acquisition, Training, Exercises to Operations; 2) Document the principles in real world practice, for both military capabilities and DAT capabilities; and 3) Provide evidence-based advice on how a nascent NEC can
263
be influenced by M&S from CD&E to Operations. This Report documents 24 Key M&S Principles in support of NATO
Network-Enabled Capabilities (NNEC) of interest to Armed Forces, Governments, Industry and Academia, concerned about military and Defence Against Terrorism capabilities.
Author
Simulation; Computer Networks; Models; Systems Engineering; Data Processing; Military Technology; Mission Planning
20100015538 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Zeidler, James R; Garcia-Luna, J J; Hua, Yingbo; Haykin, Simon; Jafarkhani, Hamid; Javdi, Tara; Jensen, Michael;
Krisnamurthy, Srikanth; Milstein, Laurence; Proakis, John; Aug 2009; 125 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0224
Report No.(s): AD-A515846; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515846
Recent developments in communication systems technology promise to greatly improve the performance of point-to-point communications for both commercial and tactical networks. These developments include the use of electronically steerable antenna arrays, space-time multiple input multiple output (MIMO) signal processing techniques, and improved techniques for error correction. In this project we will address the challenging question of how these technological developments can best be exploited in a tactical networking context, where signal interference and channel uncertainty issues have a tremendous impact on end-to-end system performance. Tactical applications pose unique requirements for the network, including decentralized control to eliminate single points-of-failure, vulnerability to jamming and electronic warfare, and mission critical latency bounds for end-to-end data delivery. Moreover, a tactical network is generally composed of mobile nodes and the routing protocols must deal with a range of node mobilities and time varying channel conditions. Consequently this project is focused on the design of ad hoc networking architectures that utilize MIMO transmitters and receivers at each node. The goal of this program is to define the best way to utilize multiple transmit and receive antennas at each node to improve the robustness, capacity, and quality of service of the network.
DTIC
Communication Networks; End-to-End Data Systems; Point to Point Communication; Signal Processing; Transmitters
20100015670 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Context based configuration management system
Gawdiak, Yuri O., Inventor; Gurram, Mohana M., Inventor; Maluf, David A., Inventor; Mederos, Luis A., Inventor; March 2,
2010; 23 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed August 25, 2006; US-Patent-7,672,969; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/513,429; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015670
A computer-based system for configuring and displaying information on changes in, and present status of, a collection of events associated with a project. Classes of icons for decision events, configurations and feedback mechanisms, and time lines
(sequential and/or simultaneous) for related events are displayed. Metadata for each icon in each class is displayed by choosing and activating the corresponding icon. Access control (viewing, reading, writing, editing, deleting, etc.) is optionally imposed for metadata and other displayed information.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Computer Techniques; Configuration Management; Metadata; Graphical User Interface
20100015981 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Human Capital Management for the USAF Cyber Force
Scott, Lynn M; Conley, Raymond E; Mesic, Richard; O’Connell, Edward; Medlin, Darren D; Jan 2010; 52 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA7014-06-C-0001
Report No.(s): AD-A517243; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In late 2006, the Air Force announced that cyberspace would constitute a new mission domain for the service, along with air and space domains. Since that announcement, the Air Force has developed an organizational construct in which Air Force
Space Command will oversee the preparation of combat-ready forces to conduct sustained offensive and defensive global operations in and through cyberspace and will present cyberspace forces to combatant commanders through a component
264
numbered Air Force. A vital component of the Air Force’s envisioned cyber capabilities is the human capital that will make up the cyber force. The human capital management and development policies will have far-reaching implications for the kind of skilled cyber force the Air Force has today and in the future. The research described in this report was sponsored by three
Headquarters USA Air Force (HAF) offices: Warfighting Integration (SAF/XC), Cyber Operations (AF/A3O-C), and the
Development Directorate within Manpower and Personnel (AF/A1D). Its objective was to identify and analyze the human capital management issues associated with the creation and management of a cyber force. The work was performed as part of a fiscal year 2007 study, USAF Specialty Code Restructuring, and conducted within the Manpower, Personnel, and Training
Program of RAND Project AIR FORCE. This documented briefing contains slides and text that describe the background, methodology, and findings of the study. It concludes with recommendations about how the Air Force should pursue the creation and management of a highly skilled cyber force. The documented briefing should be of interest to those involved in human capital management policy and the design of workforce development strategies for computer network operations capabilities in the armed forces and many government agencies.
DTIC
Combat; Computer Networks; Cybernetics; Data Transmission; Security; Warfare
20100015998 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
Naber, Nathan P; Mar 2010; 78 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517271; AFIT/GCE/ENG/10-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Errors within circuits caused by radiation continue to be an important concern to developers. A new methodology of real time fault detection and diagnostics utilizing FPGA based architectures while under radiation were investigated in this research. The contributions of this research are focused on three areas; a full test platform to evaluate a circuit while under radiation, an algorithm to detect and diagnose fault locations within a circuit, and finally to characterize Triple Design Triple
Modular Redundancy (TDTMR), a new form of TMR. Five different test setups, injected fault test, gamma radiation test, thermal radiation test, optical laser test, and optical flash test, were used to assess the effectiveness of these three research goals. Based on the five tests, the testing platform operated successfully. The detection and diagnosis algorithm was able to detect errors. The injected fault test was the only test that was able to properly diagnosis the location of the fault. The results also unexpectedly showed that the voting unit failed before any of the adders while under radiation. Dose rate versus total dose has a differing effect on the DUT. The goals of this research was met by completing a fully interchangeable and operational testing platform, an algorithm that detects and diagnosis errors in real time, and an initial evaluation of TDTMR.
DTIC
Diagnosis; Fault Detection; Field-Programmable Gate Arrays; Gamma Rays; Real Time Operation; Thermal Radiation
20100016082 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
Cyberterrorism: The Silent Threat
Navarro, J M; Feb 7, 2006; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517504; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
During the past few years, technology-dependent California has experienced numerous power outages, commonly referred to as rolling blackouts. These rolling blackouts have disabled millions of information technology (IT) users and technology-dependent organizations. A rolling blackout by itself is nothing more than a minor inconvenience, but imagine the one-two punch of a rolling blackout and an attack on U.S. infrastructure. Picture an attack orchestrated by cyberterrorists on
U.S. infrastructure in conjunction with an attack on an Air Traffic Control Center or perhaps a Nuclear Plant. If a rolling blackout can disrupt the world’s third largest economy, imagine what advanced technology in the hands of terrorists could accomplish. Cyberterrorism is not science fiction. It is a real and growing threat. As American infrastructures, including military, become more technocentric, a cyberterrorist attack is imminent. In the Marine Corps, Marines are taught to fight in tactical environments by employing a combined arms doctrine (air, land, and sea power). Many of the tools that enable
Marines to be so effective in the battlefield are based on advanced technology. Unfortunately, the availability and use of advanced technology are no longer limited to the most powerful nations or militaries in the world. This paper examines how terrorist groups are embracing technology to carry out their missions, and illustrates the impact that hacker and terrorist attacks
(i.e., monetary, informational) can have on the U.S. network infrastructure. The paper also discusses the countermeasures being used by civilian and government agencies to help mitigate these threats.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Computer Networks; Information Systems; Vulnerability
265
20100016130 Augusta State Univ., GA USA
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTP)
Topolski, Richard; Leibrecht, Bruce C; Porter, Timothy; Green, Chris; Haverty, R B; Crabb, Brian T; Feb 2010; 51 pp.; In
English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W74V8H-04-D-0045-0029; Proj-633007A792
Report No.(s): AD-A517635; RR-1919; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This document describes research conducted to create an innovative, Soldier-friendly method for developing tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP). The approach built on previously developed methodology, blending knowledge elicitation techniques and simulation-based vignettes to produce a flexible set of tools to structure and guide the TTP development process. The resulting toolbox was implemented with Soldiers to obtain feedback and ideas for improving the method. When groups of Soldiers used the toolbox to develop focused TTP, the method proved to work well with a variety of missions and tactical conditions. The clarity and quality of the tools as well as the effectiveness of the method were assessed using multiple measures. The Soldiers rated the effectiveness of the method’s various components positively. The quality of the resulting TTP increased across exercises (practice effect) and groups (resulting from toolbox improvements between groups). Lessons learned about various aspects of the methodology are included.
DTIC
Armed Forces (United States); Combat; Software Development Tools; Tactics
20100016359 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Point-Light Visualization Developer, Version 1.0 User Guide
Fullenkamp, Adam M.; August 2009; 16 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-7184
Report No.(s): AD-A516456; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report is a user guide for the Point-Light Visualization Developer, ver1.0 (PLVD1.0), a software utility developed by 711 HPW/RHPA to enable the hand digitization of point-light imagery from 2D video sequences. Although there are model-based algorithms capable of automatically digitizing human point-light walkers from 2D video imagery, such algorithms are often limited by camera perspective, object occlusion, and clothing coverage. Furthermore, users may wish to develop point-light representations of objects in a video sequence other than humans. While manually intensive, PLVD1.0
allows the user the flexibility to create point-light video images from a diverse range of 2D video sequences for purposes of human perception/cognition studies and time series analysis of fiducial motion. Ultimately, this software is intended to facilitate the analysis of human and object motion.
DTIC
Light (Visible Radiation); Visual Perception
20100016368 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
The Science and Technology of Cyber Operations
Jabbour, Kamal; Adams, Scott; Gorniak, Mark; Humiston, Todd; Hurley, Patrick; Klumpe, Herb; Ratazzi, Paul; Repak, Paul;
Sessler, Brian; Sidoran, James; Siegfried, Jason; Tadda, George; Tirenin, Walt; Vestal, Thomas; Te Air Force Space Command
Journal High Frontier; May 2009; Volume 5, No 3, pp. 11 - 15; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4519; 62702F
Report No.(s): AD-A516556; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-55; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Air Force Research Laboratory provides the science and technology (S&T) vision, leadership, and products that enable the USA Air Force (USAF) to accomplish its mission to fly, fight, and win in air, space, and cyberspace. The dependence on cyberspace of US weapon systems, critical infrastructure, financial institutions, and our way of life creates an imperative to operate freely in this domain. The USAF vision of global vigilance, global reach, and global power depends vitally on the ability to dominate cyberspace through integrated defensive and offensive operations across blue, red, and gray cyber systems, as well as across the global cyberspace commons. This article describes an S&T perspective on cyber operations within the focus necessary to operate in a contested cyber domain and to assure critical military missions in land, sea, air, and space against threats in cyberspace.
DTIC
Electronic Warfare; Research and Development; Technologies
266
63
CYBERNETICS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS
Includes feedback and control theory, information theory, machine learning, and expert systems. For related information see also
54 Man/System Technology and Life Support .
20100014930 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Learning Latent Variable and Predictive Models of Dynamical Systems
Siddiqi, Sajid M; Oct 2009; 191 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-01-2-0550; NBCHD030010
Report No.(s): AD-A515929; CMU-RI-09-39; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515929
In this thesis we propose novel learning algorithms that address the issues of model selection, local minima and instability in learning latent variable models. We show that certain ‘predictive’ latent variable model learning methods bridge the gap between latent variable and predictive models. We also propose a novel latent variable model, the Reduced-Rank HMM
(RR-HMM), that combines desirable properties of discrete and real-valued latent-variable models. We show that reparameterizing the class of RR-HMMs yields a subset of PSRs, and propose an asymptotically unbiased predictive learning algorithm for RR-HMMs and PSRs along with finite-sample error bounds for the RR-HMM case. In terms of efficiency and accuracy, our methods outperform alternatives on dynamic texture videos, mobile robot visual sensing data, and other domains.
DTIC
Algorithms; Dynamical Systems; Machine Learning; Predictions; Robotics
20100014931 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
Lytle, Alan M; Saidi, Kamel S; Stone, William C; Shneier, Michael; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515930; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515930
The NIST Construction Metrology and Automation Group, in cooperation with the NIST Intelligent Systems Division, is researching robotic structural steel placement as part of a project to develop an Automated Steel Construction Testbed. The initial phase of this project centers on tracking a six degree-of-freedom robotic crane with a laser-based site measurement system to provide position feedback for autonomous steel assembly. Follow-on efforts will use a high-resolution LADAR scanner co-registered with the site measurement system to provide world model data. The combination of these two advanced metrology systems provides an opportunity for testing performance characteristics of mobile intelligent systems.
DTIC
Reliability Analysis; Robotics; Robots; Steels
20100014935 Vrije Univ., Brussels, Belgium
Lifelike Robotic Collaboration requires Lifelike Information Integration
Cottam, Ron; Ranson, Willy; Vounckx, Roger; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515939; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515939
This paper is directed towards the definition of a systemic characteristic suitable for the intelligent core of a cooperative robot. A major issue in developing cooperative systems is the nature and degree of their autonomy. It is rare (rather, impossible!) that a communicated set of instructions for carrying out a task will be exhaustively complete, and with the passage of time the instruction set and the task’s requirements often diverge. Neither complete dependence on control by a human master, nor complete autonomy from control is suitable or desirable within such a context, but it is as yet unclear how a satisfactory context-dependent intermediate modus can be developed which is conducive to cooperation while not stifling any preexistent or nascent capability for creative problem-solving. We believe that detailed examination of a number of more general aspects of system operation should predate attempts at defining performance measures for intelligent systems per se.
DTIC
Robotics; Robots
267
20100014960 Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA USA
Refactored Characteristics of Intelligent Computing Systems
Landauer, Christopher; Bellman, Kirstie L; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516021; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516021
We have discussed the following measurable characteristics of intelligent behavior in computing systems: (1) speed and scope of adaptability to unforeseen situations; (2) rate of effective learning of observations; (3) accurate modeling and prediction of the relevant external environment; (4) speed and clarity of problem identification and formulation; (5) effective association and evaluation of disparate information; (6) identification of more important assumptions and prerequisites; (7) creation and use of symbolic language. In this paper, we isolate some common underlying capabilities for these characteristics, and show how they can all be produced using those capabilities. We describe the architecture of a system that has all of these underlying capabilities, using our Wrapping integration infrastructure to coordinate and organize a large collection of models and other computational resources. In particular, these models include complete models of the system’s resources and processing strategies, and therefore a model of its own behavior, which it can use to affect that behavior.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Complex Systems; Computers
20100014961 Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Lab., Idaho Falls, ID USA
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous DOE Environments
Bruemmer, David J; Marble, Julie L; Dudenhoeffer, Donald D; Anderson, Matthew O; McKay, Mark D; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516023
In Robotics and Intelligent Machines in the U.S. Department of Energy: A Critical Technology Roadmap, the DOE has identified the potential for Robots and Intelligent Machines (RIM) to greatly reduce cost, improve worker health and safety, augment product quality and increase overall productivity. In its long-term vision, the DOE has predicted that such RIM capabilities will be as pervasive and indispensable for the DOE and national interests as the PC is today. However, for this vision to be realized, critical issues pertaining to the interaction of humans and intelligent machines must be further explored and new technologies developed. In terms of time, cost and safety, ‘usability’ may well prove to be the most crucial component of RIM systems for remote handling of radioactive and hazardous materials and a wide variety of other operations. In this paper we examine the metrics used by the DOE to compare baseline radiation survey techniques with a teleoperated robotic survey recently conducted at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). Further, the paper discusses the difficulties and limitations of teleoperation evident from this deployment. To meet the current and future goals of the DOE, it is absolutely necessary to move beyond teleloperation and develop robot intelligence that can be interleaved with human intelligence to mitigate these difficulties. In response to this need, the INEEL has developed a mixed-initiative robotic system which can shift modes of autonomy on the fly, relying on its own intrinsic intelligence to protect itself and the environment as it works with human(s) to accomplish critical tasks.
DTIC
Hazardous Materials; Robotics; Robots
20100014981 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Representing Ground Robotic Systems in Battlefield Simulations
Fields, M; Aug 2002; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516066; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516066
As the Army continues to develop robotic systems for combat and combat support missions. It needs to also develop representations of intelligent system performance for its battlefield simulation tools. These simulation tools differ considerably in their level of abstraction, flexibility, and scale. Constructing the actual performance model requires the model to consider three factors: (1) the purpose of the particular simulation study, (2) the overall fidelity of the target simulation tool, and (3) the elements of the robotic system that are relevant to the simulation study. In this paper, we discuss a framework for modeling robotic system performance in the context of a battlefield simulation tool. We apply this framework to a model of the Demo
III robotic system used in the OneSAF simulation tool.
DTIC
Robotics; Simulation
268
20100014983 University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA
Task Performance Metrics in Human-Robot Interaction: Taking a Systems Approach
Burke, Jennifer L; Murphy, Robin R; Riddle, Dawn R; Fincannon, Thomas; Aug 2004; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516069; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516069
Performance metrics for human-robot interaction in urban search and rescue (USAR) are just beginning to appear in the literature as researchers try to establish a way of describing and evaluating human-robot task performance in this high-risk, time-critical domain. In this paper we propose that human-robot interaction metrics should focus on the work system as a whole, examining the robot’s effects on human task performance within the over-arching context of human work. Moreover, these effects should be examined within the context of real-time human performance in field settings, rather than in simulation or experimental environments. This position stems from a basic assumption that we are interested in measuring human-robot interaction in USAR because we want to see how it affects and aids human performance in this time and safety-critical environment. We present a methodology for collecting data in the field and subsequent analysis using the Robot-Assisted
Search and Rescue Coding System (RASAR-CS), specifically developed for this domain. The RASAR-CS allows us to capture (1) basic verbal and non verbal communications describing the task and how it is accomplished (what is being said, by who to whom); (2) situation awareness information requirements (from the robot and other sources) - for developing and maintaining situation awareness, including the ability to capture changing requirements over time; (3) team processes enabling coordinated activities, efficient communication and strategy planning; and (4) human-robot interaction in terms of: robot-operator initiated robot activities, and physical interaction with robot.
DTIC
Human Performance; Robots; Tasks
20100014987 De La Salle Univ., Manila, Philippines
Measuring Cooperative Robotic Systems Using Simulation-Based Virtual Environment
Hu, Xiaolin; Zeigler, Bernard P; Aug 2004; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DMI-0122227
Report No.(s): AD-A516077; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516077
Simulation-based study plays an important role in experimenting, understanding, and evaluating intelligent robotic systems. While robot models can be created and studied in a simulated environment, replacing some of the robot models with their real robot counterparts brings simulation-based study one step closer to the reality. It also provides the flexibility to allow real robots to be experimented within a virtual environment. This capability of robot-in-the-loop simulation is especially useful for large-scale cooperative robotic systems whose complexity and scalability severely limit the possibility for study and evaluation in a physical environment with real robots. This paper presents a simulation-based approach that allows a cooperative robotic system to be effectively evaluated in a virtual environment with combined real and virtual robots. This capability adds to conventional simulation-based study to form an integrated measuring process. An example of robotic convoy system is presented together with metrics to measure the formation coherence of cooperative robotic system. Some preliminary simulation results are presented.
DTIC
Robotics; Simulation
20100014990 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling Techniques
Cassimatis, Nicholas L; Trafton, J G; Schultz, Alan C; Bugajska, Magdalena D; Adams, William; Aug 2002; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516081; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516081
Building systems that integrate different artificial intelligence techniques to achieve a higher level of total intelligence is very difficult. In order to build integrated systems, simplifying assumptions or abstractions are usually made when working in a specific domain. As a result of these assumptions and abstractions, the proper evaluation of integrated artificial intelligence techniques can be quite challenging. We suggest that the domain of hide and seek is a particularly well-suited task for integrating robotics and higher-level reasoning mechanisms such as computational cognitive modeling. Three different instantiations of integrated systems in the hide and seek domain, which combine cognitive-level algorithms with lower level algorithms for perception and navigation are discussed.
DTIC
Cognition; Robotics
269
20100014991 Knowledge Strategies, LLC, Potomac, MD USA
Developing Rational-Empirical Views of Intelligent Adaptive Behavior
Berg-Cross, Gary; Aug 2004; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516083; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516083
A developmental perspective is useful to understand how intelligent human behavior comes to be performed because it combines insight of evolutionary factors that enable dynamic genetic-environmental interactions within individual humans.
Such developmental adaptations may now be studied experimentally using developmental and epigenetic robots. Resulting insights is a useful step toward more complete, valid understanding of intelligent behavior, its adaptive nature and its structural roots. Taken together these broaden the concept of engineering mind to include the larger concept of development. This paper overviews recent work of evolutionary and developmental psychology, epigenetic robots and cognitive science. A synthesis of these suggest means by which the fluid nature of adaptive knowledge arises developmentally within a heterogeneous architecture adapted for adaptation itself as part of a rational-empirical process. At this top-level of intelligence, situation-specific adaptive functions are processed using a dynamic mix of belief-based, rational-empirical cognitive processes and socialized methods adjusted within human cultures. General research goals of such an integrated, consilient view of intelligence are outlined for future research.
DTIC
Psychology; Robots
20100015002 Pathway Technologies, Inc., Blue Bell, PA USA
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
Joshi, S; Slicker, M; Surianarayan, A; Aug 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516138; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516138
The objective of this effort was to leverage the principles of knowledge engineering in the ongoing development of a software tool for rapid design, simulation, prototyping and performance evaluation of Intelligent Systems in the
Matlab/Simulink environment. In this paper, we have demonstrated the use of this software tool to design a cable robot, automatically generate the kinematic and dynamic relationships for this robot and develop an automatic on-line calibration scheme for this cable robot where traditional one-time or periodic calibration methods do not provide adequate measures of performance. Hence, from the standpoint of intelligent system design and performance metrics, through this example, we demonstrate the usefulness of leveraging the principles of knowledge engineering to develop domain specific knowledge. The models so developed can be used to evaluate the performance of such robotic systems and modified to improve the performance. For example, kinematic errors such as assembly errors are likely to be introduced in the construction; faults such as joint failures are likely to be introduced in the operation. Hence, automated on-line calibration of intelligent systems (such cable robots) becomes particularly important for continuous performance evaluation (positioning accuracy) and enhancement.
DTIC
Evaluation; Performance Tests; Robots; Software Development Tools; Software Engineering
20100015009 Army Simulation Training, and Instrumentation Command, Orlando, FL USA
Comparison Methodology for Robotic Operator Control Units
Bialczak, Robert; Nida, Jonathan; Pettitt, Brian; Kalphat, Michelle; Aug 2002; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516214; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516214
Operator controls and interfaces for military unmanned systems are being developed and used in both laboratory and field research. These controls are considered to be an efficient method of controlling unmanned systems in tactical settings and scenarios. Performance comparisons of different controls and interfaces in differing tactical environments need further study.
This paper proposes a methodology of evaluating two selected controls in a laboratory experiment.
DTIC
Robotics; Robots; Simulation
270
20100015023 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for Autonomous Mobile Robots
Jacoff, Adam; Messina, Elena; Evans, John; Sep 2001; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516278; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516278
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has created a set of reference test arenas for evaluating the performance of mobile autonomous robots performing urban search and rescue tasks. The arenas are intended to help accelerate the robotic research community’s advancement of mobile robot capabilities. The arenas have been deployed in two competitions thus far and are also being used by researchers to test their systems’ capabilities. We describe the arenas, their use in competitions and our near-term and long-term plans for the arenas.
DTIC
Autonomy; Deployment; Robots; Test Facilities
20100015036 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Developing an Overwatching Fires Mission for a Team of Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Fields, Mary Anne; Sep 2003; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516334; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516334
One of the goals of the U.S. Army Ground Robotics Research Program is to develop individual and group behaviors that allow the robots to contribute to tactical missions such as interdiction and reconnaissance. By using simulation tools, we are able to develop, debug and test behaviors before porting them to actual robotic platforms. Simulation tools allow researchers to evaluate behavior performance in many environments, some of which may be difficult or dangerous to duplicate in an actual hardware test. This report describes our initial efforts to develop an over watching fires mission for team of robotic platforms.
The report concludes with a discussion of possible extensions to the basic tool.
DTIC
Fires; Robots; Simulation; Unmanned Ground Vehicles
20100015180 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA
Effective Bayesian Transfer Learning
Lozano-Perez, Tomas; Kaelbling, Leslie; Mar 2010; 92 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-05-2-0249; DARPA ORDER-AO/V102; Proj-TRLG
Report No.(s): AD-A516458; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The general theme of the project is transfer learning, i.e., the process whereby the learning process in task Y is improved by prior learning experience in task X. The project addresses transfer learning in three application areas: strategy games, robotic object manipulation, and visual object recognition.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Bayes Theorem; Machine Learning
20100015216 Syracuse Univ., NY USA
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
Varshney, Pramod K; Mohan, Chilukuri K; Mehrotra, Krishan G; May 31, 2009; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0277
Report No.(s): AD-A516533; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The main aims for the project were to develop methodologies for managing and exploiting information available from multiple heterogeneous sensors/sources under limited sensing, computation and communication capabilities. Towards these goals, we conducted research along four directions, viz., source querying strategies, information fusion algorithms, learning algorithms to model the changing nature of data sources, and algorithms to exploit spatiotemporal relationships between different sources. We addressed realistic scenarios, with constraints on communication and computational resources, and characterized by time-varying and unpredictable changes in environments with spatially mobile entities. In many such problem scenarios, the information gathering and analysis efforts are complicated by the fact that data sources may be faulty and unreliable. This motivated addressing the tasks of situation assessment using asynchronous, heterogeneous and uncertain
271
data sources. Results obtained have been documented in a number of technical publications.
DTIC
Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Detectors; Exploitation; Multisensor Fusion
20100015288 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision Making for an Abstract Game
Miller, Corey M; Mar 2010; 98 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ENG09-219
Report No.(s): AD-A516710; AFIT/GCS/ENG/10-06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Abstract strategy games present a deterministic perfect information environment with which to test the strategic capabilities of artificial intelligence systems. With no unknowns or random elements, only the competitors’ performances impact the results. This thesis takes one such game, Lines of Action, and attempts to develop a competitive heuristic. Due to the complexity of Lines of Action, artificial neural networks are utilized to model the relative values of board states. An application, pLoGANN (Parallel Lines of Action with Genetic Algorithm and Neural Networks), is developed to train the weights of this neural network by implementing a genetic algorithm over a distributed environment. While pLoGANN proved to be designed efficiently, it failed to produce a competitive Lines of Action player, shedding light on the difficulty of developing a neural network to model such a large and complex solution space.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Decision Making; Game Theory; Neural Nets; Tuning
20100015467 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA
Survey of Diagnostic Techniques for Dynamic Components
Tom, Kwok F.; January 2010; 34 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515131; ARL-TR-5082; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515131
This survey summarizes some of the diagnostic techniques that have been developed for dynamic components such as bearings and gears. There has been a tremendous amount of research related to the detection of faults in these dynamic components over the past few decades. Typically, accelerometers are the main type of sensor used to obtain vibrational signatures of the component under evaluation. Application of signal processing techniques have been studied and evaluated as it relates to the improvement of the detection process for faults that are generated in dynamic components.
DTIC
Fault Detection; Gears; Signal Processing; Surveys
20100015480 Army Research Development and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Army Robotics Technology: Evolution of Autonomy
Shoemaker, Chuck; September 2003; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515461; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Army Robotics Mission/Task: Develop an innovative, affordable, and integrated portfolio of robotics technology (air, ground, unattended sensors,...) programs and demonstrations that will: -Assess and guide the execution, integration, and transition of robotics programs and transition of robotics related and feeder technology programs; -Support development of robotic ground systems, air systems, control systems for Current, Stryker and Future forces; -Leverage national and international technical expertise; -Develop gap-filler programs.
DTIC
Autonomy; Robotics
20100015489 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
The Collins Center Update. Volume 8, Issue 3, April-June 2006
June 2006; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515668; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This issue contains the following articles: 1. Robotics Day; 2. Belize National Security Strategy Formulation Process
Workshop; 3. The Strategic Rationale for Stability Operations; 4. Strategic Leader Staff Ride Program.
DTIC
Belize; Crime; Robotics; Security
272
20100015528 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Hierarchical Architecture for Coordinating Ground Vehicles in Unstructured Environments
Lacaze, Alberto; Sep 2001; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516133; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516133
This article presents a hierarchy of planners that can be used to coordinate multiple automous vehicles for different applications. The particular architecture reduces complexity and creates a constrained representation that in turn generates a wide variety of complex behaviors. This article will concentrate on the upper levels of the hierarchy assuming that the autonomous mobility tasks can be executed by the lower levels of the hierarchy. A particular set of examples for the US
Army’s Demo III project will be presented.
DTIC
Autonomous Navigation; Mobility; Artificial Intelligence
20100015812 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing Live Training Through Virtual Preparation - Part One: An Evaluation of
Training Effectiveness
Shanahan, Christopher; Best, Christopher; Finch, Melanie; Stott, Aaron; Tracey, Eleanore; Hasenbosch, Sam; Nov 2009;
46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516754; DSTO-RR-0344; AR-014-567; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516754
This research employed a case study strategy to examine the benefits of using synthetic environments to provide mission preparation for command and control teams prior to a large-scale, live warfighting exercise. During Pitch Black 08, we compared the performance of two Air Battle Management (ABM) teams: one team prepared by supporting normal flying operations, the other took part in a virtual mission preparation exercise named Black Skies 08. The synthetic environment provided in Black Skies 08 was designed to simulate Pitch Black 08 as closely as possible in terms of mission scenarios, order of battle, airspace, procedures, and tactics. The evaluation of the training provided in the virtual mission preparation was carried out using the four-level model: Reaction, Learning, Behavioural, and Results critera. The members that participated in Black Skies 08 reported that the virtual mission preparation compared favourably to both regular training and live exercises in terms of the capacity to provide training experiences critical to the ABM role. Over the course of the virtual mission preparation, the ABM team displayed a marked improvement in teamwork processes, motivational state, and across most mission essential tasks. During the subsequent live warfighting exercise, the teamwork processes and taskwork performance of this team were rated as better overall than those of the matched ABM team that did not take part in virtual mission preparation. The virtual mission preparation also demonstrated a broader organisational and operational value to the RAAF: it provided the White Force with the opportunity to identify deficiencies in, and mitigate risks associated with, the Pitch Black mission scenarios; and it allowed the ABM team to refine their Pitch Black plans and procedures, enabling them to more effectively utilise the valuable training opportunity presented by a large-scale, live warfighting exercise.
DTIC
Combat; Education; Physical Exercise; Simulation; Training Evaluation
20100015815 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing Live Training Through Virtual Preparation -- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and Techniques
Tracey, Eleanore; Hasenbosch, Sam; Vince, Julian; Pope, Daniel; Stott, Aaron; Best, Christopher; Shanahan, Christopher;
Finch, Melanie; Jun 2009; 70 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516761; DSTO-TR-2305; AR-014-564; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516761
Exercise Black Skies 2008 (EBS08) was a simulation exercise conducted in the weeks prior to the live air combat training exercise, Pitch Black 2008 (PB08). During EBS08, a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) air battle management (ABM) team conducted a series of vignettes designed to prepare them for their tactical command and control role in PB08. A broad goal of EBS08 was to provide an environment within which a number of new simulation tools and training techniques could be evaluated and developed for future implementation within the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). The tools and techniques evaluated were: the Air Defence Ground Environment Simulator (ADGESIM), Toteboard, Air Warfare Assessment and
273
Review tool, After Action Review tools and the Team-Dimensional Training framework. These evaluations, which form the basis or this report, were informed by the observations of human factors scientists and interviews with the RAAF participants.
Participants provided extensive feedback on each tool, highlighting shortcomings and providing valuable suggestions for improvement. This feedback will guide the further development of these tools for implementation in future research exercises and in RAAF training programs. Overall, the participants found EBS08 extremely valuable and were satisfied with the quality of training they received. The simulation tools and training techniques assisted in promoting the quality of this experience and prompted participants to consider methods by which the current RAAF approach to training could be improved.
DTIC
Combat; Education; Physical Exercise; Simulation
20100015884 Baker (Wilfred) Engineering, Inc., San Antonio, TX USA
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road Networks with Vision and Lidar
Huang, Albert S; Moore, David; Antone, Matthew; Olson, Edwin; Teller, Seth; Mar 24, 2009; 21 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): HR0011-06-C-0149; ARPA ORDER-W369/00
Report No.(s): AD-A517013; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517013
This paper describes a system for detecting and estimating the properties of multiple travel lanes in an urban road network from calibrated video imagery and laser range data acquired by a moving vehicle. The system operates in real-time in several stages on multiple processors, fusing detected road markings, obstacles, and curbs into a stable non-parametric estimate of nearby travel lanes. The system incorporates elements of a provided piecewise-linear road network as a weak prior. Our method is notable in several respects: it detects and estimates multiple travel lanes; it fuses asynchronous, heterogeneous sensor streams; it handles high-curvature roads; and it makes no assumption about the position or orientation of the vehicle with respect to the road. We analyze the system’s performance in the context of the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge. With five cameras and thirteen lidars, our method was incorporated into a closedloop controller to successfully guide an autonomous vehicle through a 90 km urban course at speeds up to 40 km/h amidst moving traffic.
DTIC
Computer Vision; Multisensor Fusion; Navigation; Optical Radar; Roads
20100016050 Intelligent Automation Systems, Inc., Rockville, MD USA
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Zhang, Guangfan; Xu, Roger; Liu, Xiong; Lyell, M; Zhang, Xiaodong; Bechtel, James; Jan 12, 2010; 12 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517422; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The variability of vehicles poses a great challenge on the diagnostics and prognostics for the whole fleet with a vast number of Army ground vehicle platforms. A general diagnostics/prognostics model does not exist and it is difficult to select the best algorithm from a large amount of candidate algorithms for each specific component/subsystem/system application.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a unified framework to evaluate and select the best algorithms, and further maintain the on-vehicle algorithms by updating algorithm parameters and integrating new fleet-wide vehicle data statistics and trends. To address this problem, we propose an agent-based automated algorithm generator for fleet-wide diagnostics/prognostics, which can automatically generate the most suitable algorithm(s) for each vehicle or component in the fleet from a library of light-weight diagnostic/prognostic algorithms. When sufficient fleet-wide statistics and trending information are available, the automated algorithm generator server will automatically determine whether it is necessary to update the current vehicle algorithm configuration or select a better algorithm for on-vehicle diagnostics/prognostics. To prove the concept, we used battery diagnostics as an example to demonstrate the algorithm selection & generation process, and updating capabilities in a networked agent environment.
DTIC
Algorithms; Diagnosis
20100016087 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Improving Underwater Imaging with Ocean Optics Research
Hou, W; Weidemann, A; Gray, D; Jan 2008; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517520; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Underwater vision is vital to many Navy applications involving mine detection, diver visibility, and search and rescue.
274
The ability to see better and farther has always been a central goal of underwater imaging projects. Unlike in the atmosphere, where visibility can be on the order of miles, the visual range in the underwater environment is rather limited, at best on the order of tens of meters, even in the clearest waters. This is the result of combined attenuation effects from both absorption, where photons disappear into water molecules, phytoplankton cells, and detritus, and scattering, where photons bounce away from the original path into different traveling directions. It is mostly the effects of scattering by water and particulates that make the water look dirty or less transparent, resulting in a blurred image recorded by cameras. Although traditional image enhancement techniques can be applied to imagery obtained from underwater environments, their effectiveness is considerably limited because they do not take into account any knowledge of the optical properties of the medium or the processes that lead to the degraded images. Our efforts aim to find ways to incorporate the knowledge of ocean optics to automatically enhance and restore such blurred images from underwater imaging systems, and in turn, to be able to estimate environmental optical properties via through-the-sensor techniques.
DTIC
Absorption; Attenuation; Imaging Techniques; Oceans; Optical Properties; Photographs; Restoration; Scattering;
Underwater Photography
20100016115 RAND Corp., Arlington, VA USA
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
Woodward, Jr, John D; Oct 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517606; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the Global War on Terrorism, the relevance of biometric technology has grown exponentially. The military must achieve identity dominance, where U.S. military forces have the distinct ability to separate friend from foe by linking people to their previous identities and past terrorist or criminal activities. We can use biometric technology to achieve identity dominance and must deploy it to meet the requirements of force protection, actionable intelligence, and law enforcement.
Establishing identity dominance through a comprehensive Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS) will enable the
U.S. military to identify friend or foe to keep America safer.
DTIC
Biometrics; Dominance; Identities; Security; Terrorism; Warfare
20100016358 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
Agents Technology Research
Wright, Robert; Hudack, Jeffrey; Gemelli, Nathaniel; Loscalzo, Steven; Lue, Tsu Kong; February 2010; 57 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-558S
Report No.(s): AD-A516462; AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2010-057; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This report provides a comprehensive description of three separate efforts pursued by the agents technology research group. The efforts were focused on: state abstraction methods for reinforcement learning, the multi-agent credit assignment problem, and distributed multi-agent reputation management. State abstraction is a technique used to allow machine learning technologies to cope with problems that have large state spaces. This report details the development and analysis of a new algorithm, Reinforcement Learning using State Abstraction via NeuroEvolution (RL-SANE), that utilizes a new technology called neuroevolution to automate the process of state abstraction. The multi-agent credit assignment problem is a situation that arises when multiple learning actors within a domain are only provided with a single global reward signal. Learning is difficult in these scenarios because it is difficult for each agent to determine the value of its contribution to obtaining the global reward. In this report we describe the problem in detail and one specific approach we investigated that uses a Kalman filter to derive local rewards from global rewards. Multi-agent reputation management is important in open domains where the goals or the interests of the agents are diverse and potentially in conflict with one another. Reputation and trust can be used by the agents to determine which other agents in the system it should cooperate with and which it should not. This report details the development of the Affinity Management System (AMS), an approach for managing and learning trust in a distributed fashion that utilizes self-modeling.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Management Systems; Kalman Filters; Domains
275
64
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Includes iteration, differential and difference equations, and numerical approximation.
20100014954 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
NOT(Faster Implementation == Better Algorithm), A Case Study
Balakirsky, Stephen; Kramer, Thomas; Sep 2003; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515994; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515994
Given two algorithms that perform the same task, one may ask which is better. One simple answer is that the algorithm that delivers the best answer is the better algorithm. But what if both algorithms deliver results of similar quality? In this case, a common metric that is utilized to differentiate between the two algorithms is the time to find a solution. Measurements, however, must be performed using an implementation of an algorithm (not an abstract algorithm) and must be taken using specific test data. Because the effects of implementation quality and test data selection may be large, the measured time metric is an insufficient measure of algorithm performance and quality. In this paper we present the specific case of several different implementations of the same Dijkstra graph search algorithm applied to graphs with various branching factors. Our experimental results show that quality rankings based on time may be heavily influenced by the choice of operational scenario and code quality. In addition, we explore possible alternative ranking schemes for the specific case of Dijkstra graph search algorithms.
DTIC
Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence
20100014968 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD USA
Global Optimization via SPSA
Maryak, John L; Chin, Daniel C; Aug 2002; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00024-98-D-8124
Report No.(s): AD-A516038; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516038
A desire with iterative optimization techniques is that the algorithm reaches the global optimum rather than getting stranded at a local optimum value. In this paper, the authors examine the theoretical and numerical global convergence properties of a certain gradient free stochastic approximation algorithm called SPSA, that has performed well in complex optimization problems. They establish two theorems on the global convergence of SPSA. The first provides conditions under which SPSA will converge in probability to a global optimum using the well-known method of injected noise. The injected noise prevents the algorithm from converging prematurely to a local optimum point. In the second theorem they show that, under different conditions, basic SPSA without injected noise can achieve convergence in probability to a global optimum.
This occurs because the noise is effectively (and automatically) introduced into the algorithm by the special form of the SPSA gradient approximation. This global convergence without injected noise can have important benefits in the setup (tuning) and performance (rate of convergence) of the algorithm. The discussion is supported by numerical studies showing favorable comparisons of SPSA to simulated annealing and genetic algorithms.
DTIC
Algorithms; Approximation; Convergence; Optimization; Perturbation; Stochastic Processes
20100014986 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD USA
Multiple Neural Network Model Interpolation
Chin, Daniel C; Biondo, Albert C; Aug 2002; 10 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA972-96-D-0002
Report No.(s): AD-A516076; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516076
This paper presents an efficient method for extracting a multi-model interpolation function from a nonlinear system. The multi-model interpolation function consists of couple simplified time-varying models in neural-network structure to dynamically approximate the nature of the physical phenomena to be interpolated and extrapolated. The purpose of using the multi-model interpolation function is to perform a real-time approximation. This paper demonstrates the interpolation in a simulated environment, the underwater acoustic transmission loss generated from the NAVY-standard acoustic propagation-
276
loss model ASTRAL, which is not suited to real-time operation. The interpolation includes initial learning period that is on the order of 20 minutes (more or less time depends on the size of the parameter intervals and the complexity of the ocean environment), and the subsequent interpolation speed will be measured in fractions of a second, a several orders-of-magnitude improvement over conventional calculations. In addition, for the example presented here, the interpolation error is within 1% of the actual transmission-loss value in a root-mean-square (RMS) sense.
DTIC
Interpolation; Neural Nets
20100015160 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Configuration Tool Prototype for the Trusted Computing Exemplar Project
Welliver, Terrence M; Dec 2009; 118 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516381; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The creation of a configuration vector file used to initialize the Least Privilege Separation Kernel (LPSK) of the Trusted
Computing Exemplar (TCX) project to an initial secure state is currently a manual process that is tedious and error prone. A software application that removes many of the complexities of creating a valid configuration vector file is needed. This thesis describes the first steps taken to design and implement a graphical user interface (GUI) configuration vector tool that enables a user to easily create valid configuration vector files (both human-readable and binary). The tool allows a user to focus on the meaning of the configuration vector rather than on the syntactic details of the file. A prototype of the configuration vector tool was successfully designed, implemented, and tested in this thesis. The prototype provides the first functional GUI software application that creates configuration vector files. The logical design of the toll will permit further extensions to be readily incorporated.
DTIC
Graphical User Interface; Kernel Functions; Phase Shift Keying; Prototypes; Vector Analysis
20100015170 Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA USA
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium (RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a
Hypersonic Nozzle
Metghalchi, Mohamad H; Oct 2009; 21 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0444
Report No.(s): AD-A516408; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The rate-controlled constrained-equilibrium (RCCE) method for simplifying the kinetics of complex reacting system is reviewed. This method is based on the maximum entropy principle of thermodynamics and involves the assumption that evolution of a system can be described using few set of slowly changing constraints imposed by external and internal dynamics of the system. As a result, the number of differential and algebraic equations required to determine the constrained-equilibrium state of a system can be very much smaller than the number of species. The method has been applied to the oxidation of methane in a constant volume adiabatic chamber. The results of using 12 constraints (12 differential equations) are in perfect agreement with detailed chemistry using 29 species. The model, then, was applied to the expansion of combustion products of methane during the power stroke of an internal combustion engine. Results of using 8 constraints were in an excellent agreement with those of detailed chemistry. Reacting gas mixture through a nozzle was analyzed using detailed chemistry, and properties such as temperature and pressure as a function of location were determined. The combined analysis of flow through nozzle and rate-controlled constrained-equilibrium model has been developed and calculations are being made now.
DTIC
Equations; Explosives; Gas Flow; Hypersonic Nozzles; Nozzle Flow; Performance Prediction
20100015195 Mathematical Systems and Solutions, Inc., Pasadena, CA USA
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
Anand, Akash; Bruno, Oscar P; Feb 28, 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0436
Report No.(s): AD-A516485; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The work performed under this effort has resulted in development of variety of important computational-electromagnetics tools enabling efficient application to problems involving small geometric anomalies and associated uncertainty evaluation, including: (1) Issues related to highly efficient implementations of integral EM approaches suitable for extension to high-performance parallel solvers; (2) Surface repair and representation of openings and surface variabilities and
277
methodologies for surface repair of highly-damaged or highly-inaccurate geometry representations; (3) Consideration of issues related to uncertainty quantification for both continuous and discrete random variables, with special attention to the context of EMC/EMI, and development of adaptive stochastic collocation and reduced order modelling methods; and (4) Development of integral-equation solvers for electromagnetic scattering by wire antennas and open surfaces, with attention to solution singularities, pseudo-differential character of the integral operators, and associated spectral distributions and required numbers of GMRES iterations.
DTIC
Anomalies; Computational Electromagnetics; Differential Equations; Electromagnetic Interference; Electromagnetic
Radiation; Electromagnetism; Geometry; Random Variables
20100015208 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Scene Change Artifacts in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Temporally Changing Sources
Young, Anthony M; Mar 2010; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516513; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M16; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Improved understanding of midwave infrared (1-5 micron) spectral emissions from detonation fireballs is needed to develop phenomenological models for battle space optical forensics. The ability to measure radiance over a wide band pass at arbitrary resolutions make Fourier-transform spectrometers (FTS) an attractive tool. However, interferometer based spectroscopic measurements can be corrupted when the observed intensity changes during data acquisition. While small, random fluctuations in scene intensity translate into noise, systematic variations introduce scene-change artifacts (SCAs)into
Fourier-transformed spectrum. Approximating a detonation fireball as a blackbody radiator, modified with an atmospheric attenuation Tatm,with an exponentially cooling temperature T(t)=T0e-kt,double sided interferograms from an ideal Michelson interferometer were simulated and converted to a measured spectrum Lm to characterize the nature and magnitude of SCAs.
With T0=1500K, changing scene spectra on 0<v<7900cm-1 at delta v=0.04cm-1 resolution were computed with percent changes in T (t ) between 0 and 80%. The real part of Lm(Re{Lm})is well approximated by the instantaneous spectrum(Lzpd)at zero path difference. Differences between Re{Lm}and Lzpd (Re{lm}-Lzpd)is largest when Tatm is highly structured and these differences increase with the amount of temperature change during the measurement. Similarly, the imaginary part of Lm(Im{Lm})exhibits highly structured features whenever Tatm changes rapidly with V. In general,
Im{Lm}Re{Lm}-Lzpd agreeing with previous theoretical work and the increase in magnitude of Im{Lm}with temperature change is more pronounced than Re{Lm}-Lzpd.These trends were independent of initial temperature, spectral resolution, or choice of Tatm. For a MOPD = .5cm, a 4% reduction in temperature during a single scan produced an RMS value of Lzpd.
DTIC
Emission; Fourier Transformation; Measurement; Spectroscopy
20100015292 Florida Environmental Research Inst., Tampa, FL USA
Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Hyperspectral Very Shallow Water (VSW) Products
Bissett, W P; Jan 2008; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0622
Report No.(s): AD-A516714; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This one-year effort will focus on the transition of FERI’s machine learning algorithms for HyperSpectral Imagery (HSI) in the VSW into a distributable code set. This will provide a stable code platform for the application and transition of machine learning-based hyperspectral classification techniques into 6.3/6.4 programs. (This work was funded mid-year 2008.) Our objective is to focus on three areas of application research and transitions. First, we will transition our machine learning-based algorithms and computer code for the determination of bathymetry, bottom type, and water column Inherent Optical Properties from HyperSpectral Imagery (HSI) into a deliverable Message Passing Interface (MPI) program that may be easily used by other research and military operators. Second, we will use this program to determine the impacts of the granularity of the classification database on the inversion bathymetry, bottom type, and IOPs. Third, we will move beyond the use of single pixel
HSI inversion to the use of spatial context-filtering to remove pixel-topixel noise inherent in the HSI data.
DTIC
Algorithms; Imagery; Machine Learning; Shallow Water
278
20100015465 Air Force Research Lab., Eglin AFB, FL USA
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and Navigation Fusion
Soloviev, Andrey; Touma, Jimmy; Klausutis, Timothy; Miller, Mikel; Rutkowski, Adam; Fontaine, Kyle; February 2010;
25 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2303; 61102F
Report No.(s): AD-A515136; AFRL-RW-EG-TR-2010-013; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515136
The integration of vision sensors and inertial navigation system (INS) can enable precision navigation capabilities in the absence of GPS. Inspired from biological systems, a multi-aperture vision processing system allows for accurate self-motion
(egomotion) estimation by observing optical flow across all apertures. The multi-aperture approach is particularly well suited for resolving motion-ambiguity by providing a wide field of regard for detecting and tracking visual features (optical flow).
This paper presents a data fusion approach for multi-aperture sensors that integrates the vision processing into a single unified frame of reference by projecting imagery from each aperture onto the unit sphere centered on the navigation frame. The unit sphere projection allows for the seamless integration of multiple apertures into the more natural angle-angle space of the navigation frame of reference. As a first step in evaluating the multi-aperture processing strategy, algorithms are evaluated based on simulated data. The results presented clearly show the advantage of coupling the inertial system with a multi-aperture optical system.
DTIC
Algorithms; Apertures; Image Motion Compensation; Image Processing; Multisensor Fusion; Navigation; Signal Processing
20100015746 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
A Model and Methods for Regional Travel-Time Calculation
Myers, Stephen C.; Ballard, Sanford; Rowe, Charlotte A.; Wagner, Gregory S.; Antolik, Michael S.; Phillips, W. Scott;
Ramirez, Abe L.; Begnaud, Mike L.; Pasyanos, Mike E.; Dodge, Doug A.; Flanagan, Megan P.; Hutchenson, Kevin D.; Barker,
Glenn T.; Dwyer, John J.; Russell, David R.; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC52-07NA27344; AC04-94AL8500
Report No.(s): AD-A516354; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516354
This project develops a model and methods for routine computation of regional travel times for crustal events anywhere on the globe. To improve on existing methods, the travel time calculations must capture the effect of the three-dimensional
(3D) earth, yet the computation must be exceedingly efficient. We achieve global coverage by defining a seamless global tessellation of nodes with spacing of approximately 1 degree. Three-dimensional crustal structure is captured by interpolating
P- and S-velocity depth profiles at each node. Mantle structure is approximated by a linear velocity gradient (as a function of depth) at each node. The linear gradient parameterization in the mantle enables an analytical approximation for the diving
Pn/Sn ray that allows computation of travel times in approximately 1 millisecond. Regional Pg and Lg propagation are approximated with a ray traveling horizontally along a mid-crustal layer. At local distance, P and S travel times are computed using the layered velocity structure under the station. The starting model is a hybrid of the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL)/Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) unified model, which is a 3D geophysical compilation spanning
Eurasia and North Africa, and CRUST2.0 elsewhere. These 3D models are adapted to the linear gradient parameterization using mantle velocities at the Moho and at 130-km depth. At 130-km depth the velocity of is predominantly derived from
2SMAC. We refine the Eurasian and North African portion of the model using a tomographic formulation that adjusts the average crustal velocity, Pn and Sn velocity, and the mantle gradient at each node. Our tomographic data consists of approximately 700,000 validated regional arrivals from events with known locations or locations meeting accuracy criteria.
DTIC
Interpolation; Crusts; Capture Effect; Velocity Distribution
20100015870 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
An Empirical Study of Re-sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error Estimates in Split-plot Designs
Lee, Benjamin M; Mar 2010; 243 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516960; AFIT/OR-MS-ENS-10-06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516960
For any acquisition program, whether Department of Defense (DOD) or industry related, the primary driving factor
279
behind the success of a program is whether or not the program remains within budget, stays on schedule and meets the defined performance requirements. If any of these three criteria are not met, the program manager may need to make challenging decisions. Typically, if the program is expected to not stay within budget or is expected to be delayed for one reason or another, the program manager will tend to limit areas of testing in order to meet these criteria. The result tends to be a reduction in the test budget and/or a shortening in the test timeline, both of which are already lean. The T&E community needs new test methodologies to test systems and gain insight on whether a system meets performance standards, within the budget and timeline constraints. In particular, both fundamental and advanced aspects of experimental design need to be adapted. The use of experiential design within DOD has continued to grow because of the needed adaptation. Many different types of experiments have been used. An experimental design that is often needed is one that involves a restricted randomization design such as a split-plot design. Split-plot designs arise when specific factors are difficult (or impossible) to vary, a frequent occurrence within the T&E community. However, split-plot designs have limitations on the estimation of the whole plot (hard to change) and sub plot (easier to change) errors without the conduct of a sufficient number of replications for the design.
Within the timeline constraints for particular programs, sufficient replications are difficult, even impossible to complete. The inability to conduct the sufficient replications often lead to models that lack precision in error estimation and thus imprecision in corresponding conclusions.
DTIC
Acquisition; Error Analysis; Sampling
20100015874 Delegation Generale de l’Armement, Arcueil, France
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
Dufourd, D; Dalgalarrondo, A; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516976; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516976
In this paper, we present a methodology to assess the results of image processing algorithms for unstructured road edges detection and tracking. We aim at performing a quantitative, comparative and repetitive evaluation of numerous algorithms in order to direct our future developments in navigation algorithms for military unmanned vehicles. The main scope of this paper is the constitution of this database and the definition of the assessment metrics.
DTIC
Algorithms; Detection; Evaluation; Performance Tests; Roads; Tracking (Position)
20100015881 Monopole Research, Thousand Oaks, CA USA
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Nov 30, 2009; 3 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-C-0006
Report No.(s): AD-A517008; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517008
A new method of evaluation of matrix elements of the monopole and dipole terms of the Green’s function appearing in volumetric integral equations in acoustics and elasticity is presented. The procedure offers both analytical simplicity and accuracy. It does not require the conventional singularity extraction procedure and it offers improved computational efficiency since it reduces six-dimensional volumetric integrals to four-dimensional surface integrals with nonsingular integrands. The
Galerkin method is used in the evaluation of matrix elements. As the result we obtained a set of semi-analytical, numerically stable expressions for all matrix elements of integral equation operators appearing in first order volumetric integral equations, second order volumetric integral equations, as well as those appearing in the surface equivalent formulation integral equations applicable to geometries composed of an arbitrary number of piecewise homogeneous material regions. The paper on this subject is in preparation.
DTIC
Acoustics; Bioacoustics; Ear Protectors; Elastic Properties; Evaluation; Galerkin Method; Green’s Functions; Integral
Equations; Operators (Mathematics); Psychoacoustics; System Effectiveness; Tetrahedrons
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20100015925 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical
Models
Ueckermann, Mattheus P; Sep 2009; 171 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-1061; N00014-08-1-1097
Report No.(s): AD-A517212; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517212
A new generation of efficient parallel, multi-scale, and interdisciplinary ocean models is required for better understanding and accurate predictions. The purpose of this thesis is to quantitatively identify promising numerical methods that are suitable to such predictions. In order to fulfill this purpose, current efforts towards creating new ocean models are reviewed, an understanding of the most promising methods used by other researchers is developed, the most promising existing methods are studied and applied to idealized cases, new methods are incubated and evaluated by solving test problems, and important numerical issues related to efficiency are examined. The results of other research groups towards developing the second generation of ocean models are first reviewed. Next, the Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving advection-diffusion problems is described, including a discussion on schemes for solving higher order derivatives. The discrete formulation for advection-diffusion problems is detailed and implementation issues are discussed. The Hybrid Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG)
Finite Element Method (FEM) is identified as a promising new numerical scheme for ocean simulations. For the first time, a DG FEM scheme is used to solve ocean biogeochemical advection-diffusion-reaction equations on a two-dimensional idealized domain, and p-adaptivity across constituents is examined. Each aspect of the numerical solution is examined separately, and p-adaptive strategies are explored. Finally, numerous solver-preconditioner combinations are benchmarked to identify an efficient solution method for inverting matrices, which is necessary for implicit time integration schemes. From our quantitative incubation of numerical schemes, a number of recommendations on the tools necessary to solve dynamical equations for multiscale ocean predictions are provided.
DTIC
Biogeochemistry; Galerkin Method; Ocean Models; Oceans; Two Dimensional Models
20100016101 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and Compatibility for Operational Test and Evaluation
Sjoberg, B; Szymanski, A; Walters, J; Durbin, J; Malloy, D; Will, I; Phillippi, E; Mamaril, C; Lilley, K; Dettmar, H; Bowen,
A; Mistry, Z; Ortiz, V; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517557; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
There is an ongoing threat of radio-controlled improvised explosive devices (RCIED) being used against coalition troops in Iraq and Afghanistan, and countering these devices is a top priority for the Department of Defense. The Joint Improvised
Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) initiated the Counter RCIED Electronic Warfare (CREW) program for this purpose. Builder CREW Modeling and Simulation Tool (CMAST), a modification of the Interactive Scenario Builder software program developed by the Advanced Tactical Environmental Simulation Team (ATEST), has been designated as the primary modeling and simulation tool for the CREW effort. Builder CMAST provides a user-friendly graphical interface to simulate the radio frequency (RF) capabilities of a number of different CREW systems. The software uses physics-based models to accurately compute signal levels in the presence of varying terrain, objects, soil conditions, atmospheric conditions, and other situations. The results of simulations are used to determine a CREW system’s effectiveness at suppressing the operation of various enemy communication links.
DTIC
Compatibility; Computerized Simulation; Controllers; Electronic Warfare; Evaluation; Explosive Devices; Explosives;
Models; System Effectiveness
20100016342 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam Theories and the Sinc Method Based on Interpolation of Highest Derivative
Slemp, Wesley C. H.; Kapania, Rakesh K.; Tessler, Alexander; [2010]; 21 pp.; In English; International Conference on
Computational and Experimental Engineering and Sciences (ICCES’ 10), 28 Mar. - 1 Apr. 2010, Las Vegas, NV, USA;
Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 984754.02.07.07.15.04
Report No.(s): NF1676L-10329; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016342
Computation of interlaminar stresses from the higher-order shear and normal deformable beam theory and the refined
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zigzag theory was performed using the Sinc method based on Interpolation of Highest Derivative. The Sinc method based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative was proposed as an efficient method for determining through-the-thickness variations of interlaminar stresses from one- and two-dimensional analysis by integration of the equilibrium equations of three-dimensional elasticity. However, the use of traditional equivalent single layer theories often results in inaccuracies near the boundaries and when the lamina have extremely large differences in material properties. Interlaminar stresses in symmetric cross-ply laminated beams were obtained by solving the higher-order shear and normal deformable beam theory and the refined zigzag theory with the Sinc method based on Interpolation of Highest Derivative. Interlaminar stresses and bending stresses from the present approach were compared with a detailed finite element solution obtained by ABAQUS/Standard. The results illustrate the ease with which the Sinc method based on Interpolation of Highest Derivative can be used to obtain the through-the-thickness distributions of interlaminar stresses from the beam theories. Moreover, the results indicate that the refined zigzag theory is a substantial improvement over the Timoshenko beam theory due to the piecewise continuous displacement field which more accurately represents interlaminar discontinuities in the strain field. The higher-order shear and normal deformable beam theory more accurately captures the interlaminar stresses at the ends of the beam because it allows transverse normal strain. However, the continuous nature of the displacement field requires a large number of monomial terms before the interlaminar stresses are computed as accurately as the refined zigzag theory.
Author
Interlaminar Stress; Computer Programs; Equilibrium Equations; Strain Distribution; Measure and Integration; Elastic
Properties; Bending Fatigue
20100016362 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA
InfraMonitor: A Tool for Regional Infrasound Monitoring
Arrowsmith, Stephen J.; Whitaker, Rod; September 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396
Report No.(s): AD-A516431; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
With the recent increase of regional infrasound deployments, there is a need for tools that can be applied to networks of infrasound arrays in order to generate robust event catalogs. We present a new tool for regional infrasound monitoring that performs signal detection, association, and event location for networks of infrasound arrays. First, an algorithm for robust signal detection is presented, which utilizes an adaptive noise hypothesis, compensating for variable ambient noise. We show that the adaptive detection scheme performs significantly better than standard detection schemes in the presence of correlated noise. Next, we present a robust method for the association and location of infrasound events recorded at multiple arrays. A
Matlab toolbox with a GUI interface, InfraMonitor 1.0, has been developed that incorporates this suite of algorithms for regional infrasound monitoring. An outline of the InfraMonitor 1.0 package is presented. A computer demonstration of
InfraMonitor 1.0 will be available at the 2008 Monitoring Research Review meeting.
DTIC
Graphical User Interface; Infrasonic Frequencies; Signal Detection
65
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Includes data sampling and smoothing; Monte Carlo method; time series analysis; and stochastic processes.
20100014906 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA
Exemplar Models as a Mechanism for Performing Bayesian Inference
Shi, Lei; Griffiths, Thomas L; Feldman, Naomi; Sanborn, Adam N; Jan 2010; 59 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0351
Report No.(s): AD-A515845; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515845
Probabilistic models have recently received much attention as accounts of human cognition. However, most research using probabilistic models has focused on formulating the abstract problems behind cognitive tasks and their optimal solutions, rather than considering mechanisms that could implement these solutions. Exemplar models are a successful class of psychological process models that use an inventory of stored examples to solve problems such as identification, categorization, and function learning. We show that exemplar models can be used to perform a sophisticated form of Monte
Carlo approximation known as importance sampling, and thus provide a way to perform approximate Bayesian inference.
Simulations of Bayesian inference in speech perception, generalization along a single dimension, making predictions about
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everyday events, concept learning, and reconstruction from memory show that exemplar models can often account for human performance with only a few exemplars, for both simple and relatively complex prior distributions. These results suggest that exemplar models provide a possible mechanism for implementing at least some forms of Bayesian inference.
DTIC
Bayes Theorem; Cognition; Inference; Neurology
20100014956 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Application of Markov Random Fields to Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
Torrione, Peter; Collins, Leslie; May 21, 2008; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516001
Outline: * Consider various modeling techniques for GPR data * Incorporating statistical parameterization of transmission line models * Implications of proposed statistical model for pre-screener development * Results and Conclusions/Future Work
DTIC
Ground Penetrating Radar; Markov Processes; Mine Detectors; Mines (Ordnance); Radar Data
20100015031 MRDS, Inc., Bellaire, TX USA
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and
Control
Orr, Shlomo; Aug 2002; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516317; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516317
Traditional predictions of flow and transport in porous media are based on mass balance equations in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs), where the flux at every point is defined by Darcy’s law, q = -K(del)h, i.e., the flux is proportional to hydraulic head gradient, where K is the hydraulic conductivity of the medium (a tensor or a scalar; essentially, a material property); it is further assumed that Darcy’s law applies to transient multiphase flow in three dimensions. The solutions of these PDEs constitute groundwater models, oil reservoir simulators, geothermal models, and models of flow and transport in soils/vadosezone. Due to the similarity between the linear Darcy’s law and Ohm’s law in electricity, Fourier law in heat conduction, and Hooke’s law in elasticity, such models (or PDE solutions) are similar and commonly interchangeable between these fields.
DTIC
Decision Support Systems; Fuzzy Systems; Image Resolution; Porosity; Stochastic Processes
20100015174 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Leland, Anne; Oboroceanu, Mari-Jana; Feb 26, 2010; 31 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516440; CRS-RL32492; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report is written in response to numerous requests for war casualty statistics and lists of war dead. It provides tables, compiled by sources at the Department of Defense (DoD), indicating the number of casualties among American military personnel serving in principal wars and combat actions. Wars covered include the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the
Mexican War, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam Conflict, and the Persian Gulf War. Military operations covered include the Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission, Lebanon Peacekeeping,
Urgent Fury in Grenada, Just Cause in Panama, Desert Shield and Desert Storm, Restore Hope in Somalia, Uphold Democracy in Haiti, and the ongoing Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). For the more recent conflicts, starting with the Korean War, more detailed information on types of casualties, and, when available, demographics have been included. This report also cites sources of published lists of military personnel killed in principal wars and combat actions. The report will be updated as events warrant.
DTIC
Casualties; Death; Military Operations; Military Personnel; Warfare
283
20100015271 Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA USA
An Unsupervised Learning Approach for Facial Expression Recognition using Semi-Definite Programming and
Generalized Principal Component Analysis
Gholami, Behnood; Haddad, Wassim M; Tannenbaum, Allen R; Jan 2010; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): P41 RR-13218; EB00549
Report No.(s): AD-A516659; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, we consider facial expression recognition using an unsupervised learning framework. Specifically, given a data set composed of a number of facial images of the same subject with different facial expressions, the algorithm segments the data set into groups corresponding to different facial expressions. Each facial image can be regarded as a point in a high-dimensional space, and the collection of images of the same subject resides on a manifold within this space. We show that different facial expressions reside on distinct subspaces if the manifold is unfolded. In particular, semi-definite embedding is used to reduce the dimensionality and unfold the manifold of facial images. Next, generalized principal component analysis is used to fit a series of subspaces to the data points and associate each data point to a subspace. Data points that belong to the same subspace are shown to belong to the same facial expression.
DTIC
Algorithms; Principal Components Analysis
20100015293 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
Renz, Thomas; Macula, Anthony; Mar 2010; 39 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-232T
Report No.(s): AD-A516715; AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2010-072; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
In this project, a synthetic Deoxyribonucleic Acid, DNA-based memory called ComDMems (Combinatorial DNA
Memories) was developed. The research focused on the application and implementation of combinatorial based information theory and group testing to create associative DNA memories and to retrieve information stored in these DNA memories by chemical and electro-chemical means. This research demonstrates that this combinatorial method can feasibly yield billions of covert and synthetic DNA memory strands that carry object and process information. A key component of this innovation is the combinatorial method of bio-memory design and detection that encodes item or process information as numerical sequences represented in DNA. ComDMem is a content addressable memory (CAM) as opposed to a standard random access memory (RAM). A standard RAM goes directly to a physical address and returns the contents. ComDMem achieves CAM when multiple parallel PCR probes, specific for certain pieces of information search, the ComDMem for memories that contain these pieces of information. In this way all memories associated with a concept(s) can be retrieved and decoded in parallel.
A visualization model was created and a tiled display system was built to provide high resolution display of large images for verification of probe-strand interactions.
DTIC
Associative Memory; Combinatorial Analysis; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Information Theory
20100015468 Science Applications International Corp., McLean, VA, USA
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Weitz, Ronald L.; Case, David R.; Chehata, Mondher; Egbert, Stephen D.; Mason, Carol L.; Singer, Harvey A.; Martinez,
Daniel G.; McKenzie-Carter, Michael A.; Shaw, Robert S.; Stiver, John S.; November 2009; 266 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): HDTRA1-07-C-0015
Report No.(s): AD-A516015; DTRA-TR-09-13; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516015
Summaries of the individual sections of this report are provided in this executive summary. Each heading within this summary is labeled with the section number of the narrative report for easy reference to additional details and discussion.
Introduction (1) and Background (2) In October 2007, the Veteran’s Advisory Board on Dose Reconstruction (VBDR) recommended that the Nuclear Test Personnel Review (NTPR) Program develop procedures to perform probabilistic uncertainty analyses for Radiation Dose Assessments (RDAs) (VBDR, 2007). Specifically, the NTPR standard operating procedures should specify whether uncertainty estimates from individual sources are independent or correlated and when and how uncertainties should be propagated. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) tasked Science Applications
International Corporation (SAIC) to investigate methods that could be used for conducting analyses for NTPR RDAs (DTRA,
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2007b). In response, SAIC identified the effort’s main goal to develop and demonstrate a methodology and its enabling computational tools to perform probabilistic radiation dose assessments for NTPR atomic veterans. The objectives identified for the study are addressed in Section 1. The NTPR Program’s reconstructed radiation doses for atomic veterans have traditionally employed methods using high-sided estimates for parameters that are difficult to characterize, but were considered to overestimate actual doses and therefore provided reliable upper bounds. In a 2003 review of DTRA’s dose reconstruction program, a committee of the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS/NRC) concluded that although central estimates of reconstructed doses for external gamma exposures were valid in most cases, upper bounds could not always be shown to be at least as great as a 95 percent upper confidence limit (NRC, 2003).
DTIC
Dosage; Nuclear Explosions; Probability Theory; Radiation Dosage
20100015595 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air Force Tactical Air Control Party
Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part B
Wells, Timothy S.; Knerl, Christopher J.; Webb, Timothy S.; March 2010; 15 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516685; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
To understand personal characteristics associated with passing qualification training for entry into the US Air Force
Tactical Air Control Party career field. Candidates were enrolled at initiation of training and participation in outdoor activities, high school sports, size of home town, use of dietary supplements, exercise regimens prior to training initiation, and demographic data was collected through a survey. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore characteristics associated with training success. Results In multivariable logistic regression modeling, candidates who successfully completed training were significantly more likely to have body mass indexes of 25 or more, to not have reported use of dietary supplements, and to have spent ten or more hours per week strength training in the three months prior to survey completion. Potentially modifiable personal characteristics were identified that may positively influence training success among Tactical Air Control Party candidates.
DTIC
Armed Forces (United States); Augmentation; Biodynamics; Education; Military Personnel; Multivariate Statistical Analysis
20100016041 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA
Human Factors Reach Comfort Determination Using Fuzzy Logic
Wojcik, Frank A; Dec 17, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517381; TARDEC-20251RC; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Integration of electronic equipment into confined spaces can create issues with the comfortable movement of an individual that must occupy and work within that space. The areas of movement that may be affected include, but are not limited to ingress, egress, reach, or clearances within that confined space. Complicating the confined space is if the space must conform to a large segment of the physical population (i.e. 5th percentile female through 95th percentile male). Fuzzy logic is used to define the range of comfort for the reach of a 5th percentile female and the range of comfort for the reach of a 95th percentile male. Utilizing the computer software, the high comfort zone shared by the 5th percentile female and 95th percentile male is identified, as are good comfort zones and low comfort zones. Defining these zones will create envelopes of good design practices which will account for the space required by the operator for basic physiological functions, in this case the individual’s reach. The models are verified using hypothetical data and real data when possible. Data sources are provided.
Computer simulation results of the proposed model are presented.
DTIC
Comfort; Fuzzy Systems; Human Factors Engineering
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66
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Includes mathematical modeling of systems; network analysis; mathematical programming; decision theory; and game theory.
20100014908 Charles River Analytics, Inc., Cambridge, MA USA
Enhancing Simulation-Based Training Adversary Tactics Via Evolution (ESTATE)
Rosenberg, Brad; Mar 15, 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-09-C-0050
Report No.(s): AD-A515857; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515857
The following is the Contractor’s Quarterly Status Report for the subject contract for the indicated period. During this reporting period work has concentrated on Task 2: Develop Mitigation Methods, Task 3: Enhance Adaptation Techniques, and
Task 4: Develop Trainee Model Processing. During this reporting period, we researched, implemented, and evaluated a method for coevolution of strategy based game players and game challenges to prepare for use in ESTATE-based training. We also mined the existing MoneyBee data set with our academic partner, Brandeis University.
DTIC
Computer Assisted Instruction; Education; Simulation; Tactics
20100014920 Izmir Inst. of Tech., Izmir, Turkey
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of Additive Input and Output Disturbances
Tatlicioglu, Enver; Xian, Bin; Dawson, Darren M; Burg, Timothy C; Nov 9, 2009; 28 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515892; CU/CRB/9/19/06-2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515892
In this paper, two controllers are developed for a class of MIMO nonlinear systems. First, a robust adaptive controller is proposed and proven to yield semi-global asymptotic tracking in the presence of additive disturbances and parametric uncertainty. In addition to guaranteeing an asymptotic output tracking result, it is also proven that the parameter estimate vector is driven to a constant vector. In the second part of the paper, a learning controller is designed and proven to yield a semi-global asymptotic tracking result in the presence of additive disturbances when the desired trajectory is periodic. A continuous nonlinear integral feedback component is utilized in the design of both controllers and Lyapunov-based techniques are used to guarantee that the tracking error is asymptotically driven to zero. Numerical simulation results are presented for both controllers.
DTIC
Adaptive Control; Additives; MIMO (Control Systems); Nonlinear Systems
20100014958 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA
The Director of Innovation. Volume 4, March 2010
Jan 2010; 17 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516008; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516008
In this issue we looked at Global Technology Awareness (GTA). The topic is a critical one for the Navy, and especially true for the S&T program. As you might expect, GTA is also complex, and as a result the articles in this issue are more in depth looks at some of the current aspects and perspectives. I think we have many rich resources to meet the challenges of
GTA, and some of those are authors of articles in this issue. When we think about this notion of technology awareness we do so with the realization that the entire world is involved in championing and performing S&T. It is our role at ONR, as the organization sponsoring naval S&T, to make investments in superior S&T. To do so, it’s critical that we look not only inward but outward. I’m pleased by the breadth and depth of our understanding and collaboration with scientists and governments across the globe. But I recognize that we never know what we don’t know and that it is important that we keep searching for inventors and innovation around the world. In my own job as the Director of Innovation at ONR, I travel internationally for a variety of reasons. I recently spent a week at an Autonomy conference hosted by ONR and the NATO Underwater Research
Center in Lerici, Italy. The sophistication of thinking was humbling and I was very pleased to learn that ONR sponsors a number of world renowned scientists in the field of Autonomy. I was particularly impressed by Dr. Paul Newman of the
Robotics Research Group at the University of Oxforwhose enthusiasm was as infectious and compelling as his research results. In December of 2009, I traveled to Valparaiso, Chile for an ONR sponsored workshop on Operations Research. It is
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always interesting to watch how other Navies solve problems and I found the Chileans to be very innovative. The extreme distances between Chile, North America and Europe require innovative Naval tactics and fleet sustainment approaches.
DTIC
Military Operations; Operations Research; Research Facilities
20100014984 MRDS, Inc., Bellaire, TX USA
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
Orr, Shlomo; Aug 2004; 18 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516072; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516072
Models of complex systems can be differentiated by their ability to reproduce or generate system behavior, by their prediction power, by their robustness, or, conversely, by their sensitivity to inputs and parameters; by their uncertainty (if captured); and by their intelligence. Even the term prediction is not unique. First, a first-principle (physically based) distributed parameter model could be an excellent predictor if (a) it captures the main system behavior, and (b) its parameters and inputs are known accurately; otherwise, it would fail, possibly drastically. Second, predictive power depends on the data, on the goal, and on the time scale. For example, scheduling of pumping and injection in an oil field for maximum profit over the next 5 years; or pumping from a contaminated aquifer in order to maintain certain (low) concentration at a compliance point for the next 20 years, vs. prediction of plume migration in groundwater towards a nearby river, over time: in each case, the model has a slightly different expected function, as well as different intelligence type. The paper reviews the recent developments in subsurface fluid flow management such as optimization of oil production and groundwater remediation (both sharing similar practices, though for different purposes) as a continuous struggle to increase intelligence by (a) adapting new tools such as artificial intelligence and dynamic stochastic control; (b) attempting to integrate these tools; and (c) reducing uncertainty.
Although the systems discussed seem specific to the (mathematical) geosciences (specifically to oil reservoirs and contaminated aquifers), and although these systems are very different from man-made machines, similar rigid structure and reliance on differential-integral calculus, as well as the serial processing, knowledge evolution, and uncertainty propagation from one discipline to the next exist in most science and engineering fields, and so does the need for a paradigm shift.
DTIC
Distributed Parameter Systems; Goal Theory; Independent Variables; Intelligence; Linear Programming; Optimization
20100015001 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Randomized Routing as a Regularized Solution to the Route Cost Minimization Problem
Marbukh, Vladimir; Jan 2002; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516119; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516119
Often a link-state routing takes a form of the cost based scheme which admits an arriving request on the minimum cost route if this cost does not exceed the cost of the request, and rejects the request otherwise. Cost based strategies naturally arise as a result of optimization of the network performance or incorporating Quality of Service (QoS) requirements into the admission and routing processes. In the former case the implied cost of the resources represents expected future revenue losses due to insufficient resources for servicing future requests. In the latter case the cost of a route represents the expected level of QoS , e.g., bandwidth, delay, packet loss, etc., provided to the request carried on this route. In both cases due to the aggregation, statistical nature of the resource costs, delays in disseminating signaling information, non-steady or adversarial operational environment the cost of the resources may not be known exactly. Usually this uncertainty is modeled by assuming that resource costs are random variables with fixed probability distributions. We propose to explicitly recognize that the minimum cost route selection as an ill-posed problem and to view randomized routing as a regularized solution to this problem. We consider a specific case of regularization intended to guard against adversarial uncertainty, i.e., worst case scenario, with respect to the resource costs lying within known confidence intervals. Assuming that the network minimizes and the adversarial environment maximizes the losses resulted from non-optimal admission and routing decisions due to the uncertainty, we identify the optimal admission and routing decisions with the Nash equilibrium strategy in the corresponding game. We explicitly identify this strategy in a case of parallel, homogeneous structure.
DTIC
Costs; Optimization; Routes
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20100015034 Globe Inst. of Tech, New York, NY USA
Structured Approach to the Intelligent System Design
Polyakov, Leonid M; Aug 2002; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516322; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516322
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a science of intelligence system design. Existing definitions of intelligence don’t answer some important questions of engineering procedures. What kinds of intellectual tasks do we have? Who is more intelligent or smarter: a scientist or a wood-maker (human or machine), a metal-maker or a wood-maker? How to design a system with reasoning as the most powerful intellectual function? What is intuition? Can we design a system with intuition?. All these topics are subjects of discussion in this paper. The goal of this paper is to find active, productive may be not the best way to determine the starting position and some directions of intelligent system design.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Systems Engineering
20100015166 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell Model of Turbulence
Manna, U; Sritharan, S S; Sundar, P; May 27, 2009; 30 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516400; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this work, we first prove the existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to stochastic GOY model of turbulence with a small multiplicative noise. Then using the weak convergence approach, Laplace principle for solutions of the stochastic
GOY model is established in certain Polish space. Thus a Wentzell-Freidlin type large deviation principle is established utilizing certain results by Varadhan and Bryc.
DTIC
Mathematical Models; Stochastic Processes; Turbulence
20100015875 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Cardoso, Fabio A; Mar 2010; 174 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516981; AFIT-LSCM-ENS-10-02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516981
One of the biggest challenges for Brazilian military logisticians is to support effective jungle warfare for both real and training operations carried out by their combat forces in the Amazonian region. The jungle’s heat, humidity, and dense vegetation put significant demands on the supply chain. Further, because of the difficulties of land or air transportation, water transport is the most reasonable transportation option to sustain these deployed forces. Planners must select from among the available watercourses those whose surroundings provide stealthy navigation to the combat force location where the requested supplies can be safely unloaded. The author seeks a method of determining a path through a river network that blends short transit times with maximal shade coverage from forest growth along the riverbanks. He combines an astronomical algorithm for computing shade coverage with Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm to determine the start time and routing information necessary for a supply boat to travel from a depot to a resupply point that minimizes weighted risk, which is defined as the product of shade coverage and arc transit time.
DTIC
Amazon Region (South America); Armed Forces (United States); Brazil; Combat; Logistics Management; Navigation; Rain
Forests; Rivers; Routes; Scheduling; Tropical Regions; Warfare; Waterways
20100015980 Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering, Washington, DC USA
Statement Testimony of The Honorable Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and Capabilities
Lemnios, Zachary J; Mar 23, 2010; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517238; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Good afternoon Madam Chairwoman, Ranking Member Miller. I am pleased to be here today on behalf of the dedicated men and women working in the Department of Defense, Research and Engineering (DDR&E) enterprise who discover,
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develop, engineer, and field the critical technologies for our Service Members, and civilians deployed in the defense of our
Nation. I would like to thank the members of Congress for your continued support of the Department’s science and technology
(S&T) program and our broader research and engineering (R&E) program. Your steadfast support has allowed the Department to field technologically-based military capabilities that are unmatched anywhere in the world and provide the capability edge upon which our Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen and Marines rely. I am also honored to be joined today by leaders of the
Department’s S&T organizations who will provide testimony in support of their individual S&T efforts: Dr. Tom Killion from the Army, Rear Admiral Nevin Carr from the Navy, Dr. Steve Walker from the Air Force, and Dr. Regina Dugan from the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Their leadership of the DoD S&T community is critical to the success of our forces to meet today’s challenges and to prepare for the future. I am here today to describe the FY 2011 President’s
Budget Request (PBR-11) for science and technology, to show how prior investments have maintained our technological edge and to show how the FY 2011 investment will continue to provide critical capabilities for our Nation’s security.
DTIC
Congressional Reports; Military Technology; Research and Development; Security; Technology Assessment; Terrorism
20100016114 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA
Stockage Determination Made Easy
Girardini, Kenneth; Lackey, Arthur W; Peltz, Eric; Aug 2007; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517605; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Every brigade combat team (BCT) and support brigade in the Army has a mobile minidistribution center that stocks repair parts and perhaps also class II (clothing and individual equipment), IIIP (packaged petroleum, oils, and lubricants), and IV
(construction and barrier materials) items with national stock numbers (NSNs) in its authorized stockage list (ASL). This minidistribution center, called the supply support activity (SSA), is the key to high equipment readiness. When equipment fails and becomes not mission capable (NMC), but the needed parts are on hand in the SSA, that equipment can be returned to action very quickly. However, when the parts are not available in the supporting SSA, it can sometimes take awhile to get them, which only delays returning equipment to a mission capable status. In operations in Iraq, getting the part from the USA by air (if the part is well positioned for quick shipment) or from theater stocks in Kuwait takes an average of a little more than
10 days, with some shipments taking longer. If the item is in short supply at U.S. distribution centers, the wait can be much longer. Not having parts in the ASL sometimes leads units to take extraordinary actions, such as controlled exchanges, to get equipment back on line rather than accept lengthy downtimes on critical end items. Studies by RAND Arroyo Center have confirmed that high-performing ASLs have the greatest direct affect on equipment readiness through their impact on supply chain processes and resources. (Reliability, of course, is the other central factor affecting equipment readiness.) For example, a RAND Arroyo study at the National Training Center at Fort Irwin, California found that a 10-point swing in the ASL fill rate changed the equipment readiness rate by 4 percentage points. However, Army ASL fill rates were often under 20 percent in the late 1990s because of very limited breadths of parts and some issues concerning how depths were computed. (Breadth refers t
DTIC
Decision Support Systems; Logistics Management; Maintainability; Spare Parts
20100016139 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
Zhao, Le; Callan, Jamie; Nov 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): IIS-0707801; IIS-0534345
Report No.(s): AD-A517684; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Patent prior art retrieval aims to find related publications, especially patents, which may invalidate the patent. The task exhibits its own characteristic because of the possible use of a whole patent as a query. This work focuses on the use of date fields and content fields of the query patent to formulate effective structured queries. Retrieval is performed on the collection of patents which also share the same structure as the query patent, mainly priority dates, application date, publication date and content fields. Unsurprisingly, results show that filtering using date information improves retrieval significantly. However, results also show that a careful choice of the date filter is important, given the multiple date fields existent in a patent. The actual ranking query is constructed based on word distributions of title, claims and content fields of the query patent. The overall MAP of this citation finding task is still in the lower 0.1 range. An error analysis focusing on the lower performing topics finds that the citation finding task (given publication recommend citations, which is a very similar setup as this year’s prior art evaluation) can be very different from the prior art task (finding patents that invalidates the query patent). It raises
289
the concern that just the citations included in query patents can be a biased and incomplete set of relevance judgements for the prior art task.
DTIC
Cues; Formulations; Information Retrieval; Patents; Queueing Theory
20100016287 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Reputation-Based Trust for a Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection Scheme for Power Networks
Borowski, John F.; March 2010; 122 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-10-173
Report No.(s): AD-A516708; AFIT/GCO/ENG/10-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This thesis research explores integrating a reputation-based trust mechanism with an agent-based backup protection system to improve the performance of traditional backup relay methods that are currently in use in power transmission systems. Integrating agent technology into relay protection schemes has been previously proposed to clear faults more rapidly and to add precision by enabling the use of adaptive protection methods. A distributed, cooperative trust system such as that used in peer-to-peer file sharing networks has the potential to add an additional layer of defense in a protection system designed to operate with greater autonomy. This trust component enables agents in the system to make assessments using additional, behavioral-based analysis of cooperating protection agents. Simulation results illustrate the improved decisionmaking capability achieved by incorporating this cooperative trust method when experiencing abnormal or malicious communications. The integration of this additional trust component provides an added push for implementing the proposed agent-based protection schemes to help mitigate the impact from wide-area disturbances and the cascading blackouts that often follow. As the push for electric grid modernization continues, an agent-based trust system including this type of behavioral-based analysis will also benefit other smart components connecting critical grid control and monitoring information systems.
DTIC
Backups; Protection; Wide Area Networks
20100016289 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Performance Characteristics of a Kernel-Space Packet Capture Module
Birch, Samuel W.; March 2010; 132 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516706; AFIT/GCO/ENG/10-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research attempts to improve the efficiency of capturing network packets to disk using commodity, general-purpose hardware and operating systems. It examines the bottlenecks between NIC and disk, implements a kernel-space capture capability to improve storage efficiency, and analyzes the performance characteristics of this approach. Results show that a kernel-space NIC-to-Disk capture module is both possible and beneficial. The proof of concept PKAP kernel-space packet capture module can capture packets to disk with a packet drop rate 8.9% less than the user-space equivalent, at a 95% confidence interval. During the high levels of disk I/O contention produced by queries for the captured data, the PKAP implementation shows a 3% reduction in CPU utilization, and overall the PKAP implementation reduces memory utilization of the capture process by 16%.
DTIC
Kernel Functions; Roofs
20100016353 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Passive Ranging Using Infra-Red Atmospheric Attenuation
Macdonald, Douglas J.; March 2010; 66 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-F4FTAX9224J001
Report No.(s): AD-A516498; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Methods of estimating range to an emissive target based on the depth of an atmospheric absorption band are demonstrated.
The present work uses measurements of the CO2 absorption band centered at 2.0 microns where signal-to-background ratios are maximum for many applications. Model results, based on high-resolution transmission molecular absorption (HITRAN) database cross sections, are used to predict range accuracy at ranges of up to 50 km and are compared with short range (5km) experimental results. The spectra of 23 high explosive events were used to validate the model. Using the assumption of a blackbody spectrum, extracted ranges consistently underestimated the true range by approximately 13%. By incorporating the
290
stoichiometry of the fireball from previous research and using particulate contribution as a parameter, the error for the range estimates could be reduced to 3%.
DTIC
Atmospheric Attenuation; Infrared Radiation; Rangefinding
20100016354 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Coalition Formation Under Uncertainty
Hooper, Daylond J.; March 2010; 131 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-JON-10-194
Report No.(s): AD-A516497; AFIT/DEE/ENG/10-05; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Many multiagent systems require allocation of agents to tasks in order to ensure successful task execution. Most systems that perform this allocation assume that the quantity of agents needed for a task is known beforehand. Coalition formation approaches relax this assumption, allowing multiple agents to be dynamically assigned. Unfortunately, many current approaches to coalition formation lack provisions for uncertainty. This prevents application of coalition formation techniques to complex domains, such as real-world robotic systems and agent domains where full state knowledge is not available. Those that do handle uncertainty have no ability to handle dynamic addition or removal of agents from the collective and they constrain the environment to limit the sources of uncertainty. A modeling approach and algorithm for coalition formation is presented that decreases the collective’s dependence on knowing agent types. The agent modeling approach enforces stability, allows for arbitrary expansion of the collective, and serves as a basis for calculation of individual coalition payoffs. It explicitly captures uncertainty in agent type and allows uncertainty in coalition value and agent cost, and no agent in the collective is required to perfectly know another agents type. The modeling approach is incorporated into a two part algorithm to generate, evaluate, and join stable coalitions for task execution. A comparison with a prior approach designed to handle uncertainty in agent type shows that the protocol not only provides greater flexibility, but also handles uncertainty on a greater scale.
Additional results show the application of the approach to real-world robotics and demonstrate the algorithm’s scalability. This provides a framework well suited to decentralized task allocation in general collectives.
DTIC
Military Operations; Kalman Filters; Artificial Intelligence
67
THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS
Includes algebra, functional analysis, geometry, topology, set theory, group theory and number theory.
20100014909 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian Grids
Berger, Marsha; Aftosmis, Michael; Nemec, Marian; Nov 30, 2009; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0203
Report No.(s): AD-A515860; NYU-25-74100-F5301; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515860
We describe steps taken towards the development of an embedded boundary method for discretizing the Navier Stokes equations in complex geometry. New discretizations were developed and tested for use at cut cells and at mesh interfaces. A multigrid mesh coarsening algorithm was developed to accelerate convergence of the solution to steady state. Comparisons with several standard test cases from the literature were performed. This is preliminary work in two space dimensions towards our goal of extending Cart3D to be able to simulate three-dimensional viscous flows.
DTIC
Boundaries; Cartesian Coordinates; Embedding; Navier-Stokes Equation; Viscous Flow
20100015015 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
Ford, Sean R; Dreger, Douglas S; Walter, William R; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-06NA27324; AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516245; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516245
The deviatoric and isotropic source components for 17 explosions at the Nevada Test Site, as well as 12 earthquakes and
291
3 collapses in the surrounding region of the western US, are calculated using a regional time-domain full waveform inversion for the complete moment tensor. The events separate into specific populations according to their deviation from a pure double-couple and ratio of isotropic to deviatoric energy. The separation allows for anomalous event identification and discrimination between explosions, earthquakes, and collapses. Confidence regions of the model parameters are estimated from the data misfit by assuming normally distributed parameter values. We investigate the sensitivity of the resolved parameters of an explosion to imperfect Earth models, inaccurate event depths, and data with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) assuming a reasonable azimuthal distribution of stations. In the band of interest (0.02-0.10 Hz) the source-type calculated from complete moment tensor inversion is insensitive to velocity model perturbations that cause less than a half-cycle shift (5 sec) in arrival time error if shifting of the waveforms is allowed. The explosion source-type is insensitive to an incorrect depth assumption (for a true depth of 1 km), but the goodness-of-fit of the inversion result cannot be used to resolve the true depth of the explosion. Noise degrades the explosive character of the result, and a good fit and accurate result are obtained when the SNR is greater than 5. We assess the depth and frequency dependence upon the resolved explosive moment. As the depth decreases from 1 km to 200 m, the isotropic moment is no longer accurately resolved and is in error between 50% and 200%.
However, even at the most shallow depth the resultant moment tensor is dominated by the explosive component when the data has a good SNR.
DTIC
Identifying; Inversions; Isotropism; Isotropy; Tensor Analysis; Tensors
20100015218 Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore, India
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
Gopalakrishnan, S; Mar 24, 2010; 21 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4022
Report No.(s): AD-A516535; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
For the Current Year (2009-2010), a new spectral plate element (SPE) for laminated composite using Daubechies compactly supported wavelet basis functions is developed to analyze wave propagation in an anisotropic laminated composite media. The element is based on the Classical Laminated Plate Theory (CLPT). The element is formulated using the recently developed methodology of spectral finite element formulation based on the solution of a Polynomial Eigenvalue Problem
(PEP). By virtue of its frequency wave number domain formulation, single element is sufficient to model large structures where conventional finite element method will incur heavy cost of computation. First the Wavelet spectral element procedure is outlined, which is followed by a section on wavenumber computation as a function of fiber directions is given. A number of numerical examples are provided to show the efficiency of the formulated element. In most cases, the results from the wavelet formulations is compared with the conventional finite elements to show the computational superiority of the formulated wavelet spectral element for certain class of problems.
DTIC
Damage; Finite Element Method; Plates (Structural Members); Spectra; Wave Propagation; Wavelet Analysis
20100015846 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Experiments with Geometric Non-Linear Coupling for Analytical Validation
Boston, Jonathan D; Mar 2010; 131 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516862; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516862
This study was focused on obtaining accurate experimental data for the validation of the geometrically exact beam theory from a series of experiments in which high quality surface shape and deflection data was collected. Many previous experiments have experienced issues with data collection or test articles which the researchers were unable to overcome. The test program was performed in two stages: qualification and joined-wing. The qualification stage validated the experimental procedures on simple 72 in long aluminum beams with 8 in x 0.5 in cross-sections. The joined-wing stage was the primary experiment focused on obtaining quality data for use in validation and each joined-wing had an overall length of 57 in. The fore wing was designed with a chord of 8 in and a thickness of 0.5 in; the aft wing was designed with a chord of 6 in and a thickness of 0.5 in. These dimensions were chosen so the joined-wing produced a non-linear bend-twist couple before permanent deformation. The bend-twist couple in a solid cross-section aluminum joined-wing was successfully captured with surface shape, deflection points, and strain data.
DTIC
Aircraft; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity
292
20100015849 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Validation of a Novel Approach to Solving Multibody Systems Using Hamilton’s Weak Principle
Hainge, Ashton D; Mar 2010; 115 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516866; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M10; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516866
A novel approach for formulating and solving for the dynamic response of multibody systems has been developed using
Hamilton’s Law of Varying Action as its unifying principle. In order to assure that the associated computer program is sufficiently robust when applied across a wide range of dynamic systems, the program must be verified and validated. The purpose of the research was to perform the verification and validation of the program. Results from the program were compared with closed-form and numerical solutions of simple systems, such as a simple pendulum and a rotating pendulum.
The accuracy of the program for complex systems for which there is no closed-form solution, such as a double pendulum and others, were assessed by calculating energy conservation and constraint violation. The results of this research confirm the validity of this novel approach to multibody system analysis, and pave the way for its application to increasingly complex configurations.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Hamiltonian Functions
20100015888 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA
A Computational Cluster for Advanced Plasma Physics Simulations
Nelson, Brian A; Shumlak, Uri; Feb 8, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-1-0272
Report No.(s): AD-A517028; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517028
This DURIP equipment award was used to purchase, install, and bring on-line a computational cluster for plasma physics simulations. An SGI integrated cluster environment ICE unit was purchased, featuring 192 2.8 GHz processors (on 24 nodes) with 384 GB highspeed RAM on an Infiniband backbone. Additional nodes include an 8-processor login node (32 GB RAM) and a data server with a 6 TB RAID6 Infiniband system, plus admin and rack leader nodes. SGI personnel setup the system on-site, with additional integration performed by our local IT personnel. SGI also installed cluster control software and licenses for the SUSE-based Linux operating system. Software was purchased and installed including Intel Fortran and C/C++ compiler suites (debuggers, performance measurements, etc.), the TotalView parallel debugger, and the MOAB/PBS scheduling software. Comparisons were made amongst several cluster manufacturers, including Cray, IBM, Dell, Silicon
Mechanics, Rackable Sytems, and SiCortex before deciding on the SGI ICE model as the most turn-key system. The system was ordered in late 2008 and arrived in early 2009 and was up and running routinely with local users in a few weeks. Local
University of Washington computational groups have made extensive use of the DURIP cluster, running several different advanced extended MHD/two-fluid codes. This DURIP award has greatly increased turnaround time and productivity for these groups.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Plasma Physics; Simulation
20100015895 University of Southeastern Louisiana, Hammond, LA USA
Uncertainty Modeling for Database Design using Intuitionistic and Rough Set Theory
Beaubouef, Theresa; Petry, Frederick E; Jan 2009; 15 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517042; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517042
This paper introduces the intuitionistic rough set and intuitionistic rough relational and rough object oriented database models. Rough set, fuzzy set, and intuitionistic set uncertainty management are discussed and compared, and the model based on intuitionistic and rough sets developed here is applied to databases. The intuitionistic rough set database models draw benefits from both the rough set and intuitionistic techniques, providing greater management of uncertainty for databases applications in a less than certain world.
DTIC
Data Bases; Models; Set Theory
293
20100016110 Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ USA
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
Balanis, Constantine A; Yang, Bo; Birtcher, Craig R; Oct 26, 2009; 186 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0292
Report No.(s): AD-A517572; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The major objective of this dissertation is to design simple low-dispersion Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) methods for electromagnetics. Literature review indicated that the Nonstandard Finite Difference (NSFD) method exhibits great potentials in dispersion reduction. Different from the Standard Finite Difference (SFD) methods, the NSFD methods are derived directly based upon dispersion analysis. In this dissertation, the basic concepts of the NSFD methods are generalized to various extended finite-difference stencils. Furthermore, several improved NSFD Numerical simulations show that these schemes significantly reduce the dispersion error of their standard counterparts. Many technical issues in practical implementations, such as absorbing boundary conditions, stability conditions, and Gauss’s Laws, are discussed and justified.
Moreover, two special conditions are proposed for the extended stencils in the vicinity of the dielectric material discontinuities. It was demonstrated that the accuracy of the fourth-order stencil is fully restored by applying these conditions.
DTIC
Electromagnetic Interference; Electromagnetism; Finite Difference Theory; Finite Difference Time Domain Method
70
PHYSICS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to mechanics, kinetics, magnetism, and electrodynamics. For specific areas of physics see categories 71 through 77 . For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography ; for geophysics, astrophysics, or solar physics see 46 Geophysics, 90 Astrophysics , or 92 Solar Physics .
20100014911 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
Interference Rejection and Management
Barta, Arun; Zeidler, James R; Proakis, John F; Milstein, Laurence B; Jul 2009; 35 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0224
Report No.(s): AD-A515867; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515867
We consider interference suppression in several wireless communication systems. The first topic treated is selfinterference encountered among cooperating systems, for example, the self-interference that is encountered in cognitive radio systems and ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems. Both single-carrier, direct sequence signals and multicarrier signals are considered, and the effects of the interference on the performance of a direct sequence UWB system that employs channel state estimation in the presence of the interference is evaluated. The second topic that is treated is the mitigation of narrowband interference in block-modulated multicarrier systems. Two schemes, multicarrier code-division multiple access
(MC-CDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), are investigated. The inherent frequency diversity of
MC-CDMA through the use of spreading codes allows for robustness against interference. Conversely, OFDM must employ a signal processing technique to suppress the interference due to its lack of frequency diversity. The performance of OFDM is improved with the addition of forward error correction (FEC) coding in the frequency domain, thereby providing the system with frequency diversity. The third topic is the suppression of interference in multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) wireless communication systems that employ multiple-transmit and multiple-receive antennas to increase the data rate and achieve signal diversity in fading multipath channels. Interference in MIMO wireless communication systems usually consists of intersymbol interference (ISI) due to channel multipath dispersion and cross-talk, or interchannel interference, due to the simultaneous transmissions from the multiple-transmit antennas. The focus of the section is on point-to-multipoint (broadcast)
MIMO systems in which the channel characteristics are assumed to be known at the transmitter, so that interference mitigation can be performed at the transmitter.
DTIC
Radio Frequency Interference; Signal Processing
294
20100014912 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
The Effects of Spatial Diversity and Imperfect Channel Estimation on Wideband MC-DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA
Ling, Andrew S; Milstein, Laurence B; Oct 2009; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0224
Report No.(s): AD-A515868; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515868
In our previous work, we compared the theoretical bit error rates of multi-carrier direct sequence code division multiple access (MC-DS-CDMA) and multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA). To ensure a fair comparison, we constrained both schemes to the same bandwidth, information rate, and energy-per-bit, and these constraints resulted in a possible trade-off between diversity gain and channel estimation errors between the two schemes. While only a single-input single-output (SISO) system was considered in our previous work, in this paper, we extend the comparison to a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system which employs Alamouti spacetime block coding at each sub-carrier frequency to achieve spatial diversity. We consider only those cases where MC-CDMA has higher frequency diversity than MC-DS-CDMA. Since increases in diversity yield diminishing gains, we conclude that the addition of spatial diversity to this multi-carrier comparison benefits MCDS-CDMA more than MC-CDMA. To determine whether these gains for MC-DS-CDMA are enough to offset the difference in frequency diversity between the two schemes, we derive closed form expressions for the bit error probabilities of both schemes, and we compare the MIMO results against those of the SISO system for different information rates, number of users, and number of pilot symbols per channel estimate.
DTIC
Broadband; Code Division Multiple Access
20100015010 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO USA
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
Levshin, Anatoli L; Barmin, Mikhail P; Yang, Xiaoning; Ritzwoller, Michael H; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-05NA26608; DE-AC52-06NA25496
Report No.(s): AD-A516239; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516239
We report on the progress toward the development of attenuation models for short-period (12-22 sec) Rayleigh waves in
Asia and surrounding regions. These models are defined by maps of attenuation coefficients across the region of study in the specified period band. These models are designed to calibrate the regional surface-wave magnitude scale and to extend the teleseismic surface-wave magnitude body-wave magnitude (Ms-mb) discriminant to regional distances. In order to obtain accurate attenuation estimates, we must first measure surface-wave amplitudes reliably. Taking advantage of certain characteristics of Rayleigh waves, such as the dispersion and the elliptical particle motion, we employed a suite of techniques in making accurate fundamental-mode Rayleigh-wave amplitude measurements. We first analyze the dispersion of the surface wavetrain using a spectrogram. Based on the characteristics of the data dispersion, we design a phase-matched filter by using either a manually picked dispersion curve, or a model-predicted dispersion curve, or the dispersion of the data, and apply the filter to the seismogram. Intelligent filtering of the seismogram and windowing of the resulting cross-correlation based on the spectrogram analysis and the comparison between the spectrum of phase-match filtered data and raw-data and source spectra effectively reduces amplitude contaminations from surface-wave higher modes, multipathing, body-wave energy and other noise sources, and results in reliable amplitude measurements in many cases. We implemented these measuring techniques in a graphic-user-interface tool called Surface Wave Amplitude Measurement Tool (SWAMTOOL). Using the tool, we collected and processed waveform data for 200 earthquakes occurring throughout 2003-2006 inside and around Eurasia. The records from 135 broadband permanent and temporary stations were used.
DTIC
Asia; Attenuation; Models; Rayleigh Waves; Wave Attenuation
20100015028 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of Thermal Aging on (Fe1-xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 Alloys
Tamoria, Michelle R; Carpenter, E E; Miller, M M; Claassen, J H; Das, B N; Stroud, R M; Kurihara, L K; Everett, R K;
Willard, M A; Hsiao, A C; McHenry, M E; Harris, V G; Jul 2001; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516299; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516299
Amorphous alloys of (Fe(1-x)Mn(x)) (73.5) Si(13.5)B(9) Nb(3)Cu(1), where chi = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, were prepared by
295
vacuum melt-spinning. Anneals performed at or above the crystallization temperature led to the formation of a nanostructure where the primary phase is a body centered cubic or DO(3) FeSi phase embedded within an intergranular amorphous phase.
The saturation induction of the chi = 0.05 alloy is 1.19 T, slightly lower than the parent alloy. Prolonged thermal aging led to an enhancement in the soft magnetic properties. This change occurs at soak times near 6000 s and corresponds to a decrease in the anisotropy and coercivity, and an increase in the remanent magnetization. EXAFS studies suggest that the Mn partitions during crystallization and thermal aging to the grain boundary regions may play an important role in enhancing the exchange coupling of the aged samples by increasing the Curie temperature of the amorphous intergranular phase.
DTIC
Aging (Materials); Magnetic Properties; Temperature Effects; Thermodynamic Properties
20100015415 Osram Sylvania, Inc., Beverly, MA, USA
White LED with High Package Extraction Efficiency
Zheng, Y.; Stough, M.; Sep. 30, 2008; 26 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-06NT42935
Report No.(s): DE2009-963890; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The goal of this project is to develop a high efficiency phosphor converting (white) Light Emitting Diode (pcLED) 1-Watt package through an increase in package extraction efficiency. A transparent/translucent monolithic phosphor is proposed to replace the powdered phosphor to reduce the scattering caused by phosphor particles. Additionally, a multi-layer thin film selectively reflecting filter is proposed between blue LED die and phosphor layer to recover inward yellow emission. At the end of the project we expect to recycle approximately 50% of the unrecovered backward light in current package construction, and develop a pcLED device with 80 lm/W(sub e) using our technology improvements and commercially available chip/package source. The success of the project will benefit luminous efficacy of white LEDs by increasing package extraction efficiency. In most phosphor-converting white LEDs, the white color is obtained by combining a blue LED die (or chip) with a powdered phosphor layer. The phosphor partially absorbs the blue light from the LED die and converts it into a broad green-yellow emission. The mixture of the transmitted blue light and green-yellow light emerging gives white light. There are two major drawbacks for current pcLEDs in terms of package extraction efficiency. The first is light scattering caused by phosphor particles. The other drawback is that yellow emission from phosphor powders is isotropic. Although some backward light can be recovered by the reflector in current LED packages, there is still a portion of backward light that will be absorbed inside the package and further converted to heat.
NTIS
Extraction; Light Emitting Diodes; Phosphors
20100015416 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas Reservoirs
Willis, M. E.; Burns, D. R.; Toksoz, M. N.; Sep. 30, 2008; 52 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-06NT42956
Report No.(s): DE2009-963893; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Tight gas sand reservoirs generally contain thick gas-charged intervals that often have low porosity and very low permeability. Natural and induced fractures provide the only means of production. The objective of this work is to locate and characterize natural and induced fractures from analysis of scattered waves recorded on 4-D (time lapse) VSP data in order to optimize well placement and well spacing in these gas reservoirs. Using model data simulating the scattering of seismic energy from hydraulic fractures, we first show that it is possible to characterize the quality of fracturing based upon the amount of scattering. In addition, the picked arrival times of recorded microseismic events provide the velocity moveout for isolating the scattered energy on the 4-D VSP data. This concept is applied to a field dataset from the Jonah Field in Wyoming to characterize the quality of the induced hydraulic fractures. The time lapse (4D) VSP data from this field are imaged using a migration algorithm that utilizes shot travel time tables derived from the first breaks of the 3D VSPs and receiver travel time tables based on the microseismic arrival times and a regional velocity model. Four azimuthally varying shot tables are derived from picks of the first breaks of over 200 VSP records. We create images of the fracture planes through two of the hydraulically fractured wells in the field. The scattered energy shows correlation with the locations of the microseismic events. In addition, the azimuthal scattering is different from the azimuthal reflectivity of the reservoir, giving us more confidence that we have separated the scattered signal from simple formation reflectivity. Variation of the scattered energy along the image planes suggests variability in the quality of the fractures in three distinct zones.
NTIS
Deposits; Diagnosis; Fracturing; Natural Gas; Permeability; Reservoirs
296
20100015419 Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA
Inspection Report on ‘Internal Controls over Accountable Classified Removable Electronic Media at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory’
May 01, 2009; 16 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2009-963953; INS-O-09-02; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) conducts cutting edge scientific research. ORNL utilizes removable electronic media, such as computer hard drives, compact disks, data tapes, etc., to store vast amounts of classified information. Incidents involving breakdowns in controls over classified removable electronic media have been a continuous challenge for the Department. The loss of even one piece of such media can have serious national security implications. In 2004, the Department had a complex-wide ‘stand-down’ of all activities using classified removable electronic media, and such media containing Secret/Restricted Data or higher classified data was designated ‘Accountable Classified
Removable Electronic Media’ (ACREM). As part of the stand-down, sites were required to conduct a 100 percent physical inventory of all ACREM; enter it all into accountability; and conduct security procedure reviews and training. Further, the
Department implemented a series of controls, including conducting periodic inventories, utilizing tamper proof devices on
ACREM safes, and appointing trained custodians to be responsible for the material. After performance testing and validation that the required accountability systems were in place, ACREM operations at ORNL were approved for restart on August 10,
2004. We conducted a review at ORNL and associated facilities to determine whether ACREM is managed, protected, and controlled consistent with applicable requirements. We found that: (1) Eight pieces of Secret/Restricted Data media had not been identified as ACREM and placed into a system of accountability. Consequently, the items were not subject to all required protections and controls, such as periodic accountability inventories, oversight by a trained custodian, or storage in a designated ACREM safe. (However, the items were secured in safes approved for classified material.) (2) Other required
ACREM protections and controls were not implemented as follows: a tamper indicating device was not being used on an
ACREM safe; records documenting when a certain safe was opened did not support that a purported inventory had been conducted; and a safe inventory had not been completed in a timely manner. (3) A Personal Digital Assistant and a thumb drive, both capable of recording or transmitting data, were stored in a security area without an analysis to identify vulnerabilities and compensatory measures having been conducted, as required. We also found that an ORNL Cooperative
Research and Development Agreement partner had not disabled classified computer ports at the partner’s site that were capable of writing classified information to external or removable media, as required. We made several recommendations designed to enhance the security of ACREM, security areas, and computers.
NTIS
Defense Program; Inspection; Military Technology; Weapons
20100015423 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
Carena, M.; Eichten, E.; Hill, C. T.; Quigg, C.; Jun. 01, 2009; 2 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76CH03000
Report No.(s): DE2009-964020; FERMILAB-FN-0838-T; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The standard electroweak theory gives an excellent account of many pieces of data over a wide range of energies. Global fits, made within the framework of the standard electroweak theory, favor a light Higgs boson, and exhibit some tension with direct searches.
NTIS
Higgs Bosons; Particle Accelerators
20100015424 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship, Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
Stoyer, M. A.; McNabb, D. P.; Burke, J. T.; Bernstein, L. A.; Aug. 06, 2009; 3 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48
Report No.(s): DE2009-964067; LLNL-TR-415408; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Stewardship of this nation’s nuclear weapons is predicated on developing a fundamental scientific understanding of the physics and chemistry required to describe weapon performance without the need to resort to underground nuclear testing and to predict expected future performance as a result of intended or unintended modifications. In order to construct more reliable models, underground nuclear test data is being reanalyzed in novel ways. To improve the interpretation of these experiments with quantified uncertainties, improved nuclear data is required. As an example, the thermonuclear yield of a device was often inferred through the use of radiochemical detectors. Conversion of the detector activations observed to thermonuclear yield
297
was accomplished through explosion code calculations (models) and a good set of nuclear reaction cross-sections. Because of the unique high-fluence environment of an exploding nuclear weapon, many reactions occurred on radioactive nuclides, for which only theoretically calculated cross-sections are available. Surrogate nuclear reactions at STARS/LIBERACE offer the opportunity to measure cross-sections on unstable nuclei and thus improve the quality of the nuclear reaction cross-section sets. One radiochemical detector that was loaded in devices was mono-isotopic yttrium (sup 89 Y ). Nuclear reactions produced sup 87 Y and (sup 88 Y) which could be quantified post-shot as a ratio of sup 87 Y/ sup 88 Y. The yttrium cross-section set from 1988 is shown in Figure 1(a) and contains approximately 62 cross-sections interconnecting the yttrium nuclides. The 6 experimentally measured cross-sections are shown in Figure 1(b). Any measurement of cross-sections on sup
87 Y or sup 88 Y would improve the quality of the cross-section set. A recent re-evaluation of the yttrium cross-section set was performed with many more calculated reaction cross-sections included.
NTIS
Nuclear Weapons; Stockpiling
20100015425 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Environmentally Clean Mitigation of Undesirable Plant Life Using Lasers
Rubenchik, A. M.; McGrann, T. J.; Yamamoto, R. M.; Parker, J. M.; Jul. 01, 2009; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48
Report No.(s): DE2009-964075; LLNL-TR-414879; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
This concept comprises a method for environmentally clean destruction of undesirable plant life using visible or infrared radiation. We believe that during the blossom stage, plant life is very sensitive to electromagnetic radiation, with an enhanced sensitivity to specific spectral ranges. Small doses of irradiation can arrest further plant growth, cause flower destruction or promote plant death. Surrounding plants, which are not in the blossoming stage, should not be affected. Our proposed mechanism to initiate this effect is radiation produced by a laser. Tender parts of the blossom possess enhanced absorptivity in some spectral ranges. This absorption can increase the local tissue temperature by several degrees, which is sufficient to induce bio-tissue damage. In some instances, the radiation may actually stimulate plant growth, as an alternative for use in increased crop production. This would be dependent on factors such as plant type, the wavelength of the laser radiation being used and the amount of the radiation dose. Practical, economically viable realization of this concept is possible today with the advent of high efficiency, compact and powerful laser diodes. The laser diodes provide an efficient, environmentally clean source of radiation at a variety of power levels and radiation wavelengths. Figure 1 shows the overall concept, with the laser diodes mounted on a movable platform, traversing and directing the laser radiation over a field of opium poppies.
NTIS
Electromagnetic Radiation; Lasers
20100015426 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Magnetic Mirror Fusion-Fission Early History and Applicability to other Systems
Moir, R.; Aug. 24, 2009; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48
Report No.(s): DE2009-964097; LLNL-TR-416153; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
In the mid 1970s to mid 1980s the mirror program was stuck with a concept, the Standard Mirror that was Q (approx)
1 where Q=P(sub fusion)/P (sub injection). Heroic efforts were put into hybridizing thinking added energy and fuel sales would make a commercial product. At the same time the tokamak was thought to allow ignition and ultrahigh Q values of 20 or even higher. There was an effort to use neutral beams to drive the tokamak just like the mirror machines were driven in which case the Q value plunged to a few, however this was thought to be achievable decades earlier than the high Q versions.
Meanwhile current drive and other features of the tokamak have seen the projected Q values come down to the range of 10.
Meanwhile the mirror program got Q enhancement into high gear and various tandem mirrors projected Q values up towards
10 and with advanced features over 10 with axi-symmetric magnets (See R. F. Post papers), however the experimental program is all but non-existent. Meanwhile, the gas dynamic trap mirror system which is present day state-of-the-art can with low risk produce Q of (approx)0.1 useful for a low risk, low cost neutron source for materials development useful for the development of materials for all fusion concepts (see Simonen white paper: ‘A Physics-Based Strategy to Develop a Mirror Fusion-Fission
Hybrid’ and D.D. Ryutov, ‘Axisymmetric MHD-stable mirror as a neutron source and a driver for a fusion-fission hybrid’).
Many early hybrid designs with multi-disciplinary teams were carried out in great detail for the mirror system with its axi-symmetric blanket modules. It is recognized that most of these designs are adaptable to tokamak or inertial fusion
298
geometry. When Q is low (1 to 2) economics gives a large economic penalty for high recirculating power. These early studies covered the three design types: Power production, fuel production and waste burning.
NTIS
Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactors; Magnetic Mirrors; Tandem Mirrors
20100015441 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
Anderson, S. G.; Gibson, D. J.; Rusnak, B.; October 07, 2009; 38 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2009-966535; LLNL-TR-417672; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This study focuses on the applicability of current accelerator and laser technologies to the construction of compact, narrow bandwidth, gamma-ray sources for DHS missions in illicit materials detection. It also identifies research and development areas in which advancement will directly benefit these light sources. In particular, we review the physics of Compton scattering based light sources and emphasize the source properties most important to Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) applications of interest. The influences of laser and electron beam properties on the light source are examined in order to evaluate the utility of different technologies for this application. Applicable bulk and fiber-based laser systems and laser recirculation technologies are discussed and Radio Frequency (RF) Linear Accelerator (linac) technologies are examined to determine the optimal frequency and pulse formats achievable.
NTIS
Electron Beams; Gamma Rays; Light Sources; Linear Accelerators
20100015443 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Comments on the Slip Factor and the Relation Delta Phi equal Negative H Delta Theta
Ng, K. Y.; Sep. 2009; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2009-966467; FERMILAB-FN-0841-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
The definition of the slip factor can be obtained from the phase equation. However, a derivation using the relation
(Delta)(phi) = -h(Delta)(theta) leads to a different slip-factor definition. This apparent paradox is examined in detail and resolved. Here (Delta)(phi) is the rf phase difference and (Delta)(theta) is the azimuthal phase difference around the accelerator ring between an off-momentum particle and the synchronous particle, while h is the rf harmonic.
NTIS
Radio Frequencies; Momentum; Azimuth; Sliding
20100015521 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
Brown, Daniel L.; Gallimore, Alex D.; February 24, 2010; 38 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516208; AFRL-RZ-ED-JA-2010-064-PT-2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information
Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516208
A nested Faraday probe was designed and fabricated to assess facility effects in a systematic study of ion migration in a Hall thruster plume. Current density distributions were studied at 8, 12, 16, and 20 thruster diameters downstream of the Hall thruster exit plane with four probe configurations at background pressures of 3x10-6, 1x10-5, and 3x10-5 torr. Several correction factors are applied to account for the effective probe collection area and systematic measurement error associated with measuring an annular device as an axisymmetric point source. These corrections enable the investigation of facility effects on beam expansion and ion migration in the plume. The effects of background facility neutrals are isolated, which enables precise and accurate estimate of thruster ion beam current and plume divergence. A set of guidelines are recommended for Faraday probe design, experimental approach, and data analysis of results that are aimed at minimizing measurement error of far-field Faraday probe measurements. These guidelines are shown to reduce the calculated ion beam current by 10-20% compared to conventional analysis techniques and to reduce measurement uncertainty to approximately +/-3%. The reductions in measurement uncertainty and the increased capability to approximate the on-orbit plume expansion from ground-based measurements are a significant improvement for comparisons with numerical simulations and investigations of Hall thruster performance.
DTIC
Current Density; Hall Effect; Hall Thrusters; Migration; Plumes
299
20100015556 Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
Kopcewicz, M; Grabias, A; Willard, M A; Laughlin, D E; McHenry, M E; Jul 2001; 4 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-96-1-0454
Report No.(s): AD-A516298; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516298
A two phase microstructure, consisting of nanocrystallites surrounded by an amorphous matrix, was produced by a melt spinning processing route. Alloys of this type have extrinsic properties that are dependent on the relative amounts of the amorphous and nanocrystalline phases. One method for examination of the properties of the nanocrystalline and amorphous phases is by Mossbauer spectroscopy. This paper examines ribbons with the composition of Fe(44)Co(44)Zr(7)B(4)Cu(1), both as-spun and after annealing at 650 deg. C for 1 hour. Three Mossbauer techniques were used to examine these materials, including: transmission measurements, conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy, and radio frequency Mossbauer. The transmission spectrum for the annealed HITPERM alloy is composed of two superimposed sextets corresponding to the nanocrystalline FeCo and retained amorphous phases. The rf-Mossbauer results fail to show collapse of the sextet, indicating a large magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the nanocrystalline phase.
DTIC
Magnetic Properties; Mossbauer Effect; Electron Spectroscopy
20100015574 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-Explosion Discrimination
Walter, William R.; Pasyanos, Michael B.; Matzel, Eric; Gok, Rengin; Sweeney, Jerry J.; Ford, Sean R.; Rodgers, Arthur J.;
September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516578; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We continue exploring methodologies to improve earthquake-explosion discrimination using regional amplitude ratios such as P/S in a variety of frequency bands. Empirically, we demonstrate that such ratios separate explosions from earthquakes, using closely located pairs of earthquakes and explosions recorded on common, publicly available stations at test sites around the world (e.g., Nevada, Novaya Zemlya, Semipalatinsk, Lop Nor, India, Pakistan, and North Korea). We are also examining if there is any relationship between the observed P/S and the point source variability revealed by longer period full waveform modeling (e.g., Ford et al., 2008). For example, regional waveform modeling shows strong tectonic release from the May 1998 India test, in contrast with very little tectonic release in the October 2006 North Korea test, but the P/S discrimination behavior appears similar in both events using the limited regional data available. While regional amplitude ratios such as P/S can separate events in close proximity, it is also empirically well known that path effects can greatly distort observed amplitudes and make earthquakes appear very explosion like. Previously we have shown that the Magnitude
Distance Amplitude Correction (MDAC) technique (Walter and Taylor, 2001) can account for simple 1-D attenuation and geometrical spreading corrections, as well as magnitude and site effects. However, in some regions, 1-D path corrections are a poor approximation, and we need to develop 2-D path corrections. Here we demonstrate a new 2-D attenuation tomography technique using the MDAC earthquake source model applied to a set of events and stations in both the Middle East and the
Yellow Sea Korean Peninsula regions. We believe this new 2-D MDAC tomography has the potential to greatly improve earthquake-explosion discrimination, particularly in tectonically complex regions such as the Middle East.
DTIC
Amplitudes; Earthquakes; Explosions; Frequencies; Tomography
20100015593 NumerEx, Albuquerque, NM USA
Computational Simulation of High Energy Density Plasmas
Frese, Michael H.; Frese, Sherry D.; October 30, 2009; 22 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9451-05-D-0157-0002; Proj-DOES; 69120F
Report No.(s): AD-A516689; NE-09-04; AFRL-RD-PS-TR-2009-1085; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Plasmas with embedded high magnetic fields are less subject to thermal conduction losses and can therefore reach higher temperatures under compression. This effect offers a path to generation of neutrons by thermal collisions known as magnetized target fusion (MTF). Now also referred to as magneto-inertial fusion (MlF). Since MTF allows the use of slower drivers for compress ion, it should lower the cost of achieving intense neutron pulses. NumerEx’s effort under this Task Order has focused on two different concepts for MTF. The first approach is the generation, stagnation, and compression of ultrahigh speed plasma
300
(UHP) flow; the second is formation, translation, capture, and compression of a field-reversed magnetized plasma configuration (FRC). In both concepts, the ultimate compression is by an imploding liner driven by a fast capacitor bank. Here we will describe our achievements in simulating those two concepts. The first section will focus on simulations of the UHP target liner compression, and the second, on simulations of FRC compression.
DTIC
Magnetic Fields; Plasmas (Physics); Simulation; Targets
20100015698 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Recycler Short Kicker Beam Impedance
Crisp, Jim; Fellenz, Brian; July 01, 2009; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76CH03000
Report No.(s): DE2009-963777; FERMILAB-TM-2437-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
Measured longitudinal and calculated transverse beam impedance is presented for the short kicker magnets being installed in the Fermilab Recycler. Fermi drawing number ME-457159. The longitudinal impedance was measured with a stretched wire and the Panofsky equation was used to estimate the transverse impedance. The impedance of 3319 meters (the Recycler circumference) of stainless vacuum pipe is provided for comparison. Although measurements where done to 3GHz, impedance was negligible above 30MHz. The beam power lost to the kicker impedance is shown for a range of bunch lengths. The measurements are for one kicker assuming a rotation frequency of 90KHz. Seven of these kickers are being installed.
NTIS
Impedance; Magnets
20100015814 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
Wert, R A; Goroch, A K; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516760; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516760
The Near-Earth Propagation (NEP) program at NRL is investigating the unique radio frequency (RF) phenomena that occur within one meter of the Earth’s surface. In the past, researchers have generally focused their propagation analysis on signals that propagate significantly above the Earth’s surface. However, with tomorrow’s distributed and integrated micro-sensors, long-range, medium-altitude communication will not necessarily be the norm. This article discusses some of the physical phenomena associated with near-Earth propagation. When radiating near the Earth, a communications link is subjected to a number of physical impairments, including Fresnel region encroachment and multipath reflections. The NEP program collected a variety of RF propagation observations in a controlled anechoic chamber at NRL, and in the open atmosphere in a variety of environmental conditions at Marine Corps Base Quantico, VA, and White Sands Missile Range,
NM. The signal variation was measured in the 400 MHz, 1.78 GHz, and 2.4 GHz RF spectral regions with monopole and horn antennas at several heights above the surface and as a function of antenna-receiver separation. In this way the authors observed the influences of surface roughness, heating, and cooling on changes in the radiation pattern of the emitted RF signal.
DTIC
Antenna Radiation Patterns; Communication Networks; Earth Surface; Electromagnetic Wave Transmission; Radio
Frequencies; Radio Signals; Transmission Loss
20100015833 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA
Engineered Nanostructures for Optimal Strength and Toughness
Gerberich, William; Aug 10, 2009; 5 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-08-1-4131
Report No.(s): AD-A516834; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516834
The goal of this proposed work was to develop engineered nanostructures that could have extremely hard properties but yet adequate toughness approaching 20 MPa-m1/2 to prevent fracture. In the first year (2008-2009) of this work, understanding of both the necessary and limiting factors have been developed. Progress towards both high hardness and high toughness are reported along with appropriate metrics of publications and presentations. Optimal Strength and Limitations: We
301
now have an understanding of those parameters which control hardness and strength of nanoparticles and nanopillars made of nominally brittle oxides or semiconductors such as sapphire and silicon.
DTIC
Nanostructures (Devices); Toughness
20100016112 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Characterization of the Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil Moisture Characteristic Curves
Germaine, John T; Jan 15, 2010; 4 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0284
Report No.(s): AD-A517574; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This is a two-part research program that focuses on the fundamentals of unsaturated soil mechanics. The funding agreement was for three years with one no cost extension. This report is the final project report. The aim of the first part was to modify the MIT method to measure rapid and continuous soil moisture characteristic curves under drying conditions so that the wetting curve can also be obtained with computer.
DTIC
Micromechanics; Moisture; Shear Strength; Soil Mechanics; Soil Moisture; Soils; Suction; Wetting
20100016310 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MCNPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
Mertens, Christopher J.; Moyers, Michael F.; Walker, Steven A.; Tweed, John; [2010]; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 651549.02.07.01
Report No.(s): LF99-8818; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016310
Recent developments in NASA s deterministic High charge (Z) and Energy TRaNsport (HZETRN) code have included lateral broadening of primary ion beams due to small-angle multiple Coulomb scattering, and coupling of the ion-nuclear scattering interactions with energy loss and straggling. This new version of HZETRN is based on Green function methods, called GRNTRN, and is suitable for modeling transport with both space environment and laboratory boundary conditions.
Multiple scattering processes are a necessary extension to GRNTRN in order to accurately model ion beam experiments, to simulate the physical and biological-effective radiation dose, and to develop new methods and strategies for light ion radiation therapy. In this paper we compare GRNTRN simulations of proton lateral broadening distributions with beam measurements taken at Loma Linda University Proton Therapy Facility. The simulated and measured lateral broadening distributions are compared for a 250 MeV proton beam on aluminum, polyethylene, polystyrene, bone substitute, iron, and lead target materials. The GRNTRN results are also compared to simulations from the Monte Carlo MCNPX code for the same projectile-target combinations described above.
Author
Ion Beams; Ion Scattering; Nuclear Scattering; Energy Dissipation; Green’s Functions; Radiation Dosage; Coulomb
Collisions
71
ACOUSTICS
Includes sound generation, transmission, and attenuation. For noise pollution see 45 Environment Pollution . For aircraft noise see also
02 Aerodynamics and 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power .
20100014994 Applied Research Labs., State College, PA USA
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year End Report
Culver, R L; Nov 2, 2009; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0047; Proj-14400
Report No.(s): AD-A516100; TR-09-014; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516100
The long-term goal of the REVEAL project is to develop a signal processing structure that exploits available knowledge of the environment and of signal and noise variability induced by the environment. The research is directed toward passive
302
sonar detection and classification, continuous wave (CW) and broadband signals, shallow water operation, both platformmounted and distributed systems, and frequencies below 1 kHz.
DTIC
Acoustic Measurement; Broadband; Estimating; Receivers; Signal Processing; Sonar; Sound Pressure; Underwater
Acoustics; Variability
20100014995 Applied Research Labs., State College, PA USA
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year End Report
Culver, R L; Nov 2, 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0047; Proj-14400
Report No.(s): AD-A516101; TR-09-012; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516101
The long-term goal of the REVEAL project is to develop a signal processing structure that exploits available knowledge of the environment and of signal and noise variability induced by the environment. The research is directed toward passive sonar detection and classification, continuous wave (CW) and broadband signals, shallow water operation, both platformmounted and distributed systems, and frequencies below 1 kHz.
DTIC
Acoustic Measurement; Broadband; Estimating; Receivers; Signal Processing; Sonar; Sound Pressure; Underwater
Acoustics; Variability
20100015016 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Effects of Variability Associated with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound Propagation in the Ocean
Groot-Hedlin, Catherine de; Blackman, Donna K; Jenkins, C S; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-05-1-0019
Report No.(s): AD-A516246; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516246
Our objectives were to conduct a series of calibration shots within and to the south of the ACC that would generate acoustic signals at frequencies f 30 Hz and to analyze the signals recorded at hydrophone stations operated by the IMS. The overall goal was to compare observed source-receiver travel times to the IMS hydrophone stations to those predicted by numerical models for paths crossing the Antarctic convergence zone and to use these results to determine the accuracy to which sources may be located within the ACC. A second goal was to compare observed vs. modeled transmission losses. The results of the second goal were reported last year; it was found that transmission loss is nearly uniform as a function of frequency for the shots examined in this study (de Groot-Hedlin et al., 2007; de Groot-Hedlin et al., 2008). Acoustic propagation for sources within the ACC is complicated by the sharp temperature gradient at the northern boundary. The ACC boundary separates cold waters that flow eastward around Antarctica from warmer subtropical waters to the north. The abrupt spatial variation in temperature and salinity results in strong gradients in the speed of acoustic waves through the ocean, which in turn deflects the path of propagating acoustic waves near the northern boundary of the ACC (Heaney et al., 1999).
Furthermore, south of the ACC boundary, the low-velocity oceanic sound channel axis, that is typically 100’s to 1,000-m-deep shoals and the overlying higher velocity layer thins to nothing over a short distance, resulting in sea surface-limited propagation. Therefore, the detailed structure of the ACC boundary is strongly affected by seasonal temperature variations that extend to depths of over 1 km. Dushaw et al., (1999) showed that this type of seasonal variability produces considerable seasonal differences in acoustic travel times for paths through the North Pacific. We conducted an experiment in December,
2006, to determine how well acoustic wave tra
DTIC
Antarctic Regions; Oceans; Signal Transmission; Sound Propagation; Sound Waves; Variability
20100015017 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
Finite Difference Time Domain Modeling of Infrasound Propagation: Application to Shadow Zone Arrivals and
Regional Propagation
Groot-Hedlin, Catherine de; Sep 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-06-1-0003
Report No.(s): AD-A516248; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516248
The finite difference (FD) method yields solutions to discretized versions of the full acoustic wave equation for arbitrarily
303
complex media. The method is reliable at all angles of propagation, including backscatter. This offers an advantage over other standard propagation methods in wide use, as it allows for accurate computation of acoustic energy levels in the case where significant scattering can occur near the source, such as may happen for an explosion near the surface, or underground. It also allows for the investigation of the penetration of infrasound energy into classical shadow zones, where ray theory predicts the upward refraction of sound. This fits in with nuclear monitoring goals, in that it allows for an improved understanding of the generation and propagation of infrasound energy from arbitrary sources, including underground and near-surface explosions.
The effects of (1) wind, (2) attenuation, and (3) gravity on infrasound propagation are examined separately, using finite-difference time-domain methods. The method is applied in 2-D Cartesian coordinates. The method, including the effects of wind, is applied to realistic problems in infrasound propagation, including the penetration of infrasound energy into shadow zones, as defined by ray theory. The effects of diffraction and topography are examined for sources near the surface. It is shown that the FD approach can be used to solve for sound intensities in complex models that may include high material contrasts and arbitrary topography.
DTIC
Finite Difference Theory; Finite Difference Time Domain Method; Infrasonic Frequencies
20100015032 Applied Research Labs., State College, PA USA
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year End Report
Culver, R L; Nov 2, 2009; 27 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0047; Proj-14400
Report No.(s): AD-A516318; ARL-TR-09-013; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516318
The long-term goal of the REVEAL project is to develop a signal processing structure that exploits available knowledge of the environment, including uncertainty, to target detection and classification. The research is directed toward passive sonar, continuous wave (CW) and broadband signals, shallow and deep water operation, both platform-mounted and distributed systems, and frequencies below 1 kHz.
DTIC
Acoustic Measurement; Acoustics; Classifications; Detection; Estimating; Receivers; Sound Pressure; Target Acquisition;
Targets; Variability
20100015634 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
VanZante, Dale; Envia, Edmane; March 2010; 19 pp.; In English; 15th Aeroacoustics Conference (30th Aeroacoustics
Conference, 11-13 May 2009, Miami, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.18.02
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216230; AIAA Paper 2009-3282; E-17217; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015634
As turbofan engine bypass ratios continue to increase, the contribution of the turbine to the engine noise signature is receiving more attention. Understanding the relative importance of the various turbine noise generation mechanisms and the characteristics of the turbine acoustic transmission loss are essential ingredients in developing robust reduced-order models for predicting the turbine noise signature. A computationally based investigation has been undertaken to help guide the development of a turbine noise prediction capability that does not rely on empiricism. As proof-of-concept for this approach, two highly detailed numerical simulations of the unsteady flow field inside the first stage of a modern high-pressure turbine were carried out. The simulations were computed using TURBO, which is an unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes code capable of multi-stage simulations. Spectral and modal analysis of the unsteady pressure data from the numerical simulation of the turbine stage show a circumferential modal distribution that is consistent with the Tyler-Sofrin rule. Within the high-pressure turbine, the interaction of velocity, pressure and temperature fluctuations with the downstream blade rows are all possible tone noise source mechanisms. We have taken the initial step in determining the source strength hierarchy by artificially reducing the level of temperature fluctuations in the turbine flowfield. This was accomplished by changing the vane cooling flow temperature in order to mitigate the vane thermal wake in the second of the two simulations. The results indicated that, despite a dramatic change in the vane cooling flow, the computed modal levels changed very little indicating that the contribution of temperature fluctuations to the overall pressure field is rather small compared with the viscous and potential field interaction mechanisms.
Author
Engine Noise; Acoustic Propagation; Noise Generators; Turbine Engines; Pressure Distribution; Noise Prediction
304
20100015684 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM, USA; Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Symons, Neill P.; Aldridge, David F.; Marlin, David H.; Collier, Sandra L.; Wilson, D. Keith; Ostashev, Vladimir E.; May
2005; 107 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94-AL85000
Report No.(s): DE2009-966592; SAND2006-2540; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This document is intended to serve as a users guide for the time-domain atmospheric acoustic propagation suite
(TDAAPS) program developed as part of the Department of Defense High-Performance Modernization Ofce (HPCMP)
Common High-Performance Computing Scalable Software Initiative (CHSSI). TDAAPS performs staggered-grid finite difference modeling of the acoustic velocity-pressure system with the incorporation of spatially inhomogeneous winds.
NTIS
Acoustic Propagation; Acoustics; Finite Difference Theory; Sound Waves
20100015715 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Vaezy, Shahram, Inventor; Held, Robert, Inventor; Sikdar, Siddhartha, Inventor; Managuli, Ravi, Inventor; Zderic, Vesna,
Inventor; March 2, 2010; 21 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NGT5-40084
Patent Info.: Filed September 16, 2005; US-Patent-7,670,291; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/229,000; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015715
Disclosed herein is a method for obtaining a composite interference-free ultrasound image when non-imaging ultrasound waves would otherwise interfere with ultrasound imaging. A conventional ultrasound imaging system is used to collect frames of ultrasound image data in the presence of non-imaging ultrasound waves, such as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).
The frames are directed to a processor that analyzes the frames to identify portions of the frame that are interference-free.
Interference-free portions of a plurality of different ultrasound image frames are combined to generate a single composite interference-free ultrasound image that is displayed to a user. In this approach, a frequency of the non-imaging ultrasound waves is offset relative to a frequency of the ultrasound imaging waves, such that the interference introduced by the non-imaging ultrasound waves appears in a different portion of the frames.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Imaging Techniques; Ultrasonics; Therapy
20100015748 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO USA
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in Western China
Ritzwoller, Michael H.; Yang, Yingjie; Pasyanos, Michael E.; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FC52-05NA26607; AC52-07NA27344
Report No.(s): AD-A516351; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516351
The goal of ambient noise tomography (ANT) is to improve the calibration of surface-wave propagation in aseismic areas, especially at periods shorter than 20 sec, which are hard to obtain from earthquake surface waves. In earlier work, we improved and optimized the method of ambient noise surface wave tomography for systematic application and applied it to broad-band seismic data obtained in Europe and the western part of the Middle East. The resulting phase and group speed measurements were documented in Ritzwoller et al. (2007). Current work concentrates on the application of ANT in central
Asia, especially western China, where significant data resources are available. The data are taken from about 180 broad-band seismic stations including the permanent Federation of Digital Seismographic Network (FDSN), two regional networks (KZ and KN), and three temporary US PASSCAL installations in and around China: HIMNT (YL), Namche Barwa (XE), and
MIT-CHINA (YA). Cross-correlations are computed in daily segments and then stacked over a three-year period (2002-2004).
Rayleigh wave phase and group speed dispersion curves from 8 sec to 60 sec period are measured using a phase-matched filter, frequency-time analysis technique. The dispersion measurements from our data set are combined with those from Zheng et al. (2008) (using the China National Seismic Network) to perform ambient noise tomography. The resulting group and phase
305
velocity maps demonstrate significant correlation with known geologic features, such as sedimentary basins and lateral variation of crustal thickness.
DTIC
Ambience; China; Noise (Sound); Surface Waves; Tomography; Wave Dispersion
20100015844 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of Communications and Hearing Protection Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound
Attenuation to Low-Intensity Sounds
Henry, Paula; Weatherless, Rachel; Jan 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516860; ARL-TR-5050; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516860
Devices that provide hearing protection, situational awareness, and radio communications are often referred to as
Communications and Hearing Protection Systems (C&HPSs). Soldiers use these systems while deployed to navigate within their environment, communicate with their team members, and protect their hearing. Each of the three features of select
C&HPSs (hearing protection, speech communication, and situational awareness) was evaluated by the U.S. Army Research
Laboratory in order to obtain data that is independent from that provided by the manufacturer. This report is the first in a series of three reports and focuses on the sound attenuation obtained from three commercially available C&HPSs: Sennheiser
SLC-110, Nacre QuietPro, and Silynx QuietOps. Real-ear attenuation at threshold values were obtained for 12 listeners with each of the three systems. The results showed that the Nacre QuietPro provided the greatest amount of attenuation for lowintensity sounds followed by the Silynx QuietOps. The Sennheiser SLC-110 provided the least amount of attenuation and the greatest variability across participants. The general pattern of attenuation provided across stimulus frequencies was similar for all three devices.
DTIC
Acoustic Attenuation; Ear Protectors; Situational Awareness; Sound Transmission; Telecommunication; Voice
Communication
20100015857 Naval Research Lab., Bay Saint Louis, MS USA
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Field, R L; Jarosz, E; Moum, J N; Sep 2007; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516912; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516912
The objective of this work was to determine the extent to which acoustic propagation varies in the vicinity of topographic features where the flow oscillates between laminar and turbulent states. Since these topographic features are ubiquitous in coastal areas, the results will impact ACOMMS performance in these areas. In a recent experiment by Moum and Nash, oceanographic measurements were made around a small bank off the western continental shelf. Temperature, salinity, and turbulent dissipation rate measurements were obtained from this experiment and broadband (9-11kHz) acoustic simulations done to determine the impact of the turbulent sound speed field on acoustic propagation. Acoustic simulations show an overall increase in transmission loss of about 10-15dB within the 10-11KHz band. This corresponds to the times where intense turbulence occurs. The transmission loss correlates well with the turbulent dissipation rate.
DTIC
Acoustic Propagation; Marine Environments; Sound Transmission; Turbulence; Turbulent Boundary Layer
20100015861 Bakhtar Associates, Newport Beach, CA USA
Human Response to Explosion-Induced Noise and Vibrations
Bakhtar, Khosrow; Zimmerman, Hal; Sagal, Ellen; Jenus, Jr, Joseph; Begert, Matthew; Aug 1996; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516931; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516931
Performance evaluation of missiles and small ammunition is usually associated with explosions in which detonation is initiated above or below ground within previously approved test ranges. The magnitude of induced vibrations and noise from these sources are usually difficult to identify and are unconsciously registered as disturbing by the human perceptive system.
In addition, the induced vibration may cause damage to nearby structures, which can result in expensive law suits. With the growth of population and encroachment of civilian neighborhoods onto military test sites, the requirements to condition and
306
control levels of noise and vibrations become more stringent. Similar situations also arise during construction of tunnels or other infrastructures in which explosives are used for excavation in urban areas. Within the test sites, the peak magnitudes of noise and vibrations that can be tolerated by military personnel are usually much higher than those for civilians in urban areas.
This paper provides an insight into assessment of human response to explosion induced noise and vibrations by considering both military and civilian requirements. These requirements are used to develop a method to determine the maximum TNT equivalent weight of explosives that can be detonated at a given site without causing annoyance of civilian population. Also, this paper highlights the importance of the site specific ground conditions on blast-induced vibrations.
DTIC
Explosions; Human Reactions; Responses; Vibration
20100015869 Monopole Research, Thousand Oaks, CA USA
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Bleszynski, Elizabeth H; Bleszynski, Marek C; Jaroszewics, Thomas; Demkowics, L; Gatto, P; Kurtz, J; Paszynski, M;
Rachowicz, W; Hamilton, M; Champlin, C; Dec 31, 2009; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-C-0006
Report No.(s): AD-A516957; MON-09-14L.DEMKOWICZ; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516957
The objective of our effort was 1) to develop mathematical algorithms and high fidelity software tools which would allow identification and understanding of relevant bioacoustic and psychoacoustic mechanisms responsible for the transmission of acoustic energy through non-airborne pathways to the cochlea, and 2) to apply these tools to significantly reduce the cost of subsequent experiments. The integral-equation approach to solution of large elasto-acoustic problems, pursued in this project, offers valuable and unique advantages. The most important of these are: 3) High accuracy characteristic of the integral-equation approach. 4) Applicability to problems involving high-density objects immersed in air, with an exact treatment of the infinite background medium, and with special methods for accurate description of wave penetration through the high-contrast air-tissue interface. 5) Applicability to large problems involving tens of millions of unknowns, and including fine, sub-millimeter scale, geometrical details. 6) An efficient numerical implementation involving non-lossy compression of the stiffness matrix and distributed-memory parallelization. 7) The developed code exhibits an approximately linear scaling of the computational cost with the number of unknowns, and almost perfect speedup with the number of processors. When completed, the developed code should significantly broaden the scope and improve accuracy of realistic biomedical and safety-related application, of particular importance being analysis of effects of noise on human subjects, and assessment and design of noise protection devices. Such simulations are, at present, limited because of prohibitive memory and computational requirements as well as insufficient accuracy of currently available approaches.
DTIC
Acoustics; Bioacoustics; Ear Protectors; Hearing; Protection; Psychoacoustics
20100015871 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of Transmission Loss in a Continental Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill,
Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical Sensitivities
Lermusiaux, Pierre F; Xu, Jinshan; Jan 2010; 39 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0241; N00014-08-1-0586
Report No.(s): AD-A516964; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516964
In this study, we explain and quantify the dynamical causes of striking differences in the acoustic transmission data collected on the shelf and shelfbreak in the north-eastern Taiwan region within the context of the Quantifying, Predicting and
Exploiting (QPE) uncertainty 2008 Pilot Experiment. To do so, we employ our own coupled oceanographic(4D)acoustic(Nx2D) modeling systems with ocean data assimilation and a best-fit depth-dependent geo-acoustic model. For the first time, predictions are compared to the measured acoustic data, showing skill. We also study the sensitivity of our results to uncertainties in several factors, including geo-acoustic parameters, bottom layer thickness, bathymetry and ocean conditions. Our simulations first reveal that the lack of signal received on the shelfbreak is due to a dramatic 20 dB increase in transmission loss (TL) caused by bottom trapping of sound energy during up-slope transmissions over the complex and deeper bathymetry. Sensitivity studies on sediment properties show larger but isotropic TL variations on the shelf and smaller but more anisotropic TL variations over the shelfbreak. Diverse thicknesses of sediments lead to only limited effects on the
TL. The small bathymetric data uncertainty are modeled and also shown to lead to small TL variations. We discover that the
307
initial transport conditions in the Taiwan Strait can affect acoustic transmissions downstream more than 100 km away, especially above shelfbreak. Simulations also reveal internal tides and quantify their spatial and temporal effects on the ocean and acoustic fields.
DTIC
Acoustic Propagation; Marine Environments; Oceans; Predictions; Sound Transmission; Transmission Loss; Underwater
Acoustics
20100015876 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Acoustic Dopplergram for Intruder Defense
Yang, T C; Sep 2007; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516987; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516987
In this paper, the concept of acoustic Dopplergram is introduced for active detection and tracking of an underwater vehicle from fixed platforms. Past experimental data collected at sea are used to illustrate the Dopplergram and determine the Doppler resolution as well as range resolution in target tracking. As an application, the Dopplergram will be used to detect a fast moving underwater intruder in a harbor environment for ship protection.
DTIC
Intrusion; Underwater Vehicles
20100015900 Pennsylvania State Univ., State College, PA USA
Measurement and Analysis of High-Frequency Scattering Statistics and Sound Speed Dispersion
Lyons, Anthony P; Dec 22, 2009; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-04-1-0013
Report No.(s): AD-A517060; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517060
In many cases, clear mechanisms in areas of increased false alarm (FA) are unclear, although possible causes include rock outcrops and seafloor of mixed bottom type (e.g., mixed rock and sand). The long-term goals of this research program aim primarily to address this shortfall by providing knowledge of the exact mechanisms causing false alarms. This knowledge will be used to develop methods for simulating FA and predicting where high FA areas might occur and the influence of parameters such as slope or aspect on FA levels. Of equal importance, will be increasing our understanding of the relationship of the parameters of the K. distribution, now being used for simulating clutter, to real features of the environment. Once mechanisms are established, this effort will also allow the performance of torpedo sonar systems to be predicted for seafloor environments, which will allow the negative impact of non-Rayleigh clutter on detection and classification to be minimized. Knowledge gained might also lead to methods for rapid environmental assessment techniques for the characterization of high false alarm/false target areas.
DTIC
Acoustic Velocity; False Alarms; High Frequencies; Scattering; Sonar; Torpedoes
20100015932 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
Doran, Sheri L; Fredricks, Andrew J; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-WX-2-1159
Report No.(s): AD-A517254; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517254
This paper describes a new approach to numerical solution of the high frequency approximation to the wave equation.
Traditional solutions to the Eikonal equation in high frequency acoustics are obtained via ray tracing. In ray tracing, the numerical grid on which solutions are computed becomes distorted over time as rays diverge from the initial wavefront, reducing the accuracy of the solution. The level set method is a fixed grid method, whereby the user controls the underlying grid, and hence the accuracy, of the solution.
DTIC
Acoustic Propagation; High Frequencies; Set Theory; Sound Transmission; Underwater Acoustics; Wave Equations
308
20100016040 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
Simmen, Jeffrey A; Feb 8, 2010; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0962
Report No.(s): AD-A517379; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Abstracts and agenda cover such topics as: Acoustics; Propagation; Inversion; Signal Processing; Reverberation and
Target Scattering; among other topics.
DTIC
Acoustics; Conferences; Shallow Water; Signal Processing; Underwater Acoustics; Wave Propagation
20100016104 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA
A Brief History of Active Sonar
D’Amico, Angela; Pittenger, Richard; Jan 2009; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517563; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
As background for this special issue on strandings and mid-frequency active sonar (MFAS), this paper presents a brief history of active sonar, tracing the development of MFAS from its origins in the early 20th century through the development of current tactical MFAS.
DTIC
Frequencies; Sonar; Underwater Acoustics; Whales
20100016347 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Hong, Kwanwoo; Bolton, J. Stuart; Cano, Roberto J.; Weiser, Erik S.; Jensen, Brian J.; Silcox, Rich; Howerton, Brian M.;
Maxon, John; Wang, Tongan; Lorenzi, Tyler; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; Joint 159th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of
America and Noise-Con 2010, 19-23 Apr. 2010, Baltimore, MD, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.07.18.03
Report No.(s): NF1676L-10083; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016347
The work described in this paper was focused on the use of a new polyimide foam in a double wall sound transmission loss application. Recall that polyimide foams are functionally attractive, compared to polyurethane foams, for example, owing to their fire resistance. The foam considered here was found to have a flow resistivity that was too high for conventional acoustical applications, and as a result, it was processed by partial crushing to lower the flow resistivity into an acceptable range. Procedures for measuring the flow resistivity and Young s modulus of the material have been described, as was an inverse characterization procedure for estimating the remaining Biot parameters based on standing wave tube measurements of transmission loss and absorption coefficient. The inverse characterization was performed using a finite element model implementation of the Biot poro-elastic material theory. Those parameters were then used to predict the sound transmission loss of a double panel system lined with polyimide foam, and the predictions were compared with full-scale transmission loss measurements. The agreement between the two was reasonable, especially in the high and low frequency limits; however, it was found that the SEA model resulted in an under-prediction of the transmission loss in the mid-frequency range.
Nonetheless, it was concluded that the performance of polyimide foam could be predicted using conventional poro-elastic material models and that polyimide foam may offer an attractive alternative to other double wall linings in certain situations: e.g., when fire resistance is a key issue. Future work will concentrate on reducing the density of the foam to values similar to those used in current aircraft sidewall treatments, and developing procedures to improve the performance of the foam in transmission loss applications.
Author
Transmission Loss; Polyimides; Sound Transmission; Standing Waves; Foams; Modulus of Elasticity; Electrical Resistivity
309
20100016363 Oregon State Univ., Newport, OR USA
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone Array in the Scotia Sea
Mastsumoto, Haru; Bohnenstiehl, Del R.; Dziak, Robert P.; Embley, Robert W.; Park, Minkyu; The Proceedings of the 30th
Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; 7 pp.; In
English; 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008,
Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AI52-08NA28654
Report No.(s): AD-A516428; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The remote area of the Atlantic Ocean near the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Scotia Sea is a region where acoustic surveillance by International Monitoring System (IMS) hydrophones is at best limited. Sound originating in this area is either blocked or hindered by the South Georgia Islands (SGI) and the associated seafloor ridge system, making the region a potential hydroacoustic blind spot for IMS stations. In the spring of 2008, we successfully completed the deployment of a hydrophone array consisting of six autonomous underwater hydrophones (AUHs) in the Scotia Sea area. The array configuration is optimum to study sound propagation through the Antarctic Convergence Zone (ACZ), as well as acoustic blockage and reflection caused by islands and associated seafloor topography. Regional seismo-acoustic signals and episodic harmonic tremor from large icebergs will be utilized as natural sound sources.
DTIC
Antarctic Regions; Autonomy; Deployment; Hydrophones; Seas; Surveillance
72
ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
Includes atomic and molecular structure, electron properties, and atomic and molecular spectra. For elementary particle physics see
73 Nuclear Physics .
20100015256 National Chung Cheng Univ., Chiiaya, Taiwan, Province of China
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial Behavior of Nanoscale Systems
Jeng, Yeau-Ren; Maguire, John; Earn, Tay-Tang; Mar 19, 2010; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-08-1-4085
Report No.(s): AD-A516626; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research is a concerted team effort to investigate the multiscale behavior of materials systems made of nano-materials or nano/bulk-materials. The fundamental understanding of multiscale behavior is the key to the utilization of nano-materials and to the design of material systems contained nano-materials. The research program represents a synergistic effort to investigate different aspects of multiscale phenomena using the computational approaches by a team composed of researchers from AFRL-ML, NCCU of Taiwan and US universities. Mixed atomistic and continuum methods offer the possibility of carrying out simulations of material properties at both larger length scales and longer times than direct atomistic calculations.
The proposed innovative algorithm links atomistic and continuum models through the device of the finite element method which permits a reduction of the full set of atomistic degrees of freedom. This research gives a full description of the proposed innovative algorithm with special reference to the ways in which the method may be used to model crystals with more than a single grain. In this project, we have developed the innovative algorithms in the area of nanomechanics. These approaches were used to studies the nanoindentation size effect, mechanical properties of nanotubes, the effect of adsorbed layers on the mechanical properties of thin films, and the asperity contact at nano-scale interfaces.
DTIC
Mechanical Properties; Nanotechnology; Surface Properties
20100015303 Florida Environmental Research Inst., Tampa, FL USA
Continued Development of the Look-up-table (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
Bissett, W P; Jan 2008; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0370
Report No.(s): AD-A516765; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The overall goal of this work is to refine and validate a spectrum-matching and look-up-table (LUT) technique for rapidly and accurately inverting remotely sensed hyperspectral reflectances to extract environmental information such as watercolumn optical properties, bathymetry, and bottom classification. My colleagues and I are developing and evaluating new
310
techniques for the extraction of environmental information including water-column inherent optical properties (IOPs), shallow-water bathymetry, and bottom classification from remotely-sensed hyperspectral ocean-color spectra. We address the need for rapid, automated interpretation of hyperspectral imagery. The research issues center on development and evaluation of spectrum-matching algorithms, including the generation of confidence metrics for the retrieved information. Dr. Curtis D.
Mobley at Sequoia Scientific, Inc., is leading this effort and he is the author of this report.
DTIC
Classifications; Imagery; Ocean Bottom; Optical Properties; Remote Sensing; Water Color
20100015590 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Development and Demonstration of a Field-Deployable fast Chromotomographic Imager
O’Dell, Daniel; Mar 2010; 91 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516496; AFIT/GEO/ENP/10-M01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
A field deployable hyperspectral imager utilizing chromotomography (CT), with a direct vision prism (DVP) as the dispersive element, has been constructed at AFIT. This research is focused on the construction and characterization of a CT imager as prototype for a follow on International Space Station based instrument. The instrument is currently the fastest known direct vision prism hyperspectral CT imager. The imager was capable of acquiring spectral data for a transient event lasting less than 0.12 s. The ability to identify potassium, sodium, and absorption features from the instrument’s acquired data shows the potential this imager possess. This research has shown that the instrument has the ability to capture data of static scenes, and more importantly, the imager acquired spectral data for rapidly evolving scenes. Because CT imaging has the potential ability to capture spatial and spectral data from transient events, a space-based system may enhance current capabilities of identifying, classifying, and characterizing battlespace events such as artillery/AAA muzzle flashes, detonations, and missile launches.
DTIC
Imagery; Algorithms; Absorption
73
NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Includes nuclear particles; and reactor theory. For space radiation see 93 Space Radiation . For atomic and molecular physics see
72 Atomic and Molecular Physics . For elementary particle physics see 77 Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields . For nuclear astrophysics see 90 Astrophysics .
20100015179 Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
Haas, Derek A; Biegalski, Steven R; Biegalski, Kendra M; Sep 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-05-1-0017
Report No.(s): AD-A516455; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Spectral Deconvolution Analysis Tool (SDAT) software was developed to improve counting statistics and detection limits for nuclear explosion radionuclide measurements. SDAT utilizes spectral deconvolution spectroscopy techniques and can analyze both beta-gamma coincidence spectra for radioxenon isotopes and high-resolution HPGe spectra from aerosol monitors. The deconvolution algorithm of the SDAT requires a library of beta-gamma coincidence spectra of individual radioxenon isotopes to determine isotopic ratios in a sample. In order to get experimentally produced spectra of the individual isotopes, we have irradiated enriched samples of 130Xe, 132Xe, and 134Xe gas with a neutron beam from the TRIGA reactor at The University of Texas. The samples produced were counted in an Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA) style beta-gamma coincidence detector.
DTIC
Isotopes; Neutron Irradiation; Radioactive Isotopes; Spectroscopy; Xenon
20100016111 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA
Thinking About Nuclear Power in Post-Saddam Iraq
Cigar, Norman; Apr 2010; 82 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517573; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This monograph provides an overview and analysis of thinking in Iraq on the issue of nuclear power. Nuclear power has
311
long held a special fascination for Iraq, and despite past controversies, this issue continues to draw the attention of numerous influential Iraqis in the post-Saddam era. Informed public opinion in Iraq today is clearly a more important factor for understanding the background of decisionmaking than it was during the Saddam era, so that this monograph addresses the views of all the sectors of Iraqi society likely to have an input into decisionmaking in this arena. There is an emerging Iraqi consensus on the desirability of a peaceful nuclear program, with arguments supported by the expected benefits for electric power generation, agriculture, and medicine, as well as an eventual transition from oil. National pride is also a motivating factor, as nuclear power is viewed as an indicator of modernity and as proof of being able to keep up with regional neighbors.
As for a military application of nuclear power, those expressing a positive view-all outside the current government-see nuclear weapons as an effective political and military instrument and as necessary to balance Israel’s nuclear arsenal, although their support is voiced on behalf of the Arabs in general rather than using the more sensitive term, Iraq. The belief in the effectiveness of a balance of terror in ensuring security and stability is widespread. Perceptions about a prospective Iranian nuclear weapon, however, most often break down along confessional lines, with most Shi’a welcoming the prospect as a boost to the Shi’a community’s security, while Sunnis continue earlier views of a nuclear-armed Iran as a threat.
DTIC
Iraq; Nuclear Power Plants
20100016286 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
Schuler, Wesley A.; March 2010; 188 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516711; AFIT/GWM/ENP/10-M03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Over the past decade, law enforcement, governmental and public agencies have been stymied by the threat of the trafficking of nuclear materials. During this time span, reports from the International Atomic Energy Agency of illicit trafficking have increased eightfold from 20 to 160. For this reason, nuclear forensics is a burgeoning science focused on the identification of seized special nuclear materials. Identification of these materials is based upon the wealth of information that can be obtained by applying multiple analytical and measurement technologies. All of the information gained from each sample can then be used to further characterize other samples culminating in the inclusion of all of the collected data into a central database. Information must be reported in a timely manner as actionable results need to be presented as quickly as possible if there is to be any attribution for trafficking of nuclear material. Identification parameters such as uranium content, isotopic composition, and levels of impurities can be measured simultaneously in an effort to completely characterize a sample. All of these measurements combined can offer information as to the source of the material and its intended use. Many of the current analytical techniques used in nuclear forensics require extensive sample preparation and offer minimal amounts of information about the sample. Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) is presented as a rapid analytical technique that provides many of these identification parameters with minimal sample preparation. TOF-SIMS spectra were collected on eight different standard reference materials covering a range of stoichiometries and levels of enrichment. Samples included UO2, UO3 and U3O8 stoichiometries ranging from slightly depleted (0.5% 235U) to highly enriched (90.0% 235U) uranium.
DTIC
Mass Spectroscopy; Nuclear Radiation; Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry; Time of Flight Spectrometers; Uranium; Uranium
Oxides
20100016288 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Improving Low Order, Linear, Positive Spatial Quadratures for the Partial Current Neutron Transport Method
Snyder, John M.; March 2010; 65 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ENP10M-08
Report No.(s): AD-A516707; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10M-08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
AFIT researchers have developed a new approach to solving Discrete Ordinates equations, which approximate the linear
Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE). The usual approach is von Neumann iteration on the scattering source, which requires repeated sweeps through the spatial-angular grid. Acceptable convergence requires complicated and expensive acceleration schemes. The new approach, Partial-Current Transport (PCT) with Adaptive Distribution Iteration, eliminates scattering source iteration through matrix inversions and a reduced-size global linear algebra problem. It creates the needed matrices directly from the standard spatial quadratures used in the sweeping. Positivity, linearity, and (higher-than-first-order) accuracy
312
are the key desirable qualities with all Discrete Ordinates methods, but all three, according to Lathrop [8], cannot be achieved simultaneously. If a high order accurate, linear method is used, it can produce negative fluxes. Non-linear methods have been developed that are high-order accurate and positive, but these methods are not widely accepted because the BTE is itself a linear equation. Positive, linear methods are available, but are only first-order accurate. The latter can achieve needed accuracy by using optically-thin cells, but with Source Iteration (SI), this requires a fine grid of many cells, hence large computational expense. My new approach is to partition an optically thick cell into 2N identical sub-cells. Each sub-cell is optically thin enough that first-order accurate spatial quadrature methods are sufficiently accurate as well as being linear and positive. The needed matrices are computed as before for a (thinnest) sub-cell. My algorithm combines the matrices for a pair of sub-cells to get the matrices for a single (merged) sub-cell twice as thick. Merging N times yields the matrices for the original cell.
DTIC
Boltzmann Transport Equation; Neutrons; Quadratures; Transport Theory
74
OPTICS
Includes light phenomena and the theory of optical devices; for specific optical devices see also 35 Instrumentation and Photography .
For lasers see 36 Lasers and Masers .
20100014949 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA
LWIR Microgrid Polarimeter for Remote Sensing Studies
Tyo, J S; Feb 28, 2010; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-08-1-0295
Report No.(s): AD-A515986; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515986
A LWIR microgrid polarimeter was integrated under this DURIP proposal. The FPA was a HgCdTe 640 x 480 array from
DRS with an integrated micropolarizer array. The camera was integrated by SE-IR in Santa Barbara, CA. The system was calibrated and tested at the University of Arizona, and preliminary images are shown in this final report.
DTIC
Polarimeters; Polarimetry; Remote Sensing; Remote Sensors
20100015209 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator (RMC)
Boyce, Nathan O; Mar 2010; 102 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516514; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10M-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This thesis demonstrates a previously untested capability of the Rotating Modulation Collimator (RMC) to image a point-like neutron source. The encouraging results, achieved using low-energy neutrons, provide motivation for further refinement and continued research with higher-energy neutrons. The detector and the masks on an existing RMC imaging system were exchanged to function with neutrons. The source in this research produced a poly-energetic spectrum of neutrons through the reaction. The source of alpha particles was a 72.7 mCi 239Pu source. The RMC detector was located 250 cm from the bare source and operated for three hours to generate a modulation profile: The number of particles detected at each rotation angle of the masks ? it is unique for each source location. The measured modulation profiles were used in a
Maximum-Likelihood-Expectation-Maximization algorithm to reconstruct the images, and a Bootstrap resampling technique was used to determine uncertainty. The reconstructed images exhibited high contrast but low precision. The resampled image locations were widely distributed, but the most frequent value was very accurate. The uncertainty originated from an expectation model that did not account for fast neutron downscatter into the thermal neutron region as well as the fast neutrons streaming through the masks and being detected.
DTIC
Collimators; Fast Neutrons; Imaging Techniques; Modulation; Neutron Sources; Neutrons; Point Sources; Rotation; Thermal
Neutrons; Thermodynamic Properties
313
20100015277 University of South Florida, Saint Petersburg, FL USA
Active Camouflage of Underwater Assets (ACUA)
Carder, Kendall L; Reinersman, Phillip N; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0842
Report No.(s): AD-A516694; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The long-term goals of this research are to develop the control methodology for active cloaking of underwater assets and the initial hardware concepts to test the proposed cloaking approach. This work is a natural extension of ONR Project
N00014-02-1-0211 (Optical Variability and Bottom Classification in Turbid Waters: HyMOM Predictions of the Light Field in Ports and Beneath Ship Hulls) where the perceptibility of underwater assets was modeled. The initial objective of this work is to extend the existing 3-D Hybrid Marine Optical Model (HyMOM) to determine the three-dimensional light structure of representative marine environments in order to calculate the character of the radiance field needed to remove asset contrast with the background. A secondary objective is to develop a practical method to provide the additional radiance necessary to accomplish this task and to make the asset self-aware of its background contrast. Only in this manner will the asset be able to change radiance fields with environmental conditions.
DTIC
Camouflage; Radiance
20100015279 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Yue, Dick K; Liu, Yuming; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0027
Report No.(s): AD-A516696; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The ultimate goal is to develop direct simulation/physics-based forward and inverse capabilities for radiance prediction in a dynamic ocean environment. This direct simulation-based model will include and integrate all of the relevant dynamical processes in the upper ocean surface boundary layer into a physics-based computational prediction capability for the time-dependent radiative transport. Objectives: To include and integrate relevant dynamical processes in the upper ocean surface boundary layer (SBL) into a physics-based computational prediction and inverse capability for the time-dependent radiative transport: * Develop direct simulation of upper ocean hydrodynamic processes and forward prediction of radiative transfer * Obtain understanding, modeling and parameterizations of dependencies of oceanic radiance on the surface wave environment * Provide guidance for field measurements and obtain cross validations and calibrations with direct simulations and modeling * Provide a framework for inverse modeling and reconstruction of ocean surface and above water features based on sensed underwater radiance data To reach these objectives, we had and would continue to have a close collaboration with
Professor Lian Shen of the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) on the modeling of free surface turbulence roughness.
DTIC
Ocean Surface; Oceans; Radiance; Simulation; Surface Waves
20100015281 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Parallel Measurements of Light Scattering and Characterization of Marine Particles in Water: An Evaluation of
Methodology
Stramski, Dariusz; Jan 2008; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0246
Report No.(s): AD-A516698; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The principal objective of this project is to evaluate various techniques for parallel (or nearly-parallel) determinations of light scattering and particle characteristics using a broad suite of experimental approaches and instruments, including both benchtop and in situ instrumentation. A second objective is to characterize variability in the volume scattering function and particle size distribution for various optical water types and samples.
DTIC
Light Scattering; Sea Water
20100015282 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Shen, Lian; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0073
Report No.(s): AD-A516700; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The primary focus of this research is to integrate dynamical processes of wave and turbulence in the upper ocean surface
314
boundary layer (SBL) into a physics-based computational capability for the time-dependent radiative transfer (RT) in the ocean. The combined capability we develop will provide direct forward predictions of the radiance distributions in the upper ocean. We aim to use this capability for understanding the basic features and dependencies of oceanic radiance on the wave environment, to provide guidance and cross-calibration for field measurements, and to validate and benchmark existing and new theories. As an ultimate goal, the proposed direct simulation also provides a framework, in conjunction with sensed radiance data, for the optimal reconstruction of salient features of the ocean surface and the above-water scene.
DTIC
Ocean Surface; Oceans; Radiance; Simulation; Surface Waves
20100015380 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA
Outboard Optical Cable Sensor System and Method
Antonelli, Lynn T, Inventor; Mar 24, 2010; 25 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-D020439; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A plurality of optical sensors are mounted to a housing made of optically conductive material. The housing seals the optical sensors from a water-filled tube which extends through said housing. The optically conductive material provides optical coupling with the water-filled cable tube whereby a plurality of light beams are directed through the housing and the water-filled tube in a predetermined pattern, which provides certainty of the absence or presence of a cable within the water-filled cable tube for a minimum cable diameter regardless of the orientation of the cable within the water-filled tube.
DTIC
Communication Cables; Fiber Optics; Optical Measuring Instruments
20100015394 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
Skinner, Gerald K.; February 19, 2010; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06E090A; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015394
Diffractive X-ray telescopes, using zone plates, phase Fresnel lenses, or related optical elements have the potential to provide astronomers with true imaging capability with resolution many orders of magnitude better than available in any other waveband. Lenses that would be relatively easy to fabricate could have an angular resolution of the order of micro-arc-seconds or even better, that would allow, for example, imaging of the distorted spacetime in the immediate vicinity of the super-massive black holes in the center of active galaxies. What then is precluding their immediate adoption? Extremely long focal lengths, very limited bandwidth, and difficulty stabilizing the image are the main problems. The history, and status of the development of such lenses is reviewed here and the prospects for managing the challenges that they present are discussed.
Author
Active Galaxies; Black Holes (Astronomy); Fabrication; X Ray Telescopes; Gamma Ray Telescopes; Fresnel Lenses;
Diffractive Optics
20100015476 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Spectrally-Temporally Adapted Spectrally Modulated Spectrally Encoded (SMSE) Waveform Design for Coexistent
CR-Based SDR Applications
Like, Eric C.; March 2010; 208 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ENG-10-195
Report No.(s): AD-A516004; AFIT/DEE/ENG/10-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516004
This work expands the applicability of the Spectrally Modulated, Spectrally Encoded (SMSE) framework by developing a waveform optimization process that enables intelligent waveform design. The resultant waveforms are capable of adapting to a spectrally diverse transmission channel while meeting coexistent constraints. SMSE waveform design is investigated with respect to two different forms of coexisting signal constraints, including those based on resultant interference levels and those based on resultant power spectrum shape. As demonstrated, the SMSE framework is well-suited for waveform optimization given its ability to allow independent design of spectral parameters. This utility is greatly enhanced when soft decision selection and dynamic assignment of SMSE design parameters are incorporated. Results show that by exploiting statistical knowledge of primary user spectral and temporal behavior, the inherent flexibility of the SMSE framework is effectively
315
leveraged such that SMSE throughput (Bits/Sec) is maximized while limiting mutual coexistent interference to manageable levels.
DTIC
Frequency Division Multiplexing; Power Spectra; Radio Transmitters; Waveforms
20100015660 Energid Technologies, Cambridge, MA USA
Visual object recognition and tracking
Chang, Chu-Yin, Inventor; English, James D., Inventor; Tardella, Neil M., Inventor; March 16, 2010; 16 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS9-02091
Patent Info.: Filed May 31, 2005; US-Patent-7,680,300; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/141,843; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015660
This invention describes a method for identifying and tracking an object from two-dimensional data pictorially representing said object by an object-tracking system through processing said two-dimensional data using at least one tracker-identifier belonging to the object-tracking system for providing an output signal containing: a) a type of the object, and/or b) a position or an orientation of the object in three-dimensions, and/or c) an articulation or a shape change of said object in said three dimensions.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Pattern Recognition; Optical Tracking; Shapes; Identifying
20100015668 NASA, Washington, DC USA
Micro-LiDAR velocity, temperature, density, concentration sensor
Danehy, Paul M., Inventor; Dorrington, Adrian A., Inventor; March 9, 2010; 9 pp.; In English
Patent Info.: Filed May 30, 2008; US-Patent-7,675,619; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/129,967; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015668
A light scatter sensor includes a sensor body in which are positioned a plurality of optical fibers. The sensor body includes a surface, in one end of each of the optical fibers terminates at the surface of the sensor body. One of the optical fibers is an illumination fiber for emitting light. A plurality of second optical fibers are collection fibers for collecting scattered light signals. A light sensor processor is connected to the collection fibers to detect the scattered light signals.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Optical Fibers; Optical Radar; Microoptoelectromechanical Systems; Optoelectronic Devices
20100015719 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Ponce, Adrian, Inventor; Kossakovski, Dmitri A., Inventor; Bearman, Gregory H., Inventor; January 26, 2010; 9 pp.; In
English
Patent Info.: Filed February 26, 2002; US-Patent-7,651,862; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/469,216; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015719
Optical time domain reflectometry caused by absorption of a volatile or analyte into the fiber optic cladding is used as an optical nose. The fiber optics (14) are covered with a gas permeable film (44) which is patterned to leave millimeter wide gas permeable notches (48a-48d). The notches contain a sensing polymer that responds to different gases by expanding or contracting.
Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Environmental Monitoring; Optical Measurement; Cladding; Plastic Coatings; Fiber Optics; Millimeter Waves
20100015752 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
Dorrington, Adrian A.; Jones, Thomas W.; Danehy, Paul M.; Applied Optics; December 20, 2004; Volume 43, No. 36, pp. 6629-6638; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.43.006629
Laser-induced fluorescence target generation in dye-doped polymer films has recently been introduced as a promising
316
alternative to more traditional photogrammetric targeting techniques for surface profiling of highly transparent or reflective membrane structures. We investigate the photophysics of these dye-doped polymers to help determine their long-term durability and suitability for laser-induced fluorescence photogrammetric targeting. These investigations included experimental analysis of the fluorescence emission pattern, spectral content, temporal lifetime, linearity, and half-life. Results are presented that reveal an emission pattern wider than normal Lambertian diffuse surface scatter, a fluorescence time constant of 6.6 ns, a pump saturation level of approximately 20 micro J/mm(exp 2), and a useful lifetime of more than 300,000 measurements. Furthermore, two demonstrations of photogrammetric measurements by laser-induced fluorescence targeting are presented, showing agreement between photogrammetric and physically measured dimensions within the measurement scatter of 100 micron.
Author
Doped Crystals; Laser Induced Fluorescence; Lasers; Photogrammetry; Polymeric Films
20100015852 Maine Univ., Orono, ME USA
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey Bay, California
Chai, Fei; Boss, Emmanuel; Jan 2008; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0273
Report No.(s): AD-A516870; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516870
1) To improve performance of the coupled physical-biological model, which is based on the Navy Coastal Ocean Model
(NCOM) and Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) for the California Current System (CCS); 2) To incorporate optical variables into the improved coupled 3D physical-biological model for the CCS; 3) To use these variables to drive a radiative transfer model (EcoLight) that will simulate and predict the subsurface light field as well as the ocean’s color; 4) To conduct
NCOM-biological-optical model simulations for the Monterey Bay for the period of the intensive field experiments, such as
BioSpace in Monterey Bay 2008 (June 2008), and use the biooptical measurements to constrain and improve the model performance.
DTIC
Coasts; Monterey Bay (CA); Navy; Ocean Models; Optical Properties; Physical Optics; Simulation
20100015864 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Effects of Channel Mismatches on Beamforming and Signal Detection
Allen, Christopher I; Mar 2010; 212 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516940; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516940
Tuner gain measurements of a multichannel receiver are reported. A linear regression model is used to characterize the gain, as a function of channel number, tuner set-on frequency, and intermediate frequency. Residual errors of this model are characterized by a t distribution. Very strong autocorrelation of tuner gain at various frequencies is noted. Tuner performance from one channel to the next is diverse; several defects at specific frequencies are noted. The Wilcoxon signed rank test is used to test normality of tuner gain among devices; normality is rejected. Antenna directivity and phase pattern measurements are also reported. An antenna element pattern is presented, along with residual errors. An array pattern model is constructed using steering vectors. Simulated gain and phase mismatches are used to predict their effects on antenna beamforming and signal detection.
DTIC
Beamforming; Intermediate Frequencies; Signal Detection
20100016058 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Increased Underwater Optical Imaging Performance via Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Jaffe, Jules S; Jan 2008; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-1045
Report No.(s): AD-A517440; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The major goal of this project is to explore the possibility of using Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles for increasing the performance of underwater optical imaging systems. The main objective, in this context, is to simulate the potential benefits that multiple vehicles can have in increasing the range, imaging footprint, and potentially 3-dimensional applications that can be afforded using this new approach. This report details the Year 2 efforts that culminated in the execution
317
of an experiment that was performed just a week ago (September, 2008) on a cruise in the Santa Barbara channel.
DTIC
Autonomy; Images; Imaging Techniques; Underwater Vehicles
20100016064 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA USA
Measurement of Time Varying Volume Scatter
Jaffe, Jules S; Jan 2008; 5 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0115
Report No.(s): AD-A517447; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The major long-term scientific goal of this program is to understand the small-scale optical properties of the ocean. This includes the spatial and temporal inhomogeneities that occur naturally over scales from km to mm. The importance of this area of inquiry is underscored by both environmental and practical concerns. In an environmental context, the radiative transfer of light in the ocean is dependent on not only the average but also the small scale (cm - m) optical properties. The role that these inhomogeneities play in light transmission is unexplored to due a lack of in-situ data. In a practical sense, improved characterization of the environment is critical in understanding and predicting the outcome of Navy systems that are in and also planned for use.
DTIC
Oceans; Optical Properties; Time Measurement
20100016094 Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN USA
Photonic Synthesis and Processing of Ultrabroadband Radio-Frequency Waveforms
Weiner, Andrew M; Nov 17, 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-03-1-0275
Report No.(s): AD-A517538; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The overall objective of this project was to investigate the use of broadband photonic techniques, initially developed in the context of ultrafast optics, for synthesis and processing of ultrabroadband radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic signals, with an emphasis of signals beyond the speed and bandwidth limits of direct electronic solutions. Although much of the work performed falls into FCC’s 3.1-10.6 GHz UWB band, our methods are directly applicable also to higher frequency bands, with results demonstrated up to 50 GHz.
DTIC
Broadband; Photonics; Radio Frequencies; Waveforms
20100016095 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA
Coherent Atom Optics with Optical Potentials: A Summary of New Phenomena with Bose-Einstein Condensates at the
University of Arizona
Anderson, Brian P; Oct 8, 2009; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-03-1-0368
Report No.(s): AD-A517545; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) laboratory at the University of Arizona has built a program of research that focuses on two areas of BEC physics. First, we developed techniques necessary to experimentally investigate dynamic quasi-condensed states. With our system, we have instituted new directions of experimental BEC physics: studying spontaneous formation of topological defects during the BEC phase transition, and studying transitions to superfluid turbulent states. As phase transitions and turbulence occur throughout natural phenomena, this work is further relevant to a wide range of subjects in physics. Our first published results have been enabled using the support of ARO award DAAD19-03-1-0368; our research in these areas is also ongoing. Our second main efforts have revolved around refining capabilities for studying and manipulating vortices and ultra-cold gases in disc-shaped and annular potentials using optical potentials, with a particular eye towards quantum engineering of vortex and persistent current states. These efforts involve often separate areas of investigation: manipulating condensates with laser light, two-dimensional physics, fluid dynamics and turbulence, phasetransition dynamics, and vortices and persistent currents. Our efforts are collaborative, with theoretical work at multiple universities and experimental work in Arizona progressing in tandem.
DTIC
Atom Optics; Bose-Einstein Condensates; Potential Theory
318
75
PLASMA PHYSICS
Includes magnetohydrodynamics and plasma fusion. For ionospheric plasmas see 46 Geophysics . For space plasmas see
90 Astrophysics .
20100014815 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux Pileup Saturation Problem?
Dorelli, John C.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 13176-10 ST Yosemite 2010 Interdisciplinary Workshop, 7-14 Feb. 2010, San
Francisco, CA, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014815
It is well known that magnetic flux pileup can significantly speed up the rate of magnetic reconnection in high Lundquist number resistive MHD,allowing reconnection to proceed at a rate which is insensitive to the plasma resistivity over a wide range of Lundquist number. Hence, pileup is a possible solution to the Sweet-Parker time scale problem. Unfortunately, pileup tends to saturate above a critical value of the Lundquist number, S_c, where the value ofS_c depends on initial and boundary conditions, with Sweet-Parker scaling returning above S_c. It has been argued (see Dorelli and Bim [2003] and Dorelli [2003]) that the Hall effect can allow flux pileup to saturate (when the scale of the current sheet approaches ion inertial scale, di) before the reconnection rate begins to stall. However, the resulting saturated reconnection rate, while insensitive to the plasma resistivity, was found to depend strongly on the di. In this presentation, we revisit the problem of magnetic island coalescence
(which is a well known example of flux pileup reconnection), addressing the dependence of the maximum coalescence rate on the ratio of di in the ‘large island’ limit in which the following inequality is always satisfied: l_eta di lambda, where I_eta is the resistive diffusion length and lambda is the island wavelength.
Author
Magnetic Flux; Hall Effect; Current Sheets; Boundary Conditions; Magnetic Field Reconnection; Electrical Resistivity;
Plasmas (Physics); Diffusion Length
20100015505 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
Sahraoui, Fouad; Goldstein, Melvyn L.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind Turbulence at
Electron Scales: Whistlers of Kinetic Alfven Waves?, 13-18 Dec. 2009, San Francisco, CA, USA; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources; Abstract Only
Over the past few decades, large-scales solar wind (SW) turbulence has been studied extensively, both theoretically and observationally. Observed power spectra of the low frequency turbulence, which can be described in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) limit, are shown to obey the Kolmogorov scaling, $k"{ -5/3 }$, down the local proton gyrofrequency ($C{ci} \sim O.l$-Hz). Turbulence at frequencies above $C{ci}$ has not been thoroughly investigated and remains far less well understood. Above $C{ ci}$ the spectrum steepens to $\sim f"{ -2.5}$ and a debate exists as to whether the turbulence has become dominated by dispersive kinetic Alfven waves (KA W) or by whistler waves, before it is dissipated at small scales, In a case study Sahraoui et al., PRL (2009) have reported the first direct determination of the dissipation range of solar wind turbulence near the electron gyroscale using the high resolution Cluster magnetic and electric field data (up to $10‘2$-Hz in the spacecraft reference frame). Above the Doppler-shifted proton scale $C{\rho i}$ a new inertial range with a scaling $\sim f"{ -2.3}$ has been evidenced and shown to remarkably agree with theoretical predictions of a quasi-two-dimensional cascade into KA W turbulence. Here, we use a wider sample of data sets of small scale
SW turbulence under different plasma conditions, and investigate under which physical criteria the KA W (or the whistler) turbulence may be observed to carry out the cascade at small scales, These new observations/criteria are compared to the predictions on the cascade and the (kinetic) dissipation from the Vlasov theory. Implications of the results on the heating problem of the solar wind will be discussed.
Author
Solar Wind; Turbulence; Gyrofrequency; Electric Fields; Magnetic Fields; Plasma Waves; Coordinates; Doppler Effect
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76
SOLID-STATE PHYSICS
Includes condensed matter physics, crystallography, and superconductivity. For related information see also 33 Electronics and
Electrical Engineering ; and 36 Lasers and Masers .
20100015206 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Optical and Electrical Characterization of Bulk Grown Indium-Gallium-Arsenide Alloys
Bergstrom, Austin C; Mar 2010; 91 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516507; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Advances in crystal growth techniques have allowed increased quality in growth of bulk ternary InxGa1-xAs. Here, the optical and electrical properties of samples grown through the vertical Bridgman (or multi-component zone melting growth) method have been investigated through photoluminescence spectroscopy and Hall effect measurements. Indium mole fractions varied from 0.75 for 1. Hall effect measurements at temperatures ranging from 10 to 300 K revealed moderate n-type doping with carrier concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 9.6x10 to the 16th power cm-3 at 10 to 15 K. Carriers from deep donor levels became appreciable between 50 and 100 K. Hall mobility increased with rising indium content, and mobility values at 15 K ranged from 1.5x10000 cm2/(V dot s) for In0.75Ga0.25As to 3.5x10000 cm2/(V dot s) for InAs. Mobility variation with temperature showed ionized impurity scattering to be dominant at low temperatures with optical phonon scattering becoming dominant near 100 K. Laser excitation power dependent photoluminescence measurements were performed at 12 K, and temperature dependent photoluminescence measurements were performed at temperatures ranging from approximately 12 to
140 K. Photoluminescence measurements showed band-to-band and donor-acceptor pair transitions. 12 K band-to-band photoluminescence peak positions loosely followed predicted band gaps, and position dependent photoluminescence measurements revealed varying degrees of uniformity across the samples studied.
DTIC
Alloys; Crystal Growth; Indium Gallium Arsenides
20100015811 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
AFM-Patterned 2-D Thin-Film Photonic Crystal Analyzed by Complete Angle Scatter
Herr, Nicholas C; Mar 2010; 88 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516752; AFIT/GMS/ENP/10-M01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516752
The purpose of this research was to use an atomic force microscope (AFM) to generate a 2-D square array of sub-wavelength surface features from a single material over a region large enough to permit optical characterization. This work is an extension of previous AFIT nano-patterning work and is in response to the small subunit sizes demanded for the production of optical metamaterials and photonic crystals. A diamond nano-indentation AFM probe was used to produce a
325-µm by 200-µm array of indentations in a 120-nm thick polystyrene film deposited on silicon. Indentation spacing of 400 nm produced well-defined surface features with a maximum height of 140 nm. The full size array was achieved by tiling together single arrays, limited in size by the AFM scanner range, through the use of the AFM?s translation stage. A Complete
Angle Scatter Instrument (CASI) was used (beam focused to 140 µm) to determine scatter at incident angles ranging from 0 to 80 degrees. Two wavelengths were investigated (633 and 544 nm) at both s and p-polarization. Negative first order diffraction peaks were observed for both wavelengths and were consistent with feature spacing. This is the first demonstration of an AFM-patterned surface to behave as a 2D photonic crystal and has potential DoD applications in laser eye protection, enhanced solar cell efficiency, satellite thermal management, and anti-reflection coatings for high power laser optics.
DTIC
Crystals; Thin Films
20100016340 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface Interactions for Various Acoustic-
Atomic Force Microscopies
Cantrell, John H., Jr.; Cantrell, Sean A.; April 2008; 56 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 698259.02.07.07.02
Report No.(s): LF99-5521; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016340
A comprehensive analytical model of the interaction of the cantilever tip of the atomic force microscope (AFM) with the
320
sample surface is developed that accounts for the nonlinearity of the tip-surface interaction force. The interaction is modeled as a nonlinear spring coupled at opposite ends to linear springs representing cantilever and sample surface oscillators. The model leads to a pair of coupled nonlinear differential equations that are solved analytically using a standard iteration procedure. Solutions are obtained for the phase and amplitude signals generated by various acoustic-atomic force microscope
(A-AFM) techniques including force modulation microscopy, atomic force acoustic microscopy, ultrasonic force microscopy, heterodyne force microscopy, resonant difference-frequency atomic force ultrasonic microscopy (RDF-AFUM), and the commonly used intermittent contact mode (TappingMode) generally available on AFMs. The solutions are used to obtain a quantitative measure of image contrast resulting from variations in the Young modulus of the sample for the amplitude and phase images generated by the A-AFM techniques. Application of the model to RDF-AFUM and intermittent soft contact phase images of LaRC-cp2 polyimide polymer is discussed. The model predicts variations in the Young modulus of the material of 24 percent from the RDF-AFUM image and 18 percent from the intermittent soft contact image. Both predictions are in good agreement with the literature value of 21 percent obtained from independent, macroscopic measurements of sheet polymer material.
Author
Atomic Force Microscopy; Surface Reactions; Modulation; Modulus of Elasticity; Atoms; Mathematical Models; Oscillators
77
PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and statistical mechanics. For related information see also 72 Atomic and Molecular
Physics, 73 Nuclear Physics , and 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry .
20100016000 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Investigation of Thermal Management and Metamaterials
Roman, Calvin T; Mar 2010; 198 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517273; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-26; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Thermal metamaterials are materials composed of engineered, microscopic structures that exhibit unique thermal performance characteristics based primarily on their physical structures and patterning, rather than just their chemical composition or bulk material properties. The heat transfer performance attributes of the thermal metamaterial are such that similar performance cannot be obtained using conventional materials or compounds. Thermal metamaterials are an emerging technology, and are just now beginning to be acknowledged and developed by the microelectronics and material sciences community. This thesis effort analyzed the current state of thermal metamaterial research, examined the physics and theory of heat transfer and electrical conductivity in thin film microelectronic designs, and then developed, modeled, fabricated, and characterized a series of ten proof-of-concept thermal metamaterial devices. Modeling and testing of these microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based thermal metamaterial prototypes showed that the electrical and thermal conductivity of the devices can be switched within a certain operational range, and that this switching is a function of actuation of the metamaterial?s structural elements, not just its chemical composition. In addition, this thesis presented the physics and fundamental principles of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This background work supported later detailed description of a series of prototype CNT braided ropes. The diameter, electrical resistivity and conductivity, and heat transfer characteristics of these
CNT braided rope prototypes was determined. These unique prototypes exhibited performance attributes that should prove useful to future thermal metamaterial designs.
DTIC
Electrical Resistivity; Heat Transfer; Temperature Control; Thermal Conductivity; Thermodynamic Properties
20100016081 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Design of a Film Cooling Experiment for Rocket Engines
Sincock, Andrew L; Mar 2010; 155 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517498; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M23; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Film Cooling Rig (FCR) is a new test rig at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) to study film cooling for rocket engine applications. The original researcher designed, built, and then utilized the FCR to study radial curvature effects on film cooling for a non-combustion environment. This effort modified the FCR by adding propane-air combustion. Modular stainless steel test sections were produced to allow study of various curvatures and coolant injection angles. A pre-mixed burner was designed and built to deliver main flow mass flow rates necessary to produce blowing ratios as low as 0.5. A water
321
cooling system was designed for the entire FCR, but only implemented for the curved test sections. Instrumentation in this system allows calculation of the average heat flux to the test section. Once the necessary FCR and lab modifications were accomplished, the operating range of the FCR was developed and tested using infrared thermography. Surface temperature measurements near the cooling hole showed no cooling effect for 13 major test configurations, and many more minor variations. The lack of cooling was caused by inadequate spreading of the burner flow to the test section wall. Without the necessary main flow momentum across the test section wall, the coolant flow did not turn and adhere to the wall. Instead, it jetted into the main flow without cooling the wall as expected. Recommendations included modifications to the existing rig to correct the main flow issue, along with a completely new FCR design incorporating the lessons learned from this research to produce a simpler, more effective rig. The new design allows the laser and infrared diagnostics of the first rig without the manufacturing complications that hindered testing in the first FCR.
DTIC
Film Cooling; Rocket Engines
80
SOCIAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to sociology; educational programs and curricula. For specific topics in these areas see categories 81 through 85 .
20100014807 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
The Internship: The Practice Field of Professional Training
Smith, Ramsey L.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The internship process can be difficult to navigate. Going into an internship with an open mind and prepared to conquer the academic challenges you will face will result in a wonderful professional development experience. From the application process to how to conduct yourself once you get the job, most students are left to fend for themselves when they face these situations. This presentation will help you avoid some pitfalls and assist in maximizing your internship experience.
Author
Education; Students
82
DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. For computer program documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software .
20100014932 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Towards Measuring the Performance of Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
Schlenoff, Craig; Welsch, Lawrence A; Madhavan, Raj; Zimmerman, Noah; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515934; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515934
For a vehicular system to act intelligent, the system must be able to: (1) sense in a dynamic domain; (2) model the domain internally; (3) determine possible courses of action to accomplish a goal in the domain; and (4) be able to assess the various courses of actions to determine which is best. The actions that the system ultimately performs are a function of all of these components. Solely assigning performance metrics to the resultant action of the intelligent system does not evaluate any one of these components individually, and therefore leaves some doubt as to how to measure what each component contributes to the overall behavior of the system. Thus we are not looking at a single number, but a matrix of numbers that characterize the performance of the system. In this paper, we are exploring a mechanism to assign performance metrics to the part of the system that models the domain internally, the internal knowledge representation of intelligent vehicular systems. We do not consider that part of a system that translates the raw sensory input from a vehicle’s sensors to other representations. Rather we simulate a predefined set of sensory inputs, and evaluate the resulting knowledge representation based.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Autonomy; Computers; Knowledge Based Systems; Logic Design
322
20100014937 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Measuring the Impact of Information on Complex Systems
Reeker, Larry H; Jones, Albert T; Sep 2001; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515943; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515943
The application of power-driven machinery to manufacturing and other areas of human endeavor characterized the
Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. Measurement contributed in many ways to the increasing economic influence of these machines. Using formal or informal physical principles, metrics and measurement techniques were found that allowed the comparison of machine performance (evaluation), the development of machines with the needed qualities
(engineering), and the coordination of machines within factories (integration). The required physical dimensions were space, time, and mass, and the common physical quantities derived from these three; and, for these quantities, measurement techniques were established. In the Information Revolution begun in the 20th Century, measuring information is also vital to the continued influence of machines. Unfortunately, information is not as well understood, as are physical constructs. It seems to have an unlimited number of dimensions, and no generally accepted metrics or measurement procedures. So how do we measure the impact of information in the 21st Century? This paper sketches research directions that may help to answer this question and it stresses the importance of obtaining an answer.
DTIC
Complex Systems; Information Systems; Measurement
20100014938 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA
Semiotic Fundamentals of Information Processing in Human Brain
Perlovsky, Leonid I; Aug 2002; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515949; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515949
The paper discusses a mathematical nature of signs and symbols, and relates it to information processing and understanding, structure of the mind and brain, learning, and pattern recognition. I discuss past limitations of algorithms and neural networks, combinatorial complexity, the roles of concepts and emotions in mind’s mechanisms, and various types of logic underlying mathematical techniques. A mathematical theory of semiosis, adaptive processes of sign interpretation, is described; it includes a similarity measure between signals and internal representations and fuzzy dynamic logic, a mechanism of the similarity maximization. Mathematical mechanisms of sign and symbol processing are presented and related to the functioning of mind.
DTIC
Brain; Data Processing
20100014950 Army Communications-Electronics Command, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
Dawidowicz, Edward; Aug 2002; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515988; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515988
The demand for effective and expediently made decisions is always in vogue. This is not surprising since making correct decisions is essential for successful operations in both military and business environments. Decisions require data processed for quality, concept, and context. Time is spent weighing information for quality, fusing information into concepts, and packaging information for contextual relevance. The network-centric paradigm allows for access to additional, previously unreachable, sources of information. While there is a benefit to getting more information, the time spent weighing information for quality, fusing information into concepts, and packaging it for contextual relevance also is increasing. Without a dramatic decrease in information processing time, the network-centric paradigm will not achieve its full potential. The purpose of this paper is to propose a solution to the information overflow problem. The solution involves a system of cognitive agents in which agents are located at every information processing node. These cognitive agents, or intelligent nodes, consist of machines and human-machine hybrids. Military processes are used in this paper to illustrate the application of a multi-agent cognitive framework as a decision-making aid for collaborative decision making.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Command and Control; Communication Networks; Data Processing; Decision Making; Intelligence
323
20100014965 National Coordination Office for Computing, Information and Communications, Arlington, VA USA
Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program. Supplement to the President’s Budget for Fiscal Year 2011
Feb 2010; 38 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516034; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516034
This Supplement to the President’s Fiscal Year (FY) 2011 Budget provides a technical summary of the budget request for the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program, as required by the High-
Performance Computing Act of 1991 (P.L. 102-194), the Next Generation Internet Research Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-305), and the America COMPETES Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-69). The NITRD Program, now in its 19th year, provides a framework and mechanisms for coordination among Federal agencies that support R&D in advanced networking and information technology.
The NITRD Supplement describes the FY 2011 networking and information technology R&D plans and current technical and coordination activities of the 13 Federal member agencies currently in the NITRD budget crosscut as well as other agencies that are not formal members of the Program but participate in NITRD activities. The Program expects to welcome the
Department of Homeland Security (DHS), which has been a participant, as a NITRD member agency this year. In the NITRD
Program, the term ?agency? may refer to a department, a major departmental subdivision, or a research office or laboratory.
NITRD activities and plans are coordinated in eight Program Component Areas (PCAs): high-end computing infrastructure and applications (HEC I&A); high-end computing research and development (HEC R&D); cyber security and information assurance (CSIA); human computer interaction and information management (HCI&IM); large-scale networking (LSN); software design and productivity (SDP); high-confidence software and systems (HCSS); and social, economic, and workforce implications of IT and IT workforce development (SEW). Agency program managers in each PCA meet monthly in an
Interagency Working Group (IWG) or a Coordinating Group (CG) to exchange information and coordinate research plans and activities such as workshops and solicitations. Overall NITRD Program coordination is carried out by the Subcommittee on
Networki
DTIC
Computers; Federal Budgets; Information Systems; Research and Development
20100014972 Aptima, Inc., Washington , DC USA
Collaborative Critical Thinking
Freeman, Jared; Serfaty, Daniel; MacMillan, Jean; Hess, Kathy; Littleton, Beth; Coovert, Michael; Jan 16, 2003; 39 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516049; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516049
Goal: effective collaboration * Collaboration at a distance - enabled by network connectivity - is central to 21st century
Command and Control * Collaboration technology capabilities have outpaced understanding of collaboration * Need insight into the cognitive processes involved in effective collaborative in order to best design and use the technology Our focus: collaborative critical thinking. Our objectives: Define, measure, and strengthen CCT w/ tools and training.
DTIC
Cognition; Software Development Tools
20100014974 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative Transfer of Situational Understanding
Kirsh, David; Rebotier, Thomas; Jan 2003; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516053; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516053
Overall Objectives 1. Develop guidelines * how best to annotate videos and video annotate stills so as to improve shared understanding * simulate realistic planning contexts in order to determine how planners and analysts should annotate stills and videos to make better decisions 2. Experimentally discover media factors affecting: * Shared Understanding - explicit and operational knowledge * Decision-Making - what information format best helps decision-makers * Video-Augmented
Collaboration - is collaboration improved by using annotation on video as a method of situating problem solving and discussion 3. Deepen Theoretical Framework * Distributed Cognition * Knowing That vs. Knowing How .
DTIC
Cognition; Information Management; Mental Performance; Situational Awareness
324
20100014975 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment
Fleming, Robert; Jan 2003; 60 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516055; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516055
DCODE Objectives: * Overall: * Enhance the ability of asynchronously distributed group decision makers to share their
UI... * Improve overall group decision quality through the effective integration/weighting of shared UI items without imposing an excessive cognitive burden * This Year: * Expand conceptual model designed to address these issues * Experimental verification of selected model concepts * Interface with EWALL technologies.
DTIC
Cognition; Decision Making; Decision Support Systems; Information Management
20100014977 Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ USA
Measuring Collaborative Cognition
Cooke, Nancy J; Jan 2003; 51 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516057; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516057
Overview * What is Collaborative Cognition? * A Focus on Measurement * Assessing Collaborative Performance &
Cognition * Toward Diagnosis of Collaborative Performance * Conclusions
DTIC
Cognition; Measurement
20100014985 Groningen Rijksuniv., Netherlands
Performance Characteristics of Planning Actors van Wezel, Wout; Jorna, Rene; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516075; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516075
Planning is a field of interest in many scientific disciplines. These scientific areas cover a multitude of planning approaches that at first sight do not have much in common: psycho-physiological analyses, organizational science, linguistics, cognitive science, operations research, and spatial science, to name just a view. The differences in ontologies and methods used make it difficult to make statements that transcend the mono-disciplinary perspectives. Still, no matter the research field, planning always concerns anticipating on the future and determining courses of action. As a consequence, there must also be similarities between the various approaches that deal with planning. This paper proposes a number of characteristics that can be used to analyze the differences and similarities in performance of different kinds of planning actors.
DTIC
Management Planning; Planning
20100014989 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
A Native Intelligence Metric for Artificial Systems
Horst, John A; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516080; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516080
We define native intelligence as the specified complexity inherent in the information content of an artificial system. The artificial system is defined as a system that can be encoded in some general purpose language, expressed minimally as some finite length bit string, and decoded by a finite set of rules defined a priori. Using this definition of native intelligence, we employ a chance elimination argument in the literature to form a simple, but promising native intelligence metric. Several anticipated objections to this native intelligence metric are discussed.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Intelligence; Set Theory
325
20100014992 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
A New Classification of Information: A Step on the Road to Interpretability
Reeker, Larry H; Jones, Albert T; Aug 2002; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516088; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516088
Complex systems, such as manufacturing supply chains, are often modeled as a collection of interacting components with information flows between them. These components are frequently responsible for making a wide range of decisions that are implemented using an optimization, heuristic, or control technique. The traditional approach to system performance focuses on the performance of these components. The view has been that to improve the system performance one had only to develop better techniques. In this paper, we argue that inadequate attention has been paid to the relationship between information and system performance. Information has played an important role in the manufacturing systems of the past. It will play a dominant role in the Internet-based manufacturing systems of the future. To better design, engineer, implement, and control these systems, we need a fundamental understanding of information and its effects on system dynamics. This paper contends that we need a new characterization of information, a delineation of its salient properties, quantitative metrics for those properties, methods for computing these metrics, and linkages between these metrics and system performance. We focus principally on the first of these, a new characterization of information, and discuss the implications of suggested characterizations for metrics and their measurement, suggesting some approaches for further research.
DTIC
Chaos; Classifications; Data Processing; Decision Making; Roads; Systems Analysis
20100015000 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment (DCODE)
Fleming, Robert A; Broyles, James W; Letsky, Michael; Jan 2002; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516118; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516118
Background/Problem: Many military decision making environments consist of: Distributed participants (time/place);
Participants that have both shared (public) and uniquely held decision-relevant information; Research (Stasser et al) indicates that uniquely held information is often not exchanged between the participants (emphasis is on the public information); Result is that decisions are based on missing and partial information; Particularly serious in hidden profile situations. DCODE
Objectives: Stasser’s work is based on traditional face-to-face meeting situations. Determine if the results are the same for decision making in a time/place asynchronous collaborative environment? In a computer-based, on-line distributive decision making task, develop procedures and technologies that enhance the exchange of decision-relevant uniquely held information.
Have group decision makers reach Collective Intelligence, i.e. all relevant, uniquely held information is moved into the shared, public domain.
DTIC
Decision Making; Group Dynamics
20100015153 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA
Non-Kinetic Shaping Operations: The Soviet Information Campaign Supporting the Invasion of Afghanistan
Coleman, Lawrence; Jan 2009; 35 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516316; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The information campaign that the Soviet Union conducted in support of the 1979 invasion of Afghanistan, is a historical example of how information operations can shape the battlefield and set the conditions for tactical and operational level victory. On December 27th 1979 the Soviet Union initiated their first, and last, military operation outside the Soviet Bloc when they invaded the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. Soviet-Afghan relations started in 1919 and as the Cold War developed,
Afghanistan became vital to the national security of the Soviet Union, In 1978 Afghanistan was in turmoil and a revolution against the Marxist-Leninist regime threatened to overthrow the government and end Soviet influence in the area. The Soviet
Politburo felt threatened by the USA as well as by the Islamic fundamentalist movement that had already taken root in Iran and Pakistan. They came to the determination that military intervention was necessary for them to maintain their sphere of influence and protect their Central Asian border. Following a combined air-ground invasion and a coordinated deception effort the Soviet 40th Army executed a coup de main in the capital city to replace the ruling government. Coordinated and synchronized attacks confused and disoriented the Afghan army so they were incapable of mounting a defense. Within 48 hours the Soviets achieved their operational objectives with minimal casualties. In the background, an’ information campaign helped to shape the strategic and operational environment surrounding the invasion. The Soviets used information and
326
propaganda initially to gain domestic support and diminish the international opposition to their actions. They also used information in conjunction with active measures to deceive the government and Army of Afghanistan and achieve operational and tactical surprise that was critical to the success of the invasion. The Soviet Union had effectively used Information
Operations (Io) to shape the battle
DTIC
Afghanistan; Military Operations
20100015167 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA
CYBERSECURITY: Continued Efforts Are Needed to Protect Information Systems From Evolving Threats
Wilshusen, Gregory C; Powner, David A; Nov 17, 2009; 25 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516401; GAO-10-230T; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
As computer technology has advanced, federal agencies have become dependent on computerized information systems to carry out their operations and to process, maintain, and report essential information. Virtually all federal operations are supported by automated systems and electronic data, and agencies would find it difficult, if not impossible, to carry out their missions, deliver services to the public, and account for their resources without these information assets. Information security is thus especially important for federal agencies to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their information and information systems. Conversely, ineffective information security controls can result in significant risk to a broad array of government operations and assets. Examples of such risks include the following: Resources, such as federal payments and collections, could be lost or stolen. Computer resources could be used for unauthorized purposes or to launch attacks on other computer systems. Sensitive information, such as taxpayer data, Social Security records, medical records, intellectual property, and proprietary business information, could be inappropriately disclosed, browsed, or copied for purposes of identity theft, espionage, or other types of crime. Critical operations, such as those supporting critical infrastructure, national defense, and emergency services, could be disrupted. Data could be added, modified, or deleted for purposes of fraud, subterfuge, or disruption.
DTIC
Computer Techniques; Information Systems; Security
20100015184 Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
Austin, Eva-Marie; Apr 17, 2009; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516467; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
During Fiscal Year (FY) 2008, Walter Reed Army Medical Center lost approximately $2,292 million in justifications through the Performance Based Adjustment Model (PBAM) due to incomplete encounters produced in the Standard
Ambulatory Data Report (SADR). Though the numbers varied month to month, WRAMC was experiencing an average of
2,010 incomplete outpatient encounters in the categories of Telephone Consults (T-Cons), Kept, Sick Call, and Walk-In appointments. The incomplete encounters are attributed to either a human error or a system error (incomplete note, system, or write-back). What is not known is what percentage of human and/or system errors is causing the most problems for lost
Relative Value Units (RVUs) and how much revenue the facility is losing within identified areas of errors. If we can assess the breakout of lost workload, we can arm decision makers with information to enhance administrative processes and accurately depict and recover lost workload costs. The ability to separate and decipher embedded error data and calculate hidden costs may justify a business case analysis to realign or concentrate resources to have immediate impact for return on investment.
DTIC
Accounting; Commerce; Hospitals; Ratios; Workloads (Psychophysiology)
20100015198
Information Management: A Departmental Strategic Analysis, Naval Hospital Jacksonville, FL
Chavez, Francisco R; Jun 12, 2009; 90 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516489; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
A successful IM department must have clear goals and direction that may be accomplished through the use of a strategic plan. This strategic management plan analyzes the Information Management (IM) department at Naval Hospital Jacksonville
Florida. This plan proposes and outlines a strategy implementation plan to include goals, objectives and action steps that the department should implement over the next two to three years. Individual directional strategies for the IM department are not
327
the goal of this project; rather, it is to achieve the ultimate goal of supporting the directional strategies already in place by
Naval Hospital Jacksonville Florida. This project details every aspect of the IM department from its staffing levels to the plethora of daily functions. The gathered information is then applied to several professional strategic tools such as Porters Five
Forces, the Stakeholder Analysis, Trends Issues Plot and a Value Chain analysis to name a few. Furthermore, the strategically gathered information is utilized to create the adaptive and implementation strategies through the use of strategic thinking maps which allow for the creation of attainable goals, objectives and actions steps for the IM departmental staff.
DTIC
Hospitals; Information Management; Information Systems; Management Planning
20100015222 Chief of Naval Personnel, Washington, DC USA
Department of the Navy Information Management & Information Technology Strategic Plan. FY 2008-2009. Mid-cyle update
Sep 2008; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516546; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Information Management (IM) and Information Technology (IT) in the Department of the Navy (DON) provide Navy and
Marine Corps warfighters with the tools required to win. This strategic plan describes the Department’s vision, mission, governing principles, goals, objectives, and key performance indicators for IM/ IT to support the warfighter. It is driven by, and aligned to, the overarching departmental goals articulated by the Secretary of the Navy. To accomplish our mission, we must provide the foundation for success by providing the right IM/IT tools and infrastructure for the warfighter. We are in the process of right-sizing our architecture. As a Department, we must be smarter about leveraging our limited resources through effective IM/IT governance. To this end, we should manage our application portfolio, requiring a clear strategic or financial return for each IM/IT investment to ensure the warfighter is getting the best return on investment. This includes moving from decentralized to centralized management where it makes sense. The intent of this plan is to assist DON leadership by providing a vision that describes desired departmental outcomes and identifies how they will be achieved and measured. For our commands, this plan will help strengthen their alignment to DON IM/IT goals and help clarify resource priorities. For the
IM/IT workforce, this plan provides understanding of the direction of IM/IT in the DON, and how their contributions support this broader vision. This is the fifth DON IM/IT Strategic Plan published by the DON Chief Information Officer (CIO). This is the fifth DON IM/IT Strategic Plan published by the DON Chief Information Officer (CIO).
DTIC
Information Management; Information Systems; Management Information Systems; Navy; Procurement
20100015239 Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA USA
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Lewis, Jennifer E; Ballard, Sanford; Young, Christopher J; Carr, Dorthe B; Gonzales, Antonio I; Merchant, B J; Sep 2008;
10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516592; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Many agencies construct catalogs of the hundreds of seismic events that occur daily around the world. The Ground-Based
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Research and Development (GNEMRD) program merges these catalogs together into a composite catalog containing multiple descriptions of the same seismic event, one from each catalog of interest. The merging process requires associating seismic events in individual catalogs (herein called origins), that are independent estimates of the same seismic event. In this paper we describe application of classical cluster analysis techniques that provide a straightforward and robust solution to this merging problem. The resulting algorithm is much simpler to tune than the rule-based methodology used by EvLoader, which is the application currently used to merge catalogs in the GNEMRD program. For this study, we used a simple agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique to create clusters of similar origins where the various origins in a cluster represent different estimates of the seismic parameters of the same actual seismic event. Similarity between origins is calculated using a difference measure based on latitude, longitude, depth, time, and catalog author. Uncertainty in locations is accounted for by dividing distances between origins and differences in origin time by uncertainty estimates from the catalogs. To enforce the assumption that each catalog contains only a single origin for each event, origins from the same catalog are assigned infinite difference, regardless of other parameter values.
DTIC
Agglomeration; Cluster Analysis; Hierarchies; Seismic Waves
328
20100015253 Secretary of the Air Force, Washington, DC USA
Data Transparency: Empowering Decisionmakers
Peterson, Michael W; Jan 2008; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516617; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Today’s U.S. Air Force operates in a world of diverse threats marked by the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, unconventional warfare, enemy countermeasures, and cyber attacks moving at the speed of light. We have taken many small steps over the last 10 years to migrate stovepiped systems that do not share information toward an environment where we can fuse and use data on demand. In the end, it is all about the data -- at least when it is presented as decision-quality, actionable information. Turning data into knowledge requires advanced data management strategies. Toward this end, the Air Force is transforming the current paradigm of developing and supporting isolated information systems connected by myriad interfaces to a network-centric approach based on the development and use of services, known as a service-oriented architecture (SOA).
In an SOA environment, core services such as security, discovery, collaboration, and others are reused across multiple users and domains. This service-oriented environment requires a robust, secure, singularly managed infrastructure. To support this requirement, the Air Force is developing a capability module approach to share information across functional communities.
These capability modules are determined based on the community’s needs and will be built gradually and affordably. In August
2006, the Secretary of the Air Force, Michael Wynne, chartered the Transparency Integrated Process Team (TIPT) to govern the Data Transparency initiative. The TIPT addresses the need to rapidly share information with DoD, allies, and coalition partners by requiring the Air Force to make data visible, accessible, and understandable through a common vocabulary. Data
Transparency helps operational commanders make more informed decisions by providing them access to authoritative, timely, and relevant information.
DTIC
Data Management; Decision Making; Information Systems
20100015427 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in Systems
Miller, Janet E.; Batchelor, Cheryl; Perkins, LeeAnn; May 2008; 9 pp.; In English; 52nd Annual Meeting of the Human
Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES), 22 - 26 Sep. 2008, New York, NY, USA
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2830
Report No.(s): AD-A515212; AFRL-RH-WP-TP-2010-0002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
A schema is a mental structure that represents some aspect of the world. Schemata are used to organize current knowledge of the world and to provide a framework for future understanding. When a new situation or capability is encountered, a schema is brought up for comparison and then the schema is altered as necessary. Expectations are part of the mental schema and can determine the fate of a relationship, be the relationship human-human or human-other. As complex socio-technical systems become more ubiquitous and as events become more dynamic, the human-other relationship is often human-automation and the automation is a decision support system. Understanding the expectations of the intended user of a capability helps the system designer and developer address those expectations which helps instill trust in the developed capability. While much has been written on trust, understanding expectations that underlie trust has been neglected. This paper will discuss three methods explored to directly elicit expectations thereby enhancing initial trust in human-decision support systems.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Decision Support Systems; Social Factors
20100015469 Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA USA
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
Brandon, Thomas L.; Brown, Jonathan J.; Daniels, W. L.; DeFazio, Thomas L.; Filz, George M.; Mitchell, James K;
Musselman, Jared; Forsha, Clinton; January 15, 2009; 195 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8651-04-C-0397; Proj-4915; 62102F
Report No.(s): AD-A515091; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515091
This report is written in response to a request from the Air Force Research Laboratory concerning research on rapid stabilization/polymerization of wet clay soils. The purpose of this report is to document the findings of a literature review
(Phase I) carried out by the team assembled at Virginia Tech. The literature review covers approximately 200 papers, most of which deal with clay stabilization. This report contains the findings of this literature review, which are categorized by soil type,
329
stabilization type, as well as other factors. This report also includes the recommendations of the Virginia Tech research team for a proposed research program for Phase II.
DTIC
Agriculture; Calcium Oxides; Clays; Plasticizers; Polymerization; Soil Science; Soils; Surveys
20100015475 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, Australia
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Lambert, Dale; Saulwick, Adam; Nowak, Chris; Oxenhan, Martin; O’Dea, Damien; May 2008; 68 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A515556; DSTO-TR-2163; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Information fusion refers to the process whereby machines utilise one or more data sources over time to assemble a representation of aspects of interest in an environment. Historically, the data sources were confined to conventional sensors.
However, the rise of terrorism and network centric warfare over the last decade has expanded the scope of information fusion beyond conventional sensor data, with the aspects of interest in the environment now also including biographical, economic, social, transport and telecommunications, geographic, military, political and technical information. One challenge introduced by this transition is how to represent these differing types of information within a machine so that the machine is able to produce meaningful information to end users.
DTIC
Information Management; Information Systems; Multisensor Fusion
20100015484 Naval Air Systems Command (PMA-234), Patuxent River, MD USA
The Process of Achieving Collaborative Knowledge in Asynchronous Collaboration (CASC)
Warner, Norman; Wroblewski, Elizabeth; January 2005; 57 pp.; In English; Collaboration and Knowledge Management
(CKM) Workshop, 11 -13 Jan. 2005, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516234; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516234
No abstract available
Information Management; Synchronism
20100015561 Judge Advocate General’s School, Charlottesville, VA USA
The Limits of Fair Use in Military Scholarship: When, How, and From Whom to Request Permission to Use
Copyrighted Works
Seamone, Evan R.; January 2010; 29 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515993; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515993
This article addresses the practical considerations facing military authors, with a focus on the process of requesting permission to republish copyrighted works. Part II explores the ethical dimension of intellectual property for military members. It highlights the special obligations imposed on military law practitioners that other civilian authors simply do not face. Part III explores notions of fair use in the creation of scholarly works. It dispels four common myths about the fair use doctrine. Part IV identifies the practical requirements for requesting permission to use copyrighted works. Aside from identifying the steps of the permission process, it provides examples of licensing agreements and a description of consolidated permission services, such as the Copyright Clearance Center. For more complex issues of copyright law, Part V includes references to comprehensive resources.
DTIC
Copyrights; Licensing; Military Operations
330
20100015584 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
Hicks, Boniface; Misiak, Timothy; McDaniel, Patrick; The Proceedings of the 2nd Association for Computing Machinery
(ACM) Workshop on Computer Security Architecture; October 2008; 11 pp.; In English; 2nd Association for Computing
Machinery (ACM) Workshop on Computer Security Architecture, 27 - 31 Oct. 2008, Alexandria, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-07-2-0036; CCF-0524132; CCN-0627551; Proj-NICE
Report No.(s): AD-A516570; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-48; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Security-typed languages (STLs) are powerful tools for provably implementing policy in applications. The pro-grammar maps policy onto programs by annotating types with information flow labels, and the STL compiler guarantees that data always obeys its label as it flows within an application. As data flows into or out of an application, however, a runtime system is needed between the information flow world within the application and the non-information flow world of the operating system. In the few existing STL applications, this problem has been handled in ad hoc ways that hindered software engineering and security analysis. In this paper, we present a principled approach to STL runtime system development along with policy infrastructure and class abstractions for the STL, JIF, that implement these principles. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by using our infrastructure to develop a firewall application, FLOWWALL that provably enforces its policy.
DTIC
Access Control; Architecture (Computers); Computer Programming; Languages; Programming Languages; Security;
Software Engineering
20100015585 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual Machines
Rueda, Sandra; Sreenivasan, Yogesh; Jaeger, Trent; The Proceedings of the 2nd Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Workshop on Computer Security Architecture; October 2008; 10 pp.; In English; 2nd Association for Computing Machinery
(ACM) Workshop on Computer Security Architecture, 27 - 31 Oct. 2008, Alexandria, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-07-2-0036; Proj-NICE
Report No.(s): AD-A516569; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Virtual machines are widely accepted as a promising basis for building secure systems. However, while virtual machines offer effective mechanisms to create isolated environments, mechanisms that offer controlled interaction among VMs are immature. Some VM systems include flexible policy models and some enable MLS enforcement, but the flexible use of policy to control VM interactions has not been developed. In this paper, we propose an architecture that enables administrator to configure virtual machines to satisfy prescribed security goals. We describe the design and implementation of such architecture using SELinux, Xen an IPesc as the tools to express and enforce policies at the OS, VM and Network layers, respectively. We develop a web application using our architecture and show that we can configure application VMs in such a way that we can verify the enforcement of the security goals of those applications.
DTIC
Access Control; Architecture (Computers); Computer Information Security; Internets; Networks; Security
20100015588 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and Tracking
Metzler, James M.; Linderman, Mark H.; Seversky, Lee M.; The Proceedings of the MILCOM 2009 Conference; October
2009; 8 pp.; In English; MILCOM 2009 Conference, 19 - 21 Oct. 2009, Boston, MA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-558S
Report No.(s): AD-A516568; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-52; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Network-Centric Exploitation and Tracking (N-CET) program is a research effort to enhance intelligence exploitation in a tactical environment by cross-cueing sensors and fusing data from on-board sources with processed information from off-board platforms and sharing the resulting products in a net-centric manner. At the core of N-CET are information management services that decouple data producers and consumers, allowing reconfiguration to suit mission needs. Network centric algorithms utilize the availability of information from both homogeneous and complementary on-board and off-board sensors. Organic capabilities facilitate the extraction of actionable information from high bandwidth sensor data and ensure
331
the necessary information arrives at other platforms and users in a timely manner. This paper provides an overview of the
NCET architecture and the sensors and algorithms currently implemented upon it. The extent to which such algorithms are enhanced in a network-centric environment is discussed and the challenges of managing the resulting dynamic information space in a tactical publish/subscribe/query model are presented.
DTIC
Data Systems; Exploitation; Information Management; Information Systems; Multisensor Fusion
20100015603 Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Bolling AFB, Washington, DC USA
AFOSR Programs in Higher Levels of Information Fusion
Tangney, John F.; Published in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Information Fusion; January 2002, pp. 557
- 561; In English; 5th International Conference on Information Fusion, 8 - 11 Jul. 2002, Annapolis, MD, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516679; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Air Force future vision for information fusion is presented in the context of results of a study of long-term challenges in the science and technology of command and control and the programs of the Air Force designed to meet them. A new approach to research is presented that takes advantage of scientific challenge problems that are operationally validated in collaboration with research laboratories in government and industry.
DTIC
Command and Control; Military Technology; Multisensor Fusion; Research and Development
20100015652 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site Waste Sources
Riley, R. G.; Lopresti, C. A.; Sep. 26, 2001; 48 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830
Report No.(s): DE2009-965726; PNNL-13666; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
This report provides summaries of release models used in Hanford Site assessments published over the past 14 years
(1987 to 2001). Mathematical formulations that commonly have been used in recent years (i.e., salt-cake, cement, soil-debris, reactor block, glass, and corrosion) are described, along with associated parameter definitions and their units. Tables in this report provide links to data sources needed to implement the models. These links enable users to quickly locate the specific release model information and data sources they need for applying the models to future to site assessments.
NTIS
Catalogs (Publications); Contaminants; Data Simulation; Radioactive Wastes; Waste Management
20100015689 Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC, USA
Food and Drug Administration: Opportunities Exist to Better Address Management Challenges
February 2010; 60 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107352; GAO-10-279; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04 , Hardcopy
GAO was asked to review the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) strategic planning and management. Leading practices in this area include developing strategies to address management challenges and results-oriented performance measures, aligning activities and resources to strategic goals, and enhancing the use of performance information. In this report,
GAO examined the extent to which (1) FDA’s Strategic Action Plan contains strategies to address its management challenges, and the progress FDA has reported in addressing those challenges; (2) FDA’s annual performance measures are results-oriented; (3) FDA has aligned its activities and resources to support its strategic goals; and (4) FDA managers report using performance information in decision making and applying key practices to encourage that use. GAO surveyed FDA managers; analyzed reports on FDA to identify its management challenges; reviewed FDA and other documents, prior GAO work, and surveys of federal managers; and interviewed FDA officials.
NTIS
Drugs; Goals; Surveys; Decision Making
20100015692 Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC USA
Report to Congress on the Benefits of the President’s E-Government Initiatives. Fiscal Year 2008
January 2008; 402 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-107685; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The Federal government is delivering results through expansion and adoption of electronic government principles and
332
best practices in managing information technology (IT). Through the implementation of these principles, the government is increasingly providing timely and accurate information to the citizens and government decision makers while ensuring security and privacy. In the fall of 2001, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and Federal agencies identified 24
E-Government (E-Gov) Initiatives which were approved by the Presidents Management Council. Operated, managed and supported by agencies, these Initiatives provide high-quality, common solutions such as citizen tax filing, Federal rulemaking, and electronic training. Beneficiaries include citizens, businesses, and Federal and state government employees.
NTIS
Congressional Reports; Management Planning
20100015709 Air Force Research Lab., Mesa, AZ USA
The Right Tool for the Job: Information-Processing Analysis in Categorization
Gluck, Kevin A.; Staszewski, James J.; Richman, Howard; Simon, Herbert A.; Delahanty, Polly; Proceedings of the 23rd
Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society; August 2001; 7 pp.; In English; 23rd Annual Conference of the
Cognitive Science Society, 1 - 4 Aug. 2001, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2743
Report No.(s): AD-A516277; AFRL-RH-AZ-PR-2001-0001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516277
Smith and Minda (2000) showed that mathematical approximations of several popular categorization theories could be fit equally well to the average percentage of ‘A’ responses in their meta-analysis of studies that used the 5-4 category structure.
They conclude that the 5-4 category structure is not a useful paradigm for explaining categorization in terms of cognitive processes. We disagree with their conclusion, and contend instead that the problem lies with the data collection and analysis methods typically used to study categorization (in this and other category structures). To support this claim, we describe a recently completed study in which we collected and used a variety of converging data to reveal the details of participants’ cognitive processes in a 5-4 category structure task.
DTIC
Cognition; Data Processing
20100015829 Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center, Peterson AFB, CO USA
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Wagenman, Seth B; Thorsen, Steven N; Kaziska, David M; Oxley, Mark E; Sep 22, 2009; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): REL; 2009-09-22
Report No.(s): AD-A516829; XC-AFOTEC/DET4; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516829
As the sum of the products of cost and probability for all types of classification decisions, total classification risk for a classification system is easily calculated. Empirical risk data produced by Monte Carlo simulation of the battlespace lends itself to statistical description of total classification risk for comparison with other classification systems. Families of classification systems are created using Probabilistic Neural Nets (PNN) acting on the Moving and Stationary Target
Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) mixed targets data set. The spread parameter of the PNNs serves as one threshold distinguishing the PNN classification systems from one another, and a second parameter is a cropping proportion used in processing the image data. Using computer simulation, a warfighter can choose a threshold that minimizes risk under the assumption of temporarily fixed costs.
DTIC
Algorithms; Classifications; Costs; Decision Theory; Probability Theory; Receivers; Risk
20100015842 Navy Personnel Research Studies and Technology, Millington, TN USA
Non-response on U.S. Navy Quick Polls
Newell, Carol E; Whittam, Kimberly P; Uriell, Zannette A; Kang, Yueh-Chun; Mar 2010; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A516853; NPRST-TN-10-3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516853
In 2002, Navy researchers began conducting a series of Quick Polls to quickly, yet accurately measure U.S. Navy Sailors?
opinions of key personnel-related issues. Similar to most large-scale surveys administered in the Navy, Quick Polls typically
333
obtain a 30% response rate. Since these polls use an indirect notification method, the purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for survey non-response on Quick Polls. This study also sought to determine whether the answers provided by respondents and non-respondents on Quick Polls were equivalent, and determine opinions about confidentiality on Internet versus the more traditional mail surveys.
DTIC
Military Personnel; Navy
20100015877 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
South Africa’s Technology Sector
Elan, Seth L; Aug 2007; 43 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516993; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516993
This report provides key findings regarding South Africa’s current science and technology (S&T) capabilities.
Specifically, the report examines South Africa’s stated S&T strategy, leading research centers, defense-related research and development (R&D), and technology transfer controls. Sources for this report include the Web sites of South African government agencies, official governmental white papers, the Lexis-Nexis news service and other proprietary databases, and analyses from several Jane’s publications and the RAND Corporation. For the purposes of this report, S&T is defined as all scientific study and experimentation directed toward increasing fundamental knowledge and understanding in physical, engineering, environmental, and life sciences, and the systematic expansion and application of scientific knowledge to develop useful materials, devices, systems, and methods. R&D includes research in the fields of science and technology, combined with evaluation of integrated technologies, representative modes, and prototype systems in a high-fidelity and realistic operating environment, and with the associated engineering and manufacturing development tasks necessary for production.
DTIC
Republic of South Africa; Research Management; Technology Transfer
20100015879 Strategic Air Command, Offutt AFB, NE USA
Communications Channels in the Sahel Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Kerr, Christopher; Pettit, Brett; Roland, Keith; Steffens, Christopher; Tunning, Maggie; Whitsett, Adrian; May 2007; 108 pp.;
In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517002
This report focuses on communications methods that are currently effective in the Sahelian African countries of
Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad. Attention is also given to methods of communication that have a high probability for success in the future based on economic and educational development, increased access to modern forms of communication, and advancements in technology. The four countries were selected for the case study with the intent that any findings could be extrapolated to other lesser developed regions in the world. Effective communication methods in less developed regions are important for humanitarian reasons during a crisis, countering propaganda disseminated by terrorist groups, and for furthering business and political interests around the world. The report’s recommendations include alternatives for immediate, intermediate, and long-term implementation. Several recommendations focus on Muslim youth in particular due to the fact that
Islam is the predominant religion in the four case countries and the median age of inhabitants ranges from 15.8 to 17 years.
DTIC
Africa; Chad; Channels (Data Transmission); Deserts; Developing Nations; Mali; Mauritania; Niger; Telecommunication;
Wind (Meteorology)
20100015899 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA
Operation Allied Force: The View from Beijing
Perry, James D; Jan 2000; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517058; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517058
This article addresses China’s perspective on several key issues involving the U.S. Air Force and NATO with regard to
Operation Allied Force in the Balkans conflict, particularly the bombing of the Chinese Embassy. Coming from open sources, this perspective is particularly important today because China remains a country of great importance, not only to Asian but also world economic stability and security. The evolution in war fighting from the Gulf War to the Kosovo conflict impressed
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upon the Chinese the increasing role of precision strike and space-supported information operations in asymmetric warfare.
It also showed them how their country stacks up to the West in terms of technological military strength. What the Chinese lack in technology they intend to offset by keying on enemy vulnerabilities. The message is clear that to better appreciate future
East-West relations, we must pay close attention to how China views the recent Balkans situation. The article examines
Chinese open source information to determine Chinese views on six topics: American political purposes in launching the air campaign, Implications of Allied Force for future warfare, Information operations before and during the campaign, NATO’s mistakes and weaknesses as revealed by Allied Force, Bombing of the Chinese Embassy, and Allied Force’s lessons for China.
DTIC
China; Information Systems; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Warfare
20100015982 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation
Landree, Eric; Gonzales, Daniel; Ohlandt, Chad; Wong, Carolyn; Jan 2010; 75 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W74V8H-06-C-0002
Report No.(s): AD-A517244; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The challenges associated with securing U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) information systems (ISs) have grown as the department’s information infrastructure has become more complex and interconnected. At the same time, the potential negative consequences associated with cyber intrusions have become more severe, as demonstrated by the recently publicized breach of computer networks at defense contractors involved in the development of the F-35 aircraft (Gorman, Cole, and
Dreazen, 2009). An important question to consider is whether current information assurance (IA) policies and procedures are sufficient to address this growing threat and well suited to address vulnerability issues associated with highly networked ISs.
Presently, all DoD ISs must individually satisfy the certification and accreditation (C&A) requirements outlined in DoD
Instruction (DoDI) 8510.01, DoD Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP) (2007), prior to receiving authorization to operate (ATO). As written, the DIACAP is focused on conducting C&A for a single system.
DTIC
Certification; Computer Networks; Defense Program; Information Systems
20100016007 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Codifying Information Assurance Controls for Department of Defense (DoD) Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA) Systems
Mendezllovet, Eddie A; Mar 2010; 140 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517284; AFIT/GCO/ENG/10-13; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Protecting DoD critical infrastructure resources and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems from cyber attacks is becoming an increasingly challenging task. DoD Information Assurance controls provide a sound framework to achieve an appropriate level of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. However, these controls have not been updated since 2003 and currently do not adequately address the security of DoD SCADA systems. This research sampled U.S. Air
Force Civil Engineering subject matter experts representing 8 Major Commands that manage and operate SCADA systems.
They ranked 30 IA controls in three categories, and evaluated eight SCADA specific IA controls for inclusion into the DoD
IA control framework. Ranking results (p = .972414) indicate a high preference for encryption, and system and information integrity as key IA Controls to mitigate cyber risk. Equally interesting was the perfect agreement among raters on ranking certification and accreditation dead last as an effective IA control. The respondents strongly favored including four new IA controls of the eight considered.
DTIC
Data Acquisition; Defense Program
20100016133 PAMAM-Human Factors Engineering (1989) Ltd., Hod Hasharon, Israel
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in C3I Information Systems
Brickner, Michael S; Sheffer, Dganit; Alef, Yishai; Brickner, Ido; Sirkis, Amit; Nov 2007; 79 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-04-1-3056
Report No.(s): AD-A517664; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The current research program deals with ways by which the representation of battlefield information in general and information about uncertainty in particular, may enhance Decision Making, Situation Awareness (SA) and Sensemaking in
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battlespace environments (Brickner and Lipshitz, 2004). Previous stages of research were based on observations by the research team in a company-level simulation experiment and a brigade-level field experiment (Brickner and Sadot-Parag,
2005a,b). The present stage included observation and analysis of controlled experimental research that took place in the Israel
Defense Forces Battlefield Laboratory. A Battle Management System (BMS) was conceptually designed by PAMAM and developed for the experiment by the BatLab. Because of the high complexity inherent in operational situations and scenarios it was decided to perform this experiment within a relatively restricted battlefield and with a low level of command.
Additional, more complex, missions may be simulated and run in the future.
DTIC
Decision Making; Information Systems; Man Machine Systems
20100016138 Padua Univ., Italy
University of Padua at TREC 2009: Relevance Feedback Track
Di Buccio, Emanuele; Melucci, Massimo; Nov 2009; 11 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517683; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the Relevance Feedback (RF) task the user is directly involved in the search process: given an initial set of results, he specifies if they are relevant or not to the achievement of his information goal. In the TREC 2009 RF track the first five documents retrieved by the baseline systems were judged by the assessors and then used as evidence for the RF algorithms to be tested. The specific algorithm we tested is mainly based on a geometric framework which allows the latent semantic associations of terms in the feedback documents to be modeled as a vector subspace; the documents of the collection represented as vectors of TFIDF weights were re-ranked according to their distance from the subspace. The adopted geometric framework was used in past works as a basis for Implicit Relevance Feedback (IRF) and Pseudo Relevance Feedback (PRF) algorithms; the participation to the RF track allows us to make some preliminary investigations on the effectiveness of the adopted framework when it is exploited to support explicit RF on much larger test collections, thus complementing the work carried out for the other RF strategies.
DTIC
Algorithms; Feedback; Information Retrieval; Semantics
20100016284 George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA USA
Advanced Cyber Attack Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization
Jajodia, Sushil; Noel, Steven; March 2010; 113 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0246; Proj-7820; 33140F
Report No.(s): AD-A516716; AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2010-078; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This project delivers an approach for visualization, correlation, and prediction of potentially large and complex attack graphs. These attack graphs show multi-step cyber attacks against networks, based on system vulnerabilities, network connectivity, and potential attacker exploits. We introduce a new paradigm for attack graph analysis that augments the traditional graph-centric view, based on graph adjacency matrices. In our approach, the analysis includes all known network attack paths, while still keeping complexity manageable. It supports pre-attack network hardening, correlation of detected attack events, and attack origin/impact prediction for post-attack responses. The goal of this system is to transform large quantities of network security data into actionable intelligence. The utility of organizing combinations of network attacks as graphs is well established. Traditionally, such attack graphs have been formed manually by security red teams (penetration testers). We have demonstrated the capability for computational generation of attack graphs, rather than relying on manual creation. This approach is based on models of network security conditions and potential attacker exploits. Because of vulnerability interdependencies across networks, a topological attack graph approach is needed, especially for proactive defense against insidious multi-step attacks. The traditional approach that treats network data and events in isolation, without the context provided by attack graphs, is clearly insufficient.
DTIC
Computer Networks; Data Transmission; Security
336
84
LAW, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND SPACE POLICY
Includes aviation law; space law and policy; international law; international cooperation; and patent policy.
20100015705 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
NASA’s Participation in Joint SatOPS Compatibility Efforts 2009-2010
Smith, Danford; March 03, 2010; 7 pp.; In English; Ground System Arch. Workshop (GSAW) 2010, 1-4 Mar. 2010,
Manhattan Beach, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015705
Many U.S. government organizations build or fly space systems: a) NASA, NOAA, Navy, Air Force, NRO, ORS. Others?
b) Through the Joint SatOps Compatibility Committee (JSCC) we have increased the grass-roots interaction between many of these organizations. c) We all deal with many of the same challenges: More rapid deployments, lower budgets; Advancing technologies - frameworks, clouds, virtualization; Evolving concepts - automation, situational awareness, enterprise mngt.
Standardization - formal or by common use. There is an inherently governmental role in creating the business case for contractors and commercial product vendors to move in directions beneficial to multiple government space organizations.
Author
Organizations; Situational Awareness; Contractors; Deployment; Standardization
85
TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION AND SURFACE TRANSPORTATION
Includes aerospace technology transfer; urban technology; surface and mass transportation. For related information see also 03 Air
Transportation and Safety, 16 Space Transportation and Safety , and 44 Energy Production and Conversion . For specific technology transfer applications see also the category where the subject is treated.
20100015592 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA
Human Ears Inspired Passive Microwave Direction Finding
Xin, Hao; Jan 2009; 4 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0394
Report No.(s): AD-A516464; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have investigated biological inspired RF direction finding techniques with the goal to learn and utilize the amazing acoustic direction finding capabilities of human and achieve compact, high performance and low-cost RF direction finding devices. Our initial simulation and experimental results are very encouraging. Through the 9-month STIR program Human
Ears Inspired Microwave Passive Direction Finding, prototype direction finding systems including antennas, human head like low-pass scatter and digital receiver have been successfully designed and built. Several biological inspired hardware configurations (i.e., head-like scatters of various properties, omni-directional antennas) and preliminary algorithms have been theoretically and experimentally tested. The effectiveness of the novel human head-like scatter has been clearly demonstrated.
In addition, we have performed initial investigation of single antenna direction finding for broadband RF signals. The most important goal of the STIR program, which is to develop an experimental test bed so that it can be used in the near future to study and develop novel RF direction finding techniques inspired by the amazing human auditory system, has been achieved.
DTIC
Direction Finding; Ear; Microwaves; Radio Frequencies
88
SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to the natural space sciences. For specific topics in space sciences see categories
89 through 93 .
20100014874 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading During its Third Flyby of Mercury:
Substorms?
Slavin, James A.; Anderson, Brian J.; Baker, Daniel N.; Benna, Mehdi; Gloeckler, George; Krimigis, Stamatios M.; McNutt,
Ralph L., Jr.; Schriver, David; Solomon, Sean C.; Zurbuchen, Thomas H.; Geophysical Research Abstracts, EGU2010-
PREVIEW, 2010; [2010]; Volume 12; 1 pp.; In English; European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2010, 2-7 May
2010, Vienna, Austria; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
During MESSENGER’s third flyby of Mercury on September 29, 2009, a variable interplanetary magnetic field produced
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a series of several minute enhancements of the tail magnetic field hy factors of approx. 2 to 3.5. The magnetic field flaring during these intervals indicates that they result from loading of the tail with magnetic flux transferred from the dayside magnetosphere. The unloading intervals were associated with plasmoids and traveling compression regions, signatures of tail reconnection. The peak tail magnetic flux during the smallest loading events equaled 30% of the magnetic flux emanating from
Mercury, and may have reached 100% for the largest event. In this case the dayside magnetic shielding is reduced and solar wind flux impacting the surface may be greatly enhanced. Despite the intensity of these events and their similarity to terrestrial substorm magnetic flux dynamics, no energetic charged particles with energies greater than 36 keV were observed.
Author
Magnetic Flux; Interplanetary Magnetic Fields; Charged Particles; Energetic Particles; Flyby Missions; Magnetic Shielding;
Solar Wind; Plasmas (Physics); Magnetic Fields; Magnetic Storms
89
ASTRONOMY
Includes observations of celestial bodies; astronomical instruments and techniques; radio, gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared astronomy; and astrometry.
20100014818 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
Camp, Jordan; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-up with NASA High energy Photon Survey
Missions/University di Roma Sapienza, 4-6 Feb. 2010, Rome, Italy; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
We discuss the proposed use of LIGO-VIRGO S6 triggers from comparatively loud events to search for both prompt and afterglow EM counterparts with RXTE, SWIFT and FERMI. Using a 2 or 3-fold coincident trigger from the two LIGO and one VIRGO detectors to provide sky position information, we can search the data from these missions within a limited time window and a constrained portion of their respective FOVs, allowing us to look at a level below the threshold normally used to publicly indicate an event. Since we propose to use these missions in their survey mode, no re-pointing of the missions is envisioned. The search for a coincidence between the data from LIGO-VIRGO and the EM survey missions can then be analyzed off-line; if a coincident EM signal is found it would have a significant effect in establishing the validity of the GW trigger. We discuss some relevant aspects of the NASA missions and give some preliminary estimates of thresholds and coincident background rates.
Author
X Ray Timing Explorer; Gravitational Waves; Laser Interferometry; Photons; Actuators; Afterglows
20100014827 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves: Progress in Evolution
Kelly, Bernard J.; Tichy, Wolfgang; Zlochower, Yosef; Campanelli, Manuela; Whiting, Bernard; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
‘In Kelly \et al [Phys. Rev. D, 76:024008, (2007)], we presented new binary black-hole initial data adapted to puncture evolutions in numerical relativity. This data satisfies the constraint equations to 2.5 post-Newtonian order, and contains a transverse-traceless ‘wavy’ metric contribution, violating the standard assumption of conformal flatness. We report on progress in evolving this data with a modem moving-puncture implementation of the BSSN equations in several numerical codes. We discuss the effect of the new metric terms on junk radiation and continuity of physical radiation extracted.’
Author
Black Holes (Astronomy); Relativity; Binary Stars; Numerical Analysis; Mathematical Models
20100014830 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
Harding, Alice K.; Feb. 28, 2010; 3 pp.; In English; High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD 2010), 28 Feb. - 5 Mar. 2010,
Waikoloa, HI, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Pulsars are potential Galactic sources of positrons through pair cascades in their magnetospheres. There are, however, many uncertainties in establishing their contribution to the local primary positron flux. Among these are the local density of pulsars, the cascade pair multiplicities that determine the injection rate of positrons from the pulsar, the acceleration of the injected particles by the pulsar wind termination shock, their rate of escape from the pulsar wind nebula, and their propagation
338
through the interstellar medium. I will discuss these issues in the context of what we are learning from the new Fermi pulsar detections and discoveries.
Author
Cosmic Rays; Pulsars; Interstellar Matter; Galaxies; Nebulae
20100014832 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap Ahead: Observation
Gardner, Jonathan P.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; The First Stars and Galaxies: Challenges for the Next Decade, 7-12 Mar. 2010,
Austin, TX, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
A complete observational understanding of the first stars and galaxies will require four facilities: JWST, 30m ground-based telescopes, ALMA, and the SKA. Each provides complementary capabilities. JWST is our best hope for looking to very high redshift. 30m-class ground-based telescopes provide sensitivity to the rest-frame ultraviolet with high-resolution imaging and high-resolution NIR spectroscopy, possibly reaching as far as z approx.15. They will also allow us to study stellar populations in nearby galaxies and examine the fossil record of the first stars. ALMA will image the redshifted dust continuum emission from evolving galaxies out to z approx.10. The SKA will do cosmic tomography, mapping the process of reionization.
Author
Galaxies; Stars; Imaging Techniques; James Webb Space Telescope; Red Shift; High Resolution; Continuums
20100014857 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Observing the First Stars in Luminous, Red Galaxies
Heap, Sally; Lindler, Don; March 8, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; The First Stars and Galaxies: Challenges for the Next Decade,
8-11 Mar. 2010, Austin, TX, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Modern cosmological simulations predict that the first stars are to be found today in luminous, red galaxies. Although observing such stars individually against a background of younger, metal-rich stars is impossible, the first stars should make their presence known by their strong, line-free ultraviolet flux. We have found evidence for a UV-bright stellar population in
Sloan spectra of LRG’s at z=0.4-0.5. We present arguments for interpreting this UV-bright stellar population as the oldest stars, rather than other types of stellar populations (e.g. young stars or blue straggler stars in the dominant, metal-rich stellar population
Author
Metallic Stars; Stellar Spectra; Blue Stars; Cosmology; Galaxies
20100014865 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
Deming, Drake; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Doppler and transit surveys are finding extrasolar planets of ever smaller mass and radius, and are now sampling the domain of superEarths. Recent results from the Doppler surveys suggest that discovery of a transiting superEarth in the habitable zone of a lower main sequence star may be possible. We evaluate the prospects for an all-sky transit survey targeted to the brightest stars I that would find the most favorable cases for photometric and spectroscopic characterization using the
James Webb Space Telescope. We use the proposed Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) as representative of an all-sky survey. We couple the simulated TESS yield to a sensitivity model for the MIRI and NIRSpec instruments on JWST.
Our sensitivity model includes all currently known and anticipated sources of random and systematic error for these instruments. We focus on the TESS planets with radii between Earth and Neptune. Our simulations consider secondary eclipse filter photometry using JWST/MIRI, comparing the 11- and 15- micron bands to measure carbon dioxide absorption in superEarths, as well as JWST!NIRSpec spectroscopy of water absorption from 1.7-3.0 microns, and carbon dioxide absorption at 4.3 microns. We find that JWST will be capable of characterizing dozens of TESS superEarths with temperatures above the habitable range, using both MIRI and NIRspec. We project that TESS will discover about eight nearby habitable transiting superEarths, all orbiting lower main sequence stars. The principal sources of uncertainty in the prospects for JWST characterization of habitable superEarths are superEarth frequency and the nature of superEarth atmospheres. Based on our estimates of these uncertainties, we project that JWST will be able to measure the temperature, and identify molecular absorptions (water, carbon dioxide) in one to four nearby habitable TESS superEarths orbiting lower main sequence stars.
Author
James Webb Space Telescope; Habitability; Extrasolar Planets; Photometry; Main Sequence Stars; Carbon Dioxide
339
20100014873 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local Interstellar Medium
Cooper, John F.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100014873
The first published results from IBEX and Cassini, and the earlier termination shock crossings by the Voyagers, are strongly suggestive of geometric relation of the local interstellar magnetic field to the outer boundary region of the heliosphere.
The inferred pressure of the magnetic field is not, however, high enough to balance the heliosheath particle pressure computed from the IBEX and Cassini measurements. Since the interstellar ram pressure is also relatively low, and higher energy Ge V cosmic ray ions are not trapped on the local interstellar field lines, the pressure balance at the heliopause is more likely dominated by suprathermal keV-MeV particles on both sides. This should not be surprising in view of the long history of early work by Parker and others on cosmic ray particle pressure in interstellar space but with the new insight that the dominant contribution may be at suprathermal keV-MeV energies. Supporting pressure calculations are reviewed for a model interstellar proton spectrum from earlier work of Cooper et al. (2003, 2006, 2008).
Author
Interstellar Matter; Energy Spectra; Pressure Distribution; Interstellar Magnetic Fields; Ions; Cosmic Rays; Interstellar
Space
20100014899 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
Sonneborn, George; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 13595-10-ST IXO Science Meeting, 27 Apr. - 7 May 2010, Paris, France; No
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large aperture, cryogenic, infrared-optimized space observatory under development by NASA for launch in 2014. The European and Canadian Space Agencies are mission partners. JWST will find and study the first galaxies that formed in the early universe, peer through dusty clouds to see AGN environments and stars forming planetary systems at high spatial resolution. The breakthrough capabilities of JWST will enable new studies of star formation and evolution in the Milky Way, including the Galactic Center, nearby galaxies, and the early universe. JWST’s instruments are designed to work primarily in the infrared range of 1 - 28 microns, with some capability in the visible. JWST will have a segmented primary mirror, approximately 6.5 meters in diameter, and will be diffraction-limited at wavelength of
2 microns (0.1 arcsec resolution). The JWST observatory will be placed in a L2 orbit by an Ariane 5 launch vehicle provided by ESA. The observatory is designed for a 5-year prime science mission, with propellant for 10 years of science operations.
The instruments will provide broad- and narrow-band imaging, coronography, and multi-object and integral-field spectroscopy
(spectral resolution of 100 to 3,000) across the 1 - 28 micron wavelength range. Science and mission operations will be conducted from the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland.
Author
James Webb Space Telescope; Spaceborne Telescopes; Narrowband; Cryogenics; Imaging Techniques; Infrared Radiation;
Milky Way Galaxy; Diffraction; Dust
20100014900 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI Mission
Barry, Richard K.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 13253-10-ST Observational Frontiers of Astronomy for the N, 27 Jun. - 2 Jul.
2010, San Diego, CA, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Extrasolar Planet Observation Characterization and the Deep Impact Extended Investigation missions (EPOXI) are currently observing the transits of exoplanets, two comet nuclei at short range, and the Earth and Mars using the High
Resolution Instrument (HRI) - a 0.3 m f/35 telescope on the Deep Impact probe. The HRI is in a permanently defocused state with the instrument pOint of focus about 0.6 cm before the focal plane due to the use of a reference flat mirror that took a power during ground thermal-vacuum testing. Consequently, the point spread function (PSF) covers approximately nine pixels
FWHM and is characterized by a patch with three-fold symmetry due to the three-point support structures of the primary and secondary mirrors. The PSF is also strongly color dependent varying in shape and size with change in filtration and target color. While defocus is highly desirable for exoplanet transit observations to limit sensitivity to intra-pixel variation, it is suboptimal for observations of spatially resolved targets. Consequently, all images used in our analysis of such objects were deconvolved with an instrument PSF. The instrument PSF is also being used to optimize transit analysis. We discuss development and usage of an instrument PSF for these observations.
Author
Extrasolar Planets; Comet Nuclei; Symmetry; Ground Tests; Filtration
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20100014903 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
Zhang, William W.; April 5, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) and IXO (International X-ray Observatory) missions are two of NASA
X-ray missions for the coming decade. NuSTAR is a small explorer class mission that will for the first time use a multilayer-coated X-ray mirror assemblies to focus X-rays up to 80 keV. Among other objectives, its major science objective will be to conduct surveys to identify hard X-ray sources and to resolve the diffuse X-ray background. IXO, a collaborative mission of NASA, ESA, and JAXA, will be an observatory class mission. It will have a 3m in diameter X-ray mirror assembly with unprecedented photon collection area with a suite of focal plane detectors: a grating system, a large format CCD imaging system, a calorimeter, a polarimeter, and a high resolution and fast timing detector. It will significantly advance the spectroscopic studies of black holes, neutron stars, AGN, IGM, and nearly every other aspect of the X-ray universe. In this talk I will describe the instruments and scientific objectives of these two missions.
Author
X Ray Sources; Spectroscopic Telescopes; Neutron Stars; Black Holes (Astronomy); Charge Coupled Devices; Imaging
Techniques; Calorimeters
20100014904 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
Zhang, William W.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
X-ray astronomy started with a small collimated proportional counter atop a rocket in the early 1960s. It was immediately recognized that focusing X-ray optics would drastically improve both source location accuracy and source detection sensitivity. In the past 5 decades, X-ray astronomy has made significant strides in achieving better angular resolution, large photon collection area, and better spectral and timing resolutions, culminating in the three currently operating X-ray observatories: Chandra, XMM/Newton, and Suzaku. In this talk I will give a brief history of X-ray optics, concentrating on the characteristics of the optics of these three observatories. Then I will discuss current X-ray mirror technologies being developed in several institutions. I will end with a discussion of the optics for the International X-ray Observatory that I have been developing at Goddard Space Flight Center.
Author
X Ray Optics; Proportional Counters; Observatories; X Ray Astronomy; X Rays
20100014905 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
Centrella, Joan M.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The final merger of two black holes releases a tremendous amount of energy, more than the combined light from all the stars in the visible universe. This energy is emitted in the form of gravitational waves, and observing these sources with gravitational wave detectors requires that we know the pattern or fingerprint of the radiation emitted. Since black hole mergers take place in regions of extreme gravitational fields, we need to solve Einstein’s equations of general relativity on a computer in order to calculate these wave patterns. For more than 30 years, scientists have tried to compute these wave patterns.
However, their computer codes have been plagued by problems that caused them to crash. This situation has changed dramatically in the past few years, with a series of amazing breakthroughs. This talk will take you on this quest for these gravitational wave patterns, showing how a spacetime is constructed on a computer to build a simulation laboratory for binary black hole mergers. We will focus on the recent advances that are revealing these waveforms, and the dramatic new potential for discoveries that arises when these sources will be observed.
Author
Black Holes (Astronomy); Computerized Simulation; Gravitational Fields; Gravitational Waves; Space-Time Functions;
Emittance
20100014951 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA
Hot Binaries: Observational Results
Hartkopf, W I; Jan 2010; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A515990; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515990
Interferometric work on hot binary and multiple stars is summarized, from the earliest eyepiece interferometry to recent
341
speckle and AO duplicity surveys. Multiplicity fractions for cluster, field, and runaway O stars are discussed.
DTIC
Binary Stars; Hot Stars; Interferometry
20100015324 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
MD, USA
4U 1909+07: A Well-Hidden Pearl
Fuerst, F.; Kreykenbohm, I.; Barragan, L.; Wilms, J.; Rothschild, R. E.; Suchy, S.; Pottschmidt, K.; November 02, 2009; 6 pp.;
In English; 2009 Fermi Symposium, 2-5 Nov. 2009, Washington, DC, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06EO90A; ITN-215202; DLR-50-OR-0808; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015324
We present the first detailed spectral and timing analysis of the High Mass X-ray Binary (HMXB) 4U 1909+07 with
INTEGRAL and RXTE. 4U 1909+07 is detected with an average of 2.4 cps in ISGRI. but shows flares up to approx.50 cps.
The system shows a pulse period of 605 s, but we found that the period changes erratically around this value. The pulse profile is extremely energy dependent: while it shows a double peaked structure at low energies, the secondary pulse decreases rapidly with increasing energy and above 20 ke V only the primary pulse is visible. This evolution is consistent between peA, HEXTE and ISGRI. We find that the phase averaged spectrum can be well fitted with a photo-absorbed power law with a cutoff at high energies and a blackbody component. To investigate the peculiar pulse profile, we performed phase resolved spectral analysis.
We find that a change in the cutoff energy is required to fit the changing spectrum of the different pulse phases
Author
X Ray Timing Explorer; X Ray Binaries; Spectrum Analysis
20100015387 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray
Observatory
Rivers, Elizabeth; Markowitz, Alex; Pottschmidt, Katja; Roth, Stefanie; Barragan, Laura; Furst, Felix; Suchy, Slawomir;
Kreykenbohm, Ingo; Wilms, Jorn; Rothschild, Richard; December 15, 2009; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06EO90A; NAG5-30720; NNX08AC88G; NNX09AG79G; 50OR0701; 50OR0808; 50OR0905;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015387
We present results from two observations of the wind-accreting X-ray pulsar 4U 1907+09 using the Suzaku observatory,
The broadband time-averaged spectrum allows us to examine the continuum emission of the source and the cyclotron resonance scattering feature at approx. 19 keV. Additionally, using the narrow CCD response of Suzaku near 6 ke V allows us to study in detail the Fe K bandpass and to quantify the Fe Kp line for this source for the first time. The source is absorbed by fully-covering material along the line of sight with a column density of N(sub H) approx. 2 x 10(exp 22)/sq cm, consistent with a wind accreting geometry, and a high Fe abundance (approx. 3 - 4 x solar). Time and phase-resolved analyses allow us to study variations in the source spectrum. In particular, dips found in the 2006 observation which are consistent with earlier observations occur in the hard X-ray bandpass, implying a variation of the whole continuum rather than occultation by intervening material, while a dip near the end of the 2007 observation occurs mainly in the lower energies implying an increase in NH along the line of sight, perhaps indicating clumpiness in the stellar wind
Author
Spectrum Analysis; Stellar Winds; Resonance Scattering; Occultation; Cyclotron Resonance; Charge Coupled Devices;
Broadband; X Rays
20100015389 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
Catelan, Marcio; Valcarce, Aldo A. R.; Sweigart, Allen V.; January 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources; Abstract Only
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1743921309991153
Globular clusters have long been considered the closest approximation to a physicist’s laboratory in astrophysics, and as such a near-ideal laboratory for (low-mass) stellar evolution, However, recent observations have cast a shadow on this long-standing paradigm, suggesting the presence of multiple populations with widely different abundance patterns, and -
342
crucially - with widely different helium abundances as welL In this review we discuss which features of the Hertzsprung-
Russell diagram may be used as helium abundance indicators, and present an overview of available constraints on the helium abundance in globular clusters,
Author
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram; Globular Clusters; Stellar Evolution; Laboratory Astrophysics; Stars; Abundance
20100015395 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately 0.7
Bridge, Carrie R.; Teplitz, Harry I.; Siana, Brian; Scarlata, Claudia; Rudie, Gwen C.; Colbert, James; Ferguson, Henry C.;
Brown, Thomas M.; Conselice, Christopher J.; Armus, Lee; Salvato, Mara; DeMello, Duilia F.; Dickinson, Mark; Gardner,
Jonathan P.; Giavalisco, Mauro; February 12, 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS5-26555; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015395
We present the results of rest-frame, UV slitless spectroscopic observations of a sample of 32 z approx. 0.7 Lyman Break
Galaxy (LBG) analogs in the COSMOS field. The spectroscopic search was performed with the Solar Blind Channel (SBC) on HST. While we find no direct detections of the Lyman Continuum we achieve individual limits (3sigma) of the observed non-ionizing UV to Lyman continuum flux density ratios, f(sub nu)(1500A)/f(sub nu)(830A) of 20 to 204 (median of 73.5) and 378.7 for the stack. Assuming an intrinsic Lyman Break of 3.4 and an optical depth of Lyman continuum photons along the line of sight to the galaxy of 85% we report an upper limit for the relative escape fraction in individual galaxies of 0.02
- 0.19 and a stacked 3sigma upper limit of 0.01. We find no indication of a relative escape fraction near unity as seen in some
LBGs at z approx. 3. Our UV spectra achieve the deepest limits to date at any redshift on the escape fraction in individual sources. The contrast between these z approx. 0.7 low escape fraction LBG analogs with z approx. 3 LBGs suggests that either the processes conducive to high f(sub esc) are not being selected for in the z less than or approx.1 samples or the average escape fraction is decreasing from z approx. 3 to z approx. 1. We discuss possible mechanisms which could affect the escape of Lyman continuum photons
Author
Flux Density; Optical Thickness; Ultraviolet Spectra; Red Shift; Continuums; Line of Sight; Galaxies
20100015502 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
Baker, John; Boggs, William Darian; Kelly, Bernard; February 13, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 2010 American Physical Society
Meeting, 12-17 Feb. 2010, Washington, DC, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Binary black hole mergers are a promising source of gravitational waves for interferometric gravitational wave detectors.
Recent advances in numerical relativity have revealed the predictions of General Relativity for the strong burst of radiation generated in the final moments of binary coalescence. We explore features in the merger radiation which characterize the final moments of merger and ringdown. Interpreting the waveforms in terms of an rotating implicit radiation source allows a unified phenomenological description of the system from inspiral through ringdown. Common features in the waveforms allow quantitative description of the merger signal which may provide insights for observations large-mass black hole binaries.
Author
Black Holes (Astronomy); Interferometry; Phenomenology; Gravitational Waves
20100015512 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
Deming, L. Drake; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The advent of cryogenic space-borne infrared observatories such as the Spitzer Space Telescope has lead to a revolution in the study of planets and planetary systems orbiting sun-like stars. Already Spitzer has characterized the emergent infrared spectra of close-in giant exoplanets using transit and eclipse techniques. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will be able to extend these studies to superEarth exoplanets orbiting in the habitable zones of M-dwarf stars in the near solar neighborhood. The forthcoming ground-based Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) will playa key role in these studies, being especially valuable for spectroscopy at higher spectral resolving powers where large photon fluxes are needed. The culmination of this work within the next two decades will be the detection and spectral characterization of the major molecular
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constituents in the atmosphere of a habitable superEarth orbiting a nearby lower main sequence star.
Author
Cryogenics; Infrared Spectra; James Webb Space Telescope; Extrasolar Planets; Space Infrared Telescope Facility; Main
Sequence Stars; Dwarf Stars; M Stars
20100015531 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray Transients Near the Galactic Plane
Hays, Elizabeth Anne; March 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 11th HEAD 2010, 1-4 Mar. 2010, Big Island, HI, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015531
The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope provides unprecedented sensitivity for all-sky monitoring of gamma-ray activity from 20 MeV to >300 GeV. The observatory scans the entire sky every three hours and allows a general search for flaring activity on daily timescales. This search is conducted automatically as part of the ground processing and allows a fast response to transient events, typically less than a day. Most flares are spatially associated with known blazars, but in several cases during the first year of observations, gamma-ray flares occurring near the Galactic plane did not reveal any initially compelling counterparts. This prompted follow-up observations in X-ray, optical, and radio to attempt to identify the origin of the emission and probe the possible existence of a class of transient gamma-ray sources in the Galaxy. We will report on the details of these LAT events and the results of the multi-wavelength counterpart searches.
Author
Gamma Ray Telescopes; Gamma Rays; Spaceborne Telescopes; Observatories; X Ray Optics; Blazars
20100015625 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN Sample of the Local Universe, 1, Emission-Line Diagnostics
Weaver, K. A.; Melendez, M.; Muhotzky, R. F.; Kraemer, S.; Engle, K.; Malumuth. E.; Tueller, J.; Markwardt, C.; Berghea,
C. T.; Dudik, R. P.; Winter, L. M.; Armus, L.; [2010]; 50 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS5-26555; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015625
\Ve compare mid-IR emission-lines properties, from high-resolution Spitzer IRS spectra of a statistically-complete hard
X-ray (14-195 keV) selected sample of nearby (z < 0.05) AGN detected by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) aboard Swift. The luminosity distribution for the mid-infrared emission-lines, [O IV] 25.89 microns, [Ne II] 12.81 microns, [Ne III] 15.56
microns and [Ne V] 14.32 microns, and hard X-ray continuum show no differences between Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 populations, although six newly discovered BAT AGNs are shown to be under-luminous in [O IV], most likely the result of dust extinction in the host galaxy. The overall tightness of the mid-infrared correlations and BAT luminosities suggests that the emission lines primarily arise in gas ionized by the AGN. We also compared the mid-IR emission-lines in the BAT AGNs with those from published studies of star-forming galaxies and LINERs. We found that the BAT AGN fall into a distinctive region when comparing the [Ne III]/[Ne II] and the [O IV]/[Ne III] quantities. From this we found that sources that have been previously classified in the mid-infrared/optical as AGN have smaller emission line ratios than those found for the BAT AGNs, suggesting that, in our X-ray selected sample, the AGN represents the main contribution to the observed line emission. Overall, we present a different set of emission line diagnostics to distinguish between AGN and star forming galaxies that can be used as a tool to find new AGN.
Author
Active Galactic Nuclei; Seyfert Galaxies; Emission Spectra; Infrared Radiation; X Rays; Continuums; High Resolution
20100015633 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA; Science Applications International Corp., Albuquerque,
NM, USA; Boeing Later Technical Services (LTS), Inc., Kirtland AFB, NM, USA
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in Pupil - Part 2: Theory (POSTPRINT)
Sanchez, Darryl J.; Lilevjen, Katherine; Rhoadarmer, Troy; Mateen, Mala; Oesh, Denis; Beckner, Charles; Fung, Deborah;
Kelly, Patrick; Vincent, R. Anthony; Petty, Roger; Arguello, Loretta; Published in the Proceedings of the SPIE Annual Optics and Photonics Conference; July 1, 2008; Volume 7093; 17 pp.; In English; SPIE Annual Optics and Photonics Conference,
10 - 14 Aug. 2008, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2301; 62890F
Report No.(s): AD-A515875; AFRL-RD-PS-TP-2010-1005-PT-2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information
Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515875
This is the second of two papers discussing aspects of placing the deformable mirror in a location not conjugate to the
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pupil plane telescope. The Starfire Optical Range, Air Force Research Laboratory is in the process of developing a high efficiency adaptive optics (AO) system for its 3.5m telescope. The objective is to achieve maximum optical throughput while maintaining diffraction limited performance. This can be achieved by minimizing the number of optical elements which then implies placing the AO system on gimbal. Doing so forces the deformable mirror (DM) to not be conjugate to the pupil.
However, placing the DM so that it is not conjugate to the pupil results in degradation in Strehl. Wave optics simulation has shown a 7-15% degradation in Strehl. In the previous paper, we experimentally measured this degradation. Then we determine a means to mitigate this degradation in a manner that is implementable on conventional AO systems. Simulation results are presented to validate the veracity of the mitigation technique.
DTIC
Adaptive Optics; Deformable Mirrors; Feedback Control; Pupils; Telescopes
20100015761 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Science with the James Webb Space Telescope
Gardner, Jonathan P.; April 11, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; James Webb Space Telescope and European Extremely Large
Telescopes: An Ideal Combination, 11-16 Apr. 2010, Munich, Germany; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract
Only
The scientific capabilities of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) fall into four themes. The End of the Dark Ages:
First Light and Reionization theme seeks to identify the first luminous sources to form and to determine the ionization history of the universe. The Assembly of Galaxies theme seeks to determine how galaxies and the dark matter, gas, stars, metals, morphological structures, and active nuclei within them evolved from the epoch of reionization to the present. The Birth of
Stars and Protoplanetary Systems theme seeks to unravel the birth and early evolution of stars, from infall onto dust-enshrouded protostars, to the genesis of planetary systems. The Planetary Systems and the Origins of Life theme seeks to determine the physical and chemical properties of planetary systems around nearby stars and of our own, and investigate the potential for life in those systems. To enable these for science themes, JWST will be a large (6.6m) cold (50K) telescope launched to the second Earth-Sun Lagrange point in 2014. It is the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope, and is a partnership of NASA, ESA and CSA.
Author
James Webb Space Telescope; Stellar Evolution; Planetary Systems; Protostars; Early Stars; Galaxies; Ionization; Chemical
Properties; Dust
20100016099 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Mission Analysis for Multiple Rendezvous of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Earth Gravity Assist
Tobey, Uriah J; Mar 2010; 274 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A517553; AFIT/GA/ENY/10-M11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) catalog of near-Earth objects (NEOs) such as asteroids and comets contains over
6600 asteroids and 150 comets as of February of 2010. This includes over 1000 potentially hazardous asteroids, or objects with orbits that pass close enough to Earth to pose a potential impact threat. The asteroid community believes there are a significant number of objects still undiscovered, which makes finding, tracking, and calculating missions to study these objects an active area of research. This study was based on finding orbit solutions using Earth gravity assist to visit one NEO a year for 16 years with minimal characteristic velocities for a conventional impulsive thrust propulsion system. Using a user-defined launch date, the program iterates on a number of variables to populate lists of acceptable targets and outputs key mission parameters and
3D plots of the orbits involved.
DTIC
Asteroids; Comets; Gravitation; Near Earth Objects
20100016280 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
FSSC Science Tools: Pulsar Analysis
Thompson, Dave; February 08, 2010; 15 pp.; In English; 11th COSPAR Workshop - Fermi Data Analysis, 8-19 Feb. 2010,
Bangalore, India; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016280
This slide presentation reviews the typical pulsar analysis, giving tips for screening of the data, the use of time series
345
analysis, and utility tools. Specific information about analyzing Vela data is reviewed.
CASI
Pulsars; Time Series Analysis; Spaceborne Astronomy
20100016344 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
Cantrell, John H.; Cantrell, Sean A.; [2010]; 2 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 698259.02.07.07.02
Report No.(s): LF99-9046; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The interaction of the cantilever tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) with the sample surface is obtained by treating the cantilever and sample as independent systems coupled by a nonlinear force acting between the cantilever tip and a volume element of the sample surface. The volume element is subjected to a restoring force from the remainder of the sample that provides dynamical equilibrium for the combined systems. The model accounts for the positions on the cantilever of the cantilever tip, laser probe, and excitation force (if any) via a basis set of set of orthogonal functions that may be generalized to account for arbitrary cantilever shapes. The basis set is extended to include nonlinear cantilever modes. The model leads to a pair of coupled nonlinear differential equations that are solved analytically using a matrix iteration procedure. The effects of oscillatory excitation forces applied either to the cantilever or to the sample surface (or to both) are obtained from the solution set and applied to the to the assessment of phase and amplitude signals generated by various acoustic-atomic force microscope (A-AFM) modalities. The influence of bistable cantilever modes of on AFM signal generation is discussed. The effects on the cantilever-sample surface dynamics of subsurface features embedded in the sample that are perturbed by surface-generated oscillatory excitation forces and carried to the cantilever via wave propagation are accounted by the
Bolef-Miller propagating wave model. Expressions pertaining to signal generation and image contrast in A-AFM are obtained and applied to amplitude modulation (intermittent contact) atomic force microscopy and resonant difference-frequency atomic force ultrasonic microscopy (RDF-AFUM). The influence of phase accumulation in A-AFM on image contrast is discussed, as is the effect of hard contact and maximum nonlinearity regimes of A-AFM operation.
Author
Atomic Force Microscopy; Acoustic Microscopes; Mathematical Models; Wave Propagation; Nonlinear Equations; Image
Contrast; Amplitude Modulation; Oscillations
90
ASTROPHYSICS
Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust.
20100014805 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of X-Ray Polarimetry
Dorodnitsyn, A.; Kallman, T.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; High-resolution X-ray Spectroscopy: Past, Present and Future, 15-17
Mar. 2010, Utrecht, Netherlands; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Active galactic nuclei (AGNs), Seyfert galaxies, and quasars are powered by luminous accretion and often accompanied by winds that are powerful enough to affect the AGN mass budget, and whose observational appearance bears an imprint of processes that are happening within the central parsec around the black hole (BH). One example of such a wind is the partially ionized gas responsible for X-ray and UV absorption (warm absorbers). Here, we show that such gas will have a distinct signature when viewed in polarized X-rays. Observations of such polarization can test models for the geometry of the flow and the gas responsible for launching and collimating it. We present calculations that show that the polarization depends on the hydrodynamics of the flow, the quantum mechanics of resonance-line scattering, and the transfer of polarized X-ray light in the highly ionized moving gas. The results emphasize the three-dimensional nature of the wind for modeling spectra. We show that the polarization in the 0.1-10 keV energy range is dominated by the effects of resonance lines. We predict a 5%-25%
X-ray polarization signature of type-2 objects in this energy range. These results are generalized to flows that originate from a cold torus-like structure, located approximately 1 pc from the BH, which wraps the BH and is ultimately responsible for the apparent dichotomy between type 1 and type 2 AGNs. Such signals will be detectable by future dedicated X-ray polarimetry space missions, such as the NASA Gravity and Extreme Magnetism Small Explorer SMEX, ‘GEMS’ Swank et al. (2008).
Author
Active Galactic Nuclei; Black Holes (Astronomy); Hydrodynamics; Quasars; X Ray Astronomy; Active Galaxies; Galactic
Winds; Polarized Light
346
20100014820 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Testing Cosmic Inflation
Chuss, David; March 26, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) has provided a wealth of information about the history and physics of the early Universe. Much progress has been made on uncovering the emerging Standard Model of Cosmology by such experiments as COBE and WMAP, and ESA’s Planck Surveyor will likely increase our knowledge even more. Despite the success of this model, mysteries remain. Currently understood physics does not offer a compelling explanation for the homogeneity, flatness, and the origin of structure in the Universe. Cosmic Inflation, a brief epoch of exponential expansion, has been posted to explain these observations. If inflation is a reality, it is expected to produce a background spectrum of gravitational waves that will leave a small polarized imprint on the CMB. Discovery of this signal would give the first direct evidence for inflation and provide a window into physics at scales beyond those accessible to terrestrial particle accelerators.
I will briefly review aspects of the Standard Model of Cosmology and discuss our current efforts to design and deploy experiments to measure the polarization of the CMB with the precision required to test inflation.
Author
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation; Gravitational Waves; Microwave Anisotropy Probe; Cosmic Background Explorer
Satellite
20100014855 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
When Black Holes Collide
Baker, John; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Techkriti 2010 IIT, 11-14 Feb. 2010, Kanpur, India; No Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources; Abstract Only
Among the fascinating phenomena predicted by General Relativity, Einstein’s theory of gravity, black holes and gravitational waves, are particularly important in astronomy. Though once viewed as a mathematical oddity, black holes are now recognized as the central engines of many of astronomy’s most energetic cataclysms. Gravitational waves, though weakly interacting with ordinary matter, may be observed with new gravitational wave telescopes, opening a new window to the universe. These observations promise a direct view of the strong gravitational dynamics involving dense, often dark objects, such as black holes. The most powerful of these events may be merger of two colliding black holes. Though dark, these mergers may briefly release more energy that all the stars in the visible universe, in gravitational waves. General relativity makes precise predictions for the gravitational-wave signatures of these events, predictions which we can now calculate with the aid of supercomputer simulations. These results provide a foundation for interpreting expect observations in the emerging field of gravitational wave astronomy.
Author
Black Holes (Astronomy); Collisions; Gravitational Waves; Relativity; Gravity Waves
20100014856 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Poynting Robertson Battery and the Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN Jets
Kazanas, Demosthenes; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; American Physical Society April Meeting, 13-16 Feb. 2010, Washington,
DC, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
We propose that the magnetic fields in the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are generated by azimuthal electric currents due to the difference between the plasma electron and ion velocities that arises when the electrons are retarded by interactions with the AGN photons (the Poynting Robertson battery). This process provides a unique relation between the polarity of the poloidal B field to the angular velocity Omega of the accretion disk (B is parallel to Omega), a relation absent in the more popular dynamo B-field generation. This then leads to a unique direction for the toroidal B field induced by disk rotation. Observations of the toroidal fields of 29 AGN jets revealed by parsec-scale Faraday rotation measurements show a clear asymmetry that is consistent with this model, with the probability that this asymmetry comes about by chance being approx.0.06 %. This lends support to the hypothesis that the universe is seeded by B fields that are generated in AGNs via this mechanism and subsequently injected into intergalactic space by the jet outflows.
Author
Magnetic Fields; Accretion Disks; Active Galactic Nuclei; Azimuth; Electric Current; Polarity; Toroidal Plasmas; Chirality
20100014870 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid Structure and Dynamics at Mercury, Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
Slavin, James A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2010/EGU, 2-7 May 2010,
Vienna, Austria; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The circulation of plasma and magnetic flux within planetary magnetospheres is governed by the solar wind-driven
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Dungey and planetary rotation-driven cycles. The Dungey cycle is responsible for all circulation at Mercury and Earth. Jupiter and Saturn’s magnetospheres are dominated by the Vasyliunas cycle, but there is evidence for a small Dungey cycle contribution driven by the solar wind. Despite these fundamental differences, all well-observed magnetospheres eject relatively large parcels of the hot plasma, termed plasmoids, down their tails at high speeds. Plasmoids escape from the restraining force of the planetary magnetic field through reconnection in the equatorial current sheet separating the northern and southern hemispheres of the magnetosphere. The reconnection process gives the magnetic field threading plasmoids a helical or flux rope-type topology. In the Dungey cycle reconnection also provides the primary tailward force that accelerates plasmoids to high speeds as they move down the tail. We compare the available observations of plasmoids at Mercury, Earth,
Jupiter, and Saturn for the purpose of determining the relative role of plasmoids and the reconnection process in the dynamics these planetary magnetic tails.
Author
Magnetic Flux; High Temperature Plasmas; Planetary Rotation; Solar Wind; Plasmas (Physics); Planetary Magnetospheres
20100014902 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter (ASP)
Kogut, A. J.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Observational Frontiers of Astronomy for the New Decade SPIE, 27 Jun. - 2 Jul. 2010,
San Diego, CA, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter (ASP) is an Explorer-class mission to map the absolute intensity and linear polarization of the cosmic microwave background and diffuse astrophysical foregrounds over the full sky from 30 GHz to 5
THz. The principal science goal is the detection and characterization of linear polarization from an inflationary epoch in the early universe, with tensor-to-scalar ratio r much greater than 1O(raised to the power of { -3}) and Compton distortion y <
10 (raised to the power of{-6}). We describe the ASP instrument and mission architecture needed to detect the signature of an inflationary epoch in the early universe using only 4 semiconductor bolometers.
Author
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation; Linear Polarization; Polarimeters; Polarized Radiation; Mission Planning
20100014943 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Arge, C N; Henney, Carl J; Koller, Josef; Compeau, C R; Young, Shawn; MacKenzie, David; Fay, Alex; Harvey, John W; Mar
2010; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2301
Report No.(s): AD-A515973; AFRL-RV-HA-TR-2010-1013; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515973
As the primary input to coronal and solar wind models, global estimates of the solar photospheric magnetic field distribution are critical to space weather forecasting. These global magnetic maps are essential for accurate modeling of the corona and solar wind, which is vital for gaining the basic understanding necessary to improve forecasting models needed for
Air Force operations. In this paper, we describe our efforts and progress toward developing the Air Force Data Assimilative
Photospheric flux Transport (ADAPT) model. ADAPT incorporates the ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation technique with a photospheric magnetic flux transport model. The flux transport model evolves the magnetic flux on the Sun using relatively well understood transport processes when observations are not available and then updates the modeled flux with new observations using the ensemble Kalman filter. The data assimilation with the ensemble Kalman filter rigorously takes into account model and observational uncertainties, as well as accounting for regional correlations. Anticipated outcomes of the
ADAPT model include improvement in: 1) the estimation of solar corona and polar fields. 2) understanding the nature and behavior of solar super granular diffusion and meridional flows over the solar cycle, and 3) modeling and forecasting the solar wind near Earth.
DTIC
Aerospace Environments; Forecasting; Photosphere; Solar Corona; Solar Wind; Stellar Models
20100015289 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Photoionization Modeling
Kallman, T.; Mar. 15, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; High-resolution X-ray Spectroscopy: Past, Present, and Future, 15-17 Mar.
2010, Utrecht, Netherlands; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Warm absorber spectra are characterized by the many lines from partially ionized intermediate-Z elements, and iron,
348
detected with the grating instruments on Chandra and XMM-Newton. If these ions are formed in a gas which is in photoionization equilibrium, they correspond to a broad range of ionization parameters, although there is evidence for certain preferred values. A test for any dynamical model for these outflows is to reproduce these properties, at some level of detail.
In this paper we present a statistical analysis of the ionization distribution which can be applied both the observed spectra and to theoretical models. As an example, we apply it to our dynamical models for warm absorber outflows, based on evaporation from the molecular torus.
Author
Photoionization; X Ray Astrophysics Facility; XMM-Newton Telescope; Ionization; Statistical Analysis; Iron
20100015299 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Understanding and Forecasting the Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
Lean, J L; Picone, J M; Emmert, J T; Dahlburg, J P; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A516755; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The battlespace environment extends far above the surface of the Earth. Of special importance are the outer layers of the
Earth’s atmosphere, from altitudes 100 to 1000 km, where there is sufficient mass to impede the motion of Earth-orbiting spacecraft, and where layers of charged particles control the propagation of radio waves. Changes in atmospheric drag alter the orbits of the thousands of space objects in low Earth orbit (LEO) that are tracked by the U.S. Space Command. The ionosphere transmits, reflects, retards, and refracts kHz to MHz radio wave frequencies. As a result, fluctuations in the neutral and ionized environment can negatively impact Naval operations by disrupting communications and navigation and by degrading radar accuracy, targeting precision, and orbit prediction. The Sun is the primary source of variations in the neutral and ionized upper atmosphere. A suite of new solar and atmospheric data bases that extend over the Sun’s 11-year activity cycle are now refining our understanding of the intricately interconnected Sun-Earth system, thereby improving the ability to predict this region’s impact on DoD systems. The new data bases include solar imagery from NRL instruments aboard the
Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), daily thermospheric mass density derived from spacecraft drag via a new NRL algorithm, and total electron content obtained from analyses of GPS timing by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe
(CODE).
DTIC
Atmospheric Density; Forecasting; Military Operations; Radio Transmission; Solar Radiation; Sun; Ultraviolet Radiation;
Upper Atmosphere
20100015432 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
Archer, D.; Betz, F.; Gu, Y.; Masson, S.; Qu, M.; May 31, 2008; 44 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-06NT42798
Report No.(s): DE2009-964182; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
ABETI/IWESS is a project carried out by Carnegie Mellon’s Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, the
CBPD, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy/EERE, to design, procure, install, operate, and evaluate an energy supply system, an ESS, that will provide power, cooling, heating and ventilation for CBPD’s Intelligent Workplace, the IW. The energy sources for this system, the IWESS, are solar radiation and bioDiesel fuel. The components of this overall system are:
(1) a solar driven cooling and heating system for the IW comprising solar receivers, an absorption chiller, heat recovery exchanger, and circulation pump; (2) a bioDiesel fueled engine generator with heat recovery exchangers, one on the exhaust to provide steam and the other on the engine coolant to provide heated water; (3) a ventilation system including an enthalpy recovery wheel, an air based heat pump, an active desiccant wheel, and an air circulation fan; and (4) various convective and radiant cooling/heating units and ventilation air diffusers distributed throughout the IW. The goal of the ABETI/IWESS project is to demonstrate an energy supply system for a building space that will provide a healthy, comfortable environment for the occupants and that will reduce the quantity of energy consumed in the operation of a building space by a factor of 2 less than that of a conventional energy supply for power, cooling, heating, and ventilation based on utility power and natural gas fuel for heating.
NTIS
Natural Gas; Solar Energy
349
20100015525 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of Organic Materials
Nuth, Joseph A.; Johnson, N. M.; Meshik, A.; February 28, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Origins Spectral Interpretation Resource
Identification Security (OSIRIS) Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 28 Feb. - 5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015525
When hydrogen, nitrogen and CO arc exposed to amorphous iron silicate surfaces at temperatures between 500 - 900K, a carbonaceous coating forms via Fischer-Tropsch type reactions!, Under normal circumstances such a catalytic coating would impede or stop further reaction. However, we find that this coating is a better catalyst than the amorphous iron silicates that initiate these rcactions:u . The formation of a self-perpetuating catalytic coating on grain surfaces could explain the rich deposits of macromolecular carbon found in primitive meteorites and would imply that protostellar nebulae should be rich in organic materiaL Many more experiments are needed to understand this chemical system and its application to protostellar nebulae.
Author
Amorphous Materials; Fischer-Tropsch Process; Coating; Metal Surfaces; Rare Gases
20100015532 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow Solar Wind Regions
Kahler, S. W.; Tylka, A. J.; Reames, D. V.; Astrophysical Journal; July 24, 2009; Volume 701, No. 1, pp. 561 - 570; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2301
Report No.(s): AD-A515398; AFRL-RV-HA-TR-2009-1133; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The solar energetic (E 1 MeV per nucleon) particles (SEPs) observed in gradual events at 1 AU are assumed to be accelerated by coronal/interplanetary shocks from ambient thermal or suprathermal seed particles. If so, then the elemental abundances of SEPs produced in different solar wind (SW) stream types (transient, fast, and slow) might be systematically distinguished from each other. We look for these differences in SEP energy spectra and in elemental abundance ratios
(including Mg/Ne and Fe/C, which compare low/high first ionization potential elements), in a large number of SEP time intervals over the past solar cycle. The SW regions are characterized by the three-component stream classification of
Richardson et al. Our survey shows no significant compositional or energy spectral differences in the 5-10 MeV per nucleon range for SEP events of different SW stream types. This result extends the earlier finding that SEP events are observed frequently in fast SW streams, although their higher Alfven and SW flow speeds should constrain SEP production by coronal mass ejection-driven shocks in those regions. We discuss the implications of our results for shock seed populations and cross-field propagation.
DTIC
Energetic Particles; Solar Physics; Solar Wind
20100015563 Boston Univ., Boston, MA, USA
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
Schwardron, N. A.; Owens, M.; Crooker, N. U.; Astrophysics and Space Science Transactions; May 2008; Volume 4, pp. 19-26; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06GC18G; NSF ATM-012950; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: www.astrophys-space-sci-trans.net/4/19/2008/
The concept that open magnetic flux of the Sun (rooted with one and only one footpoint at the Sun) is a conserved quantity is taking root in the heliospheric community. Observations show that the Sun’s open magnetic flux returns to the baseline from one solar minimum to the next. The temporary enhancement in the 1AU heliospheric magnetic flux near solar maximum can be accounted for by the temporary creation of closed magnetic flux (with two footpoints at the Sun) during the ejection of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which are more frequent near solar maximum. As a part of the International Heliophysical
Year activities, this paper reviews two recently discussed consequences of open flux conservation: the reversal of open magnetic flux over the solar cycle driven by Coronal Mass Ejections and the impacts of open flux conservation on the global structure of the heliospheric magnetic field. These studies demonstrate the inherent linkages between coronal mass ejections, footpoint motions back at the Sun, and the global structure and evolution of the heliospheric magnetic field.
Author
Coronal Mass Ejection; Heliosphere; Solar Cycles; Sun; Solar Magnetic Field; Astrophysics
350
20100015830 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
Beasley, Joseph N; Holmes, Michael R; Yeh, Hen-Geul; Oct 2009; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1011
Report No.(s): AD-A516830; AFRL-PR-ED-JA-2006-299; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516830
This article is the culmination of research directed into finding a system to control the position of the focal spot of paraboloid concentrators for use in terrestrial and space solar concentration applications. After a brief introduction into the area of study, the article describes how a normal Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is modified for use in detecting and tracking the focal spot. The first experiment describes how the wavefront sensor is to be utilized in a solar application and shows the adjustment from lenslets to cylindrical mirrors on a thruster. Next, the paper details the analysis and development of the algorithms used in locating the focal spot on a thruster absorber utilizing a correlation method and an area centroid method.
The article concludes with a paragraph on suitable future work.
DTIC
Solar Collectors; Solar Radiation; Wave Fronts
20100015897 University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario Canada
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When Computational Models are Confronted by Observations
Jones, C E; Tycner, C; Benson, J A; Hutter, D J; Schmitt, H R; Sigut, T A; Zavala, R T; Jan 2010; 5 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517050; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517050
Many massive stars are embedded within gaseous circumstellar matter; sometimes dust and molecules are also present.
Though the disks are sometimes too small to be detected directly, this material can be detected in the spectrum of radiation we observe from the star. Often, the circumstellar material has a disk-like distribution, but the physical processes that form and maintain these disks are not well understood. Be stars are an example of rapidly rotating, hot stars, whose spectra at optical wavelengths show both hydrogen emission lines and, frequently, emission lines from singly ionized metals due to the presence of a disk. We have computed theoretical models of circumstellar disks for Be stars, using a non-LTE radiative transfer code which incorporates a number of improvements over previous treatments of the disk thermal structure, including a realistic chemical composition. These models can predict spectral line profiles and equivalent widths, spectral energy distributions, and continuum polarization. Models with accurate thermal structures and radiation fields are essential to interpreting observations correctly. These models can also predict images on the plane of the sky in important wavelengths and are therefore ideally suited for comparison with interferometric observations. I will demonstrate that our models can be constrained by direct comparison with optical interferometric observations for the H emitting region and by contemporaneous H line profiles.
Detailed comparisons of our predictions with H interferometry and spectroscopy place very tight constraints on the model free parameters for these star-disks systems.
DTIC
B Stars; Interferometry; Mathematical Models; Stellar Envelopes
20100016072 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Exploring Solar Flares with Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Murphy, R; Jan 2008; 13 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517467; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Gamma-ray and neutron emissions from solar flares carry information about the flaring process and conditions within the flaring magnetic loop. Extraction of this information from solar flare measurements requires an ion-acceleration, transport, and interaction model with parameters directly related to those physical processes. In this paper we describe such a magnetic-loop model. Each of the gamma-ray and neutron measurable quantities depends to varying degree on the parameters of the model.
We describe these dependences and construct a self-consistent approach to the analysis of high-energy flare data that provides an optimum set of parameters. To illustrate this approach, we summarize the analysis of gamma-ray and neutron data obtained from the 1991 June 4 solar flare with the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE), a satellite-based instrument developed at NRL.
DTIC
Gamma Rays; Neutrons; Solar Activity; Solar Flares
351
20100016077 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved, Prague, Czechoslovakia
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be Star o Cassiopeiae
Koubsky, P; Hummel, C; Harmanec, P; Yang, S; Bozic, H; Tycner, C; Zavala, R; Jan 2010; 3 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517479; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The analysis of radial velocities of the Be star o Cas from spectra taken between 1992 and 2008 at Ondrejov and
Dominion Astrophysical Observatories allowed us to reconfirm the binary nature of this object, first suggested by Abt and
Levy in 1978, but later refuted by several authors. The orbital parameters of this SB1 system imply a very high mass function of about one solar mass. This in turn leads to a very high mass of the secondary, possibly higher than that of the primary. In order to check for the existence of such a massive secondary, o Cas was observed with the Navy Prototype Optical
Interferometer, which allowed the binary components to be spatially resolved for the first time. The interferometric observations lead to the detection of a secondary, about 3 mag fainter than the primary. The possible properties of this peculiar binary system are discussed.
DTIC
B Stars; Binary Stars; Interferometry; O Stars; Spectroscopy
20100016117 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)
Chen, J; Schuck, P W; Kunkel, V; Jan 2008; 4 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A517616; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Strong geomagnetic storms cause disturbances in the ionosphere that can modify conditions in the operational environment of the Navy around the globe. If severe enough, they can degrade or cause outages in SATCOM and GPS operations, impairing the Navy’s ability to maintain environmental awareness and continuous connectivity of the widely dispersed fleet. The ultimate cause of strong storms is the eruption of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at the Sun.
CMEs, which are strongly magnetized plasma structures, represent ejection of 1016 g of material at up to 2000 km/s from the
Sun. The magnetic geometry and the driving mechanism of CMEs have been two major questions of modern solar physics.
These questions are closely related: the driving forces acting on a magnetized plasma structure critically depend on its magnetic geometry in three dimensions. Unfortunately, neither the magnetic field of the eruptive structure nor the forces acting on it can be directly measured. Under an NRL basic research program supplemented by NASA grants, we have developed a first-principles theory to understand the 3D magnetic geometry and the nature of the force from directly observable quantities.
DTIC
Coronal Mass Ejection; Magnetic Fields
91
LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION
Includes planetology; selenology; meteorites; comets; and manned and unmanned planetary and lunar flights. For spacecraft design or space stations see 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance .
20100014808 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to STARDUST Samples
Milam, Stefanie N.; Cody, George D.; Kilcoyne, A. L. David; Nuevo, Michel; Sandford, Scott A.; Stroud, Rhonda M.;
DeGregorio, Bradley T.; Mar. 20, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; American Chemical Society (ACS) #13746-10-ST Conference,
20-25 Mar. 2010, San Francisco, CA, USA; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
We present C-, N-, and O-XANES (X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy) results of organic residues produced in the laboratory from the UV irradiation of astrophysical ice analogs containing H20, CO, CH30H, NH31 in order to mimic processes that may occur in cold icy bodies of the outer Solar System, particularly in comets, Such analyses showed that laboratory-formed organic residues mainly consist of a solid phase and an oily phase. C-XANES analysis of the solid phase suggests a rich distribution of organic functionalities, among which carbonyl groups, C=C bonds, and alcohols are present.
Results from N-XANES indicate the possible presence of amide, amine, and nitrile groups, The O-XANES spectra confirmed the a-bearing groups, These results are compared with the XANES spectra obtained from STARDUST cometary samples,
Author
Carbonyl Compounds; Comets; Ice; Irradiation; Nitriles; Solar System; Chemical Composition
352
20100015087 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice Analogs
Milam, Stefanie N.; Nuevo, Michel; Sandford, Scott A.; Elsila, Jamie E.; Dworkin, Jason P.; March 20, 2010; 1 pp.; In
English; Amerian Chemical Society (ACS) #13746-10-ST Meeting, 20-25 Mar. 2010, San Francisco, Ca, USA; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
Previous laboratory simulations showed that complex molecules, including prebiotic compounds/can be formed under interstellar conditions from the vacuum UV irradiation of interstellar ice analogs containing H2O, CO, NH3 etc. Although some complex prebiotic species have not been confirmed In the interstellar medium, they are known to be present in meteorites. Nucleobases, the building blocks of DNA and RNA, have also been detected in meteorites. Here, we present a study of the formation of pyrimidine-based compounds from the UV irradiation of pyrimidine in H2O- and/or NH3-ices at
20-30 K, Our results show that various derivatives, induding the nucleobases uracil and cytosine, are formed under these conditions.
Author
Interstellar Matter; Irradiation; Pyrimidines; Analogs; Ice
20100015316 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA) Controller Based on Flight Performance
Shah, Neerav; [2010]; 16 pp.; In English; 2010 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Guidance,
Navigation and Control (GN and C) Conference, 2-5 Aug. 2010, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015316
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) was launched on
June 18, 2009 and is currently in a 50 km mean altitude polar orbit around the Moon. LRO was designed and built by the
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MD. The spacecraft is three-axis stabilized via the attitude control system
(ACS), which is composed of various control modes using different sets of sensors and actuators. In addition to pointing the spacecraft, the ACS is responsible for pointing LRO s two appendages, the Solar Array (SA) and the High Gain Antenna
(HGA). This study reviews LRO s HGA control system. Starting with an overview of the HGA system, the paper delves into the single input single output (SISO) linear analysis followed by the controller design. Based on flight results, an alternate control scheme is devised to address inherent features in the flight control system. The modified control scheme couples the
HGA loop with the spacecraft pointing control loop, and through analysis is shown to be stable and improve transient performance. Although proposed, the LRO project decided against implementing this modification.
Author
Reconnaissance; Lunar Orbiter; Pointing Control Systems; Polar Orbits; Spacecraft Control; Appendages; Attitude Control;
High Gain
20100015390 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
Thronson, Harley; Talay, Ted; [2010]; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015390
With NASA’s commitment to the International Space Station (ISS) now all but certain for at least through the coming decade, serious consideration may be given to extended US in-space operations in the 2020s, when presumably the ISS will exceed its sell by date. Indeed, both ESA and Roscosmos, in addition to their unambiguous current commitment to ISS, have published early concept studies for extended post-ISS habitation (e.g., http://www.esa.int/esaHS/index.html, http:// www.russianspaceweb.com/opsek.html and references therein). In the US, engineers and scientists have for a decade been working both within and outside NASA to assess one consistent candidate for long-term post-ISS habitation and operations, although interrupted by changing priorities for human space flight, Congressional direction, and constrained budgets. The evolving work of these groups is described here, which may have renewed relevance with the recent completion of a major review of the nation s human space flight program.
Derived from text
International Space Station; Manned Space Flight; Systems Engineering; Earth-Moon System; Mars (Planet)
353
20100015442 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Williams, David R.; Hills, H. Kent; Guinness, Edward A.; Lowman, Paul D.; Taylor, Patrick T.; March 2010; 2 pp.; In
English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 ,
Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015442
The Apollo missions between 1969 and 1972 deployed scientific instruments on the Moon’s surface which made in-situ measurements of the lunar environment. Apollo II had the short-term Early Apollo Surface Experiments Package (EASEP) and
Apollos 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17 each set up an Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP). Each ALSEP package contained a different suite of instruments which took measurements and radioed the results back to Earth over periods from
5 to 7 years until they were turned off on 30 September 1977. To this day the ALSEP data remain the only long-term in-situ information on the Moon’s surface environment. The Lunar Data Node (LDN) has been formed under the auspices of the
Planetary Data System (PDS) Geosciences Node to put relevant, scientifically important Apollo data into accessible digital form for use by researchers and mission planners. We will report on progress made since last year and plans for future data restorations.
Derived from text
Data Systems; Geophysics; In Situ Measurement; Lunar Surface; Easep; Apollo Project
20100015513 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector and Lunar
Prospector Neutron Detector
McClanahan, Timothy P.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Boynton, W. V.; Sagdeev, R.; Trombka, J. I.; Starr, R. D.; Evans, L. G.; Litvak,
M. L.; Chin, G.; Garvin, J.; Sanin, A. B.; Malakhov, A.; Milikh, G. M.; Harshman, K.; Finch, M. J.; Nandikotkur, G.; March
2010; 2 pp.; In English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-4 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015513
The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter’s (LRO), Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) was developed to refine the lunar surface hydrogen (H) measurements generated by the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer. LPNS measurements indicated a approx.4,6% decrease in polar epithermal fluxes equivalent to (1.5+/-0,8)% H concentration and are direct geochemical evidence indicating water /high H at the poles. Given the similar operational and instrumental objectives of the
LEND and LPNS systems, an important science analysis step for LEND is to test correlation with existing research including
LPNS measurements. In this analysis, we compare corrected low altitude epithermal rate data from LPNS available via
NASA’s Planetary Data System (PDS) with calibrated LEND epithermal maps using a cross-correlation technique
Author
Neutron Spectrometers; Lunar Orbiter; Reconnaissance; Lunar Exploration; Cross Correlation; Neutrons; Hydrogen; Lunar
Surface
20100016327 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Development of a Modified Vacuum Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Toon, Katherine P.; Lee, Steve A.; Edgerly, Rachel D.; [2010]; 15 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental
Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 439906.04.04.04
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20054; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016327
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) mission to expand space exploration will return humans to the Moon with the goal of maintaining a long-term presence. One challenge that NASA will face returning to the Moon is managing the lunar regolith found on the Moon’s surface, which will collect on extravehicular activity (EVA) suits and other equipment. Based on the Apollo experience, the issues astronauts encountered with lunar regolith included eye/lung irritation, and various hardware failures (seals, screw threads, electrical connectors and fabric contamination), which were all related to inadequate lunar regolith mitigation. A vacuum cleaner capable of detaching, transferring, and efficiently capturing lunar regolith has been proposed as a method to mitigate the lunar regolith problem in the habitable environment on lunar surface.
In order to develop this vacuum, a modified ‘off-the-shelf’ vacuum cleaner will be used to determine detachment efficiency, vacuum requirements, and optimal cleaning techniques to ensure efficient dust removal in habitable lunar surfaces, EVA spacesuits, and air exchange volume. During the initial development of the Lunar Surface System vacuum cleaner, systematic
354
testing was performed with varying flow rates on multiple surfaces (fabrics and metallics), atmospheric (14.7 psia) and reduced pressures (10.2 and 8.3 psia), different vacuum tool attachments, and several vacuum cleaning techniques in order to determine the performance requirements for the vacuum cleaner. The data recorded during testing was evaluated by calculating particulate removal, relative to the retained simulant on the tested surface. In addition, optical microscopy was used to determine particle size distribution retained on the surface. The scope of this paper is to explain the initial phase of vacuum cleaner development, including historical Apollo mission data, current state-of-the-art vacuum cleaner technology, and vacuum cleaner testing that has focused on detachment capabilities at varying pressure environments.
Author
Lunar Rocks; Regolith; Extravehicular Activity; Lunar Surface; Dust; Space Suits; Particulates; Fabrics; Moon; Vacuum
92
SOLAR PHYSICS
Includes solar activity, solar flares, solar radiation and sunspots. For related information see 93 Space Radiation .
20100014811 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your Eye on the Sun
Pesnell, William Dean; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Space Weather Workshop, 27-30 Apr. 2010, Boulder, CO, USA; No
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) was launched on February 11,2010 into partly cloudy skies over Cape Canaveral,
Florida. SDO moved into a 28 degree inclined geosynchronous orbit over the longitude of the ground station in New Mexico.
SDO is the first Space Weather Mission in NASA’s Living With a Star Program. SDO’s main goal is to understand and predict those solar variations that influence life on Earth and our technological systems. The SDO science investigations will determine how the Sun’s magnetic field is generated and structured, how this stored magnetic energy is released into the heliosphere as the solar wind, energetic particles, and variations in the solar irradiance. The SDO mission consists of three scientific investigations (AIA, EVE, and HMI), a spacecraft bus, and a dedicated Ka-band ground station to handle the 150
Mbps data flow. SDO continues a long tradition of NASA missions providing calibrated solar spectral irradiance data, in this case using multiple measurements of the irradiance and rocket underflights of the spacecraft. The other instruments on SDO will be used to explain and develop predictive models of the solar spectral irradiance in the extreme ultraviolet. Science teams at LMSAL, LASP, and Stanford are responsible for processing, analyzing, distributing, and archiving the science data. We will talk about the building of SDO, its launch, and the data and science it will provide to NASA.
Author
Helioseismology; Heliosphere; Solar Magnetic Field; Solar Observatories; Solar Radiation; Space Weather; Sun
20100014879 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our New Eye on the Sky
Chamberlin, Phillip; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The solar photon output, which was once thought to be constant, varies over all time scales from seconds during solar flares to years due to the solar cycle. These solar variations cause significant deviations in the Earth and space environments on similar time scales, such as affecting the atmospheric densities and composition of particular atoms, molecules, and ions in the atmospheres of the Earth and other planets. Presented and discussed will be examples of current data from satellites that have preceded SDO such as TRACE, SOHO and TIMED that show how we can trace the origins of solar activity from inside the Sun, though its atmosphere, then all the way to the Sun’s influence on the Earth and other objects in the solar system. The presentation will continuously emphasize how the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the first satellite in NASA’s Living with a Star program, is going to improve upon these current observations and provide further insights into the variable Sun and its Heliospheric influence.
Author
Solar Observatories; Aerospace Environments; Atmospheric Density; Helioseismology; Solar Flares; Solar Cycles; Solar
Activity
20100014882 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
NASA’s STEREO Mission
Gurman, Joseph B.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Space Weather Workshop, 24-30 Apr. 2010, Boulder, CO, USA; No Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
NASA’s Solar-TErrestrial Relations Observatory mission, launched in 2006 October, consists of two nearly identical
355
spacecraft in heliocentric orbits and currently 1380 of heliolongitude apart. Instrumentation on both spacecraft monitor solar wind plasma and magnetic field parameters, energetic particles, radio flux, and provide EUV and visible-light imaging of the corona, as well as novel, visible-light images of the ecliptic heliosphere. In addition to higher-resolution telemetry that enables a broad range of research into the propagation of disturbances in the inner heliosphere, a low-bandwidth, space weather beacon telemetry stream provides near-realtime information on each of these measurement types.
Author
Solar Wind; STEREO (Observatory); Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation; Heliosphere; Solar Orbits; Spacecraft Orbits; Plasma
Interactions; Light (Visible Radiation); Energetic Particles
20100015558 Boston Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron Dropouts: Signatures of Magnetic Connection to the Sun, Disconnection, or
Interchange Reconnection?
Crooker, N. U.; Pagel, C.; Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics; Feb. 2008; ISSN 0148-0227; Volume 113; 8 pp.;
In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG06GC18G; NSF ATM-0553397; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JA012421
A recent assessment of suprathermal electron heat flux dropouts (HFDs) in the solar wind eliminated 90% as possible signatures of field lines disconnected from the Sun at both ends (Pagel et al., 2005b). The primary reason for elimination was the presence of a residual field-aligned strahl presumably signaling field lines connected to the Sun. Using high-timeresolution data from the Wind spacecraft, this paper tests whether the residual strahls were an artifact of averaging over pitch angle distributions (PADs) with and without strahls. An automated search for PADs without strahls (flat PADs) yields an occurrence rate of only 14% within HFDs, but a detailed case study shows that these flat PADs are imbedded within intervals of nearly flat PADs, that is, PADS with residual strahls that cannot be artifacts of averaging. An attractive alternative is that the residual strahls result from intermixing of originally back-scattered fluxes (haloes) of unequal intensities on field lines that have either disconnected or interchange reconnected at the Sun. A reevaluation of reported streaming of higher-energy electrons in HFDs suggests a similar cause. While the high-time-resolution data show high variability of PAD profiles within
HFDs, this paper reopens the possibility that a substantial fraction signal disconnection or interchange reconnection. Estimated occurrence rates of fields having undergone these processes based upon published HFD rates are of the same order of magnitude as the surprisingly low values of 1-5% recently predicted by a model of a balanced heliospheric flux budget (Owens and Crooker, 2007).
Author
Electrons; Magnetic Field Reconnection; Solar Wind; Sun
20100015565 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA, USA
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
McPherron, R. L.; Baker, D. N.; Crooker, N. U.; Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics; [2010]; ISSN
1364-6826; Volume 71, pp. 1032-1044; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04GA93G; NSF ATM-0120950; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2008.11.002
While it is well known that high fluxes of relativistic electrons in the Earth’s radiation belts are associated with high-speed solar wind and its heightened geoeffectiveness,less known is the fact that the Russell McPherron(R M) effect strongly controls whether or not a given high-speed stream is geoffective. To test whether it then follows that the R M effect also strongly controls fluxes of relativistic electrons, we perform a superposed epoch analysis across corotating interaction regions (CIR) keyed on the interfaces between slow and fast wind. A total of 394 stream interfaces were identified in the years 1994-2006.
Equinoctial interfaces were separated into four classes based on the R-M effect,that is, whether the solar wind on either side of the interface was either(geo)effective (E) or ineffective (I) depending on season and the polarity of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Four classes of interface identified as II, IE, EI,and EE are possible. The classes IE and EI correspond to CIRs with polarity changes indicating passage through the heliospheric current sheet. To characterize the behavior of solar wind and magnetospheric variables, we produced maps of dynamic cumulative probability distribution functions (cdfs) as a function of time over 10-day intervals centered on the interfaces. These reveal that effective high-speed streams have geomagnetic activity nearly twice as strong as ineffective streams and electron fluxes a factor of 12 higher. In addition they show that an effective low-speed stream increases the flux of relativistic electrons before the interface so that an effective to ineffective transition results in lower fluxes after the interface.We conclude that the R-M effect plays a major role in organizing
356
and sustaining a sequence of physical processes responsible for the acceleration of relativistic electrons.
Author
Geomagnetism; High Energy Electrons; Interplanetary Magnetic Fields; Solar Physics; Electron Acceleration; Time
Measurement
20100015775 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow Over a Solar Cycle
Hathaway, David H.; Rightmire, Lisa; Science; March 12, 2010; Volume 327, No. 5971, pp. 1350-1352; In English; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1181990
The Sun’s meridional flow is an axisymmetric flow that is generally directed from its equator toward its poles at the surface. The structure and strength of the meridional flow determine both the strength of the Sun’s polar magnetic field and the intensity of sunspot cycles. We determine the meridional flow speed of magnetic features on the Sun using data from the
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. The average flow is poleward at all latitudes up to 75 , which suggests that it extends to the poles. It was faster at sun spot cycle minimum than at maximum and substantially faster on the approach to the current minimum than it was at the last solar minimum. This result may help to ex plain why this solar activity minimum is so peculiar.
Author
Meridional Flow; Sun; Solar Magnetic Field; Solar Activity Effects; Solar Activity; Sunspot Cycle
93
SPACE RADIATION
Includes cosmic radiation; and inner and outer Earth radiation belts. For biological effects of radiation on plants and animals see 51 Life
Sciences ; on human beings see 52 Aerospace Medicine. For theory see 73 Nuclear Physics .
20100014884 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary SDO EVE Data
Chamberlin, Phillip; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, 18-25 Jul. 2010, Bremen, Germany; No
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only
The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) launched February 11,2010 from Kennedy Space Center and started normal science operations in April 2010. One of the instruments onboard SDO, the EUV Variability Experiment (EVE), will measure the solar EUV irradiance from 0.1-105 nm with 0.1 nm spectral resolution as well as a measure of the broad-band
Lyman-Alpha emission (121.6 nm), all with less than 10 percent uncertainties. One of the biggest improvements of EVE over its predecessors is its ability to continuously measure the complete spectrum every 10 seconds, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
This temporal coverage and cadence will greatly enhance the knowledge of the solar EUV variations during solar flares. This paper will present a comparison of the Flare Irradiance Spectral Model (FISM), which can produce an estimated EUV spectrum at 10 seconds temporal resolution, to the preliminary results from SDO EVE. The discussion will focus on the short-term EUV flare variations and evolution.
Author
Solar Observatories; Helioseismology; Irradiance; Lyman Alpha Radiation; Solar Flares; Solar Radiation; Temporal
Resolution
20100015514 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
Loeffler, M. J.; Hudson, R. L.; Moore, M. H.; March 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
(LASP), 1-4 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI:
A01 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100015514
The Galileo near-infrared mapping spectrometer (NIMS) detected regions on Europa’s surface containing distorted H2O bands. This distortion likely indicates that there are other molecules mixed with the water ice. Based on spectral comparison, some of the leading possibilities are sulfuric acid, salts. or possibly H3O(+). Previous laboratory studies have shown that
357
sulfuric acid can be created by irradiation of H2OSO2 mixtures, and both molecules are present on Europa. In this project, we were interested in investigating the radiation stability of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and determining its lifetime on the surface of Europa.
Author
Europa; Galileo Spacecraft; Ion Irradiation; Sulfuric Acid; Irradiation; Distortion
20100016346 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the Green’s Function Technique
Rockell, Candice; Tweed, John; Blattnig, Steve R.; Mertens, Christopher J.; [2010]; 25 pp.; In English; American Nuclear
Society - 2010 Joint Topical Meeting, 18-23 Apr. 2010, Las Vegas, NV, USA; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 651549.02.07.06
Report No.(s): NF1676L-9835; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03 , Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100016346
In the future, astronauts will be sent into space for longer durations of time compared to previous missions. The increased risk of exposure to dangerous radiation, such as Galactic Cosmic Rays and Solar Particle Events, is of great concern.
Consequently, steps must be taken to ensure astronaut safety by providing adequate shielding. In order to better determine and verify shielding requirements, an accurate and efficient radiation transport code based on a fully three dimensional radiation transport model using the Green’s function technique is being developed
Author
Radiation Transport; Galactic Cosmic Rays; Solar Corpuscular Radiation; Spacecraft Shielding; Radiation Dosage; Green’s
Functions
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Subject Term Index
ABLATION
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
ABNORMALITIES
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
ABRASION
Abrasion Testing of Candidate Outer
Layer Fabrics for Lunar EVA Space
Suits
ABSORPTION
Development and Demonstration of a
Field-Deployable fast Chromotomographic Imager
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
ABUNDANCE
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
ACCESS CONTROL
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for guages
Security-typed Lan-
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
ACCOUNTING
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the
Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
ACCRETION DISKS
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
ACCURACY
A Unified Approach to Joint
Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and
Event Location with a 3D Earth
Model
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
System and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs
ACETYL COMPOUNDS
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
ACOUSTIC ATTENUATION
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation to Low-Intensity
Sounds
ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPES
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
ACOUSTIC VELOCITY
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
Quality Controlling Surfzone Acoustic
Doppler Velocimeter Observations to Estimate the Turbulent Dissipation
Rate
ACOUSTICS
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface
Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
ACQUISITION
An Empirical Study of Re-sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error
Estimates in Split-plot Designs
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could
Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
ACTIVE CONTROL
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
ACTIVE GALAXIES
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
ACTUATION
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
ACTUATORS
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
A-1
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
ADAPTATION
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
ADAPTIVE CONTROL
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
ADAPTIVE OPTICS
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Phase Unwrapping in the Presence of
Strong Turbulence
ADDITIVES
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
ADHESIVES
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
ADVANCED MICROWAVE SOUNDING
UNIT
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a
Manduca Sexta Forewing
AERODYNAMIC BRAKES
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Distributed Propulsion: New Opportunities for an Old Concept
AERODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
AERODYNAMIC HEATING
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
AERODYNAMIC LOADS
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads
Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
AEROELASTICITY
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
AEROSOLS
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Modeling Activities in the Department of
Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the Precipitation Processes
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
AEROSPACE MEDICINE
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
AEROSPACE SYSTEMS
Air and Space Power Journal. Volume
18, Number 1, Spring 2004
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19,
Number 3, Fall 2005
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Organizational Options for the Future
Aerospace Force
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
Test Rack Development for Extended
Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
AEROSPACE VEHICLES
Development of Multidisciplinary, Multifidelity Analysis, Integration, and Optimization of Aerospace Vehicles
AFGHANISTAN
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
Non-Kinetic Shaping Operations: The
Soviet Information Campaign Supporting the Invasion of Afghanistan
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
AFRICA
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
Of Battle and Disease: The East African
Campaign of 1914-18
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
AFTERGLOWS
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
AGE FACTOR
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
AGGLOMERATION
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
AGGREGATES
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
A-2
AGING (MATERIALS)
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal loys
Aging on xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
(Fe1-
Al-
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
AGREEMENTS
Inpatient Mental Health Recaptre using
Dod/VA Sharing
AGRICULTURE
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
AIR FLOW
Distributed Propulsion: New Opportunities for an Old Concept
AIR LAND INTERACTIONS
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
AIR POLLUTION
Climate Change: Observations on Options for Selling Emissions Allowances in a Cap-and-Trade Program
Corporate Average Fuel Economy for MY
2012-MY 2016 Passenger Cars and
Light Trucks. Final Regulatory Impact
Analysis
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
Nonroad Evaporative Emission Rates,
December 2005, NR-012c
AIR PURIFICATION
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
AIR QUALITY
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
AIR TO AIR MISSILES
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
AIR TO AIR REFUELING
Fuel Savings Opportunities From Air Refueling
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
AIR WATER INTERACTIONS
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
AIRCRAFT CONFIGURATIONS
Conceptual Design Tool for Fuel-Cell
Powered Micro Air Vehicles
AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
AIRCRAFT DESIGN
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
AIRCRAFT ENGINES
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
AIRCRAFT SAFETY
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
Test Safety and Efficiency
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
AIRCRAFT
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could
Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
Experiments with Geometric Non-Linear
Coupling for Analytical Validation
AIRFRAMES
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
AIRGLOW
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at
Millimeter Wavelengths
AIRPORTS
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
AIRSPACE
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19,
Number 3, Fall 2005
ALASKA
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
ALCOHOLS
The Role of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) In
Uncontrolled Alcohol Drinking and Relapse Behavior Resulting From Exposure to Stressful Events
ALERTNESS
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
ALGORITHMS
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
An Unsupervised Learning Approach for
Facial Expression Recognition using
Semi-Definite Programming and Generalized Principal Component Analysis
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Data transmission method
system and
Development and Demonstration of a
Field-Deployable fast Chromotomographic Imager
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Global Optimization via SPSA
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Learning Latent Variable and Predictive
Models of Dynamical Systems
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
NOT(Faster Implementation == Better Algorithm), A Case Study
A-3
Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Hyperspectral Very Shallow Water
(VSW) Products
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
University of Padua at TREC 2009: Relevance Feedback Track
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
ALKALIES
Calculation of Collisional Cross Sections for the 2P3/2 - 2P1/2 Transition in Alkali-
Noble Gas Systems
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
ALKALINITY
Calculation of Collisional Cross Sections for the 2P3/2 - 2P1/2 Transition in Alkali-
Noble Gas Systems
ALLOYS
Optical and Electrical Characterization of
Bulk Grown Indium-Gallium-Arsenide Alloys
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
ALTERNATING CURRENT
Test Rack Development for Extended
Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
ALTIMETERS
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of
Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
ALTITUDE
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
ALUMINUM ALLOYS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
ALUMINUM NITRIDES
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
Effects on
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
ALUMINUM
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
AMAZON REGION (SOUTH AMERICA)
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
AMBIENCE
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
AMINES
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
AMINO ACIDS
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
Harsh Environments
AMMONIA
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
AMMUNITION
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2
Ammunition
AMORPHOUS MATERIALS
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
AMOUNT
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
AMPLITUDE MODULATION
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
AMPLITUDES
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
ANALOG DATA
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
ANALOGS
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
ANATOMY
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 5: Construction of the Human Head Model
ANGLE OF ATTACK
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
ANGULAR RESOLUTION
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
ANISOTROPY
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
ANNIHILATION REACTIONS
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
ANOMALIES
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
Modeling Travel-Time Correlations
Based on Sensitivity Kernels and Correlated Velocity Anomalies
ANTARCTIC REGIONS
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
ANTENNA ARRAYS
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
ANTENNA COMPONENTS
Structural Response of the Slotted
Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure
Components Under Compression
ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERNS
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion
Sources
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
ANTIBIOTICS
Clinical Treatment of Nondysentery Travelers’ Diarrhea During Deployment
ANTIBODIES
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for
Recurrence of Androgen-Independent
Prostate Cancer
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
A-4
Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer
ANTIFRICTION BEARINGS
Two-axis joint method
assembly and
ANTIMISSILE DEFENSE
Environmental Assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
Cooperative-Engagement-
Capability/PATRIOT (CEC/PATRIOT) Interoperability Test
ANXIETY
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
APERTURES
Development of High-Fill-Factor Large-
Aperture Micromirrors for Agile Optical
Phased Arrays
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
APOLLO PROJECT
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
APOPTOSIS
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
Upregulating Apoptotic Signaling in Neurofibromatosis
APPENDAGES
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUT-
ERS)
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Message Bus Architectures - Simplicity in the Right Places
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
APPROACH
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
APPROPRIATIONS
The National Nanotechnology Initiative:
Overview, Reauthorization, and Appropriations Issues
APPROXIMATION
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Data transmission method
system and
Global Optimization via SPSA
AQUA SPACECRAFT
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
ARC GENERATORS
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS)
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
Conversational Interfaces: A Domain-
Independent Architecture for Task-
Oriented Dialogues
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
ARCTIC REGIONS
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
ARES 1 LAUNCH VEHICLE
Ares 1-X Roll Control System Development
ARES 5 CARGO LAUNCH VEHICLE
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
ARGON
Effects of Prior Aging at 260 deg C in
Argon on Inelastic Deformation Behavior of PMR-15 Polymer at 260 deg C: Experiment and Modeling
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
ARMED FORCES (UNITED STATES)
Development of a PTSD Population Registry
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Telerehabilitation for OIF/OEF Returnees with Combat-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
ARMED FORCES
Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative
Medicine
ARMOR
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
A Native Intelligence Metric for Artificial
Systems
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
Agents Technology Research
Coalition Formation Under Uncertainty
Developing an Effective and Efficient
Real Time Strategy Agent for Use as a
Computer Generated Force
Effective Bayesian Transfer Learning
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network
Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision
Making for an Abstract Game
Hierarchical Architecture for Coordinating Ground Vehicles in Unstructured Environments
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
NOT(Faster Implementation == Better Algorithm), A Case Study
Refactored Characteristics of Intelligent
Computing Systems
Structured Approach to the Intelligent
System Design
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES
Development of Measures to Assess
Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of
Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
Preliminary Electrical Designs for CTEX and AFIT Satellite Ground Station
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
ASCENT
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
A-5
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
ASIA
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering
Parameters in Northern Eurasia
Seismic Characterization of Northeast
Asia
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY
Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
ASTEROIDS
Mission Analysis for Multiple Rendezvous of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Earth
Gravity Assist
ASTRONOMICAL INTERFEROMETRY
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
ASTROPHYSICS
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
ASYMMETRY
Asymmetric Attention: Visualizing the
Uncertain Threat
ATLANTIC OCEAN
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
Passive Ranging Using Infra-Red Atmospheric Attenuation
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information August 2009
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information July 2009
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Modeling Activities in the Department of
Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
ATMOSPHERIC DENSITY
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
ATMOSPHERIC MODELS
A Scalable Spectral Element Eulerian
Atmospheric Model (SEE-AM) for NWP:
Dynamical Core Tests
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the cesses
Precipitation Pro-
ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Modeling Activities in the Department of
Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information August 2009
ATMOSPHERIC SCATTERING
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
ATMOSPHERICS
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at
Millimeter Wavelengths
ATOM OPTICS
Coherent Atom Optics with Optical Potentials: A Summary of New Phenomena with Bose-Einstein Condensates at the
University of Arizona
ATOMIC CLOCKS
Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standards for GPS Block IIR
The Rubidium Atomic Clock and Basic
Research
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
ATOMIC PHYSICS
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming
Ability and Stability of Ternary and some
Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
ATOMIZING
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
ATOMS
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming
Ability and Stability of Ternary and some
Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
A-6
ATTENUATION
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering
Parameters in Northern Eurasia
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
ATTITUDE CONTROL
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
ATTITUDE (INCLINATION)
Analysis of Slewing and Attitude Determination Requirements for CTEx
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
AUDITORY PERCEPTION
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
AUGMENTATION
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing
System
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
New Meta and Nanomaterials for Photorefractive Enhancement and Photorefractive Two-Beam Coupling
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
AURA SPACECRAFT
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
AUTOMATIC CONTROL
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
AUTOMOBILES
Final Environmental Impact Statement:
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks,
Model Years 2012-2016
AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION
Hierarchical Architecture for Coordinating Ground Vehicles in Unstructured Environments
AUTONOMY
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Army Robotics Technology: Evolution of
Autonomy
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for
Autonomous Mobile Robots
Increased Underwater Optical Imaging
Performance via Multiple Autonomous
Underwater Vehicles
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
AUXILIARY POWER SOURCES
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
AVIONICS
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
AXIAL COMPRESSION LOADS
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
AXIAL FLOW
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
AZIMUTH
Comments on the Slip Factor and the
Relation Delta Phi equal Negative H
Delta Theta
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
B STARS
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
BACKSCATTERING
Backscattering and Polarization Properties of Marine Particles -- Instrument Development and Field Work
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
BACKUPS
Reputation-Based Trust for a Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection
Scheme for Power Networks
BALLISTIC MISSILES
Environmental Assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
Cooperative-Engagement-
Capability/PATRIOT (CEC/PATRIOT) Interoperability Test
BALTIC SEA
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
BALTIC SHIELD (EUROPE)
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
BANDPASS FILTERS
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
BANDWIDTH
Bandwidth-Efficient Multicast Routing for
Multihop, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks
BATHYMETERS
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
Ocean
BAYES THEOREM
Effective Bayesian Transfer Learning
Exemplar Models as a Mechanism for
Performing Bayesian Inference
BEAM CURRENTS
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
BEAMFORMING
Effects of Channel Mismatches on
Beamforming and Signal Detection
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
BED REST
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
BELIZE
The Collins Center Update. Volume 8,
Issue 3, April-June 2006
BENDING FATIGUE
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
A-7
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
BENDING
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
BETA PARTICLES
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
BIAS
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
Effects on
BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
BINARY DATA
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command
Exchange Tutorial
BINARY STARS
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Hot Binaries: Observational Results
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
BINDERS (MATERIALS)
Campaign 2 Level 2 Milestone Review
2009: Milestone Number 3132 Determine Sustainable TATB Source and Processing Options, and Potential Binder
Options
BIOACOUSTICS
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
BIOASTRONAUTICS
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
BIOCHEMISTRY
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
Harsh Environments
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
BIODYNAMICS
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin
Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical Models
BIOINSTRUMENTATION
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
BIOMARKERS
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
BIOMETRICS
DoD Biometric Conformity Assessment
Initiative
DoD’s Collaborative Approach to Developing Biometrics Standards
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
BIOREACTORS
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
BIRTH
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by
Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early
First Birth
BLACK HOLES (ASTRONOMY)
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
When Black Holes Collide
BLADE TIPS
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
BLAST LOADS
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
BLAZARS
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients Near the Galactic
Plane
BLOOD CELLS
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
BLOOD PLASMA
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
BLOOD
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
BLUE STARS
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
BLURRING
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary Blurring Techniques
BODY TEMPERATURE
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
BOILERS
NOx Control for Utility Boiler OTR Compliance
BOLOMETERS
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at
Millimeter Wavelengths
BOLTZMANN TRANSPORT EQUATION
Improving Low Order, Linear, Positive
Spatial Quadratures for the Partial Current Neutron Transport Method
BOMBER AIRCRAFT
A General Airman: Millard Harmon and the South Pacific in World War II
A-8
Simulation Analysis of High Velocity
Maintenance for the B-1B
BONES
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES
Coherent Atom Optics with Optical Potentials: A Summary of New Phenomena with Bose-Einstein Condensates at the
University of Arizona
BOUNDARIES
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary Blurring Techniques
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
BOUNDARY LAYER SEPARATION
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
BOUNDARY LAYERS
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
BRAIN DAMAGE
Telerehabilitation for OIF/OEF Returnees with Combat-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
BRAIN
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
Semiotic Fundamentals of Information
Processing in Human Brain
BRAZIL
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
BREAST
Accurate 3D Modeling of Breast Deformation for Temporal Mammogram Registration
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by
Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early
First Birth
Correlative Feature Analysis for Multimodality Breast CAD
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of
Breast
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
Expression of Endogenous Suppressors of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary
Epithelial Cell Survival
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src Targeted
Therapy
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast
Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials
Impact of Institutional - and Individual
-Level Discrimination on Medical Care &
Quality of Life among Breast Cancer
Survivors
Killing Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Apoptosome
Midbody Accumulation in Breast Cancer
Cells
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Recruitment & Regulation of N-Wasp by
F-Bar Family Member CIP4 in Invasive
Breast Cancer Cells
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Role of BRCA2 in the Expressions of
IRF9-regulated Genes in Human Breast
Cells
Targeting siRNA Missiles to Her2+
Breast Cancer
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
The Importance of Autophagy in Breast
Cancer Development and Treatment
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions
Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
The SDF1-CXCR4 Axis Functions through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism(s)
Underlying ER+/PR- Breast Tumorigenesis Using a Novel Genetically Engineered Mouse Model
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
BROADBAND
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
A-9
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Photonic Synthesis and Processing of
Ultrabroadband Radio-Frequency Waveforms
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
The Effects of Spatial Diversity and Imperfect Channel Estimation on Wideband
MC-DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA
BROADCASTING
Data transmission method
system and
BROMIDES
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn-1 and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
BROWNIAN MOVEMENTS
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
BUBBLES
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
BUCKLING
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
BUDGETING
Inpatient Behavioral Health Recapture A
Busiess Case Analysis at Evans Army
Community Hospital Fort Carson, Colorado
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
Rapid Prototyping: Leapfrogging into
Military Utility
BUILDINGS
Federal Building and Facility Security
BYPASSES
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
CABLES (ROPES)
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
CALCIFEROL
Determination of Optimum Vitamin D Nutrition in Young Women
CALCIUM OXIDES
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
CALCIUM
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
CALCULATORS
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
CALCULI
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
CALIBRATING
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
A Unified Approach to Joint
Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and
Event Location with a 3D Earth
Model
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Dynamic Features and Identification of
Regional Seismic Signals From Dead
Sea Calibration Shots
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
CALIFORNIUM
Removal of the Californium Sources from the 222-S Laboratory
CALORIMETERS
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
CAMERAS
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at
Millimeter Wavelengths
CAMOUFLAGE
Active Camouflage of Underwater Assets
(ACUA)
CANCER
Accurate 3D Modeling of Breast Deformation for Temporal Mammogram Registration
Calpain-Dependent Proteolysis of the
Androgen Receptor
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by
Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early
First Birth
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Correlative Feature Analysis for Multimodality Breast CAD
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-
Associated Ovarian Cancer
Critical Roles of CD151-alpha6beta1 and
CD151-alpha6beta4 Integrin Complexes in Human Ovarian Cancer
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for
Recurrence of Androgen-Independent
Prostate Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of
Breast
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
DRF as a Cholesterol Dependent Regulator of Src in Prostate Cancer
Elucidating the Role of Translocator Protein in Prostate Cancer
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Exploration of the Use of Epigenetic
Therapy to Enhance the Effectiveness of
Taxol Treatment
Expression of Endogenous Suppressors of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
A-10
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary
Epithelial Cell Survival
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src Targeted
Therapy
Identification of Molecular Receptors for
Therapeutic Targeting in Prostate Cancer
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast
Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials
Impact of Institutional - and Individual
-Level Discrimination on Medical Care &
Quality of Life among Breast Cancer
Survivors
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
Integration of Diagnostic and Interventional MRI for the Study of Persistent
Prostate Cancer after External Beam Radiotherapy
Killing Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Apoptosome
LL-37 Recruits Immunosuppressive
Regulatory T Cells to Ovarian Tumors
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine
Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell
Death in Prostate Cancer
Midbody Accumulation in Breast Cancer
Cells
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
Mumps Parotitis and Ovarian Cancer:
Modern Significance of an Historic Association
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to
Protein Kinase C
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising
PSA and Their Spouses: Treatment Decision Making and Quality of Life
Recruitment & Regulation of N-Wasp by
F-Bar Family Member CIP4 in Invasive
Breast Cancer Cells
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
Role of BRCA2 in the Expressions of
IRF9-regulated Genes in Human Breast
Cells
Role of PELP1 in EGFR-ER Signaling
Crosstalk in Ovarian Cancer
Cells
Structure and Function of the Splice Variants of TMPRSS2-ERG, a Prevalent Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer
Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Targeting siRNA Missiles to Her2+
Breast Cancer
Telomere Length as a Predictor of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
The Importance of Autophagy in Breast
Cancer Development and Treatment
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions
Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
The SDF1-CXCR4 Axis Functions through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism(s)
Underlying ER+/PR- Breast Tumorigenesis Using a Novel Genetically Engineered Mouse Model
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
CAPACITANCE
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
CAPACITORS
Multifunctional Electrode Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Capacitors
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
CAPTURE EFFECT
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
CARBIDES
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
CARBON CYCLE
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
CARBON DIOXIDE
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere Revitalization Technology
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
World Energy Use and Carbon Dioxide
Emissions, 1980-2001
CARBON FIBER REINFORCED PLAS-
TICS
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
A-11
CARBON FIBERS
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
CARBON NANOTUBES
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
CARBON
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
The Carbon New Age
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
CARBORANE
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment
Strategies for Obesity-Associated Coronary Artery Disease, an Imminent Military
Epidemic
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
CARGO
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Austere Recovery of Cargo Gliders
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
CARTESIAN COORDINATES
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
CASPIAN SEA
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
CASUALTIES
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
The Threat Related Attrition (THREAT)
System Casualty Estimation Facility
Model
CATALOGS (PUBLICATIONS)
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site
Waste Sources
CATALYSTS
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
Catalysts from Solutions to Supports
(LDRD 104111)
Ultrasound-assisted Micro-emulsion
Synthesis of a Highly Active Nanoparticle Catalyst
CATHODES
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
CATHODIC COATINGS
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn-1 and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
CAUCASUS MOUNTAINS (U.S.S.R.)
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
CAVITIES
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
CELESTIAL BODIES
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
CELLS (BIOLOGY)
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
CENTER OF MASS
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
CEPSTRAL ANALYSIS
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
CERAMIC FIBERS
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
CERAMICS
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
CERTIFICATION
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
CESIUM COMPOUNDS
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn-1 and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
A-12
CESIUM IODIDES
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
CESIUM
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
CHAD
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
CHANNELS (DATA TRANSMISSION)
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
CHAOS
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
CHARACTER RECOGNITION
Performance and Power Optimization for
Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-
Submicron Very Large Scale Integration
(VLSI) Technology
CHARACTERIZATION
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
CHARGE COUPLED DEVICES
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic
Materials
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
CHARGED PARTICLES
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIONS
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
CHEMICAL PROPULSION
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
A Density Functional That Accounts for
Medium-Range Correlation Energies in
Organic Chemistry (PREPRINT)
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic
Materials
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
CHEMOTHERAPY
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
CHESAPEAKE BAY (US)
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
CHILDREN
Children’s Hospice
Deployment Effects on Children and
Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a
Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military
Families
Running Head: Texas State Children’s
Health Insurance Program. Proposed
Solutions for the Continuance of the
Texas State Children’s Health Insurance
Program
CHINA
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Operation Allied Force: The View from
Beijing
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
CHIPS
A Design Methodology for Optoelectronic
VLSI
CHIRALITY
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
CHLOROFORM
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
CHOLESTEROL
DRF as a Cholesterol Dependent Regulator of Src in Prostate Cancer
CHROMATOGRAPHY
Analysis of Slewing and Attitude Determination Requirements for CTEx
Design Analysis of a Space Based Chromotomographic Hyperspectral Imaging
Experiment
Preliminary Electrical Designs for CTEX and AFIT Satellite Ground Station
CHROMOPHORES
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing
Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
Synthesis of Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics Applications
CHROMOSOMES
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
CIRCUITS
Static and Dynamic Component Obfuscation on Reconfigurable Devices
CIRCULAR CYLINDERS
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
A-13
CITIES
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
CLADDING
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
CLASSIFICATIONS
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
CLAYS
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
CLEARANCES
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
CLIMATE CHANGE
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Climate Change: Observations on Options for Selling Emissions Allowances in a Cap-and-Trade Program
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
CLIMATE MODELS
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Modeling Activities in the Department of
Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the cesses
Precipitation Pro-
CLIMATE
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
Climate Change: Observations on Options for Selling Emissions Allowances in a Cap-and-Trade Program
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
CLIMATOLOGY
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
CLINICAL MEDICINE
Army Medical Action Plan’s Impact on
Access to Healthcare for TRICARE Beneficiaries
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
Development of Clinic Specific Physical
Therapy Efficiency Targets Based on
Clinic Specific Metrics
Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis
Running Head: Evaluation of Contract
Versus VA-Staffed CBOCs. Evaluating
Contract versus VA-Staffed Community
Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) Using
Patient Satisfaction and Access Measures in the Veterans Health Administration
CLOCKS
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
System and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs
The Effects of Data Processing and Environmental Conditions on the Accuracy of the USNO Timescale
CLOTHING
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE
Act
CLOUD COVER
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
CLOUD PHYSICS
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the Precipitation Processes
CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY)
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the cesses
Precipitation Pro-
CLUSTER ANALYSIS
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
CMOS
A Design Methodology for Optoelectronic
VLSI
COAL
NOx Control for Utility Boiler OTR Compliance
COASTAL WATER
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
Sensing of Coastal Waters
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in
Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders
During RIMPAC
COASTS
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of
Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health
Program
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Hyperspectral Imager for Coastal Ocean
(HICO)
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
Ocean
Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing
Network (ICON) Renewal
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing
Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
A-14
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
The Physical Context for Thin Layers in the Coastal Ocean
COATINGS
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
COATING
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
COCKPITS
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS
The Effects of Spatial Diversity and Imperfect Channel Estimation on Wideband
MC-DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA
CODING
Data transmission method
system and
COGNITION
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling
Techniques
Collaborative Critical Thinking
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment
Exemplar Models as a Mechanism for
Performing Bayesian Inference
Impact of Institutional - and Individual
-Level Discrimination on Medical Care &
Quality of Life among Breast Cancer
Survivors
Measuring tion
Collaborative Cogni-
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative
Transfer of Situational Understanding
The Right Tool for the Job: Information-
Processing Analysis in Categorization
COHERENT RADAR
An Automatic Measurement System for
RF Pulse Stability Parameters
COLD CATHODE TUBES
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
COLD CATHODES
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
COLLAPSE
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
COLLIMATORS
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
COLLISIONS
Calculation of Collisional Cross Sections for the 2P3/2 - 2P1/2 Transition in Alkali-
Noble Gas Systems
When Black Holes Collide
COLLOIDS
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
COLOR TELEVISION
Single sensor processing to obtain high resolution color component signals
COLORIMETRY
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
COLOR
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
COMBAT
An Exploration of the Effects of Maintenance Manning on Combat Mission
Readiness (CMR) Utilizing Agent Based
Modeling
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Development of a PTSD Population Registry
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Telerehabilitation for OIF/OEF Returnees with Combat-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
The Future Antiarmor Capabilities of the
Ground Combat Element
COMBINATORIAL ANALYSIS
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
COMBUSTION
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
COMET NUCLEI
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI
Mission
COMETS
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
Mission Analysis for Multiple Rendezvous of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Earth
Gravity Assist
COMFORT
Human Factors Reach Comfort Determination Using Fuzzy Logic
A-15
COMMAND AND CONTROL
AFOSR Programs in Higher Levels of
Information Fusion
Cnth\nthXYZ, TACS, and Air Battle Management: The Search for Operational
Doctrine
Collaboration and Coalition Architectures
Global and Theater Operations Integration
Human-agent Collaboration Ontology
(HACON) (trademark): Implications for
Designing Naturalistic C2 Decision Systems
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
Standardization and Implementation of a
Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical Command
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
The Future Antiarmor Capabilities of the
Ground Combat Element
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
COMMERCE
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the
Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health
System
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of
Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health
Program
Inpatient Behavioral Health Recapture A
Busiess Case Analysis at Evans Army
Community Hospital Fort Carson, Colorado
Inpatient Mental Health Recaptre using
Dod/VA Sharing
COMMERCIAL OFF-THE-SHELF PROD-
UCTS
Rapid Prototyping: Leapfrogging into
Military Utility
COMMUNICATION CABLES
Outboard Optical Cable Sensor System and Method
COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing
Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Bandwidth-Efficient Multicast Routing for
Multihop, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks
Cyberterrorism: The Silent Threat
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Measuring and Ensuring Performance and Information Quality in Multi-Agent
Sensor Network Systems
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
Seaweb Network for FRONT Oceanographic Sensors
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Spatial Multiplexing in Random Wireless
Networks
The American Revolution in Military Affairs
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
Future Directions in Space IT
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
COMMUNICATION
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an
Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August
2006)
COMPATIBILITY
Campaign 2 Level 2 Milestone Review
2009: Milestone Number 3132 Determine Sustainable TATB Source and Processing Options, and Potential Binder
Options
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
COMPLEX SYSTEMS
Evaluating the Software Design of a
Complex System of Systems
Measuring the Impact of Information on
Complex Systems
Refactored Characteristics of Intelligent
Computing Systems
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Accelerated Insertion of Materials - Composites
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer Composites
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
COMPOSITE WRAPPING
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
COMPRESSED GAS
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere Revitalization Technology
COMPRESSION LOADS
Combined Load Test Fixture
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNET-
ICS
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Casbar User’s Guide
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the VHTR Lower Plenum Standard Problem
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion
Sources
A-16
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
COMPUTATIONAL GRIDS
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
Correlative Feature Analysis for Multimodality Breast CAD
COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION
Enhancing Simulation-Based Training
Adversary Tactics Via Evolution (ES-
TATE)
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
COMPUTER INFORMATION SECURITY
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
COMPUTER NETWORKS
Advanced Cyber Attack Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization
Cyberspace Operations Concept Capability Plan 2016-2028
Cyberterrorism: The Silent Threat
Development of Measures to Assess
Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing
Network (ICON) Renewal
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
A Language Use Perspective on the Design of Human-Computer Interaction
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary niques
Blurring Tech-
Evaluating the Software Design of a
Complex System of Systems
Measurement and Analysis Infrastructure
Diagnostic (MAID) Evaluation Criteria,
Version 1.0
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command
Exchange Tutorial
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
A Computational Cluster for Advanced
Plasma Physics Simulations
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Casbar User’s Guide
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
REBUS-MCNP Linkage
Robust, Extensible Representation of
Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
The Threat Related Attrition (THREAT)
System Casualty Estimation Facility
Model
Validation of a Novel Approach to Solving
Multibody Systems Using Hamilton’s
Weak Principle
Visualizing War Visual Technologies and
Military Campaign Planning
COMPUTER SECURITY
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES
Flash drive memory apparatus and method
Memory Reconsolidation and Computational Learning
NEPP Non-Volatile Memory FY09 Summary Report
COMPUTER SYSTEMS DESIGN
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
Scalable Storage and Services
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
COMPUTER SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS
Message Bus Architectures - Simplicity in the Right Places
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command
Exchange Tutorial
COMPUTER TECHNIQUES
Context based configuration management system
CYBERSECURITY: Continued Efforts
Are Needed to Protect Information Systems From Evolving Threats
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRAT-
EGY: Key Improvements Are Needed to
Strengthen the Nation’s Posture
COMPUTER VIRUSES
Developing a Qualia-Based Multi-Agent
Architecture for Use in Malware Detection
COMPUTER VISION
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
An Exploration of the Effects of Maintenance Manning on Combat Mission
Readiness (CMR) Utilizing Agent Based
Modeling
Casbar User’s Guide
Computer-Generated Forces at the
Warfighter Training Research Division
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in
Systems
Empirical Modeling of Nanoscale Dynamics using Solution Mapping
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
A-17
COMPUTERS
Networking and Information Technology
Research and Development Program.
Supplement to the President’s Budget for
Fiscal Year 2011
Refactored Characteristics of Intelligent
Computing Systems
Static and Dynamic Component Obfuscation on Reconfigurable Devices
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
CONCRETES
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
Fire Resistance of Geopolymer Concretes
CONFERENCES
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT
Context based configuration management system
CONFINEMENT
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS
Department of Defense Report to Congress on Synthetic Fuel Utilization
Report to Congress on Energy Security
Initiatives
Report to Congress on the Benefits of the
President’s E-Government Initiatives.
Fiscal Year 2008
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
CONJUGATES
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
CONNECTORS
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
CONSTANTS
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
CONSTELLATION PROGRAM
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
CONSTELLATIONS
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
CONSTRUCTION
Aviation Base Building Kirkuk, Iraq
Development of Measures to Assess
Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 5: Construction of the Human Head Model
CONTAMINANTS
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site
Waste Sources
CONTAMINATION
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Thrust and Performance Study of Micro
Pulsed Plasma Thrusters
CONTINUUM MECHANICS
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
CONTINUUMS
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
CONTRACTORS
NASA’s Participation in Joint SatOPS
Compatibility Efforts 2009-2010
CONTROL STICKS
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
CONTROL VALVES
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
CONTROLLABILITY
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities
Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
CONTROLLERS
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Flash drive memory apparatus and method
CONVERGENCE
Cyberspace Operations Concept Capability Plan 2016-2028
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode
Probe
Hybrid Nanoparticle
Global Optimization via SPSA
COOLERS
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
COOLING
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
COORDINATES
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
COORDINATION
Enabling Coordination During Security,
Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
COPOLYMERS
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
COPPER ALLOYS
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
COPPER
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for
High Cycle Fatigue
A-18
COPYRIGHTS
The Limits of Fair Use in Military Scholarship: When, How, and From Whom to
Request Permission to Use Copyrighted
Works
CORNEA
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
CORONAL HOLES
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
CORONAL MASS EJECTION
Dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections
(CMEs)
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment
Strategies for Obesity-Associated Coronary Artery Disease, an Imminent Military
Epidemic
CORRELATION DETECTION
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
CORRELATION
Modeling Travel-Time Correlations
Based on Sensitivity Kernels and Correlated Velocity Anomalies
System and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs
CORROSION PREVENTION
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
CORROSION RESISTANCE
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
CORROSION
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
Addendum to Engineering Evaluation of the Proposed Alternative Salt Transfer
Method for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
COSMIC BACKGROUND EXPLORER
SATELLITE
Testing Cosmic Inflation
COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND
RADIATION
Testing Cosmic Inflation
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter
(ASP)
COSMIC RAYS
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
COSMOLOGY
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
COST ANALYSIS
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
COST EFFECTIVENESS
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
COST REDUCTION
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
COSTS
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of
Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health
Program
Case Study: The Venous Thromboembolism Collaborative Team at the Johns
Hopkins Hospital
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could
Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Joint Strike Fighter: Significant Challenges and Decisions Ahead
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Randomized Routing as a Regularized
Solution to the Route Cost Minimization
Problem
COULOMB COLLISIONS
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
COUNTERMEASURES
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
COUPLINGS
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
CRACK INITIATION
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
CRACK PROPAGATION
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
CRACK TIPS
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
CRACKING (FRACTURING)
Development of a Novel Technique to
Assess the Vulnerability of Micro-
Mechnical System Components to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
CRACKS
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
CRASHWORTHINESS
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
A-19
CRATERS
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
CREEP PROPERTIES
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
CREEP STRENGTH
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
CREW EXPLORATION VEHICLE
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
CREW WORKSTATIONS
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
CRIME
The Collins Center Update. Volume 8,
Issue 3, April-June 2006
CRITERIA
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
CROSS CORRELATION
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
CROSSINGS
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
CROSSLINKING
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
CROSSTALK
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Role of PELP1 in EGFR-ER Signaling
Crosstalk in Ovarian Cancer
Cells
CRUDE OIL
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
Iran Sanctions
CRUSTS
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
CRYOGENIC COOLING
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
CRYOGENICS
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
CRYPTOGRAPHY
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
CRYSTAL GROWTH
Optical and Electrical Characterization of
Bulk Grown Indium-Gallium-Arsenide Alloys
CRYSTAL RECTIFIERS
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
CRYSTALS
AFM-Patterned 2-D Thin-Film Photonic
Crystal Analyzed by Complete Angle
Scatter
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
CUES
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
CURRENT DENSITY
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
CURRENT SHEETS
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
CYBERNETICS
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
CYCLIC LOADS
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
CYCLOTRON RESONANCE
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
CYLINDRICAL CHAMBERS
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
CYLINDRICAL SHELLS
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric,
Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded,
Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
CYTOLOGY
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
D REGION
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
DAMAGE
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
A-20
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
DARKNESS
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
DATA ACQUISITION
Codifying Information Assurance Controls for Department of Defense (DoD)
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
(SCADA) Systems
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
DATA BASES
Development of a PTSD Population Registry
Uncertainty Modeling for Database Design using Intuitionistic and Rough Set
Theory
DATA MANAGEMENT
Data Transparency: Empowering Decisionmakers
Measurement and Analysis Infrastructure
Diagnostic (MAID) Evaluation Criteria,
Version 1.0
DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
Flash drive memory apparatus and method
DATA PROCESSING
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing
System
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
Semiotic Fundamentals of Information
Processing in Human Brain
The Effects of Data Processing and Environmental Conditions on the Accuracy of the USNO Timescale
The Right Tool for the Job: Information-
Processing Analysis in Categorization
DATA PRODUCTS
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
DATA REDUCTION
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
DATA SIMULATION
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site
Waste Sources
DATA SYSTEMS
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
DATA TRANSMISSION
Advanced Cyber Attack Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization
Data transmission method
system and
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
DEATH
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine
Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell
Death in Prostate Cancer
DEBRIS
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
DECISION MAKING
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-
Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
C3I Information Systems
Data Transparency: Empowering Decisionmakers
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment (DCODE)
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network
Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision
Making for an Abstract Game
Food and Drug Administration: Opportunities Exist to Better Address Management Challenges
Human-agent Collaboration Ontology
(HACON) (trademark): Implications for
Designing Naturalistic C2 Decision Systems
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising
PSA and Their Spouses: Treatment Decision Making and Quality of Life
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Collaboration and Coalition Architectures
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in
Systems
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and Control
DECISION THEORY
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
DECOMPOSITION
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
DECOYS
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
DEEP SPACE NETWORK
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
DEFECTS
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
DEFENSE PROGRAM
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
Codifying Information Assurance Controls for Department of Defense (DoD)
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
(SCADA) Systems
A-21
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Department of Defense Report to Congress on Synthetic Fuel Utilization
DoD Biometric Conformity Assessment
Initiative
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Inspection Report on ‘Internal Controls over Accountable Classified Removable
Electronic Media at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory’
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
DEFORMABLE MIRRORS
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
DEFORMATION
Accurate 3D Modeling of Breast Deformation for Temporal Mammogram Registration
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
Effects of Prior Aging at 260 deg C in
Argon on Inelastic Deformation Behavior of PMR-15 Polymer at 260 deg C: Experiment and Modeling
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid
Polymers
DEGRADATION
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
DELAMINATING
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
DENSITY MEASUREMENT
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
DEPENDENCE
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
DEPLETION
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-
Associated Ovarian Cancer
DEPLOYMENT
A Comparison of Dependent Primary
Care Utilization Rates Based on Deployments
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying
Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Clinical Treatment of Nondysentery Travelers’ Diarrhea ment
During Deploy-
Deployment Effects on Children and
Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a
Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military
Families
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for
Autonomous Mobile Robots
NASA’s Participation in Joint SatOPS
Compatibility Efforts 2009-2010
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
DEPOSITION
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
DEPOSITS
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
DEPRIVATION
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine
Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell
Death in Prostate Cancer
DEPTH
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Mental Rotation, Pictured Rotation, and
Tandem Rotation in Depth
DERMATITIS
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
DESERTS
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
DESIGN ANALYSIS
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities
Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
Design Analysis of a Space Based Chromotomographic Hyperspectral Imaging
Experiment
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for
High Cycle Fatigue
DESORPTION
Stimulated Electron Desorption Studies from Microwave Vacuum Electronics /
High Power Microwave Materials
DETACHMENT
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
DETECTION
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation
Detection System
Asymmetric Attention: Visualizing the
Uncertain Threat
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
A-22
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
Developing a Qualia-Based Multi-Agent
Architecture for Use in Malware Detection
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode Hybrid Nanoparticle
Probe
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface
Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
Optimizing a System of Threshold-based
Sensors with Application to Biosurveillance
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Three-Axis Seismometer
Tsunami Detection System
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
DETECTORS
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying
Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Current Flow Through Two Dimensional
Arrays of Metal Nanoparticles as a Novel
Sensor Platform
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
Measuring and Ensuring Performance and Information Quality in Multi-Agent
Sensor Network Systems
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
Progress on Component Evaluation for
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Seaweb Network for FRONT Oceanographic Sensors
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
DETONATION
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
Three-Axis Seismometer
DEVELOPING NATIONS
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
DIAGNOSIS
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
DIAMONDS
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
DIELECTRICS
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
DIES
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
DIETS
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIERS
Cross-differential amplifier
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
DIFFRACTION
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
DIFFRACTIVE OPTICS
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
DIFFUSION LENGTH
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
DIFFUSION
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
DIGITAL DATA
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
A-23
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
DIGITAL SYSTEMS
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENT
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
DIMERS
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
DIODES
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
DIOXIDES
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
DIRECTION FINDING
Human Ears Inspired Passive Microwave
Direction Finding
DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS
Multi-Element Patch Antenna and
Method
DIRECTIVITY
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
DISABILITIES
Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation gram
and Employment Pro-
DISASTERS
Enabling Coordination During Security,
Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as
Federal Coordinating Center, National
Disaster Medical System: An Analysis of
Activation Preparedness
Preparedness
Event
for a CBRNE
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an
Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August
2006)
DISCONNECT DEVICES
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS (STATISTICS)
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
DISEASES
Optimizing a System of Threshold-based
Sensors with Application to Biosurveillance
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range tion
Biothreat Agents Detec-
DISILICIDES
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
DISORDERS
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
DISPLACEMENT
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
DISPLAY DEVICES
New Meta and Nanomaterials for Photorefractive Enhancement and Photorefractive Two-Beam Coupling
DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
DISTANCE
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
DISTORTION
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
DISTRIBUTED INTERACTIVE SIMULA-
TION
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
Simulation for Dynamic Situation Awareness and Prediction III
DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
DIVING (UNDERWATER)
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
Test Safety and Efficiency
DOCKING
Laser-Based Method for Docking an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle to a Submarine
DOCUMENT MARKUP LANGUAGES
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command
Exchange Tutorial
DOMAINS
Agents Technology Research
DOMINANCE
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
DOPAMINE
PCBs Alter Dopamine Mediated Function in Aging Workers
DOPED CRYSTALS
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
DOPPLER EFFECT
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
DOSAGE
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
DRINKING
The Role of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) In
Uncontrolled Alcohol Drinking and Relapse Behavior Resulting From Exposure to Stressful Events
DRONE AIRCRAFT
Conceptual Design Tool for Fuel-Cell
Powered Micro Air Vehicles
DRONE VEHICLES
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a
Manduca Sexta Forewing
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Development of Multidisciplinary, Multifidelity Analysis, Integration, and Optimization of Aerospace Vehicles
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
A-24
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV
Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Unmanned Aircraft Systems Taking
Strategy to Task
DROPS (LIQUIDS)
Droplet transport system and methods
DRUGS
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Food and Drug Administration: Opportunities Exist to Better Address Management Challenges
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
DURABILITY
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
DUST
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
DWARF STARS
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
DYES
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
DYNAMIC CONTROL
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
DYNAMIC LOADS
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
DYNAMIC MODELS
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric,
Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded,
Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
DYNAMIC PRESSURE
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
DYNAMIC RANGE
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a
Manduca Sexta Forewing
DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
Learning Latent Variable and Predictive
Models of Dynamical Systems
EAR PROTECTORS
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation
Sounds
to Low-Intensity
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 5: Construction of the Human Head Model
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
EARLY STARS
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS
Optimizing a System of Threshold-based
Sensors with Application to Biosurveillance
EAR
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 5: Construction of the Human Head Model
Human Ears Inspired Passive Microwave
Direction Finding
EARTH ATMOSPHERE
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
EARTH CRUST
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
EARTH IONOSPHERE
Global Ionospheric Processes
EARTH MOVEMENTS
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion
Sources
Strong Motion Studies in the Mines of
Kolar Gold Fields
EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE)
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS)
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
EARTH SCIENCES
Assessment, Planning, and Execution
Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
EARTH SURFACE
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the cesses
Precipitation Pro-
EARTH-MOON SYSTEM
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
EARTHQUAKES
Controls on Earthquake Rupture and
Triggering Mechanisms in Subduction
Zones
Haiti Earthquake: Crisis and Response
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE
Act
EASEP
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
ECONOMIC IMPACT
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE
Act
ECOSYSTEMS
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington
A-25
EDUCATION
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
Harsh Environments
Computer-Generated Forces at the
Warfighter Training Research Division
Deployment Effects on Children and
Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a
Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military
Families
Enhancing Simulation-Based Training
Adversary Tactics Via Evolution (ES-
TATE)
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
Quantum Computing Graduate Research Program: Gradiometer INS-
QUID
The Internship: The Practice Field of
Professional Training
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy
Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Upgrading an Experimental Flume for
Engineering Research Education
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation gram
and Employment Pro-
EFFICIENCY
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could
Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
EL NINO
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
ELASTIC PROPERTIES
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
ELASTIC SHELLS
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric,
Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded,
Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
ELASTOMERS
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
ELECTRIC CURRENT
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
Preliminary Electrical Designs for CTEX and AFIT Satellite Ground Station
ELECTRIC FIELDS
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
ELECTRIC IGNITION
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
ELECTRIC MOTOR VEHICLES
Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
The Carbon New Age
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
Efficient thermoelectric device
Flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system
Investigation of Thermal Management and Metamaterials
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS
Multifunctional Electrode Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Capacitors
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Novel Electro-Analytical Tools for Phase-
Transformation Electrode Materials
ELECTRODE MATERIALS
Novel Electro-Analytical Tools for Phase-
Transformation als
Electrode Materi-
ELECTRODES
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Multifunctional Electrode Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Capacitors
Near-field nano-imager
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
ELECTROLYSIS
Engineering Design Elements of a Two-
Phase Thermosyphon to Trannsfer
NGNP Thermal Energy to a Hydrogen
Plant
ELECTROMAGNETIC ABSORPTION
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES
An Automatic Measurement System for
RF Pulse Stability Parameters
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
A-26
Environmentally Clean Mitigation of Undesirable Plant Life Using Lasers
ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE TRANSMIS-
SION
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
ELECTROMAGNETISM
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
ELECTRON ACCELERATION
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
ELECTRON BEAMS
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
ELECTRON DENSITY (CONCENTRA-
TION)
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
ELECTRON EMISSION
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES
A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process
ELECTRONIC PACKAGING
NEPP Non-Volatile Memory FY09 Summary Report
ELECTRONIC WARFARE
Computer-Generated Forces at the
Warfighter Training Research Division
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Prowler: Best for the Future?
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
USMC Aviation Vision 2025 and the Misdirection of Airborne Electronic Warfare
ELECTRONICS
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
ELECTRONS
Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron
Dropouts: Signatures of Magnetic Connection to the Sun, Disconnection, or
Interchange Reconnection?
Stimulated Electron Desorption Studies from Microwave Vacuum Electronics /
High Power Microwave Materials
ELECTRO-OPTICS
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
A Design Methodology for Optoelectronic
VLSI
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO
Resolution Selection and Information-
Theoretic Sensor Tasking
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
ELEVATION
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
EMBEDDING
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
EMERGENCIES
Key Response Planning Factors for the
Aftermath of Nuclear Terrorism
Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as
Federal Coordinating Center, National
Disaster Medical System: An Analysis of
Activation Preparedness
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
Preparedness
Event
for a CBRNE
Standardization and Implementation of a
Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical Command
EMISSION SPECTRA
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
EMISSION
Scene Change Artifacts in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Temporally Changing Sources
EMITTANCE
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
EMOTIONS
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising
PSA and Their Spouses: Treatment Decision Making and Quality of Life
EMULSIONS
Ultrasound-assisted Micro-emulsion
Synthesis of a Highly Active Nanoparticle Catalyst
ENCOUNTERS
A Comparison of Services Utilized by
Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
ENDOCRINOLOGY
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
END-TO-END DATA SYSTEMS
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
ENERGETIC PARTICLES
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance
Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow
Solar Wind Regions
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
NASA’s STEREO Mission
ENERGY CONSERVATION
Best Practices in the Navy’s Energy Programs Strategic Communication Factors
Operating in the Tactical Forces
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
ENERGY CONVERSION EFFICIENCY
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
Test Rack Development for Extended
Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
ENERGY CONVERSION
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
ENERGY DISSIPATION
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
ENERGY SPECTRA
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
A-27
ENERGY STORAGE
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Multifunctional Electrode Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Capacitors
Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies
ENERGY TRANSFER
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
ENGINE DESIGN
Performance of a Small Internal Combustion Engine Using N-Heptane and
Iso-Octane
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
ENGINE NOISE
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
ENGINE TESTS
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
ENGINEERING
Upgrading an Experimental Flume for
Engineering Research Education
ENHANCED VISION
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
Environmental Control and Life Support
Integration Strategy for 6-Crew Operations
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
Final Environmental Impact Statement:
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks,
Model Years 2012-2016
ENZYMES
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Mumps Parotitis and Ovarian Cancer:
Modern Significance of an Historic Association
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
EPIDERMIS
Telomere Length as a Predictor of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
EPITAXY
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
EPITHELIUM
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
EQUATIONS
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
EQUATORIAL REGIONS
Global Ionospheric Processes
EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
ERBIUM
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
ERROR ANALYSIS
An Empirical Study of Re-sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error
Estimates in Split-plot Designs
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
ERRORS
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
ESTIMATES
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
ESTIMATING
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
ESTROGENS
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
ESTUARIES
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
ETHYLENE
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
ETIOLOGY
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-
Associated Ovarian Cancer
EUROPA
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
EUROPE
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering
Parameters in Northern Eurasia
A-28
EVACUATING (TRANSPORTATION)
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
EVALUATION
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
Addendum to Engineering Evaluation of the Proposed Alternative Salt Transfer
Method for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation
Detection System
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed
T&
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
EVOKED RESPONSE (PSYCHOPHYSIOL-
OGY)
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
EXCIMER LASERS
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
EXHAUST EMISSION
Climate Change: Observations on Options for Selling Emissions Allowances in a Cap-and-Trade Program
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
Nonroad Evaporative Emission Rates,
December 2005, NR-012c
EXHAUST GASES
Climate Change: Observations on Options for Selling Emissions Allowances in a Cap-and-Trade Program
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
EXPERIMENT DESIGN
Advancing the State-of-the-Art in Intelligent Systems: Scientific Rigor in Our
Methods of Experimentation
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
EXPLOITATION
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
EXPLOSIONS
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
EXPLOSIVE DEVICES
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
EXPLOSIVES DETECTION
A Nanosensor for Explosives Detection
Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) and Surfaced-Enhanced
Raman Scattering (SERS)
EXPLOSIVES
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic
Materials
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
EXPOSURE
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
The Role of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) In
Uncontrolled Alcohol Drinking and Relapse Behavior Resulting From Exposure to Stressful Events
EXTRACTION
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
White LED with High Package Extraction
Efficiency
EXTRASOLAR PLANETS
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI
Mission
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
NASA’s STEREO Mission
A-29
EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCIES
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
EYE (ANATOMY)
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
F-16 AIRCRAFT
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
FABRICATION
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
Quantum Computing Graduate Research Program: Gradiometer INS-
QUID
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
FABRICS
Abrasion Testing of Candidate Outer
Layer Fabrics for Lunar EVA Space
Suits
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
FAILURE MODES
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
FAILURE
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
FALSE ALARMS
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
FAST NEUTRONS
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
FAST NUCLEAR REACTORS
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
FATIGUE LIFE
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
FATIGUE (MATERIALS)
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
FAULT DETECTION
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
Survey of Diagnostic Techniques for Dynamic Components
FAULT TOLERANCE
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
Scalable Storage and Services
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
FEAR
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
FEASIBILITY
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
FEDERAL BUDGETS
Networking and Information Technology
Research and Development Program.
Supplement to the President’s Budget for
Fiscal Year 2011
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
FEEDBACK CONTROL
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
FEEDBACK
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
University of Padua at TREC 2009: Relevance Feedback Track
FEMALES
Determination of Optimum Vitamin D Nutrition in Young Women
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
FERROFLUIDS
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
FIBER COMPOSITES
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic
Composite Fatigue
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
FIBER OPTICS
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Outboard Optical Cable Sensor System and Method
FIBROBLASTS
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
FIBROSIS
Interchromosomal Associations that Alter
NF1 Gene Expression Can Modify Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis
1
Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
A-30
FIELD OF VIEW
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
Reprogrammable field programmable gate array with integrated system for mitigating effects of single event upsets
FIGHTER AIRCRAFT
F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress
Filling the Fighter Gap
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Joint Strike Fighter: Significant Challenges and Decisions Ahead
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
FILM COOLING
Design of a Film Cooling Experiment for
Rocket Engines
FILTRATION
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI
Mission
FINANCE
Insurance Claims: A Study in Denials
FINITE DIFFERENCE THEORY
Finite Difference Time Domain Modeling of Infrasound Propagation: Application to
Shadow Zone Arrivals and Regional
Propagation
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN
METHOD
Finite Difference Time Domain Modeling of Infrasound Propagation: Application to
Shadow Zone Arrivals and Regional
Propagation
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
FIRE PREVENTION
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
FIRES
Developing an Overwatching Fires Mission for a Team of Unmanned Ground
Vehicles
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
FIXED WINGS
Conceptual Design Tool for Fuel-Cell
Powered Micro Air Vehicles
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
FIXTURES
Combined Load Test Fixture
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
FLAME PROPAGATION
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
FLAMES
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
FLAMMABILITY
Fire Resistance of Geopolymer Concretes
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
FLAT PLATES
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
FLIGHT CONTROL
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
FLIGHT CREWS
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Environmental Control and Life Support
Integration Strategy for 6-Crew Operations
FLIGHT OPERATIONS
Assessment, Planning, and Execution
Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
FLIGHT PATHS
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
FLIGHT SAFETY
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
Test Safety and Efficiency
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
FLIGHT SIMULATION
Simulation Analysis of High Velocity
Maintenance for the B-1B
FLIGHT SURGEONS
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
FLIGHT TESTS
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
Test Safety and Efficiency
ExFiT Flight Design and Structural Modeling for FalconLAUNCH VIII Sounding
Rocket
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
FLIGHT TRAINING
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy
Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
FLOOD PLAINS
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
FLOOD PREDICTIONS
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
FLOODS
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
A-31
FLOW DISTRIBUTION
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
FLOW NOISE
Method for Reducing Flow Induced Vibration and Noise in Towed Arrays
FLOW VELOCITY
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
FLUID DYNAMICS
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the VHTR Lower Plenum Standard Problem
FLUID FLOW
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
Sideload vanes for fluid pump
FLUTTER ANALYSIS
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
FLUX DENSITY
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
FLUX QUANTIZATION
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
FLYBY MISSIONS
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
FLYING PERSONNEL
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
FOAMS
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
FOIL BEARINGS
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
FORECASTING
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
FORMULATIONS
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
FOURIER TRANSFORMATION
Scene Change Artifacts in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Temporally Changing Sources
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
FRACTIONATION
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
FRACTURE MECHANICS
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
FRACTURE STRENGTH
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
FRACTURES (MATERIALS)
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
FRACTURING
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic
Composite Fatigue
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
FRAGMENTS
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
FREE-SPACE OPTICAL INTERCON-
NECTS
A Design Methodology for Optoelectronic
VLSI
FREQUENCIES
A Brief History of Active Sonar
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
Sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne detector system
FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
Spectrally-Temporally Adapted Spectrally Modulated Spectrally Encoded
(SMSE) Waveform Design for Coexistent
CR-Based SDR Applications
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
FREQUENCY STABILITY
Analysis of Fundamental and Systematic
Effects Limiting Hydrogen Maser Frequency Stability
FREQUENCY STANDARDS
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standards for GPS Block IIR
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
FRESNEL LENSES
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
FRICTION REDUCTION
Two-axis joint method
assembly and
FRICTION STIR WELDING
Gimbaled-shoulder friction stir welding tool
FUEL CELLS
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Conceptual Design Tool for Fuel-Cell
Powered Micro Air Vehicles
FUEL TANKS
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating Launch-Vehicle Fuel
Tank
A-32
FUELS
Performance of a Small Internal Combustion Engine Using N-Heptane and
Iso-Octane
Report to Congress on Energy Security
Initiatives
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities
Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
FUSION-FISSION HYBRID REACTORS
Magnetic Mirror Fusion-Fission Early
History and Applicability to other Systems
FUZZY SYSTEMS
Human Factors Reach Comfort Determination Using Fuzzy Logic
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and Control
GADOLINIUM
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
GALACTIC WINDS
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
GALAXIES
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
GALERKIN METHOD
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin
Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical Models
GALILEO SPACECRAFT
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
GALLIUM NITRIDES
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
Effects on
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
GAME THEORY
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network
Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision
Making for an Abstract Game
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
GAMMA RAY SPECTRA
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
GAMMA RAY TELESCOPES
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients
Plane
Near the Galactic
GAMMA RAYS
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
Exploring Solar Flares with Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients
Plane
Near the Galactic
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
GAS ANALYSIS
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
GAS BEARINGS
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
GAS DETECTORS
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
GAS FLOW
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
GAS TURBINE ENGINES
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
GATES (CIRCUITS)
N channel JFET based digital logic gate structure
GEARS
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
Survey of Diagnostic Techniques for Dynamic Components
GENE EXPRESSION
Interchromosomal Associations that Alter
NF1 Gene Expression Can Modify Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis
1
GENE THERAPY
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
GENES
Interchromosomal Associations that Alter
NF1 Gene Expression Can Modify Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis
1
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Role of BRCA2 in the Expressions of
IRF9-regulated Genes in Human Breast
Cells
Upregulating Apoptotic Signaling in Neurofibromatosis
GENETICS
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
GENITOURINARY SYSTEM
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
GENOME
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of
Breast
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
A-33
Structure and Function of the Splice Variants of TMPRSS2-ERG, a Prevalent Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer
GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
GEOMAGNETISM
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
GEOMETRY
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
GEOPHYSICS
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
GERMANIUM
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
GLASS LASERS
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
GLASS
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming
Ability and Stability of Ternary and some
Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
GLIDERS
Austere Recovery of Cargo Gliders
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in
Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders
During RIMPAC
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standards for GPS Block IIR
GLOBAL WARMING
How America Can Look Within to
Achieve Energy Security and Reduce
Global Warming
GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
GLONASS
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
GOAL THEORY
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
GOALS
Food and Drug Administration: Opportunities Exist to Better Address Management Challenges
GOGGLES
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
GOLD
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Strong Motion Studies in the Mines of
Kolar Gold Fields
GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT
A General Airman: Millard Harmon and the South Pacific in World War II
Inpatient Behavioral Health Recapture A
Busiess Case Analysis at Evans Army
Community Hospital Fort Carson, Colorado
GRADIENTS
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
GRAIN BOUNDARIES
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
Configuration Tool Prototype for the
Trusted
Project
Computing Exemplar
Context based configuration management system
InfraMonitor: A Tool for Regional Infrasound Monitoring
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
GRAPHITE-EPOXY COMPOSITES
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
GRAVITATIONAL WAVES
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
Testing Cosmic Inflation
When Black Holes Collide
GRAVITATION
Mission Analysis for Multiple Rendezvous of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Earth
Gravity Assist
GRAVITY WAVES
When Black Holes Collide
GREASES
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
How America Can Look Within to
Achieve Energy Security and Reduce
Global Warming
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
World Energy Use and Carbon Dioxide
Emissions, 1980-2001
GREEN’S FUNCTIONS
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
A-34
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
GRID GENERATION (MATHEMATICS)
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
GROUND STATIONS
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
Preliminary Electrical Designs for CTEX and AFIT Satellite Ground Station
GROUND TESTS
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI
Mission
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
GROUND TRUTH
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
GROUND WIND
The Origin of Monsoons: The Role of
Continental-Scale Landmass
GROUP DYNAMICS
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment (DCODE)
GROUP VELOCITY
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
GUIDANCE (MOTION)
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
GULFS
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
GYROFREQUENCY
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
H-60 HELICOPTER
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
HABITABILITY
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
HAITI
Haiti Earthquake: Crisis and Response
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE
Act
HALL EFFECT
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
HALL THRUSTERS
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
HAMILTONIAN FUNCTIONS
Validation of a Novel Approach to Solving
Multibody Systems Using Hamilton’s
Weak Principle
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
HAZARDS
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2
Ammunition
HEAD-UP DISPLAYS
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
HEALING
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
HEALTH
A Comparison of Services Utilized by
Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
Army Medical Action Plan’s Impact on
Access to Healthcare for TRICARE Beneficiaries
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health
System
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of
Frame of Choice for Retired Service
Members
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Inpatient Behavioral Health Recapture A
Busiess Case Analysis at Evans Army
Community Hospital Fort Carson, Colorado
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Running Head: Evaluation of Contract
Versus VA-Staffed CBOCs. Evaluating
Contract versus VA-Staffed Community
Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) Using
Patient Satisfaction and Access Measures in the Veterans Health Administration
Running Head: Texas State Children’s
Health Insurance Program. Proposed
Solutions for the Continuance of the
Texas State Children’s Health Insurance
Program
Structural Health Monitoring Pertaining to Critical Aircraft Structural Components
Synchronizing U.S. Government Efforts
Toward Collaborative Health Care Policymaking in Iraq
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
HEARING
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
HEART DISEASES
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment
Strategies for Obesity-Associated Coronary Artery Disease, an Imminent Military
Epidemic
HEART IMPLANTATION
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
A-35
HEART
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
HEAT EXCHANGERS
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
HEAT FLUX
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
HEAT RADIATORS
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
HEAT STORAGE
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
HEAT TRANSFER
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport
Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat
Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
Investigation of Thermal Management and Metamaterials
HEAVY IONS
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
HELICOPTER DESIGN
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
HELICOPTER ENGINES
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
HELICOPTERS
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads
Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
HELIOSEISMOLOGY
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
HELIOSPHERE
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
NASA’s STEREO Mission
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
HELMETS
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
HEMATOLOGY
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
HEMATOPOIESIS
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
HEPTANES
Performance of a Small Internal Combustion Engine Using N-Heptane and
Iso-Octane
HERMETIC SEALS
Packaging Concerns and Techniques for
Large Devices: Challenges for Complex
Electronics
HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
HETERODYNING
Sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne detector system
HETEROGENEITY
Controls on Earthquake Rupture and
Triggering Mechanisms in Subduction
Zones
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
HETEROJUNCTIONS
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
HIERARCHIES
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
HIGGS BOSONS
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
HIGH ELECTRON MOBILITY TRANSIS-
TORS
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
HIGH FREQUENCIES
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
HIGH GAIN
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
HIGH POWER LASERS
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
HIGH PRESSURE
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
HIGH RESOLUTION
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Single sensor processing to obtain high resolution color component signals
A-36
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
HIGH REYNOLDS NUMBER
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
HIGH SPEED
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
HIGH STRENGTH
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
HIGH TEMPERATURE AIR
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
HIGH TEMPERATURE PLASMAS
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid
Structure and Dynamics at Mercury,
Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUC-
TORS
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
HIGH TEMPERATURE
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport
Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat
Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
N channel JFET based digital logic gate structure
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
HOLMIUM
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
HOMOGENEITY
Investigation of the Effects of Fine-Scale
Atmospheric Inhomogeneities on Infrasound Propagation
HORMONES
Calpain-Dependent Proteolysis of the
Androgen Receptor
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for
Recurrence of Androgen-Independent
Prostate Cancer
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src Targeted
Therapy
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
HOSPITALS
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the
Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
An Analysis of Operating Room Performance Metrics at Reynolds Army Community Hospital
Case Study: The Venous Thromboembolism Collaborative Team at the Johns
Hopkins Hospital
Information Management: A Departmental Strategic Analysis, Naval Hospital
Jacksonville, FL
Inpatient Behavioral Health Recapture A
Busiess Case Analysis at Evans Army
Community Hospital Fort Carson, Colorado
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
Policy Analysis of Surgical Utilization at
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
Standardization and Implementation of a
Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical Command
HOT STARS
Hot Binaries: Observational Results
HOT WORKING
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
HUMAN BEHAVIOR
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
HUMAN BEINGS
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING
Air and Space Power Journal. Volume
18, Number 1, Spring 2004
Human Factors Reach Comfort Determination Using Fuzzy Logic
Human Systems Integration Requirements
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
HUMAN PERFORMANCE
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
Task Performance Metrics in Human-
Robot Interaction: Taking a Systems Approach
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
HUMAN REACTIONS
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
HUMAN RESOURCES
Defense Medical Human Resources
System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case
Study on Compliance and Accuracy
HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE
A Language Use Perspective on the Design of Human-Computer Interaction
HUMIDITY
The Effects of Data Processing and Environmental Conditions on the Accuracy of the USNO Timescale
A-37
HURRICANES
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
HYBRID PROPULSION
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
HYDRAULIC JETS
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
HYDRAULIC TEST TUNNELS
Upgrading an Experimental Flume for
Engineering Research Education
HYDROCARBONS
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
HYDRODYNAMICS
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
HYDROGEN MASERS
Analysis of Fundamental and Systematic
Effects Limiting Hydrogen Maser Frequency Stability
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
Engineering Design Elements of a Two-
Phase Thermosyphon to Trannsfer
NGNP Thermal Energy to a Hydrogen
Plant
HYDROGEN
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Engineering Design Elements of a Two-
Phase Thermosyphon to Trannsfer
NGNP Thermal Energy to a Hydrogen
Plant
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
HYDROLOGY
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
HYDROPHONES
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
HYDROXYL RADICALS
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
HYPERSONIC BOUNDARY LAYER
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
HYPERSONIC FLIGHT
ExFiT Flight Design and Structural Modeling for FalconLAUNCH VIII Sounding
Rocket
HYPERSONIC FLOW
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
HYPERSONIC NOZZLES
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
HYPERSONIC VEHICLES
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
HYPERSONICS
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
ICE MAPPING
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
ICE
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
IDENTIFYING
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
Visual object recognition and tracking
IDENTITIES
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
IGNITION
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
ILLUMINATING
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
IMAGE ANALYSIS
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
IMAGE CONTRAST
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
IMAGE MOTION COMPENSATION
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
IMAGE PROCESSING
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
IMAGE RESOLUTION
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and Control
IMAGERY
Analysis of Slewing and Attitude Determination Requirements for CTEx
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
Design Analysis of a Space Based Chromotomographic Hyperspectral Imaging
Experiment
A-38
Development and Demonstration of a
Field-Deployable fast Chromotomographic Imager
Hyperspectral Imager for Coastal Ocean
(HICO)
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
Ocean
Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Hyperspectral Very Shallow Water
(VSW) Products
IMAGES
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
Increased Underwater Optical Imaging
Performance via Multiple Autonomous
Underwater Vehicles
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
IMAGING SPECTROMETERS
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
Ocean
IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
Design Analysis of a Space Based Chromotomographic Hyperspectral Imaging
Experiment
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
Ocean
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Increased Underwater Optical Imaging
Performance via Multiple Autonomous
Underwater Vehicles
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
Near-field nano-imager
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
Sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne detector system
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
IMMUNITY
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
IMMUNOASSAY
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
IMPACT RESISTANCE
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
IMPACT TESTS
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
IMPEDANCE
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
Recycler Short Kicker Beam Impedance
IMPLOSIONS
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
IN SITU MEASUREMENT
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation Effects on
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
IN VIVO METHODS AND TESTS
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
INDIUM GALLIUM ARSENIDES
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
Optical and Electrical Characterization of
Bulk Grown Indium-Gallium-Arsenide Alloys
INDUCTANCE
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
INDUCTORS
Cross-differential amplifier
INDUSTRIES
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
Iran Sanctions
Strategic Alliances: Government and Industry
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE
Act
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
From Shuttle Main Engine to the Human
Heart: A Presentation to the Federal Lab
Consortium for Technology Transfer
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
INFERENCE
Exemplar Models as a Mechanism for
Performing Bayesian Inference
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
INFLATABLE STRUCTURES
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
INFLUENCE COEFFICIENT
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
A-39
INFLUENZA
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment
Department of the Navy Information
Management & Information Technology
Strategic Plan. FY 2008-2009. Mid-cyle update
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Future Directions in Space IT
Information Management: A Departmental Strategic Analysis, Naval Hospital
Jacksonville, FL
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative
Transfer of Situational Understanding
The Process of Achieving Collaborative
Knowledge in Asynchronous Collaboration (CASC)
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
University of Padua at TREC 2009: Relevance Feedback Track
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
C3I Information Systems
CYBERSECURITY: Continued Efforts
Are Needed to Protect Information Systems From Evolving Threats
Cyberspace Operations Concept Capability Plan 2016-2028
Cyberterrorism: The Silent Threat
Data Transparency: Empowering Decisionmakers
Defense Medical Human Resources
System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case
Study on Compliance and Accuracy
Department of the Navy Information
Management & Information Technology
Strategic Plan. FY 2008-2009. Mid-cyle update
Federal Research and Development
Funding: FY2011, March 10,
2010
Future Directions in Space IT
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Information Management: A Departmental Strategic Analysis, Naval Hospital
Jacksonville, FL
Measuring the Impact of Information on
Complex Systems
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
Networking and Information Technology
Research and Development Program.
Supplement to the President’s Budget for
Fiscal Year 2011
Operation Allied Force: The View from
Beijing
INFORMATION THEORY
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO
Resolution Selection and Information-
Theoretic Sensor Tasking
Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
INFRARED DETECTORS
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
INFRARED IMAGERY
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
INFRARED INSTRUMENTS
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
INFRARED INTERFEROMETERS
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
INFRARED RADIATION
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Passive Ranging Using Infra-Red Atmospheric Attenuation
Surface Plasmon Enhanced Si:Er Infrared Light Emitting Diodes
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
INFRARED SIGNATURES
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
INFRARED SPECTRA
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
INFRASONIC FREQUENCIES
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing
System
Finite Difference Time Domain Modeling of Infrasound Propagation: Application to
Shadow Zone Arrivals and Regional
Propagation
InfraMonitor: A Tool for Regional Infrasound Monitoring
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion
Sources
Investigation of the Effects of Fine-Scale
Atmospheric Inhomogeneities on Infrasound Propagation
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Progress on Component Evaluation for
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
INHIBITORS
Combinations of Novel Histone Deacetylase and Bcr-Abl Inhibitors in the Therapy of Imatinib Mesylate-Sensitive and
-Refractory Bcr-Abl Expressing Leukemia
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-
Associated Ovarian Cancer
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
INJURIES
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative
Medicine
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
The Threat Related Attrition (THREAT)
System Casualty Estimation Facility
Model
A-40
INLET FLOW
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
INSPECTION
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Inspection Report on ‘Internal Controls over Accountable Classified Removable
Electronic Media at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory’
INSTALLING
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
INSTRUMENTS
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
INSULATION
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
INSULATORS
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Efficient thermoelectric device
INSURANCE (CONTRACTS)
Insurance Claims: A Study in Denials
Running Head: Texas State Children’s
Health Insurance Program. Proposed
Solutions for the Continuance of the
Texas State Children’s Health Insurance
Program
INTEGRAL EQUATIONS
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
INTELLIGENCE
A Native Intelligence Metric for Artificial
Systems
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
NICCI: A Multi-agent Cognitive Formation
INTERFEROMETRY
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Hot Binaries: Observational Results
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
INTERIOR BALLISTICS
Casbar User’s Guide
INTERLAMINAR STRESS
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCIES
Effects of Channel Mismatches on
Beamforming and Signal Detection
INTERMETALLICS
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Performance of a Small Internal Combustion Engine Using N-Heptane and
Iso-Octane
INTERNAL CONVERSION
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
INTERNAL PRESSURE
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
Haiti Earthquake: Crisis and Response
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRAT-
EGY: Key Improvements Are Needed to
Strengthen the Nation’s Posture
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Environmental Control and Life Support
Integration Strategy for 6-Crew Operations
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Iran Sanctions
INTERNETS
A Case Study on TRICARE Online Webenabled Appointing: Improving Utilization
Rates at Navy Medical Treatment Facilities
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Defense Medical Human Resources
System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case
Study on Compliance and Accuracy
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
INTEROPERABILITY
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Environmental Assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
Cooperative-Engagement-
Capability/PATRIOT (CEC/PATRIOT) Interoperability Test
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
INTERPLANETARY FLIGHT
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
A-41
INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELDS
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
INTERPOLATION
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Multiple Neural Network Model Interpolation
INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
INTERSTELLAR MAGNETIC FIELDS
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
INTERSTELLAR MATTER
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
INTERSTELLAR SPACE
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
INTRUSION
Acoustic Dopplergram for Intruder Defense
Two-axis joint method
assembly and
INVENTORIES
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
INVENTORY CONTROLS
Reorganization of Marine Corps Aviation
Associated Logistics
INVERSIONS
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for
RaDyO)
RaDyO (Hi Fi
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
IODIDES
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
ION BEAMS
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
ION IRRADIATION
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
ION PROBES
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
ION SCATTERING
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
ION SOURCES
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
IONIZATION
Photoionization Modeling
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
IONIZING RADIATION
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
IONOSPHERES
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
IONS
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
IRAN
Iran Sanctions
IRAQ
Aviation Base Building Kirkuk, Iraq
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
Synchronizing U.S. Government Efforts
Toward Collaborative Health Care Policymaking in Iraq
Thinking About Nuclear Power in Post-
Saddam Iraq
IRON ALLOYS
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
IRON
Photoionization Modeling
IRRADIANCE
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
IRRADIATION
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Efficient thermoelectric device
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
ISING MODEL
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
ISOLATION
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
ISOTOPES
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
ISOTROPISM
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric,
Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded,
Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
ISOTROPY
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric,
Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded,
Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
A-42
JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
JAMMING
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
JAPAN
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
JET AIRCRAFT
Filling the Fighter Gap
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
JET ENGINE FUELS
Sea Level Operation Demonstration of
F404-GE-400 Turbofan Engine with JP-
5/Bio-Fuel Mixture
JET ENGINES
F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress
JFET
N channel JFET based digital logic gate structure
JOURNAL BEARINGS
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
KALMAN FILTERS
Agents Technology Research
Coalition Formation Under Uncertainty
KERNEL FUNCTIONS
Configuration Tool Prototype for the
Trusted Computing
Project
Exemplar
Modeling Travel-Time Correlations
Based on Sensitivity Kernels and Correlated Velocity Anomalies
Performance Characteristics of a Kernel-
Space Packet Capture Module
KINEMATICS
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO
Resolution Selection and Information-
Theoretic Sensor Tasking
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
KINETICS
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
KUWAIT
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
LABORATORY ASTROPHYSICS
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
LAMB WAVES
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
LAMINAR FLOW
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
LAMINATES
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
LAND MANAGEMENT
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
LAND USE
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
LANDING SITES
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
LANGUAGES
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES
Snap-Through Instability Patterns in
Truss Structures
LASER ABLATION
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
LASER ALTIMETERS
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
LASER APPLICATIONS
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
LASER BEAMS
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
LASER DAMAGE
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
LASER DEPOSITION
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
LASER INTERFEROMETRY
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
LASER MATERIALS
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic
Materials
LASER PUMPING
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
LASER RANGE FINDERS
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
A-43
LASERS
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Environmentally Clean Mitigation of Undesirable Plant Life Using Lasers
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
Laser-Based Method for Docking an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle to a Submarine
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
LATERAL CONTROL
Ares 1-X Roll Control System Development
LAUNCH VEHICLES
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating Launch-Vehicle Fuel
Tank
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
ExFiT Flight Design and Structural Modeling for FalconLAUNCH VIII Sounding
Rocket
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and
Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
LAUNCHING
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
LAW (JURISPRUDENCE)
Iran Sanctions
LEACHING
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
LEADERSHIP
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an
Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August
2006)
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
LEADING EDGES
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
LENSES
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
LESIONS
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
LESSONS LEARNED
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
LEUKEMIAS
Combinations of Novel Histone Deacetylase and Bcr-Abl Inhibitors in the Therapy of Imatinib Mesylate-Sensitive and
-Refractory Bcr-Abl Expressing Leukemia
LEUKOCYTES
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
LIBRARIES
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
LICENSING
The Limits of Fair Use in Military Scholarship: When, How, and From Whom to
Request Permission to Use Copyrighted
Works
LIFE (DURABILITY)
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
Environmental Control and Life Support
Integration Strategy for 6-Crew Operations
LIGHT BEAMS
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Surface Plasmon Enhanced Si:Er Infrared Light Emitting Diodes
White LED with High Package Extraction
Efficiency
LIGHT SCATTERING
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
Parallel Measurements of Light Scattering and Characterization of Marine Particles in Water: An Evaluation of Methodology
LIGHT SOURCES
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
LIGHT (VISIBLE RADIATION)
NASA’s STEREO Mission
Point-Light Visualization Developer, Version 1.0 User Guide
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
LINE OF SIGHT
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
LINEAR ACCELERATORS
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
A-44
LINEAR ALTERNATORS
Test Rack Development for Extended
Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
LINEAR POLARIZATION
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter
(ASP)
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
LINEARIZATION
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
LINKAGES
REBUS-MCNP Linkage
LIQUID CRYSTALS
New Meta and Nanomaterials for Photorefractive Enhancement and Photorefractive Two-Beam Coupling
LIQUID FUELS
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating
Tank
Launch-Vehicle Fuel
LIQUID METALS
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport
Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat
Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
LIQUID OXYGEN
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating Launch-Vehicle Fuel
Tank
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and
Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
LIQUID ROCKET PROPELLANTS
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and
Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
LISA (OBSERVATORY)
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
LIVER
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
LOAD TESTS
Combined Load Test Fixture
LOADS (FORCES)
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Combined Load Test Fixture
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads
Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Sideload vanes for fluid pump
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
LOCOMOTION
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
LOGIC DESIGN
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
Reorganization of Marine Corps Aviation
Associated Logistics
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an
Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August
2006)
LOGISTICS
Reorganization of Marine Corps Aviation
Associated Logistics
LOOP ANTENNAS
Hybrid Log Spiral With Loop Antenna
LORAN
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
LOSSES
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
LOVE WAVES
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
LOW EARTH ORBITS
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
LOW NOISE
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
LOW TEMPERATURE
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
LUMINANCE
Single sensor processing to obtain high resolution color component signals
LUNAR ENVIRONMENT
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
LUNAR EXPLORATION
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
LUNAR LANDING
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
LUNAR MAPS
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
LUNAR ORBITER
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
LUNAR ROCKS
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
LUNAR SURFACE
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
A-45
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
LUNGS
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
LYMPH
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
M STARS
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
MACH NUMBER
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
MACHINE LEARNING
Effective Bayesian Transfer Learning
Learning Latent Variable and Predictive
Models of Dynamical Systems
Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Hyperspectral Very Shallow Water
(VSW) Products
MAGNESIUM ALLOYS
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
MAGNESIUM OXIDES
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
MAGNETIC CLOUDS
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
MAGNETIC DOMAINS
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
MAGNETIC FIELD RECONNECTION
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron
Dropouts: Signatures of Magnetic Connection to the Sun, Disconnection, or
Interchange Reconnection?
MAGNETIC FIELDS
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
Computational Simulation of High Energy Density Plasmas
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections
(CMEs)
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
MAGNETIC FLUX
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid
Structure and Dynamics at Mercury,
Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
MAGNETIC MATERIALS
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
MAGNETIC MIRRORS
Magnetic Mirror Fusion-Fission Early
History and Applicability to other Systems
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
MAGNETIC SHIELDING
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
MAGNETIC STORMS
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
MAGNETS
Recycler Short Kicker Beam Impedance
MAGNIFICATION
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
MAGNITUDE
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
MAIN SEQUENCE STARS
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
MAINTAINABILITY
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
MAINTENANCE
A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process
An Exploration of the Effects of Maintenance Manning on Combat Mission
Readiness (CMR) Utilizing Agent Based
Modeling
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
Simulation Analysis of High Velocity
Maintenance for the B-1B
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy
Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
MALES
Calpain-Dependent Proteolysis of the
Androgen Receptor
A-46
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for
Recurrence of Androgen-Independent
Prostate Cancer
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
MALI
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
MAMMARY GLANDS
Accurate 3D Modeling of Breast Deformation for Temporal Mammogram Registration
Characterization of Human Mammary
Epithelial Stem Cells
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by
Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early
First Birth
Correlative Feature Analysis for Multimodality Breast CAD
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of
Breast
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
Expression of Endogenous Suppressors of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary
Epithelial Cell Survival
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src
Therapy
Targeted
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast
Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials
Impact of Institutional - and Individual
-Level Discrimination on Medical Care &
Quality of Life among Breast Cancer
Survivors
Killing Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Apoptosome
Midbody Accumulation in Breast Cancer
Cells
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Recruitment & Regulation of N-Wasp by
F-Bar Family Member CIP4 in Invasive
Breast Cancer Cells
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Role of BRCA2 in the Expressions of
IRF9-regulated Genes in Human Breast
Cells
Targeting siRNA Missiles to Her2+
Breast Cancer
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
The Importance of Autophagy in Breast
Cancer Development and Treatment
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions
Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
The SDF1-CXCR4 Axis Functions through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism(s)
Underlying ER+/PR- Breast Tumorigenesis Using a Novel Genetically Engineered Mouse Model
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
MAN MACHINE SYSTEMS
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
C3I Information Systems
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYS-
TEMS
Department of the Navy Information
Management & Information Technology
Strategic Plan. FY 2008-2009. Mid-cyle update
MANAGEMENT METHODS
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-
Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as
Federal Coordinating Center, National
Disaster Medical System: An Analysis of
Activation Preparedness
MANAGEMENT PLANNING
Assessment, Planning, and Execution
Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Information Management: A Departmental Strategic Analysis, Naval Hospital
Jacksonville, FL
Performance Characteristics of Planning
Actors
Report to Congress on the Benefits of the
President’s E-Government Initiatives.
Fiscal Year 2008
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Agents Technology Research
Synchronizing U.S. Government Efforts
Toward Collaborative Health Care Policymaking in Iraq
MANDRELS
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
A-47
MANEUVERS
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
MANNED MARS MISSIONS
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
MANNED SPACE FLIGHT
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
MANNED SPACECRAFT
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
MANPOWER
An Exploration of the Effects of Maintenance Manning on Combat Mission
Readiness (CMR) Utilizing Agent Based
Modeling
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
MANUAL CONTROL
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
MANUFACTURING
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
MAPPING
Empirical Modeling of Nanoscale Dynamics using Solution Mapping
MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
The Physical Context for Thin Layers in the Coastal Ocean
MARINE TRANSPORTATION
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
MARKERS
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
Harsh Environments
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
MARKOV PROCESSES
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
MARS EXPLORATION
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
MARS (PLANET)
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
MASERS
Analysis of Fundamental and Systematic
Effects Limiting Hydrogen Maser Frequency Stability
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
MASKS
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell
Model of Turbulence
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
MATRIX MATERIALS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer ites
Compos-
MAURITANIA
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATES
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
MEASURE AND INTEGRATION
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
MEASUREMENT
Development of Measures to Assess
Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
Measuring tion
Collaborative Cogni-
Measuring the Impact of Information on
Complex Systems
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
You Determine A UAV’s Autonomy Anyway
Scene Change Artifacts in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Temporally Changing Sources
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
A-48
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial
Behavior of Nanoscale Systems
MEDICAL SCIENCE
A Comparison of Services Utilized by
Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
MEDICAL SERVICES
A Comparison of Dependent Primary
Care Utilization Rates Based on Deployments
A Comparison of Services Utilized by
Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative
Medicine
Army Medical Action Plan’s Impact on
Access to Healthcare for TRICARE Beneficiaries
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health
System
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
Children’s Hospice
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Development of Clinic Specific Physical
Therapy Efficiency Targets Based on
Clinic Specific Metrics
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Inpatient Mental ture
Health Recap-
Insurance Claims: A Study in Denials
Of Battle and Disease: The East African
Campaign of 1914-18
Policy Analysis of Surgical Utilization at
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
Running Head: Evaluation of Contract
Versus VA-Staffed CBOCs. Evaluating
Contract versus VA-Staffed Community
Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) Using
Patient Satisfaction and Access Measures in the Veterans Health Administration
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
Running Head: Texas State Children’s
Health Insurance Program. Proposed
Solutions for the Continuance of the
Texas State Children’s Health Insurance
Program
Synchronizing U.S. Government Efforts
Toward Collaborative Health Care Policymaking in Iraq
MEMBRANE STRUCTURES
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
MEMBRANES
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
MEMORY (COMPUTERS)
Memory Reconsolidation and Computational Learning
MENTAL HEALTH
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health
System
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of
Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health
Program
Deployment Effects on Children and
Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a
Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military
Families
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Inpatient Mental Health Recaptre using
Dod/VA Sharing
Inpatient Mental Health Recapture
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
MENTAL PERFORMANCE
Mental Rotation, Pictured Rotation, and
Tandem Rotation in Depth
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative
Transfer of Situational Understanding
MERIDIONAL FLOW
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
MESOSCALE PHENOMENA
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the Precipitation Processes
MESOSPHERE
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
MESSAGE PROCESSING
Message Bus Architectures - Simplicity in the Right Places
METABOLISM
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine
Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell
Death in Prostate Cancer
METADATA
Context based configuration management system
METAL FATIGUE
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for
High Cycle Fatigue
METAL FILMS
Flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system
METAL IONS
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
METAL POWDER
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
METAL SURFACES
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
METAL WORKING
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
METALLIC GLASSES
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming
Ability and Stability of Ternary and some
Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
METALLIC STARS
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
METALS
Efficient thermoelectric device
METASTASIS
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src
Therapy
Targeted
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
A-49
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions
Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
The SDF1-CXCR4 Axis Functions through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
METEORITIC COMPOSITION
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
METEOROLOGY
Modeling Activities in the Department of
Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
METHANE
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
MICE
Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism(s)
Underlying ER+/PR- Breast Tumorigenesis Using a Novel Genetically Engineered Mouse Model
MICROCOMPUTERS
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
MICROELECTROMECHANICAL
TEMS
SYS-
Development of a Novel Technique to
Assess the Vulnerability of Micro-
Mechnical System Components to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
Snap-Through Instability Patterns in
Truss Structures
MICROGRAVITY
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
MICROMECHANICS
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
MICROMETEOROIDS
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
MICROOPTOELECTROMECHANICAL
SYSTEMS
Micro-LiDAR velocity, temperature, density, concentration sensor
MICROPARTICLES
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
MICROSCOPY
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
MICROSTRUCTURE
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
MICROWAVE AMPLIFIERS
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE
Testing Cosmic Inflation
MICROWAVE CIRCUITS
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
MICROWAVE SOUNDING
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
MICROWAVES
Human Ears Inspired Passive Microwave
Direction Finding
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
Stimulated Electron Desorption Studies from Microwave Vacuum Electronics /
High Power Microwave Materials
MIDDLE EAST
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
MIGRATION
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
MILITARY AIR FACILITIES
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
MILITARY AIRCRAFT
Prowler: Best for the Future?
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
V-22, Great Bumpersticker, But What
Can It Do?
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
MILITARY AVIATION
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
Reorganization of Marine Corps Aviation
Associated Logistics
USMC Aviation Vision 2025 and the Misdirection of Airborne Electronic Warfare
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
MILITARY OPERATIONS
A General Airman: Millard Harmon and the South Pacific in World War II
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Cnth\nthXYZ, TACS, and Air Battle Management: The Search for Operational
Doctrine
Coalition Formation Under Uncertainty
A-50
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Global and Theater Operations Integration
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV
Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
Non-Kinetic Shaping Operations: The
Soviet Information Campaign Supporting the Invasion of Afghanistan
Of Battle and Disease: The East African
Campaign of 1914-18
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed
T&
Repair and Maintenance Contracts for
Aircraft Supporting Coalition Forces in
Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kuwait
Simulation for Dynamic Situation Awareness and Prediction III
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
The Director of Innovation. Volume 4,
March 2010
The Limits of Fair Use in Military Scholarship: When, How, and From Whom to
Request Permission to Use Copyrighted
Works
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
Visualizing War Visual Technologies and
Military Campaign Planning
MILITARY PERSONNEL
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative
Medicine
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of
Frame of Choice for Retired Service
Members
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV
Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
Non-response on U.S.
Navy Quick
Polls
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
MILITARY TECHNOLOGY
Advancing the State-of-the-Art in Intelligent Systems: Scientific Rigor in Our
Methods of Experimentation
AFOSR Programs in Higher Levels of
Information Fusion
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Inspection Report on ‘Internal Controls over Accountable Classified Removable
Electronic Media at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory’
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
Strategic Alliances: Government and Industry
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
MILITARY VEHICLES
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
MILKY WAY GALAXY
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
MILLIMETER WAVES
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at
Millimeter Wavelengths
MIMO (CONTROL SYSTEMS)
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
MINE DETECTORS
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
Surfzone Water Properties Sensor
(SWAN)
MINES (ORDNANCE)
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
MINIATURE ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Seismic Detection Using Mini Seismometer
MINIATURIZATION
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
MINING
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
MISSILE DEFENSE
Environmental Assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
Cooperative-Engagement-
Capability/PATRIOT (CEC/PATRIOT) Interoperability Test
MISSILES
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
Targeting siRNA Missiles to Her2+
Breast Cancer
MISSION PLANNING
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter
(ASP)
MITOCHONDRIA
Killing Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Apoptosome
MIXING LAYERS (FLUIDS)
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
MOBILITY
Hierarchical Architecture for Coordinating Ground Vehicles in Unstructured Environments
A-51
MODELS
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Empirical Modeling of Nanoscale Dynamics using Solution Mapping
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
Uncertainty Modeling for Database Design using Intuitionistic and Rough Set
Theory
MODULARITY
Development of Measures to Assess
Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
MODULATION
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
MODULATORS
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
MOISTURE CONTENT
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
MOISTURE
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
MOLTEN SALTS
Addendum to Engineering Evaluation of the Proposed Alternative Salt Transfer
Method for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
MOMENTUM
Comments on the Slip Factor and the
Relation Delta Phi equal Negative H
Delta Theta
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
MONITORS
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
MONOMERS
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
MONOPOLES
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
MONSOONS
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
The Origin of Monsoons: The Role of
Continental-Scale Landmass
MONTE CARLO METHOD
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
MONTEREY BAY (CA)
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
MOON
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
MORALE
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
MORPHOLOGY
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
MORTALITY
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
MOSSBAUER EFFECT
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
MOTHS
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a
Manduca Sexta Forewing
MOTIVATION
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
MOTOR VEHICLES
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
MUD
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
MULTILAYER INSULATION
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
MULTIMEDIA
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
MULTIPATH TRANSMISSION
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
MULTIPLEXING
Spatial Multiplexing in Random Wireless
Networks
MULTISENSOR FUSION
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
AFOSR Programs in Higher Levels of
Information Fusion
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
A-52
MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
MUSCLES
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
MUTATIONS
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
NANOCOMPOSITES
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
NANOCRYSTALS
Efficient thermoelectric device
NANOPARTICLES
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer ites
Compos-
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
Catalysts from Solutions to Supports
(LDRD 104111)
Current Flow Through Two Dimensional
Arrays of Metal Nanoparticles as a Novel
Sensor Platform
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode
Probe
Hybrid Nanoparticle
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
NANOSTRUCTURE
TICS)
(CHARACTERIS-
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
NANOSTRUCTURE GROWTH
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
NANOSTRUCTURES (DEVICES)
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Engineered Nanostructures for Optimal
Strength and Toughness
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial
Behavior of Nanoscale Systems
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
The National Nanotechnology Initiative:
Overview, Reauthorization, and Appropriations Issues
NANOWIRES
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
NARROWBAND
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
NATURAL GAS
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
NATURAL LANGUAGE (COMPUTERS)
Performance and Power Optimization for
Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-
Submicron Very Large Scale Integration
(VLSI) Technology
NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
NAVIGATION SATELLITES
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
NAVIGATION
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
NAVY
A Case Study on TRICARE Online Webenabled Appointing: Improving Utilization
Rates at Navy Medical Treatment Facilities
Department of the Navy Information
Management & Information Technology
Strategic Plan. FY 2008-2009. Mid-cyle update
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Non-response on U.S.
Navy Quick
Polls
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
NEAR EARTH OBJECTS
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Mission Analysis for Multiple Rendezvous of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Earth
Gravity Assist
NEAR FIELDS
Near-field nano-imager
NEAR INFRARED RADIATION
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
NEBULAE
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Upregulating Apoptotic Signaling in Neurofibromatosis
NETWORKS
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation
Detection System
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
NEURAL NETS
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network
Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision
Making for an Abstract Game
Multiple Neural Network Model Interpolation
NEUROLOGY
Exemplar Models as a Mechanism for
Performing Bayesian Inference
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
A-53
NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to
Protein Kinase C
NEUTRON COUNTERS
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
NEUTRON IRRADIATION
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation Effects on
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation Effects on
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
NEUTRON SOURCES
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
NEUTRON STARS
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
NEUTRONS
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Exploring Solar Flares with Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Improving Low Order, Linear, Positive
Spatial Quadratures for the Partial Current Neutron Transport Method
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
NICKEL ALUMINIDES
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
NICKEL
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
NIGER
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
NIGHT VISION
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
NITRIDES
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
NITRILES
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
NITROGEN OXIDES
NOx Control for Utility Boiler OTR Compliance
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
NITROGLYCERIN
Nitroglycerine (NG) Stability Test. Its
Function and Issues a Dilemma of the
Producer. Can We Circumvent it for Better Safety?
NOAA SATELLITES
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
NOBLE METALS
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy
Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
NOISE GENERATORS
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
NOISE PREDICTION
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
NOISE REDUCTION
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
NOISE (SOUND)
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTS
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
NONEQUILIBRIUM FLOW
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
NONLINEAR EQUATIONS
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
NONLINEAR OPTICS
Synthesis of Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics Applications
NONLINEAR SYSTEMS
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
Experiments with Geometric Non-Linear
Coupling for Analytical Validation
NONLINEARITY
Experiments with Geometric Non-Linear
Coupling for Analytical Validation
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZA-
TION (NATO)
Operation Allied Force: The View from
Beijing
NORTH KOREA
Investigation of Regional Source Properties of the Underground Nuclear Explosion in North Korea
NORTH SEA
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
NOZZLE FLOW
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
NUCLEAR ELECTRIC POWER GENERA-
TION
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the VHTR Lower Plenum Standard Problem
NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
Investigation of Regional Source Properties of the Underground Nuclear Explosion in North Korea
Key Response Planning Factors for the
Aftermath of Nuclear Terrorism
A-54
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering
Parameters in Northern Eurasia
Progress on Component Evaluation for
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Three-Axis Seismometer
NUCLEAR FUELS
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Thinking About Nuclear Power in Post-
Saddam Iraq
NUCLEAR RADIATION
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation
Detection System
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn-1 and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
NUCLEAR REACTORS
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the VHTR Lower Plenum Standard Problem
REBUS-MCNP Linkage
NUCLEAR SCATTERING
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
NUCLEAR WEAPONS
Campaign 2 Level 2 Milestone Review
2009: Milestone Number 3132 Determine Sustainable TATB Source and Processing Options, and Potential Binder
Options
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship,
Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
NUMERICAL INTEGRATION
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the Precipitation Processes
NUTRITION
Determination of Optimum Vitamin D Nutrition in Young Women
O STARS
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
OBESITY
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment
Strategies for Obesity-Associated Coronary Artery Disease, an Imminent Military
Epidemic
OBSERVATORIES
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients Near the Galactic
Plane
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
OCCULTATION
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
OCCURRENCES
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
OCEAN BOTTOM
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
OCEAN MODELS
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing
Network (ICON) Renewal
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin
Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical Models
OCEAN SURFACE
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
OCEAN TEMPERATURE
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
OCEANOGRAPHY
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
Seaweb Network for FRONT Oceanographic Sensors
OCEANS
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of
Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for
RaDyO)
RaDyO (Hi Fi
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
Hyperspectral Imager for Coastal Ocean
(HICO)
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
Ocean
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing
Network (ICON) Renewal
Measurement of Time Varying Volume
Scatter
The Physical Context for Thin Layers in the Coastal Ocean
A-55
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin
Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical Models
OILS
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
OLIGOMERS
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
OLIVINE
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
ON-LINE SYSTEMS
Memory Reconsolidation and Computational Learning
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
The Director of Innovation. Volume 4,
March 2010
OPERATOR PERFORMANCE
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
OPERATORS (MATHEMATICS)
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
OPTICAL COUNTERMEASURES
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
OPTICAL DENSITY
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
OPTICAL EQUIPMENT
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
OPTICAL FIBERS
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
Micro-LiDAR velocity, temperature, density, concentration sensor
OPTICAL MEASUREMENT
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
Laboratory Verification of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS): Particulate Volume Scattering Function and Turbulence
Properties of the Flow
Outboard Optical Cable Sensor System and Method
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
Development of High-Fill-Factor Large-
Aperture Micromirrors for Agile Optical
Phased Arrays
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of
Frame of Choice for Retired Service
Members
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for
RaDyO)
RaDyO (Hi Fi
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in
Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders
During RIMPAC
Measurement of Time Varying Volume
Scatter
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Surfzone Water Properties Sensor
(SWAN)
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
OPTICAL RADAR
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
Sensing of Coastal Waters
Micro-LiDAR velocity, temperature, density, concentration sensor
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
OPTICAL RESONANCE
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
OPTICAL THICKNESS
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
OPTICAL TRACKING
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
Visual object recognition and tracking
OPTIMIZATION
Global Optimization via SPSA
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
Performance and Power Optimization for
Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-
Submicron Very Large Scale Integration
(VLSI) Technology
Randomized Routing as a Regularized
Solution to the Route Cost Minimization
Problem
OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES
Micro-LiDAR velocity, temperature, density, concentration sensor
OPTOMETRY
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of
Frame of Choice for Retired Service
Members
ORBITAL SERVICING
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
A-56
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
A Density Functional That Accounts for
Medium-Range Correlation Energies in
Organic Chemistry (PREPRINT)
ORGANIC MATERIALS
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
ORGANIZATIONS
Corporate Average Fuel Economy for MY
2012-MY 2016 Passenger Cars and
Light Trucks. Final Regulatory Impact
Analysis
Final Environmental Impact Statement:
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks,
Model Years 2012-2016
Iran Sanctions
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
NASA’s Participation in Joint SatOPS
Compatibility Efforts 2009-2010
ORTHOTROPIC CYLINDERS
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
OSCILLATIONS
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
OSCILLATORS
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
OVARIES
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-
Associated Ovarian Cancer
Critical Roles of CD151-alpha6beta1 and
CD151-alpha6beta4 Integrin Complexes in Human Ovarian Cancer
Exploration of the Use of Epigenetic
Therapy to Enhance the Effectiveness of
Taxol Treatment
LL-37 Recruits Immunosuppressive
Regulatory T Cells to Ovarian Tumors
Mumps Parotitis and Ovarian Cancer:
Modern Significance of an Historic Association
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
Role of PELP1 in EGFR-ER Signaling
Crosstalk in Ovarian Cancer
Cells
OXIDATION RESISTANCE
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTIONS
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
OXIDATION
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
OXIDES
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
OXYGEN ATOMS
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
OXYGEN SUPPLY EQUIPMENT
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
OXYGEN
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
OZONE
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
P WAVES
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
PACIFIC OCEAN
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of
Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health
Program
PACKAGING
Packaging Concerns and Techniques for
Large Devices: Challenges for Complex
Electronics
PAIN
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
PANELS
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
PARABOLIC FLIGHT
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS)
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
PARASITIC DISEASES
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
PARTICULATES
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Laboratory Verification of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS): Particulate Volume Scattering Function and Turbulence
Properties of the Flow
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
PASSENGERS
Corporate Average Fuel Economy for MY
2012-MY 2016 Passenger Cars and
Light Trucks. Final Regulatory Impact
Analysis
Final Environmental Impact Statement:
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks,
Model Years 2012-2016
A-57
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
PASSIVITY
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
PATCH ANTENNAS
Multi-Element Patch Antenna and
Method
PATENT APPLICATIONS
Method for Reducing Flow Induced Vibration and Noise in Towed Arrays
Multi-Element Patch Antenna and
Method
PATENTS
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
PATHOGENESIS
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode Hybrid Nanoparticle
Probe
PATHOGENS
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode Hybrid Nanoparticle
Probe
PATIENTS
A Comparison of Services Utilized by
Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
Case Study: The Venous Thromboembolism Collaborative Team at the Johns
Hopkins Hospital
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising
PSA and Their Spouses: Treatment Decision Making and Quality of Life
Running Head: Evaluation of Contract
Versus VA-Staffed CBOCs. Evaluating
Contract versus VA-Staffed Community
Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) Using
Patient Satisfaction and Access Measures in the Veterans Health Administration
PATTERN RECOGNITION
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
Visual object recognition and tracking
PAYLOADS
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
PENETRANTS
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
PENETRATION
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
PENINSULAS
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
PEPTIDES
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
The Role of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) In
Uncontrolled Alcohol Drinking and Relapse Behavior Resulting From Exposure to Stressful Events
PERFORMANCE PREDICTION
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
PERFORMANCE TESTS
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
PERIODIC VARIATIONS
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
PERMEABILITY
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
PERSONALITY
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT
Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation gram
and Employment Pro-
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Defense Medical Human Resources
System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case
Study on Compliance and Accuracy
PERSONNEL
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health
System
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Federal Building and Facility Security
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV
Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
PCBs Alter Dopamine Mediated Function in Aging Workers
PERTURBATION
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Global Optimization via SPSA
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
PESTICIDES
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
PHASE SHIFT KEYING
Configuration Tool Prototype for the
Trusted
Project
Computing Exemplar
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Novel Electro-Analytical Tools for Phase-
Transformation Electrode Materials
PHASED ARRAYS
Development of High-Fill-Factor Large-
Aperture Micromirrors for Agile Optical
Phased Arrays
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
PHENOLS
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
A-58
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
PHENOMENOLOGY
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
PHENOTYPE
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
PHOSPHORS
White LED with High Package Extraction
Efficiency
PHOSPHORYLATION
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
PHOTOGRAPHS
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
PHOTOIONIZATION
Photoionization Modeling
PHOTOMETERS
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
PHOTOMETRY
Prospects for Habitable World Detections Using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
PHOTONICS
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Photonic Synthesis and Processing of
Ultrabroadband Radio-Frequency Waveforms
PHOTONS
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
PHOTOSPHERE
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
PHYSICAL EXERCISE
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
PHYSICAL OPTICS
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
PHYSICAL WORK
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
PHYSIOLOGY
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
PHYTOPLANKTON
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
PIEZOELECTRICITY
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
PILOTLESS AIRCRAFT
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV
Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
PILOTS
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
PINS
Gimbaled-shoulder friction stir welding tool
PIPELINES
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
PISTONS
Thermally driven piston assembly and position control therefor
PLANETARY MAGNETOSPHERES
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid
Structure and Dynamics at Mercury,
Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
PLANETARY ROTATION
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid
Structure and Dynamics at Mercury,
Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
PLANETARY SYSTEMS
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
PLANNING
Global and Theater Operations Integration
A-59
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Performance Characteristics of Planning
Actors
Visualizing War Visual Technologies and
Military Campaign Planning
PLASMA DYNAMICS
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
PLASMA ELECTRODES
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
PLASMA ENGINES
Thrust and Performance Study of Micro
Pulsed Plasma Thrusters
PLASMA GENERATORS
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
PLASMA INTERACTIONS
NASA’s STEREO Mission
PLASMA PHYSICS
A Computational Cluster for Advanced
Plasma Physics Simulations
PLASMA WAVES
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
PLASMAS (PHYSICS)
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid
Structure and Dynamics at Mercury,
Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
Computational Simulation of High Energy Density Plasmas
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
Pileup Saturation Problem?
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
PLASMONS
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Surface Plasmon Enhanced Si:Er Infrared Light Emitting Diodes
PLASTIC COATINGS
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
PLASTIC DEFORMATION
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
PLASTIC PROPERTIES
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
PLASTICIZERS
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
PLATELETS
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
PLATES (STRUCTURAL MEMBERS)
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
PLATINUM
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
Catalysts from Solutions to Supports
(LDRD 104111)
Ultrasound-assisted Micro-emulsion
Synthesis of a Highly Active Nanoparticle Catalyst
PLUGS
Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed
T&
PLUMES
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
PODS (EXTERNAL STORES)
Aero-Optical Investigation of a Pod Directed Energy System
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
POINT SOURCES
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
POINT TO POINT COMMUNICATION
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
POINTING CONTROL SYSTEMS
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
POLAR ORBITS
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
POLAR REGIONS
Global Ionospheric Processes
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
POLARIMETERS
LWIR Microgrid Polarimeter for Remote
Sensing Studies
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter
(ASP)
POLARIMETRY
LWIR Microgrid Polarimeter for Remote
Sensing Studies
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
POLARITY
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
POLARIZED LIGHT
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
POLARIZED RADIATION
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter
(ASP)
POLICIES
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-
Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
Policy Analysis of Surgical Utilization at
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
POLLUTION CONTROL
Corporate Average Fuel Economy for MY
2012-MY 2016 Passenger Cars and
Light Trucks. Final Regulatory Impact
Analysis
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
PCBs Alter Dopamine Mediated Function in Aging Workers
POLYCRYSTALS
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
POLYIMIDES
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
A-60
POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
POLYMERIC FILMS
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
POLYMERIZATION
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
POLYMERS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer ites
Compos-
Effects of Prior Aging at 260 deg C in
Argon on Inelastic Deformation Behavior of PMR-15 Polymer at 260 deg C: Experiment and Modeling
Fire Resistance of Geopolymer Concretes
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
Thermally driven piston assembly and position control therefor
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid
Polymers
POLYMORPHISM
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
POPULATIONS
Development of a PTSD Population Registry
POROSITY
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and Control
PORTABLE EQUIPMENT
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
POSITION INDICATORS
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
POSITION (LOCATION)
A Unified Approach to Joint
Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and
Event Location with a 3D Earth
Model
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
POSITRON ANNIHILATION
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
POSITRONS
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
POSTURE
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRAT-
EGY: Key Improvements Are Needed to
Strengthen the Nation’s Posture
POTENTIAL THEORY
Coherent Atom Optics with Optical Potentials: A Summary of New Phenomena with Bose-Einstein Condensates at the
University of Arizona
POWER AMPLIFIERS
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
POWER CONDITIONING
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
POWER LINES
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
POWER SPECTRA
Spectrally-Temporally Adapted Spectrally Modulated Spectrally Encoded
(SMSE) Waveform Design for Coexistent
CR-Based SDR Applications
PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY)
The Origin of Monsoons: The Role of
Continental-Scale Landmass
PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of
Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
PREDICTIONS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing
Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
Learning Latent Variable and Predictive
Models of Dynamical Systems
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
PREFORMS
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating
Tank
Launch-Vehicle Fuel
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
A-61
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
Interstellar Medium
PRESSURE EFFECTS
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
PRESSURE VESSELS
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
PRETREATMENT
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
PREVENTION
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS
An Unsupervised Learning Approach for
Facial Expression Recognition using
Semi-Definite Programming and Generalized Principal Component Analysis
PRIVACY
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
PROBABILITY THEORY
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing
Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic
Composite Fatigue
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
PROBLEM SOLVING
Human-agent Collaboration Ontology
(HACON) (trademark): Implications for
Designing Naturalistic C2 Decision Systems
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
PROCEDURES
Best Practices in the Navy’s Energy Programs Strategic Communication Factors
Operating in the Tactical Forces
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
PROCUREMENT
Department of the Navy Information
Management & Information Technology
Strategic Plan. FY 2008-2009. Mid-cyle update
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
PRODUCTIVITY
An Analysis of Operating Room Performance Metrics at Reynolds Army Community Hospital
PROGNOSIS
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
PROGRAM VERIFICATION (COMPUT-
ERS)
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for guages
Security-typed Lan-
Profiling Systems Using the Defining
Characteristics of Systems of Systems
(SoS)
PROJECTILES
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
PROPELLANTS
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
PROPORTIONAL COUNTERS
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURA-
TIONS
Distributed Propulsion: New Opportunities for an Old Concept
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Distributed Propulsion: New Opportunities for an Old Concept
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
PROSTATE GLAND
Calpain-Dependent Proteolysis of the
Androgen Receptor
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for
Recurrence of Androgen-Independent
Prostate Cancer
DRF as a Cholesterol Dependent Regulator of Src in Prostate Cancer
Elucidating the Role of Translocator Protein in Prostate Cancer
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Identification of Molecular Receptors for
Therapeutic Targeting in Prostate Cancer
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
Integration of Diagnostic and Interventional MRI for the Study of Persistent
Prostate Cancer after External Beam Radiotherapy
A-62
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine
Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell
Death in Prostate Cancer
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to
Protein Kinase C
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising
PSA and Their Spouses: Treatment Decision Making and Quality of Life
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
Structure and Function of the Splice Variants of TMPRSS2-ERG, a Prevalent Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer
Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Telomere Length as a Predictor of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
PROTEASE
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
PROTECTION
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
Federal Building and Facility Security
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
Reputation-Based Trust for a Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection
Scheme for Power Networks
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
PROTECTIVE COATINGS
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
PROTEINS
Designing Spider Silk Proteins for Materials Applications
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Elucidating the Role of Translocator Protein in Prostate Cancer
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to
Protein Kinase C
Recruitment & Regulation of N-Wasp by
F-Bar Family Member CIP4 in Invasive
Breast Cancer Cells
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
PROTEOME
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of
Breast
PROTEUS
Proteus: New Insights for a New Age.
The Proteus Futures Academic Workshop (CSL, Issue Paper, Volume 10-06,
October 2006)
PROTOCOL (COMPUTERS)
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
PROTONS
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
PROTOSTARS
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
PROTOTYPES
Configuration Tool Prototype for the
Trusted Computing Exemplar
Project
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
PROTOZOA
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
PSYCHIATRY
Inpatient Mental Health Recaptre using
Dod/VA Sharing
PSYCHOACOUSTICS
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
Mental Health Advisory Team (MHAT) 6
-- Operation Enduring Freedom 2009 Afghanistan
PSYCHOLOGY
Developing Rational-Empirical Views of
Intelligent Adaptive Behavior
PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
PUBLIC HEALTH
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
PULMONARY FUNCTIONS
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
PULSARS
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
FSSC Science Tools: Pulsar Analysis
A-63
PULSE DURATION
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
PULSE RATE
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
PULSED LASERS
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic
Materials
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
PULSED PLASMA THRUSTERS
Thrust and Performance Study of Micro
Pulsed Plasma Thrusters
PUMPS
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Sideload vanes for fluid pump
PUPILS
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
PURINES
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
PURITY
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
PYRIDINES
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
PYRIMIDINES
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
Q FACTORS
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
QUADRATURES
Improving Low Order, Linear, Positive
Spatial Quadratures for the Partial Current Neutron Transport Method
QUALITY CONTROL
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Profiling Systems Using the Defining
Characteristics of Systems of Systems
(SoS)
QUANTUM COMPUTATION
Quantum Computing Graduate Research Program: Gradiometer INS-
QUID
QUANTUM DOTS
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
QUARTZ
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
QUASARS
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
QUEUEING THEORY
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
RACES (ANTHROPOLOGY)
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
RADAR ANTENNAS
Structural Response of the Slotted
Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure
Components Under Compression
RADAR DATA
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
RADAR EQUIPMENT
Environmental Assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
Cooperative-Engagement-
Capability/PATRIOT (CEC/PATRIOT) Interoperability Test
RADAR IMAGERY
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
RADIANCE
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Active Camouflage of Underwater Assets
(ACUA)
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for
RaDyO)
RaDyO (Hi Fi
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
RADIANT FLUX DENSITY
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
RADIANT HEATING
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
RADIATION DOSAGE
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
RADIATION MEASUREMENT
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information August 2009
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information July 2009
RADIATION SHIELDING
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
RADIATION SPECTRA
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
RADIATION THERAPY
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
Integration of Diagnostic and Interventional MRI for the Study of Persistent
Prostate Cancer after External Beam Radiotherapy
A-64
RADIATION TRANSPORT
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
RADIATIVE TRANSFER
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
RADIO BEACONS
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
RADIO FREQUENCIES
An Automatic Measurement System for
RF Pulse Stability Parameters
Comments on the Slip Factor and the
Relation Delta Phi equal Negative H
Delta Theta
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Human Ears Inspired Passive Microwave
Direction Finding
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
Photonic Synthesis and Processing of
Ultrabroadband Radio-Frequency Waveforms
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE
Interference Aware Spectrum Allocation in IEEE 802.22 Wireless Mesh Networks
Interference Rejection and Management
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
RADIO RECEIVERS
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
RADIO SIGNALS
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
RADIO TRANSMISSION
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
RADIO TRANSMITTERS
Spectrally-Temporally Adapted Spectrally Modulated Spectrally Encoded
(SMSE) Waveform Design for Coexistent
CR-Based SDR Applications
RADIOACTIVE DECAY
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site
Waste Sources
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
RADIOGRAPHY
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
RADIOMETERS
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
RADIOTELEPHONES
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Interference Aware Spectrum Allocation in IEEE 802.22 Wireless Mesh Networks
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
RAIN FORESTS
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
RAMAN SPECTRA
A Nanosensor for Explosives Detection
Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) and Surfaced-Enhanced
Raman Scattering (SERS)
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid
Polymers
RANDOM VARIABLES
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
RANGEFINDING
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
Passive Ranging Using Infra-Red Atmospheric Attenuation
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
RANGELANDS
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
RARE GASES
Calculation of Collisional Cross Sections for the 2P3/2 - 2P1/2 Transition in Alkali-
Noble Gas Systems
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
RATIOS
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the
Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
RATS
Oxytocin and Social Support as Synergistic Inhibitors of Aversive Fear Conditioning and Fear-Potentiated Startle in
Male Rats
RAYLEIGH WAVES
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
RDX
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
REACTION KINETICS
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
A-65
REACTIVITY
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
REAL TIME OPERATION
Developing an Effective and Efficient
Real Time Strategy Agent for Use as a
Computer Generated Force
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
RECEIVERS
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
RECLAMATION
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
RECONFIGURABLE HARDWARE
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
RECONNAISSANCE AIRCRAFT
Prowler: Best for the Future?
RECONNAISSANCE
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
RED SHIFT
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
REFLECTANCE
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
REFRACTIVITY
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
REFUELING
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Fuel Savings Opportunities From Air Refueling
REGENERATION (PHYSIOLOGY)
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
REGIONS
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in
Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders
During RIMPAC
Surfzone Water Properties Sensor
(SWAN)
REGOLITH
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
REGULATIONS
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
REGULATORS
DRF as a Cholesterol Dependent Regulator of Src in Prostate Cancer
hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary
Epithelial Cell Survival
REINFORCED PLASTICS
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
REINFORCEMENT (STRUCTURES)
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
RELATIVITY
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
When Black Holes Collide
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
RELIABILITY
Development of a Novel Technique to
Assess the Vulnerability of Micro-
Mechnical System Components to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
NEPP Non-Volatile Memory FY09 Summary Report
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
REMOTE SENSING
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
Sensing of Coastal Waters
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing
Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
LWIR Microgrid Polarimeter for Remote
Sensing Studies
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
REMOTE SENSORS
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
A-66
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing
Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
LWIR Microgrid Polarimeter for Remote
Sensing Studies
REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a
Manduca Sexta Forewing
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
REMOVAL
Removal of the Californium Sources from the 222-S Laboratory
REPLACING
Prowler: Best for the Future?
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
South Africa’s Technology Sector
REQUIREMENTS
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
Human Systems Integration Requirements
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Advancing the State-of-the-Art in Intelligent Systems: Scientific Rigor in Our
Methods of Experimentation
AFOSR Programs in Higher Levels of
Information Fusion
Networking and Information Technology
Research and Development Program.
Supplement to the President’s Budget for
Fiscal Year 2011
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
The American Revolution in Military Affairs
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
RESEARCH FACILITIES
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information July 2009
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
The Director of Innovation. Volume 4,
March 2010
RESEARCH MANAGEMENT
Federal Research and Development
Funding: FY2011, March 10,
2010
South Africa’s Technology Sector
RESEARCH
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Quantum Computing Graduate Research Program: Gradiometer INS-
QUID
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
The Rubidium Atomic Clock and Basic
Research
RESERVOIRS
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
RESIDUAL GAS
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
RESIDUAL STRESS
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
RESIDUES
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
RESOLUTION
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
RESONANCE SCATTERING
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
RESONATORS
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Defense Medical Human Resources
System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case
Study on Compliance and Accuracy
RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
RESPONSES
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
RESTORATION
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
REVERSE ENGINEERING
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary Blurring Techniques
REYNOLDS NUMBER
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
RISK ASSESSMENT
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-
Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
Assessment, Planning, and Execution
Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
RISK MANAGEMENT
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-
Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
A-67
RISK
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
Achieving a Risk-Informed Decision-
Making Environment at NASA: The Emphasis of NASA’s Risk Management
Policy
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
Filling the Fighter Gap
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
RIVERS
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
ROADS
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
ROBOTICS
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling
Techniques
Army Robotics Technology: Evolution of
Autonomy
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
Learning Latent Variable and Predictive
Models of Dynamical Systems
Lifelike Robotic Collaboration requires
Lifelike Information Integration
Measuring Cooperative Robotic Systems
Using Simulation-Based Virtual Environment
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
Representing Ground Robotic Systems in Battlefield Simulations
The Collins Center Update. Volume 8,
Issue 3, April-June 2006
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
ROBOTS
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Developing an Overwatching Fires Mission for a Team of Unmanned Ground
Vehicles
Developing Rational-Empirical Views of
Intelligent Adaptive Behavior
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for
Autonomous Mobile Robots
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
Lifelike Robotic Collaboration requires
Lifelike Information Integration
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
Task Performance Metrics in Human-
Robot Interaction: Taking a Systems Approach
ROCKET ENGINES
Design of a Film Cooling Experiment for
Rocket Engines
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
ROCKET LAUNCHING
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
ROCKET VEHICLES
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and
Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
RODENTS
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
ROOFS
Performance Characteristics of a Kernel-
Space Packet Capture Module
ROOMS
An Analysis of Operating Room Performance Metrics at Reynolds Army Community Hospital
ROTARY WING AIRCRAFT
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities
Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
ROTATION
Mental Rotation, Pictured Rotation, and
Tandem Rotation in Depth
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
ROTOR DYNAMICS
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
ROTORS
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads
Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic
Composite Fatigue
A-68
ROUTES
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
Randomized Routing as a Regularized
Solution to the Route Cost Minimization
Problem
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
RUBIDIUM
Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standards for GPS Block IIR
The Rubidium Atomic Clock and Basic
Research
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
S MATRIX THEORY
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
S WAVES
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
SAFETY FACTORS
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
SAFETY
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
Test Safety and Efficiency
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
Nitroglycerine (NG) Stability Test. Its
Function and Issues a Dilemma of the
Producer. Can We Circumvent it for Better Safety?
SAMPLERS
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
SAMPLING
An Empirical Study of Re-sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error
Estimates in Split-plot Designs
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
SANDS
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
SANDWICH STRUCTURES
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
SAPPHIRE
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
Message Bus Architectures - Simplicity in the Right Places
SATELLITE DESIGN
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
SATELLITE NETWORKS
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
SATELLITE TEMPERATURE
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
SATURN 5 LAUNCH VEHICLES
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
SCALE MODELS
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
SCALERS
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
SCATTERING FUNCTIONS
Laboratory Verification of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS): Particulate Volume Scattering Function and Turbulence
Properties of the Flow
SCATTERING
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for RaDyO (Hi Fi
RaDyO)
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering
Parameters in Northern Eurasia
SCHEDULES
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
SCHEDULING
A Case Study on TRICARE Online Webenabled Appointing: Improving Utilization
Rates at Navy Medical Treatment Facilities
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
SCHOOLS
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
SCINTILLATION COUNTERS
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn-1 and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
SCINTILLATION
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
SEA LEVEL
Sea Level Operation Demonstration of
F404-GE-400 Turbofan Engine with JP-
5/Bio-Fuel Mixture
SEA WATER
Parallel Measurements of Light Scattering and Characterization of Marine Particles in Water: An Evaluation of Methodology
SEAS
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Dynamic Features and Identification of
Regional Seismic Signals From Dead
Sea Calibration Shots
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
SECONDARY EMISSION
Stimulated Electron Desorption Studies from Microwave Vacuum Electronics /
High Power Microwave Materials
A-69
SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROM-
ETRY
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
SECULAR VARIATIONS
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
SECURITY
Advanced Cyber Attack Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for guages
Security-typed Lan-
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary niques
Blurring Tech-
CYBERSECURITY: Continued Efforts
Are Needed to Protect Information Systems From Evolving Threats
DoD’s Collaborative Approach to Developing Biometrics Standards
Enabling Coordination During Security,
Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
Federal Building and Facility Security
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
How America Can Look Within to
Achieve Energy Security and Reduce
Global Warming
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRAT-
EGY: Key Improvements Are Needed to
Strengthen the Nation’s Posture
Proteus: New Insights for a New Age.
The Proteus Futures Academic Workshop (CSL, Issue Paper, Volume 10-06,
October 2006)
Report to Congress on Energy Security
Initiatives
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
The Collins Center Update. Volume 8,
Issue 3, April-June 2006
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
SEDIMENTS
Backscattering and Polarization Properties of Marine Particles -- Instrument Development and Field Work
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
SEISMIC ENERGY
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
SEISMIC WAVES
A Unified Approach to Joint
Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and
Event Location with a 3D Earth
Model
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Dynamic Features and Identification of
Regional Seismic Signals From Dead
Sea Calibration Shots
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
SEISMOGRAMS
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
SEISMOGRAPHS
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
Seismic Detection Using Mini Seismometer
Three-Axis Seismometer
SEISMOLOGY
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Controls on Earthquake Rupture and
Triggering Mechanisms in Subduction
Zones
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
Robust, Extensible Representation of
Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
Seismic Characterization of Northeast
Asia
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
SELECTION
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of
Frame of Choice for Retired Service
Members
A-70
SELF ORGANIZING SYSTEMS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer Composites
SEMANTICS
University of Padua at TREC 2009: Relevance Feedback Track
SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
SEMICONDUCTORS (MATERIALS)
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
Test Safety and Efficiency
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
SENSITIVITY
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
Combinations of Novel Histone Deacetylase and Bcr-Abl Inhibitors in the Therapy of Imatinib Mesylate-Sensitive and
-Refractory Bcr-Abl Expressing Leukemia
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface
Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
Modeling Travel-Time Correlations
Based on Sensitivity Kernels and Correlated Velocity Anomalies
SERUMS
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE
Message Bus Architectures - Simplicity in the Right Places
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
SERVOMOTORS
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
SET THEORY
A Native Intelligence Metric for Artificial
Systems
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
Uncertainty Modeling for Database Design using Intuitionistic and Rough Set
Theory
SEYFERT GALAXIES
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
SHALLOW WATER
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Hyperspectral Very Shallow Water
(VSW) Products
SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
SHAPES
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
Pulse Shape Correlation for Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR)
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
Visual object recognition and tracking
SHEAR LAYERS
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
SHEAR STRENGTH
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
SHELTERS
Strategic Alliances: Government and Industry
SHIELDING
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
SHIPS
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
SHIPYARDS
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
SHIVERING
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
SHOCK WAVES
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
SHORT TAKEOFF AIRCRAFT
Prowler: Best for the Future?
SICKNESSES
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
SIEVES
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
SIGNAL DETECTION
Effects of Channel Mismatches on
Beamforming and Signal Detection
InfraMonitor: A Tool for Regional Infrasound Monitoring
SIGNAL DETECTORS
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface
Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
SIGNAL FADING
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
SIGNAL PROCESSING
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Interference Rejection and Management
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Survey of Diagnostic Techniques for Dynamic Components
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
A-71
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
SIGNATURES
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
SILICIDES
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
SILICON CARBIDES
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
SILICON FILMS
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
SILICON
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
SILK
Designing Spider Silk Proteins for Materials Applications
SILOXANES
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
SIMULATION
A Computational Cluster for Advanced
Plasma Physics Simulations
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Computational Simulation of High Energy Density Plasmas
Developing an Overwatching Fires Mission for a Team of Unmanned Ground
Vehicles
Enhancing Simulation-Based Training
Adversary Tactics Via Evolution (ES-
TATE)
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
Measuring Cooperative Robotic Systems
Using Simulation-Based Virtual Environment
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Representing Ground Robotic Systems in Battlefield Simulations
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Simulation Analysis of High Velocity
Maintenance for the B-1B
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Simulation for Dynamic Situation Awareness and Prediction III
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
SIMULATORS
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
SINGLE CRYSTALS
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
SINGLE EVENT UPSETS
Reprogrammable field programmable gate array with integrated system for mitigating effects of single event upsets
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation
Sounds
to Low-Intensity
NASA’s Participation in Joint SatOPS
Compatibility Efforts 2009-2010
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative
Transfer of Situational Understanding
The American Revolution in Military Affairs
SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
SKULL
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 5: Construction of the Human Head Model
SLEEP DEPRIVATION
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
SLENDER CONES
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
SLEWING
Analysis of Slewing and Attitude Determination Requirements for CTEx
SLIDING
Comments on the Slip Factor and the
Relation Delta Phi equal Negative H
Delta Theta
SLOT ANTENNAS
Structural Response of the Slotted
Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure
Components Under Compression
SMOOTHING
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
SOCIAL FACTORS
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in
Systems
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
A-72
SODIUM
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport
Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat
Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Collaborative Critical Thinking
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures
(TTP)
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
A Language Use Perspective on the Design of Human-Computer Interaction
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary Blurring Techniques
Evaluating the Software Design of a
Complex System of Systems
Measurement and Analysis Infrastructure
Diagnostic (MAID) Evaluation Criteria,
Version 1.0
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Robust, Extensible Representation of
Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
SOFTWARE RELIABILITY
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
SOFTWARE REUSE
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
SOIL MECHANICS
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
SOIL MOISTURE
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
SOIL SCIENCE
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
SOILS
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
SOLAR ACTIVITY EFFECTS
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
SOLAR ACTIVITY
Exploring Solar Flares with Gamma Rays and Neutrons
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
SOLAR ARRAYS
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
SOLAR CELLS
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
SOLAR COLLECTORS
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
SOLAR CORONA
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
SOLAR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
SOLAR CYCLES
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
SOLAR ENERGY
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
SOLAR FLARES
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
Exploring Solar Flares with Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
SOLAR HEATING
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELD
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
SOLAR OBSERVATORIES
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
SOLAR ORBITS
NASA’s STEREO Mission
SOLAR PHYSICS
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance
Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow
Solar Wind Regions
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
SOLAR RADIATION
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
A-73
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
SOLAR SYSTEM
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
SOLAR WIND
A Comparative Examination of Plasmoid
Structure and Dynamics at Mercury,
Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance
Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow
Solar Wind Regions
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
NASA’s STEREO Mission
Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron
Dropouts: Signatures of Magnetic Connection to the Sun, Disconnection, or
Interchange Reconnection?
SOLAR X-RAYS
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
SOLID STATE DEVICES
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
SOLIDS
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
SOLVENTS
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
SONAR
A Brief History of Active Sonar
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
SORBENTS
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere Revitalization Technology
SOUND PRESSURE
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
SOUND PROPAGATION
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
SOUND TRANSMISSION
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation
Sounds
to Low-Intensity
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
SOUND WAVES
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface
Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
Quality Controlling Surfzone Acoustic
Doppler Velocimeter Observations to Estimate the Turbulent Dissipation
Rate
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
SOUNDING ROCKETS
ExFiT Flight Design and Structural Modeling for FalconLAUNCH VIII Sounding
Rocket
SOUNDS (TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES)
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington
SOUTH KOREA
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
SOYUZ SPACECRAFT
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
SPACE COMMUNICATION
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
SPACE DEBRIS
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
SPACE EXPLORATION
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
SPACE FLIGHT STRESS
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
SPACE FLIGHT
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
SPACE INFRARED TELESCOPE FACIL-
ITY
Extrasolar Planets Observed with JWST and the ELTs
SPACE MISSIONS
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Organizational Options for the Future
Aerospace Force
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
SPACE PROGRAMS
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic
Composite Fatigue
SPACE SHUTTLE MISSIONS
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITERS
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
A-74
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
SPACE SHUTTLES
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
SPACE SUITS
Abrasion Testing of Candidate Outer
Layer Fabrics for Lunar EVA Space
Suits
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
SPACE WEATHER
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
SPACEBORNE ASTRONOMY
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
FSSC Science Tools: Pulsar Analysis
SPACEBORNE TELESCOPES
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients
Plane
Near the Galactic
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
SPACECRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERI-
ALS
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
SPACECRAFT CONTROL
A Modified Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) High Gain Antenna (HGA)
Controller Based on Flight Performance
SPACECRAFT DESIGN
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
SPACECRAFT DOCKING
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENTS
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTS
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and
Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
SPACECRAFT MODULES
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
SPACECRAFT ORBITS
NASA’s STEREO Mission
SPACECRAFT SHIELDING
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
SPACECREWS
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
SPACE-TIME FUNCTIONS
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
SPARE PARTS
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
SPATIAL RESOLUTION
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
SPECIFICATIONS
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities
Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
SPECTRAL THEORY
A Scalable Spectral Element Eulerian
Atmospheric Model (SEE-AM) for NWP:
Dynamical Core Tests
SPECTRA
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Interference Aware Spectrum Allocation in IEEE 802.22 Wireless Mesh Networks
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
SPECTROMETERS
Investigation of a Novel Compact Vibration Isolation System for Space Applications
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid
Polymers
SPECTROSCOPIC TELESCOPES
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
SPECTROSCOPY
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
Scene Change Artifacts in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Temporally Changing Sources
SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
SPHERES
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
SPIDERS
Designing Spider Silk Proteins for Materials Applications
SPILLING
Standardization and Implementation of a
Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical Command
SPIN DYNAMICS
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
SPINE
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
SPIN
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
SPIRAL ANTENNAS
Hybrid Log Spiral With Loop Antenna
SPRAYED COATINGS
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
SPRAYERS
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
A-75
SPUTTERING
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
SQUID (DETECTORS)
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
STABILITY TESTS
Nitroglycerine (NG) Stability Test. Its
Function and Issues a Dilemma of the
Producer. Can We Circumvent it for Better Safety?
STABILITY
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
Nitroglycerine (NG) Stability Test. Its
Function and Issues a Dilemma of the
Producer. Can We Circumvent it for Better Safety?
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming
Ability and Stability of Ternary and some
Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
Snap-Through Instability Patterns in
Truss Structures
STANDARDIZATION
DoD Biometric Conformity Assessment
Initiative
NASA’s Participation in Joint SatOPS
Compatibility Efforts 2009-2010
Standardization and Implementation of a
Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical Command
STANDARDS
Joint Technical Support Document: Rulemaking to Establish Light-Duty Vehicle
Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Standards
STANDING WAVES
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
STARS
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
Photoionization Modeling
STEELS
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for
High Cycle Fatigue
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
STELLAR ENVELOPES
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
STELLAR EVOLUTION
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
STELLAR MODELS
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
STELLAR SPECTRA
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
STELLAR WINDS
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
STEM CELLS
Characterization of Human Mammary
Epithelial Stem Cells
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
STEREO (OBSERVATORY)
NASA’s STEREO Mission
STIFFNESS
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
STIRLING CYCLE
Test Rack Development for Extended
Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
STIRLING ENGINES
Test Rack Development for Extended
Operation of Advanced Stirling Convertors at NASA Glenn Research Center
STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer Composites
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Global Optimization via SPSA
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell
Model of Turbulence
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and Control
STOCKPILING
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship,
Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
STRAIN DISTRIBUTION
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
STRAIN HARDENING
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
STRAIN RATE
Effects of Prior Aging at 260 deg C in
Argon on Inelastic Deformation Behavior of PMR-15 Polymer at 260 deg C: Experiment and Modeling
STRATEGY
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
STRATOSPHERE
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
STRESS CORROSION
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
STRESS (PSYCHOLOGY)
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
STRINGERS
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
STROUHAL NUMBER
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
STRUCTURAL BASINS
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
A-76
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating
Tank
Launch-Vehicle Fuel
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Structural Health Monitoring Pertaining to Critical Aircraft Structural Components
STRUCTURAL WEIGHT
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
STUDENTS
The Internship: The Practice Field of
Professional Training
SUBDUCTION (GEOLOGY)
Controls on Earthquake Rupture and
Triggering Mechanisms in Subduction
Zones
SUBSTRATES
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
SUCTION
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
SULFATES
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
SULFURIC ACID
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
SULFUR
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
SUMMER
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
SUNSPOT CYCLE
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
SUN
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron
Dropouts: Signatures of Magnetic Connection to the Sun, Disconnection, or
Interchange Reconnection?
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
SUPERCOMPUTERS
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
SUPERCONDUCTORS (MATERIALS)
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION RAMJET
ENGINES
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
SUPERSONIC WIND TUNNELS
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Manpower Cost Analysis of a Distributed
En Route Support Structure versus a
Consolidated En Route Support Structure
The Air Land Sea Bulletin. Issue No.
2010-1, January 2010
SUPPRESSORS
Expression of Endogenous Suppressors of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer
SURFACE LAYERS
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
SURFACE PROPERTIES
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial
Behavior of Nanoscale Systems
SURFACE REACTIONS
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
SURFACE ROUGHNESS
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
SURFACE TEMPERATURE
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
SURFACE TENSION DRIVEN CONVEC-
TION
Droplet transport system and methods
SURFACE TO AIR MISSILES
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
SURFACE WAVES
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Increasing the Sensitivity of Surface
Acoustic Wave (SAW) Chemical Sensors and other Chemical Sensing Investigations
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
SURGERY
An Analysis of Operating Room Performance Metrics at Reynolds Army Community Hospital
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
Policy Analysis of Surgical Utilization at
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
SURVEILLANCE
A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a
Manduca Sexta Forewing
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying
Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
SURVEYS
Food and Drug Administration: Opportunities Exist to Better Address Management Challenges
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
A-77
Survey of Diagnostic Techniques for Dynamic Components
SURVIVAL hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary
Epithelial Cell Survival
SWITCHES
Cross-differential amplifier
SWITCHING
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
SYMMETRY
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI
Mission
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Neural Regulation of Breast Cancer Metastasis
SYNCHRONISM
System and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs
The Process of Achieving Collaborative
Knowledge in Asynchronous Collaboration (CASC)
SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
SYNTHETIC FUELS
Department of Defense Report to Congress on Synthetic Fuel Utilization
SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation
Detection System
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
JESPP: Joint Experimentation on Scalable Parallel Processors Supercomputers
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed
T&
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
SYSTEM FAILURES
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
Accelerated Insertion of Materials - Composites
Air and Space Power Journal. Volume
18, Number 1, Spring 2004
An Automatic Measurement System for
RF Pulse Stability Parameters
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
Ares 1-X Roll Control System Development
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
Structured Approach to the Intelligent
System Design
SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
Human Systems Integration Requirements
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
TACTICS
Enhancing Simulation-Based Training
Adversary Tactics Via Evolution (ES-
TATE)
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures
(TTP)
V-22, Great Bumpersticker, But What
Can It Do?
TAKEOFF
Prowler: Best for the Future?
TANDEM MIRRORS
Magnetic Mirror Fusion-Fission Early
History and Applicability to other Systems
TARGET ACQUISITION
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode Hybrid Nanoparticle
Probe
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
TARGET RECOGNITION
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
TARGETS
Computational Simulation of High Energy Density Plasmas
Development of Clinic Specific Physical
Therapy Efficiency Targets Based on
Clinic Specific Metrics
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
A-78
TASKS
Task Performance Metrics in Human-
Robot Interaction: Taking a Systems Approach
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
TATB
Campaign 2 Level 2 Milestone Review
2009: Milestone Number 3132 Determine Sustainable TATB Source and Processing Options, and Potential Binder
Options
TECHNOLOGIES
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
South Africa’s Technology Sector
TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION
Investigation of a Novel Compact Vibration Isolation System for Space Applications
The American Revolution in Military Affairs
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
TECTONICS
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
TELECOMMUNICATION
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Enabling Coordination During Security,
Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation to Low-Intensity
Sounds
Future Directions in Space IT
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
TELEMEDICINE
Telerehabilitation for OIF/OEF Returnees with Combat-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
TELEMETRY
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command
Exchange Tutorial
TELESCOPES
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
TELOMERES
Telomere Length as a Predictor of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
TEMPERATE REGIONS
Improved Modeling of Midlatitude
D-Region Ionospheric Absorption of High
Frequency Radio Signals During Solar
X-Ray Flares
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Investigation of Thermal Management and Metamaterials
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Thermally driven piston assembly and position control therefor
TEMPERATURE PROFILES
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
TEMPLATES
Joint Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
System Engineering Organization
(JSSEO) Standard Event Test Readiness
Report Template
TEMPORAL RESOLUTION
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
TENSOR ANALYSIS
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
TENSORS
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
TERRA SPACECRAFT
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
TERRAIN
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
TERRORISM
Key Response Planning Factors for the
Aftermath of Nuclear Terrorism
Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as
Federal Coordinating Center, National
Disaster Medical System: An Analysis of
Activation Preparedness
Preparedness
Event
for a CBRNE
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
TEST CHAMBERS
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
TEST FACILITIES
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for
Autonomous Mobile Robots
Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed
T&
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
A-79
TETRAHEDRONS
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments. Attachment 2: Matrix Elements of Volumetric Integral Operators in
Acoustics and Elasticity for Node-Based
Basis Functions on Tetrahedral Supports
TEXTURES
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
THEORETICAL PHYSICS
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
THERAPY
Combinations of Novel Histone Deacetylase and Bcr-Abl Inhibitors in the Therapy of Imatinib Mesylate-Sensitive and
-Refractory Bcr-Abl Expressing Leukemia
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
Development of Clinic Specific Physical
Therapy Efficiency Targets Based on
Clinic Specific Metrics
Exploration of the Use of Epigenetic
Therapy to Enhance the Effectiveness of
Taxol Treatment
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src Targeted
Therapy
Identification of Molecular Receptors for
Therapeutic Targeting in Prostate Cancer
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Regulation of the Inflammasome, a
Modulator of Caspase-1 Mediated Cytokine Production
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
Endocrine Responsiveness
THERMAL ANALYSIS
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Efficient thermoelectric device
Investigation of Thermal Management and Metamaterials
THERMAL DEGRADATION
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
THERMAL ENERGY
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Engineering Design Elements of a Two-
Phase Thermosyphon to Trannsfer
NGNP Thermal Energy to a Hydrogen
Plant
THERMAL EXPANSION
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
THERMAL FATIGUE
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
THERMAL NEUTRONS
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
THERMAL PROTECTION
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
Abrasion Testing of Candidate Outer
Layer Fabrics for Lunar EVA Space
Suits
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
THERMAL RADIATION
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
THERMAL SHOCK
Environmental Stress Testing of the
Single Sample Cylinder: A Proven Consensus Standard for Internal Gas Analysis (IGA) or Residual Gas Analysis
(RGA)
THERMAL STABILITY
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
THERMAL VACUUM TESTS
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
THERMOCAPILLARY MIGRATION
Droplet transport system and methods
THERMOCOUPLES
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Investigation of Thermal Management and Metamaterials
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
(Fe1-
Al-
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
THERMODYNAMICS
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
THERMOELECTRICITY
Efficient thermoelectric device
THERMOREGULATION
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
THERMOSIPHONS
Engineering Design Elements of a Two-
Phase Thermosyphon to Trannsfer
NGNP Thermal Energy to a Hydrogen
Plant
THIN FILMS
AFM-Patterned 2-D Thin-Film Photonic
Crystal Analyzed by Complete Angle
Scatter
Flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
THREE DIMENSIONAL MODELS
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
A-80
A Unified Approach to Joint
Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and
Event Location with a 3D Earth
Model
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the Precipitation Processes
THRESHOLD VOLTAGE
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
THRUST
Thrust and Performance Study of Micro
Pulsed Plasma Thrusters
TIDES
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
TILT ROTOR AIRCRAFT
V-22, Great Bumpersticker, But What
Can It Do?
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
TIME DEPENDENCE
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS
Conversational Interfaces: A Domain-
Independent Architecture for Task-
Oriented Dialogues
TIME MEASUREMENT
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Measurement of Time Varying Volume
Scatter
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
TIME OF FLIGHT SPECTROMETERS
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
FSSC Science Tools: Pulsar Analysis
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
TIME SIGNALS
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
TIME TEMPERATURE PARAMETER
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
TITANIUM ALLOYS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
TITANIUM BORIDES
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
TITANIUM
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
TOMOGRAPHY
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
TOROIDAL PLASMAS
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
TORPEDOES
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
TOUCHDOWN
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
TOUGHNESS
Engineered Nanostructures for Optimal
Strength and Toughness
TOWING
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
TOXIC HAZARDS
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
TOXICITY
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
TOXICOLOGY
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
TRACKING (POSITION)
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
TRADEOFFS
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying
Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
TRAINING EVALUATION
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
TRAJECTORIES
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
TRAJECTORY CONTROL
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
A-81
TRANSDUCERS
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
Seismic Detection Using Mini Seismometer
TRANSFERRING
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
TRANSFUSION
Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
Management Program in the Mike
O’Callaghan Federal Hospital
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
TRANSISTORS
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
TRANSITION METALS
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
TRANSMISSION LINES
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
TRANSMISSION LOSS
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
TRANSMITTER RECEIVERS
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
TRANSMITTERS
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
TRANSPARENCE
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
TRANSPORT THEORY
Improving Low Order, Linear, Positive
Spatial Quadratures for the Partial Current Neutron Transport Method
TRAPPED PARTICLES
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
TREADMILLS
Treadmill Exercise Within LBNP as an
Integrated Coutermeasure to Microgravity
TRIANGLES
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
TROPICAL REGIONS
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range tion
Biothreat Agents Detec-
TROPICAL STORMS
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
TRUCKS
Corporate Average Fuel Economy for MY
2012-MY 2016 Passenger Cars and
Light Trucks. Final Regulatory Impact
Analysis
Final Environmental Impact Statement:
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks,
Model Years 2012-2016
TRUSSES
Snap-Through Instability Patterns in
Truss Structures
TSUNAMI WAVES
Tsunami Detection System
TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
TUMORS
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
DRF as a Cholesterol Dependent Regulator of Src in Prostate Cancer
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
LL-37 Recruits Immunosuppressive
Regulatory T Cells to Ovarian Tumors
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
DNA Repair and Breast Tumor Suppression
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
TUNING
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network
Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision
Making for an Abstract Game
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
TURBIDITY
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
TURBINE BLADES
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
TURBINE ENGINES
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
TURBINES
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
TURBOFAN ENGINES
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
Sea Level Operation Demonstration of
F404-GE-400 Turbofan Engine with JP-
5/Bio-Fuel Mixture
TURBOFANS
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
A-82
TURBOMACHINERY
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
TURBULENCE EFFECTS
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
TURBULENCE
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
Laboratory Verification of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS): Particulate Volume Scattering Function and Turbulence
Properties of the Flow
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell
Model of Turbulence
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
Phase Unwrapping in the Presence of
Strong Turbulence
Quality Controlling Surfzone Acoustic
Doppler Velocimeter Observations to Estimate the Turbulent Dissipation
Rate
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
TURTLES
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
TWO DIMENSIONAL MODELS
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin
Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical Models
TYROSINE
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
ULTRAHIGH FREQUENCIES
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
ULTRASONICS
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
Ultrasound-assisted Micro-emulsion
Synthesis of a Highly Active Nanoparticle Catalyst
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
UNDERGROUND EXPLOSIONS
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion
Sources
Investigation of Regional Source Properties of the Underground Nuclear Explosion in North Korea
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS
A Brief History of Active Sonar
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
UNDERWATER EXPLOSIONS
Dynamic Features and Identification of
Regional Seismic Signals From Dead
Sea Calibration Shots
UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHY
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
UNDERWATER VEHICLES
Acoustic Dopplergram for Intruder Defense
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
Increased Underwater Optical Imaging
Performance via Multiple Autonomous
Underwater Vehicles
Laser-Based Method for Docking an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle to a Submarine
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in
Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders
During RIMPAC
UNITED STATES
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Federal Building and Facility Security
Federal Research and Development
Funding: FY2011, March 10,
2010
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy
Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could
Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Unmanned Aircraft Systems Taking
Strategy to Task
UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLES
Developing an Overwatching Fires Mission for a Team of Unmanned Ground
Vehicles
UNSTEADY AERODYNAMICS
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
UNSTEADY FLOW
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
UNSWEPT WINGS
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
A-83
UPLINKING
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
UPPER ATMOSPHERE
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
URANIUM OXIDES
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
URANIUM
Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
Uranium Oxides Using Time-of-Flight
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
(TOF-SIMS)
UREAS
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
UROLITHIASIS
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
UROLOGY
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
UTILITIES
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
UTILITY AIRCRAFT
The Utility Helicopter Mission is Still Essential
V-22 AIRCRAFT
V-22, Great Bumpersticker, But What
Can It Do?
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
VACCINES
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
VACUUM
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Packaging Concerns and Techniques for
Large Devices: Challenges for Complex
Electronics
Stimulated Electron Desorption Studies from Microwave Vacuum Electronics /
High Power Microwave Materials
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
VANADIUM ALLOYS
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
VANADIUM COMPOUNDS
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
VANADIUM
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
VANES
Sideload vanes for fluid pump
VAPOR DEPOSITION
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
VAPOR PRESSURE
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
VARIABILITY
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
Variability in Turbine Engine Materials
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY08 Year
End Report
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY09 Year
End Report
VECTOR ANALYSIS
Configuration Tool Prototype for the
Trusted
Project
Computing Exemplar
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
VELOCITY MEASUREMENT
Quality Controlling Surfzone Acoustic
Doppler Velocimeter Observations to Estimate the Turbulent Dissipation
Rate
VERTICAL LANDING
Prowler: Best for the Future?
VERTICAL ORIENTATION
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for RaDyO (Hi Fi
RaDyO)
VERY HIGH FREQUENCIES
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION
A Design Methodology for Optoelectronic
VLSI
Performance and Power Optimization for
Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-
Submicron Very Large Scale Integration
(VLSI) Technology
VIBRATION DAMPING
Method for Reducing Flow Induced Vibration and Noise in Towed Arrays
VIBRATION ISOLATORS
Investigation of a Novel Compact Vibration Isolation System for Space Applications
VIBRATION MODE
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
VIBRATION
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid
Polymers
VIDEO SIGNALS
Deployment Effects on Children and
Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a
Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military
Families
Single sensor processing to obtain high resolution color component signals
VIRUSES
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
A-84
Mumps Parotitis and Ovarian Cancer:
Modern Significance of an Historic Association
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
VISCOUS FLOW
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
VISIBILITY
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
VISION
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
VISUAL PERCEPTION
Mental Rotation, Pictured Rotation, and
Tandem Rotation in Depth
Point-Light Visualization Developer, Version 1.0 User Guide
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
VOICE COMMUNICATION
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation to Low-Intensity
Sounds
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
V/STOL AIRCRAFT
Prowler: Best for the Future?
VULNERABILITY
Cyberterrorism: The Silent Threat
Development of a Novel Technique to
Assess the Vulnerability of Micro-
Mechnical System Components to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
WAFERS
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
WAKES
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
WALLS
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
WARFARE
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19,
Number 3, Fall 2005
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Cnth\nthXYZ, TACS, and Air Battle Management: The Search for Operational
Doctrine
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Joint Strike Fighter: Significant Challenges and Decisions Ahead
Operation Allied Force: The View from
Beijing
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
The Future Antiarmor Capabilities of the
Ground Combat Element
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
Visualizing War Visual Technologies and
Military Campaign Planning
WARNING SYSTEMS
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
WASHING
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site
Waste Sources
WASTE TREATMENT
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
WASTE WATER
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
WATER COLOR
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
WATER INJECTION
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
WATER QUALITY
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
WATER TREATMENT
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
WATER VAPOR
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
WATER WAVES
COAMPS High Resolution Three-way
Air-Ocean-Wave Hurricane Simulation.
ESMF Annual Report 2009
WATER
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Surfzone Water Properties Sensor
(SWAN)
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
WATERWAYS
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
WAVE ATTENUATION
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
WAVE DISPERSION
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
WAVE EQUATIONS
High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
WAVE FRONTS
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
WAVE PROPAGATION
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
A-85
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
WAVEFORMS
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
Photonic Synthesis and Processing of
Ultrabroadband Radio-Frequency Waveforms
Spectrally-Temporally Adapted Spectrally Modulated Spectrally Encoded
(SMSE) Waveform Design for Coexistent
CR-Based SDR Applications
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
WAVEGUIDE ANTENNAS
Structural Response of the Slotted
Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure
Components Under Compression
WAVEGUIDES
Structural Response of the Slotted
Waveguide Antenna Stiffened Structure
Components Under Compression
WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
WAVELET ANALYSIS
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
WEAPON SYSTEMS
Aero-Optical Investigation of a Pod Directed Energy System
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
WEAPONS
Inspection Report on ‘Internal Controls over Accountable Classified Removable
Electronic Media at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory’
WEAR
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
WEIBULL DENSITY FUNCTIONS
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
WEIGHT (MASS)
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
WETTING
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
WHALES
A Brief History of Active Sonar
WIDE AREA NETWORKS
Reputation-Based Trust for a Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection
Scheme for Power Networks
WIND (METEOROLOGY)
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
WIND TUNNEL TESTS
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
WIND TUNNELS
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
WING PANELS
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
WINGS
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
WIRE
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
WORKLOADS (PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY)
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the
Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZA-
TION
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
X RAY ASTRONOMY
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
X RAY ASTROPHYSICS FACILITY
Photoionization Modeling
X RAY BINARIES
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
X RAY IMAGERY
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
X RAY OPTICS
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients Near the Galactic
Plane
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
X RAY SOURCES
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
X RAY TELESCOPES
Diffractive X-Ray Telescopes
X RAY TIMING EXPLORER
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
X RAYS
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
XENON
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
A-86
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
XMM-NEWTON TELESCOPE
Photoionization Modeling
YAGI ANTENNAS
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
YAW
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
YBCO SUPERCONDUCTORS
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
YIELD POINT
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
A-87
Personal Author Index
Aaberg, R. L.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
Aalseth, Craig E.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Abdul-Aziz, Ali
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
Abe, D K
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Abramovich, Igor A
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Ackermann, Mark R.
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
Acosta, Robert J.
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
Adamovich, I V
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Adamovich, Igor
Localized arc filament plasma actuators for noise mitigation and mixing enhancement
Adams, Aubreya
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Adams, David
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Adams, Dwight L
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
Adams, Kristen E
Imaging of Ep-CAM Positive Metastatic
Cancer in the Lymph System
Adams, Scott
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Adams, William
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling
Techniques
Addis, Casey L
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
Aftosmis, Michael
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
Agastra, Pancasatya
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Agrawal, Yogesh
Backscattering and Polarization Properties of Marine Particles -- Instrument Development and Field Work
Agutter, James
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Ahmed, Samir
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Ahn, Wonsun
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Aitichou, Mohamed
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Albert, Robert
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Aldridge, David F.
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Alef, Yishai
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
C3I Information Systems
Alequabi, Ghassan I
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Alfano, R R
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Ali, Bakir S
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Allahar, Kerry
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Allen, Christopher I
Effects of Channel Mismatches on
Beamforming and Signal Detection
Allen, Theodore T
Development of Multidisciplinary, Multifidelity Analysis, Integration, and Optimization of Aerospace Vehicles
Almeraya-Calderon, F
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Amarin, R.
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Amzajerdian, Farzin
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
Anand, Akash
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
Anderson, Brian J.
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Anderson, Brian P
Coherent Atom Optics with Optical Potentials: A Summary of New Phenomena with Bose-Einstein Condensates at the
University of Arizona
Anderson, Brian
Measuring and Ensuring Performance and Information Quality in Multi-Agent
Sensor Network Systems
Anderson, Dale N
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Anderson, G P
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
Anderson, Joel R.
Monocular Passive Ranging by an Optical System with Band Pass Filtering
Anderson, Matthew O
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
Anderson, Molly
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
B-1
Anderson, Paul E.
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Anderson, S. G.
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
Anderson, Wayne A
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
Anderson, William R
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
Andrews, J R
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Angielski, J A
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Antolik, Michael S.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Antolik, Michael S
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Antone, Matthew
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Antonelli, Lynn T
Laser-Based Method for Docking an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle to a Submarine
Outboard Optical Cable Sensor System and Method
Antonsen, Jr, T M
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Antoun, Tarabay H.
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Aoki, Ichiro
Cross-differential amplifier
Archer, D.
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
Arge, C N
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Arge, C. N.
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
Arguello, Loretta
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Arias, Eduardo
Synthesis of Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics Applications
Arkin, Ronald C
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Armstrong, Tom
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Armus, L.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Armus, Lee
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Arnold, Richard
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
Arriagada, Manuel E
Performance of Scattering Matrix Decomposition and Color Spaces for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
Arrowsmith, Marie D.
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Arrowsmith, Stehen J.
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Arrowsmith, Stephen J.
InfraMonitor: A Tool for Regional Infrasound Monitoring
Arthur, Jarvis J., III
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Ashpis, David E.
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
Atlas, R.
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Austin, Eva-Marie
A Business Case Analysis Evaluating the
Percentage Types of Lost RVU Workload
Avigan, David
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Awschalom, D D
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Azoubib, J
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Babb, Ivar
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Bachand, George D.
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Badaliance, Robert
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Bagnall, Timothy
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
Bahavar, Manochehr
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Bailey, Albert W
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Bailey, D. H.
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
Bailey, Randall E.
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Baker, D. N.
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
Baker, Daniel N.
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Baker, Dewleen G
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Baker, Donald J.
Combined Load Test Fixture
B-2
Baker, John
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
When Black Holes Collide
Baker, Karen C
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Bakhtar, Khosrow
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
Balakirsky, Stephen
NOT(Faster Implementation == Better Algorithm), A Case Study
Balanis, Constantine A
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
Balasubramaniam, R.
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Balbyshev, Vsevolod
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Baldauff, R W
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Baldwin, D. L.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
Baldwin, J W
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
Baldwin, Patrick
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Baldy, Michel L
First Commercial Prototype of an Optically Pumped Cesium-Based Frequency
Standard
Ballard, Sandy
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Robust, Extensible Representation of
Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
Ballard, Sanford
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Band, Vimla hEcd, A Novel Regulator of Mammary
Epithelial Cell Survival
Barbour, Galen
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Barker, Brian W
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Barker, Glen T.
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Barker, Glenn T.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Barker, Glenn
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Barmin, Mikhail P
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
Barnard, Andrew H
Temporal and Spatial Scales of
Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River
System: Quantifying Conserved and
Non-conserved Optical Properties and
Transformations within the Estuary
Barnes, James R.
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Barnes, John H
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Barnes, P, N
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Barnett, Daniel J.
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Barone, F
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Barr, Stephanie
Evaluating Failures and near Misses in
Human Spaceflight History for Lessons for Future Human Spaceflight
Barragan, Laura
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Barragan, L.
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
Barron, Charlie N
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of
Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
Barrows, Brian
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Barry, Richard K.
A Point Spread Function for the EPOXI
Mission
Barshi, Immanuel
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
Barta, Arun
Interference Rejection and Management
Baskett, Barry J
Aeronautical Design Standard Performance Specification Handling Qualities
Requirements For Military Rotorcraft
Bass, Len
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Basu, Santimay
Global Ionospheric Processes
Batchelor, Cheryl
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in
Systems
Battaile, Corbett
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Battocchi, Dante
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Bauch, Garland T.
Project Interface Requirements Process
Including Shuttle Lessons Learned
Baune, H. L.
Removal of the Californium Sources from the 222-S Laboratory
Baxes, Gregory A.
Method and system for progressive mesh storage and reconstruction using wavelet-encoded height fields
Baxter, Karen
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Bays, Samuel
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
Beach, Theodore
Global Ionospheric Processes
Bearman, Gregory H.
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
B-3
Beasley, Joseph N
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
Beaubouef, Theresa
Uncertainty Modeling for Database Design using Intuitionistic and Rough Set
Theory
Beaudoing, Hiroko K.
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
Bechtel, James
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Beck, Steve
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Becker, Andreas
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
Beckman, David E
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO
Resolution Selection and Information-
Theoretic Sensor Tasking
Beckner, Charles
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Becnel, Alan J
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
Beeson, Harold D.
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Begert, Matthew
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
Begnaud, Michael L.
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Begnaud, Michael L
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
Begnaud, Michael L.
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Begnaud, Mike L.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Behnke, Marlana N.
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
Beling, P. A.
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
Belinsky, Martin G
COX-1 Suppression and Follicle Depletion in the Etiology of Menopause-
Associated Ovarian Cancer
Bellman, Kirstie L
Refactored Characteristics of Intelligent
Computing Systems
Belnap, Brian
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Belote, Janna M
Running Head: Evaluation of Contract
Versus VA-Staffed CBOCs. Evaluating
Contract versus VA-Staffed Community
Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) Using
Patient Satisfaction and Access Measures in the Veterans Health Administration
Bender, Chad
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Benford, Dominic J.
Pico Veleta Atmospheric Noise Limits at
Millimeter Wavelengths
Benisch, Michael
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
Benna, Mehdi
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Bennett, Theron J
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Benson, J A
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Bentley, Elizabeth S.
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
Benz, Harley
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Berg, Paul D
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19,
Number 3, Fall 2005
Berg-Cross, Gary
Developing Rational-Empirical Views of
Intelligent Adaptive Behavior
Berger, Marsha
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
Berghea, C. T.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Bergman, Eric A.
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Bergquist, J C
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Bergstrom, Austin C
Optical and Electrical Characterization of
Bulk Grown Indium-Gallium-Arsenide Alloys
Bernhardt, P A
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
Bernstein, L. A.
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship,
Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
Berry, Gerald
Austere Recovery of Cargo Gliders
Best, Christopher
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Betancourt, Aline B
LL-37 Recruits Immunosuppressive
Regulatory T Cells to Ovarian Tumors
Betz, F.
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
Bewick, Bryan T.
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
Bewick, Bryan
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
Bhalla, Kapil
Combinations of Novel Histone Deacetylase and Bcr-Abl Inhibitors in the Therapy of Imatinib Mesylate-Sensitive and
-Refractory Bcr-Abl Expressing Leukemia
Bhattacharya, Pallah
Erbium Doped Quantum Dot and Si:O and Plasmon Resonance Enabled Quantum Dot Nanoscale Lasers
Bhorkar, A A
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing
Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
B-4
Bialczak, Robert
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Biegalski, Kendra M
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
Biegalski, Steven R
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
Bierwagen, Gordon P.
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Bigl, Susan R
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
Billing, J. M.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
Bily, Mollie A
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
Biondo, Albert C
Multiple Neural Network Model Interpolation
Birch, Samuel W.
Performance Characteristics of a Kernel-
Space Packet Capture Module
Birrer, Bobby D
Developing a Qualia-Based Multi-Agent
Architecture for Use in Malware Detection
Birtcher, Craig R
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
Bisagni, Chiara
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
Bishop, C
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Bissett, W P
Continued Development of the Look-uptable (LUT) Methodology for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Ocean Color
Data
Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Hyperspectral Very Shallow Water
(VSW) Products
Biszko, Laura
Strategic Alliances: Government and Industry
Black, P. G.
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Blackman, Donna K
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
Blaisdell, John
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
Blanchette, Jr, Stephen
Evaluating the Software Design of a
Complex System of Systems
Blatny, Janet Martha
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Blattnig, Steve R.
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
Bleszynski, Elizabeth H
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Bleszynski, Marek C
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Blumberg, Alan F
Investigation of Coastal CDOM Distributions Using In-Situ and Remote Sensing
Observations and a Predictive CDOM
Fate and Transport Model
Boehm, Barry
Evaluating the Software Design of a
Complex System of Systems
Bogart, Gregory R
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Bogdanov, P P
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Boggs, William Darian
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
Bogucki, Darek J
Laboratory Verification of the Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS): Particulate Volume Scattering Function and Turbulence
Properties of the Flow
Bohnenstiehl, Del R.
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Bold, Richard
Metabolic Stress Induced by Arginine
Deprivation Induces Autophagy Cell
Death in Prostate Cancer
Bolin, M. G.
Reorganization of Marine Corps Aviation
Associated Logistics
Bollinger, J J
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Bolton, J. Stuart
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Bonner, Jessie L.
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Bonner, Jessie L
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Bonner, Jessie L.
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
Bono, Caroline
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Bontha, J. R.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
Book, Todd A
Design Analysis of a Space Based Chromotomographic Hyperspectral Imaging
Experiment
Borowski, John F.
Reputation-Based Trust for a Cooperative, Agent-Based Backup Protection
Scheme for Power Networks
Borwein, J. M.
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
Boss, Emmanuel
Backscattering and Polarization Properties of Marine Particles -- Instrument Development and Field Work
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Boston, Jonathan D
Experiments with Geometric Non-Linear
Coupling for Analytical Validation
Bostwick, Shawn
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Boucher, C.
Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies
Bouffard, Jean
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
Boul, Peter J.
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
B-5
Bowen, A
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Bower, Kraig S
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Bowers, James C
Numerical Investigation of Statistical Turbulence Effects on Beam Propagation through 2-D Shear Mixing Layer
Bowyer, Ted W.
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Bowyer, Theodore W.
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Boyce, Nathan O
Thermal Neutron Point Source Imaging using a Rotating Modulation Collimator
(RMC)
Boynton, W. V.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Bozic, H
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Brachet, Nicolas
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing
System
Bradshaw, Arthur L., Jr.
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
Braesicke, P.
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Brandon, Thomas L.
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
Braun, Robert D.
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
Brazier, Richard A
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Breakiron, Lee A
The Effects of Data Processing and Environmental Conditions on the Accuracy of the USNO Timescale
Breitbach, Richard A.
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
Brenda, Kimberly D
Changing Healthcare Industry Practices to Increase Opportunities for Covering the Uninsured and Underinsured
Brennan, Jr, Fred H
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Brenner, Donald W
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
Brickner, Ido
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
C3I Information Systems
Brickner, Michael S
Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
C3I Information Systems
Bridge, Carrie R.
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Broadhurst, D.
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
Brochu, Sylvie
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
Brock, Derek
A Language Use Perspective on the Design of Human-Computer Interaction
Brogan, Ronald
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Brooks, Jennifer
DNA Hypermethylation Patterns Detected in Serum as a Tool for Early Breast
Cancer Diagnosis
Brooks, Rebecca B.
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
Brotherton, Brett
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
Brown, C. F.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
Brown, C.
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
Brown, Daniel L.
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
Brown, Daniel R
Biosensor for Field Diagnostics
Brown, David J.
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing
System
Brown, John S
Of Battle and Disease: The East African
Campaign of 1914-18
Brown, Jonathan J.
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
Brown, Richard
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
Brown, Thomas M.
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Browning, Robert S.
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Broyles, James W
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment (DCODE)
Bruck, Jehoshua
Data transmission method
system and
Bruckner, Robert J.
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Brudnak, Mark
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
Bruemmer, David J
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
Brummelaar, Theo
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Brungart, Douglas S
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
Brunke, L
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
B-6
Bruno, Oscar P
Computational Electromagnetics Application to Small Geometric Anomalies and
Associated Ucertainty Evaluation
Bryant, Robert G.
Thermally driven piston assembly and position control therefor
Bucholtz, F
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Bucholtz, Jesse L.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Buck, Udo
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Buddemeir, B. R.
Key Response Planning Factors for the
Aftermath of Nuclear Terrorism
Buenviaje, Ben
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Bugajska, Magdalena D
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling
Techniques
Buhrman, R A
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Buhro, W. E.
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
Catalysts from Solutions to Supports
(LDRD 104111)
Bulmer, J S
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Bulyshev, Alexander
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
Bundt, Thomas S
Synchronizing U.S. Government Efforts
Toward Collaborative Health Care Policymaking in Iraq
Bungum, Hilmar
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
Bunker, Bruce C.
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Burdette, Roger
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19,
Number 3, Fall 2005
Burg, Timothy C
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
Burgess, Riley
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Burgess, Shane C
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Burke, J. T.
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship,
Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
Burke, J
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Burke, Jennifer L
Task Performance Metrics in Human-
Robot Interaction: Taking a Systems Approach
Burns, D. R.
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
Burow, Matthew E
RNA Interference Library Approach to
Identifying Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
Butcher, S T
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Buteau, Sylvie
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Butler, J E
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
Butler, Samuel D
Calculation of Collisional Cross Sections for the 2P3/2 - 2P1/2 Transition in Alkali-
Noble Gas Systems
Button, Amy B.
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
Buttrey, Samual L.
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
Butts, Kent H.
Caspian Sea International Environmental
Security Game
Buttyan, Ralph
Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Byrne, Vicky
Performance Support Tools for Space
Medical Operations
Cady, Camdon R
Static and Dynamic Component Obfuscation on Reconfigurable Devices
Cagley, Richard E
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO
Resolution Selection and Information-
Theoretic Sensor Tasking
Caiazzo, Tony
Accelerated Insertion of Materials - Composites
Cain, Clarence P
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
Cairns, Douglas S
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Calhoun, Philip
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Callahan, William H., Jr.
The Future Antiarmor Capabilities of the
Ground Combat Element
Callan, Jamie
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
Cameron, Meghan
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Camp, Jennifer J
Eyeglass Benefits: Consideration of
Frame of Choice for Retired Service
Members
Camp, Jordan
LIGO-VIRGO Triggered Follow-Up with
NASA High Energy Photon Survey Missions
Campanelli, Manuela
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
Camparo, James C
The Rubidium Atomic Clock and Basic
Research
Campbell, Greg
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Canham-Chervak, Michelle
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Cano, Roberto J.
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Cantrell, John H., Jr.
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
B-7
Cantrell, John H.
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
Cantrell, Sean A.
Analytical Model of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever Tip-Sample Surface
Interactions for Various Acoustic-Atomic
Force Microscopies
Nonlinear Dynamics of Cantilever-
Sample Interactions in Atomic Force Microscopy
Carder, Kendall L
Active Camouflage of Underwater Assets
(ACUA)
Cardoso, Fabio A
Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions
Carena, M.
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
Carlson, Bruce
Protecting Global Utilities: Safeguarding the Next Millennium’s Space-Based Public Services
Carlson, H. A.
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Carpenter, E E
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Carr, Dorthe B
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Carr, Dustin W
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Carraway, Kermit L
Expression of Endogenous Suppressors of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer
Carraway, Robert E
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to
Protein Kinase C
Carroll, Monty B.
Two-axis joint method
assembly and
Carter, Campbell D
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
Carter, Larry
Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19,
Number 3, Fall 2005
Carter, Robert W.
Gimbaled-shoulder friction stir welding tool
Cartwright, Alex N
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
Cartwright, Keith
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Cascaval, Calin
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Case, David R.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Case, Warren F.
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
Casey, Tony
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Cassella, V
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Cassimatis, Nicholas L
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling
Techniques
Castell, Linda M
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
Harsh Environments
Castillo-Pichardo, Linette
Grape Polyphenol Signaling to Regulate
Breast Cancer Metastasis
Castle, Michael
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Castro, Miguel
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
Scalable Storage and Services
Castro Neto, Antonio H
The Carbon New Age
Cataldi, Paolo
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Catelan, Marcio
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
Cava, Sam
DoD Biometric Conformity Assessment
Initiative
Celeste, Peter B.
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
Cellucci, R
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Centrella, Joan M.
Computing Cosmic Cataclysms
Cestone, V
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Ceze, Luis
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Chacon-Nava, J G
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Chai, Dean J.
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
Chai, Fei
Physical-Biological-Optics Model Development and Simulation for the Monterey
Bay, California
Chakravarthy, Vasu D.
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Chamberlin, Phillip
Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance
Spectral Model (FISM) to Preliminary
SDO EVE Data
The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our
New Eye on the Sky
Chamis, Christos C.
Multiscale/Multifunctional Probabilistic
Composite Fatigue
Probabilistic Simulation for Combined
Cycle Fatigue in Composites
Probabilistic Simulation for Nanocomposite Fracture
Probabilistic Simulation of Combined
Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Fatigue in
Composites
Champlin, C
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Chan, Winston W
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
Chandler, Joseph
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
Chandross, Mike
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
B-8
Chang, Chu-Yin
Visual object recognition and tracking
Chang, G
High Resolution Time Series Observations and Modeling of Radiance, Optical
Properties, and Physical Processes as
Part of RaDyO
Chang, Marcus C.
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Chang, Marcus
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Chang, Sung-Joon
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Changyan, Chen
Upregulating Apoptotic Signaling in Neurofibromatosis
Chao, Winston
The Origin of Monsoons: The Role of
Continental-Scale Landmass
Chappell, Lori J.
Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
Chappell, Steve
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
Charnley, Steven
Isotopic Fractionation in Primitive Material: Quantifying the Contribution of Interstellar Chemistry
Chatterjee, Mainak
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Interference Aware Spectrum Allocation in IEEE 802.22 Wireless Mesh Networks
Chaudhuri, Gautam
Role of BRCA2 in the Expressions of
IRF9-regulated Genes in Human Breast
Cells
Chavez, Francisco R
Information Management: A Departmental Strategic Analysis, Naval Hospital
Jacksonville, FL
Chehata, Mondher
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Chen, Bin
Enhancing Tumor Drug Delivery by
Laser-Activated Vascular Barrier Disruption
Chen, Gary
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Chen, J
Dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections
(CMEs)
Chen, Mingwei
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Chen, Youlin
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Cheng, Gartung
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Cheng, Patti F.
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Cheon, Jinwoo
Development of Convergence Nanoparticles (Phase II): Detection and Therapeutics of Pathogen Targets by Using
Multi-Mode Hybrid Nanoparticle
Probe
Chesnakas, Christopher J
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
Chevalier, Christine T.
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
Chiesa, M. L.
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Chin, Daniel C
Global Optimization via SPSA
Multiple Neural Network Model Interpolation
Chin, G.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Chippa, Christopher
Sea Level Operation Demonstration of
F404-GE-400 Turbofan Engine with JP-
5/Bio-Fuel Mixture
Chisholm, Bret J.
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Chiu, Wing K
Structural Health Monitoring Pertaining to Critical Aircraft Structural Components
Chou, Hsin-Nan
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Christiansen, Erie
A Ballistic Limit Analysis Program for
Shielding Against Micrometeoroids and
Orbital Debris
Christoforides, Claudine
The Role of Protein Kinase D (PKD)
Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
Chtchelkanova, A Y
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Chu, Risheng
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Chunchu, Prasad B.
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
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Chuss, David
Testing Cosmic Inflation
Chwalowski, Pawel
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
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Cigar, Norman
Thinking About Nuclear Power in Post-
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Claassen, J H
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
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Claassen, John H
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
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Clark, Geoffrey J
Exploration of the Use of Epigenetic
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Taxol Treatment
Clark, Patirck J.
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
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Clark, Stephen A.
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
Clarke, John
Quantum Computing Graduate Research Program: Gradiometer INS-
QUID
Clarke, Robert
XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and
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Clarke, T
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
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Clement, Gregory T
Portable Ultrasound Imaging of the Brain for Use in Forward Battlefield Areas
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Clements, Paul
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Clough, Bruce T
Metrics, Schmetrics! How The Heck Do
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279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
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Cohen, L S
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
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Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Colbert, James
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
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Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
Coleman, Lawrence
Non-Kinetic Shaping Operations: The
Soviet Information Campaign Supporting the Invasion of Afghanistan
Colladay, K
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
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Collier, Sandra L.
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Collins, Leslie
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
Collins, Thomas R
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
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Colyer, Marcus H
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Compeau, C R
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
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Compere, Marc
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
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Conger, Bruce
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
Conley, Raymond E
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Conselice, Christopher J.
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Cooke, Nancy J
Measuring tion
Collaborative Cogni-
Cooksey, Amanda M
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Cooper, John F.
Suprathermal Ion Pressure in the Local
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Cooper, Matthew W.
Generation topes
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Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Cooper, Matthew W.
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Coovert, Michael
Collaborative Critical Thinking
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Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Cosenzo, Keryl
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
Costa, Russell
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying
Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Cottam, Ron
Lifelike Robotic Collaboration requires
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Coy, David F
Changes to Electrical Conductivity in Irradiated Carbon-Nickel Nanocomposites
Coyne, John
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Crabb, Brian T
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
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and Procedures
Craig, Stephen C
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Cramer, Daniel W
Mumps Parotitis and Ovarian Cancer:
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Crammond, Duan
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
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Cranor, Lorrie F
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
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Creamer, N G
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
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Creasey, J P
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Creech, Steve
Ares V: Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century
Creech-Eakman, Michelle
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
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Recycler Short Kicker Beam Impedance
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Plug and Test: The Goal of Distributed
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Crooker, N. U.
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
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Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
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Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron
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Interchange Reconnection?
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
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Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
Crosson, Steven
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Cruz, Juan R.
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
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Cucinotta, Francis A.
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
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Non-Targeted Effects and the Dose Response for Heavy Ion Tumorigenesis
Culbert, Chris
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Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
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Culver, R L
REVEAL: Receiver Exploiting Variability in Estimated Acoustic Levels FY07 Year
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Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
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Dahlburg, J P
Understanding and Forecasting the
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Dalgalarrondo, A
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
Daling, Janet
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
D’Amico, Angela
A Brief History of Active Sonar
Danaher, J
First Results from Glonass Common-
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Danehy, Paul M.
Micro-LiDAR velocity, temperature, density, concentration sensor
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
Daniel, R. C.
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Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
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Danly, B G
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Das, B N
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
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loys
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Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment Program
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Hyperspectral Imaging of the Coastal
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In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
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de Jong, G
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de Niz, Dionisio
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Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
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Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
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A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
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Deming, L. Drake
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Demkowics, L
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International Space Station Air Quality
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Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
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Diefenbach, Michael A
Prostate Cancer Survivors with Rising
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Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
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Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
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A Comparison of Dependent Primary
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High Frequency Acoustic Propagation using Level Set Methods
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Does the Hall Effect Solve the Flux
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Dorodnitsyn, A.
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
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Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
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Doxsey, Stephen
Midbody Accumulation in Breast Cancer
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Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
Drews, Frank
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Driver, Alan
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
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Investigation of the Effects of Fine-Scale
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Duan, Guohong J
Upgrading an Experimental Flume for
Engineering Research Education
Duchesne, Stephanie M.
Environmental Control and Life Support
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Dudenhoeffer, Donald D
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
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Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
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Duffey, T M
The Target Indicator Experiment on
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Dufourd, D
Performance Evaluation of Road Detection and Tracking Algorithms
Dugala, Gina M.
Test Rack Development for Extended
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Dugan, Edward
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
Duke, Dan
Edge Capacity of Through-Bolted Laminated Glass
Durbin, J
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
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Durrheim, Ray
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
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Durstock, Michael F.
Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
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Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
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Dwyer, John J.
A Model and Methods for Regional
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Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
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Dzieciuch, Matthew
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
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Eames, David J. H.
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
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Early, Edward A
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
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Earn, Tay-Tang
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial
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Edgerly, Rachel D.
Development of a Modified Vacuum
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Edwards, Christopher
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Eepoel, John Van
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Egbert, Stephen D.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
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Eichten, E.
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
Eirew, Peter D
Characterization of Human Mammary
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Eiseman, Andrew S
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
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Elan, Seth L
South Africa’s Technology Sector
Elder, Jr, Robert J
Global and Theater Operations Integration
Elliot, Anthony J.
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
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Elsila, Jamie E.
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
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Embley, Robert W.
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
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Engdahl, Eric R.
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Engheta, Nader
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
Engle, K.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
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Englert, C R
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
English, James D.
Visual object recognition and tracking
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Development of a Novel Technique to
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Ensign, Wayne
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
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Envia, Edmane
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
Eom, Byeong H
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
Epstein, Alan H
Distributed Propulsion: New Opportunities for an Old Concept
Erdtmann, Matthew
Three-Axis Seismometer
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Eslinger, P. W.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
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Esposito, Robert
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Etchin, Julia
Molecular Basis for BRCA2-mediated
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Evans, John
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Evans, L. G.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
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Everett, R K
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
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Al-
Evrensel, Cahit A
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
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Fafalios, Arlee
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Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Fairbairn, Bruce
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
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Faleide, Jan I.
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
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Fan, Zhiqiang
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
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Fang, Hongliang
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
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Farmer, B L
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
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Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
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Farsund, Oystein
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Farzan, H.
NOx Control for Utility Boiler OTR Compliance
Fast, J. D.
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Design and Construction of an Ultra-
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The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
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A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
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Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
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Ferrer, Rodolfo
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
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Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Fields, Mary Anne
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Fields, M
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Figliola, Patricia M
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
Filz, George M.
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
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Task Performance Metrics in Human-
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Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
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Fisher, Carol
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Fisher, Daniel P
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Fitzsimonds, James R
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Florance, Jennifer P.
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Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
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Fotouhi, Ali
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Running Head: Feasibility of Blood Management. Feasibility Study of a Blood
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Fratantoni, David M
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High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
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Freeman,, Vincent L
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Frese, Sherry D.
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Friedman, Daniel E.
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Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Fullenkamp, Adam M.
Point-Light Visualization Developer, Version 1.0 User Guide
Fuller, John
Computer-Generated Forces at the
Warfighter Training Research Division
Fung, Deborah
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Funk, Robert S.
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
Furner, Sylvia E
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
Furst, Felix
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Gadagbui, Bernard
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Gaiser, P
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
Galarneau, Michael R
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Galarneau, Michael
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Gallagher, John
Determination of Optimum Vitamin D Nutrition in Young Women
Gallimore, Alec D.
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 1: Evaluation of Ion Collection Area
Gallimore, Alex D.
Faraday Probe Analysis, Part 2: Evaluation of Facility Effects on Ion Migration in a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint)
Galysh, I J
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
Ganger, Gregory R
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
Scalable Storage and Services
Ganzberger, Michael D.
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Gaona-Tiburcio, C
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Garcia-Luna, J J
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Gardner, John M
Neurology Falls. Patient Falls Risk Assessment, Neurology Clinic, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
Gardner, Jonathan P.
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
First Stars and Galaxies, the Roadmap
Ahead: Observation
Science with the James Webb Space
Telescope
Garrick, Joseph
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Garvin, J.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Garza, Ricardo R
A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process
Gatto, P
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Gaur, Lakshmi
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
Gawdiak, Yuri O.
Context based configuration management system
Gayen, S K
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Gazda, Daniel B.
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Geiger, Matthew
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Geldzahler, Barry J.
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
Gelman, Irwin H
Dependency on SRC-Family Kinases for
Recurrence of Androgen-Independent
Prostate Cancer
Gemelli, Nathaniel
Agents Technology Research
Gemhardt, Mike
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
B-15
Gendler, Sandra J
Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast
Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials
George, Gary R.
Computer-Generated Forces at the
Warfighter Training Research Division
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
Gerberich, William
Engineered Nanostructures for Optimal
Strength and Toughness
Germaine, John T
Characterization of the Shear Strength of
Unsaturated Soils and the Role of Soil
Moisture Characteristic Curves
Gertler, Jeremiah
F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress
Gevorkyan, A G
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Gewirtz, David A
The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
Ghalib, Hafidh A
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Ghan, S. J.
Modeling Activities in the Department of
Energy’s Atmospheric Sciences Program
Gholami, Behnood
An Unsupervised Learning Approach for
Facial Expression Recognition using
Semi-Definite Programming and Generalized Principal Component Analysis
Ghoniem, Nasr M
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for
High Cycle Fatigue
Giavalisco, Mauro
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Gibbons, Steven J.
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Gibbons, Stevn J
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Gibson, D. J.
Compact Gamma-Ray Source Technology Development Study
Gibson, Robert G
Investigation of the Effects of Fine-Scale
Atmospheric Inhomogeneities on Infrasound Propagation
Giddings, Thomas E
A Comprehensive Model for Performance Prediction of Electro-Optical Systems
RIMPAC-08 Planning and Support and
OAML (Oceanographic and Atmosperic
Master Library) Certification
Giesbrecht, Gordon
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
Gignilliat, R
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
Gilerson, Alexander
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Gimelsheim, Sergey
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Giraldo, Francis X
A Scalable Spectral Element Eulerian
Atmospheric Model (SEE-AM) for NWP:
Dynamical Core Tests
Girardini, Kenneth
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
Girasek, Deborah C
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Gitterman, Yefim
Dynamic Features and Identification of
Regional Seismic Signals From Dead
Sea Calibration Shots
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
Giurgiutiu, Victor
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Given, Jeffrey
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Glaessgen, Edward H.
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
Glauser, M. N.
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Glavicic, M. G.
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0043: Deformation and Texture Development During Hot Working of Titanium
Glenn, Scott
Mapping In Situ Optical Properties in
Coastal Waters Using Slocum Gliders
During RIMPAC
Glenn, William E.
Single sensor processing to obtain high resolution color component signals
Glista, Drew
Wavelength Division Multiplexing Technology for Naval Air Applications
Gloeckl, C
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
Gloeckler, George
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Gluck, Kevin A.
The Right Tool for the Job: Information-
Processing Analysis in Categorization
Godinez, M E
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Goding, Ronald T
Insurance Claims: A Study in Denials
Goerss, J S
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Gok, Regin
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Gok, Rengin
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
Gokkavas, Mutlu
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
B-16
Gokoglu, S. A.
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Golby, Ken
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Golden, Paul
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
Goldgof, Dmitry
Accurate 3D Modeling of Breast Deformation for Temporal Mammogram Registration
Goldman, E R
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
Goldstein, Melvyn L.
Cascade and Dissipation of Solar Wind
Turbulence at Electron Scales: Whistlers or Kinetic Alfv\’en Waves?
Goldstein, Steven A
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
Gollan, Rowan J
Casbar User’s Guide
Golomb, Beatrice A
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Golovich, E. C.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
Gomez, Scarlett L
Impact of Institutional - and Individual
-Level Discrimination on Medical Care &
Quality of Life among Breast Cancer
Survivors
Gonzales, Antonio I
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Gonzales, Daniel
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Gonzalez, Richard
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
Gooch, John M.
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Goodell, Jarrett
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
Goodman, Seth
A Laser Interferometric Miniature Seismometer
Goods, S. H.
Development of a Novel Technique to
Assess the Vulnerability of Micro-
Mechnical System Components to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Gopalakrishnan, S
Wavelet Spectral Finite Elements for
Wave Propagation in Composite Plates with Damages
Gorbatov, S V
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Gordaninejad, Faramarz
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Gorniak, Mark
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Goroch, A K
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
Gosling, J. T.
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
Goswami, R
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Gottfried, Jennifer L.
Investigation of Chemical Processes Involving Laser-generated Nanoenergetic
Materials
Gould, M J
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2
Ammunition
Grabias, A
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
Graham, Lee
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Gran, Hans-Christian
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Grant, Warren C.
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Graumann, A.
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
Gray, D
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Gray, G. A.
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Green, Chris
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Gregory, Otto J.
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
Grier, Rebecca A.
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Griffiths, Thomas L
Exemplar Models as a Mechanism for
Performing Bayesian Inference
Grimes-Ledesma, Lorie
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Gritto, Roland
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Structure of the Korean Peninsula from
Waveform Travel-Time Analysis
Groot-Hedlin, Catherine de
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
Finite Difference Time Domain Modeling of Infrasound Propagation: Application to
Shadow Zone Arrivals and Regional
Propagation
Gross, Barry
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Grover, Martha
Empirical Modeling of Nanoscale Dynamics using Solution Mapping
Groves, Keith
Global Ionospheric Processes
Gruber, M R
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Gruber, Mark R
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
Gruenstein, Alexander
Conversational Interfaces: A Domain-
Independent Architecture for Task-
Oriented Dialogues
Gu, Y.
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
B-17
Guckeyson, Yen
A Case Study on TRICARE Online Webenabled Appointing: Improving Utilization
Rates at Navy Medical Treatment Facilities
Guinness, Edward A.
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Guleyupoglu, S
Enabling Coordination During Security,
Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
Gundogdu, T F
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Gurman, Joseph B.
NASA’s STEREO Mission
Gurram, Mohana M.
Context based configuration management system
Guven, Kaan
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Guzman, Felipe
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
LISA Pathfinder Instrument Data Analysis
Haas, Derek A
Production of Samples of Individual Radioxenon Isotopes Through Neutron Irradiation of Stable Xenon Gas
Hackett, Shawn W
Simulation of a Diode Pumped Alkali
Laser; a Three Level Numerical Approach
Hada, Megumi
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
Haddad, Wassim M
An Unsupervised Learning Approach for
Facial Expression Recognition using
Semi-Definite Programming and Generalized Principal Component Analysis
Hahn, Inseob
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
Hahn, J
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Haiducek, John
Experimental Validation Techniques for the Heleeos Off-Axis Laser Propagation
Model
Hainge, Ashton D
Validation of a Novel Approach to Solving
Multibody Systems Using Hamilton’s
Weak Principle
Hajimiri, Seyed-Ali
Cross-differential amplifier
Hakim, Samuel
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
Hale, Alan A
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
Haley, Ryan C
Best Practices in the Navy’s Energy Programs Strategic Communication Factors
Operating in the Tactical Forces
Hall, John A
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
Hamby, David M.
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
Hamilton, M
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Hamilton, Michael T
Case Study: The Venous Thromboembolism Collaborative Team at the Johns
Hopkins Hospital
Hammer, Daniel X
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Hammons, Michael I.
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
Hand, Jennifer
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Handenson, Kurt
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
Handley, Holly A
Collaboration and Coalition Architectures
Handschuh, Robert F.
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
Hankenson, Kurt
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
Hannah, Joel
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Hansen, J
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Hansen, Jeffrey
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Hansen, Leif A
An Evaluation of a Networked Radiation
Detection System
Hanson, B. D.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of Filter Performance at PEP and
CUF Scale
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
Hanson, B.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
Hanson, R K
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Hansson, Jorgen
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Harben, Phil
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
Hardick, Justin P
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Harding, Alice K.
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Pulsars
Harkrider, David G
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Harmanec, P
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Harper, Susana A.
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Harrington, Brian E.
Space Shuttle Day-of-Launch Trajectory
Design and Verification
Harris, David B.
Adaptive Waveform Correlation Detectors for Arrays: Algorithms for Autonomous Calibration
Harris, J. Mark
Progress on Component Evaluation for
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Harris, K A
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
B-18
Harris, V G
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Harris, Vincent G
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
Harshman, K.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Hart, Darren
Progress on Component Evaluation for
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Hart, Karl
Performance Research Integration Tool
(IMPRINT Pro) Maintenance Model Enhancements
Hartkopf, W I
Hot Binaries: Observational Results
Hartkopf, William
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Hartse, Hans
Seismic Characterization of Northeast
Asia
Hartvigsen, Joseph
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Harvard, Ekaterina
Performance of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with AlSiN Passivation
Harvey, John W
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Hasebe, Tadashi
Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for
High Cycle Fatigue
Hasenbosch, Sam
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Hash, Mark C.
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Hassan, Sazzad
Prostate Cancer Cell Growth: Stimulatory Role of Neurotensin and Mechanism of Inhibition by Flavonoids as Related to
Protein Kinase C
Hastings, A S
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Hathaway, David H.
Variations in the Sun’s Meridional Flow
Over a Solar Cycle
Hauk, Teresa F.
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Haule, Kristjan
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Haverty, R B
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Hawk, Douglas
Clinical Treatment of Nondysentery Travelers’ Diarrhea During Deployment
Hayes, James C.
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Hayes, Kristy L
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Hayhurst, A
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
Haykin, Simon
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Haynie, Waddy T.
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Hays, Elizabeth Anne
Fermi LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray
Transients Near the Galactic
Plane
Hayward, Ryan C
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
He, Sailing
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
Heap, Sally
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
Hebert, David
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Hedlin, Michael
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Heidecker, Jason
NEPP Non-Volatile Memory FY09 Summary Report
Heidger, Susan
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Heimbigner, Tom R.
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Heimbigner, Tom R
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Heimbigner, Tom R.
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Heinzen, D J
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Helber, Robert W
Evaluating the Impact of the Number of
Satellite Altimeters Used in an Assimilative Ocean Prediction System
Held, Robert
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Helmberger, Donald V
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Hendricks, James
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
Scalable Storage and Services
Hendricks, Judy K.
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Hendricksw, Robert C.
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to
Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
Henney, Carl J
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Henriquez, Natalia C
A Comparison of Services Utilized by
Acupuncture and Non-Acupuncture Patients in the Military Health System
Henry, Paula
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation to Low-Intensity
Sounds
B-19
Henshaw, C G
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Henson, Anne S
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Herath, Jeffrey A.
Reprogrammable field programmable gate array with integrated system for mitigating effects of single event upsets
Herr, Nicholas C
AFM-Patterned 2-D Thin-Film Photonic
Crystal Analyzed by Complete Angle
Scatter
Herrin, Eugene T
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
Herrmann, Robert B
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Hess, Kathy
Collaborative Critical Thinking
Hewitt, Alan D
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
Heyman, Richard E
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
Hicks, Boniface
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
Hilburger, Mark W.
Comparison of Methods to Predict Lower
Bound Buckling Loads of Cylinders Under Axial Compression
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Hill, C. T.
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
Hills, H. Kent
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Hinchey, Michael G.
Flash drive memory apparatus and method
Hines, Glenn
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
Hinton, G. Derrick
Architecture-Based Systems Engineering
Hipp, James R.
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Hipp, Jim
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Robust, Extensible Representation of
Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
Hirsch, David B.
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Hissam, Scott
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Ho, Jim
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Ho, Seng-Tiong
Near-field nano-imager
Hoang, T T
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Hochhalter, Jake D.
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
Hodges, Steven E
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
Hoemann, John M.
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
Hoemann, John
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
Hofer, Michael
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
Hoffman, Andrew R
Interchromosomal Associations that Alter
NF1 Gene Expression Can Modify Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis
1
Hoffmann, W C
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Hofstetter, Rami
Dynamic Features and Identification of
Regional Seismic Signals From Dead
Sea Calibration Shots
Infrasound Calibration Experiment in Israel: Preparation and Test Shots
Hoglund, Evelyn M
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
Holm, Liz
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Holmes, Michael R
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
Holt, T R
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
Holthoff, Ellen
A Nanosensor for Explosives Detection
Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) and Surfaced-Enhanced
Raman Scattering (SERS)
Holz, R L
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Homentowski, Eugene
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Hong, Kwanwoo
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Hong, Tae-Kyung
Investigation of Regional Source Properties of the Underground Nuclear Explosion in North Korea
Hook, Simon J.
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
Hooper, Daylond J.
Coalition Formation Under Uncertainty
Hooper, Tomoko I
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Hoppe, Eric W.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Horbury, T. S.
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
Hornbeck, J F
The Haitian Economy and the HOPE
Act
Horowitz, B. M.
Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
Target Recognition (ATR)
Horst, John A
A Native Intelligence Metric for Artificial
Systems
B-20
Hossbach, Todd W.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Hou, W
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Houchins, W D
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2
Ammunition
Hough, P. D.
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Houston, B H
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
Howard, Brian
Business Case analysis: NMCSD Health
System
Howard, Samuel A.
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Howerton, Brian M.
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Hrad, Paul M
Conceptual Design Tool for Fuel-Cell
Powered Micro Air Vehicles
Hrinda, Glenn A.
Snap-Through Instability Patterns in
Truss Structures
Hsiao, A C
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Hsieh, Alex J
Improved Dynamic Strain Hardening in
Poly(Urethane Urea) Elastomers for
Transparent Armor Applications
Hsu, Oscar
Launch and Commissioning of the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Hu, Jennifer J
Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine in Preventing Radiotherapy-Induced Adverse Skin Reactions
Hu, Xiaolin
Measuring Cooperative Robotic Systems
Using Simulation-Based Virtual Environment
Hua, Yingbo
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Huang, Albert S
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Huang, Y
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Hubbard, Charles W.
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Hubbard, Charles W
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Hubbard, Charles W.
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
Hudack, Jeffrey
Agents Technology Research
Hudak, Steven J
Operative Management of Wartime
Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force
Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008
Hudson, R. L.
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
Huffine, C M
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
Huffmire, Ted
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
Hughes, Thomas A
A General Airman: Millard Harmon and the South Pacific in World War II
Hughes, W. J.
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
Huizenga, Brian D
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
Hull, Andrew J
A Dynamic Model of an Axisymmetric,
Transversely Isotropic, Fluid-Loaded,
Fully Elastic Cylindrical Shell
Hull, Ethan L.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Humiston, Todd
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Hummel, C
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Hunter, Gary W.
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
Hurley, Patrick
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Hurst, Brad
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Hurwitz, M. M.
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Husebye, Eystein S
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
Hutchenson, Kevin D.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Hutchenson, Kevin D
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Hutter, D J
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Hutter, Donald
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Hyronimus, Brian J.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Ibrahim, Sofi
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Ila, Daryush
Efficient thermoelectric device
Ioppolo, Tindaro
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
Iredell, Lena
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
Irvine, Cynthia
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
B-21
Irving, Doug
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
Israelsson, Hans G
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Itano, W M
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Ivakin, Anatoliy N
Sediment Particle Characterization for
Acoustic Applications: Coarse Content,
Size and Shape Distributions in a Shelly
Sand/Mud Environment
Ivan, Douglas J.
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Ivers, James
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Iyer, Nandini
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
Iyer, Ravishankar
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Jabbour, Kamal
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Jackson, Dalmar A
Inpatient Mental Health Recaptre using
Dod/VA Sharing
Jackson, E. Bruce
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Jacobs, Alan M.
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
Jacobs, Peter A
Casbar User’s Guide
Jacobs, Sharon Auerback
Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol
Jacoff, Adam
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for
Autonomous Mobile Robots
Jaeger, Trent
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
Jafarkhani, Hamid
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Jaffe, Jules S
Extended Laser Line Scan Optical Imaging System Characterization
Increased Underwater Optical Imaging
Performance via Multiple Autonomous
Underwater Vehicles
Measurement of Time Varying Volume
Scatter
Jagadeesh, Gopalan
Investigations on the Effect of Steady and Pulsed Surface. Thermal Perturbations on the Hypersonic Flow-Field Over a Flat Plate and a Sharp Cone
Jajodia, Sushil
Advanced Cyber Attack Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization
James, John T.
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
James, Sandra J
Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability
Phenotype for Autism and Related Alterations in CNS Development
Janowsky, Jeri S
Markers and Time Course of Neurodegenerative Risk with Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Jansen, Ryan
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Jardon-Aguilar, Hildeberto
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Jarosz, E
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Jaroszewics, Thomas
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Javdi, Tara
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Javidi, T
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing
Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
Jeffries, J B
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Jegley, D. C.
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
Jeng, Yeau-Ren
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial
Behavior of Nanoscale Systems
Jenkins, C S
Effects of Variability Associated with the
Antarctic Circumpolar Current on Sound
Propagation in the Ocean
Jenkins, Thomas F
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
Jensen, Brian J.
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Jensen, K.
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
Jensen, Michael
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Jenus, Jr, Joseph
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
Jeter, Edward
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Jett, Lee
Austere Recovery of Cargo Gliders
Jezard, Michael F
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Jha, Sushant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order
0037: Mechanisms Causing Fatigue
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Jia, Kemiao
Development of High-Fill-Factor Large-
Aperture Micromirrors for Agile Optical
Phased Arrays
Jia, Yan
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Jiang, Rongzhong
Ultrasound-assisted Micro-emulsion
Synthesis of a Highly Active Nanoparticle Catalyst
Jobson, Daniel J.
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
Johnson, Frank
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
Johnson, K.
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
B-22
Johnson, N. M.
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
Johnson, Patricia
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
Johnson, Richard W.
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the VHTR Lower Plenum Standard Problem
Johnson, Wayne
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads
Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Johnson, William G
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
Johnston, Ian A
Casbar User’s Guide
Johnston, Robert K
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
Jones, Albert T
A New Classification of Information: A
Step on the Road to Interpretability
Measuring the Impact of Information on
Complex Systems
Jones, Bruce H
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Jones, C E
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Jones, Mae
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Jones, Thomas W.
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Photophysics of Laser Dye-Doped Polymer Membranes for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Photogrammetry
Jones, W. L.
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Jorna, Rene
Performance Characteristics of Planning
Actors
Joshi, S
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
Josypenko, Michael J
Multi-Element Patch Antenna and
Method
Julia, Jordi
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Jumper, Eric J
Aero-Optical Investigation of a Pod Directed Energy System
Junek, W N
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Jurado, Raul E
Army Medical Action Plan’s Impact on
Access to Healthcare for TRICARE Beneficiaries
Kadlcak, Jiri
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Kaelbling, Leslie
Effective Bayesian Transfer Learning
Kafesaki, M
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Kahler, S. W.
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance
Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow
Solar Wind Regions
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
Kallman, T.
Active Galaxy Unification in the Era of
X-Ray Polarimetry
Photoionization Modeling
Kalphat, Michelle
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Kane, Mark A.
Orion Touchdown Heading Control
Kang, Yueh-Chun
Non-response on U.S.
Navy Quick
Polls
Kapania, Rakesh K.
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
Kappenman, Jeffrey
Army Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Decisive in Battle
Karbalczyk, Zbigniew
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Kassim, N
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
Kastner, Ryan
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
Kattawar, George W
3D Time Dependent Stokes Vector Radiative Transfer in an Atmosphere-Ocean
System Including a Stochastic Interface
Katzman, Kenneth
Iran Sanctions
Kawa, S. R.
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Kawecki, T
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Kazanas, Demosthenes
Poynting Robertson Battery and the
Chiral Magnetic Fields of AGN
Jets
Kaziska, David M
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Keane, Terence M
Development of a PTSD Population Registry
Kearney, Sean P.
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
Kee, Scott D.
Cross-differential amplifier
Keillor, Martin E.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Keith, William L
Method for Reducing Flow Induced Vibration and Noise in Towed Arrays
Keller, T M
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
Kelley, Patrick G
Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences:
Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden
Tradeoffs
Kelly, Angelita C.
NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS):
Delivering on the Dream, Today and Tomorrow
Kelly, Bernard J.
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
Kelly, Bernard
Characterizing Black Hole Mergers
B-23
Kelly, Jr, Thomas J
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a
Serine protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments
Kelly, Patrick R
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
Kelly, Patrick
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Kelm, B E
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Kemerait, R C
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Kemp, R. A.
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
Catalysts from Solutions to Supports
(LDRD 104111)
Kenedy, Quinn
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
Kennedy, Paul
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Keppler, Kenneth S
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Kerr, Carol
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an
Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August
2006)
Kerr, Christopher
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Kihm, K. D.
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport
Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat
Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
Kilbourn, Michael
The Influence of Physical Forces on Progenitor Cell Migration, Proliferation and
Differentiation in Fracture Repair
Kilcoyne, A. L. David
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Kim, J H
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Kim, Jaime B
Bandwidth-Efficient Multicast Routing for
Multihop, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks
Kim, Jungwook
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
Kim, Kami
Evaluation of Purine Salvage as a Chemotherapeutic Target in the Plasmodium yoelli Rodent Model
Kim, Kyoo
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Kinsella, Mary
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Kiptak, David
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Kira, Zsolt
A Design Process for Robot Capabilities and Missions Applied to Microautonomous Platforms
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Kirkland, Christopher
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
Kirsh, David
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative
Transfer of Situational Understanding
Kizzort, Brad
XTCE. XML Telemetry and Command
Exchange Tutorial
Klausutis, Timothy
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Klein, Mark
Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects
Kleinschmidt, Neal
The Material Properties of CsSnBr3 and
CsBr:Sn-1 and Their Potential as Scintillator Detector Material
Klepper, Jason
40 Years of AEDC Development, Evolution and Application of Numerical Simulations for Integrated Test and Evaluation of Turbine Engine Turbomachinery Operability Issues
Klotzbach, Roy M
Best Practices in the Navy’s Energy Programs Strategic Communication Factors
Operating in the Tactical Forces
Klumpe, Herb
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Knerl, Christopher J.
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
Knight, Norman F., Jr.
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
Knoetze, Hansie
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
Koch, D E
The Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) Instrument for
Ionospheric Research
Kogut, A. J.
The Absolute Spectrum Polarimeter
(ASP)
Kohl, Benjamin C
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Kolel-Veetil, M K
Polymeric Protection of Navy Fighter Jet
Towlines
Koller, Josef
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Kondi, Lisimachos P
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
Konoske, Paula
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Koons, Diane S.
Risk Mitigation Approach to Commercial
Resupply to the International Space Station
Kopcewicz, M
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
Koppang, P A
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
Kornbluth, Sally
Killing Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of the Apoptosome
B-24
Kossakovski, Dmitri A.
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Koster, Randal
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
Kotliar, Gabriel
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Koubsky, P
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Koutcher, J A
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Kraemer, S.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Kraft, Gordon D
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Kramer, Lynda J.
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Kramer, Thomas
NOT(Faster Implementation == Better Algorithm), A Case Study
Krasovec, Mary L
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
Krasowski, Michael J.
N channel JFET based digital logic gate structure
Kreeger, Richard E.
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
Kreykenbohm, I.
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
Kreykenbohm, Ingo
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Krimigis, Stamatios M.
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Krishnamurthy, Thiagarajan
Frequencies and Flutter Speed Estimation for Damaged Aircraft Wing Using
Scaled Equivalent Plate Analysis
Krisnamurthy, Srikanth
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Krumm, Anton
Premalignant Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Tubal Epithelium from
Women with BRCA1 Mutations
Kudelko, Jr, R M
USMC Aviation Vision 2025 and the Misdirection of Airborne Electronic Warfare
Kufe, Donald W
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Kumar, Ashok
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Kung, Yu-Long
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
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Kunkel, V
Dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections
(CMEs)
Kuo, Kenneth K
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
Kurath, D. E.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
Kurihara, L K
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
Alloys
Kurtz, J
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Kutzman, Raymond S
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Kvaerna, Tormod
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Kwiat, Kevin
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Interference Aware Spectrum Allocation in IEEE 802.22 Wireless Mesh Networks
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
Kwon, Young W
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
LaBel, Kenneth A.
Packaging Concerns and Techniques for
Large Devices: Challenges for Complex
Electronics
Labun, Lance
Survivable, Affordable, Repairable Airframe Program (SARAP) and the Helicopter Kinematic Design Criteria for
Crashworthiness. Revision A
Lacaze, Alberto
Hierarchical Architecture for Coordinating Ground Vehicles in Unstructured Environments
Lackey, Arthur W
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
Lacour, Matthew
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Lagasse, Eric
Ovarian Cancer, Stem Cells, and Bioreactors
Lagoon, Amy S.
Strategic Alliances: Government and Industry
Lahaie, Pierre
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
LaHoud, Paul M.
Validation of Airblast Damage Predictions Using a Microcomputer Based High
Explosive Damage Assessment Model
(HEXDAM)
Lamarra, Norm
Future Directions in Space IT
Lambert, Dale
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Lampo, Richard G
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
Lan, Y
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Landauer, Christopher
Refactored Characteristics of Intelligent
Computing Systems
Landis, Rob
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
B-25
Landree, Eric
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Lane, W
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
Langberg, Michael
Data transmission method
system and
Lange, Kevin
Air Stripping Designs and Reactive Water Purification Processes for the Lunar
Surface
Langley, Susan
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Lanter, W
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Larocque, Liane M.
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
Larson, Gerald E
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Laster, Kimala L.
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
Latchman, Yvette E
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
Lathrop, James R.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Lattman, M.
Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
Catalysts from Solutions to Supports
(LDRD 104111)
Lau, William K.
Does Aerosol Weaken or Strengthen the
South Asian Monsoon?
Laughlin, D E
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
Laughlin, David E
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
Lawless, Kirby G.
Gimbaled-shoulder friction stir welding tool
Lay, Thorne
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Lazarovits, Bence
A Theoretical Exploration of the Metal
Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide with an Eye Towards Applications: A First
Principles Approach
Lazio, J
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
Le Bras, Ronan
Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing
System
Le, Hung V.
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
Le, Thang D.
Two-axis joint method
assembly and
Lea, Matt
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Lean, J L
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
LeBras, Ronan J
Determination of the Seismic Moment
Tensor Using Surface Waves Recorded by the IMS Network
LeClaire, Steven J
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Lee, Andre
Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis on the Deformational Behavior of Hybrid
Polymers
Lee, Benjamin M
An Empirical Study of Re-sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error
Estimates in Split-plot Designs
Lee, Chee S.
Preliminary Experiments with a Triple-
Layer Phoswich Detector for Radioxenon
Detection
Lee, Jason
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Lee, Kwang-Sup
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
Lee, Lesley
Effect of Changing Weight and Mass on
Human Performance in a Lunar Prototype Spacesuit
Lee, Soo H
Development of Multidisciplinary, Multifidelity Analysis, Integration, and Optimization of Aerospace Vehicles
Lee, Steve A.
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
Leedom, Dennis K.
Advancing the State-of-the-Art in Intelligent Systems: Scientific Rigor in Our
Methods of Experimentation
Lei, Huan-Yao
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Leibrecht, Bruce C
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Leidig, Mark R.
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Leimkuehler, Thomas O.
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
Leland, Anne
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Lemnios, Zachary J
Statement Testimony of The Honorable
Zachary J. Lemnios Director, Defense
Research and Engineering Before the
USA House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on
Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and
Capabilities
Lennon, J A
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Lentini, Patricia
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Lepping, R. P.
Evidence in Magnetic Clouds for Systematic Open Flux Transport on the
Sun
Lermusiaux, Pierre F
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Lesieutre, Daniel J
Development of Multidisciplinary, Multifidelity Analysis, Integration, and Optimization of Aerospace Vehicles
B-26
Leski, Tomasz A
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Letsky, Michael
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment (DCODE)
Leugoud, Robert J.
Seismic Detection Using Mini Seismometer
Levi, Joshua A.
Assessment, Planning, and Execution
Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
Levin, Iosif
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
Sensing of Coastal Waters
Levin, Timothy
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
Levina, Liza
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
Sensing of Coastal Waters
Levine, Edward
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Levis, Alexander H
Collaboration and Coalition Architectures
Levshin, Anatoli L
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
Levush, B
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Lewandowski, W
First Results from Glonass Common-
View Time Comparisons Realized According to the BIPM International Schedule
Lewis, James L.
Two-axis joint method
assembly and
Lewis, Jennifer E
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Lewis, Randolph V
Designing Spider Silk Proteins for Materials Applications
Lewis, Tracy M
Force Shaping in Navy Medicine: Application of a Strategic Planning Model to the Psychological Healthcare Community
Li, Christopher
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
Li, Jingjing
Optical Spectrometer at the Nanoscale using Optical Yagi-Uda Nanoantennas
Li, L
Monitoring Global Surface Soil Moisture with the WindSat Polarimetric Microwave
Radiometer
Li, Wesley W.
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Lidsay, Suzanne P
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Liepman, Jr, James M
Cnth\nthXYZ, TACS, and Air Battle Management: The Search for Operational
Doctrine
Light, A
Broadband Over Power Lines (BPL) and
Its Impact on Spectrum Allocation
Like, Eric C.
Spectrally-Temporally Adapted Spectrally Modulated Spectrally Encoded
(SMSE) Waveform Design for Coexistent
CR-Based SDR Applications
Like, Eric
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Lilevjen, Katherine
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Lilley, K
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Lillie, Gregory R
Resolution of Low Back and Radicular
Pain in a 40-year-old Male USA Navy
Petty Officer after Collaborative Medical and Chiropractic Care
Limero, Thomas F.
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Lin, Baochuan
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat Agents Detection
Lin, F B
Photonic Breast Tomography and Tumor
Aggressiveness Assessment
Lin, Weiwen
Human-agent Collaboration Ontology
(HACON) (trademark): Implications for
Designing Naturalistic C2 Decision Systems
Linderman, Mark H.
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
Lindler, Don
Observing the First Stars in Luminous,
Red Galaxies
Ling, Andrew S
The Effects of Spatial Diversity and Imperfect Channel Estimation on Wideband
MC-DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA
Linstrum, D.
Removal of the Californium Sources from the 222-S Laboratory
Linzer, Lindsay
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Liou, Frank
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Lipert, Robert J.
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Lipkin-Goldberg, Maya
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
Lipnick, Robert
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Lipton, Ashley
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Littleton, Beth
Collaborative Critical Thinking
Litvak, M. L.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Litz, Marc
Hybrid Log Spiral With Loop Antenna
Liu, Boyang
Near-field nano-imager
Liu, David
Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors
Liu, J L
Single-Domain Antibodies: Rugged Recognition Element
Liu, Xiong
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Liu, Yuming
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Livas, Jeffrey
Characterization of Photodetectors for
LISA
B-27
Llenos, Andrea L
Controls on Earthquake Rupture and
Triggering Mechanisms in Subduction
Zones
Loeffler, M. J.
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
Lomov, Ilya N.
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Long, J W
Multifunctional Electrode Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Capacitors
Long, Nina C
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat tion
Agents Detec-
Lopez-Romero, J M
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Lopresti, C. A.
Data Catalog for Models Simulating Release of Contaminants from Hanford Site
Waste Sources
Lorenzi, Tyler
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Loscalzo, Steven
Agents Technology Research
Lott, N.
Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the
NOAA Satellites, 1999
Louzguine-Luzgin, Dmitri V
Role of Atomic Packing in Glass Forming
Ability and Stability of Ternary and some
Quaternary Bulk Metallic Glasses
Lovejoy, Andrew E.
Effects of Buckling Knockdown Factor,
Internal Pressure and Material on the
Design of Stiffened Cylinders
Lovold, Stian
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Lowman, Paul D.
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Lozano-Perez, Tomas
Effective Bayesian Transfer Learning
Lu, R P
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
Lubyansky, Alexander
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Luchinin, Alexander
Inverse Problems in Optical Remote
Sensing of Coastal Waters
Ludlow, Spencer E
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Lue, Tsu Kong
Agents Technology Research
Lugo-Cuevas, J M
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Lum, Thomas
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
Lutes, Charles D
China’s ASAT Test: Motivations and Implications
Lutomski, Michael G.
Estimating the Reliability of a Soyuz
Spacecraft Mission
Lutz, Robyn
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
Lyell, M
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Lynn, G
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Lyons, Anthony P
Measurement and Analysis of High-
Frequency Scattering Statistics and
Sound Speed Dispersion
Lytle, Alan M
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
Mabe, R
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Macatangay, Ariel
International Space Station Air Quality
Assessed According to Toxicologically-
Grouped Compounds
Macdonald, Douglas J.
Passive Ranging Using Infra-Red Atmospheric Attenuation
Maceira, Monica
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
MacGregor, Andrew J
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
MacKenzie, Adam S
An Exploration of the Effects of Maintenance Manning on Combat Mission
Readiness (CMR) Utilizing Agent Based
Modeling
MacKenzie, David
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
MacKenzie, Eileen
Global Ionospheric Processes
Mackey, Kevin G
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Mackey, Kevin
Seismic Characterization of Northeast
Asia
MacMillan, Jean
Collaborative Critical Thinking
Macula, Anthony
Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
Madhavan, Raj
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
Madni, Azad M
Human-agent Collaboration Ontology
(HACON) (trademark): Implications for
Designing Naturalistic C2 Decision Systems
Magill, John C
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Maguire, John
Multi-Scale Investigation on Interfacial
Behavior of Nanoscale Systems
Mahnken, Thomas G
Military Officer Attitudes Toward UAV
Adoption Exploring Institutional Impediments to Innovation
Mahoney, L. A.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
Malakhov, A.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Malanoski, Anthony P
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range tion
Biothreat Agents Detec-
Malloy, D
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Malone, Kathleen
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
Maluf, David A.
Context based configuration management system
B-28
Malumuth. E.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Mamaril, C
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Managuli, Ravi
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Mandell, John F
Damage Threshold Characterization in
Structural Composite Materials and
Composite Joints
Mann, Peggy L.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Manna, U
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell
Model of Turbulence
Manney, C H
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Manthiram, Arumugam
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
Mantziaras, Dimitrios C.
Assessment, Planning, and Execution
Considerations for Conjunction Risk Assessment and Mitigation Operations
Marble, Julie L
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
Marbukh, Vladimir
Randomized Routing as a Regularized
Solution to the Route Cost Minimization
Problem
March, M. W.
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
Marchand, Greg
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Marciano, Hadas
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
Margesson, Rhoda
Haiti Earthquake: Crisis and Response
Maria, Jon-Paul
Short Term Innovative Research Program: Nanoengineered Reactive Materials for Tunable Ignition and Energy Release
Markowitz, Alex
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Markwardt, C.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Marlin, David H.
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Marshall, Paul
Kinetics of the NH Reaction with H2 and
Reassessment of HNO Formation from
NH + CO2, H2O
Martin, Gregory N.
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Martin, John J
Methods of Implementing NVIS Compatible Cockpit Lighting
Martin, R N
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Martin, Randolph
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
Martinez, Daniel G.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Martinez, T
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Martinez-Canales, M. L.
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Martinez-Villafane, A
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Maryak, John L
Global Optimization via SPSA
Mashburn, Ronnie B.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Mason, Brian D
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Mason, Carol L.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Massey, Edmund C.
Ares 1-X Roll Control System Development
Massman, Jeffrey P
Artificial Inhomogeneous Tapered Impedance Sheet Characterization and Applications
Masson, S.
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
Mastsumoto, Haru
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Mateen, Mala
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Mateja, Brian
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Mather, J. H.
Cloud Occurrence Frequency at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Third Quarter 2009 ARM and Climate Change Prediction Program
Metric Report
Mathur, Tarun
Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of OH in a Supersonic Combustor
Fueled with Ethylene and Methane
(Postprint)
Mathur, T
Diode Laser-Based Detection of Combustor Instabilities with Application to a
Scramjet Engine
Mattison, Edward M
Analysis of Fundamental and Systematic
Effects Limiting Hydrogen Maser Frequency Stability
Matveeva, Tatiana S
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
Matyjas, John D.
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
Matzel, Eric M.
Enhancing Seismic Calibration Research
Through Software Automation and Scientific Information Management
Matzel, Eric M
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Matzel, Eric
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
B-29
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Matzke, Carolyn
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Mauzy, Susan
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Maxon, John
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Mayeda, Kevin M.
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
Mayeda, Kevin
Small-Event Yield and Source Characterization Using Local P and S-Wave Coda
Source Spectra
McCarron, Dan
V-22, Great Bumpersticker, But What
Can It Do?
McCarthy, Gregory J.
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
McCarthy, Kevin P.
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
McCauley, James W
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
McClanahan, Timothy P.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
McClelland, T
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
McCormick, Steven J
Fire Extinguishing Agents for Protection of Occupied Spaces in Military Ground
Vehicles
McCoy, J. Torin
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
McCubbin, Patrick E
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
McDaniel, Patrick
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-typed Languages
McGrann, T. J.
Environmentally Clean Mitigation of Undesirable Plant Life Using Lasers
McHenry, M E
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
McHenry, Michael B
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
McHenry, Michael E
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
McIntyre, Justin I.
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
McIntyre, Justin I
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
McIntyre, Justin I.
Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
McKay, Mark D
Intelligent Robots for Use in Hazardous
DOE Environments
McKenna, Mithan
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
McKenzie-Carter, Michael A.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
McKinney, J D
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
McLaughlin, Thomas
Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
Wake
McLay, J
Probabilistic Prediction for Improved Scientific Understanding and Improved Decision Making
McNabb, D. P.
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship,
Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
McNutt, Ralph L., Jr.
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
McPherron, R. L.
Role of the Russell-McPherron Effect in the Acceleration of Relativistic Electrons
Meador, Carolyn E
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range tion
Biothreat Agents Detec-
Mederos, Luis A.
Context based configuration management system
Medina-Kauwe, Lali K
Targeting siRNA Missiles to Her2+
Breast Cancer
Medley, Michael J.
Wireless Visual Sensor Network Resource Allocation using Cross-Layer Optimization
Medlin, Darren D
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Megaloudis, George
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Mehrotra, Krishan G
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
Mehta, Neha
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Meirs, M
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
Melcer, Ted
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Melendez, M.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Melucci, Massimo
University of Padua at TREC 2009: Relevance Feedback Track
Menard, Cynthia
Integration of Diagnostic and Interventional MRI for the Study of Persistent
Prostate Cancer after External Beam Radiotherapy
Mendezllovet, Eddie A
Codifying Information Assurance Controls for Department of Defense (DoD)
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
(SCADA) Systems
Menke, Timothy
Simulation and Analysis Facility (SI-
MAF)
B-30
Merchant, B J
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Merchant, B. John
Progress on Component Evaluation for
Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Mercier, Theresa M
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Mersich, Peter
Metal Induced Growth of Si Thin Films and NiSi Nanowires
Mertens, Christopher J.
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
Merzlikin, Max
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Meshik, A.
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
Mesic, Richard
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
Messina, E R
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
Messina, Elena
Experiences in Deploying Test Arenas for
Autonomous Mobile Robots
Metghalchi, Mohamad H
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium
(RCCE) Modeling of Propulsive Performance of Energetic Materials in a Hypersonic Nozzle
Metzler, James M.
N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
Tracking
Meyer, Sharon A
Role of Myelofibrosis in Hematotoxicity of
Munitions RDX Environmental Degradation Product MNX
Meystel, A M
Measuring the Performance and Intelligence of Systems: Proceedings of the
2001 PerMIS Workshop
Mikina, Janusz K
In-situ, Gate Bias Dependent Study of
Neutron Irradiation
AlGaN/GaN HFETs
Effects on
Mikulski, Carmen
Adapting ODC for Empirical Evaluation of Pre-Launch Anomalies
Milam, Stefanie N.
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
Miles, Richard B
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
Miley, Harry S.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Miley, Harry
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Milikh, G. M.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Miller, C
Infrared Ship Signature Model Validation from Measurements at Chesapeake Bay
Detachment
Miller, Corey M
Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network
Weight Tuning to Optimize Decision
Making for an Abstract Game
Miller, Eric M.
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
Miller, Janet E.
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in
Systems
Miller, M M
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
(Fe1-
Al-
Miller, Mikel
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Miller, Steven D
Investigation of a Novel Compact Vibration Isolation System for Space Applications
Miller, T.
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Miller, William L
Improving the Accuracy of the SeaUV
Algorithms in Dark Marine Waters
Millner, Lori M
N-Acetyltransferase 1 Polymorphism and
Breast Cancer Risk
Mills, Travis
Global Ionospheric Processes
Millsap, Ralph
Organizational Options for the Future
Aerospace Force
Milstein, Laurence B
Interference Rejection and Management
The Effects of Spatial Diversity and Imperfect Channel Estimation on Wideband
MC-DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA
Milstein, Laurence
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Mintz, Paul J
Identification of Molecular Receptors for
Therapeutic Targeting in Prostate Cancer
Misciagna, David T.
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
Mishin, Evgeny
Global Ionospheric Processes
Misiak, Timothy
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for guages
Security-typed Lan-
Mistry, Z
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Mitchell, James K
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
Mitchell, Kathryn C.
Abrasion Testing of Candidate Outer
Layer Fabrics for Lunar EVA Space
Suits
Mitrofanov, I. G.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Mittu, R
Enabling Coordination During Security,
Stabilization, Transition, and Reconstruction Operations
Moakler, Megan C
An Analysis of Operating Room Performance Metrics at Reynolds Army Community Hospital
Mobley, Frank S
Human Validation of the AUDIB Auditory
Perception Model for Rotarywing Aircraft
B-31
Mocko, David M.
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
Moggio, Ivana
Synthesis of Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics Applications
Mohan, Chilukuri K
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
Moir, R.
Magnetic Mirror Fusion-Fission Early
History and Applicability to other Systems
Molina-Lopez, Victoria
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Molnar, Gyula
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Molnar, S von
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Momayezi, Michael
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Momen, Nausheen
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Monnier, John
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Montesinos, Pablo
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Moore, David
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Moore, F L
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Moore, M. H.
Ion Irradiation of Sulfuric Acid: Implications for its Stability on Europa
Moore, R
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Moran, Sonia
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
Morency, Joseph R
Demonstration of a Wire Suspension for
Virtual Flight Testing in a Wind Tunnel
Morozov, Igor B.
PNE Coda Attenuation and Scattering
Parameters in Northern Eurasia
Morse, Arthur L
Preliminary Electrical Designs for CTEX and AFIT Satellite Ground Station
Moshary, Fred
Exploring Techniques for Improving Retrievals of Bio-optical Properties of
Coastal Waters
Moszczienski, Joseph Roch
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
Motlagh, Siroos
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Mould, John
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
Moum, J N
Acoustic Propagation in Turbulent Layers
Moyers, Michael F.
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
Mudryj, Maria
Calpain-Dependent Proteolysis of the
Androgen Receptor
Mueller, Eric R.
Sub-millimeter wave frequency heterodyne detector system
Muhotzky, R. F.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Murphy, Dennis M.
Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an
Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, Volume 08-06, August
2006)
Murphy, John R
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Murphy, R
Exploring Solar Flares with Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Murphy, Robin R
Task Performance Metrics in Human-
Robot Interaction: Taking a Systems Approach
Murthy, Pappu L. N.
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Musselman, Jared
Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of
Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review
Muterspaugh, Matthew
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Myers, R E
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Myers, Stephen C.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
A Unified Approach to Joint
Regional/Teleseismic Calibration and
Event Location with a 3D Earth
Model
Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia
Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms
Myers, Stephen C
Modeling Travel-Time Correlations
Based on Sensitivity Kernels and Correlated Velocity Anomalies
Mykkeltveit, Svein
Basic Research on Seismic and Infrasonic Monitoring of the European Arctic
Naasz, Bo
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Naber, Nathan P
Real Time Fault Detection and Diagnostics Using FPGA-Based Architectures
Naghshvar, M
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing
Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
Nagy, Jr., Zoltan Frank
High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
Nairn, Bruce
Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington
Naito, Clay J.
Evaluation of Shear Tie Connectors for
Use in Insulated Concrete Sandwich
Panels
Nakamura, Kennon H
U.S. Initiatives to Promote Global Internet Freedom: Issues, Policy, and Technology
Nandikotkur, G.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Napier, Thomas R
Sustainable Materials Replacement for
Prevention of Corrosion at Fort Lewis,
WA
Narasimhan, Priya
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
Scalable Storage and Services
Naulty, Cheryl M
Children’s Hospice
Nava, Susan
Seismicity of Central Asia as Observed on Three IMS Stations
Navarro, J M
Cyberterrorism: The Silent Threat
B-32
Negraru, Petru T
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
Neitzel, G. Paul
Droplet transport system and methods
Nelson, Brian A
A Computational Cluster for Advanced
Plasma Physics Simulations
Nelson, Karen A
Understanding the Mechanisms of Platelet Alloimmunization and Its Prevention
Nemec, Marian
Moving Geometries and Viscous Flows
Using Embedded-boundary Cartesian
Grids
Nemeth, Michael P.
Approximate Pressure Distribution in an
Accelerating Launch-Vehicle Fuel
Tank
Buckling Imperfection Sensitivity of Axially Compressed Orthotropic Cylinders
Nessel, James A.
Directivity of a Sparse Array in the Presence of Atmospheric-Induced Phase
Fluctuations for Deep Space Communications
Newell, Carol E
Non-response on U.S.
Navy Quick
Polls
Newell, Clayton R
Operational Art in the Joint and Combined Arenas
Newkirk, Joseph
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Newman, P. A.
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Ng, K. Y.
Comments on the Slip Factor and the
Relation Delta Phi equal Negative H
Delta Theta
Ng, Tak-kwong
Reprogrammable field programmable gate array with integrated system for mitigating effects of single event upsets
Nguyen, Thuy D
Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
Nguyen, Thuy
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
Ni, Sidao
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Niall, Keith K
Mental Rotation, Pictured Rotation, and
Tandem Rotation in Depth
Nichols, B
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Nichols, J M
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
Nicholson, S B
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
Nida, Jonathan
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Nida, Randall
Aviation Base Building Kirkuk, Iraq
Nishihara, M
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Noel, Steven
Advanced Cyber Attack Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization
Nolan, Daniel J.
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Norman, Joel
An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
Norris, David E
Investigation of the Effects of Fine-Scale
Atmospheric Inhomogeneities on Infrasound Propagation
Nowak, Chris
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Nuevo, Michel
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Formation of Nucleobases from the UV
Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Interstellar Ice
Analogs
Nuth, Joseph A.
Trapping Planetary Noble Gases During the Fischer-Tropsch-Type Synthesis of
Organic Materials
Nyblade, Andrew A.
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Nyblade, Andrew A
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Oaida, Bogdan V.
NASA 2009 HyspIRI Science Workshop
Report
Oancea, Victoria
Nuclear Explosion and Infrasound Event
Resources of the SMDC Monitoring Research Program
Oboroceanu, Mari-Jana
American War and Military Operations
Casualties: Lists and Statistics
O’Connell, Edward
Human Capital Management for the
USAF Cyber Force
O’Connor, Kevin
Aviation Base Building Kirkuk, Iraq
O’Connor, Paul
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
O’Dea, Angela
A Review of the Safety Climate Literature as it Relates to Naval Aviation
O’Dea, Damien
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
O’Dell, Daniel
Development and Demonstration of a
Field-Deployable fast Chromotomographic Imager
O’Donnell, James
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Oesch, Denis W
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
Oesh, Denis
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Offord, B W
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
O’Flaherty, Brendan T
Casbar User’s Guide
Ohlandt, Chad
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Olson, Edwin
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Olson, Michael A.
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
Oman, Luke
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Opeka, M M
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
B-33
Orendorff, Chris
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Orlicki, Joshua A.
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
Orozco-Carmona, V M
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Orr, Shlomo
Goal-Oriented Intelligence in Optimization of Distributed Parameter Systems
Uncertain Predictions of Flow and Transport in Random Porous Media: The Implications for Process Planning and Control
Ortiz, V
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Osburn, Christopher L
Chemical Analysis of CDOM Sources in
Danish Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea-
North Sea Mixing Zone
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
Ostashev, Vladimir E.
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Ott, David
The Battle Control Center: A Report from the Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment (JEFX) ‘99
Otto, Jean L.
Department of Defense Position on Patient Movement During Influenza A
(H1N1) Pandemic: Implications for Actions Now
Otugen, M. V.
Optical MEMS-Based Seismometer
WHIGS
Ovidko, Ilya
Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Ceramic Composites
Owens, M. J.
Estimating Total Heliospheric Magnetic
Flux from Single-Point in Situ Measurements
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
Owens, M.
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the Hale Cycle
Owens, William A
The American Revolution in Military Affairs
Owings, H B
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
Oxenhan, Martin
An Overview of Conceptual Frameworks
Oxley, Mark E
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Ozaki, Tomochika
Bandwidth-Efficient Multicast Routing for
Multihop, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks
Ozbay, Ekmel
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Ozturk, B.
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Intermittency Behavior Along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure
Turbine Blade
Effect of Reynolds Number and Periodic
Unsteady Wake Flow Condition on
Boundary Layer Development, Separation, and Re-attachment along the Suction Surface of a Low Pressure Turbine
Blade
Paduan, Jeffrey D
Innovative Coastal-Ocean Observing
Network (ICON) Renewal
Pagel, C.
Residual Strahls in Solar Wind Electron
Dropouts: Signatures of Magnetic Connection to the Sun, Disconnection, or
Interchange Reconnection?
Paielli, Russell A.
Trajectory specification for high capacity air traffic control
Pak, Chan-gi
Application of Approximate Unsteady
Aerodynamics for Flutter Analysis
Palczer, A. R.
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
Paliwal, B
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Pan, Heng
Modeling and Simulation of a Laser
Deposition Process
Pandey, R B
Globular Structure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease (1DIFA dimer) in an Effective Solvent Medium by a Monte Carlo Simulation
Pandey, Ras
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer Composites
Parasuraman, Raja
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
Parham, Jr, James D
Component Hiding Using Identification and Boundary niques
Blurring Tech-
Park, Anson R
Simulation Analysis of High Velocity
Maintenance for the B-1B
Park, Minkyu
Deployment of Autonomous Hydrophone
Array in the Scotia Sea
Park, Yongcheol
Ground Truth, Magnitude Calibration, and Regional Phase Propagation and
Detection in the Middle East and the
Horn of Africa
Parker, Bradford, H.
A Comparison of the Capability of Sensitivity Level 3 and Sensitivity Level 4
Fluorescent Penetrants to Detect Fatigue
Cracks in Aluminum
Parker, J. M.
Environmentally Clean Mitigation of Undesirable Plant Life Using Lasers
Pasyanos, Micael E.
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Pasyanos, Michael B.
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
Pasyanos, Michael E.
Development and Tuning of a 3-D Stochastic Inversion Methodology for the
European Arctic
Pasyanos, Michael E
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
Improving Ms Estimates by Calibrating
Variable-Period Magnitude Scales at Regional Distances
Pasyanos, Michael E.
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
Pasyanos, Mike E.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
B-34
Paszynski, M
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Pate, B B
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
Patel, Janick
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Patrin, George D
Deployment Effects on Children and
Adolescents: Designing and Deploying a
Developmentally Appropriate Education and Screening Video Program for Military
Families
Patterson, Jacqueline
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Patterson, James E.
Pressure vessel with improved impact resistance and method of making the same
Patton, Howard J.
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Explosion Source Model Development in
Support of Seismic Monitoring Technologies: New Models Accounting for Shock-
Induced Tensile Failure
Paz, Richard D
Visualizing War Visual Technologies and
Military Campaign Planning
Pearson, Trent
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Pedersen, D. S.
Current Flow Through Two Dimensional
Arrays of Metal Nanoparticles as a Novel
Sensor Platform
Pedersen, Todd R.
Global Ionospheric Processes
Pederson, Larry R.
Durable Hybrid Coatings Annual Performance Report (2009)
Pedley, Michael D.
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Pehl, Richard H.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Pellizzari, Casey J
Phase Unwrapping in the Presence of
Strong Turbulence
Peltz, Eric
Stockage
Easy
Determination Made
Penanen, Konstantin I.
Low field SQUID MRI devices, components and methods
Peng, Ching-An
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Perez-Luna, Carlos
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Perkins, LeeAnn
Eliciting Expectations to Develop Trust in
Systems
Perlovsky, Leonid I
Semiotic Fundamentals of Information
Processing in Human Brain
Perry, James D
Operation Allied Force: The View from
Beijing
Perry, Mary J
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
Pesnell, William Dean
The Solar Dynamics Observatory: Your
Eye on the Sun
Peters, H E
Hydrogen Masers with Cavity Frequency
Switching Servos
Peterson, Michael W
Data Transparency: Empowering Decisionmakers
Petersson, Anders
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Petry, Frederick E
Uncertainty Modeling for Database Design using Intuitionistic and Rough Set
Theory
Petry, J
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Pettit, Brett
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Pettitt, Brian
Comparison Methodology for Robotic
Operator Control Units
Petty, Roger
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Pfitsch, Don W
Performance Evaluation of the ONR
Axial Waterjet 2 (AxWJ-2)
Pflug, Beth R
Elucidating the Role of Translocator Protein in Prostate Cancer
Phillippi, E
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Phillips, Dawn R.
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Phillips, Jeffrey
Validation of Individualized Fatigue Assessment Tools for Naval Aviation
Phillips, Robert G.
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
Phillips, W. S.
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Phillips, W. Scott
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Phillips, W Scott
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
Phoenix, S. Leigh
Fiber Breakage Model for Carbon Composite Stress Rupture Phenomenon:
Theoretical Development and Applications
Pichot, Christina S
Recruitment & Regulation of N-Wasp by
F-Bar Family Member CIP4 in Invasive
Breast Cancer Cells
Pick, K
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Pickup, Sharon L
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Picone, J M
Understanding and Forecasting the
Sun’s Impact on the Battlespace Environment
Piehler, Henry R
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
Pierrottet, Diego
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
B-35
Pike, Malcolm C
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by
Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early
First Birth
Pillalamarri, Krishna
The Effect of Appropriately and Inappropriately Applied Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator
Performance
Pilling, Keri
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Pingry, Jr, Richard E
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Pinsky, Vladimir I
On the CTBT Monitoring Potential of
Using LG-Phase Arrival Times at Local and Regional Distance Ranges
Pitarka, Arben
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Pittenger, Richard
A Brief History of Active Sonar
Platz, Elizabeth A
Telomere Length as a Predictor of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Pliavaka, F V
Development of Localized Arc Filament
RF Plasma Actuators for High-Speed and High Reynolds Number Flow Control
Plimpton, Steve
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Pogacnik, Jason
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Policelli, Frederick S.
Use of Remote Sensing Products for the
SERVIR Project
Pollak, Randall D
Damage Detection in Composite Interfaces through Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement
Pollock, Patrick
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
Polman, Albert
Surface Plasmon Enhanced Si:Er Infrared Light Emitting Diodes
Polyakov, Leonid M
Structured Approach to the Intelligent
System Design
Ponce, Adrian
Method and apparatus for distributed sensing of volatiles using a long period fiber grating sensor with modulated plastic coating for environmental monitoring
Ponnazhagan, Selvarangan
Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis
Pope, Brian M
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
Pope, Daniel
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Pope, Michael
Evaluation of Heterogeneous Options:
Effects of MgO versus UO2 Matrix Selection for Minor Actinide Targets in a Sodium Fast Reactor
Porter, Marc D.
Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
Porter, Peggy
Use of Exogenous Progestins and Risk or In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
Porter, Timothy
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Posey, D B
Organizational Options for the Future
Aerospace Force
Pottschmidt, Katja
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Pottschmidt, K.
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
Powner, David A
CYBERSECURITY: Continued Efforts
Are Needed to Protect Information Systems From Evolving Threats
Powner, David
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRAT-
EGY: Key Improvements Are Needed to
Strengthen the Nation’s Posture
Prasad, Paras N
Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics:
Translating Fundamental Nanostructure
Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion
Efficiency
Prato, Lisa
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Pratt, David M.
High-Temperature Liquid Metal Transport
Physics of Capillary Pumping Heat
Transport System (CPHTS) Research
(Preprint)
Pratt, Sharon
Generation topes
of Radioxenon Iso-
Price, Gary
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Proakis, John F
Interference Rejection and Management
Proakis, John G
Spatial Multiplexing in Random Wireless
Networks
Proakis, John
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Provis, John
Fire Resistance of Geopolymer Concretes
Prvulovic, Milos
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Przekop, Adam
Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
Integrated Thermal Protection System
Structure
Pugliese, Jennifer M
Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis in Personnel Returning from Operation Iraqi
Freedom
Pulli, Jay J
Hydroacoustic Calibration With Imploding Glass Spheres
Puperi, Daniel S.
Constellation Program DOLILU Operational Concepts
Purdy, W E
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Purdy, W
Development of a Bearingless Ammonia
Pump for Spacecraft Thermal Control
Putnam, Shannon D
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
Pyle, J. A.
High-Latitude Stratospheric Sensitivity to
QBO Width in a Chemistry-Climate
Model with Parameterized Ozone Chemistry
Qamar, A. Shams
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
B-36
Qiu, J X
Efficient Linearization of Microwave
Power Amplifiers
Qiu, Qinru
Performance and Power Optimization for
Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-
Submicron Very Large Scale Integration
(VLSI) Technology
Qu, M.
Advanced Building Efficiency Testbed
Initiative/Intelligent Workplace Energy
Supply System; ABETI/IWESS
Queen, Steve
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Quigg, C.
Brief Comments on Higgs Boson Discovery Potential of Future Tevatron Running
Quinn, John
Global Ionospheric Processes
Rachowicz, W
Hearing Protection for High-Noise Environments
Radil, Kevin C.
Advancements Toward Oil-Free Rotorcraft Propulsion
Rahman, Shamim A.
Worldwide Space Launch Vehicles and
Their Mainstage Liquid Rocket Propulsion
Rahman, Zia-ur
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
Raizen, M G
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Raj, S V.
Thermal Expansion of Vacuum Plasma
Sprayed Coatings
Raju, Ivantury S.
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
Rak, Andrew
Development of a Relative Source Contribution Factor for Hexahydro-1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Raman, Rema
Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Ramanujam, Nimmi
Miniature and Molecularly Specific Optical Screening Technologies for Breast
Cancer
Ramesh, K T
Dynamic Failure Processes Under Confining Stress in AlON, a Transparent
Polycrystalline Ceramic
Ramirez, A D
Threshold Voltage Tuning of Metal-Gate
MOSFET Using an Excimer Laser
Ramirez, Abe L.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Ransom, Jonathan B.
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Ranson, Willy
Lifelike Robotic Collaboration requires
Lifelike Information Integration
Rao, B D
An Adaptive Opportunistic Routing
Scheme for Wireless Ad-hoc Networks
Raphael, M P
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Rapko, B. M.
EFRT M12 Issue Resolution: Comparison of PEP and Bench-Scale Oxidative
Leaching Results
Rassat, S. D.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Caustic
Leach Rate Constants from PEP and
Laboratory-Scale Tests
Ratazzi, E. P.
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
Ratazzi, Paul
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Ratcliffe, James G.
An Overview of Innovative Strategies for
Fracture Mechanics at NASA Langley
Research Center
Rawlett, Adam M.
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
Ray, P
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
Reames, D. V.
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance
Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow
Solar Wind Regions
Rebotier, Thomas
Passing the Bubble: Cognitive Efficiency of Augmented Video for Collaborative
Transfer of Situational Understanding
Reed, Richard A
Extension of Ms(VMAX) to Global
Paths
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A New Classification of Information: A
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Federal Building and Facility Security
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Active Camouflage of Underwater Assets
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Reisse, Robert
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
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A Unified Approach to Joint
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Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for
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Aero-Optical Investigation of a Pod Directed Energy System
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Superimposed Code Theorectic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing
Repak, Paul
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Controlled Synthesis of Noncrystalline
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Random Shape and Reflectance Representations for 3D Assisted/Automated
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Rockell, Candice
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Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
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Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
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New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
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Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
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Performance Support Tools for Space
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Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
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Dive Angle Sensitivity Analysis for Flight
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Sustainable Materials Replacement for
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Testing and Validation of High Density
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Spectral Analysis of Radioxenon
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An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
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Environmental Stress Testing of the
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Nuclear Forensics: Measurements of
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Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Scott, Christine
Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment Program
Scott, Lynn M
Human Capital Management for the
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The Limits of Fair Use in Military Scholarship: When, How, and From Whom to
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Damage Threshold Characterization in
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Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
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PCBs Alter Dopamine Mediated Function in Aging Workers
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Feedback Control of a Circular Cylinder
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An Examination of SAR Image Interpretation Aids: Magnification and an Information Window
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N-CET: Network-Centric Exploitation and
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Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
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Injury-Specific Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis
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Thermal-Acoustic Analysis of a Metallic
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Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
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A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
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Better Decision Making Through Representation and Reduction of Uncertainty in
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NEPP Non-Volatile Memory FY09 Summary Report
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Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
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Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
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Army Robotics Technology: Evolution of
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Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
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Memory Reconsolidation and Computational Learning
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International Conference on Shallow Water Acoustics (2nd)
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High flow, low mobile weight quick disconnect system
Smith, Wilford
Robust Control Techniques Enabling
Duty Cycle Experiments Utilizing a
6-DOF Crewstation Motion Base, a Full
Scale Combat Hybrid Electric Power
System, and Long Distance Internet
Communications
Smith-Slep, Amy M
Family Maltreatment, Substance Problems, and Suicidality: Prevention Surveillance and Ecological Risk/ Protective
Factors Models
Snyder, John M.
Improving Low Order, Linear, Positive
Spatial Quadratures for the Partial Current Neutron Transport Method
Solomon, Sean C.
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
Soloviev, Andrey
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Soltis, Bryony W
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
Song, Kyongchan
Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Wing-Leading-
Edge Panels
Space Shuttle Orbiter Wing-Leading-
Edge Panel Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for Entry Conditions
Sonneborn, George
The James Webb Space Telescope Mission
Soukoulis, C M
Simulation and Micro-Fabrication of Optically Switchable Split Ring Resonators
Southward, C. Michael
Flight Results from the HST SM4 Relative Navigation Sensor System
Spangenberger, Paul F
V-22 Osprey Program: Are We Properly
Protecting This Valuable Asset and Its
Passengers?; Does It Meet the Full Requirement for All Future USMC Medium
Lift Operations?
Spanos, G
Enhancement of Electrical Properties by
Tailoring Nanoparticles in Holmiumdoped YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Superconductors
Sparks, Kyle
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Speer, Daniel S
Business Case Analysis: Restructuring of
Coast Guard Pacific Area Mental Health
Program
Spence, H. E.
Role of Coronal Mass Ejections in the
Heliospheric Hale Cycle
Spencer, Benjamin W
The Precious Sortie: The USA Air Force at the Intersection of Rising Energy
Prices, an Aging Fleet, a Struggling Recapitalization Effort, and Stressed Defense Budgets
Spoerke, Erik D.
Active Assembly for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Integrated Nanostructures
Sprintson, Alexander
Data transmission method
system and
Sreenivasan, Yogesh
Flexible Security Configuration for Virtual
Machines
Srinivasan, C
Strong Motion Studies in the Mines of
Kolar Gold Fields
Sritharan, S S
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell
Model of Turbulence
Srivastava, Shiv
Structure and Function of the Splice Variants of TMPRSS2-ERG, a Prevalent Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer
Stamatiou, Kostas
Spatial Multiplexing in Random Wireless
Networks
Starks, Michael
Global Ionospheric Processes
Starr, Jr , William J
Analysis of Slewing and Attitude Determination Requirements for CTEx
Starr, R. D.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Staszewski, James J.
The Right Tool for the Job: Information-
Processing Analysis in Categorization
Stead, Richard J.
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Stead, Richard
Seismic Characterization of Northeast
Asia
Stebbins, Robin
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
Stec, Daniel, III
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Steck, Lee K.
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Steck, Lee K
Geophysical Modeling in Eurasia: 2D
Crustal P and LG Propagation; Upper-
Mantle Shear Wave Propagation and
Anisotropy; and 3D, Joint, Simultaneous
Inversions
Steck, Lee K.
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Steck, Lee K
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Steck, Lee
Seismic Characterization of Northeast
Asia
B-43
Stedmon, Colin A
Quantitative and Qualitative Prediction of
Light Absorption by Colored Dissolved
Organic Matter in the Coastal
Zone
Steffens, Christopher
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Steggman, Petra
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Stein, T P
Developing Treatment, Treatment Validation, and Treatment Scope in the Setting of an Autism Clinical Trial
Steininger, M L
The Target Indicator Experiment on
TacSat-2
Stenger, David A
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat tion
Agents Detec-
Stephan, Ryan
Thermal Vacuum Test of Ice as a Phase
Change Material Integrated with a Radiator
Stephenson, L. D.
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Stevens, J. G.
REBUS-MCNP Linkage
Stevens, M H
Polar Clouds from Space Shuttle Exhaust
Stiver, John S.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Stocker, Russell
Identifying Blood Biomarkers and Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans with Superior Performance under
Psychological Stress
Stocklin, Frank J.
NASA’s Evolution to K(sub a)- Band
Space Communications for Near-Earth
Spacecraft
Stockman, Emanuel S
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
Stockton, Kevin L
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
Stolarski, David J
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
Stolarski, R. S.
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Stoltzfus, Joel
Oxygen Compatibility Assessment of
Components and Systems
Stone, William C
Mobile Robot Pose Tracking for Performance Analysis
Stoneking, Eric T.
Real-Time Visualization of Spacecraft
Telemetry for the GLAST and LRO Missions
Stott, Aaron
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Stough, M.
White LED with High Package Extraction
Efficiency
Stoyer, M. A.
Science Based Stockpile Stewardship,
Uncertainty Quantification, and Surrogate Reactions
Stramski, Dariusz
Measurements of Wave-Induced Fluctuations in Underwater Radiance under
Various Surface Boundary Conditions
Parallel Measurements of Light Scattering and Characterization of Marine Particles in Water: An Evaluation of Methodology
Strand, Michael P
Bistatic Underwater Optical Imaging Using AUVs
Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra
A Nanosensor for Explosives Detection
Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) and Surfaced-Enhanced
Raman Scattering (SERS)
Strayer, David
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Strong, Keith T.
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Strong, Yvonne M.
GSFC Heliophysics Science Division
2009 Science Highlights
Strothers, K
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Stroud, R M
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Stroud, Rhonda M.
279 - Xanes Studies on UV-Irradiated
Interstellar Ice Analogs: A Comparison to
STARDUST Samples
Stroud, Rhonda M
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
Stroujkova, Anastasia
Predicting Explosion-Generated SN and
LG Coda Using Syntheic Seismograms
Stryker, Amie C.
Development of Measures to Assess
Product Modularity and Reconfigurability
Stump, Brian W.
A Suite of Discriminants for Ground-Truth
Mining Events in the Western U.S. and
Its Implications for Discrimination Capability in Russia
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Suarez, Max
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
Suchy, S.
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
Suchy, Slawomir
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Suda, Tatsuya
Bandwidth-Efficient Multicast Routing for
Multihop, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks
Sullivan, Kevin J
Employing Kinematic Uncertainty in EO
Resolution Selection and Information-
Theoretic Sensor Tasking
Sullivan, Michael J
Defense Acquisitions: DOD Could
Achieve Greater Commonality and Efficiencies Among its Unmanned Aircraft
Systems
Sullivan, Michael
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Joint Strike Fighter: Significant Challenges and Decisions Ahead
B-44
Sundar, P
Large Deviations for the Stochastic Shell
Model of Turbulence
Sunderman, C
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Surianarayan, A
Software Tools for Design and Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Systems
Surmacz, Eva
HER2/Leptin Crosstalk in Breast Cancer
Susskind, Joel
AIRS Products Confirm and Explain Recent Negative Trends of OLR as Observed by CERES
Improved Determination of Surface and
Atmospheric Temperatures Using Only
Shortwave AIRS Channels: The AIRS
Version 6 Retrieval Algorithm
NASA’s Advancements in Space-Based
Spectrometry Lead to Improvements in
Weather Prediction and Understanding of Climate Processes
Suttle, Bruce E.
Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear
Explosion Monitoring
Suzuki, N. H.
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Swager, Timothy M.
High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications
Sweeney, Brendan
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
Sweeney, Jerry J.
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
Sweigart, Allen V.
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
Swerterlitsch, Jeffrey J.
2009 Continued Testing of the Orion Atmosphere ogy
Revitalization Technol-
Swiler, L. P.
Penetrator Reliability Investigation and
Design Exploration: From Conventional
Design Processes to Innovative
Uncertainty-Capturing Algorithms
Swim, Cynthia
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Swisdak, Jr, M M
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2
Ammunition
Symons, Neill P.
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Syroid, Noah
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Szu, Harold
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Szymanski, A
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Tabas, Ira
Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment
Strategies for Obesity-Associated Coronary Artery Disease, an Imminent Military
Epidemic
Tadda, George
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Taft-Morales, Maureen
Haiti Earthquake: Crisis and Response
Taheri, Mitra
Magnetism and Structure of ZnxFe3-xO4
Films Processed via Spin-Spray Deposition
Talay, Ted
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
Talmy, I G
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
Tamoria, Michelle R
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
loys
Al-
Tang, Ming-Jer
Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared
(SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor
Therapy
Tangney, John F.
AFOSR Programs in Higher Levels of
Information Fusion
Tannenbaum, Allen R
An Unsupervised Learning Approach for
Facial Expression Recognition using
Semi-Definite Programming and Generalized Principal Component Analysis
Tanner, Christopher L.
Structural Verification and Modeling of a
Tension Cone Inflatable Aerodynamic
Decelerator
Tao, Wei-Kuo
Using Multi-Scale Modeling Systems to
Study the cesses
Precipitation Pro-
Tardella, Neil M.
Visual object recognition and tracking
Tasker, F A
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Tatlicioglu, Enver
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
Tay, Tong E
Application of MCT Failure Criterion using EFM
Taylor, Bryant D.
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Taylor, Lindsay
Joint Strike Fighter: Additional Costs and
Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time
Taylor, Patrick T.
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Taylor, Steven R.
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Taylor, Steven R
Discrimination Calibration Analysis Methods for Regional Stations
Teare, S W
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
Teller, Seth
Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road
Networks with Vision and Lidar
Teng, Bill
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
Teplitz, Harry I.
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at Zeta Approximately
0.7
Tepool, John Eric
Sideload vanes for fluid pump
Terrazas, A Borunda
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Terrones, Mauricio
Biocompatibility and Toxicological Effects of Doped, Functionalized and Pure Carbon Nanotubes
Tesny, Neal
Hybrid Log Spiral With Loop Antenna
B-45
Tessler, Alexander
Interlaminar Stresses by Refined Beam
Theories and the Sinc Method Based on
Interpolation of Highest Derivative
Tewksbury-Christle, Carolyn M
The Aggregate Behavior of Branch
Points - Branch Point Density as a Characteristic of an Atmospheric Turbulence
Simulator (postprint)
Thake, C D
Biochemical Markers of Possible Immunodepression in Military Training in
Harsh Environments
Thiele, Todd E
The Role of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) In
Uncontrolled Alcohol Drinking and Relapse Behavior Resulting From Exposure to Stressful Events
Thio, Hong K
Synergy Between Remote Sensing and
Seismic Methods: Path Calibration
Thomas, Andrew
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Thomas, Dustin
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Multifunctional Vehicle Structural Health
Monitoring Opportunities With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Thomas, Robert J
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Optimization of Optical Density Requirements for Multi-Wavelength Laser
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
Thompson, Aidan
Crossing the Mesoscale No-Man’s Land via Parallel Kinetic Monte Carlo
Thompson, Dave
FSSC Science Tools: Pulsar Analysis
Thompson, Hayley
Increasing Early Detection of Prostate
Cancer in African American Men Through a Culturally Targeted Print Intervention
Thompson, William
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Thoms, Keith H
Austere Recovery of Cargo Gliders
Thomsen, Donald L.
Flexible thin metal film thermal sensing system
Thomsen, III, Donald L.
Thermally driven piston assembly and position control therefor
Thonburg, D
Tactical DIRCM Jamming Pod - Early
Operational Assessment
Thorn, Caitlin R
Off-Design Analysis of a High Bypass
Turbofan Using a Pulsed Detonation
Combustor
Thorpe, James Ira
Preliminary Investigations of an Optical
Assembly Tracking Mechanism for
LISA
Thorsen, Steven N
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Thronson, Harley
Gateway Architecture: A Major ‘Flexible
Path’ Step to the Moon and Mars After the International Space Station?
Thurber, Clifford H
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Tibbetts, Clark
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range tion
Biothreat Agents Detec-
Tichy, Wolfgang
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
Tilton, James C.
Image Segmentation Analysis for NASA
Earth Science Applications
Tirenin, Walt
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Tkalcic, Hrvoje
Crustal Structure of North Iraq from Receiver Function Analyses
Tobey, Uriah J
Mission Analysis for Multiple Rendezvous of Near-Earth Asteroids Using Earth
Gravity Assist
Toksoz, M N
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
Toksoz, M. N.
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
Toksoz, M N
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Tolotta, William S.
Composite ment
intersection reinforce-
Tom, Kwok F.
Survey of Diagnostic Techniques for Dynamic Components
Tong, Lorraine H
Federal Building and Facility Security
Tonini, Pietro
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Toon, Katherine P.
Development of a Modified Vacuum
Cleaner for Lunar Surface Systems
Topolski, Richard
Soldiers’ Toolbox for Developing Tactics,
Techniques,
(TTP)
and Procedures
Torrellas, Josep
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Torrione, Peter
Application of Markov Random Fields to
Landmine Discrimination in Ground Penetrating Radar Data
Toth, J. J.
EFRT M-12 Issue Resolution: Solids
Washing
Touma, Jimmy
Integrated Multi-Aperture Sensor and
Navigation Fusion
Townsend, David W
Growth and Phenomenology of Phytoplankton Thin Layers in the Gulf of
Maine
Toydas, Murat
Fuel Savings Opportunities From Air Refueling
Tracey, Eleanore
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
- Part One: An Evaluation of Training
Effectiveness
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Trafton, J G
A Task Domain for Combining and Evaluating Robotics and Cognitive Modeling
Techniques
Trees, Charles
Evaluation of a Submerged Remote
Sensing SRS Technique
Treger, D M
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Tressler, Chad H.
Environmental Control and Life Support
Integration Strategy for 6-Crew Operations
Tribble, David R
Clinical Treatment of Nondysentery Travelers’ Diarrhea During Deployment
B-46
Self Reported Incidence and Morbidity of
Acute Respiratory Illness among Deployed U.S. Military in Iraq and Afghanistan
Trickey, S T
Finer-Optic Strain Monitoring on a Navy
Cruiser
Trombka, J. I.
Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector
Neutron Detector
Tromp, Jeroen
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Trott, Kevin
Simulation for Dynamic Situation Awareness and Prediction III
Troutman, Pat
Exploration Roadmap Working Group
(ERWG) Data Collection, NASA’s Inputs
Truhlar, Donald G
A Density Functional That Accounts for
Medium-Range Correlation Energies in
Organic Chemistry (PREPRINT)
Tsao, Jen-Ching
Evaluation of Scaling Methods for Rotorcraft Icing
Tuck, James
The Bulk Multicore Architecture for Improved Programmability
Tueller, J.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Tunning, Maggie
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Turgut, Zafer
Microstructural and Magnetic Observations of Compacted FeCoV Nanoparticles
Twardowski, Michael
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for
RaDyO)
RaDyO (Hi Fi
Surfzone Water Properties Sensor
(SWAN)
Tweed, John
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
Recent Developments in Three Dimensional Radiation Transport Using the
Green’s Function Technique
Tycner, C
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Tylka, A. J.
A Comparison of Elemental Abundance
Ratios in SEP Events in Fast and Slow
Solar Wind Regions
Tyo, J S
LWIR Microgrid Polarimeter for Remote
Sensing Studies
Ueckermann, Mattheus P
Towards Next Generation Ocean Models: Novel Discontinuous Galerkin
Schemes for 2D Unsteady Biogeochemical Models
Uhlhorn, E.
Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
Ulam, Patrick D
Mission Specification and Control for Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles for
Indoor Target Discovery and Tracking
Ullengren, Matthew
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Comprehensive Planning and a Results-Oriented
Training Strategy Are Needed to Support
Growing Inventories
Ullman, David
Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT)
Umeres, Jose C
Augmenting Naval Capabilities in Remote Locations
Unger, Ronald J.
Ares 1-X Roll Control System Development
Upadhyaya, Shambhu
QoS-LI: QoS Loss Inference in Disadvantaged Networks - Part 2
Urick, V J
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Uriell, Zannette A
Non-response on U.S.
Navy Quick
Polls
Uybarreta, Prospero
Limited Investigation of Active Feel Control Stick System (Active Stick)
Vadlamudi, Ratna K
Hormonal Resistance and Metastasis:
ER-coregulator-Src Targeted
Therapy
Role of PELP1 in EGFR-ER Signaling
Crosstalk
Cells
in Ovarian Cancer
Vaezy, Shahram
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Vaia, Rich
Materials Characteristics and Surface
Morphology of a Cesium Iodide Coated
Carbon Velvet Cathode (POST-
PRINT)
Vaithianathan, T.
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Valcarce, Aldo A. R.
Global Clusters as Laboratories for Stellar Evolution
Valladares, Cesar
Global Ionospheric Processes
Vallerand, Andrew L.
Guide to Modelling and Simulation
(M&S) for NATO Network-Enabled Capability (‘M&S for NNEC’
Valley, Michael T.
Small Space Object Imaging: LDRD Final Report
van der Lee, Suzan
Evaluation of Regional Travel-Time and
Location Improvement Along the Tethyan
Margin Using a New Three-Dimensional
Velocity Model
van Wezel, Wout
Performance Characteristics of Planning
Actors
van Zyl, Deon
International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion (8th): Advancements in Energetic Materials and
Chemical Propulsion Held in Cape Town,
South Africa on 2-6 November
2009
VanDenHeuvel, Johan C.
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Vanderbeek, Richard
Laser Based Stand-Off Detection of Biological Agents
Vanek, Michael
Super Resolution Image Enhancement for a Flash Lidar: Back Projection
Method
Vanhoy, Lyndsay
The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions
Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
The SDF1-CXCR4 Axis Functions through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive
Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis
VanZante, Dale
Simulation of Turbine Tone Noise Generation Using a Turbomachinery Aerodynamics Solver
Varanasi, C
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Varshney, Pramod K
Adaptive Models and Fusion Algorithms for Information Exploitation
B-47
Vasir, Baldev
Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Addendum
Vazquez-Olvera, G
High Temperature Oxidation of Superalloys and Intermetallic Compounds
Vega-Duran, Jose T
Experience at the CENAM With Time and
Frequency Standards Signals Received by the Global Positioning System
(GPS)
Velasco, Arleen
Hyperspectral Imager for Coastal Ocean
(HICO)
Venkat, Narayanan
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space -- Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0016: Developing and Processing High Energy Density
Polymer Film Dielectrics for High Temperature Air Force Power Electronic Applications
Venkataraman, Mukundan
An Application Specific Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
Vergino, Eileen
Extension of the Caucasus Seismic Information Network Study into Central
Asia
Vescovini, Riccardo
Assessment of the Damage Tolerance of
Postbuckled Hat-Stiffened Panels Using
Single-Stringer Specimens
Vessot, Robert F
Analysis of Fundamental and Systematic
Effects Limiting Hydrogen Maser Frequency Stability
Vestal, Thomas
The Science and Technology of Cyber
Operations
Villavicencio, Victor I
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Vinacco, Michael J
ExFiT Flight Design and Structural Modeling for FalconLAUNCH VIII Sounding
Rocket
Vince, Julian
Exercise Black Skies 2008: Enhancing
Live Training Through Virtual Preparation
-- Part Two: An Evaluation of Tools and
Techniques
Vincent, R. Anthony
Investigation of Closed Loop Adaptive
Optics with the Deformable Mirror not in
Pupil Part 2: Theory (POST-
PRINT)
Vincent, W S
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Vollmer, Bruce
Terrestrial Hydrological Data from
NASA’s Hydrology Data and Information
Services Center (HDISC): Products, Services, and Applications
Vorobiev, Oleg
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Vounckx, Roger
Lifelike Robotic Collaboration requires
Lifelike Information Integration
Vowels, Christopher L.
Asymmetric Attention: Visualizing the
Uncertain Threat
Voyles, J. W.
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information August 2009
ACRF Instrumentation Status and Information July 2009
Vulcan, A
Redundant Time and Frequency Reference Units for Satellite Applications
Wachter, S. Blake
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Waddell, Bill
Proteus: New Insights for a New Age.
The Proteus Futures Academic Workshop (CSL, Issue Paper, Volume 10-06,
October 2006)
Wagenman, Seth B
Comparison of Classification Algorithms on MSTAR Data Using Risk-Based Empirical Statistics
Wagner, Gregory S.
A Model and Methods for Regional
Travel-Time Calculation
Walde, Robert
Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in
Coastal Environments at Okinawa
Walden, Randy
Rapid Prototyping: Leapfrogging into
Military Utility
Walke, Jon G.
Secure Autonomous Automated Scheduling (SAAS)
Walker, G J
Midterm Health and Personnel Outcomes of Recent Combat Amputees
Walker, Kris
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
Walker, Steven A.
Proton Lateral Broadening Distribution
Comparisons Between GRNTRN, MC-
NPX, and Laboratory Beam Measurements
Wallace, Katrine L
ProCEED Pilot Study (Prostate Cancer
Study of Ethnicity, Exercise and
Diet)
Wallace, R. D.
Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching
Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)
Wallner, Johannes
Fair Polyline Networks for Constrained
Smoothing of Digital Terrain Elevation
Data
Walsh, Marianne E
Validation of Sampling Protocol and the
Promulgation of Method Modifications for the Characterization of Energetic Residues on Military Testing and Training
Ranges
Walter, William R.
Applications of a Next-Generation MDAC
Discrimination Procedure Using Two-
Dimensional Grids of Regional P/S Spectral Ratios
Developing and Exploiting a Unique
Seismic Dataset from South African Gold
Mines for Source Characterization and
Wave Propagation
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Walter, William R
Identifying Isotropic Events Using a Regional Moment Tensor Inversion
Walter, William R.
Regional Seismic Amplitude Modeling and Tomography for Earthquake-
Explosion Discrimination
Seismic Simulations Using Parallel Computing and Three-Dimensional Earth
Models to Improve Nuclear Explosion
Phenomenology and Monitoring
Walters, J
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Wang, Chunsheng
Novel Electro-Analytical Tools for Phase-
Transformation als
Electrode Materi-
Wang, Gang
Moats and Drawbridges: An Isolation
Primitive for Reconfigurable Hardware
Based Systems
Wang, Hailan
An Assessment of the Potential Predictability of Drought Over the USA Based on
Climate Model Simulations with Specified SST
Wang, H
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Wang, Lui
The NASA Constellation Program Procedure System
B-48
Wang, P F
A Partnership for Modeling the Marine
Environment of Puget Sound, Washington - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Report
Wang, S.
Current Flow Through Two Dimensional
Arrays of Metal Nanoparticles as a Novel
Sensor Platform
Wang, Tongan
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Wang, Zheng
Testing and Validation of High Density
Resequencing Microarray for Broad
Range Biothreat tion
Agents Detec-
Ward, J M
Proposed U.S. Quantity-Distance Rules for Hazard Division 1.2
Ammunition
Warner, Norman
The Process of Achieving Collaborative
Knowledge in Asynchronous Collaboration (CASC)
Warren, Glen A.
Design and Construction of an Ultra-
Low-Background 14 Germanium Crystal
Array for High Efficiency and Coincidence Measurements
Wasserman, Lawrence
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Watabe, Kounosuke
The Role of Tumor Metastases Suppressor Gene, Drg-1, in Breast Cancer
Watkin, Kenneth L
Helmet Integrated Nanosensors, Signal
Processing and Wireless Real Time Data
Communication for Monitoring Blast Exposure to Battlefield Personnel
Watson, Kenneth C
Prowler: Best for the Future?
Waugh, D. W.
Mechanisms and Feedbacks Causing
Changes in Upper Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century
Weatherless, Rachel
Evaluation of Auditory Characteristics of
Communications and Hearing Protection
Systems (C&HPSs) Part 1 - Sound Attenuation
Sounds
to Low-Intensity
Weaver, K. A.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Webb, Timothy S.
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
Wegeng, R. S.
An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated
Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-
Duration Lunar Exploration
Wei, Shengji
Advanced Waveform Simulation for Seismic Monitoring
Weichel, Eric D
Combat Ocular Trauma Visual Outcomes during Operations Iraqi and Enduring
Freedom
Weidemann, A
Improving Underwater Imaging with
Ocean Optics Research
Weimer, C S
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Weiner, Andrew M
Photonic Synthesis and Processing of
Ultrabroadband Radio-Frequency Waveforms
Weiser, Erik S.
Validation of a Polyimide Foam Model for
Use in Transmission Loss Applications
Weissgerber, Kurt
Developing an Effective and Efficient
Real Time Strategy Agent for Use as a
Computer Generated Force
Weitz, Ronald L.
A Probabilistic Approach to Uncertainty
Analysis in NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments
Welliver, Terrence M
Configuration Tool Prototype for the
Trusted
Project
Computing Exemplar
Wells, B. K.
Hypervelocity Impact Testing of
IM7/977-3 with Micro-Sized Particles
Wells, Timothy S.
Modifiable Characteristics Associated with Training Success Among U.S. Air
Force Tactical Air Control Party Candidates. Battlefield Airmen Study, Part
B
Welniak, Lisbeth
Immune Response Augmentation in Metastasized Breast Cancer by Localized
Therapy Utilizing Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids. Addendum
Welsch, Lawrence A
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
Welter, John
Corrosion Damage Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors
Wert, R A
Near-Earth Radio Frequency Propagation
Westinskow, Dwayne
Method and apparatus for monitoring dynamic cardiovascular function using n-dimensional representatives of critical functions
Wettergren, Thomas A
Assessing Design Tradeoffs in Deploying
Undersea Distributed Sensor Networks
Whalen, B P
FREND: Pushing the Envelope of Space
Robotics
Wheeler, George
Wake Island Supplemental Environmental Assessment
Whitaker, Rod
InfraMonitor: A Tool for Regional Infrasound Monitoring
Whitaker, Rodney W
Infrasound Signals from Ground-Motion
Sources
Whitaker, Rodney
Infrasound in the Zone of Silence
Whiting, Bernard
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
Whitsett, Adrian
Communications Channels in the Sahel
Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study
Whittaker, Maverick A
Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as
Federal Coordinating Center, National
Disaster Medical System: An Analysis of
Activation Preparedness
Whittam, Kimberly P
Non-response on U.S.
Navy Quick
Polls
Wick, Charles H
Malvern Nano ZS Particle Size Comparison with the Integrated Virus Detection
System (IVDS)
Wiese, Thomas E
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of Breast
Cancer
Developing Breast Cancer Program at
Xavier; Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Involved in Xenohormone and MEK5 Regulation of
Breast
Wieseman, Carol D.
Aeroelasticity Benchmark Assessment:
Subsonic Fixed Wing Program
Wilcox, C
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(CFRP) Telescope Program at the Naval
Research Laboratory
B-49
Wilder, Morris E
Defense Medical Human Resources
System-internet (DMHRSi): A Case
Study on Compliance and Accuracy
Will, I
CREW Modeling of Effectiveness and
Compatibility for Operational Test and
Evaluation
Willard, M A
Magnetism, Structure and the Effects of
Thermal Aging on (Fe1xMnx)73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1
Alloys
Mossbauer Measurements for a Nanocrystalline loy
Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Al-
Willard, Matthew A
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
Lorentz Microscopy Observations of a
Nanocrystalline Fe44Co44Zr7B4Cu1 Alloy
Soft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys for
High Temperature Applications
Williams, Christopher S
Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation
Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide
Williams, David R.
PDS Lunar Data Node Restoration of
Apollo In-Situ Surface Data
Williams, James H.
Pressure Flammability Thresholds of Selected Aerospace Materials
Williams, K J
High-Fidelity Analog Fiber Optics and
Photonics for Military Applications
Williams, Steven P.
Enhanced Vision for All-Weather Operations Under NextGen
Part-Task Simulation of Synthetic and
Enhanced Vision Concepts for Lunar
Landing
Williamson, Eric
Performance of Steel Stud Walls Subjected to Blast Loads
Willis, M. E.
Natural and Induced Fracture Diagnostics from 4-D VSP Low Permeability Gas
Reservoirs
Willy, Yesurathernam A
Strong Motion Studies in the Mines of
Kolar Gold Fields
Wilms, J.
4U 1909+07:
Pearl
A Well-Hidden
Wilms, Jorn
A Comprehensive Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1907+09 from Two
Observations with the Suzaku X-Ray Observatory
Wilshusen, Gregory C
CYBERSECURITY: Continued Efforts
Are Needed to Protect Information Systems From Evolving Threats
Wilson, Cary W
Performance of a Small Internal Combustion Engine Using N-Heptane and
Iso-Octane
Wilson, D. Keith
Staggered-Grid Finite-Difference Acoustic Modeling with the Time-Domain Atmospheric Acoustic Propagation Suite
(TDAAPS)
Wimbish, Bill
Proteus: New Insights for a New Age.
The Proteus Futures Academic Workshop (CSL, Issue Paper, Volume 10-06,
October 2006)
Wineland, D J
Trapped-Ion Frequency Standards
Winter, L. M.
Mid-IR Properties of an Unbiased AGN
Sample of the Local Universe
Wintucky, Edwin G.
High Efficiency Ka-Band Solid State
Power Amplifier Waveguide Power Combiner
Wissemann, Michael W
Standardization and Implementation of a
Standard Emergency Code Call System within Estern Region Medical Command
Woike, Mark R.
Crack-Detection Experiments on Simulated Turbine Engine Disks in NASA
Glenn Research Center’s Rotordynamics
Laboratory
Wojcik, Frank A
Human Factors Reach Comfort Determination Using Fuzzy Logic
Wojcik, Greg
3D PMN Flextensional Stave Modeling
Wolf, S A
Spintronics: A Spin-Based Electronics Vision for the Future
Wolpert, Lawrence
SCIPR: A Computational Model to Simulate Cultural Identities for Predicting Reactions to Events
Wong, Carolyn
Implications of Aggregated DoD Information Systems for Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation
Wong, Chien P
Programmable Front-End Data Acquisition Module for Radio-Xenon Monitors
Wood, Dan M
Policy Analysis of Surgical Utilization at
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
Wood, D
Wide Field of View Imaging with a VHF
Phased Array
Woodard, Stanley E.
Damage detection/locating system providing thermal protection
Woodell, Glenn A.
The Spatial Vision Tree: A Generic Pattern Recognition Engine- Scientific Foundations, Design Principles, and Preliminary Tree Design
Woods, M T
Automated Source Depth Estimation Using Array Processing Techniques
Woodward, John
DoD Biometric Conformity Assessment
Initiative
Woodward, Jr, John D
Using Biometrics to Achieve Identity
Dominance in the Global War on Terrorism
Woodward, Jr, John
DoD’s Collaborative Approach to Developing Biometrics Standards
Wotawa, Gerhard
The CTBTO/WMO Atmospheric Backtracking Response System and the Data
Fusion Exercise 2007
Wrbanek, John D.
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
Wright, Robert
Agents Technology Research
Wright, Steve T.
Corrective Lens Use and Refractive Error
Among USA Air Force Aircrew
Wroblewski, Elizabeth
The Process of Achieving Collaborative
Knowledge in Asynchronous Collaboration (CASC)
Wu, Honglu
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
Wu, Qing
Performance and Power Optimization for
Cognitive Processor Design Using Deep-
Submicron Very Large Scale Integration
(VLSI) Technology
Wu, W
Development of a Spray System for an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform
Wu, Xizeng
X-Ray Phase Imaging For Breast Cancer
Detection
Wu, Yan
Surface and bulk modified high capacity layered oxide cathodes with low irreversible capacity loss
Wu, Zhiqiang
Signal Classification in Fading Channels
Using Cyclic Spectral Analysis
B-50
Wysong, Ingrid
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Xia, Fen
Rendering DNA Repair Defective by Targeting Wild-type BRCA1 Nuclear Shuttling in Sporadic Breast Cancer as a
Therapeutic Agent
Xian, Bin
Adaptive Control of a Class of MIMO
Nonlinear Systems in the Presence of
Additive Input and Output Disturbances
Xiao, Hua
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism(s)
Underlying ER+/PR- Breast Tumorigenesis Using a Novel Genetically Engineered Mouse Model
Xiao, Liqing
Regulation of PKCdelta Apoptotic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells by Tyrosine
Phosphorylation
Xiaofan, Liu
An Automatic Measurement System for
RF Pulse Stability Parameters
Xie, Huikai
Development of High-Fill-Factor Large-
Aperture Micromirrors for Agile Optical
Phased Arrays
Xie, Xiao-Bi
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Xin, Hao
Human Ears Inspired Passive Microwave
Direction Finding
Xu, Jinshan
Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Prediction of
Transmission Loss in a Continental
Shelfbreak Region: Predictive Skill, Uncertainty Quantification and Dynamical
Sensitivities
Xu, Roger
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Xu, Xiaojiang
Real Time Thermoregulatory Model for
Extreme Cold Stress: Applicable to Objective Force Warrior (OFW)
Yamakov, Vesselin I.
Modeling Near-Crack-Tip Plasticity from
Nano- to Micro-Scales
Yamamoto, R. M.
Environmentally Clean Mitigation of Undesirable Plant Life Using Lasers
Yang, B T
Growth of High Quality Carbon Nanotubes on Free Standing Diamond Substrates
Yang, Bo
Nonstandard and Higher-Order Finite-
Difference Methods for Electromagnetics
Yang, J
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
Yang, Jie
Modulation Diversity in Waveform Design
Yang, Jin-Ming
The Importance of Autophagy in Breast
Cancer Development and Treatment
Yang, S
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Yang, T C
Acoustic Dopplergram for Intruder Defense
Yang, Xiaoning D.
Development of Regional Phase Tomographic Attenuation Models for Eurasia
Yang, Xiaoning
Empirical and Theoretical Seismic Energy Partitioning from Explosions Under
Different Confinement and Media Conditions
Location Improvements in East Asia: Tomographic Model Analysis and Utilizing
Public Data for Ground Truth Identification
Toward a Rayleigh Wave Attenuation
Model for Asia and Surrounding Regions
Yang, Xiuwei
Critical Roles of CD151-alpha6beta1 and
CD151-alpha6beta4 Integrin Complexes in Human Ovarian Cancer
Yang, Yingjie
Short-Period Surface-Wave Dispersion from Ambient Noise Tomography in
Western China
Yavuz, Murat
Optimizing an F-16 Squadron Weekly
Pilot Schedule for the Turkish Air
Force
Yeates, Alan T.
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DE-
VELOPMENT (CR&D). Delivery Order
0044: Accelerated Computational Approach to Multi-Scale Relaxation in
Nanoparticulate-Polymer Composites
Yee, Kin
Effect of Chemistry and Particle Size on the Performance of Calcium Disilicide
Primers. Part 1 - Synthesis of Calcium
Silicide (CaSi2) by Rotary Atomization
Yeh, Hen-Geul
Wave Front Sensor for Solar Concentrator Control
Yeo, Hyeonsoo
Comparison of Rotor Structural Loads
Calculated Using Comprehensive Analysis
Yew, Kenneth S
A Systematic Process to Prioritize Prevention Activities: Sustaining Progress
Toward the Reduction of Military Injuries
Yin, Luzhong
Three-Axis Seismometer
Yocum, K. Michael
Improvement in Ge Detector Cooling
Improving Germanium Detector Resolution and Reliability
Yoon, Jinhwan
STIR: Active
Constructs
Polymer Micro-
Young, Anthony M
Scene Change Artifacts in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Temporally Changing Sources
Young, Chris
Implementation of a Pseudo-Bending
Seismic Travel-Time Calculator in a Distributed Parallel Computing Environment
Robust, Extensible Representation of
Complex Earth Models for Use in Seismological Software Systems
Young, Christopher J.
A 3D Tomographic Model of South Central Asia Based on Pn Travel Times from
GT Events
Young, Christopher J
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering
Young, Christopher M.
Gadolinium Oxide / Silicon Thin Film
Heterojunction Solid-State Neutron Detector
Young, Shawn
Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric
Flux Transport (ADAPT) Model
Yu, Jian-Xin
Prostate Cancer Evaluation: Design,
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel
Enzyme-Activated Proton MRI Contrast
Agents
Yu, Lingyu
A Multi-Mode Sensing System for Corrosion Detection Using Piezoelectric Wafer
Active Sensors
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Damage Detection in Cylindrical Shell
Structures
Yuan, Yading
Correlative Feature Analysis for Multimodality Breast CAD
Yue, Dick K
A Direct Simulation-Based Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean
Yun, Hee
Methods for producing silicon carbide architectural preforms
B-51
Zabaras, Nicholas
Advanced Computational Techniques for the Design of Deformation Processes
Zabrajsek, Andrew J.
High Pressure Angle Gears: Preliminary
Testing Results
Zaidi, Sohail H
Measurements of Combustion Properties in a Microwave Enhanced Flame (Postprint)
Zalalutdinov, M K
Single Crystal Diamond Nanomechanical
Dome Resonator
Zander, Nicole E.
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of
Poly (4-vinylpyridine) Crosslinked with
Metal Salts
Zaneveld, Ron
High Fidelity VSF Measurements and
Inversion for
RaDyO)
RaDyO (Hi Fi
Zavala, R T
Disks Surrounding Massive Stars: When
Computational Models are Confronted by
Observations
Zavala, R
Combined Spectroscopic and Interferometric (NPOI) Observations of the Be
Star o Cassiopeiae
Zaykoski, J A
Synthesis, processing and properties of
TaC-TaB2-C Ceramics
Zderic, Vesna
Interference-free ultrasound imaging during HIFU therapy, using software tools
Zeidler, James R
Interference Rejection and Management
Space-Time Processing for Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Spatial Multiplexing in Random Wireless
Networks
Zeifman, Micheal
Non-equilibrium Numerical Model of Homogeneous Condensation in Argon and
Water Vapor Expansions
Zeigler, Bernard P
Measuring Cooperative Robotic Systems
Using Simulation-Based Virtual Environment
Zhang, Guangfan
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Zhang, Haijiang
Three-Dimensional Seismic Imaging of
Eastern Russia
Zhang, William W.
NuSTAR and IXO Missions
X-Ray Optics: Past, Present, and Future
Zhang, Xiaodong
Agent-Based Automated Algorithm Generator
Zhang, Ye
Distributions of Low- and High-LET
Radiation-Induced Breaks in Chromosomes are Associated with Inter- and
Intrachromosome Exchanges
Zhao, Jing
Three-Axis Seismometer
Zhao, Le
Formulating Simple Structured Queries using Temporal and Distributional Cues in Patents
Zhao, Ming
New Frontiers in Binary Stars: Science at
High Angular Resolution
Zhao, Yan
A Density Functional That Accounts for
Medium-Range Correlation Energies in
Organic Chemistry (PREPRINT)
Zheng, Y.
White LED with High Package Extraction
Efficiency
Zhong, Xiaolin
Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic
Boundary Layer Receptivity, Transient
Growth and Transition With Surface
Roughness
Zhu, Dongming
Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor Development for Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC)
Systems
Zhu, Tao
Next Generation Robust Low Noise Seismometer for Nuclear Monitoring
Zhu, Yimei
In-situ Lorentz TEM Cooling Study of
Magnetic Domain Configurations in
Ni2MnGa
Zhu, Yujie
Novel Electro-Analytical Tools for Phase-
Transformation als
Electrode Materi-
Zimmerman, Hal
Human Response to Explosion-Induced
Noise and Vibrations
Zimmerman, Noah
Towards Measuring the Performance of
Architectural Components of Autonomous Vehicular Systems
Ziolo, Ronald F
New Meta and Nanomaterials for Photorefractive Enhancement and Photorefractive Two-Beam Coupling
Synthesis of Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics Applications
Zlochower, Yosef
Post-Newtonian Initial Data with Waves:
Progress in Evolution
Zohner, Justin J
Dynamic Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions: Measurement and
Representation
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulse Duration, Spot Size Dependency, and
Model Predictions for 1.54-mum Near-
Infrared Laser Pulses Penetrating Porcine Skin
Zudilin, W.
Experimental Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
Zumberge, Mark
A Portable Infrasonic Sensor Calibrator
Down to at Least 8 HZ
Zurbuchen, Thomas H.
MESSENGER Observations of Extreme
Magnetic Tail Loading and Unloading
During its Third Flyby of Mercury: Substorms?
B-52
