Guided Reading Activity
Industrialization and Nationalism
Lesson 3 Nationalism, Unification, and Reform
Review Questions
I.
Toward National Unification
A. The effect of the crimean War was to destroy the Concert of Europe; Austria and Russia became
enemies.
B. King Victor Emmanuel II, Camillo di Cavour, and Giuseppe Garibaldi helped Italy achieve unification.
C. Count Otto von Bismarck used politics reality, politics based on practical matters, to help achieve
German unification.
D. With Prussia’s militaristic and authoritarian values triumphant, William I became kaiser of the strongest
power in Europe.
II.
Nationalism and Reform in Europe
A. Social and political reforms undertaken by the British parliament and Great Britain’s continued economic
growth helped the British avoid revolutionary upheavals.
B. Under Napoleon III, the authoritarian French government limited Civil liberties, but distracted the public
by expanding the economy.
C. After opposition arose in the 1860s, Napoleon III began to Liberalize his regime.
D. The Austrian Empire, a multinational empire, was defeated by Prussia in 1866.
E.
The Comprise of 1867 created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
F. After defeat in the Crimean War, Russian czar Alexander II decided to make several reforms, such as
issuing an emancipation edict that freed the serfs.
III. Nationalism in the United States
A. In the United States, federalist, who favored a strong central government, fought with republicans, who
wanted state governments to have more power.
B. In the Civil War, which ended in 1865, the North favored abolitionism, a movement to end slavery.
Summary and Reflection
Directions: Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below.
How did conflict affect the political climate in nineteenth-century Europe and the United States?
It affected it in a lot of different ways, like the Italian and German unification, the Franco-Prussian war, the
dual monarchy of Austria Hungary, Alexander II’s liberation of the serfs etc.
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