Biology
Chapter 34: Reproduction and Development
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 20. Puberty usually begins between the ages of
a. 5 and 8.
b. 9 and 15.
c. 16 and 19.
d. 20 and 25.
____ 23. Put the following events in the order in which they occur at the beginning of puberty.
I. FSH and LH are released.
II. Estrogens or testosterone cause the development of features such as breast development in
females and the deepening of the voice in males.
III. The hypothalamus sends a signal to the pituitary gland.
IV. The gonads begin to mature.
a.
b.
c.
d.
II, III, I, IV
I, III, II, IV
IV, II, I, III
III, I, IV, II
Figure 34-2
____ 25. In Figure 34–2, which part of the sperm cell contains mitochondria necessary to power its trip
through the reproductive system?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. all of the above
____ 26. Which part of the sperm cell shown in Figure 34–2 contains enzymes vital to fertilization?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A
B
C
all of the above
____ 27. About how many sperm are in one milliliter of semen?
a. 1,000-5,000
b. 250,000-500,000
c. 1-2 million
d. 50-130 million
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____ 28. A female’s ovaries release about how many mature eggs in her lifetime?
a. 100
b. 400
c. 50,000
d. 400,000
____ 29. Which of the following is NOT a phase in the menstrual cycle?
a. menstruation
b. luteal
c. fertilization
d. ovulation
____ 30. When during the menstrual cycle does an egg have the best chance of being fertilized?
a. during the follicular phase
b. just before menstruation
c. the beginning of the luteal phase
d. the day of ovulation
____ 31. Menstruation does not occur if the
a. uterine lining thickens.
b. estrogen level falls.
c. progesterone level falls.
d. egg is fertilized.
____ 32. In 2008, a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention showed that how many girls
and young women aged 14 to 19 were infected with a sexually transmitted disease?
a. 1 in 4
b. 1 in 40
c. 1 in 400
d. 1 in 4,000
____ 33. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is caused by bacteria?
a. hepatitis B
b. genital warts
c. AIDS
d. gonorrhea
____ 34. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is caused by a virus?
a. syphilis
b. chlamydia
c. genital herpes
d. gonorrhea
____ 35. The most commonly reported bacterial infection in the United States is
a. AIDS.
b. chlamydia .
c. genital herpes.
d. gonorrhea.
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____ 36. What is occurring in step 1 in Figure 34–3?
a. fertilization
b. formation of a zygote
c. ovulation
d. formation of a blastocyst
Figure 34-3
____ 37. In which structure in Figure 34–3 is fertilization occurring?
a. ovary
b. Fallopian tube
c. uterus
d. uterine wall
____ 38. Immediately after what stage in Figure 34–3 do the cell layers of the embryo begin to develop?
a. 1
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
____ 39. During the process of fertilization, which step happens first?
a. The sperm’s nucleus enters the egg cell.
b. Enzymes break down the protective layer of the egg cell membrane.
c. A sperm attaches to a binding site on the egg cell membrane.
d. The cell membrane of the egg cell changes.
____ 40. Which of the following is a function of the placenta?
a. mixing the blood of the mother and the fetus
b. protecting the fetus from drugs, such as alcohol, in the mother’s body
c. providing nutrients to the fetus
d. cushioning and protecting the fetus
____ 41. If a woman is who is infected with HIV becomes pregnant,
a. the placenta will protect the fetus from HIV.
b. HIV can cross the placenta and infect the fetus.
c. HIV could harm the placenta.
d. the fetus will probably recover quickly from the disease.
____ 42. Pitocin is a synthetic drug that is often used to stimulate uterine contractions. Which hormone has
a similar function?
a. thyroxine
b. FSH
c. oxytocin
d. prolactin
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____ 43. Read the following statements that describe childbirth. What is the correct order in which they
occur?
1) Contractions force the baby out through the vagina.
2) Amniotic sac breaks and the fluid it contains rushes into the vagina.
3) The umbilical cord is clamped and cut.
4) The placenta and the amniotic sac are expelled from the uterus.
a.
b.
c.
d.
4,2,1,3
2,1,3,4
1,3,2,4
3,2,4,1
____ 44. At what stage can a fetus’s heart first be heard by a stethoscope?
a. 1–3 months
b. 4–6 months
c. 7–8 months
d. 9 months
____ 45. Babies usually cry when they first meet the outside world. In what way is this crying helpful?
a. It shows that the baby can show emotion.
b. It is a signal to the mother that her labor is over.
c. It rids the baby’s lungs of fluid.
d. It lets everyone know the baby is hungry.
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
____ 45. The pituitary gland produces the hormones FSH and LH, which affect the development of gonads
during puberty. _________________________
____ 46. Glands lining the male reproductive tract produce a nutrient-rich fluid called sperm. _____________
____ 47. In a 28-day menstrual cycle, menstruation usually begins on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. ___
____ 48. During ovulation, an increased estrogen level triggers a decrease in LH and FSH from the pituitary.
____ 49. The vaccine for HPV must be administered after a woman becomes infected with HPV. __________
____ 50. The process in which the blastocyst attaches to the wall of the uterus and begins to grow in the
tissues of the mother is called gastrulation. _________________________
____ 51. If an egg is present in the vagina, its chances of being fertilized by a sperm released during
ejaculation are good. _________________________
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____ 52. Babies can have breathing problems as a result of incomplete lung development during months 7–9.
____ 53. Within a few hours after birth, the pituitary hormone oxytocin stimulates the production of milk in
the breast tissues of the mother. _________________________
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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