Chapter 12 Helminths and Arthropods & Chapter 16 Innate Immunity
All of the following are characteristic of the Platyhelminthes EXCEPT that they
A) are hermaphroditic.
B) are dorsoventrally flattened.
C) have highly developed digestive and nervous systems.
D) can be divided into flukes and tapeworms.
E) are multicellular animals.
Answer: C
2.Arthropod vectors are blood-sucking animals such as ticks, lice, and fleas that transmit microbial
pathogens: TRUE
3.Helminthic diseases are usually transmitted to humans by
A) respiratory route.
B) genitourinary route.
C) gastrointestinal route.
D) vectors.
E) aerosols.
Answer: C
4.In helminth life cycles, the organism that harbors the adult sexually reproductive phase of the
parasite is called the intermediate host: FALSE
5.The Platyhelminthes group includes roundworms, tapeworms, and flukes: FALSE
6.Which of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human
host?
A) lice
B) fleas
C) houseflies
D) mosquitoes
E) kissing bugs
Answer: C
7.Which of the following statements regarding protozoa is FALSE?
A) Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes.
B) Nearly all protozoa cause disease.
C) Most protozoa reproduce asexually.
D) Protozoa are common in water and soil.
E) Some protozoan pathogens are transmitted by arthropod vectors.
Answer: B
8.Which of the following tends to be more complex in a parasitic helminth than in free-living
helminths?
A) digestive system
B) nervous system
C) reproductive system
Chapter 12 Helminths and Arthropods & Chapter 16 Innate Immunity
D) digestive and nervous systems
E) digestive, reproductive, and nervous systems
Answer: C
1) Innate immunity
A) is slower than adaptive immunity in responding to pathogens.
B) is nonspecific and present at birth.
C) involves a memory component.
D) involves T cells and B cells.
E) provides increased susceptibility to disease.
Answer: B
2) All of the following protect the skin and mucous membranes from infection EXCEPT
A) multiple layers of cells.
B) tears.
C) saliva.
D) HCl.
E) the "ciliary escalator."
Answer: D
3) The function of the "ciliary escalator" is to
A) propel inhaled dust and microorganisms toward the throat.
B) remove microorganisms from the gastrointestinal tract.
C) remove microorganisms from the lower respiratory tract.
D) remove microorganisms from the upper respiratory tract.
E) trap inhaled dust and microorganisms in mucous and propel it away from the lower respiratory tract.
Answer: E
4) Which of the following exhibits the highest phagocytic activity?
A) neutrophils
B) erythrocytes
C) macrophages
D) basophils
E) eosinophils
Answer: C
5) A differential cell count is used to determine each of the following EXCEPT
A) the total number of white blood cells.
B) the numbers of each type of white blood cell.
C) the number of red blood cells.
D) leukocytosis.
E) leukopenia.
Answer: C
6) All of the following increase blood vessel permeability EXCEPT
A) kinins.
B) prostaglandins.
Chapter 12 Helminths and Arthropods & Chapter 16 Innate Immunity
C) lysozymes.
D) histamine.
E) leukotrienes.
Answer: C
7) A child falls and suffers a deep cut on her leg. The cut went through her skin and she is bleeding.
Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes?
A) mucociliary escalator
B) normal skin flora
C) phagocytosis in the inflammatory response
D) acidic skin secretions
E) lysozyme
Answer: C
8) Normal microbiota provide protection from infection in each of the following ways EXCEPT
A) they produce antibacterial chemicals.
B) they compete with pathogens for nutrients.
C) they make the chemical environment unsuitable for nonresident bacteria.
D) they produce lysozyme.
E) they change the pH of the environment.
Answer: D
9) Each of the following provides protection from phagocytic digestion EXCEPT
A) M protein.
B) capsules.
C) formation of phagolysosomes.
D) leukocidins.
E) biofilms.
Answer: C
10) The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid
A) returns to the blood.
B) goes into lymph capillaries.
C) is excreted in urine.
D) is lost as perspiration.
E) is transported into macrophages.
Answer: B
11) Which of the following statements about fixed macrophages is FALSE?
A) They are found in certain tissues and organs.
B) They develop from neutrophils.
C) They are cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system.
D) They are mature monocytes.
E) They gather at sites of infection.
Answer: B
Chapter 12 Helminths and Arthropods & Chapter 16 Innate Immunity
12) Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT
A) phagocytosis.
B) inflammation.
C) production of antibody.
D) production of interferon.
E) activation of complement.:
Answer: C
13) Which of the following is involved in resistance to parasitic helminths?
A) basophils
B) eosinophils
C) lymphocytes
D) monocytes
E) neutrophils
Answer: B
14) Macrophages arise from which of the following?
A) basophils
B) eosinophils
C) lymphocytes
D) monocytes
E) neutrophils
Answer: D
15) All of the following are iron-binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT
A) lactoferrin.
B) transferrin.
C) hemoglobin.
D) siderophorin.
E) ferritin.
Answer: D
16) Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body
fluid?
A) lysozyme — tears and saliva
B) mucociliary escalator — intestines
C) very acidic pH— stomach
D) keratin and tightly packed cells — skin
E) cerumen and sebum — ear
Answer: B
17.The dermis is composed of connective tissue and provides protection from the external
environment.: False
18.Digestion of microorganisms occurs in phagosomes.: False
19.Microorganisms that are members of the normal microbiota are also known to cause disease.: True