2010
ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code
AN INTERNATIONAL CODE
II
Part A
Ferrous Material Specifications
(SA-451 to End)
Materials
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A N I N T E R N AT I O N A L CO D E
2010 ASME Boiler &
Pressure Vessel Code
2010 Edition
July 1, 2010
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II
Part A
Ferrous Material
Specifications
(SA-451 to End)
MATERIALS
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee on Materials
Three Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA
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Date of Issuance: July 1, 2010
(Includes all Addenda dated July 2009 and earlier)
This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced
to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code
or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from
industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
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mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of
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of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government
or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
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procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
The footnotes in this document are part of this American National Standard.
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The Specifications published and copyrighted by the American Society for Testing and Materials
are reproduced with the Society’s permission.
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otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934
Printed in the United States of America
Adopted by the Council of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914.
Revised 1940, 1941, 1943, 1946, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1986,
1989, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2010 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
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CONTENTS
Specifications Listed by Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specification Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Guideline on Acceptable ASTM Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Guideline on Acceptable Non-ASTM Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Changes in Record Number Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications
SA-6/SA-6M
SA-20/SA-20M
SA-29/SA-29M
SA-31
SA-36/SA-36M
SA-47/SA-47M
SA-53/SA-53M
SA-105/SA-105M
SA-106/SA-106M
SA-134
SA-135
SA-178/SA-178M
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SA-179/SA-179M
SA-181/SA-181M
SA-182/SA-182M
SA-192/SA-192M
SA-193/SA-193M
SA-194/SA-194M
SA-202/SA-202M
SA-203/SA-203M
SA-204/SA-204M
SA-209/SA-209M
SA-210/SA-210M
SA-213/SA-213M
SA-214/SA-214M
SA-216/SA-216M
SA-217/SA-217M
General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and
Sheet Piling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for . . . .
Steel Rivets and Bars for Rivets, Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Structural Steel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ferritic Malleable Iron Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Over) . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel
Boiler and Superheater Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged
Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure Service. . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature
or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High
Temperature Service, or Both. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Manganese-Silicon . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and HeatExchanger Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing
Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
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83
125
143
147
153
161
189
195
207
213
223
229
233
237
257
261
277
293
297
301
305
311
315
329
331
335
SA-225/SA-225M
SA-231/ SA-231M
SA-232/ SA-232M
SA-234/SA-234M
SA-240/SA-240M
SA-249/SA-249M
SA-250/SA-250M
SA-263
SA-264
SA-265
SA-266/SA-266M
SA-268/SA-268M
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SA-275/SA-275M
SA-276
SA-278/SA-278M
SA-283/SA-283M
SA-285/SA-285M
SA-299/SA-299M
SA-302/SA-302M
SA-307
SA-311/SA-311M
SA-312/SA-312M
SA-320/SA-320M
SA-325
SA-333/SA-333M
SA-334/SA-334M
SA-335/SA-335M
SA-336/SA-336M
SA-350/SA-350M
SA-351/SA-351M
SA-352/SA-352M
SA-353/SA-353M
SA-354
SA-358/SA-358M
SA-369/SA-369M
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Vanadium-Nickel . . . . . . . . .
Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Spring Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring Quality Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and
High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and
Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and
Condenser Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for
General Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to
650°F (350°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile
Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Molybdenum and
Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 psi Tensile Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subject to Mechanical
Property Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120 /105 ksi Minimum Tensile
Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness
Testing for Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing
Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure Containing Parts,
Suitable for Low Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, 9 Percent Nickel, Double-Normalized
and Tempered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally
Threaded Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe
for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for HighTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv
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365
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387
393
401
409
417
423
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451
457
461
465
469
473
481
487
499
509
519
531
541
555
563
575
583
591
597
605
615
SA-370
SA-372/SA-372M
SA-376/SA-376M
SA-387/SA-387M
SA-388/SA-388M
SA-395/SA-395M
SA-403/SA-403M
SA-409/SA-409M
SA-414/SA-414M
SA-420/SA-420M
SA-423/SA-423M
SA-426/SA-426M
SA-435/SA-435M
SA-437/SA-437M
SA-449
SA-450/SA-450M
SA-451/SA-451M
SA-453/SA-453M
SA-455/SA-455M
SA-476/SA-476M
SA-479/SA-479M
SA-480/SA-480M
SA-484/SA-484M
SA-487/SA-487M
SA-494/SA-494M
SA-508/SA-508M
SA-513
SA-515/SA-515M
SA-516/SA-516M
SA-517/SA-517M
SA-522/SA-522M
SA-524
SA-530/SA-530M
SA-533/SA-533M
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SA-537/SA-537M
SA-540/SA-540M
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Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . .
Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or HighTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet, Carbon, for Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for LowTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for
High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi
Minimum Tensile Strength, General Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy
Steel Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service. . . . .
High-Temperature Bolting Materials With Expansion Coefficients
Comparable to Austenitic Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High-Strength Manganese . . . . . . . . . . .
Ductile Iron Castings for Paper Mill Dryer Rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure
Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting
Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings. . . . . . .
Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing. . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and HigherTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and LowerTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, High Strength, Quenched and
Tempered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings,
Valves, and Parts for Low-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures . . . .
General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe. . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered,
Manganese-Molybdenum and Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel. . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel. . . . .
Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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765
771
775
781
793
805
811
821
825
831
843
871
887
895
897
907
933
937
943
947
953
963
973
979
985
SA-541/SA-541M
SA-542/SA-542M
SA-543/SA-543M
SA-553/SA-553M
SA-556/SA-556M
SA-557/SA-557M
SA-562/SA-562M
SA-563
SA-564/SA-564M
SA-568/SA-568M
SA-572/SA-572M
SA-574
SA-577/SA-577M
SA-578/SA-578M
SA-587
SA-592/SA-592M
SA-609/SA-609M
SA-612/SA-612M
SA-638/SA-638M
SA-645/SA-645M
SA-649/SA-649M
SA-656/SA-656M
SA-660
SA-662/SA-662M
SA-666
SA-667/SA-667M
SA-671
SA-672
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
SA-675/ SA-675M
SA-688/SA-688M
SA-691
SA-693
Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure
Vessel Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched-and-Tempered,
Chromium-Molybdenum and Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered, NickelChromium-Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered 8 and 9%
Nickel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Cold-Drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Titanium for Glass or
Diffused Metallic Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, HotRolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel. . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Socket-Head Cap Screws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Low-Carbon Steel Pipe for the Chemical
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged
Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic
Examination Thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High Strength, for Moderate and
Lower Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, 5% and 51⁄2% Nickel Alloy Steels, Specially Heat
Treated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate With
Improved Formability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, for Moderate
and Lower Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate,
and Flat Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Dual Metal (Gray and White Cast Iron) Cylinders . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical
Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for HighPressure Service at High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precipitation-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet,
and Strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
995
1003
1009
1013
1019
1025
1031
1035
1047
1057
1091
1097
1105
1109
1115
1123
1127
1139
1143
1147
1153
1159
1161
1167
1173
1183
1185
1195
1203
1209
1219
1227
SA-695
SA-696
SA-703/SA-703M
SA-705/SA-705M
SA-723/SA-723M
SA-724/SA-724M
SA-727/SA-727M
SA-731/SA-731M
SA-736/SA-736M
SA-737/SA-737M
SA-738/SA-738M
SA-739
SA-745/SA-745M
SA-747/SA-747M
SA-748/SA-748M
SA-749/SA-749M
SA-751
SA-765/SA-765M
SA-770/SA-770M
SA-781/SA-781M
SA-788/SA-788M
SA-789/SA-789M
SA-790/SA-790M
SA-803/SA-803M
SA-813/SA-813M
SA-814/SA-814M
SA-815/SA-815M
SA-832/SA-832M
SA-834
SA-836/SA-836M
SA-841/SA-841M
SA-905
SA-941
Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, for Fluid Power
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Special Quality,
for Pressure Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts. . . . . . .
Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component
Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, Quenched and
Tempered, for Welded Layered Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components With Inherent Notch
Toughness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless, Welded Ferritic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Low-Carbon Age-Hardening Nickel-CopperChromium-Molybdenum-Columbium and Nickel-CopperManganese-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel,
for Moderate and Lower Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought, for Elevated Temperature or PressureContaining Parts, or Both . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Statically Cast Chilled White Iron-Gray Iron Dual Metal Rolls for Pressure
Vessel Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Strip, Carbon and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled,
General Requirements for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel
Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component
Forgings With Mandatory Toughness Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for Special
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial
Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Forgings, General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for
General Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Ferritic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Single- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic /Austenitic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Piping
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-MolybdenumVanadium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use . . . . . . .
Titanium-Stabilized Carbon Steel Forgings for Glass-Lined Piping and
Pressure Vessel Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels, Produced by Thermo-Mechanical
Control Process (TMCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Wire, Pressure Vessel Winding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and
Ferroalloys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vii
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
1235
1239
1243
1263
1271
1277
1281
1287
1293
1299
1303
1309
1313
1319
1325
1327
1337
1345
1353
1361
1379
1395
1403
1415
1427
1437
1445
1455
1461
1465
1469
1479
1485
SA-960/SA-960M
SA-961/SA-961M
SA-962/SA-962M
SA-965/SA-965M
SA-985/SA-985M
SA-995
SA-999/SA-999M
SA-1008/SA-1008M
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
SA-1010/SA-1010M
SA-1011/SA-1011M
SA-1016/SA-1016M
SA-1017/SA-1017M
SF-568M
SA/AS 1548
SA/CSA-G40.21
SA/EN 10028-2
SA/EN 10028-3
SA/EN 10028-7
SA/GB 6654
SA/JIS G3118
SA/JIS G4303
Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves and
Parts for Piping Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both,
Intended for Use at Any Temperature From Cryogenic to the Creep
Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts . . . . . . .
Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for
Pressure-Containing Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for PressureContaining Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy
and High-Strength Low-Alloy With Improved Formability. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Higher-Strength Martensitic Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength
Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy With Improved Formability,
and Ultra-High Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and
Stainless Steel Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Externally Threaded Metric Fasteners. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Plates for Pressure Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Structural Quality Steels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flat Products Made of Steels for Pressure Purposes Part 2: Non-Alloy
and Alloy Steels With Specified Elevated Temperature Properties . . . . . . .
Flat Products Made of Steels for Pressure Purposes Part 3: Weldable
Fine Grain Steels, Normalized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flat Products Made of Steels for Pressure Purposes Part 7: Stainless
Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels for Intermediate and Moderate
Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1493
1505
1517
1531
1539
1559
1563
1577
1587
1591
1601
1617
1623
1635
1637
1639
1641
1643
1645
1647
1649
MANDATORY APPENDIX
I
Standard Units for Use in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1651
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX
A
Sources of Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1653
viii
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
SPECIFICATIONS LISTED BY MATERIALS
Steel Plate, Sheets and Strip
SA-568/SA-568M
SA-749/SA-749M
Steel, Sheet, Carbon Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, HotRolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1057
Steel, Strip, Carbon and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled
General Requirements for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1327
Steel Pipe
SA-53/SA-53M
SA-106/SA-106M
SA-134
SA-135
SA-312/SA-312M
SA-333/SA-333M
SA-335/SA-335M
SA-358/SA-358M
SA-369/SA-369M
SA-376/SA-376M
SA-409/SA-409M
SA-426/SA-426M
SA-451/SA-451M
SA-524
SA-530/SA-530M
SA-587
SA-660
SA-671
SA-672
SA-691
SA-727/SA-727M
SA-731/SA-731M
SA-790/SA-790M
SA-813/SA-813M
SA-814/SA-814M
SA-941
Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless . . . .
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Over) . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe
for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for HighTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or HighTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service. . . . .
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures . . . .
General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe. . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Low-Carbon Steel Pipe for the Chemical
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for HighPressure Service at High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components With Inherent Notch
Toughness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless, Welded Ferritic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Single- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and
Ferroalloys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ix
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
161
195
207
213
487
519
541
605
615
685
735
765
805
953
963
1115
1161
1185
1195
1219
1281
1287
1403
1427
1437
1485
SA-961/SA-961M
SA-999/SA-999M
Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves and
Parts for Piping Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1563
General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1563
Steel Tubes
SA-178/SA-178M
SA-179/SA-179M
SA-192/SA-192M
SA-209/SA-209M
SA-210/SA-210M
SA-213/SA-213M
SA-214/SA-214M
SA-249/SA-249M
SA-250/SA-250M
SA-268/SA-268M
SA-334/SA-334M
SA-423/SA-423M
SA-450/SA-450M
SA-513
SA-556/SA-556M
SA-557/SA-557M
SA-688/SA-688M
SA-789/SA-789M
SA-803/SA-803M
SA-941
SA-1016/SA-1016M
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel
Boiler and Superheater Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure Service. . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and HeatExchanger Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and
Condenser Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater
Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for
General Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Electric, Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy
Steel Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing. . . .
Seamless Cold-Drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . .
Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for
General Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Ferritic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and
Ferroalloys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and
Stainless Steel Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
223
229
257
305
311
315
329
377
387
423
531
759
793
907
1019
1025
1209
1395
1415
1485
1601
Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts
SA-105/SA-105M
SA-181/SA-181M
SA-182/SA-182M
SA-216/SA-216M
SA-217/SA-217M
SA-231/ SA-231M
SA-232/SA-232M
SA-234/SA-234M
Carbon Steel Forgings, for Piping Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged
Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing
Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Spring Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring Quality Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and
High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
x
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
189
233
237
331
335
345
351
355
SA-350/SA-350M
SA-351/SA-351M
SA-352/SA-352M
SA-403/SA-403M
SA-420/SA-420M
SA-522/SA-522M
SA-592/SA-592M
SA-815/SA-815M
SA-905
SA-960/SA-960M
SA-961/SA-961M
SA-985/SA-985M
SA-995
Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness
Testing for Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing
Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure Containing Parts,
Suitable for Low-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for LowTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings,
Valves, and Parts for Low-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged
Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic /Austenitic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Piping
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Wire, Pressure Vessel Winding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves and
Parts for Piping Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Investment Castings General Requirements for Pressure-Containing
Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for PressureContaining Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
563
575
583
725
749
947
1123
1145
1479
1493
1505
1539
1559
Steel Plates, Sheets, and Strip for Pressure Vessels
SA-20/SA-20M
SA-202/SA-202M
SA-203/SA-203M
SA-204/SA-204M
SA-225/SA-225M
SA-240/SA-240M
SA-263
SA-264
SA-265
SA-285/SA-285M
SA-299/SA-299M
SA-302/SA-302M
SA-353/SA-353M
SA-387/SA-387M
SA-414/SA-414M
SA-455/SA-455M
SA-480/SA-480M
SA-515/SA-515M
SA-516/SA-516M
SA-517/SA-517M
General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Manganese-Silicon . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Vanadium-Nickel . . . . . . . . .
Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and
Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile
Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Molybdenum and
Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, 9 Percent Nickel, Double-Normalized
and Tempered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet, Carbon, for Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High-Strength Manganese . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting
Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and HigherTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and LowerTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, High Strength, Quenched and
Tempered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xi
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
83
293
297
301
341
365
393
401
409
461
465
469
591
645
745
821
843
933
937
943
SA-533/SA-533M
SA-537/SA-537M
SA-542/SA-542M
SA-543/SA-543M
SA-553/SA-553M
SA-562/SA-562M
SA-612/SA-612M
SA-645/SA-645M
SA-662/SA-662M
SA-666
SA-693
SA-724/SA-724M
SA-736/SA-736M
SA-737/SA-737M
SA-738/SA-738M
SA-770/SA-770M
SA-832/SA-832M
SA-841/SA-841M
SA-1010/SA-1010M
SA-1017/SA-1017M
SA/AS 1548
SA/EN 10028-2
SA/EN 10028-3
SA/EN 10028-7
SA/GB 6654
SA/JIS G3118
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered,
Manganese-Molybdenum and Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel. . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel. . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched-and-Tempered,
Chromium-Molybdenum and Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered, NickelChromium-Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered, 8 and 9%
Nickel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Titanium for Glass or
Diffused Metallic Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High Strength, for Moderate and
Lower Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, 5% and 51/2% Nickel Alloy Steels, Specially Heat
Treated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, for Moderate
and Lower Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate
and Flat Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precipitation-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet,
and Strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, Quenched and
Tempered, for Welded Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Low-Carbon Age-Hardening Nickel-CopperChromium-Molybdenum-Columbium and Nickel-CopperManganese-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel,
for Moderate and Lower Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for Special
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-MolybdenumVanadium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels, Produced by the Thermo-Mechanical
Control Process (TMCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Higher-Strength Martensitic Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy-Steel, Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten . . . .
Steel Plates for Pressure Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flat Products Made of Steels for Pressure Purposes Part 2: Non-Alloy
and Alloy Steels With Specified Elevated Temperature Properties . . . . . . .
Flat Products Made of Steels for Pressure Purposes Part 3: Weldable
Fine Grain Steels, Normalized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flat Products Made of Steels for Pressure Purposes Part 7: Stainless
Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels for Intermediate and Moderate
Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
973
979
1003
1009
1013
1031
1139
1147
1167
1173
1227
1277
1293
1299
1303
1353
1455
1469
1587
1617
1635
1639
1641
1643
1645
1647
Structural Steel
SA-6/SA-6M
SA-36/SA-36M
SA-283/SA-283M
General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes,
and Sheet Piling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Carbon Structural Steel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
xii
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
SA-572/SA-572M
SA-656/SA-656M
SA-1008/SA-1008M
SA-1011/SA-1011M
SA/CSA-G40.21
Steel Bars
SA-6/SA-6M
SA-29/SA-29M
SA-31
SA-276
SA-311/SA-311M
SA-479/SA-479M
SA-484/SA-484M
SA-564/SA-564M
SA-638/SA-638M
SA-675/SA-675M
SA-695
SA-696
SA-739
SA/JIS G4303
High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel. . . . . . . . . .
Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate With
Improved Formability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy
and High-Strength Low-Alloy With Improved Formability. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength
Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy With Improved Formability,
and Ultra-High-Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Structural Quality Steels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes,
and Sheet Piling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for . . . .
Steel Rivets and Bars for Rivets, Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subject to Mechanical
Property Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure
Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Stainless and Steel Bars, Billets, and
Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical
Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, for Fluid Power
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Special Quality,
for Pressure Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought, for Elevated Temperature or PressureContaining Parts, or Both . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Bolting Materials
SA-193/SA-193M
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature
or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications . . . . . . .
SA-194/SA-194M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure or HighTemperature Service, or Both. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-307
Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 psi Tensile Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-320/SA-320M
Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-325
Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120 /105 ksi Minimum Tensile
Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-354
Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally
Threaded Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-437/SA-437M
Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for
High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-449
Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi
Minimum Tensile Strength, General Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SA-453/SA-453M
High-Temperature Bolting Materials, With Expansion Coefficients
Comparable to Austenitic Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xiii
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
1091
1159
1577
1591
1637
1
125
143
441
481
831
871
1047
1143
1203
1235
1239
1309
1649
261
277
473
499
509
597
775
781
811
SA-540/SA-540M
SA-563
SA-574
SA-962/SA-962M
SF-568M
Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Socket-Head Cap Screws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials,
or Both, Intended for Use at Any Temperature From Cryogenic to the
Creep Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Externally Threaded Metric Fasteners. . . . . . . . . . . . .
985
1035
1097
1517
1623
Steel Billets and Forgings
SA-105/SA-105M
SA-181/SA-181M
SA-266/SA-266M
SA-336/SA-336M
SA-350/SA-350M
SA-372/SA-372M
SA-484/SA-484M
SA-508/SA-508M
SA-541/SA-541M
SA-638/SA-638M
SA-649/SA-649M
SA-705/SA-705M
SA-723/SA-723M
SA-745/SA-745M
SA-765/SA-765M
SA-788/SA-788M
SA-836/SA-836M
SA-965/SA-965M
Carbon Steel Forgings, for Piping Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness
Testing for Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings. . . . . . .
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure
Vessel Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forged Steel Rolls, Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component
Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component
Forgings With Mandatory Toughness Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Forgings, General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Titanium-Stabilized Carbon Steel Forgings for Glass-Lined Piping and
Pressure Vessel Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts . . . . . . .
189
233
417
555
563
679
871
897
995
1143
1153
1263
1271
1313
1345
1379
1465
1531
Steel Castings
SA-216/SA-216M
SA-217/SA-217M
SA-351/SA-351M
SA-352/SA-352M
SA-487/SA-487M
SA-494/SA-494M
SA-609/SA-609M
SA-667/SA-667M
SA-703/SA-703M
SA-747/SA-747M
SA-781/SA-781M
Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing
Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing
Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts,
Suitable for Low Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic
Examination Thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Dual Metal (Gray and White Cast Iron) Cylinders . . . . . .
Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts. . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial
Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xiv
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
331
335
575
583
887
895
1127
1183
1243
1319
1361
SA-985/SA-985M
SA-995
Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing
Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1539
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for PressureContaining Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1559
Corrosion-Resisting and Heat-Resisting Steels
SA-182/SA-182M
SA-193/SA-193M
SA-194/SA-194M
SA-213/SA-213M
SA-216/SA-216M
SA-217/SA-217M
SA-240/SA-240M
SA-249/SA-249M
SA-264
SA-265
SA-268/SA-268M
SA-312/SA-312M
SA-320/SA-320M
SA-336/SA-336M
SA-351/SA-351M
SA-358/SA-358M
SA-369/SA-369M
SA-376/SA-376M
SA-403/SA-403M
SA-409/SA-409M
SA-426 /SA-426M
SA-437/SA-437M
SA-451/SA-451M
SA-479/SA-479M
SA-484/SA-484M
SA-515/SA-515M
SA-564/SA-564M
Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged
Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature
or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure or HighTemperature Service, or Both. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat
Exchanger Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure
Containing Parts Suitable for High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and
Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and
Condenser Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel Clad Plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for
General Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing
Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe
for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for HighTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or HighTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for
High-Temperature Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service. . . . .
Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure
Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings. . . . . . .
Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and HigherTemperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xv
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
237
261
277
315
331
335
365
377
401
409
423
487
499
555
575
605
615
685
725
735
765
775
805
831
871
933
1047
SA-638/SA-638M
SA-660
SA-666
SA-691
SA-705/SA-705M
SA-789/SA-789M
SA-790/SA-790M
SA-814/SA-814M
SA-815/SA-815M
SA-995
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service . . . . . . .
Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate
and Flat Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for HighPressure Service at High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for
General Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic /Austenitic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel
Piping Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for PressureContaining Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1143
1161
1173
1219
1263
1395
1403
1437
1445
1559
Wrought Iron, Cast Iron, and Malleable Iron
SA-47/SA-47M
SA-278/SA-278M
SA-395/SA-395M
SA-476/SA-476M
SA-748/SA-748M
SA-834
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Methods
SA-275/SA-275M
SA-370
SA-388/SA-388M
SA-435/SA-435M
SA-577/SA-577M
SA-578/SA-578M
SA-745/SA-745M
SA-751
Ferritic Malleable Iron Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures
Up to 650°F (350°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ductile Iron Castings for Paper Mill Dryer Rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Statically Cast Chilled White Iron-Gray Iron Dual Metal Rolls for
Pressure Vessel Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use . . . . . . .
Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products . . . .
Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel
Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xvi
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
153
451
713
825
1325
1461
433
621
703
771
1105
1109
1313
1337
SPECIFICATION REMOVAL
From time to time, it becomes necessary to remove
specifications from this Part of Section II. This occurs
because the sponsoring society (e.g., ASTM, AWS, CEN)
has notified ASME that the specification has either been
replaced with another specification, or that there is no
known use and production of a material. Removal of a
specification from this Section also results in concurrent
removal of the same specification from Section IX and from
all of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Construction
Codes that reference the material. This action effectively
prohibits further use of the material in ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel construction.
The following specifications will be dropped from this
Section in the next Addenda (if applicable), unless information concerning current production and use of the material
is received before December 1 of this year:
SA-731/SA-731M-91 (discontinued by ASTM in 1995,
replaced by A 268/A 268M)1
If you are currently using and purchasing new material
to this specification for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code construction, and if discontinuance of this specification would present a hardship, please notify the Secretary
of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee, at
the address shown below:
Secretary
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
Tel: (212) 591-8533
Fax: (212) 591-8501
SA-557/SA-557M-90a (discontinued by ASTM in 1995,
replaced by A 178/A 178M)1
1
The replacement specifications are currently in Section II, Part A.
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(10)
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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GUIDELINE ON ACCEPTABLE ASTM EDITIONS
All materials, originating from an ASTM specification,
allowed by the various Code Sections and used for construction within the scope of their rules shall be furnished
in accordance with the Material Specifications contained
within Section II and this guideline except where otherwise
provided in Code Cases or in the applicable Section of
the Code. Materials covered by these Specifications are
acceptable for use in items covered by the Code Sections
only to the degree indicated in the applicable Section.
Materials for Code use should preferably be ordered, produced, and documented on this basis; however, material
produced under an ASTM Specification listed in Table
ED-1 may be used in lieu of the corresponding ASME
Specification as listed in this guideline. Material produced
to an ASME or ASTM Specification with requirements
different from the requirements of the corresponding Specification may also be used in accordance with the above,
provided the material manufacturer or vessel manufacturer
certifies with evidence acceptable to the Authorized Inspector that the corresponding Specification requirements have
been met. This guideline lists the Specifications, originating from ASTM, and their acceptable dates of issue as
well as the Book sections of the ASME Boiler Code in
which the specification is approved for use.
TABLE ED-1
(10)
Book Section
Specifications
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
SA-6/SA-6M
Identical
-General Requirements, Rolled Products
SA-20/SA-20M
Identical
-General Requirements, Plates ⴛ
SA-29/SA-29M
Identical
-General Requirements, Bars . . .
ⴛ
...
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
...
...
ⴛ
...
07
88c through 07
...
...
...
ⴛ
06
88 through 06
...
...
...
ⴛ
05
88 through 05
SA-31
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
04⑀1
00 through 04⑀1
Identical except that certification is mandatory in 3.1.7, 14, and an editorial change to 3.1.1 of the ordering requirements
SA-36/SA-36M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
05
88 through 05
SA-47/SA-47M
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for the deletion of welded repair references in 11.2 and 11.3 and mandatory certification in 14.1
99(R09)
SA-53/SA-53M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
Identical except for the insertion of test practices in 11.1, and editorial corrections to Table X4.1
01
88a through 01
84 through 99(R09)
SA-105/SA-105M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
05
87a through 05
SA-106/SA-106M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
08
88a through 08
SA-134
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
Identical except for additional requirement as shown in the specification
...
...
...
96(R05)
85 through 96(R05)
xix
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(10)
TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
SA-135
Identical
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
01
88 through 01
SA-178/SA-178M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
95
89 through 95
SA-179/SA-179M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
90a(R05)
SA-181/SA-181M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
06
SA-182/SA-182M
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
07
Identical except for the inclusion of Grade F316Ti in 6.3.1. For ASTM editions prior to -07, for Grades F45
and F56, direct or in-process heat treatment is prohibited. For Grades F91 and F911, other acceptable ASTM
editions are limited to -05 and later.
88a through 90a(R05)
87 through 06
87a through 07
SA-192/SA-192M
Identical
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
91
88 through 91
SA-193/SA-193M
Identical
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
07
05 through 07
07a
87 through 07a
82 through 93
SA-194/SA-194M
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
Identical. For Grades 2H, 2, 4, 7, and 16, other acceptable ASTM Editions are limited to -03 and
later. For Grades 2HM and 7M, other acceptable ASTM Editions are limited to -04 and later.
SA-202/SA-202M
Identical
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
93
SA-203/SA-203M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
97(R03)
82 through 97(R03)
SA-204/SA-204M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
03(R07)
88 through 03(R07)
SA-209/SA-209M
Identical
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
03(R07)
88 through 03(R07)
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
95
SA-210/SA-210M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for editorial differences in Table 2
(10)
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
88 through 95
SA-213/SA-213M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
08
01a through 08
Identical except for the additional H Grade heat treatment requirements in 6.2 and Grades T23, T24, T91, T911,
T92, and T122 are limited to -06a and later.
...
ⴛ
...
...
90a
88 through 90a
SA-216/SA-216M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
Identical except for addition of 2.3 and editorial differences in 2.1 and 10.1
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
07
84b through 07
93 through 07
SA-214/SA-214M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
SA-217/SA-217M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
07
SA-225/SA-225M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
03(R07)
ⴛ
...
...
...
96
SA-231/SA-231M
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except that certification requirements in 13.1 are mandatory
86 through 03(R07)
...
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TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
...
...
91
...
SA-234/SA-234M
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for Grades WP91 and WP911, other acceptable ASTM editions are limited to 05 and later.
07
82a through 07
04
88c through 04
04a
88b through 04a
Specifications
SA-232/SA-232M
Identical
SA-240/SA-240M
Identical
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
VIII-3 XII
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
SA-249/SA-249M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of S5, which addresses unstraightened tubes, and S9 is mandatory
when 100% joint efficiency is required.
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
SA-250/SA-250M
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
05
Identical except that Supplementary Requirement S1 is mandatory when 100% weld joint efficiency is required.
88a through 05
SA-263
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
03
88 through 03
SA-264
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
03
88 through 03
SA-265
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
03
88 through 03
SA-266/SA-266M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
03a(R08)
SA-268/SA-268M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
05a
88b through 05a
SA-275/SA-275M
- Magnetic Particle Examination of Forgings
Identical except battery powered yokes not permitted prior to -06.
...
...
...
06
86 through 06
SA-276
Identical
ⴛ
...
...
...
97
...
SA-278/SA-278M
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
Identical except for an editorial change to 5.1.1 and a change to 16.1 making certification
mandatory.
ⴛ
01(R06)
85 through 01(R06)
...
...
...
...
...
...
87 through 03a(R08)
SA-283/SA-283M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
03(R07)
88 through 03(R07)
SA-285/SA-285M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
03(R07)
82(R87) through 03(R07)
SA-299/SA-299M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
04
82(R87) through 04
SA-302/SA-302M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
03(R07)
82 through 03(R07)
SA-307
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of the term “private label distributor” from para. 13.1.1.
...
07b
00 through 07b
SA-311/SA-311M
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
04
90b through 04
Identical except for the deletion of 5.1.11, revision of Table 1 footnote A, and editorial change to 5.1.9, and 11.1
revised to make certification mandatory.
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(10)
TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
(10)
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
SA-312/SA-312M
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of 5.2, revision to 6.2 to add “H” Grade heat treatment requirements, and editorial differences in 7.1 and Table 1 and an editorial correction to the Cr and Ni
percent chemical composition for UNS S31002 in Table 1
01a
88a through 01a
SA-320/SA-320M
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
Identical except for editorial clarification of exemption of carbide solution treated austenitic material from impact test requirements in 6.2.1.1.
07
01 through 07
SA-325
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of the term “private label distributor” in 15.1 and 15.5
...
07a
86a through 07a
SA-333/SA-333M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of 12.3 that conflicts with 15
SA-334/SA-334M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
04a
94 through 04a
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
04a
88⑀1 through 04a
SA-335/SA-335M
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
06
Identical except for the addition of hardness requirements for P23 and P911 in 9.3 and 14.2.1, and the
correction of UNS numbers for P9 and P91.
SA-336/SA-336M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
SA-350/SA-350M1
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of 6.1.2 and 14.1, revision to 14.2.5, and test reports have been
made mandatory
88a through 06
07
06a through 07
02b
87 through 02b
SA-351/SA-351M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
00
86 through 00
SA-352/SA-352M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
06
88 through 06
SA-353/SA-353M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
04
87 through 04
SA-354
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for the deletion of the term “private label distributor” in 15.1 and 15.3.5
...
07a
86 through 07a
SA-358/SA-358M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
01
Identical except for clarified heat treatment requirements in 6.3.1, the deletion of 6.3.2.2 for HT-O pipe and
6.3.2.3 for HT-SO pipe, an editorial difference in 1.2, and the following additional requirements apply as shown
in the specification.
SA-369/SA-369M
Identical
SA-370
Identical
SA-372/SA-372M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
- Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
88 through 01
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
06
88 through 06
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
05
77 through 05
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
03(R08)
ⴛ
02 through 03(R08)
SA-376/SA-376M
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
06
88 through 06
Identical except for the deletion of HT-O option from 6.2 and 14.1 and clarification of heat treatment requirements in 6.2
SA-387/SA-387M
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical. For Grade 91, acceptable ASTM editions are limited to -06 and later.
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ⴛ
ⴛ
06a
88 through 06a
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TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
SA-388/SA-388M
Identical
I
III
IV
VIII-1
- Ultrasonic Testing of Forgings
SA-395/SA-395M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
VIII-2
...
...
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
...
...
...
ⴛ
07
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
99(R09)
SA-403/SA-403M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
07
Identical except for the correction of Table 2 Ni minimum for Grade WP S38815, clarified heat treatment
requirements in 6.1 and 6.4, the deletion of 304/304L/304N in 14.5, and the deletion of 5.14 and 5.15.
For H Grades, other acceptable ASTM editions are limited to -02 and later.
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
04 through 07
80 through 99(R09)
86 through 07
88 through 95a⑀1
SA-409/SA-409M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
95a⑀1
Identical except for clarified heat treatment requirements for H grade stainless steels and S30815 editorial corrections in 5.3.1 and Tables 1,
2, and 3, deletion of 5.3.2.2 and 5.3.2.3 for the non-heat treated pipe provisions, and the inclusion of a grain size requirement in 5.1.1 for H
grade stainless steels. A requirement for ASME Stamping has been added and editorial requirements apply as shown in the subtitle of the specification
SA-414/SA-414M
Identical
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
07
88 through 07
SA-420/SA-420M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
04
85a through 04
SA-423/SA-423M
Identical
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
95(R04)
SA-426/SA-426M
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for a correction to the molybdenum content for Grade CP91 in Table 1.
...
07
SA-435/SA-435M
Identical
- Straight Beam Ultrasonic of Plates
SA-437/SA-437M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
...
SA-450/SA-450M
Identical
- General Requirements for Tubes
SA-451/SA-451M
...
ⴛ
...
Identical except for editorial differences in 15.1.
...
...
...
...
90(R07)
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
06
84b through 06
07b
87 through 07b
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
96
88a through 96
...
...
...
...
...
06
80(R85) through 06
03(R07)
82(R87) through 03(R07)
SA-476
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
Identical except for editorial changes in 4.1.6 and 13.1 to make certification mandatory
...
00(R05)
82 through 00(R05)
SA-479/SA-479M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for editorial changes to Tables 1 and 2.
ⴛ
04
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
86 through 99
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
82(R87) through 90(R07)
...
SA-455/SA-455M
Identical
ⴛ
80 through 07
...
SA-453/SA-453M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
99
Identical except for addition of Table 10 on threading and the editorial revision of 5.2.2 on threading. Editorial
revision of 13. Certification Section to clarify that the bolting Grade, Class, and Type must be included
ⴛ
89 through 95(R04)
...
SA-449
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
Identical except for requiring all mating fastener components to be coated by the same zinc-coating process in 5.1.4 and the deletion of private label distributor in 16.1 and 16.3.2, and removal
of reference to bolts in para. 6.4.
ⴛ
ⴛ
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(10)
87b through 04
(10)
TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
SA-480/SA-480M
Identical
- General Requirements - Flat Products
...
...
...
...
03c
88 through 03c
SA-484/SA-484M
Identical
- General Requirements Wrought SS Products
...
...
...
...
98
87 through 98
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
93(R07)
SA-487/SA-487M
Identical
SA-494/SA-494M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
88 through 93(R07)
- See Section II, Part B
SA-508/SA-508M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for revision prior to -05b. For these A 966/A 966M added to 2.1, 3.1, and 7.2.1
revised to allow A 966 in revisions prior to -05⑀1 reference to Notes 2 and 3 in 6.1.2.2 should be
3 and 4 respectively.
05b
87 through 05b
SA-513
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
00
...
Identical except that Supplementary Requirements S6 and either S7 or S8 at the manufacturer’s option are mandatory
SA-515/SA-515M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
03(R07)
82 through 03(R07)
SA-516/SA-516M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical. The reference to Footnote B in Table 1 shall apply to the -04, -05, and -05e editions.
06
86 through 06
SA-517/SA-517M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for Grades A, B, E, F, J, P, and deletion of fusion in 1.1
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
06
87a⑀1 through 06
SA-522/SA-522M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
07
87 through 07
SA-524
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
93
88 through 93
...
...
...
...
99
88a through 99
SA-530/SA-530M
Identical
(10)
ⴛ
- General Requirements for Pipe
SA-533/SA-533M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
93
87 through 93
SA-537/SA-537M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
06
86 through 06
SA-540/SA-540M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
06
84a through 06
SA-541/SA-541M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
05
...
SA-542/SA-542M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
99
88 through 99
SA-543/SA-543M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
...
93
87 through 93
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
95(R00)
87b through 95(R00)
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
SA-553/SA-553M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
SA-556/SA-556M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
SA-557/SA-557M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
90a
88 through 90a
SA-562/SA-562M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
06
82(R87) through 06
07a
84 through 07a
SA-563
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
Identical except for deletion of the term “private label distributor” in paras. 14.7 and 14.9 and
editorially corrected title.
SA-564/SA-564M
Identical
SA-568/SA-568M
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
SA-572/SA-572M
Identical
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
04(R09)
...
...
...
...
07a
02 through 07a
...
ⴛ
...
...
06
01 through 06
...
- General Requirements for Steel Sheet
...
90a(R95)⑀1 88 through 90a(R95)⑀1
87b through 04(R09)
97a through 04⑀1
SA-574
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
04⑀1
Identical except that Table 1 on chemical requirements has been deleted and Supplementary Requirement S1 is now mandatory.
Paragraphs 6.1 and 6.2 have been revised to refer to Table S1.1 and 6.3 has been deleted.
SA-577/SA-577M
Identical
- Ultrasonic Angle Beam of Plates
...
...
...
...
90(R07)
86 through 90(R07)
SA-578/SA-578M
Identical
- Ultrasonic Straight Beam of Plates
...
...
...
...
07
85 through 07
88 through 93
SA-587
...
ⴛ
Identical except for deletion of 1.5
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
93
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
04(R09)
...
...
...
...
91(R07)
83 through 91(R07)
SA-592/SA-592M
Identical
SA-609/SA-609M
Identical
...
- Ultrasonic Longitudinal Beam - Castings
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
03(R07)
87 through 03(R07)
SA-638/SA-638M
...
ⴛ
...
Identical except for an editorial correction in 6.2
...
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
00(R04)
87 through 00(R04)
SA-645/SA-645M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
05
87(R91) through 05
SA-649/SA-649M
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
04
91a through 04
SA-656/SA-656M
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
00a
...
SA-612/SA-612M
Identical
...
ⴛ
85 through 04(R09)
...
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(10)
TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
SA-660
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
96(R05)
88 through 96(R05)
SA-662/SA-662M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
03(R07)
86 through 03(R07)
SA-666
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
03
SA-667/SA-667M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
87(R08)
SA-671
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for additional requirements that apply as shown in Specification
...
ⴛ
94
90 through 03
...
85 through 94
SA-672
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
94
81 through 94
Identical except for the deletion of pipe Grade K. The additional requirements apply as shown in the Specification.
SA-675/SA-675M
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
Identical except that Supplementary S7 is mandatory and Grades 65 [450] and 70 [485] have
been added to S7. Certification is mandatory.
03⑀1(R09) . . .
SA-688/SA-688M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
04
88a through 04
Identical except that in the case of the -96 and -98 ASTM revisions, solution treatment of Grade UNS N08367 is mandatory
SA-691
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except that the additional requirements apply as shown in the Specification
ⴛ
...
SA-693
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for aligning the elongation requirements for Gr. XM-16 and correction of the
max. hardness for Gr. XM-12 and 630 in Table 5. Also a revision to Note B of Table 1.
98(R07)
85a through 98(R07)
02⑀1
88 through 02⑀1
84 through 90b
SA-695
...
Identical for Type B only
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
90b
SA-696
Identical
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
90a(R06)
...
...
...
...
07
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
95(R09)
SA-723/SA-723M
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except that for Class 2a the minimum elongation shall be 13.5%.
...
...
...
02
...
SA-724/SA-724M
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
Identical except for an editorial correction to Note B in Table 1
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
06
88 through 06
SA-703/SA-703M
Identical
SA-705/SA-705M
Identical
...
- General Requirements for Castings
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
02(R07)
SA-731/SA-731M
...
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for an editorial correction in Table 2
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
91
SA-736/SA-736M
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
03(R07)
SA-727/SA-727M
Identical
...
...
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ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
85 through 90a(R06)
87b through 07
87a through 95(R09)
...
88 through 91
88 through 03(R07)
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TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
SA-737/SA-737M
Identical
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
VIII-3 XII
...
ⴛ
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
...
...
99(R04)
SA-738/SA-738M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
Identical except for a revision to 1.3 to include a maximum thickness for Grades D and E, an editorial revision to Table 2 and editorially correcting the SI temperatures in Appendix XI.
SA-739
Identical
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
SA-745/SA-745M
- Ultrasonic of Stainless Steel Forgings
Identical except for deletion of 1.5
...
...
...
...
...
...
SA-749/SA-749M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
- General Requirements for Steel Strip
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
87a through 03a
90a(R06)
81a through 90a(R06)
...
94(R09)
...
04
86 through 04
...
...
...
...
87(R08)
...
...
...
...
...
97(R02)
...
...
01(R06)
89a through 01(R06)
SA-751
- Chemical Analysis Test Methods for Steel
...
... ...
Identical except for editorial corrections to an element designation in Tables 1 and 2
SA-765/SA-765M
Identical
87(R91) thru 99(R04)
...
SA-747/SA-747M
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for the revision of the mandatory ordering requirements of 4.1.6 and the mandatory use of Supplementary Requirement S15 of SA-781/SA-781M
SA-748/SA-748M
Identical
03a
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
...
ⴛ
...
...
01
94 through 01
SA-770/SA-770M
Identical
- Tension Testing of Steel Plates
...
...
...
ⴛ
86
86(R90)e1
SA-781/SA-781M
Identical
- Common Requirements for Castings
...
...
...
...
06
87a through 06
SA-788
Identical
- General Requirements for Forgings
...
...
...
...
06
05c through 06
SA-789/SA-789M
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except that the sulfur content for S32808 in Table 1 is corrected to 0.010.
...
ⴛ
05b
88a through 05b
SA-790/SA-790M
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except that the sulfur content for S32808 in Table 2 is corrected to 0.010.
...
ⴛ
08
88 through 08
...
...
03
96 through 03
SA-803/SA-803M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
SA-813/SA-813M
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
01(R05)
Identical except for the addition of grain size requirements for H grades and S30815, the deletion of
heat treat omitted options, and adding a minimum heat treat temperature for S30815.
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
...
...
05
88a through 05
SA-815/SA-815M
...
...
...
Identical except for the deletion of 5.14 and 5.15.
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
08
86 through 08
SA-832/SA-832M
Identical
ⴛ
ⴛ
ⴛ
...
...
...
06
84(R89) through 06
SA-814/SA-814M
Identical
...
...
ⴛ
88a through 01(R05)
...
...
...
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(10)
TABLE ED-1 (Cont’d)
Book Section
Specifications
SA-834
Identical
I
III
IV
VIII-1
VIII-2
- Common Requirements for Iron Castings
VIII-3 XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
ASTM
Other
Acceptable
ASTM Editions
...
...
...
...
95(R06)
84 through 95(R06)
SA-836/SA-836M
Identical
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
ⴛ
02(R07)
...
SA-841/SA-841M
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
03a(R07)
88 through 03a(R07)
SA-905
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
...
93
91 through 93
SA-941
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
06a
99b through 06a
SA-960/SA-960M
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
07
99b through 07
SA-961/SA-961M
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for the deletion of the time requirement for purchaser rejection of material in
para. 18.1
07
99 through 07
SA-962/SA-962M
Identical
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
07
99 through 07
SA-965/SA-965M
Identical
x
x
...
x
...
x
x
x
x
06a
...
...
...
...
...
...
04a
03 through 04a
...
...
...
ⴛ
ⴛ
98(R07)
SA-985/SA-985M
Identical
SA-995
Identical
- General Requirements, castings
...
...
...
...
...
SA-999/SA-999M
- General Requirements, Pipes
...
...
...
...
...
04a
Identical except for the editions prior to 04a, para. 6.2.1 on grade substitution of the 04a edition applies.
01 through 04a
SA-1008/SA-1008M
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
Identical except for the addition of 8.1.1.1 on mechanical properties for pressure vessel design
00 through 01a
01a
01⑀1(R09) . . .
SA-1010/SA-1010M
...
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for an editorial correction to a column heading in Table 2.
...
...
...
SA-1011/SA-1011M
Identical
...
...
...
...
06b
01a through 06b
...
...
...
...
04a
01 through 04a
...
...
...
ⴛ
07
01 through 07
...
...
...
...
98
93a through 98
SA-1016/SA-1016M
Identical
...
...
...
...
- General Requirements, Tubes
SA-1017/SA-1017M
...
...
...
...
Identical. For Grade 122, acceptable editions 07 and later.
SF-568M
Identical
...
- Threaded Metric Fasteners
...
...
NOTE:
(1) SA-350/SA-350M Grade LF2 forgings, made to revisions earlier than the 2001 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, or to ASTM
Specification A 350/A 350M with year dates from 1987 through 1997 are acceptable for either Class 1 or Class 2 applications, unless
Supplementary Requirement S4 was used to test forgings at a higher test temperature.
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GUIDELINE ON ACCEPTABLE NON-ASTM EDITIONS
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
All materials originating from a non-ASTM Specification allowed by the various Code Sections and used for
construction within the scope of their rules shall be furnished in accordance with the Material Specifications contained within Section II and this guideline except where
otherwise provided in Code Cases or in the applicable
Section of the Code. Materials covered by these Specifications are acceptable for use in items covered by the Code
Sections only to the degree indicated in the applicable
Section. Materials for Code use should preferably be
ordered, produced, and documented on this basis; however,
material produced under a non-ASTM Specification listed
in Table ED-2 may be used in lieu of the corresponding
ASME Specification as listed in this Appendix. Material
produced to an ASME or a non-ASTM Specification with
requirements different from the requirements of the corresponding Specification may also be used in accordance with
the above, provided the material manufacturer or vessel
manufacturer certifies with evidence acceptable to the
Authorized Inspector that the corresponding Specification
requirements have been met. This guideline lists the nonASTM Specifications, originating not from ASTM and
their acceptable dates of issue as well as the Book sections
of the ASME Boiler Code in which the specification is
approved for use.
TABLE ED-2
(10)
Book Section
Non
Nuc.
Code
Case
Latest
Adopted
Other
Acceptable
Editions
VIII-2
VIII-3
XII
Nuc.
Code
Case
SA/AS-1548
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for marking as shown in the specification.
...
...
...
...
...
1995
1995
SA/CSA-G40.21
...
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for marking as shown in the specification.
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
2004
Only 1992 and 2004
SA/EN 10028-2
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for marking, tension test and quality as shown in the specification.
...
...
2003
2003
SA/EN 10028-3
...
...
...
ⴛ
...
Identical except for marking and quality as shown in the specification.
...
ⴛ
...
...
2003
2003
SA/EN 10028-7
...
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for marking as shown in the specification.
...
...
...
...
...
2007
2000 through 2007
SA/GB 6654
...
...
...
ⴛ
Identical except for marking as shown in the specification.
...
...
...
...
...
1996
1996
SA/JIS G3118
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for marking, mechanical properties and welding repairs as shown in the specification.
Annex, supplementary quality requirements, does not apply.
2000
2000
SA/JIS G4303
ⴛ
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Identical except for marking, mechanical properties and welding repairs as shown in the specification.
Annex, supplementary quality requirements, does not apply.
1998
1998
Specifications
I
III
IV
VIII-1
GENERAL NOTE: The date of publication of the European standards considered in this Guideline is the year of approval of the standard by CEN.
This date appears in the body of the standard on the page starting with EN; dates appearing on the front page of an XX EN standard (e.g., XX p
BS or NF or DIN) correspond only to the date of adoption by each member country.
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(10)
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
The 2010 Edition of this Code contains revisions in addition to the 2007 Edition with 2008 and 2009 Addenda.
The revisions are identified with the designation (10) in the margin and, as described in the Foreword, become
mandatory 6 months after the publication date of the 2010 Edition. To invoke these revisions before their
mandatory date, use the designation “2010 Edition” in documentation required by this Code. If you choose not
to invoke these revisions before their mandatory date, use the designation “2007 Edition through the 2009
Addenda” in documentation required by this Code.
The Record Numbers listed below are explained in more detail in ”List of Changes in Record Number Order”
following this Summary of Changes.
Changes given below are identified on the pages by a margin note, (10), placed next to the affected area.
Page
Location
Change (Record Number)
xxxix
Specification
Removal
Second paragraph editorially revised
xix–xxviii
Table ED-1
Updated to reflect 2010 Edition
xxix
Table ED-2
Updated to reflect 2010 Edition
195–206
SA-106/SA-106M
Revised in its entirety (02-2457)
229
SA-179/SA-179M
Paragraph 4.1.1 corrected by errata (09-591)
315–328
SA-213/SA-213M
Revised in its entirety (08-1151)
473–480
SA-307
Revised in its entirety (08-1154)
499, 501
SA-320/SA-320M
(1) Subtitle revised (09-580)
(2) Paragraph 6.2.1.1 revised (09-580)
745–748
SA-414/SA-414M
Revised in its entirety (09-377)
781–792
SA-449
(1) Title revised (05-1302)
(2) Revised in its entirety (05-1302)
985–994
SA-540/SA-540M
Revised in its entirety (07-912)
1022
SA-556/SA-556M
Table 4 first column head corrected by errata (09-597)
1057–1090
SA-568/SA-568M
(1) Title revised (07-1103)
(2) Revised in its entirety (07-1103)
1403–1414
SA-790/SA-790M
Revised in its entirety (08-1160)
1641
SA/EN 10028-3
Revised in its entirety (06-267)
NOTE:
Volume 60 of the Interpretations to Section II, Part A, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code follows
the last page of this Addenda to Section II, Part A.
xxx
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LIST OF CHANGES IN RECORD NUMBER ORDER
Record Number
Change
02-2457
Revised SA-106 to be identical to the 08 ASTM Edition of A 106, including, in particular, permitting NDE as
an alternative to hydrostatic testing at the option of the manufacturer, prohibiting supply of pipe that has
failed either the hydrostatic test or the NDE test when NH pipe has been ordered, and adding a Supplementary Requirement for tighter chemistry and heat treatment requirements for pipe for HF Acid Alkylation Service at the request of the petro-chemical industry.
Section II, Part A; ASME SA-449 updated to the 2007b version of ASTM A 449 including the requirements
that all mating fastener components be coated by the same zinc-coating process in 5.1.4 and deletion of private label distributor in 16.1 and 16.3.2, and the addition of the studs and cap screws to paragraph 6.4.
(1) Section II, Part A: Revised SA/EN 10028-3-2003 cover sheet.
(2) Section II, Part A: Revised acceptable edition for SA/EN 10028-3 (2003) in Table ED-2.
ASME SA-540/SA-540M updated to 2006 version of ASTM A 540/A 540M.
ASME SA-568/SA-568M updated to 2007a version of ASTM A 568/A 568M.
ASME SA-213/SA-213M updated to 2008 version of ASTM A 213/A 213M with the addition of H Grade
heat treatment requirements in para. 6.2 and the editorial correction of “TZZ” to “T36” in Table 5.
ASME SA-307 updated to 2007b version of ASTM A 307 with the deletion of the term “private label distributor” in para. 13.1.1.
ASME SA-790/SA-790M updated to 2008 version of ASTM A 790/A 790M with the correction of the sulfur
content for UNS S32808 in Table 2.
ASME SA-414/SA-414M updated to 2007 version of ASTM A 414/A 414M.
Revised ASME SA-320 para. 6.2.1.1 to clarify that Charpy Impact Testing is not required for carbide solution
treated austenitic stainless grades. Revised the subtitle and the “identicality” statement in Table ED-1 to
reflect the editorial clarification of para. 6.2.1.1.
Errata to correct para. 4.1.1 of SA-179/SA-179M.
Errata to correct unit designation in Table 4 of SA-556/SA-556M.
05-1302
06-267
07-912
07-1103
08-1151
08-1154
08-1160
09-377
09-580
09-591
09-597
xxxi
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-451/SA-451M
SPECIFICATION FOR CENTRIFUGALLY CAST
AUSTENITIC STEEL PIPE FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE
SERVICE
SA-451/SA-451M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 451/A 451M-06 except for editorial differences in 15.1.)
1.
E 186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to
412 in. [51 to 114 mm]) Steel Castings
E 280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to
12 in. [114 to 305 mm]) Steel Castings
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
[51 mm] in Thickness
Scope
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe
for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure
service.
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B46.1 Surface Texture
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided
when additional testing may be required.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exactly equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of each other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include
the following, as required, to describe the desired material
adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
NOTE 1 — This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe
made from alloys containing more than 0.20% carbon, such as are covered
by Specification A 297.
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum
wall thickness in inches or millimetres),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification
A 999/A 999M),
2.
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Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 297/A 297M Specification for Steel Castings, IronChromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant,
for General Application
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
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3.1.6 End Finish of Specification A 999/A 999M,
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (9.4 and Supplementary Requirements S1 through S7),
3.1.8 Test Report Required (Section 14), and
3.1.9 Special Requirements or Additions to Specification.
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Heat-Treatment — The pipe shall receive a heattreatment at the temperature and time specified in Table 2,
followed by a quench in water or rapid cool by other means.
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SA-451/SA-451M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
4.2 Machining — The pipe shall be machined on the
inner and outer surfaces to a roughness value no greater
than 250 ␮in. [6.35 ␮m] arithmetical average deviation
(AA) from the mean line, as defined in American National
Standard B46.1.
castings may be reheat-treated and retested, but may not
be solutiontreated more than twice.
5.
Chemical Analysis
5.1 Heat Analysis — An analysis of each heat shall be
made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of
elements specified in Table 1. The analysis shall be made
on a test sample taken preferably during the pouring of
the heat. The chemical composition thus determined shall
conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.
7.2 It is realized that the foundry may be unable to
perform the hydrostatic test prior to shipment, or that the
purchaser may wish to defer testing until additional work
has been performed on the casting. In such cases, the
foundry is responsible for the satisfactory performance of
the casting when it is tested.
5.2 Product Analysis — A product analysis may be
made by the purchaser. The sample for analysis shall be
selected so as to be thoroughly representative of the pipe
being analyzed. The chemical composition thus determined
shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.
8.
7.
Hydrostatic Test
7.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested
in accordance with Specification A 999/A 999M.
Quality
8.1 The surface of the casting shall be examined visually and shall be free from cracks and hot tears. Other
surface defects shall be judged in accordance with visual
acceptance criteria which may be specified in the order.
5.3 To determine conformance with the chemical analysis requirements, an observed value or calculated value
shall be rounded in accordance with Practice E 29 to the
nearest unit in the last right-hand place of values listed in
Table 1.
6.
9.
Rework and Retreatment
9.1 Defects as defined in Section 8 shall be removed and
their removal verified by visual inspection of the resultant
cavities. Defects which are located by inspecting with Supplementary Requirement S6 or S7, or both, shall be
removed or reduced to an acceptable size.
Tensile Requirements
6.1 Test Specimens:
9.2 If removal of the defect does not infringe upon the
minimum wall thickness, the depression may be blended
uniformly into the surrounding surface.
6.1.1 Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance
with Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Test bars shall
be poured in special blocks from the same heat as the
castings represented. Test bars shall be supplied in sufficient number to furnish all specimens required in 6.2 and
6.3 (see Table 3).
9.3 If the cavity resulting from defect removal infringes
upon the minimum wall thickness, weld repair is permitted
subject to the purchasers’ approval. The composition of
the weld rod used shall be suitable for the composition of
the metal being welded.
9.3.1 Only operators and procedures qualified in
accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section IX, shall be used. All repair welds will be inspected
to the same quality standards used to inspect the casting.
6.1.2 Test specimens may be cut from heat-treated
castings instead of from test bars when agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
6.1.3 Tension test specimens shall be machined to
the form and dimensions of the standard round 2 in.
[50 mm] gage length specimens shown in Fig. 6 of Test
Methods and Definitions A 370.
9.4 Postweld heat-treatment of the repaired casting is
neither required nor prohibited.
6.2 Number of Tests:
6.2.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat.
The bar from which the test specimen is taken shall be
heat-treated in the same manner as the castings represented.
10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
10.1 Thickness — The wall thickness shall not vary over
that specified by more than 1⁄8 in. (3 mm). There shall be
no variation under the specified wall thickness.
6.2.2 If a specimen is machined improperly or flaws
are revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen
may be discarded and another substituted from the same
heat.
11. General Requirements
11.1 Material furnished under this specification shall
conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A 999/A 999M, unless otherwise provided herein.
6.3 Retests — If the results of the mechanical tests for
any heat do not conform to the requirements specified, the
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SA-451/SA-451M
manufactured and tested in accordance with this specification, together with a report of the test results, shall be
furnished at the time of shipment.
12. Rejection
12.1 Each length of pipe received from the manufacturer may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not
meet the requirements of the specification based on the
inspection and test method as outlined in the specification,
the pipe may be rejected and the manufacturer shall be
notified. Disposition of rejected pipe shall be a matter of
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
15.
Product Marking
15.1 Each length of pipe shall be legibly marked with
the manufacturer’s name or brand, the specification number, and grade. In addition, heat numbers, or serial numbers
that are traceable to heat numbers, shall be marked on each
length of pipe.
13. Rehearing
13.1 Samples that represent rejected material shall be
preserved for 2 weeks from the date of transmission of the
test report. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the
tests, the manufacturer may make claim for a rehearing
within that time.
16.
14. Certification
14.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or
order, a manufacturer’s certification that the material was
Keywords
16.1 austenitic; centrifugally cast; height; high-temperature service; stainless steel; steel castings
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Grade
Carbon,
max
Manga- Phosnese, phorus, Sulfur, Silicon,
max
max
max
max
Nickel
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CPF3
CPF3A
CPF8
CPF8A
CPF3M
CPF8M
CPF10MCA
0.03
0.03
0.08
0.08
0.03
0.08
0.10
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.50
1.50
1.50
8.0–12.0
8.0–12.0
8.0–11.0
8.0–11.0
9.0–13.0
9.0–12.0
13.0–16.0
CPF8CA
0.08
1.50
0.040
0.040
2.00
9.0–12.0
CPF8C(Ta max)B
0.08
1.50
0.040
0.040
2.00
9.0–12.0
CPH8
CPH20 or CPH10
CPK20
CPE20N
0.08
0.20C
0.20
0.20
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
1.50
2.00
1.75
1.50
12.0–15.0
12.0–15.0
19.0–22.0
8.0–11.0
Chromium
Molybdenum
Columbium
17.0–21.0
...
...
17.0–21.0
...
...
18.0–21.0
...
...
18.0–21.0
...
...
17.0–21.0 2.0–3.0
...
18.0–21.0 2.0–3.0
...
15.0–18.0 1.75–2.25 1.2 max,
10 ⴛ C min
18.0–21.0
...
1 max,
8 ⴛ C min
18.0–21.0
...
1 max,
8 ⴛ C min
22.0–26.0
...
...
22.0–26.0
...
...
23.0–27.0
...
...
23.0–26.0
...
...
A
Tantalum,
max
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Nitrogen
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
...
0.10
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
...
...
0.08–0.20
Grades CPF10MC and CPF8C may have a columbium plus tantalum content maximum of 1.35%.
No designation as yet assigned by ASTM International or Steel Founders Society of America.
C
By agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, the carbon content of Grade CPH20 may be restricted to 0.10% max. When
so agreed, the grade designation shall be CPH10.
B
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SA-451/SA-451M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 3
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Grade
TABLE 2
HEAT-TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
Temperature,
min
Grade
°F
°C
Hold Time,
h/in. of
Thickness
CPF3, CPF3A, CPF8, CPF8A,
CPF3M, CPF8M
CPF10MC, CPF8C, CPF8C
(Ta max)
CPH8, CPH10, CPH20, CPK20
CPE20N
1900
1040
1
1950
1065
2
2100
2225
1150
1220
1
1
CPF3
CPF3AA
CPF3M
CPF8
CPF8AA
CPF8M
CPF10MC
CPH10
CPF8C (Ta max), CPF8C
CPH8
CPK20
CPH20
CPE20N
Tensile
Strength,
min, ksi
(MPa)
Yield
Strength,
min, ksi
(MPa)
70
77
70
70
77
70
70
70
70
65
65
70
80
30
35
30
30
35
30
30
30
30
28
28
30
40
[485]
[535]
[485]
[485]
[535]
[485]
[485]
[485]
[485]
[448]
[448]
[485]
[550]
[205]
[240]
[205]
[205]
[240]
[205]
[205]
[205]
[205]
[195]
[195]
[205]
[275]
Elongation
in 2 in.
or 50
mm, min
35
35
30
35
35
30
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
A
The properties shown are obtained by adjusting the composition
within the limits shown in Table 1 to obtain a ferrite-austenite ratio
that will result in the higher ultimate and yield strengths indicated. A
lowering of impact values may develop in these materials when exposed
to service temperature above 800°F [425°C].
808
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-451/SA-451M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser. Details
of the supplementary requirements shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser.
The specified tests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the castings.
S5.
S1. Additional Tension Tests
S1.1 Additional tension tests shall be made at a temperature to be specified by the customer, and the properties
to be met are a matter of agreement between purchaser
and manufacturer.
Metal Structure and Etching Tests
S5.1 Etching tests (Note S1) shall be made on transverse sections from the pipe and shall reveal the macrostructure of the material. Such tests are for information
only.
NOTE S1 — Pending development of etching methods applicable to
the product covered by this specification, it is recommended that the
Recommended Practice for a Standard Macroetch Test for Routine Inspection of Iron and Steel be followed.
S2. Flattening Test
S2.1 The flattening test shall be made on specimens
from one or both ends of each length of pipe. If the specimen from any end of any length fails to conform to the
requirements of Specification A 999/A 999M, that length
shall be rejected.
S6.
Radiographic Examination
S6.1 The castings shall be examined for internal defects
by means of X rays or gamma rays. The inspection procedure shall be in accordance with Guide E 94 and the types
and degrees of discontinuities considered shall be judged
by Reference Radiographs E 446, E 186, or E 280. The
extent of examination and the basis for acceptance shall
be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
S3. Photomicrographs
S3.1 The manufacturer shall furnish one photomicrograph at 100 diameters from one specimen of as-finished
pipe from each heat in each heat-treatment lot. Such photomicrographs shall be suitably identified as to pipe size,
wall thickness, and heat. Such photomicrographs are for
information only, to show the actual metal structure of the
pipe as furnished. No photomicrographs for the individual
pieces purchased shall be required except as specified in
Supplementary Requirement S4.
S7.
Liquid Penetrant Examination
S7.1 The castings shall be examined for surface discontinuities by means of liquid penetrant inspection. The
method of performing the liquid penetrant test shall be
in accordance with Test Method E 165. The areas to be
inspected, the methods and types of liquid penetrants to
be used, the developing procedure, and the basis for acceptance shall be as specified on the inquiry or invitation to
bid and on the purchase order or contract or both, or as
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S4. Photomicrographs for Individual Pieces
S4.1 The manufacturer shall furnish photomicrographs
from one or both ends of each pipe. All photomicrographs
required shall be properly identified as to heat number,
size, and wall thickness of pipe from which the section
was taken. Photomicrographs shall be further identified
to permit association of each photomicrograph with the
individual length of pipe it represents.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-453 /SA-453M
SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE BOLTING
MATERIALS WITH EXPANSION COEFFICIENTS
COMPARABLE TO AUSTENITIC STEELS
SA-453 /SA-453M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 453 /A 453M-99 except for the addition of Table 10 on threading and the editorial revision of 5.2.2 on
threading. Editorial revision of 13 Certification section to clarify that the bolting Grade, Class, and Type must be included.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers four grades of bolting
materials with nine classes of yield strength ranging from
50 to 120 ksi [345 to 827 MPa] for use in high-temperature
service such as fasteners for pressure vessel and valve
flanges. The material requires special processing and is
not intended for general purpose applications. The term
“bolting material,” as used in this specification, covers
rolled, forged, or hot-extruded bars; bolts, nuts, screws,
washers, studs, and stud bolts. Headed bolts and rolled
threads may be supplied.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 437 /A 437M Specification for Alloy-Steel TurbineType Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for HighTemperature Service
E 30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
E 59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition
E 139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and
Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
2.2 ANSI Standards:
ANSI B1.1 Unified Screw Threads
ANSI B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws Including
Hex Cap Screws and Lag Screws
ANSI B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts
ANSI B18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws
NOTE 1 — Other bolting materials are covered by Specification
A 193 /A 193M and Specification A 437 /A 437M.
1.2 Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional
nature is provided. This shall apply only when specified
by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound
units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies
the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
2.3 AIAG Standard:
B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application
Standard
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
3.
Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bolting material — this covers rolled, forged,
or hot-extruded bars; bolts, nuts, screws, washers, studs,
and stud bolts; and also includes those manufactured by
upset heading or roll threading techniques.
3.1.2 heat-treatment charge — one heat of material
heat treated in one batch. If a continuous operation is used,
the weight processed as a heat-treatment charge shall not
exceed the weights in Table 1.
3.1.3 lot — a lot shall consist of the quantities shown
in Table 2.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 193 /A 193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
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4.
2010 SECTION II, PART A
6.2.2 Samples for chemical analysis, except for spectro-chemical analysis, shall be taken in accordance with
Practice E 59. The chemical composition thus determined
shall conform to the requirements for product analysis
variation as specified in Table 4.
6.2.3 A product analysis shall be made by the manufacturer of bar stock made from vacuum-arc remelted steel.
Ordering Information
4.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
4.1.2 Type of material (bars, bolts, nuts, etc.),
4.1.3 Grade and class,
4.1.4 Method of finishing (see 5.2),
4.1.5 Type of thread desired (see 5.2.2),
6.3 Methods of Analysis — For referee purposes, Test
Methods E 30 shall be used.
4.1.6 Alternative test method option (see 7.2.4.3),
4.1.7 Bolt shape option, if any (see 8.2),
7.
Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tension Test:
7.1.1 Requirements — The material shall conform to
the room-temperature tensile in each heat-treatment charge
(see 3.1.2).
7.1.2 Number of Specimens:
4.1.8 Thread option, if any (see 8.3),
4.1.9 Test method for surface quality, if any (see 10),
4.1.10 Test location option, if any (see 11),
4.1.11 Rejection option, if any (see 12.1), and
4.1.12 If stress-rupture testing is not required (see
7.2.1).
5.
7.1.2.1 Heat-Treated Bars — When not more than
two sizes of bars are heat treated in the same load, one
tension test shall be made from each size in each heat of
material in the heat-treatment charge (see 3.1.2). When
more than two sizes of bars are treated in the same charge,
one tension test shall be made from one bar of each of the
two largest diameters from each heat of material in the
heat-treating charge.
Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Melting Process:
5.1.1 The material shall be made by one or more of
the following processes: electric-furnace, induction furnace, or consumable-electrode practice.
5.1.2 Vacuum, protective atmospheres, or protective
slags may be used during melting or pouring of the heat.
7.1.2.2 Finished Parts — One tension test shall be
made if the lot consists of parts of the same nominal diameter. If the lot consists of parts of more than one nominal
diameter, one tension test shall be made from each nominal
diameter of each heat involved in the lot (see Section 3).
5.2 Finishing Process:
5.2.1 The product shall be hot finished or cold finished (ground, rough turned or cold drawn) as specified
on the purchase order.
7.1.2.3 The diameter range shall be in increments
of 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm].
5.2.2 Threading shall be performed in accordance
with Table 10. When not specified by the purchaser, the
type supplied shall be the option of the manufacturer.
7.1.2.4 Tension tests are not required on finished
parts that are fabricated from heat-treated bars furnished
in accordance with the requirements of this specification
and tested in accordance with 7.1.2.1, provided they are
not given a subsequent heat treatment.
7.1.3 Test Location and Orientation — Specimens
shall be taken in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Annex A1, from the bar stock used to make
the product.
7.1.4 Test Methods:
5.3 Heat Treatment — Each grade and class shall be
heat treated as prescribed in Table 3.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 Heat Analysis — An analysis of each heat of steel
shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elements specified in Table 4. This analysis
shall be made from a test sample taken during the pouring
of the heat. The chemical composition thus determined
shall be reported to the purchaser or his representative and
shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 4.
7.1.4.1 The tension test specimen shall be
machined to the form and dimensions prescribed in the
latest issue of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
7.1.4.2 The yield strength shall be determined by
the offset method as described in the latest issue of Test
Methods and Definitions A 370.
6.1.1 Steels with added lead shall not be used.
6.2 Product Analysis:
6.2.1 A product analysis may be made by the purchaser from tension samples representing the bolting
material.
7.2 Stress-Rupture Test:
7.2.1 Requirements — The material shall conform to
the stress-rupture requirements prescribed in Table 5 for
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design temperatures above 800°F [427°C]. Material not
stress-rupture tested shall be permanently stamped NR.
8.2 Headed bolts shall be semi-finished, hexagonal in
shape, and in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI
B18.2.1. Nuts shall be hexagonal in shape, and in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI B18.2.2. Unless otherwise specified, the ANSI Standard heavy bolt and nut series
shall be used. If socket head fasteners are required, the
dimensions shall be in accordance with ANSI B18.3, as
specified by the purchaser.
7.2.2 The number of specimens shall be the same
as the required number of tension test specimens.
7.2.3 The test location and orientation shall be the
same as that required for the tension test specimens.
7.2.4 Test Method:
7.2.4.1 The rupture test shall be performed in
accordance with Practice E 139.
8.3 All bolts, stud bolts, and accompanying nuts, unless
otherwise specified by the purchaser, shall be threaded in
accordance with ANSI B1.1, Class 2A to 2B fit, or British
Whitworth threads when specified.
7.2.4.2 A combination smooth and notched test
specimen, machined to the dimensions prescribed in Fig.
1 and Table 6, shall be tested in accordance with the stressrupture requirements prescribed in Table 5. The test shall
be continued to rupture. The rupture shall occur in the
smooth section of the bar.
8.4 Bolts, screws, studs and stud bolts shall be pointed.
Points shall be flat and chamfered or rounded at option of
the manufacturer. Length of point on studs and stud bolts
shall be one to two complete threads as measured from
the extreme end parallel to the axis. Length of studs and
stud bolts shall be the threaded length and shall be measured from first thread to first thread.
7.2.4.3 As an alternative procedure and, when specifically approved by the purchaser, separate smooth and
notched test specimens, machined from adjacent sections
of the same piece, with gage sections conforming to the
respective dimensions of Table 6, may be tested under the
above conditions. The notched specimen need not be tested
to rupture but shall not rupture in less time than the companion smooth specimen.
9.
Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
9.1 Finished parts shall have a workmanlike finish,
maximum 63␮in. [1.6␮m] AA on the threads, body
underhead fillet, and bearing area.
7.2.4.4 When the minimum specified time to rupture in Table 5 has been achieved, incremental loading
may be used to accelerate the time to rupture. At intervals
of 8 to 16 h, preferably 8 to 10 h, the stress shall be
increased in increments of 5000 psi [34.5 MPa]. Rupture
location and elongation requirements shall be as prescribed
in Table 5, 7.2.4.2, and 7.2.4.3.
10. Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements
10.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and free
of defects that would be detrimental to the intended service.
Such defects may be determined by conventional test methods, as specified on the purchase order.
7.3 Hardness Test:
7.3.1 Requirements — The material shall conform to
the room temperature hardness requirements prescribed in
Table 7.
11. Inspection
11.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purchaser’s
inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him
that the material is being furnished in accordance with the
specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall not
interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturer’s operations.
All tests and inspections shall be made at the place of
manufacture, unless otherwise agreed to.
7.3.2 Number of Tests:
7.3.2.1 Bars 2 in. [50 mm] and Over — One test
on each mill-treated length.
7.3.2.2 Bars under 2 in. [50 mm] — One test on
at least 10% of the mill-treated lengths.
7.3.3 Test Locations — The hardness test shall be
made at the center of the cross section for bars up to 1 in.
[25 mm] in diameter, and at the midradius on bars 1 in.
[25 mm] and larger in diameter.
12. Rejection and Rehearing
12.1 Rejection — Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based on tests made in accordance with this specification shall be reported to the manufacturer within 60 days
from the receipt of the material by the purchaser. Material
that shows injurious defects subsequent to its acceptance
at the manufacturer’s work will be rejected and the manufacturer shall be notified.
7.3.4 Test Method — The test shall be performed in
accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
8.
Dimensions and Permissible Variations
8.1 Standard permissible variations in sizes of bars
shall be as set forth in Table 8 for hot-rolled bars and in
Table 9 for cold-finished bars.
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SA-453 /SA-453M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
12.2 Rehearing — Specimens tested in accordance with
this specification that represent rejected material shall be
preserved for 2 months from the date of the test report.
In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the
manufacturer may make claim for a rehearing within
that time.
to one end of studs 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and larger
and to the heads of bolts 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and
larger. If the available area is inadequate, the grade and
class symbols may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end. The
type designation also shall appear with the grade and class
symbols on all bolting material.
13. Certification
13.1 The producer’s certification shall include the bolting Grade, Class, and Type and shall state that the material
was manufactured and tested in accordance with this specification.
14.3 For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer is considered the organization that certifies the
fastener was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected
in accordance with the specification and the results have
been determined to meet the requirements of this specification.
13.2 A report of the test results shall be included with
the certification at the time of shipment. The specification
designation included on any test reports shall include the
appropriate year of issue and revision letter, if any.
14.4 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
14.1, 14.2, and 14.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with AIAG Standard B-5 02.00. If used on small
items, the bar code may be applied to the box or a substantially applied tag.
14. Product Marking
14.1 Bars — Each lift, bundle, or box shall be properly
tagged with durable tags (metal, plastic, or equivalent),
showing the heat number, type, condition, specification
designation, and size. The specification number marked on
the material need not include specification year of issue
and revision letter.
15. Keywords
15.1 bolts–steel; fasteners–steel; marking; nuts–steel;
precipitation hardening steels; pressure vessel service; revision letter; steel bars–alloy; steel bolting material; steel
flanges; steel values; temperature service applications–
high; year date
14.2 Bolts, Nuts, Studs, and Stud Bolts — Grade, class,
and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall be applied
FIG. 1 COMBINATION SMOOTH-NOTCH STRESS-RUPTURE TEST SPECIMEN
(See Table 5)
B
G
E
E
B
C
8
H
D
F
1/ in. rad
8
Detail sketch
A
60 deg
8
H
1/ deg
2
8
Rod
Detail
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T
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-453 /SA-453M
TABLE 2
LOT SIZES
TABLE 1
CONTINUOUS HEAT-TREATMENT CHARGE SIZES
Diameter, in. [mm]
Weight, lb [kg]
To 13⁄4 [44]
Over 13⁄4 [44] to 21⁄2 [63]
Over 21⁄2 [63]
3000 [1400]
6000 [2700]
12000 [5400]
Diameter, in. [mm]
11⁄2 [38]
Over 11⁄2
Over 13⁄4
Over 21⁄2
and under
[38] to 13⁄4 [44], incl
[44] to 21⁄2 [63], incl
[63]
Maximum Lot Size, lb [kg]
200 [90]
300 [140]
600 [270]
20 pieces
TABLE 3
HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTSA
Grade Class
660
A
B
C
651
A
B
662
A
B
665
A
B
A
Solution Treatment
Hardening Treatment
1650 ± 25°F [900 ± 14°C], hold 2 h, min, and liquid quench 1325 ± 25°F [720 ± 14°C], hold 16 h, air cool
1800 ± 25°F [980 ± 14°C], hold 1 h, min, and liquid quench 1325 ± 25°F [720 ± 14°C], hold 16 h, air cool
1800 ± 25°F [980 ± 14°C], hold 1 h, min, and oil quench
1425 ± 25°F [775 ± 14°C], hold 16 h, air cool
1200 ± 25°F [650 ± 14°C], hold 16 h, air cool
hot-cold worked at 1200°F [650°C] min with 15% min reduction
in cross-sectional area, stress-relief anneal at 1200°F [650°C]
min for 4 h, min
hot-cold worked at 1200°F [650°C] min with 15% min reduction
of cross-sectional area, stress-relief anneal at 1350°F [730°C]
min for 4 h, min
1800 ± 25°F [980 ± 14°C], hold 2 h, liquid quench
1350 to 1400°F [730 to 760°C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to
1200 ± 25°F [650 ± 14°C], hold 20 h, air cool
1950 ± 25°F [1065 ± 14°C], hold 2 h, liquid quench
1350 to 1400°F [730 to 760°C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to
1200 ± 25°F [650 ± 14°C], hold 20 h, air cool
1800 ± 25°F [980 ± 14°C], hold 3 h, liquid quench
1350 to 1400°F [730 to 760°C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to
1200 ± 25°F [650 ± 14°C], hold 20 h, air cool
2000 ± 25°F [1095 ± 14°C], hold 3 h, liquid quench
1350 to 1400°F [730 to 760°C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to
1200 ± 25°F [650 ± 14°C], hold 20 h, air cool
Times refer to the minimum time material is required to be at temperature.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 4
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Grade 660
Product Analysis Variation,
Over or Under, %
Content, %
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Titanium
ColumbiumA
Aluminum
Vanadium
Boron
0.08 max
2.00 max
0.040 max
0.030 max
1.00 max
24.0–27.0
13.5–16.0
1.00–1.50
...
1.90–2.35
...
0.35 max
0.10–0.50
0.001–0.010
Copper
...
Grade 651
Content, %
0.01 over
0.04
0.005 over
0.005 over
0.05
0.20
0.20
0.05
...
0.05
...
0.05 over
0.03
0.0004 under to
0.001 over
...
0.28–0.35
0.75–1.50
0.040 max
0.030 max
0.30–0.80
8.0–11.0
18.0–21.0
1.00–1.75
1.00–1.75
0.10–0.35
0.25–0.60
...
...
...
0.02
0.04
0.005 over
0.005 over
0.05
0.15
0.25
0.05
0.05
0.05 over
0.05
...
...
...
0.50 max
0.03 over
Grade 662
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Titanium
Aluminum
Copper
Boron
A
Grade 665
Product Analysis Variation,
Over or Under, %
Content, %
0.08 max
0.40–1.00
0.040 max
0.030 max
0.40–1.00
24.0–28.0
12.0–15.0
2.0–3.5
1.80–2.10
0.35 max
0.50 max
0.001–0.010
Product Analysis Variation,
Over or Under, %
Content, %
0.01 over
0.03
0.005 over
0.005 over
0.05
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05 over
0.03 over
0.0004 under to
0.001 over
Product Analysis Variation,
Over or Under, %
0.08 max
1.25–2.00
0.040 max
0.030 max
0.10–0.80
24.0–28.0
12.0–15.0
1.25–2.25
2.70–3.3
0.25 max
0.25 max
0.01–0.07
0.01 over
0.04
0.005 over
0.005 over
0.05
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05 over
0.03 over
0.005
Or columbium plus tantalum.
TABLE 5
STRESS RUPTURE REQUIREMENTS
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Grade
Class
660
651
662
665
A, B, and C
A and B
A and B
A
B
A
Stress,
ElongaTest
min
Time to
tion,
Temperature,
Rupture, min.,
°F [°C]
ksi MPa min., hA
%
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
[650]
[650]
[650]
[650]
[650]
56
40
55
75
70
385
275
380
515
485
100
100
100
100
100
5
5
5
3
5
The combination bar specimen shown in Fig. 1 shall be tested
continuously at the temperature and at the minimum stress
specified or at a greater stress and shall rupture in a time not
less than that specified.
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SA-453 /SA-453M
TABLE 6
TEST SPECIMEN DIMENSIONS
Specimen
Type
Mid-length
Gage Dia D
and NotchRoot Dia F
Gage
Length,
G
Shoulder
Diameter,
H
NotchRoot
Radius
Inches
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tolerance
0.125
0.160
0.178
0.252
0.357
0.505
±0.001
0.5
0.65
0.75
1.0
1.5
2.0
±0.05
0.177
0.226
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.750
±0.003
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.010
0.015
±0.0005
Millimeters
7
8
9
10
11
12
Tolerance
3.17
4.06
4.52
6.40
9.07
12.8
±0.025
12.0
17.0
20.0
25.0
40.0
50.0
±1.3
4.5
5.5
6.5
9.5
12.0
19.0
±0.1
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.18
0.25
0.38
±0.01
NOTE 1 — Surfaces marked 8, finish to 8 ␮in. [0.2 ␮m] rms or
better.
NOTE 2 — The difference between dimensions F and D shall not
exceed 0.0005 in. [0.01 mm] for specimens 1 or 2. The difference
shall not exceed 0.001 in. [0.02 mm] for specimens 3, 4, 5, or 6.
NOTE 3 — Taper the gage length G to the center so that the
diameter D at the ends of the gage length exceeds the diameter at
the center of the gage length by not less than 0.0005 in. [0.01
mm] nor more than 0.0015 in. [0.04 mm].
NOTE 4 — All sections shall be concentric about the specimen
axis within 0.001 in. [0.02 mm].
NOTE 5 — Thread size T shall be equal to or greater than diameter H.
NOTE 6 — Dimensions A and B are not specified.
NOTE 7 — Length of shoulder C — 1⁄8 + 1⁄32 −0 in. [3.2 + 0.8
mm].
NOTE 8 — Length of shoulder E — 3⁄8 + 1⁄32 −0 in. [10.0 +
0.8 mm].
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 7
MECHANICAL PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS
Tensile
Strength,
min
Yield
Strength
(0.2%
Offset), min
Grade
Class
ksi
MPa
ksi
MPa
660
651
A, B, and C
A
130
100
895
690
B
95
655
A
B
A
B
130
125
170
155
895
860
1170
1070
85
70B
60C
60B
50C
85
80
120
120
585
485
415
415
345
585
550
830
830
662
665†
Elongation in 4
ⴛ DiamA,
min, %
Reduction of
Area, min,
%
Brinell
Hardness
Number
15
18
18
35
248–341
217–277
99 HRBD
95 HRB
37 HRC
29 HRC
18
35
212–269
93 HRB
28 HRCE
15
15
12
12
18
18
15
15
255–321
248–321
311–388
311–388
100 HRBD
99 HRB
32 HRC
32 HRC
35
35
41
41
A
See Fig. 6 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
Material sizes 3 in. [76 mm] and under in diameter.
C
Material sizes over 3 in. [76 mm] in diameter.
D
Conversion numbers taken from Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Table 3D.
E
Conversion numbers taken from Specification A 193/A 193M, Table 2 (austenitic steels); others by interpolation.
†
Placement of grade 665 is editorially corrected.
B
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min
max
HRCE
HRC
HRC
HRC
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-453 /SA-453M
TABLE 8
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF
HOT-ROLLED BARS
Permissible
Variations from
Specified Size
Specified Size
Over
Under
Out of
Round
TABLE 9
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF
COLD-FINISHED BARS
Inches
5
⁄16 and under
Over 5⁄16 to 7⁄16, incl
Over 7⁄16 to 5⁄8, incl
Over 5⁄8 to 7⁄8, incl
Over 7⁄8 to 1, incl
1
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
1 to 1
11⁄8 to
11⁄4 to
13⁄8 to
11⁄2 to
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
2 to 21⁄2, incl
21⁄2 to 31⁄2, incl
31⁄2 to 41⁄2, incl
41⁄2 to 51⁄2, incl
51⁄2 to 61⁄2, incl
61⁄2 to 71⁄2, incl
⁄8, incl
11⁄4, incl
13⁄8, incl
11⁄2, incl
2, incl
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.008
0.009
0.010
0.012
0.013
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
1
⁄64
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
1
⁄64
0.015
0.016
0.018
0.021
0.023
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.023
0.035
0.046
0.058
0.070
0.085
⁄32
⁄64
1
⁄16
5
⁄64
1
⁄8
5
⁄32
3
Permissible Variations from
Specified Size, in. [mm]A
Specified Size, in. [mm]
1
Over ⁄2 to 1 [13 to 25], excl
1 to 11⁄2 [25 to 38], excl
11⁄2 to 4 [38 to 100], inclB
Under
0.002 [0.05]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.003 [0.08]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.003 [0.08]
A
When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after
cold finishing, because of special hardness or mechanical property
requirements, the permissible variations are generally double those
shown in the table.
B
For size tolerances of sizes over 4 in. [100 mm], the manufacturer should be consulted.
TABLE 10
THREAD TYPES
Millimeters
8.0 and under
Over 8.0 to 11.0, incl
Over 11.0 to 16.0, incl
Over 16.0 to 22.0, incl
Over 22.0 to 25.0, incl
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.20
0.23
0.25
0.30
0.33
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
25.0
29.0
32.0
35.0
38.0
29.0 incl
32.0, incl
35.0, incl
38.0, incl
51.0, incl
0.25
0.28
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.25
0.28
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.38
0.41
0.46
0.53
0.58
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
51.0 to 63.0, incl
63.0 to 89.0, incl
89.0 to 114, incl
114 to 140, incl
140 to 165, incl
165 to 191, incl
0.80
1.2
1.6
2.0
3.2
4.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.58
0.89
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.2
to
to
to
to
to
Over
Type
Operation
Heat Treatment Status
M1
M2
Machine cut
Machine cut
R1
R2
Rolled
Rolled
Post-precipitation hardening
Post-solution anneal and
pre-precipitation hardening
Post-precipitation hardening
Post-solution anneal and
pre-precipitation hardening
819
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENT
The following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser
in the inquiry, contract, and order.
S1. Marking
S1.1 Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols
shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of
bolts of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the
grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For
bolts and studs smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and
for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] studs requiring more than a total of
three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-455/SA-455M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
CARBON STEEL, HIGH-STRENGTH MANGANESE
SA-455/SA-455M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 455/A 455M-03(R07).]
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers high-tensile strength carbon-manganese steel plates intended for welded pressure
vessels.
variations in dimensions and mass, quality and repair of
defects, marking, loading, etc.
3.2 Specification A 20/A 20M also establishes the rules
for ordering information that should be complied with when
purchasing plates to this specification.
1.2 This steel is usually made to a semi-killed or capped
deoxidation practice; however, at the purchaser’s or the
steel producer’s option, the steel may be made siliconkilled or aluminum-killed.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
where additional control, testing, or examination is
required to meet end use requirements.
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates furnished under
this specification shall be 3⁄4 in. [20 mm].
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20/A 20M.
1.4 For plates produced from coil and furnished without
heat treatment or with stress relieving only, the additional
requirements, including additional testing requirements
and the reporting of additional test results, of Specification
A 20/A 20M apply.
3.5 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specification until they are processed into finished plates. Plates
produced from coil means plates that have been cut to
individual lengths from coil. The processor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operations involved in the
processing of coils into finished plates. Such operations
include decoiling, leveling, cutting to length, testing,
inspection, conditioning, heat treatment (if applicable),
packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
NOTE 1 — For plates produced from coil and furnished without heat
treatment or with stress relieving only, three test results are reported for
each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regarding plates from coil
are described in Specification A 20/A 20M.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
3.6 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
3.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Plates supplied to this product specification shall
conform to Specification A 20/A 20M, which outlines the
testing and retesting methods and procedures, permissible
4.
Heat Treatment
4.1 Plates are normally supplied in the as-rolled condition. The plates may be ordered normalized or stress
relieved, or both.
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SA-455/SA-455M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
5.
Chemical Composition
5.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements given in Table 1.
Elements
Composition, %
Carbon, max (A), (B)
Manganese:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, max (A)
Sulfur, max (A)
Silicon: (C)
Heat analysis
Product analysis
6.
Mechanical Properties
6.1 Tension Test —The plates, as represented by the
tension test specimens, shall conform to the requirements
given in Table 2.
0.33
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.035
0.035
0.10 max
0.13 max
NOTES:
(A) Applies to both heat and product analyses.
(B) When the silicon is higher than 0.10%, the carbon maximum shall
be 0.28%.
(C) At the purchaser’s or the producer’s option, silicon may be 0.40%
max on heat analysis, 0.45% max on product analysis.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Thickness
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % (A)
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % (A)
Up to 0.375 in.
[9.5 mm]
Over 0.375 to 0.580 in.
[15 mm]
Over 0.580 to 0.750 in.
[20 mm]
75–95 [515–655]
38 [260]
15
22
73–93 [505–640]
37 [255]
15
22
70–90 [485–620]
35 [240]
15
22
NOTE:
(A) See Specification A 20/A20M for elongation adjustments.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. A list
of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included
in Specification A 20/A 20M. Those that are considered suitable for use with this specification are listed below by title.
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-476/SA-476M
SPECIFICATION FOR DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS FOR
PAPER MILL DRYER ROLLS
SA-476/SA-476M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 476/A 476M-00(R05) except for editorial changes in 4.1.6 and 13.1 to make certification mandatory.]
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers ductile iron castings for
use in pressure containing paper mill dryer rolls at temperatures up to 450°F [230°C].
4.1.1 Quantity,
4.1.2 Specification number and date of issue,
4.1.3 Description of casting by pattern number or
drawing,
1.2 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated
between the properties of the iron in various locations of
the same casting or between the properties of a casting
and those of a test specimen cast from the same iron (see
Appendix X1).
4.1.4 Heat treatment, if required (see 5.1),
4.1.5 Type of test coupon (see 9.2),
4.1.6 Certification, is required (see 13.1),
4.1.7 Marking location (see 14.1), and
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
4.1.8 Additional requirements.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 The castings may be stress relieved at a temperature
not to exceed 1200°F [650°C].
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Testing
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2
in. (51 mm) in Thickness
6.
Chemical Requirements
6.1 The castings shall conform to the following chemical requirements:
Total carbon, min, %
Silicon, max, %
Phosphorus, max, %
Sulfur, max, %
3.0
3.0
0.08
0.05
6.2 The castings shall have a carbon equivalent of 3.8
to 4.5 inclusive.
3.
Terminology
3.1 Definitions for many terms common to iron castings
are found in Terminology A 644.
NOTE 1 — The carbon content equivalent is calculated as follows:
Total carbon + 0.3 (silicon + phosphorus)
4.
6.3 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be
made on either chilled cast pencil-type specimens or on
thin wafers approximately 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm] thick, cut from
test coupons. Drillings shall not be used due to attendant
loss of graphite.
Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material purchased to the requirements of
this specification should include the following information:
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SA-476/SA-476M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
7.
Mechanical Properties
7.1 The iron represented by test coupons shall conform
to tensile requirements prescribed in Table 1.
10.3 If any specimen shows defective machining or
flaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from
the same casting represented.
7.2 The yield strength prescribed in Table 1 may be
determined by any of the approved procedures described
in 7.3 of Test Methods E 8.
10.4 If an apparently sound test specimen fails to conform to the tensile requirements, two retests may be made.
If either retest fails to conform to the requirements specified, the castings shall be rejected.
7.3 The Brinell hardness of the material shall be a
minimum of 201 HB. Hardness tests shall be conducted
in accordance with Test Method E 10, using a 3000 kgf
load. The test may be made on either the casting or on a
test coupon representing the casting.
11. Repairs
11.1 Castings made to this specification that leak on
subsequent hydrostatic testing may be repaired by using
threaded plugs provided the following requirements are
met.
11.1.1 No welding or brazing shall be permitted.
11.1.2 The diameter of the plug shall not exceed
the diameter of a standard 2 in. [ISO R2] iron pipe size
pipe plug.
11.1.3 The plugs, where practical, shall conform in
all dimensions to the standard iron pipe size pipe plugs.
In addition, they shall have full thread engagement corresponding to the thickness of the repaired section. Where a
tapered plug is impractical because of the excess wall
thickness in terms of plug diameter and coincident thread
engagement, other types of plugs may be used provided
both full thread engagement and effective sealing against
pressure are obtained. Where possible the ends of the plugs
should be ground smooth after installation to conform to
the inside and outside contours of the cylinder.
11.1.4 The material from which the plug is manufactured shall conform in all respects to this specification.
11.1.5 The area adjacent to the drilled hole should
be examined radiographically in accordance with Guide
E 94. The area examined shall meet the requirements of
Severity Level 3 of Reference Radiographs E 446.
11.1.6 The thickness of any repaired section in relation to the size of plug used shall be not less than that
given in Table 3.
11.1.7 The minimum radius of curvature of the
repaired section of the cylinder in relation to the size of
plug used shall be not less than that given in Table 4.
11.1.8 A repaired area may consist of a maximum
of three plugs with a spacing such that the distance between
adjacent plugs shall not be less than those listed in Table
5. Adjacent areas of repair, in which each contains more
than one plug, shall be separated by at least twice the
distance required in Table 5 for the two nearest plugs
separating the two areas.
8.
Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 The castings shall conform to the dimensions on
the drawings furnished by the purchaser, or if no drawing
has been provided, to the dimensions predicated by the
pattern supplied by the purchaser. Surfaces of the castings
shall be free of adhering sand. Runners, risers, fins, and
other extraneous metal shall be removed.
9.
Sampling
9.1 Test coupons shall be poured from the same iron
as the castings represented.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
9.2 Test coupons shall be cast either to the “Y” block
size and shape shown in Fig. 1 or to the dimensions of the
1 in. [25-mm] keel block shown in Fig. 2. The type of test
coupon and, when selected, the size of the “Y” block shall
be specified by the purchaser.
9.3 The test coupons shall be cast in open molds made
of suitable core sand with a minimum 11⁄2 in. [38 mm] of
sand for the 1 in. [25 mm] size and 3 in. [75 mm] of sand
for the 3 in. [75 mm] size. The coupons shall be left in
the mold until black.
9.4 Table 2 shows the equivalent geometrical shapes
with various dimensions and the equivalent “Y” block,
based on cooling rates, and may be used as a guide for
selection of the proper “Y” block to be specified to represent the casting.
9.5 When the castings are heat treated, the test coupons
shall be heat treated with the castings they represent.
10. Tension Test
10.1 Tension test specimens shall be obtained from test
coupons shown in either Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, and machined
to the dimensions shown in Fig. 3. Test coupons cast as
“Y” blocks (Fig. 1) shall be sectioned as shown in Fig. 4.
11.2 Surface imperfections not exceeding 20% of the
thickness of the section and other minor defects may be
repaired by plugging provided the diameter of the plug
does not exceed its length.
10.2 One tension test shall be performed for each
casting.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
12. Inspection
12.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purchaser’s
inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy that
the material is being produced and furnished in accordance
with this specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser
shall not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturer’s
operations. All tests and inspections shall be made at the
place of manufacture unless otherwise agreed.
SA-476/SA-476M
and inspected in accordance with the requirements of this
specification and was found to meet the requirements. In
addition to the certification, a test report shall be furnished
showing the results of all tests performed.
14.
Product Marking
14.1 Castings made in accordance with this specification shall have the name of the manufacturer or his recognized trade mark and this specification number cast on or
indelibly stamped on a surface designated by the purchaser.
FIG. 1 “Y” BLOCKS FOR TEST COUPONS
FIG. 2 KEEL BLOCK FOR TEST COUPONS
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
13. Certification
13.1 The manufacturer’s certification shall be furnished
stating that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,
“Y” Block Size
Dimensions
A
B
C
D
E
For Casting of Thickness 1⁄2 in. to 11⁄2 in.
[12.5-40 mm]
For Castings of Thickness of 11⁄2 in. [40 mm]
and Over
in. [mm]
in. [mm]
1 [25]
11⁄8 [55]
3 [75]
6 [150]
7 [175]
approx
3 [75]
5 [125]
4 [100]
8 [200]
7 [175]
approx
NOTE 1 — The length of keel block shall be 6 in. [150 mm].
FIG. 3 STANDARD ROUND TENSION TEST SPECIMEN
WITH 2-IN. [50 MM] GAGE LENGTH
NOTE 1 — The gage length and fillets shall be as shown, but the
ends may be of any shape to fit the holder of the testing machine in
such a way that the load shall be axial. The reduced section shall
have a gradual taper from the ends toward the center, with the ends
0.003 to 0.005 in. [0.08–0.13 mm] larger in diameter than the
center.
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SA-476/SA-476M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
FIG. 4 SECTIONING PROCEDURE FOR “Y” BLOCKS
(a) 1 in. [25 mm] “Y” Block — Two blanks for
0.50 in. [12.5 mm] diameter tension test specimens.
(b) 3 in. [75 mm] “Y” Block — Four blanks for
0.50 in. [12.5 mm] diameter tension test specimens.
TABLE 2
EQUIVALENT GEOMETRIC SHAPES CORRESPONDING
TO “Y” BLOCKS
TABLE 1
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Test Coupon Section Thickness
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. [50mm], min, %
1 in. [25 mm] 3 in. [75 mm]
80 [555]
60 [415]
3.0 [3.0]
80 [555]
60 [415]
1.0 [1.0]
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“Y” Block
Size,
in. [mm]
Infinite Plate
Thickness,
in. [mm]
Round
Diameter,
in. [mm]
Cube Edge,
in. [mm]
1 [25]
3 [75]
0.9 [22.5]
1.6 [40]
1.75 [44]
3.1 [78]
2.75 [44]
4.8 [120]
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 3
MINIMUM THICKNESS OF REPAIRED SECTIONS
Iron Pipe Size Plug, in.
[ISO Pipe Plug Size]
TABLE 4
MINIMUM RADIUS OF REPAIRED SECTIONS
Iron Pipe Size Plug, in.
[ISO Pipe Plug Size]
Minimum Section
Thickness, in. [mm]
1
⁄8 [R1⁄8]
⁄4 [R1⁄4]
3
⁄8 [R3⁄8]
1
⁄2 [R1⁄2]
3
⁄4 [R3⁄4]
1 [R1]
11⁄4 [R11⁄4]
11⁄2 [R11⁄2]
2 [R2]
Minimum Radius of Curvature,
in. [mm]
1
⁄8 [R1⁄8]
⁄4 [R1⁄4]
3
⁄8 [R3⁄8]
1
⁄2 [R1⁄2]
3
⁄4 [R3⁄4]
1 [R1]
11⁄4 [R11⁄4]
11⁄2 [R11⁄2]
2 [R2]
11
⁄32 [8]
⁄16 [10]
1
⁄2 [13]
21
⁄32 [17]
3
⁄4 [19]
13
⁄16 [21]
7
⁄8 [23]
15
⁄16 [24]
1 [26]
1
SA-476/SA-476M
9
⁄16 [15]
11
⁄16 [18]
11⁄16 [28]
11⁄4 [32]
1
7
2 [52]
21⁄2 [64]
4 [104]
51⁄4 [136]
81⁄8 [208]
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TABLE 5
MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN PLUG CENTERS
(Based on Ligament Efficiency of 80%)A
Adjacent Plug Diameters, in.
[ISO Pipe Plug Size]
1
⁄8 [R1⁄8], 1⁄4 [R1⁄4], 3⁄8 [R3⁄8]
⁄2 [R1⁄2], 3⁄4 [R3⁄4]
1 [R1], 11⁄4 [R11⁄4]
11⁄2 [R11⁄2], 2 [R2]
1
Minimum Distance Between Plug Centers, in. [mm]
1
1
1
1
3
3
⁄8 [R ⁄8], ⁄4 [R ⁄4], ⁄8 [R ⁄8]
1
⁄2 [R1⁄2], 3⁄4 [R3⁄4]
1 [R1], 11⁄4 [R11⁄4]
41⁄8 [105]
41⁄8 [105]
65⁄8 [169]
91⁄2 [242]
65⁄8 [169]
65⁄8 [169]
65⁄8 [169]
91⁄2 [242]
25⁄8 [67]
41⁄8 [105]
65⁄8 [169]
91⁄2 [242]
A
11⁄2 [R11⁄2], 2 [R2]
91⁄2 [242]
91⁄2 [242]
91⁄2 [242]
91⁄2 [242]
Example — Assume three plugs are required for repair, one 1⁄8 in. [R1⁄8], one 3⁄8 in. [R3⁄8], and one 11⁄2 in. The minimum distance permitted
is as follows.
Ligament distance between 1⁄8 [R1⁄8] and 3⁄8 in. [R3⁄8] plugs p 25⁄8 in. [67 mm]
Ligament distance between 1⁄8 [R1⁄8] and 11⁄2 in. [R11⁄2] plugs p 91⁄2 in. [242 mm]
Ligament distance between 3⁄8 [R3⁄8] and 11⁄2 in. [R11⁄2] plugs p 91⁄2 in. [242 mm]
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SA-476/SA-476M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
bosses. Because of the complexity of the interactions of
these factors, no precise quantitative relationship can be
stated between the properties of the iron in various locations of the same casting or between the properties of a
casting and those of a test specimen cast from the same
iron. When such a relationship is important and must be
known for a specific application, it may be more closely
ascertained by appropriate experimentation.
X1.3 When reliable information is unavailable on the
relationship between properties in a casting and those in
a separately cast test specimen, and where experimentation
would be unfeasible, the size of the test casting should be
so selected as to approximate the thickness of the main or
controlling section of the casting.
X1. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
CASTINGS
X1.1 The mechanical properties of iron castings are
influenced by the cooling rate during and after solidification, by chemical composition, by heat treatment, by the
design of the casting, by the design and nature of the mold,
by the location and effectiveness of gates and risers, and
by certain other factors.
X1.2 The cooling rate in the mold and, therefore, the
properties developed in any particular section are influenced by the presence of cores, chills and chaplets, changes
in section thickness, and the existence of bosses, projections, and intersections, such as junctions of ribs and
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-479/SA-479M
SPECIFICATION FOR STAINLESS STEEL BARS AND
SHAPES FOR USE IN BOILERS AND OTHER
PRESSURE VESSELS
SA-479/SA-479M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 479/A 479M-04 except for editorial corrections.)
1.
2.2 Other Document:
SAE J1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals
and Alloys
Scope
1.1 This specification covers hot- and cold-finished bars
of stainless steel, including rounds, squares, and hexagons,
and hot-rolled or extruded shapes such as angles, tees, and
channels for use in boiler and pressure vessel construction.
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered
under this specification. Such requirements may include,
but are not limited to, the following:
NOTE 1: There are standards covering high nickel, chromium, austenitic
corrosion, and heat-resisting alloy materials. These standards are under
the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee B02.07 and may be found in
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards;
within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of
the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in nonconformance with the specification.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces);
3.1.2 Dimensions, including diameter or thickness
(and width), shape or form, applicable prints or sketches,
length, etc.;
3.1.3 Type or UNS designation (Table 1);
3.1.4 ASTM designation and edition year if other
than latest edition;
1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the
inch-pound units.
2.
3.1.5 Heat treated condition (Section 4);
3.1.6 Finish (see Manufacture section of Specification A 484/A 484M);
3.1.7 Supplementary Requirements invoked for special services (described at the end of this specification);
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 484/A 484M Specification for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
3.1.8 Whether bars are to be rolled as bars or cut
from strip or plate;
3.1.9 Preparation for delivery (see Preparation for
Delivery section of Specification A 484/A 484M);
3.1.10 Marking requirements (see Marking section
of Specification A 484/A 484M);
3.1.11 Surface preparation of shapes (see Manufacture section of Specification A 484/A 484M); and
3.1.12 The intended use of the material, if the purchaser considers this useful information.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
NOTE 2: A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb [2000 kg];
1.000 in. [25 mm] round bar by 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m]; Type 304 or UNS
S30400; to Specification A 479 [A 479M]; annealed; centerless ground;
plus any optional supplementary requirements, such as, for example,
special marking instructions.
the strain-hardened condition may be specified and is produced by solution annealing, as described in 4.1.1, followed
by strain hardening sufficient to meet the required mechanical properties. Solution-annealed and strain-hardened
material shall be capable of meeting the intergranular corrosion test of Supplementary Requirement S2.
4.
4.1.3.1 Two strain hardened conditions have been
established for different applications: Level 1 and Level 2
(see Table 2).
Heat Treatment
4.1 Austenitic Grades:
4.1.1 Except for the strain-hardened grade (see 4.1.3)
and the hot-rolled grade (see 4.1.4), all austenitic grades
of stainless steel shall be furnished in the solution-annealed
condition, with subsequent light cold drawing and straightening permitted. (See Supplementary Requirement S5 if
annealing must be the final operation.) Solution annealing
for all grades, except the H grades (see 4.1.2), N08367
(see 4.1.8), S31254 (see 4.1.5), S32050 (see 4.1.5), S33228
(see 4.1.7), S34565 (see 4.1.6), and S35315 (see 4.1.9),
shall consist of (1) heating the material to a temperature of
1900°F [1040°C] minimum so that grain boundary carbides
enter into solution, and cooling rapidly to prevent grain
boundary carbide precipitation; or alternatively (2) (except
for the columbium and titanium stabilized grades 309Cb,
310Cb, 316Cb, 316Ti, 321, 347, and 348) immediately
following hot working while the temperature is above
1750°F [955°C] so that grain boundary carbides are in
solution, cooling rapidly to prevent grain boundary carbide
precipitation. When Supplementary Requirement S2 is
invoked, all austenitic grades except S30815 shall pass the
intergranular corrosion test requirements described in S2.
4.1.4 High tensile Type XM-19 shall be in the hotrolled or strain-hardened condition and shall be capable of
meeting the mechanical property requirements of Table 2
and passing the intergranular corrosion test prescribed in
S2. The strain hardened condition is achieved by solution
annealing followed by cold working sufficient to develop
the required mechanical properties.
4.1.5 Solution annealing of S31254, S32050, and
S32654 shall consist of heating the material to a temperature of 2100°F [1150°C] minimum for an appropriate time,
followed by water quenching or rapidly cooling by other
means.
4.1.6 Solution annealing of S34565 shall consist of
heating the material in the range of temperature from
2050°F [1120°C] to 2140°F [1170°C] for an appropriate
time, followed by water quenching or rapidly cooling by
other means.
4.1.7 Solution annealing of S33228 shall consist of
heating the material in the temperature range 2050 to
2160°F [1120 to 1180°C] for an appropriate time, followed
by water quenching or rapid cooling by other means.
4.1.2 For H grades, the minimum solution annealing
temperatures shall be as follows:
4.1.8 Solution annealing of N08367 shall consist of
heating the material to a temperature of 2025°F [1105°C]
minimum for an appropriate time, followed by water
quenching or rapidly cooling by other means.
4.1.2.1 When hot finished, 1900°F [1040°C] for
Types 304H, 309H, 310H, and 316H; 1925°F [1050°C]
for Types 321H, 347H, and 348H,
4.1.2.2 When cold worked prior to solution
annealing, 1900°F [1040°C] for Types 304H, 309H, 310H,
and 316H; 2000°F [1095°C] for Types 321H, 347H, and
348H.
4.1.9 Solution annealing of S35315 shall consist of
heating the material to a temperature of 2100°F [1150°C]
minimum for an appropriate time, followed by water
quenching or rapidly cooling by other means.
NOTE 3: Solution annealing temperatures above 1950°F [1065°C] may
impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure
to sensitizing conditions in the stabilized grades, Types 321, 321H, 347,
347H, 348 and 348H. When intergranular corrosion is of concern, the
purchaser should specify the corrosion test of S2 (to be conducted on
sensitized specimens). The manufacturer may, if necessary, use a lower
temperature resolution anneal or a stabilization anneal after a high temperature solution anneal in order to meet corrosion test requirements. Consideration should be given to the corrosive media before using a stabilization
anneal at less than 1800°F [980°C], as such a treatment may not be fully
effective for all media.
NOTE 4: Grain size requirements for the H grades are described in
Section 7.
4.2 Austenitic-Ferritic Grades:
4.2.1 S31803, S32205, and S32550 shall be furnished in the annealed condition with subsequent straightening permitted. The annealing treatment of S31803 and
S32550 shall consist of heating the material to a temperature of 1900°F [1040°C] minimum for an appropriate time
followed by water quenching or rapid cooling by other
means. The annealing treatment for S32205 shall consist
of heating the material to a temperature of 1900°F [1040°C]
minimum for an appropriate time, followed by water
quenching.
4.1.3 Strain-Hardened Austenitic Type 316—When
Type 316 is desired with increased mechanical properties,
4.2.2 S32101 shall be annealed by heating the material to a temperature of 1870°F [1020°C] minimum for an
832
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appropriate time followed by water quenching or rapid
cooling by other means.
4.4.5 For S41500 heat to 1750°F [955°C] minimum,
air cool to 200°F [95°C] or lower prior to any optional
intermediate temper and prior to the final temper. The
final temper shall be between 1050°F [565°C] and 1150°F
[620°C].
4.2.3 S32950 shall be annealed by heating the material to a temperature of 1825°F [995°C] to 1875°F [1025°C]
for an appropriate time, followed by water quenching or
rapid cooling by other means.
4.4.6 When the purchaser elects to perform the hardening and tempering heat treatment, martensitic materials
shall be supplied by the manufacturer in the annealed condition (see 4.4.1). In this case it shall be the purchaser’s
responsibility to apply the proper heat treatment and to
conduct the tests he deems necessary to assure that the
required properties are obtained.
4.2.4 S32750 shall be annealed by heating the material to a temperature of 1880°F [1025°C] to 2060°F
[1125°C] for an appropriate time, followed by water
quenching or rapid cooling by other means. Subsequent
straightening shall be permitted.
4.2.5 S32760 shall be annealed by heating the material to a temperature of 2010°F [1100°C] to 2085°F
[1140°C] for an appropriate time, followed by water
quenching or rapid cooling by other means.
5.
General Requirements
5.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification,
all requirements of the current editions of Specification
A 484/A 484M shall apply. Failure to comply with the
general requirements of Specification A 484/A 484M constitutes nonconformance with this specification.
4.2.6 UNS S32906 shall be annealed by heating the
material to a temperature of 1900°F (1040°C) to 1980°F
(1080°C) for an appropriate time followed by rapid cooling
in air or water. Subsequent straightening shall be permitted.
4.2.7 S39277 shall be annealed by heating the material to 1940°F [1060°C] to 2060°F [1125°C] for an appropriate time, followed by water quenching or rapid cooling
by other means. Subsequent straightening shall be permitted.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 Chemical composition shall be reported to the purchaser, or his representative, and shall conform to the
requirements specified in Table 1.
4.3 Ferritic Grades—Ferritic grades shall be annealed
to meet the requirements of Table 2.
6.2 When a product analysis is performed or requested
by the purchaser, the tolerance limits as described in Specification A 484 / A 484M apply unless Supplementary
Requirement S3 is invoked.
4.4 Martensitic Grades:
4.4.1 All grades of martensitic steels shall be supplied in either the annealed condition or in the tempered
condition as specified by the purchaser (see 3.1.3). Tempered material shall be normalized, or shall be liquid
quenched from 1700°F [925°C] minimum, followed by
tempering in accordance with 4.4.2, 4.4.3, or 4.4.5.
6.3 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis
required by this specification shall be in accordance with
Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
4.4.2 Types 403 and 410 tempered material shall be
held at tempering temperature for at least 1 h/in. [25.4
mm] of cross section as follows:
7.
Grain Size for Austenitic Grades
7.1 All austenitic grades shall be tested for average
grain size by Test Methods E 112.
4.4.2.1 Condition 1—1250°F [675°C] minimum,
1400°F [760°C] maximum.
7.2 The H grades shall conform to an average grain
size as follows:
4.4.2.2 Condition 2—1100°F [595°C] minimum,
1400°F [760°C] maximum.
7.2.1 ASTM No. 6 or coarser for Types 304H, 309H,
310H, and 316H,
4.4.2.3 Condition 3—1050°F [565°C] minimum,
1400°F [760°C] maximum.
7.2.2 ASTM No. 7 or coarser for Types 321H, 347H,
and 348H.
4.4.3 Types XM-30, 414, and 431 tempered materials shall be held at 1100°F [595°C] minimum for at least
1 h/in. [25 mm] of cross section. Maximum tempering
temperature shall be 1400°F [760°C].
7.3 For S32615, the grain size as determined in accordance with Test Methods E 112, comparison method, Plate
11, shall be No. 3 or finer.
4.4.4 For S41425, heat to 1700°F [925°C] minimum
and hold for 1 h at temperature minimum. Air cool to below
90°F [32°C] and temper at 1100°F [595°C] minimum of
1 h per inch of cross-sectional thickness minimum.
7.4 Supplementary Requirement S1 shall be invoked
when non–H grade austenitic stainless steels are ordered
for ASME Code applications for service above 1000°F
[540°C].
833
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SA-479/SA-479M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
8.
Mechanical Properties Requirements
8.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical property requirements specified in Table 2 for the grade ordered.
At least one room-temperature test shall be performed by
the manufacturer on a sample from at least one bar or
shape from each lot of material.
treated in accordance with 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 or have been
strain hardened in accordance with 4.1.3 shall be identified
by placement of the following symbols after the grade
designation:
11.1.1 Austenitic Grades:
11.1.1.1 All grades in the annealed condition—A,
8.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset
(0.2%) method as prescribed in Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
11.1.1.2 Strain hardened Type 316, Level 1—S1,
11.1.1.3 Strain hardened Type 316, Level 2—S2,
8.3 Martensitic material supplied in the annealed condition shall be capable of meeting the hardened and tempered
mechanical properties when heat treated in accordance with
the requirements of 4.4.
11.1.1.4 Hot-rolled Type XM-19—H,
11.1.1.5 Strain hardened Type XM-19—S,
11.1.1.6 Material meeting Supplementary
Requirement S1—ELT (unnecessary for H grades).
8.4 Hardness measurements, when required, shall be
made at a location midway between the surface and the
center of the cross section.
11.1.1.7 In addition to all other marking requirements of this specification, when S1 is invoked, all grades
in the direct quenched condition (heat treated in accordance
with 4.1.1 (2)) shall be marked “D”.
8.5 Martensitic grades shall be capable of meeting the
hardness requirements after heat treating as specified in
Table 3.
11.1.2 Austenitic-Ferritic Grades—All grades in the
annealed condition—A.
9.
Corrosion Testing
9.1 Austenitic stainless steels solution annealed by the
alternative method (see (2) in 4.1.1) shall be tested and
pass the intergranular corrosion test requirements described
in S2.
11.1.3 Ferritic Grades—All grades in the annealed
condition—A.
11.1.4 Martensitic Grades:
11.1.4.1 All grades in the annealed condition—A.
11.1.4.2 Types 403 and 410—COND 1, COND
2, or COND 3 as appropriate for the tempering temperature
employed.
10. Certification
10.1 The material manufacturer’s certificate of compliance certifying that the material was manufactured and
tested in accordance with this specification, together with
a report of the results required by this specification and
the purchase order, shall be furnished at the time of shipment. The certification shall be positively relatable to the
lot of material represented.
11.1.4.3 Type 414, S41500, and Type XM-30 tempered materials—T.
12.
Keywords
12.1 austenitic stainless steel; austenitic-ferritic duplex
stainless steel; ferritic stainless steel; martensitic stainless
steel; pressure-containing parts; pressure vessel service;
stainless steel bars; stainless steel shapes; temperature service applications—high
11. Product Marking
11.1 In addition to the marking requirements of Specification A 484/A 484M, materials that have been heat
834
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-479/SA-479M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
UNS
DesignationA
Composition, %
Type
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus Sulfur
Silicon
Chromium
B
Nickel
Nitrogen
Molybdenum
Other Elements
C
Austenitic Grades
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
N08367
S20161
S20910
...
...
XM-19
0.030
0.15
0.06
2.00
4.0–6.0
4.0–6.0
0.040
0.045
0.045
0.030
0.030
0.030
1.00
3.0–4.0
1.00
20.0–22.0
15.0–18.0
20.5–23.5
23.5–25.5
4.0–6.0
11.5–13.5
0.18–0.25
0.08–0.20
0.20–0.40
6.0–7.0
...
1.50–3.00
S21600
S21603
S21800
S21904
S24000
S30200
S30400
S30403
S30409
S30451
S30453
S30600
S30815
S30908
S30909
S30940
S30880
S31008
S31009
S31040
S31254
S31600
S31603
S31609
S31635
S31640
S31651
S31653
S31700
S31725
S31726
S32050
S32100
S32109
S32615
S32654
S33228
XM-17
XM-18
...
XM-11
XM-29
302
304
304L
304H
304N
304LN
...
...
309S
309H
309Cb
ER308
310S
310H
310Cb
...
316
316L
316H
316Ti
316Cb
316N
316LN
317
...
...
...
321
321H
...
...
...
0.08
0.03
0.10
0.04
0.08
0.15
0.08 E
0.030
0.04–0.10
0.08
0.030
0.018
0.05–0.10
0.08
0.04–0.10
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.04–0.10
0.08
0.020
0.08 E
0.030
0.04–0.10
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.030
0.08
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.08 E
0.04–0.10
0.07
0.020
0.04–0.08
7.5–9.0
7.5–9.0
7.0–9.0
8.0–10.0
11.5–14.5
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
0.80
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.00–2.50
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.50
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.0–4.0
1.00
0.045
0.045
0.060
0.045
0.060
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.020
0.040
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.030
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.030
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.035
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.010
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.005
0.015
1.00
1.00
3.5–4.5
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
3.7–4.3
1.40–2.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.25–0.60
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.80
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
4.8–6.0
0.50
0.30
17.5–20.5
17.5–20.5
16.0–18.0
19.0–21.5
17.0–19.0
17.0–19.0
18.0–20.0
18.0–20.0
18.0–20.0
18.0–20.0
18.0–20.0
17.0–18.5
20.0–22.0
22.0–24.0
22.0–24.0
22.0–24.0
19.5–22.0
24.0–26.0
24.0–26.0
24.0–26.0
19.5–20.5
16.0–18.0
16.0–18.0
16.0–18.0
16.0–18.0
16.0–18.0
16.0–18.0
16.0–18.0
18.0–20.0
18.0–20.0
17.0–20.0
22.0–24.0
17.0–19.0
17.0–19.0
16.5–19.5
24.0–25.0
26.0–28.0
5.0–7.0
5.0–7.0
8.0–9.0
5.5–7.5
2.3–3.7
8.0–10.0
8.0–10.5
8.0–12.0
8.0–10.5
8.0–12.0
8.0–11.0
14.0–15.5
10.0–12.0
12.0–15.0
12.0–15.0
12.0–16.0
9.0–11.0
19.0–22.0
19.0–22.0
19.0–22.0
17.5–18.5
10.0–14.0
10.0–14.0
10.0–14.0
10.0–14.0
10.0–14.0
10.0–14.0
10.0–14.0
11.0–15.0
13.5–17.5
14.5–17.5
20.0–23.0
9.0–12.0
9.0–12.0
19.0–22.0
21.0–23.0
31.0–33.0
0.25–0.50
0.25–0.50
0.08–0.18
0.15–0.40
0.20–0.40
0.10
...
...
...
0.10–0.16
0.10–0.16
...
0.14–0.20
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.18–0.22
...
...
...
0.10
0.10
0.10–0.16
0.10–0.16
...
0.20
0.10–0.20
0.21–0.32
...
...
...
7.0–8.0
...
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
...
...
...
...
...
...
..
...
...
0.20
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
6.0–6.5
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
2.00–3.00
3.0–4.0
4.0–5.0
4.0–5.0
6.0–6.8
...
...
0.30–1.50
0.45–0.55
...
S34565
S34700
S34709
S34800
...
347
347H
348
0.030
0.08 E
0.04–0.10
0.08 E
5.0–7.0
2.00
2.00
2.00
0.030
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.010
0.030
0.030
0.030
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
23.0–25.0
17.0–19.0
17.0–19.0
17.0–19.0
16.0–18.0
9.0–12.0
9.0–12.0
9.0–12.0
0.40–0.60
...
...
...
4.0–5.0
...
...
...
S34809
348H
0.04–0.10
2.00
0.045
0.030
1.00
17.0–19.0
9.0–12.0
...
...
S35315
S38815
...
...
0.04–0.08
0.030
2.00
2.00
0.040
0.040
0.030
0.020
1.20–2.00
5.50–6.50
24.0–26.0
13.0–15.0
34.0–36.0
15.0–17.0
0.12–0.18
...
...
0.75–1.50
D
835
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Cu 0.75
...
Cb 0.10–0.30;
V 0.10–0.30
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Cu 0.50
Ce 0.03–0.08
...
...
Cb 10ⴛC- 1.10
...
...
...
Cb 10ⴛC-1.10
Cu 0.50–1.00
...
...
...
Ti 5ⴛ(C+N)- 0.70
Cb 10ⴛC- 1.10
...
...
...
...
...
Cu 0.40
Ti 5ⴛ(C+N)- 0.70 F
Ti 4ⴛ(C+N)- 0.70 F
Cu 1.50–2.50
Cu 0.30–0.60
Cb 0.60–1.00; Ce
0.05–0.10; Al 0.025
Cb 0.10
Cb 10ⴛC–1.10
Cb 8ⴛC–1.10
(Cb+Ta) 10ⴛC–
1.10; Ta 0.10;
Co 0.20
(Cb + Ta) 8ⴛC–
1.10; Co 0.20;
Ta 0.10
Ce 0.03–0.08
Al 0.30; Cu 0.75–
1.50
SA-479/SA-479M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D)
Composition, %
UNS
DesignationA
Type
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus Sulfur
Silicon
Chromium
B
Nickel
Nitrogen
Molybdenum
Other Elements
C
Austenitic-Ferritic Grades
S31803
S32101
S32205
S32550
S32750
S32760
S32906
S32950
S39277
G
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.030
0.040
0.030
0.04
0.030
0.030
2.00
4.0–6.0
2.00
1.50
1.20
1.00
0.030
0.040
0.030
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.020
0.010
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.80
1.00
21.0–23.0
21.0–22.0
22.0–23.0
24.0–27.0
24.0–26.0
24.0–26.0
4.5–6.5
1.35–1.70
4.5–6.5
4.5–6.5
6.0–8.0
6.0–8.0
0.08–0.20
0.20–0.25
0.14–0.20
0.10–0.25
0.24–0.32
0.20–0.30
2.5–3.5
0.10–0.80
3.0–3.5
2.9–3.9
3.0–5.0
3.0–4.0
...
...
...
0.030
0.03
0.025
0.80–1.50
2.00
0.80
0.030
0.035
0.025
0.030
0.010
0.002
0.50
0.60
0.80
28.0–30.0
26.0–29.0
24.0–26.0
5.8–7.5
3.5–5.2
6.5–8.0
0.30–0.40
0.15–0.35
0.23–0.33
1.50–2.60
1.00–2.50
3.0–4.0
...
Cu 0.10–0.80
...
Cu 1.50–2.50
Cu 0.50
Cu 0.50–
1.00;W 0.50–1.00
Cu 0.80
...
Cu 1.20–2.00
W 0.80–1.20
Ferritic Grades
S40500
S43000
S43035
405
430
439
0.08
0.12
0.07
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.030
0.030
0.030
1.00
1.00
1.00
11.5–14.5
16.0–18.0
17.0–19.0
0.50
...
0.50
...
...
0.04
...
...
...
S44400
444
0.025
1.00
0.040
0.030
1.00
17.5–19.5
1.00
0.035
1.75–2.50
S44627
XM-27
0.010
0.40
0.020
0.020
0.40
25.0–27.5
0.50
0.015
S44700
...
0.010
0.30
0.025
0.020
0.20
28.0–30.0
0.15
0.020
3.5–4.2
S44800
...
0.010
0.30
0.025
0.020
0.20
28.0–30.0
2.00–2.50
0.020
3.5–4.2
...
...
...
1.25–2.50
4.0–7.0
3.5–5.5
1.25–2.50
...
...
...
...
0.06–0.12
...
...
...
...
...
...
1.50–2.00
0.50–1.00
...
H
H
0.75–1.50
Al 0.10–0.30
...
Ti 0.20 + 4 ⴛ
(C+N)–1.10;
Al 0.15
(Ti+Cb) 0.20 + 4 ⴛ
(C+N)-0.80
Cu 0.20; Cb 0.05–
0.20; (Ni+Cu)
0.50
(C+N) 0.025;
Cu 0.15
(C+N) 0.025;
Cu 0.15
Martensitic Grades
S40300
S41000
S41040
S41400
S41425
S41500
S43100
403
410
XM-30
414
...
I
431
0.15
0.15
0.18
0.15
0.05
0.05
0.20
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.50–1.00
0.50–1.00
1.00
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.020
0.030
0.040
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.005
0.030
0.030
0.50
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.50
0.60
1.00
11.5–13.0
11.5–13.5
11.5–13.5
11.5–13.5
12.0–15.0
11.5–14.0
15.0–17.0
...
...
Cb 0.05–0.30
...
Cu 0.30
...
...
NOTES:
(A) Designations established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J 1086 published jointly by ASTM and SAE. See ASTM DS–56I,
available from ASTM Headquarters.
(B) Maximum unless otherwise indicated.
(C) Except as required for specific alloy type, molybdenum, titanium, nickel, cobalt, tantalum, nitrogen, and copper need not be reported but shall
not be present in other than residual amounts, the intent being to prohibit substitution of one alloy type for another due to absence of control
of the above named elements in certain alloys.
(D) American Welding Society designation.
(E) See Supplementary Requirement S1.
(F) Nitrogen content is to be reported for this grade.
(G) % Cr + 3.3 ⴛ % Mo + 16 ⴛ % N ≥ 40.
(H) Product analysis tolerance over the maximum limit for carbon and nitrogen to be 0.002%.
(I) Wrought version of CA6NM.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-479/SA-479M
TABLE 2
MECHANICAL PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS
UNS Designation
Type
Elongation
Yield
in 2 in. Reduction
Tensile
Strength, A [50 mm] of Area, Brinell
Strength, min,
min,
or 4D,
min, Hardness,
ksi [MPa]
ksi [MPa] min, %
%B, C
max
Condition
Austenitic Grades
N08367
S20161
S20910
S21600, S21603
S21800
S21904
S24000
S30200, S30400,
S30409, S30453,
S30880, S30908,
S30909, S30940,
S31008, S31009,
S31040, S31600,
S31609, S31635,
S31640, S31653,
S31700, S32100,
S32109, S34700,
S34709, S34800,
S34809
S30403, S31603
S30451, S31651
S30600
S30815
S31254
S31725
S31726
S32050
S32615
S32654
S33228
S34565
S35315
S38815
...
annealed
...
annealed
XM-19
annealed
Up to 2 in. [50.8 mm], incl hot-rolled
Over 2 to 3 in. [50.8 to
hot-rolled
76.2 mm], incl
Over 3 to 8 in. [76.2 to
hot-rolled
203.2 mm], incl
Up to 11⁄2 in. [38.1 mm], incl strain-hardened
Over 11⁄2 to 21⁄4 in. [38.1 to strain-hardened
57.2mm], incl
XM-17, XM-18
annealed
...
annealed
XM-11
annealed
XM-29
annealed
302, 304, 304H, 304LN,
annealed
ER308, D 309S, 309H,
309Cb, 310S, 310H,
310Cb, 316, 316H, 316Ti,
316Cb, 316LN, 317, 321,
321H, 347, 347H, 348,
348H
316
2 in. and under
Over 2 to 21/2in. [50.8 to
63.5 mm], incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3 in. [63.5 to
76.2 mm], incl
304L, 316L
304N, 316N
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
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95
125
100
135
115
[310]
[345]
[380]
[725]
[515]
30
40
35
20
25
...
40
55
50
50
241
311
293
...
...
100 [690]
60 [415]
30
50
...
145 [1000]
120 [825]
125 [860]
105 [725]
12
15
40
45
...
...
40
35
45
30
30
50
55
60
50
40
212
241
...
...
...
30
25
30
60
40
40
...
...
...
90
95
90
100
75
[655]
[860]
[690]
[930]
[795]
[620]
[655]
[620]
[690]
[515]
45
50
55
105
75
E
50
50
50
55
30
[345]
[345]
[345]
[380]
[205]
F
strain-hardened level 1
strain-hardened level 2
strain-hardened level 2
85 [585]
95 [655]
90 [620]
65 [450]
75 [515]
65 [450]
strain-hardened level 2
80 [550]
55 [380]
30
40
...
25
35
35
45
44
30
35
48
32
62
27
60
39
37
30
30
40
40
35
40
40
40
25
40
30
35
40
30
40
40
...
50
50
...
...
...
40
40
...
40
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250
...
230
...
...
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
70
80
78
87
95
75
80
98
80
109
73
115
94
78
[485]
[550]
[540]
[600]
[655]
[515]
[550]
[675]
[550]
[750]
[500]
[795]
[650]
[540]
[170]
[240]
[240]
[310]
[305]
[205]
[240]
[330]
[220]
[430]
[185]
[415]
[270]
[255]
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SA-479/SA-479M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
MECHANICAL PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D)
UNS Designation
Type
Condition
Elongation
Yield
in 2 in. Reduction
Tensile
Strength, A [50 mm] of Area, Brinell
Strength, min,
min,
or 4D,
min, Hardness,
ksi [MPa]
ksi [MPa] min, %
%B, C
max
Austenitic-Ferritic Grades
S31803
S32101
S32205
S32550
S32750
S32760
S32906
S32950
S39277
...
...
...
...
2 in. and under
over 2 in.
...
...
...
...
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
S40500
S43000, S43035
S44627
S44400
S44700
S44800
405
430, 439
XM-27
...
...
...
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
annealed
90
94
95
110
116
110
109
109
100
118
[620]
[650]
[655]
[760]
[800]G
[760]
[750]
[750]
[690]
[820]
65
65
65
80
80
75
80
80
70
85
[450]
[450]
[450]
[550]
[550]G
[515]
[550]
[550]
[485]
[585]
25
30
25
15
15
15
25
25
15
25
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
50
60
70
65
60
70
70
[415]
[485]
[450]
[415]
[485]
[485]
25
40
40
45
55
55
[170]
[275]
[275]
[310]
[380]
[380]
20
20
70
70
110
130
115
120
115
...
115
70
125
[485]
[485]
[760]
[895]
[795]
[825]
[795]
40
40
85
100
90
95
90
...
90
40
100
[275]
[275]
[585]
[690]
[620]
[655]
[620]
20 E
20 E
15
12
15
15
15
...
15
13 H
13
290
290
290
297
310
310
300
310
297
293
Ferritic Grades
20
20
20
H
I
45
45
45
45
40
40
H
H
I
207
192
217
217
...
...
Martensitic Grades
S40300, S41000
403, 410
S41400
S41425
S41500
S43100
414
...
...
431
S41040
XM-30
J
annealed
1
2
3
tempered
tempered
normalized and tempered
annealed
tempered
annealed
quenched and tempered
[795]
[485]
[860]
[620]
[275]
[690]
45 E
45 E
45
35
45
45
45
...
45
45 H
45
223
223
269
331
321
321
293
277
321
235
302
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
NOTES:
(A) See Section 8.
(B) Reduction of area does not apply on flat bars 3⁄16 in. [4.80 mm] and under in thickness, as this determination is not generally made in this
product size.
(C) The material shall be capable of meeting the required reduction of area where listed, but actual measurement and reporting of the reduction
of area are not required unless specified in the purchase order.
(D) American Welding Society designation.
(E) Tensile strength 70 ksi [485 MPa] min permitted for extruded shapes.
(F) For bars greater than 2 in. [50 mm], a cross section, 60 ksi [415 MPa] min, shall be permitted.
(G) For sections over 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness, the minimum tensile strength shall be 106 ksi [730 MPa]; the minimum yield strength shall
be 75 ksi [515 MPa].
(H) Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm of 12 % min and reduction of area of 35 % min permitted for cold-finished bars.
(I) Elongation in 2 in. of 12 % min and reduction of area of 35 % min permitted for cold-drawn or cold-rolled bars.
(J) Annealed bars shall be capable of meeting the tempered condition requirements when heat treated in accordance with 4.4.3.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-479/SA-479M
TABLE 3
RESPONSE TO HEAT TREATMENT
Type
403
410
414
A
Heat Treatment
Temperature B
°F (°C), min
Quenchant
Hardness
HRC, min
1750 [955]
1750 [955]
1750 [955]
Air
Air
Oil
35
35
42
NOTES:
(A) Samples for testing shall be in the form of a section not exceeding
3
⁄8 in. [9.50 mm] in thickness.
(B) Temperature tolerance is ±25°F [15°C].
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SA-479/SA-479M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following may be made requirements when the purchaser specifies them to be applicable.
S3. Product Analysis
S3.1 An analysis shall be made by the manufacturer on
a sample from one bar in each lot as defined in Specification
A 484/A 484M. The analysis shall meet the requirements
of Table 1. In the event of failure, the lot represented shall
be rejected except that, at the option of the manufacturer,
each bar in the lot may be tested for acceptance. Product
analysis tolerance provisions do not apply.
S1. Materials for High-Temperature Service
S1.1 Unless an H grade has been ordered, this supplementary requirement shall be specified for ASME Code
applications for service above 1000°F [540°C].
S1.2 The user is permitted to use an austenitic stainless
steel as the corresponding H grade when the material meets
all requirements of the H grade including chemistry,
annealing temperature, and grain size (see Section 7).
S1.3 The user is permitted to use an L grade austenitic
stainless steel for service above 1000°F [540°C], subject
to the applicable allowable stress table of the ASME Code,
when the material meets all requirements of this specification and the grain size is ASTM No. 7 or coarser as determined in accordance with Test Method E 112. The grain
size shall be reported on a Certified Test Report.
S4. Material for High Cycle Fatigue Service
S4.1 The mechanical properties of bars furnished in
lengths under 20 ft [6 m] shall be determined by testing
one end of each bar. Bars furnished in lengths of 20 ft [6
m] and over shall be tested at each end.
S5.
Material for Optimum Resistance to Stress
Corrosion Cracking
S5.1 This supplementary requirement is to be referenced when austenitic stainless steels are to be purchased
in accordance with 4.1.1 with solution-annealing as the
final operation and with no subsequent cold drawing permitted. Straightening is permitted as a final operation to
meet the straightness requirements of Specification
A 484/A 484M unless specifically prohibited by the purchaser.
S2. Corrosion Tests
S2.1 Intergranular corrosion tests shall be performed
by the manufacturer on sensitized specimens of Types
304L, 316L, 321, 347, and 348, and for the other austenitic
grades, on specimens representative of the as-shipped condition. All austenitic stainless steels shall be capable of
passing intergranular corrosion tests in the as-shipped condition. Tests shall be performed in accordance with Practice
E of Practices A 262.
840
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-479/SA-479M
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.2 For Boiler Code applications involving temperatures at which optimum resistance to creep is desired, the
larger grain size of material solution annealed by reheating
is generally desired. For that reason, a minimum grain size
has been required of the H grades (created for optimum
elevated temperature properties), and a mandatory grain
size test and report has been added for the non–H grades
so that the information is available for those desiring to
reclassify a non–H grade to H grade.
X1. RATIONALE REGARDING DEFINITION OF
SOLUTION ANNEALING IN 4.1.1
X1.1 It is generally recognized that austenitic stainless
steels are solution annealed by heating to a temperature
that dissolves (takes into solution) chromium carbides and
quenching rapidly so that the chromium carbides will not
participate in the grain boundaries, which could cause susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in a critically corrosive environment. Thus, solution annealing also can be
accomplished for non-stabilized grades by taking advantage of hot rolling temperatures (which always exceed
solution annealing temperature requirements), maintaining
hot rolling finishing temperatures well above minimum
solution annealing requirements, and immediately quenching integral with hot rolling. Stabilized grades (with columbium or titanium added) cannot be handled this way, since
they would become destabilized due to columbium or titanium carbide solution, without subsequent reheating.
X1.3 To satisfy the concerns of inadvertent assignment
of fine grained material to elevated temperature applications, special marking has been added for material that
meets the requirements of Supplementary Requirement S1.
X1.4 A mandatory test for susceptibility to intergranular corrosion has been added for material solution annealed
by the alternative method [see (2) in 4.1.1] so that a history
of data can be accumulated, as has been done in the past
for material solution annealed by reheating.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
SPECIFICATION FOR GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
FLAT-ROLLED STAINLESS AND HEAT-RESISTING
STEEL PLATE, SHEET, AND STRIP
SA-480 /SA-480M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 480 /A 480M-03c.)
1.
2.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers a group of general requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order
or in an individual specification, shall apply to rolled steel
plate, sheet, and strip, under each of the following specifications issued by ASTM: Specifications A 167, A 176,
A 240/A 240M, A 263, A 264, A 265, A 666, A 693,
A 793, and A 895.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A 176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A 240/A 240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for
Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A 263 Specification for Corrosion-Resisting Chromium
Steel-Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A 264 Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel SteelClad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A 265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base AlloyClad Steel Plate
A 342 Test Methods for Permeability of Feebly Magnetic
Materials
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
A 693 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Stainless
and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A 763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels
A 793 Specification for Rolled Floor Plate, Stainless Steel
A 895 Specification for Free-Machining Stainless Steel
Plate, Sheet, and Strip
1.2 In case of conflict between a requirement of a
product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of
conflict between a requirement of the product specification
or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent
requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall
prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take
precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements
of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waving a test requirement or by making a test
requirement less stringent.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets, except that when
A 480M is specified, Annex A3 shall apply for the dimensional tolerances and not the bracketed SI values in Annex
A2. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units.
However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation [SI units], the material shall be
furnished in inch-pound units.
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Referenced Documents
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
A 923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Wrought Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
Size
E 140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals (Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness,
and Scleroscope Hardness)
4.1.4 Finish (see Section 11 for Sheet, Section 12
for Strip, and Section 13 for Plates). In the case of polished
finishes, specify whether one or both sides are to be polished,
4.1.5 Temper (if the applicable material specification
requires this detail),
4.1.6 Form (plate, sheet, or strip),
4.1.7 Dimensions (thickness, width, length),
4.1.7.1 Thickness shall be ordered to decimal or
fractional thickness. The use of the gage number is discouraged as being an archaic term of limited usefulness not
having general agreement on meaning. The gage number
shall not be a basis for rejection.
2.2 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Shipment and Storage
4.1.7.2 Thickness, width, and length, when applicable, should be ordered in the same units, for example,
0.060 in. by 48 in. by 120 in. [1.52 mm by 1219 mm by
3048 mm].
2.4 AIAG Standard:
B-5 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application
Standard
4.1.8 Edge, strip only (see Section 14 for ColdRolled Strip),
2.5 ANSI Standard:
Accredited Standards Committee X12, (ANSI ASC X12)
3.
4.1.9 Type or UNS designation, refer to the applicable material specification,
4.1.10 Specification designation and date of issue,
4.1.11 Additions to specification or special requirements,
4.1.12 Restrictions (if desired) on methods for
determining yield strength (see appropriate footnote to
mechanical properties table of the basic material specification),
Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Plate, sheet, strip, and cold work as used in
this specification apply to the following:
3.1.2 plate — material 3⁄16 in. [5.00 mm] and over in
thickness and over 10 in. [250 mm] in width. Finishes for
plate are actually shown in Section 13.
4.1.13 Marking requirements (see Section 25),
4.1.14 Preparation for delivery (see Section 25), and
4.1.15 Magnetic permeability test (when required).
Refer to Section 19.
3.1.3 sheet — material under 3⁄16 in. [5.00 mm] in
thickness and 24 in. [600 mm] and over in width. Finishes
for sheet are actually shown in Section 11.
3.1.4 strip — cold-rolled material under 3 ⁄ 16 in.
[5.00 mm] in thickness and under 24 in. [600 mm] in
width. Finishes are detailed in Section 12 for strip, and
strip edges in Section 14 for Cold-Rolled Strip.
NOTE 1 — A typical ordering description is as follows: 200 pieces,
stainless steel sheets, 0.060 in. by 48 in. by 120 in., Type 410 No. 2B
finish, ASTM A 176-XX.
3.1.5 cold work — the changing of mechanical properties by work hardening.
5.
Process
5.1 The steel shall be manufactured/produced by the
following or as specified in the applicable material specification.
5.1.1 The steel shall be made by one of the following
processes: electric-arc, electric-induction, or other suitable
processes.
5.1.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the
purchaser, it shall be so specified on the purchase order.
4.
Ordering Information
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered
under this specification. Such requirements may include,
but are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight and number of pieces),
4.1.2 Name of material (stainless steel),
6.
Heat Analysis
6.1 An analysis of each heat shall be made by the
steel producer to determine the percentages of the elements
4.1.3 Condition (hot-rolled, cold-rolled, annealed,
heat-treated),
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
specified in the applicable material specification. This analysis shall be made from a test sample taken during the
pouring of the melt, or from the in-process product later
in the manufacturing flow. The chemical composition thus
determined shall conform to the applicable material specification.
SA-480 /SA-480M
accordance with requirements of the product specification
and has been found to meet those requirements. The material test report shall report the melting process when the
purchase order requires either a specific type of melting
or requires that the melting process used is to be reported.
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8.1.1 The report shall indicate the type of steel. If
certifying that the material conforms to the requirements
for more than one type of steel, the manufacturer may
indicate each type of steel on the report, or may issue a
separate report for each type of steel.
6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices,
and Terminology A 751.
6.3 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element
for the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms
to the requirements of another grade for which that element
is a specified element having a required minimum content.
For this requirement, a grade is defined as an alloy
described individually and identified by its own UNS designation in a table of chemical requirements within this specification or any specification listed within the scope as being
covered by the specification.
8.2 A signature is not required on the report. However,
the document shall clearly identify the organization submitting the report. Not withstanding the absence of a signature,
the organization submitting the document is responsible
for its content.
8.3 A material test report, certificate of inspection, or
similar document printed from or used in electronic form
from an electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission
shall be regarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed in the certifiers’ facility. The content of the
EDI transmitted document must meet the requirements of
the invoked ASTM standard(s) and conform to any existing
EDI agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the organization submitting the EDI transmission is responsible for the
content of the report.
6.4 The producer is not permitted to certify that
material is in compliance with an ASTM product specification when the purchase order has required that the material
contain as a minimum or range an element that is neither
a specified element nor an intentionally added unspecified
element for the ordered grade in accordance with the definitions of Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
A 751.
8.4 When finished material is supplied to a purchase
order specifying the product specification, the organization
supplying that material shall provide the purchaser with a
copy of the original manufacturer’s test report.
7.
Product Analysis
7.1 The purchaser is permitted to perform a product
analysis (formerly check analysis) to verify the identity of
the finished material representing each heat or lot. Such
analysis shall be made by any of the commonly accepted
methods that will positively identify the material.
NOTE 2 — Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the organization
submitting the report is responsible for the content of the report.
NOTE 3 — The industry definition as invoked here is: EDI is the computer-to-computer exchange of business information in a standard format
such as ANSI ASC X 12.
7.2 The chemical composition determined in accordance with 7.1 shall conform to the limits of the material
specification within the tolerances of Table A1.1, unless
otherwise specified in the applicable material specification
or the purchase order. The allowable variation of a particular element in a single sample for product analysis is permitted to be either above or below the specified range.
However, percentages must exhibit the same tendencies
in all samples; that is, the several determinations of any
individual element in a heat shall not vary both above and
below the specified range.
8.4.1 When the original manufacturer’s test report
was provided by EDI to the organization supplying the
finished material to the purchaser, the organization supplying the finished material shall provide to the purchaser a
printed form of the original test report or shall retransmit
the test report by EDI to the purchaser. In either case, the
test report shall be complete with the full identification of
the original manufacturer and with all data provided on
the test report of the original manufacturer.
8.
Material Test Report and Certification
8.1 A report of the results of all tests required by the
product specification shall be supplied to the purchaser.
This material test report shall reference the product specification designation and year date indicating that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in
9.
Permitted Variations in Dimensions and Weight
9.1 Sheet, strip, and plate shall conform to the permitted
variations in thickness, width, length and flatness, and other
properties when specified, as listed in Annex A2 and Annex
A3, for A 480 and A 480M respectively, for the ordered
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
normally supplied in the annealed plus lightly cold-rolled condition unless
a tensile-rolled product is specified.
product form, or as agreed upon by seller and user and
specified in the purchase order.
Bright Annealed Finish — A smooth, bright, reflective finish typically
produced by cold-rolling followed by annealing in a protective atmosphere
so as to prevent oxidation and scaling during annealing.
10. Workmanship
10.1 The material shall be of uniform quality consistent
with good manufacturing and inspection practices. The
steel shall have no imperfections of a nature or degree, for
the type and quality ordered, that will adversely affect the
stamping, forming, machining, or fabrication of finished
parts.
No. 3 — A linearly textured finish that may be produced by either
mechanical polishing or rolling. Average surface roughness (Ra) may
generally be up to 40 micro-inches. A skilled operator can generally
blend this finish. Surface roughness measurements differ with different
instruments, laboratories, and operators. There may also be overlap in
measurements of surface roughness for both No. 3 and No. 4 finishes.
No. 4 — A linearly textured finish that may be produced by either
mechanical polishing or rolling. Average surface roughness (Ra) may
generally be up to 25 micro-inches. A skilled operator can generally
blend this finish. Surface roughness measurements differ with different
instruments, laboratories, and operators. There may also be overlap in
measurements of surface roughness for both No. 3 and No. 4 finishes.
10.2 Sheet, Strip, and Plate — For sheet, and strip with
No. 1 finish and plate with hot-roll anneal or hot-roll anneal
and pickle finish it is permitted to grind to remove surface
imperfections, provided such grinding does not reduce the
thickness or width at any point beyond the permissible
variations in dimensions. An iron free abrasive wheel shall
be used for such grinding and shall be operated at a speed
ample to ensure that defective areas are cleanly cut out.
No. 6 — This finish has a soft, satin appearance typically produced by
tampico brushing a No. 4 finish.
No. 7 — Has a high degree of reflectivity. It is produced by buffing a
finely ground surface, but the grit lines are not removed. It is chiefly
used for architectural or ornamental purposes.
No. 8 — This is a highly reflective, smooth finish typically produced by
polishing with successively finer grit abrasives, then buffing. Typically,
very faint buff of polish lines may still be visible on the final product.
Blending after part assembly may be done with buffing.
11. Finish for Sheet
11.1 The types of finish available on sheet products are:
11.1.1 No. 1 Finish — Hot-rolled, annealed, and
descaled.
TR Finish — The finish resulting from the cold-rolling of an annealed
and descaled or bright annealed product to obtain mechanical properties
higher than that of the annealed condition. Appearance will vary
depending upon the starting finish, amount of cold work, and the alloy.
11.1.2 No. 2D Finish — Cold-rolled, dull finish.
11.1.3 No. 2B Finish — Cold-rolled, bright finish.
11.1.3.1 Bright Annealed Finish — A bright coldrolled finish retained by final annealing in a controlled
atmosphere furnace.
Architectural Finishes — Sometimes described as a No. 5 finish, these
are a separate category and may be negotiated between buyer and seller,
as there are many techniques and finish variations available throughout
the world.
11.1.4 No. 3 Finish — Intermediate polished finish,
one or both sides.
11.1.10 Architectural finish, No. 5, or other proprietary names are special finishes.
11.1.5 No. 4 Finish — General purpose polished finish, one or both sides.
11.1.11 Note 4 is not meant to be restrictive or to
be used as a basis for rejection but is intended to give
general guidelines. Various production methods may be
used to obtain these finishes.
11.1.6 No. 6 Finish — Dull satin finish, Tampico
brushed, one or both sides.
11.1.7 No. 7 Finish — High luster finish.
11.1.12 Sheets can be produced with one or two sides
polished. When polished on one side only, it is permitted to
rough grind the other side in order to obtain the necessary
flatness.
11.1.8 No. 8 Finish — Mirror finish.
11.1.9 TR Finish — Cold-worked to obtain specified
properties.
NOTE 4 — Explanation of Sheet Finishes:
12. Finish for Strip
12.1 The various types of finish procurable on coldrolled strip products are:
No. 1 — Commonly referred to as hot-rolled annealed and pickled or
descaled. This is a dull, nonreflective finish.
No. 2D — A smooth, nonreflective cold-rolled annealed and pickled or
descaled finish. This nondirectional finish is favorable for retention of
lubricants in deep drawing applicaitons.
12.1.1 No. 1 Finish — Cold-rolled to specified thickness, annealed, and descaled.
No. 2B — A smooth, moderately reflective cold-rolled annealed and
pickled or descaled finish typically produced by imparting a final light
cold-rolled pass using polished rolls. This general-purpose finish is more
readily polished than No. 1 or 2D finishes. Product with 2B finish is
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12.1.2 No. 2 Finish — Same as No. 1 Finish, followed
by a final light cold-roll pass, generally on highly polished rolls.
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12.1.3 Bright Annealed Finish — A bright coldrolled finish retained by final annealing in a controlled
atmosphere furnace.
SA-480 /SA-480M
14.1.3 No. 5 Edge — An approximately square edge
produced by rolling or filing after slitting.
12.1.4 TR Finish — Cold-worked to obtain specified
properties.
15. Heat Treatment
15.1 The heat treatments shown in this section are to
be followed unless otherwise specified in the applicable
material specification. Heat treatment thermal cycles shall
be separate from other thermal processing cycles; for example, in-process thermal cycles are not permitted as a substitute for the separate annealing cycle.
12.1.5 Polished Finish — Stainless steel strip is also
available in polished finishes such as No. 3 and No. 4,
which are explained in Note 4.
NOTE 5 — Explanation of Strip Finishes:
No. 1 — Appearance of this finish varies from dull gray matte finish to
a fairly reflective surface, depending largely upon composition. This finish
is used for severely drawn or formed parts, as well as for applications
where the brighter No. 2 Finish is not required, such as parts for heat
resistance.
15.2 Austenitic Types:
15.2.1 The material shall be solution annealed to
meet the mechanical property requirements of the applicable material specification unless otherwise stated in the
material specification.
No. 2 — This finish has a smoother and more reflective surface, the
appearance of which varies with composition. This is a general purpose
finish, widely used for household and automotive trim, tableware, utensils,
trays, etc.
15.2.2 Except as indicated in Table A1.2, Series 300,
XM-15, N08800, S30415, S30815, S31725, S31726, and
S32615 austenitic chromium-nickel steels, when specified
on the purchase order, shall be capable of meeting the test
for resistance to intergranular corrosion specified in 18.2.
Bright Annealed Finish — See Note 4.
TR Finish — See Note 4.
15.2.3 For grades stabilized with titanium or columbium, refer to Note 6.
13. Finish for Plates
13.1 The types of finish available on plates are:
NOTE 6 — Solution-annealing temperatures above 1950°F [1066°C] can
impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure
to sensitizing conditions in the stabilized grades, Types 309Cb, 309HCb,
310Cb, 310HCb, 316Ti, 316Cb, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348, 348H, and
S35135. When intergranular corrosion is of concern, the purchaser should
specify the corrosion test of 18.2 (to be conducted on sensitized specimens). The manufacturer is permitted, if necessary, use a lower temperature resolution anneal or a stabilization anneal after a high temperature
solution anneal in order to meet corrosion test requirements. Consideration
should be given to the corrosive media before using a stabilization anneal
at less than 1800°F [982°C], as such treatment is not equally effective
for all media.
13.1.1 Hot-Rolled or Cold-Rolled, and Annealed or
Heat Treated — Scale not removed, an intermediate finish.
Use of plates in this condition is generally confined to heatresisting applications. Scale impairs corrosion resistance.
13.1.2 Hot-Rolled or Cold-Rolled, and Annealed or
Heat Treated, and Blast Cleaned or Pickled — Condition
and finish commonly preferred for corrosion-resisting and
most heat-resisting applications, essentially a No. 1 Finish.
13.1.3 Hot-Rolled or Cold-Rolled, and Annealed or
Heat Treated, and Surface Cleaned and Polished — Polish
finish is generally No. 4 Finish.
15.2.4 For the stabilized H types, it is noted that the
heat treatment requirements shown in Table A1.2 differ as
a function of whether the material was cold worked or hot
finished.
13.1.4 Hot-Rolled or Cold-Rolled, and Annealed or
Heat Treated, and Descaled, and Temper Passed —
Smoother finish for specialized applications.
15.2.5 The chromium-manganese-nickel types (201,
202, S20103, S20400, S20153, S21800, XM-17, XM-18,
XM-19, XM-29, and XM-31) shall be solution annealed
to meet the mechanical property requirements of the applicable material specification and, to exhibit adequate resistance to intergranular corrosion (see 18.2). For S20161, the
heat treatment is specified in Table A1.2.
13.1.5 Hot-Rolled or Cold-Rolled, and Annealed or
Heat Treated, and Descaled; and Cold-Rolled, and
Annealed or Heat Treated, and Descaled, and Optionally
Temper Passed — Smooth finish with greater freedom
from surface imperfections than in 13.1.4.
14. Edges for Cold-Rolled Strip
14.1 The types of edges available on strip products are:
15.2.5.1 Note that some of these types contain
high carbon content that can adversely affect resistance to
intergranular corrosion.
14.1.1 No. 1 Edge — A rolled edge, either round or
square as specified.
15.3 Duplex Types — The duplex types shall be solution
annealed in accordance with Table A1.2.
14.1.2 No. 3 Edge — An edge produced by slitting.
15.4 Martensitic and Ferritic Types:
847
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15.4.1 The chromium steels (S32803, 400 Series,
S40945, S41045, S41050, S41500, S43932, S44400,
S44635, S44660, S44700, S44735, S44800, XM-27, and
XM-33) shall be heat treated in such a manner as to satisfy
all the requirements for mechanical and bending properties
specified in the applicable material specification and
(except for 400 series, S41050, and S41500) to provide
for adequate resistance to intergranular attack.
longitudinal and transverse direction. The tension test specimen shall conform to the appropriate sections of Test
Methods and Definitions A 370, unless otherwise specified
in the applicable material specification or agreed upon by
the seller and the purchaser.
17.1.2 The testing speed between the yield strength
and the fracture of the specimen, shall be conducted at a
constant strain rate between 1⁄8 in. [3.18 mm] and 1⁄2 in.
[12.70 mm] inclusive, per inch [25.40 mm] of gage length
per minute, or at a crosshead speed that will give a strain
rate within this range. For the purposes of this specification,
the rate of strain shall be determined by a strain-rate pacer,
indicator, or controller, or by dividing the unit elongation
by the elapsed time from yield strength to fracture.
15.4.2 For S41500, heat to 1750°F [955°C] minimum, air cool to 200°F [93°C] or lower prior to any
optional intermediate temper and prior to the final temper.
The final temper shall be between 1050°F [566°C] and
1150°F [621°C].
17.2 Hardness Test —It is permitted to perform hardness tests on the grip ends of the tension specimens before
they are subjected to the tension test.
16. Number of Tests
16.1 Unless otherwise specified by the applicable material specification or by agreement between the seller and
the purchaser to perform a greater number of tests, the
following number of tests are to be performed.
17.3 Bend Test:
17.3.1 Bend test specimens (when required) shall be
taken from finished material and shall be selected in the
transverse direction or as indicated in the applicable material specification or as agreed upon by the seller and the
purchaser. In the case of transverse bend test specimens,
the axis of bend shall be parallel to the direction of rolling.
16.1.1 In the case of plate, sheet, and strip produced
in coil form, two or more hardness tests (one from each
end of the coil); one bend test, when required; one permeability test, when required; and one or more tension tests
shall be made on specimens taken from each coil. If the
hardness difference between the two ends of the coil
exceeds 5 HRB, or equivalent, or if the material is temper
rolled, tensile properties must be determined on both
coil ends.
16.1.2 In the case of plate, sheet, or strip produced
in cut lengths, one tension test; two tension tests if the
material is temper rolled (one tension test for single piece
lots); one bend test when required, and one or more hardness tests shall be made on each 100 or less pieces of
the same heat and nominal thickness rolled separately or
continuously and heat treated within the same operating
period, either as a lot or continuously.
17.3.2 Bend test specimens from sheet and strip
product shall be the full thickness of the material and
approximately 1 in. [25.4 mm] in width. It is permitted to
round the edges of the test specimen to a radius equal to
one half the specimen thickness.
17.3.3 The width of strip for which bend tests can
be made is subject to practical limitations on the length of
the bend test specimen. For narrow strip, the following
widths can be tested:
Strip Thickness, in. [mm]
NOTE 7 — The term continuously, as applied to heat treatment, is meant
to describe a heat-treating operation in which one cut length follows
another through the furnace. Interspersement of different melts is permissible if they are of approximately the same nominal thickness and are heat
treated in the same operating period and under the same conditions (time
and temperature).
0.100 [2.5] and under
Over 0.100 [2.5] to 0.140 [3.5], excl.
0.140 [3.5] and over
1
⁄2 [12.7]
1 [25.4]
11⁄2 [38.1]
Bend test specimens shall be of any suitable length over
the specified minimum length.
16.1.3 One intergranular corrosion test, when
required, shall be selected from each heat and thickness
subjected to the same heat treatment practice. It is permitted
to obtain such specimens from specimens selected for
mechanical testing.
17.3.4 Bend test specimens taken from plates shall
be in full thickness of the material up to and including 1⁄2 in.
[12.7 mm] in thickness, of suitable length, and between 1
and 2 in. [25.4 and 50.8 mm] in width. It is permitted to
remove the sheared edges to a depth of at least 1⁄8 in. [3.2
mm] and it is permitted to smooth the sides with a file. It
is permitted to break the corners of the cross section of
the specimen with a file, but no appreciable rounding of
the corners is permitted.
17. Test Specimens
17.1 Tension Test:
17.1.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from
finished material and shall be selected in either or both
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17.3.5 In the case of plates over 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm]
in thickness, it is permitted to use bend test specimens,
machined to 1 in. [25.4 mm] nominal width by 1⁄2 in.
[12.7 mm] nominal thickness and at least 6 in. [152.4 mm]
in length. One surface, to be the outside surface in bending,
shall be the original surface of the plate; however, surface
preparation by light grinding is permitted. It is permitted
to round the edges to a 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm] radius. When
agreed by the seller and the purchaser, it is permitted to
modify the cross section to 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] nominal
square.
shall be a matter for negotiation between the seller and the
purchaser. When specified, all flat rolled products of the
chromium-nickel series (300 series) in thickness up to and
including 2 in. [50.8 mm] nominal size shall be capable
of passing the intergranular corrosion test in the as-shipped
condition. In the case of heavier plates of types other
than 304L, 304LN, 309Cb, 310Cb, 316Cb, 316L, 316LN,
316Ti, 317L, 321, 347, 348, S31725, and S31726, the
applicability of this test shall be a matter for negotiation
between the seller and the purchaser.
18.2.2 The H types are not normally subject to intergranular corrosion tests. However, it is permitted to specify
Practice E of Practices A 262 for Type 321H when intergranular corrosion is of concern. In this case, the purchaser
shall inform the seller and agree upon the requirements and
these requirements shall be so stated on the purchase order.
17.3.6 In the case of plates over 1 in. [25.4 mm] in
thickness, bend tests must be agreed upon between the
seller and the purchaser.
17.3.7 The bend test specimen shall withstand cold
bending through the angle specified in the applicable material specification without cracking on the outside of the
bent portion.
18.2.3 Austenitic chromium-manganese-nickel types
(201, 202, XM-17, XM-18, XM-19, XM-29, XM-31,
S20400, and S21800) are to be heat treated for intergranular
corrosion resistance. When intergranular corrosion tests
are required, they shall be as agreed upon between the
seller and the purchaser.
17.4 The bend shall be made over a diameter equal to
the number of thicknesses of flat stock shown in the applicable material specification or over a single piece of flat
stock equal to the number of thicknesses shown in the
applicable material specification; or as follows:
18.2.4 N08800 shall be heat treated for intergranular
corrosion resistance. When intergranular corrosion tests
are required, they shall be as agreed upon between the
seller and purchaser.
17.4.1 Material up to and including 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm]
in thickness shall be bent over a piece (or pieces) of flat
stock that has the same nominal thickness of the material
being tested (1T), allowing the test material to form its
natural curvature.
18.2.5 Corrosion tests are not normally required for
the 400 series types. Lower-carbon corrosion-resistant
types (S44400, S44635, S44660, S44700, S44800, S44735,
XM-27, and XM-33) are heat treated for resistance to
corrosion. For S44400, S44635, S44660, S44700, S44800,
S44735, XM-27, and XM-33, intergranular corrosion testing of Practices A 763, Practice X, Y, or Z shall be specified
as agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser.
17.4.2 Material over 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm] and up to and
including 1 in. [25.4 mm] in thickness shall be bent over
a piece (or pieces) of flat stock equalling two times the
thickness of the material being tested (2T), allowing the
test material to form its natural curvature.
18.3 Detrimental Intermetallic Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels — The tests for detrimental intermetallic phases
in wrought duplex stainless steels, Methods A, B, or C of
Test Methods A 923, are not required unless it is specified
on the purchase order. All duplex (austenitic-ferritic) types
that are listed in Test Methods A 923 are expected to be
capable of passing these tests. However, it is not necessary
to actually run the tests unless specified on the purchase
order. The applicability of these tests to duplex stainless
steels not listed in Test Methods A 923 shall be a matter
for negotiation between the seller and the purchaser.
18. Special Tests
18.1 If other tests are required, the methods and acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon between the seller and
the purchaser and specified on the purchase order.
18.2 Resistance to Intergranular Corrosion:
18.2.1 The intergranular corrosion test, Practice E
of Practices A 262, is not required unless it is specified on
the purchase order. All austenitic chromium-nickel types
except the H types are expected to be capable of passing
this test. However, it is not necessary to actually run the
test unless it is specified on the purchase order. Note that
Practices A 262 require the test to be performed on sensitized specimens in the low-carbon and stabilized types and
on specimens representative of the as-shipped condition
for other types. In the case of low-carbon types containing
3% or more molybdenum in their specified composition,
the applicability of the sensitizing treatment prior to testing
19. Test Methods
19.1 The properties enumerated in applicable specifications shall be determined in accordance with the following ASTM standards.
19.1.1 Tension Tests — Test Methods and Definitions
A 370.
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21.2 Defect depth shall not exceed 1⁄3 of the nominal
thickness, and the total area shall not exceed 1% of the
plate surface area, unless prior approval from the purchaser
is obtained.
19.1.2 Brinell Tests — Test Methods and Definitions
A 370.
19.1.3 Rockwell Hardness — Test Methods and
Definitions A 370.
21.3 Unacceptable imperfections shall be suitably prepared for welding by grinding or machining. Open clean
defects, such as pits or impressions, will not necessarily
require preparation.
19.1.4 Hardness Equivalents — Tables E 140.
19.1.5 Intergranular Corrosion (when specified) —
Practices A 262, Practices A 763.
19.1.6 Permeability Test (when required) — Test
Methods A 342.
19.1.7 Charpy Impact Testing (when required) —
Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
21.4 The welding procedure and the welders or welding
operators shall be qualified in accordance with Section IX
of the ASME Code.
19.1.8 Intermetallic Phases (when specified) — Test
Methods A 923.
21.5 The welding consumables shall be suitable with
the plate.
21.6 After repair welding, the welded area shall be
ground smooth and blended uniformly to the surrounding
surface.
20. Retests and Retreatment
20.1 Retests are permitted in accordance with the provisions of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
20.2 If any test specimen shows defective machining
or develops flaws, it is permitted to discard the flawed
specimen and substitute another specimen.
22. Inspection
22.1 Inspection of the material by the purchaser’s representative at the producing plant shall be made as agreed
upon between the purchaser and the seller as part of the
purchase order.
20.2.1 If the percentage of elongation of any tension
specimen is less than that specified and any part of the
fracture is more than 3⁄4 in. [19.1 mm] from the center of
the gage length of the 2 in. [50.8 mm] specimen or is
outside the middle half of the gage length of an 8 in.
[203.2 mm] specimen, as indicated by scribe marks placed
on the specimen before testing, a retest shall be allowed.
22.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order: (1) the seller is responsible for the performance
of all the inspection and test requirements in this specification, (2) the seller is permitted to use his own or other
suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and
testing, and (3) the purchaser shall have the right to perform
any of the inspection and tests set forth in this specification.
The manufacturer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all
reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy the inspector that
the material is being furnished in accordance with the
specification. Inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere
unnecessarily with the manufacturer.
20.3 If a bend test specimen fails, due to conditions of
bending more severe than required by the specification, a
retest shall be permitted, either on a duplicate specimen
or on a remaining portion of the failed specimen.
20.4 If the results of any test lot are not in conformance
with the requirements of the applicable material specification, the producer is permitted the option of retreating such
lots. The material shall be accepted if the results of retests
on retreated material are within the specified requirements.
23. Rejection
23.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based
on tests made in accordance with this specification shall
be reported to the seller within 60 working days from the
receipt of the material by the purchaser.
20.5 If any specimens selected to represent any heat
fail to meet any of the test requirements as specified in the
applicable material specification, it is permitted to reheat
treat the material represented and resubmit it for testing.
20.6 If the product analysis fails to conform to the
specified limits, analysis shall be made on a new sample.
The results of this retest shall be within the specified
requirements.
23.2 Material that shows injurious imperfections as
described in Section 10 subsequent to its acceptance at the
purchaser’s works will be rejected and the seller shall be
notified.
21. Repair of Plate by Welding
21.1 Repair of surface defects of plate, by welding,
is permitted unless prohibited by other specifications or
purchase order requirements.
24. Rehearing
24.1 Samples tested in accordance with this specification that represent rejected material shall be retained for
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
25.1.1.3 Sheet, strip, and plate in coil form shall
be marked near the outside end of the coil. The inside of
the coil shall also be marked or shall have a tag or label
attached and marked with the information of 25.1.1.1.
three weeks from the date of the notification to the seller
of the rejection. In case of dissatisfaction with the results
of the test, the seller is permitted to make claim for a
rehearing within that time.
25.1.1.4 Material less than 1⁄4 in. [6.4 mm] in
thickness shall not be marked with die stamps.
25.
Packaging, Marking, and Loading
25.1 For Commercial Procurement:
25.1.1.5 The manufacturer’s test identification
number shall be legibly stamped on each test specimen, if
to be shipped to the customer.
25.1.1 Marking — Unless otherwise specified in the
applicable material specification or the purchase order,
marking shall be conducted as follows:
25.1.1.6 Material that conforms completely with
the requirements of two types of steel within the ordering
specification is permitted to be marked as both types of steel
provided that the manufacturer is certifying the material as
meeting the requirements of each of the types of steel.
Such marking, if used, shall be part of the same marking
as used for a single type of steel, or shall be a separate
but similar marking immediately adjacent to the marking
used for a single type of steel.
25.1.1.1 Sheet, strip, and plate shall be marked
on one face, in the location indicated below with the specification designation number, type of steel (type or UNS
designation), material identification number, and the name
or mark of the manufacturer. For sheet, strip, and plate
whose length and width dimensions are both less than 24
in., each piece shall be marked with the type of steel
and material identification number. The specification and
designation number, and name or mark of the manufacturer
shall be marked on the piece(s) or attached to the item or
bundle. The characters shall be of such size as to be clearly
legible. The marking shall be sufficiently stable to withstand normal handling. Unless otherwise specified by the
purchaser, the marking, at the producer’s option, is permitted to be done with (a) marking fluid (if a specific maximum
impurity limit of designated elements in the marking fluid
is required by the purchaser, it shall be so stated on the
purchase order), (b) low-stress blunt-nosed continuous or
low-stress blunt-nosed-interrupted-dot die stamp, (c) a
vibratory tool with a minimum tip radius of 0.005 in. [0.1
mm], or (d) electro-chemical etching.
25.1.1.7 The AIAG primary metals identification
tag (AIAG B-5) is permitted to be used as an auxiliary
method of identification in cases where a bar-coded identification tag is desired. Use of this method shall be by
agreement between purchaser and supplier.
25.1.2 Packaging and Loading — Unless otherwise
specified in the applicable material specification or the
purchase order, packaging and loading shall be in accordance with the procedures recommended by Practices
A 700.
25.2 For U.S. Government Procurement:
25.2.1 When specified in the contract or order, and
for direct procurement by or direct shipment to the government, marking for shipment shall be in accordance with
Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-129 for
military agencies.
25.2.2 When specified in the contract or order, material shall be preserved, packaged, and packed in accordance
with the requirements of MIL-STD-163. The applicable
levels shall be as specified in the contract or order.
25.1.1.2 Flat sheet, strip in cut lengths, and plate
shall be marked in two places near the ends or shall be
continuously line marked along one edge. For flat sheet,
strip in cut lengths, and plate whose length and width
dimensions are both less than 48 in., it is permitted to mark
such pieces in only one place.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A3. PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN
DIMENSIONS, ETC. — SI UNITS
A3.1 Listed in Annex A3 are tables showing the permitted variations in dimensions expressed in SI units of measurement. These requirements shall apply to A 480M but
shall not apply to A 480. Requirements for A 480 are given
in Annex A2.
A1. PRODUCT ANALYSIS TOLERANCES AND
HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
A1.1 Listed in Annex A1 are tables showing the permitted variations of composition for product analysis relative
to specified chemical requirements (Table A1.1) and the
heat treatment requirements for types of stainless steel
covered by product specifications that reference Specification A 480/A 480M (Table A1.2).
A3.1.1 The dimensional tolerances are grouped by
production method (hot rolling or cold rolling, with or
without coiling), product width (narrow (< 600 mm) or
wide (≥ 600 mm)), and by product dimension addressed.
A2. PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN
DIMENSIONS, ETC. — INCH-POUND UNITS
A2.1 Listed in Annex A2 are tables showing the permissible variations in dimensions expressed in inch-pount units
of measurement. These requirements, including the SI units
shown in brackets within Annex A2, shall apply to A 480,
but shall not apply to A 480M. Requirements for A 480M
are given in Annex A3.
A3.2 Cold-Rolled Narrow (< 600 mm width) Coil-Processed Product — For thickness, width, length, and flatness
tolerance tables, refer to Tables A3.1–A3.4.
A3.3 Cold-Rolled Wide (≥ 600 mm width) Coil-Processed Product — For thickness, width, length, and flatness
tolerance tables, refer to Tables A3.5–A3.8.
A2.1.1 The dimensional tolerances are grouped by
production method (hot rolling or cold rolling, with or
without coiling), product width (narrow (< 24 in.
[610 mm]) or wide (≥ 24 in. [610 mm]), and by product
dimension addressed.
A3.4 Hot-Rolled Narrow (< 600 mm width) Coil-Processed Product — For thickness, width, length, and flatness
tolerance tables, refer to Tables A3.9–A3.12.
A3.5 Hot-Rolled Wide (≥ 600 mm width) Coil-Processed Product — For thickness, width, length, and flatness
tolerance tables, refer to Tables A3.13–A3.16.
A2.2 Cold-Rolled Narrow (< 24 in. [610 mm] width)
Coil-Processed Product — For thickness, width, length,
and flatness tolerance tables, refer to Tables A2.1–A2.4.
A3.6 Hot-Rolled Product Processed Without Coiling —
For thickness, width, length, and flatness tolerance tables,
refer to Tables A3.17–A3.20.
A2.3 Cold-Rolled Wide (≥ 24 in. [610 mm] width) CoilProcessed Product — For thickness, width, length, and
flatness tolerance tables, refer to Tables A2.5–A2.8.
A3.7 Cold-Rolled Product Processed Without Coiling — For thickness, width, length, and flatness tolerance
tables, refer to Table A3.21.
A2.4 Hot-Rolled Narrow (< 24 in. [610 mm] width)
Coil-Processed Product — For thickness, width, length,
and flatness tolerance tables, refer to Tables A2.9–A2.12.
A3.8 Tolerances for Other Dimensional Characteristics — For other tolerance tables, refer to Tables A2.31–
A3.29.
A2.5 Hot-Rolled Wide (≥ 24 in. [610 mm] width) CoilProcessed Product — For thickness, width, length, and
flatness tolerance tables, refer to Tables A2.13–A2.16.
A2.6 Hot-Rolled Product Processed Without Coiling —
For thickness, width, length, and flatness tolerance tables,
refer to Tables A2.17–A2.20.
A4. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
INTRODUCTION OF NEW MATERIALS
A4.1 New materials may be proposed for inclusion in
specifications referencing this specification subject to the
following conditions:
A2.7 Cold-Rolled Product Processed Without Coiling — For thickness, width, length, and flatness tolerance
tables, refer to Table A2.21.
A4.1.1 Application for the addition of a new grade
to a specification shall be made to the Chairman of the
subcommittee which has jurisdiction over that specification.
A2.8 Tolerances for Other Dimensional Characteristics — For other tolerance tables, refer to Tables A2.22–
A2.30.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
A4.1.2 The application shall be accompanied by a
statement from at least one user indicating that there is a
need for the new grade to be included in the applicable
specification.
SA-480 /SA-480M
from a minimum of three test lots, as defined by the specification, each from a different heat, shall be furnished.
A4.1.4 The application shall provide recommendations for all requirements appearing in the applicable specification.
A4.1.5 The application shall state whether the new
grade is covered by patent.
A4.1.3 The application shall be accompanied by test
data as required by the applicable specification. Test data
TABLE A1.1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS (PRODUCT ANALYSIS TOLERANCES)A
Elements
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Limit or Maximum of
Specified Range, %
Tolerance Over the
Maximum Limit or
Under the
Minimum Limit
to 0.010, incl
over 0.010 to 0.030, incl
over 0.030 to 0.20, incl
over 0.20 to 0.60, incl
over 0.60 to 1.20, incl
0.002
0.005
0.01
0.02
0.03
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl
over 6.00 to 10.00, incl
over 10.00 to 15.00, incl
over 15.00 to 20.00, incl
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.10
0.15
to 0.040, incl
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl
0.005
0.010
Elements
Limit or Maximum of
Specified Range, %
Tolerance Over the
Maximum Limit or
Under the
Minimum Limit
Titanium
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
0.05
0.07
Cobalt
over 0.05 to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to 2.00, incl
over 2.00 to 5.00, incl
0.01B
0.02
0.05
Columbium plus
tantalum
to 1.50, incl
0.05
Tantalum
to 0.10, incl
0.02
Copper
to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to
over 1.00 to
over 3.00 to
over 5.00 to
1.00, incl
3.00, incl
5.00, incl
10.00, incl
0.03
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Sulfur
to 0.040, incl
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl
over 0.20 to 0.50, incl
0.005
0.010
0.020
Silicon
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl
0.05
0.10
0.15
Aluminum
to 0.15, incl
over 0.15 to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to 2.00, incl
−0.005, +0.01
0.05
0.10
Chromium
over
over
over
over
4.00 to 10.00, incl
10.00 to 15.00, incl
15.00 to 20.00, incl
20.00 to 30.00, incl
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
Nitrogen
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 5.00, incl
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl
over 10.00 to 20.00, incl
over 20.00 to 30.00, incl
0.03
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.20
to 0.02, incl
over 0.02 to
over 0.19 to
over 0.25 to
over 0.35 to
over 0.45 to
0.005
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
over 0.20 to 0.60, incl
over 0.60 to 2.00, incl
over 2.00 to 8.00, incl
0.03
0.05
0.10
Nickel
Molybdenum
A
B
0.19,
0.25,
0.35,
0.45,
0.55,
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
Tungsten
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 2.00, incl
0.03
0.05
Vanadium
to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to 1.50, incl
0.03
0.05
Selenium
all
0.03
This table does not apply to heat analysis.
Product analysis limits for cobalt under 0.05% have not been established, and the manufacturer should be consulted for those limits.
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A1.2
HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
TemperatureA
Designation/Type
Cooling/
Testing
Requirements
Austenitic (Chromium-Nickel) (Chromium-Nickel-Manganese)
All Cr-Ni steels except as listed below
302, S30215, S30452, S30615, 308, 309,
309Cb, 310, 310Cb, S32615, S33228,
S38100
304H, 309H, 310H, 316H
309HCb, 310HCb, 321H, 347H, 348H
Cold Worked
Hot Finished
S31060
N08811
N08020
N08367
N08810
N08904
N08926
S31277
S20161
S30600, S30601
S31254, S31266, S32050, S32654
S33228
S34565
S35315
1900°F [1040°C]
1900°F [1040°C]
B
1900°F [1040°C]
C
2000°F [1095°C]
1925°F [1050°C]
1975° to 2160°F [1080° to 1180°C]
2100°F [1150°C]
1700° to 1850°F [925° to 1010°C]
2025°F [1105°C]
2050°F [1120°C]
2000°F [1095°C]
2010°F [1100°C]
2050°F [1120°C] minimum
1900° to 2000°F [1040° to 1095°C]
2010° to 2140°F [1100° to 1170°C]
2100°F [1150°C]
2050° to 2160°F [1120° to 1180°C]
2050° to 2140°F [1120° to 1170°C]
2010°F [1100°C]
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Duplex (Austenitic-Ferritic)
S31200, S31803, S32001, S32550
S31260
S32003
S32101
S32205
S32304
S32520
S32750
S32760
S32900
S32906
S32950
1900°F [1040°C]
1870° to 2010°F [1020° to 1100°C]
1850°F [1010°C]
1870°F [1020°C]
1900°F [1040°C]
1800°F [980°C]
1975° to 2050°F [1080° to 1120°C]
1880° to 2060°F [1025° to 1125°C]
2010°F [1100°C]
1750° ± 25°F [955° ± 15°C]
1900° to 1980°F [1040° to 1080°C]
1850° ± 25°F [1010° ± 15°C]
C
C
C
C
D
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
A
Minimum, unless otherwise indicated.
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of
carbides, as demonstrable by the capability of passing the test for resistance to intergranular corrosion
specified in 18.2.
C
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means.
D
Quenched in water, except that coiled product heat treated in a continuous annealing line shall be water
quenched or rapidly cooled by other means.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A2.1
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS FOR COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT AS COILS AND CUT LENGTHS
Thickness Tolerances, for the Thickness and Widths Given, Over and Under, in. [mm]
Width [w], in. [mm]
3
⁄16 [4.76] to 6
[152], incl
w ≤ 6 [152]
Over 6 [152] to 12
[305], incl
6 [152] < w ≤ 12 [305]
Over 12 [305] to
24 [610], excl
12 [305] < w < 24 [610]
Thickness TolerancesA
Specified Thickness, in. [mm]
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
0.002 [0.05] to 0.005 [0.13], incl
0.005 [0.13] to 0.010 [0.25], incl
0.005 [0.13] to 0.010 [0.25], incl
Over 0.010 [0.25] to 0.011 [0.28], incl
Over 0.010 [0.25] to 0.012 [0.30], incl
Over 0.011 [0.28] to 0.013 [0.33], incl
Over 0.013 [0.33] to 0.017 [0.43], incl
Over 0.012 [0.30] to 0.015 [0.40], incl
Over 0.015 [0.40] to 0.020 [0.50], incl
Over 0.017 [0.43] to 0.020 [0.51], incl
Over 0.020 [0.51] to 0.029 [0.74], incl
Over 0.020 [0.50] to 0.029 [0.74], incl
Over 0.029 [0.74] to 0.035 [0.89], incl
Over 0.029 [0.74] to 0.035 [0.89], incl
Over 0.035 [0.89] to 0.050 [1.27], incl
Over 0.035 [0.89] to 0.050 [1.27], incl
Over 0.050 [1.27] to 0.069 [1.75], incl
Over 0.050 [1.27] to 0.069 [1.75], incl
Over 0.069 [1.75] to 0.100 [2.54], incl
Over 0.069 [1.75] to 0.100 [2.54], incl
Over 0.100 [2.54] to 0.125 [2.98], incl
Over 0.100 [2.54] to 0.125 [2.98], incl
Over 0.125 [2.98] to 0.161 [4.09], incl
Over 0.125 [2.98] to 0.161 [4.09], incl
Over 0.161 [4.09] to under 3⁄16 [4.76]
Over 0.161 [4.09] to under 3⁄16 [4.76]
10%
10%
0.0006 [0.015]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.001 [0.025]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.001 [0.025]
0.001 [0.025]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.002 [0.05]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.003 [0.08]
0.003 [0.070]
0.003 [0.08]
0.003 [0.070]
0.004 [0.10]
0.004 [0.10]
0.0045 [0.11]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
10%
10%
0.0008 [0.020]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.001 [0.025]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.003 [0.08]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0035 [0.09]
0.003 [0.07]
0.0035 [0.09]
0.003 [0.07]
0.004 [0.10]
0.003 [0.07]
0.0045 [0.11]
0.004 [0.10]
0.0045 [0.11]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
10%
10%
0.001 [0.025]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.001 [0.025]
0.002 [0.05]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.002 [0.05]
0.003 [0.08]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0035 [0.09]
0.003 [0.07]
0.0035 [0.09]
0.003 [0.07]
0.005 [0.13]
0.004 [0.10]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
0.005 [0.13]
0.006 [0.15]
0.006 [0.15]
NOTE 1 — Thickness measurements are taken at least 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] in from the edge of the product, except on widths less than 1 in.
[25.4 mm] the measurements should be taken at least 1⁄8 in. [3.18 mm] from the product edge.
NOTE 2 — The tolerances in this table include crown tolerances.
A
Thickness tolerances given in in. (mm) unless otherwise indicated.
TABLE A2.2
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH FOR COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS COILS AND
CUT LENGTHS FOR EDGE NO. 3A
Specified ThicknessB, in.
(mm)
0.010
0.020
0.040
0.060
0.100
0.120
0.160
0.200
A
B
[0.25]
[0.50]
[1.00]
[1.50]
[2.50]
[3.00]
[4.00]
[4.99]
Width Tolerance, Over and Under, for Thickness and Width Given, in. (mm)
w ≤ 1.60 [40]
0.003 [0.85]
0.005 [0.125]
0.005 [0.125]
0.005 [0.125]
...
...
...
...
1.60 [40] < w ≤ 6 [150]
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.010
0.010
0.016
0.030
[0.10]
[0.125]
[0.125]
[0.15]
[0.25]
[0.25]
[0.40]
[0.80]
6 [150] < w ≤ 12 [305]
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.030
[0.125]
[0.25]
[0.25]
[0.25]
[0.40]
[0.40]
[0.40]
[0.80]
For tolerances applicable to narrow product with Edge No. 1 or No. 5, see Table A2.22.
For specified thickness other than those shown, the tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
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12 [300] < w ≤ 24 [610]
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.024
0.024
0.030
[0.50]
[0.50]
[0.50]
[0.50]
[0.50]
[0.60]
[0.60]
[0.80]
SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A2.4
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF
COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
TABLE A2.3
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH FOR
COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
Specified Length, ft [mm]
Tolerances for variations of flatness of cold-rolled products, narrow, coil-processed product as cut lengths shall be identical to
the tolerances for cold-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as
listed in Table A2.8 unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and
purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
Tolerances, in. [mm]
+ 1⁄8 [3], −0
+ 0.2 [5], −0
+ 0.3 [8], −0
6 [1830]
> 6 [1830] to 12 [3660]
> 12 [3069] to 20 [6096]
TABLE A2.5
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS COIL AND
CUT LENGTHS
Permitted Variations Over and Under in. [mm], for Specified Width (w), w in in.
Specified Thickness,
A,B
in. (mm)
0.012 [0.30]
0.016 [0.40]
0.020 [0.50]
0.024 [0.60]
0.032 [0.80]
0.040 [1.00]
0.047 [1.20]
0.059 [1.50]
0.079 [2.00]
0.098 [2.50]
0.118 [3.00]
0.157 [4.00]
0.197 [5.00]
0.236 [6.00]
0.3125 [8.00]
A
B
w ≤ 40 [1000]
40 [1000] < w ≤ 50 [1300]
50 [1300] < w ≤ 84 [2100]
0.001 [0.030]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.002 [0.05]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.003 [0.08]
0.003 [0.08]
0.004 [0.10]
0.004 [0.10]
0.005 [0.13]
0.007 [0.17]
0.007 [0.17]
0.007 [0.17]
0.007 [0.17]
...
0.0015 [0.04]
0.0015 [0.04]
0.002 [0.05]
0.002 [0.05]
0.0025 [0.06]
0.003 [0.08]
0.003 [0.08]
0.004 [0.10]
0.004 [0.10]
0.005 [0.13]
0.007 [0.17]
0.007 [0.17]
0.008 [0.20]
0.009 [0.23]
...
...
...
...
...
0.003 [0.08]
0.003 [0.08]
0.004 [0.10]
0.0045 [0.11]
0.005 [0.13]
0.006 [0.15]
0.007 [0.17]
0.0075 [0.19]
0.009 [0.23]
0.010 [0.25]
Thickness measurements are taken at least 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] from the edge of the sheet.
For specified thickness other than those shown, the tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
TABLE A2.6
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN WIDTH FOR COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
(NOT RESQUARED) AND COIL
Permitted Variation in Width (w), in. [mm], for Specified Width (w), in. [mm]
Specified Thickness,
in. [mm]A
0.040 [1.00]
0.059 [1.50]
0.098 [2.50]
0.138 [3.50]
0.3125 [8.00]
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A
w ≤ 6 [150]
+0.02 [0.5],
+0.03 [0.7],
+0.04 [1.0],
+0.05 [1.2],
+0.08 [2.0],
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
6 [125] < w ≤ 12 [300]
+0.02 [0.5],
+0.03 [0.7],
+0.04 [1.0],
+0.05 [1.2],
+0.08 [2.0],
12 [300] < w ≤ 24 [600]
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
+0.03 [0.7],
+0.04 [1.0],
+0.05 [1.2],
+0.06 [1.5],
+0.08 [2.0],
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
24 [600] < w <
48 [1200]
48 [1000] ≥ w
+1⁄16 [1.6], −0
+1⁄16 [1.6], −0
+1⁄16 [1.6], −0
+1⁄16 [1.6], −0
+0.16 [4.0], −0
+1⁄8 [3.2], −0
+1⁄8 [3.2], −0
+1⁄8 [3.2], −0
+1⁄8 [3.2], −0
+0.16 [4.0], −0
For specified thicknesses and other than those shown, the tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
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856
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A2.7
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH FOR COLDROLLED, WIDE , COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT
LENGTHS NOT RESQUARED
Tolerances, in. [mm]
Specified Length (L), ft [mm]
Over
Under
⁄16 [4.8]
0.03 ⴛ L [0.0025 ⴛ L]
0
0
3
Up to 6 [1830], incl
Over 6 [1830]
TABLE A2.8
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
Not Specified to Stretcher-Leveled Standard of FlatnessA
Specified Thickness,
in. [mm]
Flatness
Tolerance,B
in. [mm]
Width, in. [mm]
≤60 [1524]
>60 [1524]
≤60 [1524]
≥60 [1524]
<0.062 [1.57]
≥0.062 [1.57]
0.40
0.50
0.40
0.50
[10]
[12]
[10]
[12]
Stretcher-Leveled Standard of FlatnessC
Specified
Thickness,
in. [mm]
< 3⁄16 [4.76]
< 3⁄16 [4.76]
Flatness
Tolerance,B
in. [mm]
Width, in.
[mm]
Length, in.
[mm]
< 48
[1219]
< 48
[1219]
≥ 48 [1219]
< 96
[2438]
≥ 96 [2438]
1
< 96
[2438]
≤ 96 [2438]
1
≥ 48 [1219]
⁄8 [3.2]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
⁄4 [6.4]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
2xx and 3xx Series Specified to 1⁄4 and 1⁄2 Hard Tempers
Specified Thickness,
in. [mm]
Flatness Tolerance,B in. [mm]
Width, in. [mm]
<0.016 [0.41]
0.016 [0.41] to
0.030 [0.76]
> 0.030 [0.76]
24 [610] to <36 [914]
≤0.016 [0.41]
>0.016 [0.41]
to
0.030 [0.76]
>0.030 [0.76]
36 [914] to < 48 [1219]
1
1
⁄4 Hard
⁄2 Hard
1
3
5
7
3
7
⁄2 [12.70]
⁄8 [15.88]
⁄4 [19.05]
⁄8 [22.22]
⁄4 [19.05]
5
⁄8 [15.88]
⁄4 [19.05]
3
⁄8 [22.22]
1 [25.40]
1
1
⁄8 [28.58]
1 [25.40]
1
⁄8 [28.58]
1
A
Not specified to stretcher-leveled standard of flatness, and not including hard tempers of 2xx and 3xx Series,
dead-soft sheets, and deep-drawing sheets.
B
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
C
Not including hard tempers of 2xx and 3xx Series, dead-soft sheets, and deep-drawing sheets.
857
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A2.11
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF
HOT-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
TABLE A2.9
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF
HOT-ROLLED, NARROW, FLAT-ROLLED,
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT
LENGTHS AND COIL
Tolerances for variations of length of hot-rolled, narrow, coilprocessed product as cut lengths shall be identical to the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as listed in
A2.15 unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser
and specified in the purchase order.
Tolerances for variations of thickness of hot-rolled, narrow,
coil-processed product as cut lengths and coil shall be identical
to the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as
listed in A2.13, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
TABLE A2.10
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH OF HOT-ROLLED,
NARROW, FLAT-ROLLED, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT
LENGTHS AND COIL
TABLE A2.12
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF
HOT-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
Tolerances for variations of width of hot-rolled, narrow, coilprocessed product as cut lengths and coil shall be identical to
the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as
listed in A2.14 unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
Tolerances for variations of flatness of hot-rolled, narrow, coilprocessed product as cut lengths shall be identical to the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as listed in
A2.16 unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser
and specified in the purchase order.
TABLE A2.13
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF HOT-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT AS COIL AND CUT LENGTHS
Permitted Variations, in. [mm], Over and Under
for Specified Width (w) in. [mm]
Specified Thickness,A in. [mm]
w ≤ 60 [1525]
0.072 [1.83]
>0.072 [1.83] to 0.083 [2.11]
>0.083 [2.11] to 0.098 [2.49]
>0.098 [2.49] to 0.114 [2.90]
>0.114 [2.90] to 0.130 [3.30]
>0.130 [3.30] to 0.145 [3.68]
>0.145 [3.68] to 0.1875 [4.76]
>0.1875 [4.76] to 0.250 [6.35]
>0.250 [6.35] to 0.3125 [7.94]
>0.3125 [7.94]
A
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.015
0.016
0.020
[0.15]
[0.18]
[0.20]
[0.23]
[0.27]
[0.30]
[0.34]
[0.38]
[0.40]
[0.50]
w > 60 [1525]
0.009 [0.22]
0.0l0 [0.25]
0.0l1 [0.27]
0.0l2 [0.30]
0.0l3 [0.33]
0.0l3 [0.33]
0.0l4 [0.35]
0.0l5 [0.38]
0.0l6 [0.40]
0.020 [0.60]
Thickness measurements are taken at least 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] from the edge of the sheet.
858
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A2.14
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH OF HOT-ROLLED,
WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
(NOT RESQUARED) AND COIL
Specified
Thickness, t,
in. [mm]
Width (w), in.
[mm]
Tolerances on Width,
in. [mm], for
Trimmed Edges
w < 48 [1219]
w ≥ 48 [1219]
+1⁄16, −0
+1⁄8, −0
⁄16 [4.76] ≤ t < 3⁄8 [9.5] w < 48 [1219]
w ≥ 48 [1219]
+5⁄32, −0
+7⁄32, −0
t < 3⁄16 [4.76]
3
t ≥ 3⁄8 [9.5]
w < 48 [1219]
w ≥ 48 [1219]
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A2.15
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF
HOT-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS
CUT LENGTHS NOT RESQUARED
Length (L), ft [mm]
Tolerances, in. [mm], Over and Under
L ≤ 10 [3048]
10 [3048] < L ≤ 20 [6096]
+1⁄4 [6.35], −0
+1⁄2 [12.70], −0
+1⁄4, −0
+13⁄32, −0
TABLE A2.16
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF HOT-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
Not Specified to Stretcher-Leveled Standard of Flatness
Specified Thickness (t), in. [mm]
Width (w), in. [mm]
Flatness Tolerance,A in. [mm]
t < 3⁄16 [4.76]
w ≤ 36 [914]
36 [914] < w ≤ 60 [1524]
w > 60 [1524]
0.50 [12.7]
0.75 [19.1]
1.00 [25.4]
t ≥ 3⁄16 [4.76]
w ≤ 60 [1524]
60 [1524] < w ≤ 72 [1829]
w > 72 [1829]
0.90 [23]
1.20 [30]
1.50 [38]
Stretcher-Leveled Standard of Flatness
Flatness Tolerance,A
in. [mm]
Specified Thickness,
(t) in. [mm]
Specified Width
(w) in. [mm]
Specified Length
(L) in. [mm]
t < 3⁄16 [4.76]
w < 48 [1219]
w ≤ 48 [1219]
L ≤ 96 [2438]
L > 96
[2438]
1
w > 48 [1219]
w > 48 [1219]
L ≤ 96 [2438]
L > 96
[2438]
1
t < 3⁄16 [4.76]
A
⁄8 [3.18]
⁄4 [6.35]
1
⁄4 [6.35]
⁄4 [6.35]
1
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
859
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A2.17
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF HOT-ROLLED MILL PLATE (QUARTO PLATE)A, B
Width, (w) in. [mm]
w ≤ 84 [2134]
120 (3048) < w ≤
144 [3658]
w > 144 [3658]
Tolerance Over Specified Thickness,C in. [mm]
Specified Thickness (t), in. [mm]
t < 3⁄16 [4.76]
3
⁄16 [4.76] ≤ t < 3⁄8 [9.52]
3
⁄8 [9.52] ≤ t < 3⁄4 [19.05]
3
⁄4 ([19.05] ≤ t < 1 [25.40]
1 [25.40] ≤ t < 2 [50.80]
2 [50.80] ≤ t < 3 [76.20]
3 [76.20] ≤ t < 4 [101.6]
4 [101.6] ≤ t < 6 [152.4]
6 [152.4] ≤ t < 8 [203.2]
8 [203.2] ≤ t < 10 [254.0]
84 [2134] < w ≤
120 [3048]
0.055
0.045
0.055
0.060
0.070
0.125
0.150
0.180
0.235
0.315
[1.35]
[1.14]
[1.40]
[1.52]
[1.78]
[3.20]
[3.81]
[4.57]
[6.00]
[8.00]
0.070
0.050
0.060
0.065
0.075
0.150
0.160
0.200
0.255
0.335
[1.78]
[1.27]
[1.52]
[1.65]
[1.90]
[3.80]
[4.06]
[5.08]
[6.48]
[8.50]
...
0.085 [2.16]
0.085 [2.16]
0.085 [2.16]
0.095 [2.41]
0.175 [4.45]
0.200 [5.08]
0.335 [8.50]
0.355 [9.02]
0.435 [11.0]
...
...
0.090 [2.29]
0.100 [2.54]
0.115 [2.92]
0.200 [5.08]
0.225 [5.72]
0.355 [9.02]
0.435 [11.0]
0.550 [14.0]
A
Thickness is measured along the longitudinal edges of the plate at least 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm], but not more than 3 in. [76.20 mm], from the
edge.
B
For plates up to 10 in. [254.0 mm], excl, in thickness, the tolerance under the specified thickness is 0.010 in. [0.25 mm].
C
For circles, the over thickness tolerances in this table apply to the diameter of the circle corresponding to the width ranges shown. For
plates of irregular shape, the over thickness tolerances apply to the greatest width corresponding to the width ranges shown.
TABLE A2.18
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH FOR HOT-ROLLED
RECTANGULAR SHEARED PLATE MILL PLATES
(QUARTO PLATES)
Specified Width, (w),
in. [mm]
Specified Thickness (t),
in. [mm]
Tolerances, Over Specified
Width, in. [mm]A
w ≤ 84 [2135]
84 [2135] < w ≤ 108 [2745]
w > 108 [2745]
A
TABLE A2.20
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF PLATE
MILL PLATE (QUARTO PLATE)
t < 1⁄4 [6.35]
1
⁄4 [6.35] ≤ t < 3⁄8 [9.52]
3
⁄8 [9.52] ≤ t < 1⁄2 [12.70]
1
⁄2 [12.70] ≤ t < 3⁄4 [19.05]
3
⁄4 [19.05] ≤ t < 1 [25.40]
1 [25.40] ≤ t < 11⁄2 [38.10]
11⁄2 [38.10] ≤ t < 4 [101.60]
t ≥ 4 [101.60]
5
⁄8 [15.9]
3
⁄4 [19.1]
1 [25.4]
The tolerance under specified width is 1⁄4 in. [6.35 mm].
L < 160 [4064]
160 [4064] ≤ L < 240 [6096]
240 [6000] ≤ L < 315 [8000]
315 [8000] ≤ L < 394 [10 008]
394 [10 008] ≤ L < 590 [15 000]
590 [15 000] ≤ L < 790 [20 066]
A
Tolerances, Over and
Under, in. [mm]A
3
⁄4
11⁄4
15⁄8
2
21⁄4
21⁄4
[19.1]
[31.8]
[41.3]
[50.8]
[57.2]
[57.2]
The tolerance under specified length is 1⁄4 in. [6.35 mm].
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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7
⁄16 [11]
3
⁄8 [9.5]
5
⁄16 [7.9]
5
⁄16 [7.9]
5
⁄16 [7.9]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
NOTE 1 — Tolerances in this table apply to any length, not necessarily the rolling direction, up to 36 in. [914 mm] and to any 36 in.
[914 mm] of longer lengths in the plate of the plate measured while
the plate rests on a flat surface with the concavity of the curvature
upward.
NOTE 2 — If the longer dimension is under 36 in. [914 mm], the
tolerance is not greater than 1⁄4 in. [6.4 mm].
NOTE 3 — For plates with specified minimum yield strengths of
35 ksi [240 MPa] or more, the permitted variations are increased to
11⁄2 times the amounts shown.
TABLE A2.19
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH FOR
HOT-ROLLED SHEARED RECTANGULAR PLATE MILL
PLATES (QUARTO PLATES)
Nominal Length (L), in. [mm]
Flatness Tolerance for
Thicknesses Given, in. [mm]
860
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A2.21
COLD-ROLLED PRODUCTS, PROCESSED WITHOUT
COILING
Tolerances for cold-rolled products processed without coiling
shall be identical to the tolerances for hot-rolled products processed without coiling as listed in A2.17, A2.18, A2.19, and
A2.20 unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser
and specified in the purchase order.
TABLE A2.22
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH FOR COLD-ROLLED NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT IN COILS AND
CUT LENGTHS FOR EDGE NO. 1 OR 5
Width Tolerance for Thickness and
Width Given, in. [mm]
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Specified
Edge
No.
Width, in. [mm]
1 and 5
1 and 5
1 and 5
5
5
5
9
⁄32 [7.14] and under
over 9⁄32 [7.14] to 3⁄4 [19.05], incl
over 3⁄4 [19.05] to 5 [127.00], incl
over 5 [127.00] to 9 [228.60], incl
over 9 [228.60] to 20 [508.00], incl
over 20 [508.00] to 24 [610], excl
Thickness, in. [mm]
1
⁄16 [1.59] and under
⁄32 [2.38] and under
1
⁄8 [3.18] and under
0.008 [0.20] to 1⁄8 [3.18], incl
0.015 [0.38] to 0.105 [2.67]
0.023 [0.58] to 0.080 [2.03]
3
Over
in.
mm
Under
1
⁄16
1
⁄8
1
⁄16
1
⁄8
1.59
3.18
1.59
3.18
0
0
0
0
1
6.35
0
⁄4
Up to 1 [25.40], incl
1 [25.40] to 2 [50.80], incl
2 [50.80] to 3 [76.20], incl
3 [76.20] to 4 [101.6], inclB
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.015
[0.13]
[0.13]
[0.13]
[0.25]
[0.25]
[0.38]
Width
Length
1
1
3
3
⁄8 [3.18]
⁄16 [4.76]
1
⁄4 [6.35]
5
⁄16 [7.94]
⁄8 [3.18]
⁄16 [4.76]
1
⁄4 [6.35]
5
⁄16 [7.94]
A
The tolerances under specified width and length are 1⁄8 in.
[3.18 mm].
B
Width and length tolerances for abrasive cut plates over 4 in.
[101.6 mm] thick are not included in the table; consult producer.
861
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[0.13]
[0.13]
[0.13]
[0.25]
[0.25]
[0.38]
Tolerance over Specified
Width and LengthA
Specified Thickness, in.
[mm)]
Tolerances
For thicknesses under 0.131 [3.33]:
Widths up to 48 [1219], excl
Widths 48 [1219] and over
Lengths up to 120 [3048], excl
Lengths 120 [3048] and over
For thicknesses 0.131 [3.33] up to
3
⁄16, excl:
All widths and lengths
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.015
Under
TABLE A2.24
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH AND LENGTH
FOR HOT-ROLLED PRODUCT BY ABRASIVE CUTTING
TABLE A2.23
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH AND LENGTH
FOR HOT-ROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED RESQUARED
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT (STRETCHER LEVELED
STANDARD OF FLATNESS)
Specified Dimensions, in. (mm)
Over
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A2.25
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN DIAMETER FOR HOT-ROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS SHEARED CIRCLES
Tolerance Over Specified Diameter (No Tolerance Under), in.
[mm]
Diameters Under
30 in. [762]
Specified Thickness, in. [mm]
Up to 0.0567 [1.45], incl
0.0568 [1.45] to 0.0971 [2.46], incl
0.0972 [2.46] up to 3⁄16 [4.76], excl
Diameters 30 [762] to
48 in. [1219]
Diameters Over 48
in. [1219]
1
1
3
3
5
7
⁄16 [1.59]
⁄32 [2.38]
1
⁄8 [3.18]
⁄8 [3.18]
⁄32 [3.97]
3
⁄16 [4.76]
⁄16 [4.76]
⁄32 [5.56]
1
⁄4 [6.35]
TABLE A2.26
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN DIAMETER FOR
CIRCULAR PLATES TAKEN FROM HOT-ROLLED
PRODUCT PROCESSED WITH OR WITHOUT COILING
Tolerance Over Specified Diameter for
Given Diameter and Thickness,A in. [mm]
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Specified Diameter,
in. [mm]
To 60 [1524], excl
60 [1524] to 84
[2134], excl
84 [2134] to 108
[2743], excl
108 [2743] to 180
[4572], excl
To 3⁄8
[9.52] in.,
excl, in
Thickness
3
⁄8 [9.52] to
5
⁄8 [15.88]
in., excl, in
Thickness
5
⁄8 [15.88]
in. and
Over in
ThicknessB
1
3
1
5
7
9
3
1
5
7
9
11
⁄4 [6.35]
⁄16 [7.94]
⁄8 [9.52]
⁄16 [11.11]
⁄8 [9.52]
⁄16 [11.11]
⁄2 [12.70]
⁄16 [14.29]
TABLE A2.28
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WEIGHT FOR
HOT-ROLLED OR COLD-ROLLED COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT WITH THICKNESS
LESS THAN 3⁄16 in. [4.76 mm]
⁄2 [12.70]
⁄16 [14.29]
⁄8 [15.88]
⁄16 [17.46]
A
No tolerance under.
Circular and sketch plates over 5⁄8 in. [15.88 mm] in thickness
are not commonly sheared but are machined or flame cut.
Any item of five sheets or less, or
any item estimated to weigh
200 lb [90.72 kg] or less, may
actually weigh as much as
10% over the theoretical
weight
weigh 200 lb [90.72 kg]
or less
Any item of more than five
sheets and estimated to weigh
more than 200 lb [90.72 kg],
may actually weigh as much as
71⁄2% over the theoretical
weight
weigh more than 200 lb
[90.72 kg]
Chromium-manganese-nickel
40.7 lb/ft2 · in. thickness
[7.82 kg/m2 · mm
thick]
42.0 lb/ft2 · in. thickness
[8.07 kg/m2 · mm
thick]
41.2 lb/ft2 · in. thickness
[7.92 kg/m2 · mm
thick]
B
TABLE A2.27
TORCH CUTTING TOLERANCESA AND RECOMMENDED
CLEANUP ALLOWANCE
FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES,
CIRCLES, RINGS, AND SKETCHES
Tolerance, in.
Specified
Thickness, in.
Outside
Dimension
Inside
Dimension
Cleanup
AllowanceB
per Edge,
in.
2 and under
Over 2 to 3, incl
Over 3 to 6, incl
+3⁄8, −0
+1⁄2, −0
+3⁄4, −0
−3⁄8, +0
−1⁄2, +0
−3⁄4, +0
±1⁄4
±3⁄8
±1⁄2
Chromium-nickel
Chromium
A
Tolerances to apply unless otherwise agreed. Note that for some
applications user may wish to specify minus rather than plus tolerance or vice versa.
B
Recommended cleanup allowance which, unless otherwise specified, will be applied by supplier to purchasers ordered size.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A2.29
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN CAMBER FOR
COLD-ROLLED COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT IN COILS
AND CUT LENGTHSA
Specified Width, in. [mm]
1
To 1 ⁄2 [38.10], incl
Over 11⁄2 [38.10] to 24 [609.60], excl
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A3.1
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF
COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS COIL AND CUT LENGTHS
Tolerance per Unit
Length of Any 8 ft
[2438 mm], in.
[mm]
Thickness Tolerances, for the Thickness and
Widths Given, Over and Under, mm
Width, (w), mm
1
⁄2 [12.70]
⁄4 [6.35]
Specified
Thickness, mm
1
A
Camber is the deviation of a side edge from a straight line and
measurement is taken by placing an 8 ft [2438 mm] straightedge on
the concave side and measuring the greatest distance between the
strip edge and the straightedge.
50 to 150, incl
w ≤ 125
Over 150 to
300, incl
125 < w ≤ 250
Over 300 to
600, excl
250 < w < 600
Thickness TolerancesA
0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
4.99
TABLE A2.30
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN CAMBER FOR SHEARED
MILL AND UNIVERSAL MILL PLATESA
Maximum camber p 1⁄8 in. in any 5 ft
p 3.18 mm in any 1.524 m
10%
0.015
0.04 0.015
0.05 0.025
0.06 0.05
0.06 0.06
0.08 0.06
0.08 0.07
0.08 0.07
0.08 0.07
0.10 0.07
0.11 0.10
0.13 0.12
0.13 0.12
10%
0.020
0.04 0.020
0.06 0.04
0.09 0.05
0.09 0.07
0.09 0.07
0.09 0.07
0.10 0.07
0.10 0.07
0.11 0.07
0.11 0.10
0.13 0.12
0.13 0.12
10%
0.025
0.05 0.025
0.06 0.04
0.09 0.05
0.09 0.07
0.09 0.07
0.09 0.07
0.13 0.07
0.13 0.10
0.13 0.10
0.13 0.12
0.15 0.12
0.15 0.15
A
Camber is the deviation of a side edge from a straight line, and
measurement is taken by placing a 5 ft straightedge on the concave
side and measuring the greatest distance between the plate and the
straightedge.
NOTE 1 — Thickness measurements are taken at least 10 mm in
from the edge of the product, except that on widths less than 26
mm, the tolerances are applicable for measurements at all locations.
NOTE 2 — The tolerances in this table include crown tolerances.
NOTE 3 — For specified thicknesses other than those shown, the
tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
A
Thickness tolerances given in mm unless otherwise indicated.
TABLE A3.2
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH OF COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT IN COILS AND CUT LENGTHS FOR EDGE NO. 3A
Width Tolerance, Over and Under, for Thickness and Width Given, mm
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Specified
Thickness,B mm
w ≤ 40
40 < w ≤ 125
125 < w ≤ 250
250 < w ≤ 600
0.25
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.50
3.00
4.00
4.99
0.085
0.10
0.125
0.125
...
...
...
...
0.10
0.125
0.125
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.125
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.80
A
For tolerances applicable to narrow product with Edge No. 1 or No. 5, see Table A2.31.
For specified thickness other than those shown, the tolerances for the next higher thickness shall
apply.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A3.4
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF
COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
TABLE A3.3
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF
COLD-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCTS
AS CUT LENGTHS
Specified Length, mm
Tolerances for variations of flatness of cold-rolled products, narrow, coil-processed product as cut lengths shall be identical to
the tolerances for cold-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as
listed in Table A3.8, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and
purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
Tolerances, mm
1500
>1500, ≤ 4000
>4000, ≤ 6000
+3, −0
+5, −0
+8, −0
TABLE A3.5
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COILPROCESSED PRODUCT AS COIL AND CUT LENGTHS
Permissible Variation, Over and Under, mm, for Specified Width
(w), w in mm
Specified Thickness, mm
w ≤ 1000
100 < w ≤ 1300
1300 < w ≤ 2100
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
0.03
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.05
0.055
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.13
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
...
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.22
...
...
...
...
...
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.23
0.25
NOTE 1 — Thickness measurements are taken at least 15 mm from the edge of the product in the case
of slit edges and at least 25 mm from the edge of the product in the case of mill edges.
NOTE 2 — Cold-rolled sheets in cut lengths and coils are produced in some type numbers and some
widths and thicknesses to tolerances less than those shown in the table.
NOTE 3 — For specified thicknesses other than those shown, the tolerance for the next higher thickness
shall apply.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A3.6
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH FOR COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
(NOT RESQUARED) AND COIL
Specified Thickness,
mmA
1.00
1.50
2.50
3.50
8.00
A
Permitted Variation in Width, mm, for Specified Width (w), mm
w ≤ 125
+0.5,
+0.7,
+1.0,
+1.2,
+2.0,
125 < w ≤ 250
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
+0.5,
+0.7,
+1.0,
+1.2,
+2.0,
250 < w ≤ 600
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
+0.7,
+1.0,
+1.2,
+1.5,
+2.0,
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
600 < w ≤ 1000
+1.5,
+1.5,
+2.0,
+3.0,
+4.0,
1000 < w ≤ 2100
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
+2.0,
+2.0,
+2.5,
+3.0,
+4.0,
+0
+0
+0
+0
+0
For specified thicknesses other than those shown, the tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
TABLE A3.7
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF
COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS
CUT LENGTHS NOT RESQUARED
TABLE A3.8
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF
COLD-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
Not Specified to Stretcher-Leveled Standard of FlatnessA
Tolerance, mm
Specified Length, (L) mm
Over
Under
≤2000
>
2000
5
0.0025 ⴛ L
0
0
Specified
Thickness, mm
<1.50
≥1.50
Specified
Width, mm
Flatness
Tolerance,B mm
<1500
≥1500
<1500
≥1500
10
12
10
12
Stretcher-Leveled Standard of FlatnessC
Specified
Thickness,
mm
Specified
Width,
mm
≤4.99
<1200
≥1200
Flatness
Tolerance,B mm
4
7
7
7
2xx and 3xx Series Specified to 1⁄4 and 1⁄2 Hard Tempers
Specified
Thickness, mm
Specified
Width, mm
≤0.04
>0.04 to
≤0.80
>0.80
600 to 900, excl
≤0.04
>0.04 to
≤0.80
>0.80
900 to 1200, incl
Flatness
Tolerance,B mm
1
⁄4 Hard
19
16
13
26
19
16
A
Not specified to stretcher-leveled standard of flatness, and not
including hard tempers of 2xx and 3xx series, dead-soft sheets, and
deep-drawing sheets.
B
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
C
Not including hard tempers of 2xx and 3xx series, dead-soft sheets,
and deep-drawing sheets.
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A3.12
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF
HOT-ROLLED, NARROW, FLAT-ROLLED,
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
TABLE A3.9
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF
HOT-ROLLED, NARROW, FLAT-ROLLED,
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT
LENGTHS AND COIL
Tolerances for variations of flatness of hot-rolled, narrow, coilprocessed product as cut lengths shall be identical to the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as listed in
Table A3.16, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
Tolerances for variations of thickness of hot-rolled, narrow,
coil-processed product as cut lengths and coil shall be identical
to the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as
listed in A3.13, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
TABLE A3.13
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF
HOT-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS
COIL AND CUT LENGTHS
TABLE A3.10
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH OF HOT-ROLLED,
NARROW, FLAT-ROLLED, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS AND COIL
Tolerances for variations of width of hot-rolled, narrow, coilprocessed product as cut lengths and coil shall be identical to
the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as
listed in Table A3.14, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller
and purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
TABLE A3.11
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF
HOT-ROLLED, NARROW, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
AS CUT LENGTHS
Permitted Variations of Thickness,
mm, Over and Under, for Specified
Width (w)
Specified
Thickness, mm
w ≤ 1500
w > 1500
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
5.0
6.0
8.0
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.25
0.30
0.36
0.38
0.50
0.18
0.27
0.30
0.33
0.33
0.38
0.38
0.50
NOTE 1—Thickness measurements are taken at least 10 mm from
the edge of the product.
NOTE 2—For specified thicknesses other than those shown, the
tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
Tolerances for variations of length of hot-rolled, narrow, coilprocessed product as cut lengths shall be identical to the tolerances for hot-rolled, wide, coil-processed product as listed in
Table A3.15, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser and specified in the purchase order.
TABLE A3.14
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH OF HOT-ROLLED,
WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS
(NOT RESQUARED) AND COIL
Specified Dimension, mm
Thickness (t), mm
Width (w), mm
Over
Under
<5.00
w < 1200
w ≥ 1200
w < 1200
w ≥ 1200
w < 1200
w ≥ 1200
2
4
4
5
6
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.00 < t ≤ 10.00
>10.00
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Tolerance on Width,
mm, for Trimmed
Edges
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-480 /SA-480M
TABLE A3.17
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS OF HOTROLLED MILL PLATE (QUARTO PLATE)A, B
TABLE A3.15
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF HOTROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT
LENGTHS NOT RESQUARED
Width (w), mm
Tolerance, mm
Specified Length (L), mm
Over
L <3000
3000 ≤ L ≤ 6000
w < 2100
Under
7
(0.005 ⴛ L)
Specified
Thickness mm
0
0
5
8
10
20
25
50
75
100
150
200
250
TABLE A3.16
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF
HOT-ROLLED, WIDE, COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS
CUT LENGTHS
Specified Width (w), mm
t<
5
t≥5
Flatness
Tolerance,A
mm
w < 900
13
900 ≤ w < 1500
w ≥ 1500
w < 1500
1500 ≤ w < 1800
w ≥ 1800
19
26
23
30
38
3000 ≤ w <
3600
w ≥ 3600
Tolerance Over Specified Thickness, mm
1.35
1.15
1.15
1.40
1.55
1.80
3.20
3.75
4.50
6.00
8.00
1.75
1.30
1.30
1.55
1.65
1.90
3.80
4.00
5.00
6.50
8.50
...
2.15
2.15
2.15
2.15
2.40
4.45
5.00
8.50
9.00
11.0
...
...
...
2.30
2.55
2.95
5.10
5.70
9.00
11.0
14.0
NOTE 1 — For specified thicknesses other than those shown, the
tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
Not Specified to Stretcher-Leveled Standard of Flatness
Specified Thickness
(t), mm
2100 ≤ w <
3000
A
Thickness is measured along the longitudinal edges of the plate
at least 10 mm, but not more than 75 mm, from the edge.
B
For circles, the over thickness tolerances in this table apply to
the diameter of the circle corresponding to the width ranges shown.
For plates of irregular shape, the over thickness tolerances apply to
the greatest width corresponding to the width ranges shown. For
plates up to 250 mm, incl, in thickness, the tolerance under the specified thickness is 0.30 mm.
Stretcher-Leveled Standard of Flatness
Specified
Thickness (t), mm
Specified
Width
(w), mm
Specified
Length
(L), mm
Flatness
Tolerance,A
mm
t ≤ 13
w < 1200
L<
2400
L ≥ 2400
L<
2400
L ≥ 2400
4
...
w ≥ 1200
...
A
TABLE A3.18
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH FOR HOT-ROLLED
RECTANGULAR SHEARED PLATE MILL PLATES
(QUARTO PLATES)
7
7
7
Specified Width (w), mm
Tolerances, Over and Under, mm
w < 2000
2000 ≤ w < 3000
w ≥ 3000
+15, −0
+20, −0
+25, −0
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
TABLE A3.19
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN LENGTH FOR
HOT-ROLLED SHEARED RECTANGULAR PLATE MILL
PLATES (QUARTO PLATES)
Nominal Length (L), mm
Tolerances, Over and Under, mm
L < 4000
4000 ≤ L < 6000
6000 ≤ L < 8000
8000 ≤ L < 10 000
10 000 ≤ L < 15 000
15 000 ≤ L < 20 000
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+20,
+30,
+40,
+50,
+75,
+100,
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
−0
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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SA-480 /SA-480M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A3.23
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN ABRASIVE CUTTING
WIDTH AND LENGTH FOR PLATES
TABLE A3.20
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN FLATNESS OF PLATE
MILL PLATE (QUARTO PLATE)
Specified Thickness (t), in. [mm]
Tolerance Over Specified
Width and Length,A mm
Flatness Tolerance for Thicknesses
Given, in. [mm]
5
10
15
20
25
50
150
>150
0.40 [10]
3
⁄8 [9.5]
5
⁄16 [7.9]
5
⁄16 [7.9]
5
⁄16 [7.9]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
1
⁄4 [6.4]
Length
Up to 25, incl
25 to 50, incl
50 to 75, incl
75 to 100, inclB
3.2
4.8
6.4
7.9
3.2
4.8
6.4
7.9
The tolerances under specified width and length are 3.2 mm.
Width and length tolerances for abrasive cut plates over 100
mm thick are not included in the table; consult producer.
B
TABLE A3.24
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN DIAMETER FOR
HOT-ROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED COIL-PROCESSED
PRODUCT AS SHEARED CIRCLES
Tolerance Over Specified Diameter
(No Tolerance Under), mm
TABLE A3.21
COLD-ROLLED PRODUCTS, PROCESSED WITHOUT
COILING
Tolerances for cold-rolled products processed without coiling
shall be identical to the tolerances for hot-rolled products processed without coiling as listed in Table A3.17, unless otherwise agreed upon by seller and purchaser and specified in the
purchase order.
Specified Thickness, mm
Diameters
Under 600
Diameters
600 to
1200, incl
Diameters
Over
1200
Under 1.50
1.50 to 2.50, excl
2.50 and thicker
2
3
4
3
4
5
5
6
7
TABLE A3.25
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN DIAMETER FOR
CIRCULAR PLATES TAKEN FROM HOT-ROLLED
PRODUCT PROCESSED WITH OR WITHOUT COILING
Tolerance Over Specified Diameter for Given
Diameter and Thickness,A mm
TABLE A3.22
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WIDTH AND LENGTH
FOR HOT-ROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED RESQUARED
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
(STRETCHER-LEVELED STANDARD OF FLATNESS)
Thickness
Width
A
NOTE 1 — Tolerance in this table apply to any length, not necessarily the rolling direction, up to 36 in. [914 mm] and to any 36 in.
[914 mm] of longer lengths in the plane of the plate measured while
the plate rests on a flat surface with the concavity of the curvature
upward.
NOTE 2 — If the longer dimension is under 36 in. [914 mm], the
tolerance is not greater than 1⁄4 in. [6.4 mm].
NOTE 3 — For plates with specified minimum yield strengths of
35 ksi [240 MPa] or more, the permitted variations are increased to
11⁄2 times the amounts shown.
NOTE 4 — For specified thicknesses other than those shown, the
tolerances for the next higher thickness shall apply.
Width and
Length
Tolerance,
mm
Specified Dimensions, mm
Specified Thickness, mm
Width
Length
Over
Under
Up to 1200
1200 and over
All
Up to 3000
3000 and over
All
2
3
7
0
0
0
To 10, excl
10 to 15, excl
15 and over
1500 and under
2100
2700
4500
7
8
10
11
10
13
11
15
13
16
15
18
NOTE 1 — For specific diameters other than those shown, the tolerance for the next higher diameter shall apply.
A
Under 3.30
3.30 and over
Thickness of Plate
Specified
Diameter, mm
No tolerance under.
NOTE 1 — Polished sheets with Finishes No. 4 and higher are
produced to tolerances given in this table.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A3.26
TORCH CUTTING TOLERANCESA AND RECOMMENDED
CLEANUP ALLOWANCE FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES,
CIRCLES, RINGS, AND SKETCHES
Tolerance, mm
TABLE A3.28
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN CAMBER FOR
COLD-ROLLED, NARROW COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT
IN COILS AND CUT LENGTHSA
Cleanup
AllowanceB
Specified Width,
mm
Tolerance Per Unit Length
Of Any 2400 mm
To 40, incl
Over 40 to 600, incl
13
7
Specified Thickness,
mm
Outside
Diameter
Inside
Diameter
Per Edge,
mm
51 and under
Over 51 to 76, incl
Over 76 to 152, incl
+10, −0
+13, −0
+19, −0
−10, +0
−13, +0
−19, +0
± 6
±10
±13
A
Camber is the deviation of a side edge from a straight line and
measurement is taken by placing a 2400 mm straightedge on the concave side and measuring the greatest distance between the strip edge
and the straightedge.
A
Tolerances to apply unless otherwise agreed. Note that for some
applications user may wish to specify minus rather than plus tolerance or vice versa.
B
Recommended cleanup allowance which, unless otherwise specified, will be applied by supplier to purchaser’s ordered size.
TABLE A3.29
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN CAMBER FOR
HOT-ROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED WIDE
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS CUT LENGTHS NOT
RESQUARED AND COLD-ROLLED WIDE
COIL-PROCESSED PRODUCT AS COILSA
TABLE A3.27
PERMITTED VARIATIONS IN WEIGHT FOR HOTROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED SHEETS
Any item of five sheets or less, and
estimated to weigh 100 kg or
less, may actually weigh 10%
over the theoretical weight
Any item of more than five sheets
and estimated to weigh more
than 100 kg, may actually weigh
71⁄2% over the theoretical weight
Chromium-manganese-nickel
Chromium-nickel
Chromium
weigh 100 kg or less
weigh more than 100 kg
Specified Width, mm
Tolerance per Unit Length of
Any 2400 mm, mm
600 to 900, excl
900 and over
4
3
A
7.82 kg/m2/mm thick
8.07 kg/m2/mm thick
7.92 kg/m2/mm thick
Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a straight
line and measurement is taken by placing an 8 ft [2438 mm]
straightedge on the concave side and measuring the greatest distance
between the sheet edge and the straightedge.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
The Committee has identified the location of selected
changes to this specification since the last issue, that may
impact the use of this specification.
(1) Added UNS S31060 to Table A1.2.
(2) Added UNS S31277 to Table A1.2.
(3) Added UNS S32906 and UNS S32101 to Table
A1.2.
(4) Revised Sections 1.3, 9.1, A2.1, and A3.1 to require
use of Annex A3 for A 480M when specified.
(5) Added heat treatment requirements for S32003 in
Table A1.2.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-484 /SA-484M
SPECIFICATION FOR GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
STAINLESS STEEL BARS, BILLETS, AND FORGINGS
SA-484 /SA-484M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 484 /A 484M-98.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers general requirements that
shall apply to stainless wrought steel bars, shapes, forgings,
and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for
forging, under the lastest revision of each of the following
ASTM specifications: Specifications A 276, A 314, A 458,
A 473, A 477, A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565,
A 582/A 582M, A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and
A 831/A 831M.
A 314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for
Forging
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 458 Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked
and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Bars for High Strength
at Elevated Temperatures
A 473 Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings
A 477 Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked
and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Forgings and Forging Billets for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures
A 479/A 479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
A 480 /A 480M Specification for General Requirements
for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip
A 555 /A 555M Specification for General Requirements
for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Wire and Wire
Rods
A 564/A 564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A 565 Specification for Martensitic Stainless Steel Bars,
Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature
Service
A 582/A 582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
Steel Bars, Hot-Rolled or Cold-Finished
A 638/A 638M Specification for Precipitation Hardening
Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock
for High-Temperature Service
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A 705/A 705M Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless
Steel Forgings
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A 831/A 831M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings for Use in Core Components
1.2 In case of conflicting requirements, the individual
material specification requirements take precedence.
1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials
in specifications referencing this Specification of General
Requirements are given in Annex A1.
1.4 General requirements for flat products other than
bar are covered in Specification A 480 /A 480M.
1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are
covered in Specification A 555 /A 555M.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard;
within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.7 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
871
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3.1.6 Slabs or Sheet Bars — The products of a primary mill such as blooming, slabbing or sheet bar mills,
or continuous or pressure casting machines, which are
shipped without further work other than cutting to length
or surface conditioning used only for re-rolling into sheet,
strip or plate.
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
Size
E 139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and
Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
2.2 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Marking of Iron and Steel
Products
3.2 The terms random lengths, multiple lengths, and
dead or exact lengths are defined as follows:
3.2.1 Random Lengths — A length range of not less
than 24 in. [1 m]; for example, 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m], 14
to 17 ft [4 to 5 m], or 15 to 20 ft [5 to 6 m].
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-163 Preservation of Steel Products for Shipment
(Storage and Overseas Shipment)
3.2.2 Multiple Lengths — Frequently, fabricating
operations will require small unit bar lengths. When such
is the case, a single bar containing a predetermined number
of such units may be specified. Such a bar is described as
a multiple-length bar, and it is common to include in the
specified length an allowance of 1⁄4 in. [6.5 mm] per unit
to ensure cutting the required number of pieces.
2.4 Other Standard:
Primary Metals Bar Code Standard
3.
Terminology
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.3 Dead or Exact Length — Bars specified to dead
or exact lengths may be either hot sheared or hot sawed.
When greater accuracy in length or freedom from end
distortion is required, bars can be machine-cut after
machine-straightening. The permissible variations in
length for dead or exact length bars are shown in tables
at the end of this specification.
3.1.1 Bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other
semi-finished material as used in this specification are
defined as follows:
3.1.2 Bars — Straight lengths that are produced by:
hot rolling, forging, extruding, etc. Also included are small
shapes with all dimensions under 5 in. [125 mm] and hotrolled flats up to 10 in. [250 mm] inclusive in width and
0.125 in. [3.00 mm] and over in thickness. Cold-finished
bars may be cold drawn, turned, ground or polished and
are produced from straight length bars or from straightened
and cut rod or wire. Also, bars may be produced by cutting
from strip or plate, provided that the long direction of cut
bars is parallel to the final rolling direction of the strip
or plate.
4.
Identification of Material
4.1 For Civilian Procurement:
4.1.1 Bars and shapes shall be properly marked or
tagged with the name of manufacturer, purchaser’s name
and order number, ASTM specification number, heat number, grade or type, condition, and where appropriate the
size, length, and weight. Unless otherwise specified, the
method of marking is at the option of the manufacturer,
and may be made by hot stamping, cold stamping, painting,
or marking tags attached to the bundles, lifts, or boxes.
NOTE — All cold-reduced flat material under 0.1875 in. [5.00 mm] thick
is classified as strip if 0.375 in. [9.50 mm] and over in width.
3.1.3 Forgings — Parts produced by hot, mechanical
shaping of such products as bars and billets, or other semifinished materials, with hammers, presses, and forging
machines.
4.1.2 Forgings shall be legibly die stamped with
the manufacturer’s symbol or name, material specification
number, type, and heat identification. When die stamping
is not permitted by the purchaser, electric pencil or electroetching may be used.
3.1.4 Billets — A semi-finished product (produced
on mills or by forging or continuous casting machines)
that requires subsequent hot rolling or hot forging. Sizes
are generally up to 36 in.2 (230 cm2) in cross section
as squares or rectangles with width less than twice the
thickness.
4.2 For Government Procurement:
4.2.1 When specified in the contract or order, and
for direct procurement by or direct shipment to the Government, marking for shipment, in addition to any requirements specified in the contract or order, shall be in
accordance with MIL-STD-129 for military agencies and
in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies.
3.1.5 Blooms — A semi-finished product (produced
on mills or by continuous casting machines) that requires
subsequent hot rolling or hot forging. Sizes are generally
over 36 in.2 (230 cm2) in square or rectangular cross sections with width less than twice the thickness. Rectangles
with width twice the thickness or greater are classed as
slabs or sheet bars.
4.2.2 For Government procurement by the Defense
Supply Agency, bars and shapes shall be continuously
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marked for identification in accordance with Fed. Std.
No. 183.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 Heat or Cast Analysis — The chemical analysis
of each heat shall be determined in accordance with the
applicable material specification and Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
5.
Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The material may be furnished in one of the conditions detailed in the applicable material specification, that
is, hot-worked, extruded or forged, forged and machined,
annealed, cold-worked or heat-treated (normalized and
tempered, or quenched and tempered), etc.
6.2 Product Analysis — When required, a product analysis shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods,
Practices, and Terminology A 751. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the tolerances shown
in Table 1.
5.2 The types of finish procurable are as follows:
6.3 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element
for the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms
to the requirements of another grade in the referencing
product specification, and any of the product specifications
within the scope of this general specification, for which
that element has a specified minimum.
5.2.1 Hot-Finished Bars — Hot-finished bars are
commonly produced by hot rolling, forging, pressing,
extruding, etc. ingots, blooms or billets to final dimensions.
Hot-finished bars may be subject to various operations
including annealing or other heat treating, cleaning by
pickling, blast cleaning or other methods of descaling,
rough turning and machine straightening. At the option of
the producer, hot-finished bar may be subject to centerless
grinding, polishing, etc., to provide closer tolerances or
improved surface condition.
7.
Permissible Variations in Dimensions
7.1 Unless otherwise specified on the purchase order,
the material shall conform to the permissible variations in
dimensions as specified in the following:
5.2.2 Bars Cut from Strip or Plate — Two surfaces
descaled or pickled, two cut surfaces, except when heat
treated after cutting, in which case, all surfaces will be
descaled or pickled.
7.1.1 Bars — Tables 2 through 11.
7.1.2 Shapes — Tables 12 through 18 and Figs. 1
and 2.
5.2.3 Cold-Finished Bars — Cold-finished bars are
produced from hot-finished bars by means of additional
operations, for example, cold drawing, centerless grinding,
polishing, etc., to provide closer tolerances, improved surface condition or higher strength levels.
7.1.3 Forgings — As specified in the purchase order,
or in prints or sketches accompanying the purchase order.
7.1.4 Billets or Other Semi-Finished Material for
Reforging — Billets and bars shall conform to the shape and
dimensions specified by the purchaser within a permissible
variation of ±5%.
5.2.4 Bars and Billets or Other Semi-Finished Material for Reforging — Material may be conditioned to
remove injurious surface defects provided the depth of
conditioning does not exceed that which affects the surface
condition or dimensions of the article to be forged from
the bar on billet.
8.
Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 The material shall be of uniform quality consistent
with good manufacturing and inspection practices. Imperfections that may be present shall be of such a nature or
degree for the type and quality ordered, that they will not
adversely affect the forming, machining, or fabrication of
finished parts.
5.2.5 Shapes — Descaled by machining, grinding,
or pickling.
5.2.5.1 Shapes may be subjected to either Class A
or Class C surface preparation as specified on the purchase
order. Class A consists of grinding for the removal of
imperfections of a hazardous nature such as fins, tears, and
jagged edges, provided the underweight tolerance is not
exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any one
point does not exceed 10% of the thickness of the section.
Class C consists of grinding for the removal of all visible
surface imperfections, provided the underweight tolerance
is not exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any
one point does not exceed 10% of the thickness of the
section.
9.
Lot Size
9.1 A lot for product analysis shall consist of all bars,
shapes, and forgings made from the same heat.
9.2 For other tests required by the product specification,
a lot shall consist of all bar products of the same size, or
forgings weighing less than 1000 lb [500 kg] each, from
the same heat, and produced under the same processing
conditions. All austenitic, ferritic, and free-machining
stainless steels, as well as martensitic grades when annealed
5.2.6 Forgings— Descaled by machining, blasting
or pickling, unless otherwise specified.
873
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to Condition A and precipitation or age-hardening grades
when solution treated, may be heat treated in more than
one charge in the same furnace or in several furnaces,
utilizing controlled processing and equipment. (See Appendix.) However, when heat treating martensitic stainless
steels to Condition T or H and when age hardening the
precipitation hardening stainless steels, a lot shall consist
of the same size, same heat, and the same heat treat charge
in a batch-type furnace or under the same conditions in a
continuous furnace.
may be tested to replace each failed specimen of the original sample. If one of the retest specimens fails, the lot
shall be rejected.
11. Retreatment
11.1 Where failure of any lot is due to inadequate heat
treatment, the material may be reheat-treated and resubmitted for test.
9.2.1 For forgings weighing from 1000 lb [500 kg]
to 5000 lb [2500 kg] each, a lot shall consist of one size
classification from each heat and each heat-treating charge.
Where continuous heat-treating furnaces are used, a lot
shall consist of one size classification from each heat, heat
treated in an 8-h (or less) period.
12. Test Methods
12.1 The properties enumerated in applicable specifications shall be determined in accordance with the following ASTM methods:
12.1.1 Chemical Analysis — Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
9.2.2 For all classes of forgings weighing from 5000
to 7000 lb [2300 to 3200 kg], each unit shall be considered
a lot.
12.1.2 Tension Tests — Test Methods and Definitions A 370. When identified as such, transverse testing is
permitted.
9.2.3 For all classes of forgings weighing more than
7000 lb [3200 kg], each unit shall be considered a double
lot, and two tension tests shall be required, one from each
end of each forging. In the case of ring forgings, the tension
test specimens shall be removed from each of two locations
on the periphery, approximately 180° apart, or insofar as
practicable from opposite ends of the forging.
12.1.3 Stress Rupture — Practice E 139.
12.1.4 Brinell Hardness — Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
12.1.5 Rockwell Hardness — Test Methods and
Definitions A 370.
12.1.6 Intergranular Corrosion (when required) —
Practice E of Practices A 262.
10.
Number of Tests and Retests
10.1 Unless specified otherwise in the product specification, one sample per heat shall be selected for chemical
analysis and one mechanical test sample shall be selected
from each lot of bars and shapes and from each lot of
forgings. Tension tests of bars and shapes shall be made
in the longitudinal direction. Hardness tests on bars shall
be conducted midway between the center and surface of
the product. Tension tests on forgings shall be prepared
from suitable prolongations, or at the option of the supplier,
excess forgings may be provided for test. All tests shall
conform to the chemical and mechanical requirements of
the material specification.
12.1.7 Grain Size (when required) — Test Methods
E 112.
12.1.8 Charpy V-Notch Impact Test — Test Methods
and Definitions A 370.
13. Inspection
13.1 For Civilian Procurement — Inspection of the
material shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser
and the supplier as part of the purchase contract.
13.2 For Government Procurement — Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order: (1) the
seller is responsible for the performance of all inspection
and test requirements in this specification, (2) the seller
may use his own or other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and testing, and (3) the purchaser
shall have the right to perform any of the inspection and
tests set forth in this specification. The manufacturer shall
afford the purchaser’s inspector all reasonable facilities
necessary to satisfy him that the material is being furnished
in accordance with the specification. Inspection by the
purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturer.
10.2 One intergranular corrosion test, when required,
and one grain size test, when required, shall be made from
each lot. It is often convenient to obtain test material from
the specimen selected for mechanical testing.
10.3 If any test specimen shows defective machining
or flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen substituted.
10.4 If the results of any test lot are not in conformance
with the requirements of this specification and the applicable product specification, a retest sample of two specimens
874
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14. Rejection and Rehearing
14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements
of this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be
reported to the producer or supplier promptly, preferably
in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of
the test, the producer or supplier may make claim for a
rehearing.
any existing EDI agreement between the purchaser and the
supplier. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the
organization submitting the EDI transmission is responsible for the content of the report.
16. Preparation for Delivery
16.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars and shapes
shall be packaged and loaded in accordance with Practices
A 700.
15. Certification
15.1 A certified report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of shipment. The report shall include
the ASTM designation, year date and revision letter, if any.
16.2 When specified in the contract or order, and for
direct procurement by or direct shipment to the Government, when Level A is specified, preservation, packaging,
and packing shall be in accordance with the Level A
requirements of MIL-STD-163.
15.2 A document printed from or used in electronic
form from an electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be regarded as having the same validity as a
counterpart printed in the certifier’s facility. The content
of the EDI transmitted document shall meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM standard(s) and conform to
17. Keywords
17.1 general delivery requirements; stainless steel bars;
stainless steel billets; stainless steel forgings
FIG. 2 TRANSVERSE FLATNESS TOLERANCES
FIG. 1 CAMBER OR BOW TOLERANCES
GENERAL NOTE: Camber or bow tolerances shall not
exceed 0.025 in. (0.60 mm) X length in ft (m/3).
Camber tolerances for hot finished or extruded shapes
camber (or bow) is the greatest deviation of a side
from a straight line. Measurement is taken on the
concave side of the shapes with a straight edge.
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Allowance deviation from flat is max 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) per
1 in. (25 mm) of width. Maximum deviation on dimensions of
less than 1 in. (25 mm) is 0.010 in. (0.250 mm).
(b) The transverse flatness tolerance is the maximum deviation
from a reference base across any cross-section flat surface.
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SA-484 /SA-484M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1
PRODUCT ANALYSIS TOLERANCES
Element
Carbon
Upper Limit or Maximum
of
Specified Range, %
Tolerances over the
Maximum (Upper
Limit) or Under
the Minimum
(Lower Limit)
Element
to 0.010, incl
over 0.010 to 0.030, incl
over 0.030 to 0.20, incl
over 0.20 to 0.60, incl
over 0.60 to 1.20, incl
0.002
0.005
0.01
0.02
0.03
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl
over 6.00 to 10.00, incl
over 10.00 to 15.00, incl
over 15.00 to 20.00, incl
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.10
0.15
Phosphorus
to 0.040, incl
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl
0.005
0.010
Sulfur
to 0.040, incl
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl
over 0.20 to 0.50, incl
0.005
0.010
0.020
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl
0.05
0.10
0.15
Chromium
over
over
over
over
4.00 to 10.00, incl
10.00 to 15.00, incl
15.00 to 20.00, incl
20.00 to 30.00, incl
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
Nickel
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 5.00, incl
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl
over 10.00 to 20.00, incl
over 20.00 to 30.00, incl
over 30.00 to 40.00, incl
over 40.00
0.03
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
Molybdenum
over
over
over
over
over
0.03
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Titanium
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
over 3.00
Manganese
Silicon
0.20 to 0.60, incl
0.60 to 2.00, incl
2.00 to 7.00, incl
7.00 to 15.00, incl
15.00 to 30.00, incl
0.05
0.07
0.10
Upper Limit or Maximum of
Specified Range, %
Cobalt
over
over
over
over
over
over
over
Columbium
+ tantalum
to 1.50, incl
Over 1.50 to 5.00, incl
over 5.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Tantalum
to 0.10, incl
0.02
Copper
to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to
over 1.00 to
over 3.00 to
over 5.00 to
Aluminum
0.05 to 0.50, incl
0.50 to 2.00, incl
2.00 to 5.00, incl
5.00 to 10.00, incl
10.00 to 15.00, incl
15.00 to 22.00, incl
22.00 to 30.00, incl
Tolerances over
the
Maximum (Upper
Limit) or Under
the Minimum
(Lower Limit)
1.00, incl
3.00, incl
5.00, incl
10.00, incl
0.03
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.50, incl
2.00, incl
5.00, incl
10.00, incl
−0.005
+0.01
0.05
0.10
0.20
0.35
to 0.15, incl
over
over
over
over
Nitrogen
0.15
0.50
2.00
5.00
to
to
to
to
to 0.02, incl
over 0.02 to
over 0.19 to
over 0.25 to
over 0.35 to
over 0.45
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.19,
0.25,
0.35,
0.45,
incl
incl
incl
incl
0.005
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
Tungsten
to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 2.00, incl
over 2.00 to 5.00, incl
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl
over 10.00 to 20.00, incl
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.15
Vanadium
to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to 1.50, incl
0.03
0.05
Selenium
all
0.03
NOTE —This table specifies tolerances over the maximum limits or under the minimum limits of the chemical requirements of the applicable
material specification (see 1.1); it does not apply to heat analysis.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-484 /SA-484M
TABLE 2
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF HOT-FINISHED ROUND, TURNED,A AND SQUARE BARS
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Permissible Variations from Specified Size,
in. [mm]
Specified Size, in. [mm]
5
D
7
⁄16 to ⁄16 [8.00 to 11.00], incl
Over 7⁄16 to 5⁄8 [11.00 to 15.50], inclD
Over 5⁄8 to 7⁄8 [15.50 to 22.00], incl
Over 7⁄8 to 1 [22.00 to 25.00], incl
Over 1 to 11⁄8 [25.00 to 28.00], incl
Over 11⁄8 to 11⁄4 [28.00 to 31.50], incl
Over 11⁄4 to 13⁄8 [31.50 to 34.50], incl
Over 13⁄8 to 11⁄2 [34.50 to 38.00], incl
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38.00 to 50.00], incl
Over 2 to 21⁄2 [50.00 to 63.00], incl
Over 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 [63.00 to 90.00], incl
Over 31⁄2 to 41⁄2 [90.00 to 115.00], incl
Over 41⁄2 to 51⁄2 [115.00 to 140.00], incl
Over 51⁄2 to 61⁄2 [140.00 to 165.00], incl
Over 61⁄2 to 8 [165.00 to 200.00], incl
Over 8 to 12 [200.00 to 300.00], inclA
Over 12 to 15 [300.00 to 400.00], inclA
Over 15 to 25 [400.00 to 625.00], inclA
Over
Under
0.006 [0.15]
0.007 [0.18]
0.008 [0.20]
0.009 [0.23]
0.010 [0.25]
0.011 [0.28]
0.012 [0.30]
0.014 [0.35]
1
⁄64 [0.40]
1
⁄32 [0.80]
3
⁄64 [1.20]
1
⁄16 [1.60]
5
⁄64 [2.00]
1
⁄8 [3.00]
5
⁄32 [4.00]
3
⁄16 [4.80]
7
⁄32 [5.50]
1
⁄4 [6.50]
0.006 [0.15]
0.007 [0.18]
0.008 [0.20]
0.009 [0.23]
0.010 [0.25]
0.011 [0.28]
0.012 [0.30]
0.014 [0.35]
1
⁄64 [0.40]
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Out-of-RoundB or
Out-of-Square,C in. [mm]
0.009 [0.23]
0.010 [0.26]
0.012 [0.30]
0.013 [0.34]
0.015 [0.38]
0.016 [0.42]
0.018 [0.46]
0.021 [0.53]
0.023 [0.60]
0.023 [0.60]
0.035 [0.90]
0.046 [1.20]
0.058 [1.50]
0.070 [1.80]
0.085 [2.20]
3
⁄32 [2.40]
7
⁄64 [2.80]
1
⁄8 [3.20]
A
Turned bars are generally available from 2 to 25 in. [50 to 625 mm] in diameter, over 8 in. [200 mm] only turned bars are available.
Out-of-round is the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters of the bar measured at the same cross section.
C
Out-of-square section is the difference in the two dimensions at the same cross section of a square bar, each dimension being the distance
between opposite faces.
D
Size tolerances have not been evolved for round sections in the size range of 5⁄16 in. [8.00 mm] to approximately 5⁄8 in. [15.5 mm] in diameter which are produced on rod mills in coils.
B
TABLE 3
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF HOT-FINISHED HEXAGONAL AND OCTAGONAL BAR
Specified Sizes Measured Between Opposite
Sides, in. [mm]
1
1
⁄4 to ⁄2 [6.50 to 13.00], incl
Over 1⁄2 to 1 [13.00 to 25.00], incl
Over 1 to 11⁄2 [25.00 to 38.00], incl
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38.00 to 50.00], incl
Over 2 to 21⁄2 [50.00 to 63.00], incl
Over 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 [63.00 to 90.00], incl
Permissible Variations from Specified Size,
in. [mm]
Over
Under
0.007 [0.18]
0.010 [0.25]
0.021 [0.53]
1
⁄32 [0.80]
3
⁄64 [1.20]
1
⁄16 [1.60]
0.007 [0.18]
0.010 [0.25]
0.021 [0.53]
1
⁄32 [0.80]
3
⁄64 [1.20]
1
⁄16 [1.60]
877
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Maximum Difference in 3
Measurements for Hexagons
Only, in. [mm]
0.011 [0.28]
0.015 [0.38]
0.025 [0.64]
1
⁄32 [0.80]
3
⁄64 [1.20]
1
⁄16 [1.60]
Over 1 to 2 [25.00
50.00], incl
Over 2 to 4 [50.00
100.00], incl
Over 4 to 6 [100.00
150.00], incl
Over 6 to 8 [150.00
200.00], incl
Over 8 to 10 [200.00
250.00], incl
To 1 [25.00], incl
Specified Width,
in. [mm]
to
to
to
to
to
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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0.008
[0.20]
0.012
[0.30]
0.015
[0.40]
0.015
[0.40]
0.016
[0.40]
0.020
[0.50]
0.008
[0.20]
0.012
[0.30]
0.015
[0.40]
0.015
[0.40]
0.016
[0.40]
0.020
[0.50]
0.010
[0.25]
0.015
[0.40]
0.020
[0.50]
0.020
[0.50]
0.025
[0.65]
0.031
[0.80]
0.010
[0.25]
0.015
[0.40]
0.020
[0.50]
0.020
[0.50]
0.025
[0.65]
0.031
[0.80]
Under
Over
Over
Under
Over 1⁄2 to 1
[13 to 25], incl
1
⁄8 to 1⁄2
[3.2 to 13], incl
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
...
Over
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
...
Under
Over 1 to 2
[25 to 50], incl
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
...
...
Over
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
...
...
Under
Over 2 to 4
[50 to 100], incl
0.093
[2.40]
0.093
[2.40]
0.093
[2.40]
...
...
...
Over
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
...
...
...
Under
Over 4 to 6
[100 to 150], incl
Permissible Variations in Thickness for Thicknesses Given, in. [mm]
0.125
[3.20]
0.125
[3.20]
...
...
...
...
Over
0.156
[4.00]
0.156
[4.00]
...
...
...
...
Under
Over 6 to 8
[150 to 200], incl
TABLE 4
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS AND WIDTH FOR HOT-FINISHED FLAT BARS ROLLED AS BARS
0.015
[0.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.093
[2.40]
0.125
[3.20]
0.156
[4.00]
Over
0.015
[0.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.156
[4.00]
0.187
[4.80]
Under
Permissible
Variations in
Width, in.
[mm]
SA-484 /SA-484M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
878
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⁄4 to 1 [19.00 to 25.00], excl
⁄8 to 3⁄4 [9.00 to 19.00], excl
879
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B
A
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
Over
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
Under
0.188
[4.80]
0.188
[4.80]
0.188
[4.80]
0.188
[4.80]
0.188
[4.80]
0.188
[4.80]
0.188
[4.80]
0.250
[6.50]
0.250
[6.50]
0.250
[6.50]
0.250
[6.50]
0.250
[6.50]
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Under
Permissible Variation
in LengthB
Over
By agreement between purchaser and seller, tolerances can be shifted as desired to any combination of plus-minus tolerance between all minus and all plus.
Not applicable when bars are ordered random length.
8 to 10 [200.00 to 250.00], excl
6 to 8 [150.00 to 200.00], excl
4 to 6 [100.00 to 150.00], excl
3 to 4 [75.00 to 100.00], excl
2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], excl
1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], excl
3
3
0.010
[0.25]
0.012
[0.30]
0.014
[0.35]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.010
[0.25]
0.012
[0.30]
0.014
[0.35]
0.050
[1.25]
0.060
[1.50]
0.065
[1.65]
0.075
[1.90]
0.150
[3.80]
0.210
[5.30]
0.300
[7.60]
0.420
[10.65]
0.540
[13.70]
Over 0.114 to 0.130 [2.90 to 3.30],
incl
Over 0.130 to 0.145 [3.30 to 3.70],
incl
Over 0.145 to less than 3 ⁄ 16 , [3.70
to 4.80]
3
⁄16 to 3⁄8 [4.80 to 9.00], excl
Under
Widths Over 4 [100]
Permissible VariationA in Width
Widths to 4 [100]
Over
Under
Order Thickness
Over
Permissible Variation
in
Thickness, in. [mm]
TABLE 5
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN DIMENSIONS FOR FLAT BARS CUT FROM STRIP OR PLATE
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-484 /SA-484M
SA-484 /SA-484M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 6
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF COLD-FINISHED ROUND BARS
Permissible Variations from Specified
Size, in. [mm]A,B
Specified Size, in. [mm]
Over
1
⁄16 to 5⁄16 [1.50 to 8.00], excl
⁄16 to 1⁄2 [8.00 to 13.00], excl
1
⁄2 to 1 [13.00 to 25.00], excl
1 to 11⁄2 [25.00 to 38.00], excl
11⁄2 to 4 [38.00 to 100.00], inclC
0.001
0.0015
0.002
0.0025
0.003
5
Under
[0.03]
[0.04]
[0.05]
[0.06]
[0.08]
0.001
0.0015
0.002
0.0025
0.003
[0.03]
[0.04]
[0.05]
[0.06]
[0.08]
A
Unless otherwise specified, size tolerances are over and under as shown in the above table. When
required, however, they may be specified all over and nothing under, or all under and nothing over, or any
combination of over and under, if the total spread in size tolerance for a specified size is not less than the
total spread shown in the table.
B
When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing, size tolerances are double those shown in the table.
C
Cold-finished bars over 4 in. [100 mm] in diameter are produced; size tolerances for such bars are
not included herein.
TABLE 7
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF
COLD FINISHED HEXAGONAL, OCTAGONAL, AND SQUARE BARS
Permissible Variations from Specified Size,
in. [mm]B
Specified Size,A in. [mm]
Over
⁄8 to 5⁄16 [3.00 to 8.00], excl
⁄16 to 1⁄2 [8.00 to 13.00], excl
1
⁄2 to 1 [13.00 to 25.00], incl
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], incl
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], incl
Over 3 [75.00]
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
5
A
B
Under
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
[0.05]
[0.08]
[0.10]
[0.15]
[0.20]
[0.25]
Distance across flats.
When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing, size tolerances are double those shown in the table.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-484 /SA-484M
TABLE 8
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN
WIDTH AND THICKNESS OF COLD-FINISHED FLAT BARS
Permissible Variations in Width, Over and
Under, in. [mm]A
Width, in. [mm]
For Thicknesses
1
⁄4 in. [6.5]
and Under
1
⁄16 to 3⁄8 [1.50 to 9.50], incl
Over 3⁄8 to 1 [9.50 to 25.00], incl
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], incl
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], incl
Over 3 to 41⁄2 [75.00 to 115.00], incl
0.005
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
For Thicknesses
Over 1⁄4 in.
[6.5]
[0.12]
[0.10]
[0.15]
[0.20]
[0.25]
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
[0.12]
[0.10]
[0.10]
[0.10]
[0.13]
Permissible Variations in Thickness,
Over and Under, in. [mm]A
Thickness, in. [mm]
Up to .029 [0.70], incl
Over .029 to .035 [0.70 to 1.00], incl
Over .035 to 1 [1.00 to 25.00], incl
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], incl
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], incl
Over 3 to 41⁄2 [75.00 to 115.00], inclB
0.001
0.0015
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
[0.03]
[0.04]
[0.05]
[0.08]
[0.10]
[0.13]
A
When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing, size tolerances are double those shown in the table.
B
Cold-finished flat bars over 41⁄2 in. [115 mm] wide or thick are produced; width and thickness tolerances for such bars are not included herein.
TABLE 9
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN
LENGTH OF HOT-FINISHED OR COLD-FINISHED BARS
Permissible Variations in Length, in. [mm]B
Specified Size of Rounds, Squares,
Hexagons, Octagons, and Widths of
Flats,A in. [mm]
Up to .500 [13.00], incl
Over .500 to 2 [13.00 to 50.00], incl
Over 2 to 4 [50.00 to 100.00], incl
Over 4 to 6 [100.00 to 150.00], incl
Over 6 to 9 [150.00 to 225.00], incl
Over 9 to 12 [225.00 to 300.00], incl
For Lengths up to 12 ftC
[4 m], incl
Over
1
⁄16
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
[1.5]
[13]
[19]
1 [25]
11⁄4 [31.5]
11⁄2 [38]
For Lengths Over 12 to
25 ft [4 to 8 m], incl
Under
0
0
0
0
0
0
Over
Under
⁄8 [3.0]
⁄4 [19.0]
1 [25.00]
11⁄4 [31.50]
11⁄2 [38.00]
2 [50.00]
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
A
The maximum width of bar flats is 10 in. [250 mm].
Random Lengths — When ordered as random lengths, permissible variation is 2 ft [0.6 m] over and
under the specified length. When ordered as random lengths subject to a minimum length requirement,
permissible variation is 2 ft [0.6 m] over and nothing under the specified length.
C
For lengths under 3 ft [1 m] and sizes up to 1⁄2 in. [13.00 mm] incl., the permissible variation in
length is 1⁄32 in. [0.80 mm] over and nothing under.
B
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881
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SA-484 /SA-484M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 10
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF HOT-FINISHED OR
COLD-FINISHED BARS MACHINE CUT AFTER MACHINE STRAIGHTENING
Permissible Variations in Length, in. [mm]
Specified Size of Rounds,
Squares, Hexagons, Octagons,
and Width of Flats,A in. [mm]
To 3 [75], incl
Over 3 to 6 [75 to 150], incl
Over 6 to 9 [150 to 225], incl
Over 9 to 12 [225 to 300], incl
For Lengths up to 12 ft
[4 m], incl
Over
For Lengths Over 12 to
25 ft [4 to 8 m], incl
Under
1
⁄8 [3.0]
⁄16 [4.8]
1
⁄4 [6.5]
1
⁄2 [13.0]
0
0
0
0
3
Over
Under
⁄16 [4.8]
1
⁄4 [6.5]
5
⁄16 [8.0]
1
⁄2 [13.0]
0
0
0
0
3
NOTE 1 — These tolerances are not applicable when bars are ordered random length.
A
The maximum width of bar flats is 10 in. [250 mm].
TABLE 11
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN
STRAIGHTNESS OF MACHINE STRAIGHTENED
HOT-FINISHED OR COLD-FINISHED BARSA
TABLE 12
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS
FOR HOT-FINISHED ANGLES
Measurement is taken on the concave side of the bar with a
straightedge. Unless otherwise specified, hot-finished or cold-finished
bars for machining purposes are furnished machine straightened to
the following tolerances:
Weight: A
For angles of 6 lb/ft [9.0 kg/m] or less, the weight tolerances shall
not exceed ±71⁄2%. For angles over 6 lb/ft [9 kg/m], the weight tolerance
shall not exceed ±41⁄2%.
Length of Legs:
For angles having legs or flanges up to 6 in. [150 mm], incl, the
length tolerance shall not exceed ±1⁄8 in. [3.00 mm]. For angles having
legs or flanges over 6 in., the length tolerance shall not exceed +3⁄16
in. [5.00 mm] and −1⁄8 in.
Squareness of Legs:
The tolerance for the right angle between the legs is ±2°.
Hot finished:
1
⁄8 in. [3.00 mm] in any 5 ft [1.50 m]; but may not exceed
1
⁄8 in. [3.00 mm] ⴛ (length in ft/5) [m/1.50]
Cold finished:
1
⁄16 in. [1.5 mm] in any 5 ft [1.5 m]; but may not exceed
1
⁄16 in. [1.5 mm] ⴛ (length in ft/5) [m/1.50]
A
NOTE 1 — For unequal leg angles, the longer leg determines the
tolerance for the length of each leg.
A
For equal leg angles, the theoretical weight per foot is:
Straightness tolerances have not been established for sizes less
than 1⁄2 in. [6.50 m].
Weight/foot p (24 W ⴛ t − 12t 2) (0.2871 lb/ft)
where W is the specified length of the leg, and t is the specified thickness, both in inches.
For unequal leg angles, the theoretical weight per foot is:
Weight/foot p [12 W1 ⴛ t + 12 W2 ⴛ t − 12t 2] (0.2871 lb/ft)
where W1 and W2 are the specified leg lengths, and t is the specified leg thickness, all in inches.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-484 /SA-484M
TABLE 13
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF HOT-FINISHED CHANNELS
Size Tolerances, Over and Under, in. [mm]
Thickness of Web for
Thickness Given
Specified Size of Channel, in. [mm]
Depth of Section
1
3
To 1 ⁄2 [38.00], incl
Over 11⁄2 to 3 [38.00 to 75.00], excl
3
A
Width of Flanges
3
⁄64 [1.20]
⁄32 [2.40]
⁄64 [1.20]
⁄32 [2.40]
3
To 3⁄16 incl
[5.00 mm]
Over 3⁄16
[5.00 mm]
0.015 [0.41]
0.023 [0.60]
0.023 [0.60]
0.030 [0.80]
Out-of-SquareB of
Either Flange, in./in.
[mm/mm] of
Flange Width
3
⁄64 [1.20]
⁄64 [1.20]
3
A
Channel depth is measured at back of web.
For channels 5⁄8 in. [15.50 mm] and under in depth, the out-of-square tolerance is 5⁄64 in./in. [2.00 mm/mm] of depth. Out-of-squareness is
determined by placing a square against the bottom surface of the web and measuring the amount of toe-in or toe-out of either flange. Measurements for depth of section and width of flanges are over-all.
B
TABLE 14
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF HOT-FINISHED TEES
Width or Depth, in.B
Specified Size of Tee, in.
[mm]A
1
To 1 ⁄2 [38.00], incl
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38.00 to 50.00],
incl
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], excl
Over
5
3
9
⁄64 [2.00]
⁄32 [2.40]
5
⁄64 [3.60]
9
3
Thickness of Flange, in.
[mm]
Thickness of Stem, in. [mm]
Stem
Out-of-SquareC
in. [mm]
Under
Over
Under
Over
Under
⁄64 [2.00]
⁄32 [2.40]
0.015 [0.38]
0.018 [0.46]
0.015 [0.38]
0.018 [0.46]
0.008 [0.20]
0.015 [0.38]
0.030 [0.75]
0.030 [0.75]
3
⁄64 [3.60]
0.023 [0.60]
0.023 [0.60]
0.023 [0.60]
0.030 [0.75]
9
⁄64 [1.20]
⁄32 [2.40]
3
⁄64 [3.60]
A
The longer member of an unequal tee determines the size for tolerances.
Measurements for both width and depth are over-all.
C
Stem out-of-square is the variation from its true position of the center line of stem measured at the point.
B
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
TABLE 16
ANGULARITY TOLERANCE FOR EXTRUDED SHAPES
TABLE 15
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN
SIZE OF HOT-EXTRUDED SHAPES
Plus and minus
Section Tolerances, in.
[mm]
Specified Size, in. [mm]
Dimensions under 1 [25]
Dimensions 1 to 3 [25 to 75], excl
Dimensions 3 to 4 [75 to 100], incl.
Over 4 [100]
Over
Under
0.020
[0.50]
0.031
[0.80]
0.046
[1.20]
0.062
[1.60]
0.020
[0.50]
0.031
[0.80]
0.046
[1.20]
0.062
[1.60]
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max 2 deg
SA-484 /SA-484M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 17
LENGTH TOLERANCES FOR EXTRUDED SHAPE LENGTHA,B
For Lengths up to 12 ft
[4 m], incl.
Specified Size
Up to 3 in. [75 mm], excl
For Lengths over 12 ft
[4 m]
Over
Under
⁄16 in. [4.8 mm]
0
3
A
Over
Under
⁄4 in. [6.5 mm]
0
1
1
Multiple Lengths — Unless otherwise specified, ⁄4 in. [6.5 mm] is added to the total length of each
piece for each multiple contained.
B
Random Lengths — When ordered as random lengths, permissible variation is 2 ft [0.6 m] over and
under the specified length. When ordered as random lengths subject to a minimum length requirement, permissible variation is 2 ft [0.6 m] over and nothing under the specified length.
TABLE 18
TWIST TOLERANCES
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) The amount of spiraling in an extruded shape is
called twist. It can be measured by the height of the high
corner from a flat reference base (established rise).
(b) Using the following calculation the twist tolerance
must not exceed what is shown in the table.
established rise x number of ft. in length
5
Section Width
Rise in 5 ft
1/ in. (13 mm) to 11/ in. (39 mm)
0.125
in.
(3.00 mm)
2
2
Over 11/2 in. (39 mm) to 4 in. (100 mm) 0.188 in. (4.80 mm)
0.250 in. (6.50 mm)
Over 4 in. (100 mm)
Rise in 5 ft. =
884
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-484 /SA-484M
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
INTRODUCTION OF NEW MATERIALS
A1.1 New materials may be proposed for inclusion
in specifications referencing this Specification of General
Requirements, subject to the following conditions:
need for the new grade to be included in the applicable
specification.
A1.1.3 The application shall be accompanied by test
data as required by the applicable specification. Test data
from a minimum of three test lots, as defined by the specification, each from a different heat, shall be furnished.
A1.1.1 The application for the addition of a new
grade to a specification shall be made to the chairman of
the subcommittee which has jurisdiction over that specification.
A1.1.4 The application shall provide recommendations for all requirements appearing in the applicable specification.
A1.1.2 The application shall be accompanied by a
statement from at least one user indicating that there is a
A1.1.5 The application shall state whether the new
grade is covered by patent.
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SA-484 /SA-484M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
APPENDICES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. RATIONALE REGARDING DEFINITION OF
LOT FOR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
AND CORROSION TESTING
X1.1 It is generally recognized that material described
as a lot must be “produced under the same processing
conditions,” which means the same manufacturing order
number, same size, same heat, same heat-treating procedure, and same subsequent processing. Under those conditions, single samples can be selected to be representitive
of the total lot, with at least one sample for each 20 000
pounds of material.
X1.3 The old definition of a lot for mechanical testing
based on simply the words “same size, heat, and heat
treatment charge in a batch furnace” assumes that heat
treating is the only process affecting properties. This kind
of definition ignores the effects of other processing, prior
to and subsequent to heat treating. Moreover, it assumes
that each heat-treated batch will be uniform and unique
rather than reproducible. In reality, heat treating is a process
which can be controlled easily throughout a batch and from
batch to batch, with the net result that multiple batches
can be considered part of a single lot if equipment and
processing parameters meet the mandates of X1.1 and
X1.2.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
X1.2 Following the principle described in X1.1 generally requires that the producer control each of several furnace loads constituting the same lot so that:
X1.2.1 Set point temperature and process tolerance
match,
X1.2.2 Time at temperature for all thermal treatment
shall match within 10%,
X1.2.3 All furnaces used be similar in size and meet
the uniformity requirements of a documented furnace quality assurance program and,
X1.2.4 The quench systems are the same with respect
to volume, type of quenchant, and circulation rate.
X1.2.5 Further, it would be expected that grouped
loads be handled within a relatively short time period, and
that hardness testing be performed on at least one sample
per charge.
X1.4 The sampling specified for mechanical properties
is not a statistical sampling plan. Therefore, it provides
only typical data. Assurance of uniformity within the lot
can be obtained only by the producer adequately controlling the processing parameters.
X2. BAR CODING
X2.1 Bar coding to identify steel is not specifically
addressed in Committee A-1 specifications. Committee
A-1 endorses the AIAG bar code standard for primary
metals for steel products and proposes that this bar coding
standard be considered as a possible auxiliary method of
identification.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-487 /SA-487M
SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL CASTINGS SUITABLE
FOR PRESSURE SERVICE
SA-487 /SA-487M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 487 /A 487M-93(R07).]
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers low-alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or
quenched and tempered, condition suitable for pressurecontaining parts. The weldability of the classes in this
specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only
with adequate precautions, and the weldability of each
class should be considered prior to assembly by fusion
welding.
2.3 Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve
and Fittings Industry Standards:
SP-55 Quality Standard for Steel Castings — Visual
Method
3.
General Conditions for Delivery
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of Specification
A 703/A 703M, including the supplementary requirements
that are indicated on the purchase order. Failure to comply
with the general requirements of Specification
A 703 / A 703M constitutes nonconformance with this
specification. In case of conflict between the requirements
of this specification and Specification A 703/A 703M, this
specification shall prevail.
1.2 Selection will depend on design, mechanical, and
service conditions. Users should note that hardenability of
some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum
size at which the required mechanical properties are
obtained.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification. Inch-pound units are applicable for
material ordered to Specification A 487 and SI units for
material ordered to Specification A 487M.
4.
Ordering Information
4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate
the following:
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number
or drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on
the casting drawing),
4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 488 /A 488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
A 703 /A 703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
E 165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Method
E 709 Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination
4.1.3 Grade and class of steel,
4.1.4 Options in the specification, and
4.1.5 The supplementary requirements desired
including the standard of acceptance.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 All castings shall receive a heat treatment indicated
in Table 1. Preliminary heat treatment prior to final heat
treatment as well as multiple tempering is permitted.
2.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers:
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX
887
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SA-487 /SA-487M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
5.2 Heat treatment shall be performed after the castings
have been allowed to cool below the transformation range.
9.
Repair By Welding
9.1 For castings, other than those intended for use under
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, repairs shall be
made using procedures and welders qualified under Practice A 488/A 488M.
5.3 The furnace temperature for heat treating shall be
effectively controlled by use of recording-type pyrometers.
9.2 On castings intended for use under the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, repairs shall be made
by procedures and welders qualified under Section IX of
that code.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as
to chemical composition prescribed in Table 2. Product
analysis tolerance shall conform to the product analysis
tolerance shown in Specification A 703 /A 703M. Product
analysis tolerances for stainless grades are not presently
applicable pending development of these limits.
9.3 After repair welding, all castings shall be postweld
heat treated in accordance with Table 4 or reheat treated
in accordance with Table 1.
9.4 Weld repairs shall be inspected using the same
quality standards as are used to inspect the castings. Reexamination of the weld repair by radiography when Supplementary Requirement S5 has been specified will not be
necessary when an applicable surface inspection method
was used to locate the discontinuity except for the following:
7.
Tensile Requirements
7.1 Tensile properties of steel used for the castings
shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 3.
8.
Quality
8.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering
sand, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visual
examination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the
visual acceptance standards specified in the order. Visual
Method SP-55 or other visual standards may be used to
define acceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptable visual surface discontinuities shall be removed
and their removal verified by visual examination of the
resultant cavities. When methods involving high temperatures are used in the removal and repair of discontinuities,
the casting shall be preheated to at least the minimum
temperature in Table 4.
9.4.1 Weld repairs on castings which have leaked
on hydrostatic test.
9.4.2 Weld repairs on castings in which the depth
of any cavity prepared for repair welding is more than
20% of the wall thickness or 1 in. [25 mm], whichever is
smaller.
9.4.3 Weld repairs on castings in which any cavity
prepared for welding is greater than approximately 10 in.2
[65 cm2].
10. Product Marking
10.1 Castings shall be marked for material identification with the grade and class symbols (1-A, 4-C, CA15-A).
8.2 The castings shall not be peened, plugged, or
impregnated to stop leaks.
888
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-487 /SA-487M
TABLE 1
HEAT TREAT REQUIREMENT
Grade
Class
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
6
6
7
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
16
CA15
CA15
CA15
CA15
CA15M
CA6NM
CA6NM
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
A
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
A
A
B
C
D
A
A
B
Austenitizing
Temperature,
min, °F [°C]
MediaA
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1550
1550
1650
1750
1750
1750
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1550
1550
1650
1650
1750
1750
1550
1550
1550
1600
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1850
1850
A
L
A
A
L
A
A
L
A
L
L
A
L
L
A
L
L
A
L
A
L
L
A
L
A
L
A
L
A
L
L
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[845]
[845]
[900]
[955]
[955]
[955]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[870]
[845]
[845]
[900]
[900]
[955]
[955]
[845]
[845]
[845]
[870] C
[955]
[955]
[955]
[955]
[955]
[1010]
[1010]
or L
or L
or L
or L
or L
or L
or
or
or
or
or
or
or
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
Quenching Cool
Below °F[°C]
450
500
500
450
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
600
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
600
600
600
400
500
500
500
600
400
400
400
400
400
200
200
[230]
[260]
[260]
[230]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[315]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[26]
[315]
[315]
[315]
[205]
[260]
[260]
[260]
[315]
[205]
[205]
[205]
[205]
[205]
[95]
[95]
A
A p air, L p Liquid.
Minimum temperature unless range is specified.
C
Double austenitize.
D
Double temper with the final temper at a lower temperature than the intermediate temper.
E
Air cool to below 200°F [95°C] after first temper.
F
Intermediate.
G
Final.
B
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Tempering Temperature,
°F [°C]B
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1150 [620]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1150 [620]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1150 [620]
1150 [620]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1250 [675]
1250 [675]
1250 [675]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1150 [620]
1150 [620]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
1100 [595]
900 [480]
1100 [595]
1150 [620]D,E
1150 [260]D,E
1100 [595]
1050–1150 [565–620]
1225–1275 [665–690]E,F
1050–1150 [565–620]G
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890
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A
B
0.55
0.80–1.10
0.04
0.045
0.60
1.40–1.75
...
0.20–0.30
...
...
0.50
...
0.40
...
0.10
0.03
0.75
0.50
...
0.40
...
0.10
0.03
0.75
A
NickelMolybdenum
AB
NickelMolybdenum
0.30
0.80–1.10
0.04
0.045
0.60
1.40–1.75
...
0.20–0.30
...
...
14.
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.03
0.60
13.
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.03
0.60
0.05–0.38
1.30–1.70
0.04
0.045
0.80
0.40–0.80
0.40–0.80
0.30–0.40
...
...
...
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
...
0.60
0.05–0.20
0.60–1.00
0.04
0.045
0.80
0.70–1.00
0.04–0.80
0.40–0.60
0.03–0.10
0.002–0.006
0.15–0.50
0.15
1.00
0.040
0.040
1.50
1.00
11.5–14.0
0.50
...
...
0.12B
2.10B
0.02
0.02
0.50
1.00–1.40
...
...
...
...
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.05
0.50
ABCD
Martensitic
Chromium
0.20
...
0.20
0.10
0.10
0.02
0.50
CA15
A
Low Carbon
ManganeseNickel
0.50
0.50
...
...
0.10
0.03
1.00
0.05–0.33
0.60–1.00
0.04
0.045
0.80
...
0.75–1.10
0.15–0.30
...
...
...
ABCDE
ChromiumMolybdenum
9.
16.
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.03
0.60
0.05–0.20
0.50–0.90
0.04
0.045
0.80
...
2.00–2.75
0.90–1.10
...
...
...
ABC
ChromiumMolybdenum
8.
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.03
0.60
CA15M
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.03
0.50
0.05–0.20
0.50–0.80
0.04
0.045
0.60
0.70–1.10
0.50–0.80
0.45–0.65
...
...
...
AB
NickelChromiumMolybdenum
11.
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.05
0.50
0.15
1.00
0.040
0.040
0.65
1.0
11.5–14.0
0.15–1.0
...
...
A
Martensitic
Chromium
0.30
0.60 to 1.00
0.04
0.045
0.80
1.40–2.00
0.55–0.90
0.20–0.40
...
...
...
AB
NickelChromiumMolybdenum
10.
Proprietary steel composition.
For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 2.30%.
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Boron
Copper
Residual Elements:
Copper
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Vanadium
Total content of residual elements
Class Type
Grade
0.50
0.50
0.35
...
0.10
0.03
1.00
0.50
0.50
0.35
0.25
...
...
1.00
0.30
1.00
0.04
0.045
0.80
0.40–0.80
0.40–0.80
0.15–0.30
...
...
...
ABC
Vanadium
Class Type
0.30
1.00–1.40
0.04
0.045
0.80
...
...
0.10–0.30
...
...
...
ABCDE
NickelChromiumMolybdenum
ABC
ManganeseMolybdenum
0.30
1.00
0.04
0.045
0.80
...
...
...
0.04–0.12
...
...
A
NickelChromiumMolybdenumVanadiumA
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Vanadium
Boron
Copper
Residual Elements:
Copper
Nickel
Chromium
Mo + W
Tungsten
Vanadium
Total content of
residual elements
7.
6.
AB
Manganese
NickelChromiumMolybdenum
4.
2.
1.
Grade
TABLE 2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS (MAXIMUM PERCENT UNLESS RANGE IS GIVEN)
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.05
0.50
0.06
1.00
0.04
0.03
1.00
3.5–4.5
11.5–14.0
0.4–1.0
...
...
AB
Martensitic
Chromium
Nickel
CA6NM
0.50
...
...
...
0.10
0.03
0.50
0.05–0.20
0.40–0.70
0.04
0.045
0.60
0.60–1.00
0.50–0.90
0.90–1.20
...
...
...
AB
NickelChromiumMolybdenum
12.
SA-487 /SA-487M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-487 /SA-487M
TABLE 3
REQUIRED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Previous
Designation
1N
1Q
2N
2Q
4N
4Q
4QA
6N
6Q
7Q
8N
8Q
9N
9Q
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
10N
10Q
11N
11Q
12N
12Q
13N
13Q
14Q
16N
CA15A
CA15
CA15M
CA6NM
CA6NM
Grade
Class
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
6
6
7
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
16
CA15
CA15
CA15
CA15
CA15M
CA6NM
CA6NM
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
A
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
A
A
B
C
D
A
A
B
Tensile Strength,A
min, ksi [MPa]
85
90
90
85
90
90
90
105
90
100
115
115
120
115
85
105
100
90
105
90
100
115
100
125
70
105
70
105
90
105
120
70
140
90
90
100
90
110
100
[585]–110 [760]
[620]–115 [795]
[620]
[585]–110 [750]
[620]–115 [795]
[620]
[620]–115 [795]
[725]–130 [895]
[620]
[690]
[795]
[795]
[825]
[795]
[585]–110 [760]
[725]
[690]
[620]
[725]
[620]
[690]
[795]
[690]
[860]
[484]–95 [655]
[725]–130 [895]
[485]– 95 [655]
[725]–130 [895]
[620]–115 [795]
[725]–130 [895]
[825]–145 [1000]
[485]–95 [655]
[965]–170 [1170]
[620]–115 [795]
[620]
[690]
[620]–115 [795]
[760]–135 [930]
[690]
Yield Strength,
min, ksi [MPa],
at 0.2% Offset
55
65
65
53
65
65
60
85
60
75
95
80
95
100
55
85
75
60
85
60
75
95
70
100
40
85
40
85
60
85
95
40
110
65
60
75
65
80
75
[380]
[450]
[450]
[365]
[450]
[450]
[415]
[585]
[415]
[515]
[655]
[550]
[655]
[690]
[380]
[585]
[515]
[415]
[585]
[415]
[515]
[655]
[485]
[690]
[275]
[585]
[275]
[585]
[415]
[585]
[655]
[275]
[760]–130 [895]
[450]
[415]
[515]
[450]
[515]
[520]
Elongation, 2 in.
[50 mm] or 4d,
min, %
Reduction
of Area,
min, %
22
22
22
22
22
22
18
17
18
17
15
18
12
15
20
17
17
18
16
18
17
15
18
15
20
17
20
17
18
17
14
22
10
18
18
17
18
15
17
40
45
45
35
40
40
40
35
35
35
35
30
25
30
35
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
30
35
25
30
35
35
30
35
35
A
Hardness
max, HRC
Max
Thickness, in.
[mm]
22 [235]
22 [235]
22 [235]
22 [235]
2.5 [63.5]
22 [235]
22 [235]
22 [235]
22 [235]
22 [235]
23 [255]B
Minimum ksi, unless range is given.
Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Table 3a does not apply to CA6NM. The conversion given is based on CA6NM test coupons. (For
example, see ASTM STP 756.)
B
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SA-487 /SA-487M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 4
MINIMUM PRE-HEAT AND POST WELD HEAT TREAT REQUIREMENTS
Grade
1
1
2
2
4
4
6
7
8
9
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
CA15
CA15
CA15
CA15M
CA6NM
CA6NM
Class
A, B
C
A, B
C
A, B, E
C, D
A, B
A
A, B, C
A, B, E
C, D
A, B
A, B
A, B
A, B
A
A
A
B
C, D
A
A
B
Minimum Pre-Heat
Temperature, °F [°C]
200 [95]
200 [95]
200 [95]
200 [95]
200 [95]
200 [95]
300 [150]
300 [150]
300 [150]
300 [150]
300 [150]
300 [150]
300 [150]
300 [150]
400 [205]
400 [205]
50 [10]
400 [205]
400 [205]
400 [205]
400 [205]
50 [10]
50 [10]
Post Weld Heat Treat, °F [°C]
A
1100 [595] minimum
1150 [620]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1150 [620]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1150 [620]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1250 [675]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1150 [620]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1750 [955] air cool or liquid quench below 400°F [205°C] temper at 900°F [480°C] minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
1150 [620]A minimum
1100 [595]A minimum
Final temper between 1050 [565] and 1150 [620]
Intermediate PWHT between 1225 [665] and 1275 [690]
Final temper PWHT 1050 [565] and 1150 [620]B
A
Post weld heat treat temperature must be at or below the final tempering temperature.
The intermediate and final PWHT temperatures shall be the same as the intermediate and final tempering temperatures, respectively, as
the original heat treatment of the castings. Cool to below 200°F (95°C) between the intermediate and final PWHT.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-487 /SA-487M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
is included in Specification A 703/A 703M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable
for use with this specification are given below. Others enumerated in Specification
A 703/A 703M may be used with this specification upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.
S8.1.2 Impact requirements for grades other than
1B, 2B, 4B, 6B, 7A, 8B, 9B, and 10B shall be agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S1. Unspecified Elements
S4. Magnetic Particle Inspection
S5. Radiographic Inspection
S8. Charpy Impact Test
S8.1 In addition to the requirements listed in S8 of
Specification A 703 / A 703M, the following specific
requirements apply to this specification:
S8.1.1 When S8 is specified for Grades 1B, 2B,
4B, 6B, 7A, 8B, 9B, or 10B, impact properties shall be
determined by performing a Charpy V-notch impact test
at −50°F [−46°C] with a specific minimum average value
of 15 ft-lb [20 J] and a specified minimum single value of
10 ft-lb [14 J]. Other temperatures may be used upon
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser,
in which case S8.1.3 shall apply. Other higher specified
minimum average and single values may be used upon
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S8.1.3 When an impact test temperature other than
−50°F [−46°C] is used for those grades listed in S8.1.1,
the lowest test temperature at which the material meets
the impact requirements shall be stamped with low stress
stamps immediately ahead of the material symbol on the
raised pad (for example, 25 10B for +25°F [−4°C] and 025
10B for −25°F [−32°C]).
S10.
Examination of Weld Preparation
S10.1 The method of performing the magnetic particle
or liquid penetrant test shall be in accordance with Practice
E 709 or Practice E 165.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-494 /SA-494M
SPECIFICATION FOR CASTINGS, NICKEL AND
NICKEL ALLOY
SA-494 /SA-494M
(Identical with Section II, Part B, SA-494 /SA-494M-05 except that Certification has been made mandatory, marking requires ASME designation.)
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-508/SA-508M
SPECIFICATION FOR QUENCHED AND TEMPERED
VACUUM-TREATED CARBON AND ALLOY STEEL
FORGINGS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS
SA-508/SA-508M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 508/A 508M-05b)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers quenched and tempered
vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure
vessels such as those used in reactor systems. Specifically,
it covers forgings for vessel closures, shells, flanges, tube
sheets, rings, heads, and similar parts.
1.2 All grades are considered weldable under proper
conditions. Welding technique is of fundamental importance, and it is presupposed that welding procedure and
inspection will be in accordance with approved methods
for the grade of material used.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the
inch-pound units.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 275/A 275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 388/A 388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of
Heavy Steel Forgings
A 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General
Requirements
A 966/A 966M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings Using Alternating Current
E 208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels
E 428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Steel Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Examination
NOTE 1: Grades 1 and 1A are composed of different chemistries but
have the same mechanical requirements.
NOTE 2: Designations have been changed as follows:
Current
Formerly
Grade 1
Grade 1A
Grade 2 Class 1
Grade 2 Class 2
Grade 3 Class 1
Grade 3 Class 2
Grade 4N Class 1
Grade 4N Class 2
Grade 4N Class 3
Grade 5 Class 1
Grade 5 Class 2
Grade 22 Class 3
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6,
and 7
Grade 3V
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 Purchase Order—In addition to the ordering information required by Specification A 788/A 788M, the purchaser shall include with the inquiry and order a detailed
drawing that locates the areas of significant loading in
the forging (when required), the method of selecting test
locations (see 6.1.5 and 6.1.6), and purchase options (see
Class 3V
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2.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Standard:
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code—Section III, Articles NB
2300, NC 2300, ND 2300, NE 2300, NF 2300, NG 2300
1
1A
2
2A
3
3A
4
4A
4B
5
5A
22B
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SA-508/SA-508M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
4.2.2, 6.2, and 10.1) and any supplementary requirements
desired.
4N, Classes 1 and 3, the austenitizing temperature shall
be 1540°F [840°C] min to 1640°F [895°C] max. Quenching
shall be followed by tempering at a subcritical temperature
and holding at this temperature for a minimum time of
one-half hour per inch of maximum section thickness.
Except when Supplementary Requirement S13 is specified
for Grades 2 and 3, the minimum tempering temperatures
shall be as follows:
3.2 Forging Drawing—Each forging shall be manufactured in accordance with a purchaser-approved drawing
showing the prequenched dimensions, the finished dimensions, the surfaces that will be subjected to significant
loading, and the locations of mechanical test specimens.
3.3 Material supplied to this specification shall conform
to the requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M, which
outlines additional ordering information, manufacturing
requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification, product analysis variations,
and additional supplementary requirements.
3.3.1 When specified by the purchaser, it is permissible to perform Magnetic particle examination using the
AC yoke in accordance with Test Method A 966/A 966M
instead of using Test Method A 275/A 275M (see 8.2.1).
Grades 1, 1A, 2 Class 2, and 3 Class 2
Grades 2 Class 1 and 3 Class 1
Grades 4N Classes 1 and 2, and 5
Classes 1 and 2
Grade 4N Class 3
Grades 3V and 3VCb
Grade 22, Class 3
Grade 22, Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7
1125°F
1250°F
1200°F
1100°F
[605°C]
[675°C]
[650°C]
[593°C]
Specific cooling rates from the tempering temperature
shall be applied if Supplementary Requirement S14 is specified.
3.4 The optional minimum silicon content as expressed
in Footnote B to Table 1, if required.
4.3 For Grades 1, 1A, 2, 2A, 3, or 3A, a multiple stage
austenitizing procedure may be used whereby the forging
is first fully austenitized and liquid quenched, followed
by reheating within the intercritical temperature range to
partially reaustenitize and again liquid quenched. On completion of the austenitizing/quenching cycles, the forgings
shall be tempered at a subcritical temperature as described
in 4.2.2.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Melting Process:
4.1.1 The steel shall be made by the basic electricfurnace process except when secondary ladle refining or the
remelting process is employed, in which case the melting
processes of Specification A 788/A 788M are permitted.
4.1.2 The molten steel shall be vacuum treated in
accordance with the methods described in Specification
A 788/A 788M, prior to or during the pouring of the ingot,
in order to remove objectionable gases, particularly
hydrogen.
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7 liquid steel shall be
produced to a fine grain melting practice which has been
shown to result in a prior austenitic grain size of five
or finer.
4.1.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made
from each ingot to secure freedom from piping and excessive segregation.
5.
Chemical Composition
5.1 Heat Analysis—The heat analysis obtained from
sampling in accordance with Specification A 788/A 788M
shall comply with Table 1 except that the additional features of Supplementary Requirements S7, S8, S9, and S11
shall also apply as individually specified in the ordering
information.
5.2 Product Analysis—The manufacturer shall use the
product analysis provision of Specification A 788/A 788M
to obtain a product analysis from a forging representing
each heat or multiple heat. The permissible variations provided in the table on Permissible Variations in Product
Analysis for Killed Steel in Specification A 788/A 788M
apply for manganese, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and
vanadium only. Boron is not subject to product analysis.
The purchaser may also make this determination in accordance with Specification A 788/A 788M.
4.2 Heat Treatment:
4.2.1 Preliminary Heat Treatment—After forging
and before reheating, the forgings shall be cooled to provide
substantially complete transformation of austenite. Preliminary heat treatment may be applied to improve machinability and to enhance subsequent heat treatments.
4.2.2 Heat Treatment for Mechanical Properties—
The forgings shall be heated to a temperature which produces an austenitic structure and then quenched in a suitable liquid medium by spraying or immersion. For Grade
6.
Mechanical Properties
6.1 Tension Test:
6.1.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements of
Table 2.
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1150°F [620°C]
1200°F [650°C]
1100°F [595°C]
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NOTE 4: A test prolongation is defined as that integral test metal located
at an end of the forging or forging multiples.
6.1.2 The location and number of tension test specimens for each forging or multiple forging shall be as
follows:
6.1.3 Samples for mechanical test specimen shall be
removed from forgings after the quenching and tempering
heat treatment. The sample material shall be subjected to
a simulated post weld heat treatment if Supplementary
Requirement S1 is specified.
6.1.2.1 Multiple Forgings Separated into Identical
Individual Forgings with Rough Machined Weights not
Exceeding 1000 lb [455 kg] Prior to Quenching and Tempering Treatment—At least one individual forging from
each multiple forging in each heat-treating lot shall be
tested using the test specimen locations of 6.1.5 or 6.1.6 as
specified on the purchase orders, except that test specimens
located at midlength may be closer to the ends of the
production forging than the specified distance to the second
surfaces. All forgings shall be quenched and tempered in
the same furnace charge. All forgings from the multiple
shall be Brinell hardness tested after heat treatment and
forgings not tested for mechanical properties shall have a
Brinell Hardness within 20 points of the Brinell Hardness
of the forging that has been tested for mechanical properties.
6.1.4 For upset disk forgings, the longitudinal axis
of the test specimens shall be in the tangential direction.
For all other parts, the longitudinal axis of the specimens
shall be parallel to the direction of major working of the
forging.
6.1.5 Each forging shall be manufactured in accordance with a purchaser-approved drawing, showing the
prequenched dimensions, the finished dimensions, the surfaces that will be subjected to critical stresses, and the
location of mechanical test specimens.
6.1.6 The tension test specimens shall be positioned
so that the longitudinal axis and mid-length is in accordance
with one of the following methods:
6.1.2.2 Forgings or Multiple Forgings (Note 3)
with Rough Machined Weights Less than 10 000 lb
[4540 kg] and Having a Heat-Treated Length (Exclusive
of Test Prolongation) of 80 in. [2032 mm] or Less—A test
prolongation (Note 4) shall be located at one end. One
tension test specimen shall be taken from the test prolongation.
6.1.6.1 Method 1—t by 2t, where t is the distance
from the area of significant loading (see 3.1) to the nearest
quenched surface. However, they shall not be nearer to
one quenched surface than 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] and to the second
quenched surface than 11⁄2 in. [40 mm].
6.1.6.2 Method 2—1⁄4 T by T, where T is the maximum thickness of the forging as heat treated. Where this
method of testing is employed, the following limitations
for as-treated thickness shall generally apply:
6.1.2.3 Forgings or Multiple Forgings with Rough
Machined Weights Less than 10 000 lb [4540 kg] and
Having a Heat-Treated Length (Exclusive of Test Prolongations) Exceeding 80 in. [2032 mm]—A test prolongation
shall be located at each end. One tension test specimen
shall be taken from each test prolongation. An orientation
of 180° shall be established between the two tension test
specimens.
Grades 1 and 1a
Grades 2 Class 2 and 3 Class 2
Grades 2 Class 1 and 3 Class 1
Grade 4N Class 2 and 5 Class 2
Grade 4N Class 1 and 5 Class 1
Grade 4N Class 3
Grades 3V and 3VCb
Grade 22 Class 3
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7
6.1.2.4 Forgings or Multiple Forgings with Rough
Machined Weights Over 10 000 lb [4540 kg] and Having
a Heat-Treated Length (Exclusive of Test Prolongation)
of 80 in. [2032 mm] or Less—A test prolongation shall be
located at one end. Two tension test specimens shall be
taken from the test prolongation and shall be oriented
180° apart.
3 in. [75 mm], max
6 in. [150 mm], max
8 in. [205 mm], max
16 in. [405 mm], max
30 in. [760 mm], max
40 in. [1015 mm], max
20 in. [510 mm], max
20 in. [510 mm], max
12 in. [305 mm], max
6.1.6.3 Method 3—Test specimens shall be taken
from a representative separate test forging made from the
same heat of steel and shall receive substantially the same
reduction and type of hot working as the production forgings that it represents and shall be of the same nominal
thickness as the as-quenched production forgings. The separate test forging shall be heat treated in the same furnace
charge and under the same conditions as the production
forgings. Test specimens shall be removed from the region
midway between the mid-thickness and the surface, and
not closer than T to a second heat treated surface with the
same limitation on forging thickness as in 6.1.6.2. This
method shall be limited to forgings with a rough machined
weight of not more than 1000 lb [455 kg].
6.1.2.5 Forgings or Multiple Forgings with Rough
Machined Weights Over 10 000 lb [4540 kg] and Having
a Heat-Treated Length (Exclusive of Test Prolongations)
Exceeding 80 in. [2032 mm]—A test prolongation shall
be located at each end. The tension test specimens oriented
180° apart from each other shall be taken from each test
prolongation. The two tension specimens located in one
test prolongation shall be oriented 90° in relation to the two
tension specimens located in the other test prolongation.
NOTE 3: Multiple forgings in 6.1.2.2 through 6.1.2.5 are those which
will be separated after the quench and temper treatment.
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SA-508/SA-508M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
6.1.6.4 Method 4—A thermal buffer ring, at least
T by T in cross section, or segments of such a ring at least
3T in length, shall be welded to the test end of a forging
prior to heat treatment for mechanical properties. The
buffer material may be any weldable carbon or low-alloy
steel and shall be joined to the forging with a partialpenetration type weld which completely seals the buffered
surface. The test coupons shall be removed from the forging
in the region buffered by the ring or ring segments. If ring
segments are used, the test coupons shall be removed from
the forging in the area under the buffer ring segment at a
minimum distance of T from each end of that segment. In
either case, the test specimens shall be located at a minimum distance of 1⁄2 in. [13 mm] from the buffered surface
of the forging, and at least 1⁄4 T from a quenched surface
of the forging.
shall be conducted by the manufacturer. Forgings shall be
free of cracks, thermal ruptures, or other injurious indications.
NOTE 5: For forgings with a maximum thickness of 2 in. [50 mm], the
specimens shall be taken at midthickness and at least 2 in. from a second
surface. This provision is applicable to all four methods in 6.1.6.
8.2.2.2 Four or more indications exceeding 1⁄16 in.
[1.6 mm] in major dimensions that are aligned and separated by 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm] or less end to end.
8.2 Magnetic Particle Inspection:
8.2.1 Following final machining by the manufacturer
all accessible surfaces of each forging shall be examined
by the continuous current magnetic particle method. This
examination shall be in accordance with Test Method
A 275/A 275M unless the purchaser has required the use
of the AC yoke in accordance with Test Method
A 966/A 966M instead (see 3.3.1).
8.2.2 The following conditions are subject to rejection or removal:
8.2.2.1 Indications with major dimension
exceeding 3⁄16 in. [4.8 mm].
6.1.7 Tension specimens shall be the standard 0.5
in. [12.5 mm] round by 2 in. [50 mm] gauge length, as
shown in Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
8.2.2.3 Ten or more indications exceeding 1⁄16 in.
[1.6 mm] in major dimensions contained in any 6 in.2 [39
cm2] of surface, with the major dimension of this area not
to exceed 6 in. [150 mm]. The area shall be taken in the
most unfavorable location relative to the indications being
evaluated.
6.2 Impact Test—The steel shall conform to the requirements of Table 3, or Supplementary Requirement S10 may
be specified instead of these requirements.
6.2.1 Number, Location, and Orientation of Specimens:
8.3 Ultrasonic Inspection—Forgings shall be ultrasonically inspected in accordance with the procedures of Practice A 388/A 388M.
6.2.1.1 One set of three Charpy V-notch specimens shall be taken from each tensile specimen location
required in 6.1.2. Orientation shall be the same as in 6.1.4.
When S10 is specified, the required number of tests shall
be governed by NB, NC, ND, NE, NF, or NG 2300, as
applicable.
8.3.1 Longitudinal Wave Inspection:
8.3.1.1 Unless otherwise specified by Supplementary Requirement S2, the back reflection method of tuning
shall be used in accordance with 7.2.2.1 of Practice
A 388/A 388M. In addition to the reportable conditions in
Section 7 of Practice A 388 / A 388M, indications
exceeding the resultant back reflection shall be recorded.
The following conditions are considered rejectable:
6.2.1.2 The requirements of 6.1.3 also apply to
impact specimens.
6.2.1.3 The longitudinal axis and mid-length of
the impact specimen shall be located similarly to the longitudinal axis of the tension test specimens as defined in
6.1.6. The axis of the notch shall be normal to the nearest
heat-treated surface of the forging. When S10 is specified
the orientation shall be governed by NB, NC, ND, NE,
NF, or NG 2300.
6.2.2 Impact specimens shall be Charpy V-notch as
shown in Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
7.
8.3.1.2 Complete loss of back reflection not associated with forging configuration or surface and accompanied by an indication of a discontinuity. For this purpose,
a back reflection less than 5% of full screen height shall
be considered complete loss of back reflection.
8.3.1.3 Indications whose amplitude equals or
exceeds that of the back reflection established in an indication-free area of the forging.
8.3.2 Angle Beam Inspection:
8.3.2.1 Calibration notches shall be cut into the
inside- and outside-diameter surfaces with a depth equal
to 3% of the nominal section thickness (or 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm],
max), a length of approximately 1 in. [25 mm], and a width
not greater than twice its depth. Adjust instrument controls
to obtain an indication from the inside-diameter notch
Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements
7.1 See requirements in 8.1, 8.2.2, 8.3.1.1, and 8.3.2.2.
8.
Nondestructive Inspection Requirements
8.1 General Requirements—Dimensional and visual
inspections, and magnetic particle and ultrasonic inspection
900
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approximately 75% of full screen height. Measure the
amplitude of indication from the outside-diameter notch.
Draw a straight line on the shield in front of the cathode
ray tube from this peak to that of the inside-diameter notch
and continue it as a horizontal line to the initial pulse. This
line constitutes the angle beam reference line.
SA-508/SA-508M
10. Certification and Reports
10.1 In addition to items to be reported by Specification
A 788/A 788M, the following items shall also be reported:
10.1.1 Product chemical analysis,
10.1.2 The method used for locating test specimens, and
8.3.2.2 A forging containing a discontinuity which
results in an indication exceeding the amplitude of the
reference line is subject to rejection.
10.1.3 Sketches showing the locations of all
recordable indications in the report of all nondestructive
examinations.
NOTE 6: Signals from discontinuities within approximately 1⁄4 in.
[6.4 mm] of inside and outside surfaces are reinforced by wave trapping
during angle beam inspection; they are therefore amplified in respect to
internal discontinuities.
10.1.3.1 If Test Method A 966/A 966M has been
used, this also shall be recorded in the certification.
10.1.4 Details of the heat treatment cycle, as listed
in Specification A 788/A 788M.
8.3.3 The report of the ultrasonic inspection shall be
in compliance with Section 8 of Practice A 388/A 388M.
8.3.4 Additional nondestructive inspection or trepanning may be employed to resolve questions of interpretation of ultrasonic indications. The manufacturer shall
accept responsibility for injurious indications which will
not be removed in final machining.
11. Product Marking
11.1 The purchaser may specify additional identification marking and the location of the stamping. The type
of stamps to be used when impression stamping is performed shall be round-nosed or “interrupted-dot” die
stamps having a minimum radius of 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm].
9.
Repair Welding
9.1 Repair welding of forgings may be permitted, but
only at the option of the purchaser.
12. Keywords
12.1 chromium-molybdenum steel; nickel-chromiummolybdenum alloy steels; pressure vessel service;
quenched and tempered steels; steel forgings—alloy; steel
forgings— carbon; vacuum-treated steels
9.2 If repair welding is performed, welders and weld
procedures shall be qualified in accordance with Section
IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Grade
1
Grade
1A
Grade
2
Grade
3
Grade
4N
Grade
5
Grade
22 (A)
0.35 max
0.40–1.05
0.025 max
0.025 max
0.40 max
0.30 max
0.70–1.35
0.025 max
0.025 max
0.40 max
0.27 max
0.50–1.00
0.025 max
0.025 max
0.40 max
0.25 max
1.20–1.50
0.025 max
0.025 max
0.40 max
0.23 max
0.20–0.40
0.020 max
0.020 max
0.40 max
0.23 max
0.20–0.40
0.020 max
0.020 max
0.30 max
0.11–0.15
0.30–0.60
0.015 max
0.015 max
0.35 max
0.10–0.15
0.30–0.60
0.020 max
0.020 max
0.10 max
0.10–0.15
0.30–0.60
0.020 max
0.010 max
0.10 max
0.28–0.33
0.75–1.15
0.025 max
0.025 max
0.35 max
Nickel
0.40 max
Chromium
0.25 max
Molybdenum 0.10 max
0.40 max
0.25 max
0.10 max
0.50–1.00 0.40–1.00 2.8–3.9
2.8–3.9
0.25–0.45 0.25 max 1.50–2.00 1.50–2.00
0.55–0.70 0.45–0.60 0.40–0.60 0.40–0.60
...
2.8–3.3
0.90–1.10
0.25 max
2.7–3.3
0.90–1.10
0.75–0.95
0.70–1.00
0.30–0.45
Vanadium
Columbium
0.05 max
0.01 max
0.05 max
0.01 max
0.05 max
0.01 max
0.03 max
0.01 max
0.08 max
0.01 max
0.25 max
2.00–2.50
0.90–1.10
max
0.02 max
0.01 max
0.20–0.30
0.01 max
0.20–0.30
0.015–0.070
0.05 max
0.01 max
0.20 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
0.20 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
0.20 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
0.25 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
0.25 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
0.25 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
0.25 max
0.015 max
0.001–0.003
0.015–0.035
0.015 max
0.25 max
0.0005–0.0150
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.015 max
0.25 max
0.015 max
0.003 max
0.015 max
0.025 max
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon (B)
0.05 max
0.01 max
Copper
0.20 max
Calcium
0.015 max
Boron
0.003 max
Titanium
0.015 max
Aluminum (C)0.025 max
Grade
3V
Grade
3VCb
Grade
6
NOTES:
(A) For Grade 22 Classes 5, 6, and 7 with section thickness at heat treat of 8 in. or greater, the carbon and manganese shall be held to 0.13 to
0.15 and 0.50 to 0.60, respectively.
(B) When required by the purchaser a minimum silicon content of 0.15% shall apply for Grades 1, 1A, 2, 3, and 4N.
(C) Aluminum content reported shall be the combined total soluble and insoluble aluminum.
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70–95
[485–
655]
80–105
[550–
725]
90–115
[620–
795]
105–130 115–140 90–115
[725–
[795–
[620–
895]
965]
795]
85–110
[585–
760]
Grades
4N Class
2 and 5 Grade 4N Grade 22
Class 2 Class 3
Class 3
85–110
[585–
760]
Grades
3V and
3VCb
85–110
[585–
760]
Grade 6
Class 1
95–120
[655–
825]
Grade 6
Class 2
95–120
[655–
825]
Class 7
100–125 105–130
[690–
[725–
860]
895]
Grade 6 Grade 22 Grade 22 Grade 22
Class 4 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
100–125 105–130 85–110
[690–
[725–
[585–
860]
895]
760]
Grade 6
Class 3
20
38
Elongation in 2
in. or 50 mm,
min, %
Reduction of area,
min, %
38
18
35
16
45
18
45
16
48
20
45
18
45
18
35
20
35
18
35
18
35
18
35
20
35
18
35
18
35
18
Yield strength,
36 [250] 50 [345] 65 [450] 85 [585] 100 [690]70 [485] 55 [380] 60 [415] 60 [415] 75 [515] 80 [550] 85 [585] 60 [415] 75 [515] 80 [550] 85 [585]
min [0.2 % offset], ksi [MPa]
Tensile strength,
ksi [MPa]
Grades 2 Grades 2 Grades 4N
Class 1 Class 2
Class 1
Grades 1 and 3
and 3
and 5
and 1a
Class 1 Class 2
Class 1
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-508/SA-508M
903
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NOTE:
(A) Not more than one specimen from a set may be below this value.
Minimum average value of set of three specimens, ftWlbf (J) (A)
Minimum value of one specimen, ft lbf (J)
15 [20]
10 [14]
Grades 1 and 1a
at +40°F
[4.4°C]
30 [41]
25 [34]
Grades 2 Class 1
and 3 Class 1 at
+40°F [4.4°C]
35 [48]
30 [41]
Grades 2 Class 2
and 3 Class 2 at
+70°F [21°C]
TABLE 3
CHARPY IMPACT REQUIREMENTS
35 [48]
30 [41]
Grades 4N
(all classes)
and 5 (all
classes) at
−20°F
[−29°C]
40 [54]
35 [50]
Grade 22,
Class 3,
and
Grades
3V and
3VCb at
0°F
[−18°C]
20 [27]
15 [20]
Grade 6
Classes
1, 2, 3,
and 4
at
−75°F
[−59°C]
40 [55]
35 [50]
Grade 22
Classes
4, 5, 6,
and 7 at
−75°F
[−60°C]
SA-508/SA-508M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-508/SA-508M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified
by the purchaser in the inquiry or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall
be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
energy curve. The test-temperature range shall be wide
enough to establish the upper and lower shelf foot-pound
energies, with sufficient testing at intermediate temperatures to permit plotting a reasonably smooth curve.
S1.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Samples
S1.1 All test coupons shall be subjected to single or
multiple heat treatments at subcritical temperatures prior
to testing. Such treatments are intended to simulate postweld or other treatments to which the forgings will be
subjected during subsequent fabrication. The purchaser
shall furnish the manufacturer with details of the desired
heat treatment for the test coupons, including temperatures,
timers, and cooling rates.
S4. Additional Charpy Data
S4.1 The percent shear fracture and mils of lateral
expansion, defined in Test Methods and Definitions A 370,
shall be reported for each Charpy specimen tested.
S4.2 Acceptance values for percent shear fracture and/
or lateral expansion values shall be as specified by the
purchaser.
S2.
Ultrasonic Testing-Reference Block Calibration
(for examining sections 24 in. [610 mm] thick
or less)
S2.1 Reference blocks of acoustically similar metal
shall be used for calibration. Blocks shall meet one of the
following requirements:
S5. Alternative Impact Test
S5.1 Charpy impact tests shall be made in accordance
with the provisions of 6.2 of the specification except that
the test temperature shall be lower than specified in Table
3. This test shall be instead of that specified in 6.2.
S2.1.1 A comparison of the back reflections between
equivalent thicknesses of the reference block material and
the actual forging to be tested, without change in instrument
setting shall not show a variation in excess of 25%.
S6. Drop-Weight Test
S6.1 Drop-weight tests shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of Test Method E 208. The
fracture plane of the specimens shall coincide with the
location required for other mechanical test specimens as
specified by the purchaser in accordance with 6.1.6. However, since the drop weight specimen can be taken in any
orientation, the fracture plane of the specimen when tested
to Method 1 (6.1.6.1) shall be a minimum distance of 7⁄16 in.
[11 mm] from the nearest quenched surface, and 11⁄2 in.
[38 mm] from any second surface. The purchaser may
specify either duplicate no-break performance when tested
10°F [6°C] warmer than a specified temperature or request
a determination of the NDT temperature.
S2.1.2 The reference blocks shall be manufactured
from steel that is similar in chemistry and processing history to the production forging being tested. The reference
blocks shall be fabricated in accordance with the procedures of Practice E 428.
S2.2 For test sections up to 12 in. [305 mm] thick, the
reference blocks shall contain a 1⁄4 in. [6.4 mm] diameter
flat-bottom hole; for over 12 to 18 in. [305 to 457 mm],
the hole diameter shall be 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm]; and for over 18
to 24 in. [457 to 610 mm], it shall be 1⁄2 in. [13 mm].
S2.3 A distance-amplitude correction curve shall be
established for the proper grade of steel and specified
hole size.
S2.4 A forging containing one or more indications
equal in amplitude to that of the applicable reference hole,
when properly corrected for distance, is subject to rejection.
S7. Restrictive Chemistry for Grades 4N and 5
S7.1 Phosphorus and sulfur limits for Grades 4N and
5 shall be 0.015% maximum heat and 0.018% maximum
product.
S3. Charpy V-Notch Impact Transition Curve
S3.1 Sufficient impact tests shall be made from the
forging test material to establish a temperature-absorbed
S8. Additional Vanadium
S8.1 The vanadium content for Grade 5 forgings shall
be 0.05 to 0.15%.
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S13.
S9. Restrictive Chemistry for Grades 2, 3, or 4N
S9.1 Grades 2, 3, or 4N shall be specified with restricted
phosphorus and copper limits, as follows:
S9.1.1 P 0.012 maximum heat and 0.015 maximum
product; Cu 0.10 maximum heat and product, or
S9.1.2 P 0.015 maximum heat and 0.018 maximum
product; Cu 0.15 maximum heat and product.
Minimum Tempering Temperature
S13.1 For Grades 2 Class 1 and 3 Class 1 the minimum
tempering temperature shall be 1175°F [635°C] and the
simulated post weld heat treatment temperature shall not
exceed 1150°F [620°C] when S1 is required.
S9.2 Grades 2, 3, 4N shall be specified with restricted
sulfur of 0.015 heat and 0.018 product.
S14.
Cooling from the Tempering Temperature
S14.1 The purchaser shall provide specific cooling rates
from the tempering temperature.
S10. Alternative Fracture Toughness Requirements
S10.1 The fracture toughness requirements (drop
weight and Charpy impact tests) for materials of the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Articles
NB-2300, NC-2300, ND-2300, NE-2300, NF-2300, or
NG-2300, as specified, shall be used instead of the Charpy
impact test requirements of this specification.
S15.
Product Analysis
S15.1 More than one forging per heat shall be subject
to product analysis by either the manufacturer or purchaser.
The purchaser shall indicate in the ordering information
the number of forgings to be tested, and whether the manufacturer, purchaser, or both shall perform the additional
analyses.
S11. Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steels
S11.1 Material made to Grades 1, 1a, 2, 3, 4N, or 5 shall
be vacuum carbon-deoxidized, in which case the silicon
content shall be 0.10% max. The test report shall indicate
that the steel was vacuum carbon-deoxidized.
S16.
S12. Vacuum-Treated Basic Oxygen Furnace Steels
S12.1 For Grades 1, 1a, 2, or 3 material, vacuumtreated basic oxygen furnace steel shall be used.
Silicon Content
S16.1 The silicon content shall be 0.05 to 0.15% as a
result of ladle refining with aluminum as the deoxidizer.
Use of Vacuum Ladle Degassing is optional.
906
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
SPECIFICATION FOR
ELECTRIC-RESISTANCE-WELDED CARBON AND
ALLOY STEEL MECHANICAL TUBING
SA-513
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 513-00 except that Supplementary Requirements S6 and either S7 or S8 at the manufacturer’s option are
mandatory.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers electric-resistance-welded
carbon and alloy steel tubing for use as mechanical tubing.
1.2 This specification covers mechanical tubing made
from hot- or cold-rolled steel.
E 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Longitudinal
Welded Pipe and Tubing
E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel
Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
E 570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular Products
1.3 This specification covers round, square, rectangular,
and special shape tubing.
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B 46.1 Surface Texture
Type
Electric-ResistanceWelded Tubing
from Hot-Rolled
Steel
Electric-ResistanceWelded Tubing
from Cold-Rolled
Steel
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment and Storage
Size Range
(Round Tubing)
outside diameter from 1⁄2 to
15 in. (19.0 to 381.0 mm)
wall from 0.065 to 0.650 in.
(1.65 to 16.50 mm)
outside diameter from 3⁄8 to
12 in. (9.92 to 304.8 mm)
wall from 0.022 to 0.134 in.
(0.71 to 3.40 mm)
2.4 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following as required to adequately describe
the desired material:
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided
and when desired, shall be so stated in the order.
3.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (electric resistance-welded
carbon or alloy steel mechanical tubing),
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
regarded as the standard.
3.1.3 Type, description and code letters, (Section 1
and 12.1),
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
E 1806 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition
E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
and Tubing
3.1.4 Thermal condition, (12.2),
3.1.5 Flash condition, (12.3),
3.1.6 Grade designation, if required, (Section 5),
3.1.7 Report chemical analysis and product analysis,
if required (Sections 6 and 7),
3.1.8 Individual supplementary requirements, if
required (S1 to S10, inclusive),
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
3.1.9 Cross section (round, square, rectangular and
special shapes),
5.2 When a carbon steel grade is ordered under this
specification, supplying an alloy grade that specifically
requires the addition of any element other than those listed
for the ordered grade in Tables 1 and 2 is not permitted.
3.1.10 Dimensions, round, outside and inside and
wall thickness (see 8.1 and 8.2) or square and rectangular,
outside dimension and wall thickness and corner radii, if
required (see 9.1 and 9.2),
6.
Heat Analysis
6.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by
the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of
the elements specified; if secondary melting processes are
employed, the heat analysis shall be obtained from one
remelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of
each primary melt. The heat analysis shall conform to the
requirements specified, except that where the heat identity
has not been maintained or where the analysis is not sufficiently complete to permit conformance to be determined,
the chemical composition determined from a product analysis made by the tubular manufacturer shall conform to the
requirements specified for heat analysis. When requested
in the order or contract, a report of such analysis shall be
furnished to the purchaser.
3.1.11 Surface finish (see 11.2),
3.1.12 Length, round, mill lengths or definite cut
length (see 8.3), square and rectangular, specified length
(see 9.4),
3.1.13 Squareness of cut, round tubing, if required,
(see 8.4),
3.1.14 Burrs removed, if required (see 11.3),
3.1.15 Protective coating (see 14.1),
3.1.16 Special packaging (see 17.1),
3.1.17 Specification designation,
3.1.18 End use,
3.1.19 Special requirements,
3.1.20 Special marking (Section 16), and
7.
Product Analysis
7.1 When requested on the purchase order, a product
analysis shall be made by the supplier. The number and
source of samples for such product analysis shall be based
on the individual heat or lot identity of one of the following
forms of material:
7.1.1 Heat Identity Maintained —One product analysis per heat shall be made on either the flat-rolled stock
or tube.
7.1.2 Heat Identity Not Maintained —A product from
one tube per 2000 ft (610 m) or less for sizes over 3 in.
(76.2 mm), and one tube per 5000 ft (150 m) or less for
sizes 3 in. and under.
3.1.21 Straightness Test Method (see 8.5 and 9.6).
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The steel may be made by any process.
4.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the
purchaser, it shall be as stated on the purchase order.
4.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate
degassing or refining, and may be followed by secondary
melting, such as electroslag or vacuum-arc remelting. If
secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined
as all of the ingots remelted from a single primary heat.
7.2 Samples for product analysis except for spectrochemical analysis shall be taken in accordance with Practice E 1806. The composition thus determined shall
correspond to the requirements of Tables 1-3.
4.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast.
When steel of different grades is sequentially strand cast,
identification of the resultant transition material is required.
The producer shall remove the transition material by an
established procedure that positively separates the grades.
7.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests
of two additional lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes shall
be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall
meet the requirements of the specification; otherwise, all
remaining material in the heat or lot shall be rejected or,
at the option of the producer, each length of flat-rolled
stock or tube may be individually tested for acceptance.
Lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes which do not meet
the requirements of the specification shall be rejected.
4.5 Tubes shall be made by the electric-resistancewelded process and shall be made from hot- or cold-rolled
steel as specified.
5.
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Chemical Composition
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
chemical composition prescribed in Tables 1 and 2. If no
grade is specified, Grades MT 1010 to MT 1020 may be
furnished. Analyses of steels other than those listed are
available. To determine their availability, the purchaser
should contact the producer.
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8.
Permissible Variations in Dimensions for
Round Tubing
8.1 Diameter and Wall Thickness (Hot-Rolled Steel) —
Variations from specified outside diameter for “as-welded”
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
and “as-welded and annealed” tubing made from hot-rolled
steel shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Table 4.
Permissible variations in outside diameter for tubing that
has been sink-drawn for closer tolerance on outside diameter are shown in Table 5. Permissible variations in wall
thickness for tubing that has been sink-drawn for closer
tolerances on outside diameters are ±10% of the nominal
wall or ±0.010 in. (0.25 mm), whichever is greater. Permissible variations in wall thickness for tubing made from
hot-rolled steel are shown in Table 6. Permissible variation
in outside and inside diameter for tubing made from hotrolled steel that has been mandrel drawn for closer tolerances are shown in Table 5 with wall tolerances shown in
Table 7.
SA-513
8.6.1 In such cases for Types 1 and 2 (A.W.H.R.
and A.W.C.R.) the ovality may be 50% greater than the
outside tolerances but the mean outside diameter shall be
within the specified tolerance.
8.6.2 For Types 3, 4, 5, and 6 (S.D.H.R., S.D.C.R.,
M.D., and S.S.I.D.) the additional ovality shall be as follows but the mean outside diameter shall be within the
specified tolerance:
Outside Diameter, in. (mm)
Up to 2 (50.8), incl.
Over 2 to 3 (50.8 to 76.2), incl.
Over 3 to 4 (76.2 to 101.6), incl.
Over 4 to 5 (101.6 to 127.0), incl.
Over 5 to 6 (127.0 to 152.4), incl.
Over 6 to 7 (152.4 to 177.8), incl.
Over 7 to 8 (177.8 to 203.2), incl.
Over 8 to 9 (203.2 to 228.6), incl.
Over 9 to 10 (228.6 to 254.0), incl.
Over 10 to 11 (254.0 to 279.4), incl.
Over 11 to 12 (279.4 to 304.8), incl.
Over 12 to 12.500 (304.8 to 317.5), incl.
8.2 Diameter and Wall Thickness (Cold-Rolled Steel) —
Variations in outside diameter and inside diameter of “aswelded” and “as-welded and annealed” tubing made from
cold-rolled steel are shown in Table 8. Outside diameter
tolerances for cold-rolled steel tubing, sink drawn and mandrel drawn, are shown in Table 5. Wall thickness tolerances
for “as-welded” tubing made from cold-rolled steel are
shown in Table 9. Permissible variations in wall thickness
for round tubing, mandrel drawn for closer tolerances, are
shown in Table 7. Permissible variations in wall thickness
for tubing that has been sink-drawn for closer tolerances on
outside diameter are ±10% of the nominal wall or ±0.010 in.
(0.25 mm), whichever is greater.
9.
Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Square
and Rectangular Tubing
9.1 Diameter and Wall Thickness —Permissible variations in outside dimensions for square and rectangular tubing shall be as given in Table 13. The wall thickness
tolerance is ±10% of the nominal wall thickness.
8.3 Length (Hot- and Cold-Rolled Steel) —Mechanical
tubing is commonly furnished in mill lengths 5 ft (1.5 m)
and over. Definite cut lengths are furnished when specified
by the purchaser. Tolerances for definite cut lengths round
tubing shall be as given in Tables 10 and 11.
9.2 Corner Radii —Unless otherwise specified, the corners of square and rectangular tubing shall be slightly
rounded inside and outside, consistent with wall thickness.
The outside corners may be slightly flattened. The radii of
corners shall be as given in Table 14.
8.4 Squareness of Cut (Hot- and Cold-Rolled Steel) —
When specified, tolerance for squareness of cut of round
tubing shall be as given in Table 12. Measurements are
made with use of an “L” square and feeler gage. Side leg
of square to be equal to tube diameter except minimum
length of 1 in. (25.4 mm) and maximum length of 4 in.
(101.6 mm). Outside diameter burr to be removed for measurement.
9.3 Squareness —Permissible variations for squareness
shall be determined by the following equation:
±b p c ⴛ 0.006 in.
where:
b p tolerance for out-of-square, and
c p largest external dimension across flats
8.5 Straightness —The straightness tolerance for round
tubing is 0.030 in./3 ft (0.76 mm/1 m) lengths to 8.000 in.
(203 mm) outside diameter. For 8.000 in. outside diameter
and above, straightness tolerance is 0.060 in./3 ft (1.52 mm/
1 m) lengths. For lengths under 1 ft the straightness tolerance shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and producer. The test method for straightness measurement is at
the manufacturer’s option, unless a specific test method is
specified in the purchase order.
The squareness of sides is commonly determined by one
of the following methods.
9.3.1 A square with two adjustable contact points
on each arm, is placed on two sides. A fixed feeler gage
is then used to measure the maximum distance between
the free contact point and the surface of the tubing.
9.3.2 A square equipped with a direct reading vernier, may be used to determine the angular deviation which,
in turn, may be related to distance in inches.
8.6 Ovality (Hot- and Cold-Rolled Steel) —The ovality
shall be within the tolerances except when the wall thickness is less than 3% of the outside diameter.
9.4 Length —Variations from the specified length shall
not exceed the amount prescribed in Table 15.
909
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Additional Ovality
Tolerance, in. (mm)
0.010 (0.25)
0.015 (0.38)
0.020 (0.51)
0.025 (0.64)
0.030 (0.76)
0.035 (0.89)
0.040 (1.02)
0.045 (1.14)
0.050 (1.27)
0.055 (1.40)
0.060 (1.52)
0.065 (1.65)
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
9.5 Twist —Twist tolerances are shown in Table 16.
The twist in square and rectangular tubing may be measured
by holding one end of the tubing on a surface plate and
noting the height of either corner of the opposite end of
same side above the surface plate. Twist may also be
measured by the use of a beveled protractor equipped with
a level, and noting the angular deviation on opposite ends,
or at any point throughout the length.
12.2 Thermal conditions under which tubing may be
furnished are: no final thermal treatment, stress relieved,
and annealed or normalized.
9.6 Straightness —The straightness tolerance is 1⁄16 in./
3 ft (1.7 mm/1 m). The test method for straightness measurement is at the manufacturer’s option, unless a specific
test method is specified in the purchase order.
12.3.1 Flash-In —Tubing in which the inside diameter welding flash does not exceed the wall thickness or
3
⁄32 in. (2.4 mm), whichever is less. This condition is available in Types 1, 2, 3, and 4.
10.
12.3.2 Flash Controlled to 0.010 in. (0.25 mm), Maximum —Tubing in which the height of the remaining welding flash is controlled so as not to exceed 0.010 in. This
condition is available in Types 1 and 2 over 1 1⁄8 in.
(28.5 mm) outside diameter and Types 3 and 4.
12.3 Flash conditions under which tubing may be furnished are as follows. The flash shall be removed from the
outside diameter of tubing covered by this specification.
Tubing furnished to this specification may have the following conditions of welding flash on the inside diameter.
Tubing Sections Other Than Square and
Rectangular
10.1 In addition to square and rectangular tubing, many
producers supply a variety of special sections, such as
oval, streamlined, hexagonal, octagonal, round inside and
hexagonal or octagonal outside, ribbed inside or out, triangular, rounded rectangular and D shapes. Manufacturing
practices limit the size range and section available from
the various producers. These special sections may be made
through turkshead rolls or through a die with or without
use of a mandrel. Since the sections are special, dies and
other tools are not held available. Therefore, when inquiring for shapes other than square and rectangular, it is
essential to give full details as to dimensions and finish.
12.3.3 Flash Controlled to 0.005 in. (0.13 mm), Maximum —Tubing produced to outside diameter and wall
thickness, inside diameter and wall thickness, or outside
diameter and inside diameter tolerances which are so controlled that the height of the remaining inside diameter
flash does not exceed 0.005 in. Any remaining inside diameter flash is part of the applicable inside diameter tolerance.
This condition is available in Types 1, 2, 3, and 4.
12.3.4 No Flash —Tubing further processed for
closer tolerances with mandrel tubing produced to outside
diameter and wall thickness, inside diameter and wall thickness, or outside diameter and inside diameter to tolerances
with no dimensional indication of inside diameter flash.
This condition is available in Types 5 and 6.
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
11.1 The tubing shall be free of injurious defects and
shall have a workmanlike finish.
12.4 Tubes shall be furnished in the following shapes,
as specified by the purchaser: round, square, rectangular,
or special shapes (as negotiated).
11.2 Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order,
the tubing shall be free of scale. In the case of thermally
treated tubing a slight amount of color will not be considered cause for rejection.
13. Surface Finish
13.1 Tubes shall have a surface finish compatible with
the conditions (Section 12) to which they are ordered (see
Appendix X1).
11.3 When burrs must be removed from one or both
ends, it shall be specified in the purchase order.
12. Condition
12.1 The types and conditions of tubing covered by
this specification are:
Type
Number
Code
Letters
Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
A.W.H.R.
A.W.C.R.
S.D.H.R.
S.D.C.R.
M.D.
S.S.I.D.
“as-welded” from hot-rolled steel
“as-welded” from cold-rolled steel
“sink-drawn” hot-rolled steel
“sink-drawn,” cold-rolled steel
mandrel drawn
special smooth inside diameter
14. Coating
14.1 When specified, tubing shall be coated with a film
of oil before shipping to retard rust. Should the order
specify that tubing be shipped without rust retarding oil,
the film of oils incidental to manufacture will remain on
the surface. If the order specifies no oil, the purchaser
assumes responsibility for rust in transit.
14.2 Special surface preparations as may be required
for specific applications are not within the scope of this
section. Such requirements shall be considered under the
910
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
16.3 Bar Coding —In addition to the requirements in
16.1 and 16.2, bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental
identification method. The purchaser may specify in the
order a specific bar coding system to be used.
supplementary or basis of purchase provisions of this specification and details shall be provided in the purchase order.
15. Rejection
15.1 Tubes that fail to meet the requirements of this
specification shall be set aside and the producer shall be
notified.
17. Packaging
17.1 Civilian Procurement —On tubing 16 gage
(1.29 mm) and lighter, the producer will determine whether
or not the tubing will be boxed, crated, cartoned, packaged
in secured lifts, or bundled to ensure safe delivery unless
otherwise instructed. Tubing heavier than 16 gage will
normally be shipped loose, bundled, or in secured lifts.
Special packaging requiring extra operations other than
those normally used by a producer must be specified on
the order.
16. Product and Package Marking
16.1 Civilian Procurement —Each box, bundle, lift, or
piece shall be identified by a tag or stencil with manufacturers name or brand, specified size, type, purchaser’s order
number, and this specification number. Bar coding is
acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar
coding should be consistent with the Automotive Industry
Action Group (AIAG) standard prepared by the Primary
Metals Subcommittee of the AIAG Bar Code Project Team.
17.2 Government Procurement —When specified in the
contract or order, and for direct procurement by or direct
shipment to the Government when Level A is specified,
preservation, packaging, and packing shall be in accordance with the Level A requirements of MIL-STD-163.
16.2 Government Procurement —When specified in the
contract or order, and for direct procurement by or direct
shipment to the Government, marking for shipment, in
addition to requirements specified in the contract or order,
shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-129 for Military
agencies and in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for
civil agencies.
18. Keywords
18.1 alloy steel tube; carbon steel tube; mechanical
tubing; resistance welded steel tube; steel tube; welded
steel tube
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD
LOW-CARBON STEELS A
Chemical Composition Limits, %
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Grade
Designation
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus,
Max.
Sulfur,
Max.
MTB 1010
MT 1015
MT X 1015
MT 1020
MT X 1020
0.05–0.15
0.10–0.20
0.10–0.20
0.15–0.25
0.15–0.25
0.30–0.60
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.30–0.60
0.70–1.00
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
NOTE 1—Chemistry represents heat analysis. Product analysis, except for rimmed
or capped steel, is to be in accordance with usual practice as shown in Table 3.
NOTES:
A
Rimmed or capped steels which may be used for the above grades are characterized by a lack of uniformity in their chemical composition, and for this reason product analysis is not technologically appropriate unless misapplication is clearly indicated.
B
The letters MT under grade designation indicate Mechanical Tubing.
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR OTHER CARBON AND ALLOY STEELS
A
Chemical Composition Limits, %
Grade
Designation
Manganese
Phosphorus,
Max.
Carbon
Sulfur,
Max.
Silicon
Nickel
1008
1010
1012
1015
1016
0.10 max.
0.08–0.13
0.10–0.15
0.12–0.18
0.12–0.18
0.50 max.
0.30–0.60
0.30–0.60
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
...
...
...
...
...
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
0.14–0.20
0.14–0.20
0.14–0.20
0.17–0.23
0.17–0.23
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
0.17–0.23
0.19–0.25
0.18–0.25
0.22–0.28
0.22–0.28
0.70–1.00
0.30–0.60
1.30–1.65
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
1027
1030
1033
1035
1040
0.22–0.29
0.27–0.34
0.29–0.36
0.31–0.38
0.36–0.44
1.20–1.55
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
1050
1060
1340
1524
4118
0.47–0.55
0.55–0.66
0.38–0.43
0.18–0.25
0.18–0.23
4130
4140
5130
8620
8630
0.28–0.33
0.38–0.43
0.23–0.33
0.18–0.23
0.28–0.33
Chromium
Molybdenum
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.050
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
1.60–1.90
1.35–1.65
0.70–0.90
0.040
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.050
0.050
0.040
0.050
0.040
...
...
0.15–0.35
...
0.15–0.35
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.40–0.60
...
...
...
...
0.08–0.15
0.40–0.60
0.75–1.00
0.70–0.90
0.70–0.90
0.70–0.90
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.15–0.35
0.15–0.35
0.15–0.35
0.15–0.35
0.15–0.35
...
...
...
0.40–0.70
0.40–0.70
0.80–1.10
0.80–1.10
0.80–1.10
0.40–0.60
0.40–0.60
0.15–0.25
0.15–0.25
...
0.15–0.25
0.15–0.25
NOTE 1— Chemistry represents heat analysis. Product analysis, except for rimmed or capped steel, is to be in accordance with usual practice as shown in Table 3.
NOTE:
A
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no requirement.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE 3
TOLERANCES FOR PRODUCT ANALYSYS FOR STEELS SHOWN IN
TABLES 1 AND 2A, B
Variation, Over the Maximum Limit or
Under the Minimum Limit
Limit, or Maximum of
Specified Range, %
Under Min.,
%
Over Max.,
%
Carbon
to 0.15, incl.
over 0.15 to 0.40, incl.
over 0.40 to 0.55, incl.
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
Manganese
to 0.60, incl.
over 0.60 to 1.15, incl.
over 1.15 to 1.65, incl.
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.05
to 0.30, incl.
over 0.30 to 0.60
...
...
0.02
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.05
Nickel
Chromium
to 1.00, incl.
to 0.90, incl.
over 0.90 to 2.10, incl.
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.05
Molybdenum
to 0.20, incl.
over 0.20 to 0.40, incl.
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
Element
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
NOTES:
A
Individual determinations may vary from the specified heat limits or ranges to the extent shown in
this table, except that any element in a heat may not vary both above and below a specified range.
B
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no requirement.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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913
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 4
DIAMETER TOLERANCES FOR TYPE I (A.W.H.R.) ROUND TUBING
Flash-inTubing B, C
Wall Thickness
Outside
Diameter, ±
Outside Diameter
Range, in.A
1
⁄2 to 11⁄8, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
Over 2 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 2 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 2 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
Flash Controlled
to 0.010 in.
Max. Tubing C, D
BwgF
Outside
Diameter, ±
In.A
Flash Controlled to 0.005 in.
Max. Tubing E, D
Outside
Diameter, ±
Inside
Diameter, ±
Tolerance, in.A, G
16 to 10
16 to 14
13 to 7
6 to 5
4 to 3
0.065
0.065
0.095
0.203
0.238
to
to
to
to
to
0.134
0.083
0.180
0.220
0.259
0.0035
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.0035
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.0035
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.021
0.025
0.029
0.039
16 to 14
13 to 5
4 to 3
16 to 14
13 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.320
0.065
0.095
0.238
0.065
0.095
0.238
0.284
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
0.083
0.220
0.259
0.083
0.220
0.259
0.320
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.022
0.024
0.040
0.024
0.026
0.040
0.048
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
3 to 31⁄2, incl.
3 to 31⁄2, incl.
3 to 31⁄2, incl.
3 to 31⁄2, incl.
31⁄2 to 4, incl.
31⁄2 to 4, incl.
31⁄2 to 4, incl.
31⁄2 to 4, incl.
4 to 5, incl.
4 to 5, incl.
4 to 5, incl.
4 to 5, incl.
5 to 6, incl.
5 to 6, incl.
5 to 6 incl.
5 to 6, incl.
6 to 8, incl.
6 to 8, incl.
6 to 8, incl.
6 to 8, incl.
8 to 10, incl.
8 to 10, incl.
8 to 10, incl.
8 to 10, incl.
8 to 10, incl.
16 to 14
13 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.360
0.065
0.095
0.238
0.284
to
to
to
to
0.083
0.220
0.259
0.360
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.025
0.027
0.043
0.050
16 to 14
13 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.500
16 to 14
13 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.500
16 to 10
9 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.500
11 to 10
9 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.500
14 to 12
11 to 10
9 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.500
0.065
0.095
0.238
0.284
0.065
0.095
0.238
0.284
0.065
0.148
0.238
0.284
0.120
0.148
0.238
0.284
0.083
0.120
0.148
0.238
0.248
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
0.083
0.220
0.259
0.500
0.083
0.220
0.259
0.500
0.134
0.220
0.259
0.500
0.134
0.220
0.259
0.500
0.109
0.134
0.220
0.259
0.500
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.026
0.028
0.044
0.053
0.036
0.045
0.054
0.058
0.036
0.040
0.054
0.058
0.043
0.045
0.059
0.063
0.041
0.043
0.045
0.059
0.063
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
10
10
10
10
10
14 to 12
11 to 10
9 to 5
4 to 3
2 to 0.500
0.083
0.120
0.148
0.238
0.284
to
to
to
to
to
0.109
0.134
0.220
0.259
0.500
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.041
0.043
0.045
0.059
0.063
to
to
to
to
to
12,
12,
12,
12,
12,
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
NOTE 1—Measurements for diameter are to be taken at least 2 in. from the ends of the tubes.
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
Flash-In-Tubing is produced only to outside diameter tolerances and wall thickness tolerances and the inside diameter welding flash does not exceed
the wall thickness or 3⁄32 in., whichever is less.
C
Flash Controlled to 0.010 in. maximum tubing consists of tubing which is commonly produced only to outside diameter tolerances and wall thickness
tolerances, in which the height of the remaining welding flash is controlled not to exceed 0.010 in.
D
No Flash tubing is further processed for closer tolerances with mandrel-tubing produced to outside diameter and wall, inside diameter and wall, or
outside diameter and inside diameter to tolerances with no dimensional indication of inside diameter flash. This condition is available in Types 5 and 6.
E
Flash Controlled to 0.005 in. maximum tubing is produced to outside diameters and wall thickness tolerance, inside diameter and wall thickness tolerances, or outside diameters and inside diameter tolerances, in which the height of the remaining flash is controlled not to exceed 0.005 in. Any
remaining flash is considered to be part of the applicable inside diameter tolerances.
F
Birmingham Wire Gage.
G
The ovality shall be within the above tolerances except when the wall thickness is less than 3% of the outside diameter, in such cases see 8.6.1.
B
914
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE 5
DIAMETER TOLERANCES FOR TYPES 3, 4, 5, AND 6 (S.D.H.R., S.D.C.R., M.D. AND
S.S.I.D) ROUND TUBING
NOTE 1—Measurements for diameter are to be taken at least 2 in. from the ends of the tubes.
Types 3, 4, (Sink
Drawn)A,B and 5, 6,
(Mandrel Drawn)B,C
OD, in.
Types 5 and 6 (Mandrel
Drawn)B,C,D ID in.
Wall %
of OD
Over
Under
Over
Under
Up to 0.499
0.500 to 1.699
1.700 to 2.099
2.100 to 2.499
2.500 to 2.899
2.900 to 3.299
all
all
all
all
all
all
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
...
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
...
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
3.300
3.700
4.100
4.500
4.900
5.300
5.550
all
all
all
all
all
all
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.010
0.009
0.013
0.010
0.015
0.012
0.018
0.013
0.020
0.015
0.023
0.016
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.010
0.009
0.013
0.010
0.015
0.012
0.018
0.013
0.020
0.015
0.023
0.016
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.010
0.009
0.013
0.010
0.015
0.012
0.018
0.013
0.020
0.015
0.023
0.016
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.010
0.009
0.013
0.010
0.015
0.012
0.018
0.013
0.020
0.015
0.023
0.016
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
under 6
6 and over
all
all
all
all
all
0.025
0.017
0.028
0.019
0.030
0.020
0.034
0.035
0.036
0.037
0.038
0.025
0.017
0.028
0.019
0.030
0.020
0.034
0.035
0.036
0.037
0.038
0.025
0.017
0.028
0.019
0.030
0.020
0.034
0.035
0.036
0.037
0.038
0.025
0.017
0.028
0.019
0.030
0.020
0.034
0.035
0.036
0.037
0.038
OD Size Range
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
A
3.699
4.099
4.499
4.899
5.299
5.549
5.999
6.000 to 6.499
6.500 to 6.999
7.000 to 7.499
7.500 to 7.999
8.000 to 8.499
8.500 to 8.999
9.000 to 9.499
9.500 to 9.999
10.000
11.000
12.000
13.000
14.000
to
to
to
to
to
10.999
11.999
12.999
13.999
14.999
NOTES:
A
Tubing, flash in or flash controlled which is further processed without mandrel to obtain tolerances
closer than those shown in Tables 4 and 8.
B
The ovality shall be within the above tolerances except when the wall thickness is less than 3% of the
outside diameter, in such cases see 8.6.2.
C
Tubing produced to outside diameter and wall thickness, or inside diameter and wall thickness, or outside diameter and inside diameter, with mandrel to obtain tolerances closer than those shown in Tables 4
and 8 and no dimensional indication of inside diameter flash.
D
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, the tolerance is not addressed.
915
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
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Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
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Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0.065
0.072
0.083
0.095
0.109
0.120
0.134
0.148
0.165
0.180
0.203
0.220
0.238
0.259
0.284
0.300
916
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
...
+
−
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
...
⁄4 to 1,
Incl.
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.006
0.006
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
+
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.012
0.012
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.010
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.012
−
Over 1 to
115⁄16, Incl.
0.016
0.017
0.017
...
...
...
...
...
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.007
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
+
0.024
0.025
0.025
...
...
...
...
...
0.013
0.013
0.015
0.015
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.011
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.013
−
Over 115⁄16,
to 33⁄4, Incl.
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
Birmingham Wire Gage.
C
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, the tolerance is not addressed.
0.320
0.344
0.360
0.375
0.406
0.438
0.469
0.500
BwgB
in.A
Wall Thickness
Over 41⁄2,
to 6, Incl.
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.017
0.017
...
...
0.004
0.004
0.006
0.006
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
+
0.025
0.026
0.026
0.026
0.027
0.027
...
...
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.014
−
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
+
0.026
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.014
0.014
0.017
0.017
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.014
−
Wall Thickness Tolerances, in., ±C
Over 33⁄4,
to 41⁄2, Incl.
Outside Diameter, in.A
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
+
0.026
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.014
0.014
0.017
0.017
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.014
−
Over 6 to 8,
Incl.
TABLE 6
WALL THICKNESS TOLERANCE FOR TYPE I (A.W.H.R.) ROUND TUBING
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
...
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
+
0.026
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.014
0.014
0.017
0.017
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
...
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.014
−
Over 8 to 10,
Incl.
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
...
...
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
+
0.026
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.014
0.014
0.017
0.017
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
...
...
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.014
−
Over 10 to 12,
Incl.
SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE 7
WALL THICKNESS TOLERANCES OF TYPES 5 AND 6 (M.D. AND S.S.I.D.)
ROUND TUBING
Outside Diameter, in.A
3
⁄8 to 7⁄8,
Incl.
Wall thickness
Over 7⁄8 to 17⁄8,
Incl.
Over 17⁄8 to 33⁄4,
Incl.
Over 33⁄4 to 15,
Incl.
Wall Thickness Tolerances, in.,A, C ±
A
in.
B
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
−
0.035
0.049
0.065
0.083
0.095
0.109
0.120
0.134
0.148
0.165
20
18
16
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
...
...
...
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
...
...
...
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
...
...
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
...
...
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.180
0.203
0.220
0.238
0.259
0.284
0.300
0.320
0.344
0.375
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
...
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.008
...
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.009
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.009
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.017
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
...
0.400
0.438
0.460
0.480
0.531
0.563
0.580
0.600
0.625
0.650
Bwg
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
Birmingham Wire Gage.
C
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, the tolerance is not addressed.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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917
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 8
DIAMETER TOLERANCES FOR TYPE 2 (A.W.C.R.) ROUND TUBING
Flash-InTubing B
Wall Thickness
Outside
Diameter, ±
Outside Diameter
Range, in.A
3
⁄8 to 5⁄8, incl.
BwgA
in.E
Flash Controlled
to 0.010 in.
Max. Tubing C
Outside
Diameter, ±
Flash ControlledD to
0.005 in. Max. Tubing
Outside
Diameter, ±
Inside
Diameter, ±
Tolerance, in.F, G
24 to 16
0.022 to 0.065
0.003
...
...
...
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
24 to 19
18
16 to 14
13
12 to 11
0.022 to 0.042
0.049
0.065 to 0.083
0.095
0.109 to 0.120
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.0035
0.013
0.015
0.019
0.019
0.021
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 2, incl.
22 to 18
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.028 to 0.049
0.065 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.015
0.019
0.022
Over 2 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 2 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 2 to 21⁄2, incl.
20 to 18
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.035 to 0.049
0.065 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.016
0.020
0.023
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 3, incl.
20 to 18
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.035 to 0.049
0.065 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.018
0.022
0.025
Over 3 to 31⁄2, incl.
Over 3 to 31⁄2, incl.
Over 3 to 31⁄2, incl.
20 to 18
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.035 to 0.049
0.065 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.019
0.023
0.026
Over 31⁄2 to 4, incl.
Over 31⁄2 to 4, incl.
Over 31⁄2 to 4, incl.
20 to 18
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.035 to 0.049
0.065 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.020
0.024
0.027
Over 4 to 6, incl.
Over 4 to 6, incl.
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.065 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.034
0.037
Over 6 to 8, incl.
Over 6 to 8, incl.
14 to 13
12 to 10
0.083 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.039
0.042
Over 8 to 10, incl.
Over 8 to 10, incl.
16 to 13
12 to 10
0.065 to 0.095
1.109 to 0.134
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.044
0.049
Over 10 to 12, incl.
Over 10 to 12, incl.
14 to 13
12 to 10
0.083 to 0.095
0.109 to 0.134
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.049
0.054
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
5
1
⁄8 to 1 ⁄8,
⁄8 to 11⁄8,
5
⁄8 to 11⁄8,
3
⁄4 to 11⁄8,
7
⁄8 to 11⁄8,
5
NOTE 1 — Measurements for diameter are to be taken at least 2 in. from the ends of the tubes.A
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
Flash-In-Tubing is produced to outside diameter tolerances and wall thickness tolerances only, and the height of the inside welding flash
does not exceed the wall thickness or 3⁄32 in., whichever is less.
C
Flash Controlled to 0.010 in. maximum tubing consists of tubing over 5⁄8 in. outside diameter which is commonly produced to outside diameter tolerances and wall thickness tolerances only, in which the height of the remaining inside welding flash is controlled not to exceed
0.010 in.
D
Flash Controlled to 0.005 in. maximum tubing is produced to outside diameter tolerances and wall thickness tolerances, inside diameter tolerances and wall thickness tolerances, or outside diameter tolerances and inside diameter tolerances, in which the height of the remaining
inside welding flash is controlled not to exceed 0.005 in. Any remaining flash is considered to be part of the applicable inside diameter tolerances.
E
Birmingham Wire Gage.
F
The ovality shall be within the above tolerances except when the wall thickness is less than 3 % of the outside diameter, in such cases see
8.6.1.
G
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, the tolerance is not addressed.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
918
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
24
22
20
19
18
16
14
13
12
11
10
0.022
0.028
0.035
0.042
0.049
0.065
0.083
0.095
0.109
0.120
0.134
...
...
...
0.003
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
+
−
...
...
...
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
⁄8 to 7⁄8,
Incl.
3
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.002
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
+
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
−
Over 7⁄8 to
17⁄8, Incl.
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.002
0.004
0.004
0.004
...
...
0.001
0.001
+
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.007
...
...
0.005
0.006
−
Over 17⁄8,
to 33⁄4, Incl.
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
Birmingham Wire Gage.
C
Where the ellipsis appears in this table, the tolerance is not addressed.
BwgB
in.A
Wall thickness
0.005
0.005
0.005
...
0.004
0.004
0.004
...
...
...
...
+
0.008
0.008
0.008
...
0.007
0.007
0.007
...
...
...
...
−
0.005
0.005
0.005
...
0.004
0.004
0.004
...
...
...
...
+
0.009
0.009
0.009
...
0.007
0.008
0.008
...
...
...
...
−
A, C±
Over 5,
to 6, Incl.
A
Wall Thickness Tolerances, in.,
Over 33⁄4,
to 5, Incl.
Outside Diameter, in.
0.005
0.005
0.005
...
...
0.004
0.004
...
...
...
...
+
0.009
0.009
0.009
...
...
0.008
0.008
...
...
...
...
−
Over 6 to 8,
Incl.
TABLE 9
WALL THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR TYPE 2 (A.W.C.R.) ROUND TUBING
0.005
0.005
0.005
...
0.004
0.004
0.004
...
...
...
+
0.009
0.009
0.009
...
0.008
0.008
0.008
...
...
...
−
Over 8 to 10,
Incl.
0.005
0.005
0.005
...
...
0.004
0.004
...
...
...
+
0.009
0.009
0.009
...
...
0.008
0.008
...
...
...
−
Over 10 to 12,
Incl.
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 10
CUT-LENGTH TOLERANCES FOR LATHE-CUT ROUND TUBING
Outside Diameter
Size, in.A
3
⁄8 to 3
Over 3
Over 6
Over 9
6 in. and
Under 12 in.
± 1⁄64
± 1⁄32
± 1⁄16
± 3⁄32
incl.
to 6, incl.
to 9, incl.
to 12, incl.
12 in. and
Under 48 in.
± 1⁄32
± 3⁄64
± 1⁄16
± 3⁄32
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
48 in. and
Under 10 ft
10 ft to
24 ft Incl.B
± 3⁄64 in.
± 1⁄16 in.
± 1⁄8 in.
± 1⁄8 in.
± 1⁄8
± 1⁄8
± 1⁄8
± 1⁄8
in.
in.
in.
in.
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
For each additional 10 ft or fraction thereof over 24 ft, an additional allowance should be made of
plus or minus 1⁄16 in.
TABLE 11
LENGTH TOLERANCES FOR PUNCH-, SAW-, or DISC-CUT ROUND TUBING
Outside Diameter
Size, in.A
6 in. and
Under 12 in.
3
± 1⁄16
± 1⁄16
± 1⁄16
± 1⁄16
⁄8 to 3, incl.
Over 3 to 6, incl.
Over 6 to 9, incl.
Over 9 to 12, incl.
12 in. and
Under 48 in.
± 1⁄16
± 1⁄16
± 1⁄16
± 1⁄16
in.
in.
in.
in.
48 in. and
Under 10 ft
± 1⁄8
± 1⁄8
± 1⁄8
± 1⁄8
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
in.
10 ft to
24 ft Incl.
± 1⁄4
± 1⁄4
± 1⁄4
± 1⁄4
NOTE:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
TABLE 12
TOLERANCE (INCH) FOR SQUARENESS OF CUT
(EITHER END) WHEN SPECIFIED FOR
ROUND TUBINGA, B
Outside Diameter, in. D
Length of
Tube, ftC
Under
1
1 to 2,
Incl.
Over
2 to 3,
Incl.
Over
3 to 4,
Incl.
Over
4
Under 1
1 to 3, incl.
Over 3 to 6, incl.
Over 6 to 9, incl.
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.015
0.008
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.040
0.040
NOTES:
A
Actual squareness normal to length of tube, not parallelness of
both ends.
B
Values given are “go” value of feeler gage. “No go” value is
0.001 in. greater in each case.
C
1 ft p 0.3 m.
D
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
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in.
in.
in.
in.
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE 13
TOLERANCES, OUTSIDE DIMENSIONSA SQUARE AND RECTANGULAR TUBING
Largest Nominal
Outside Dimension, in.B
3
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
⁄16 to 5⁄8, incl.
Over 5⁄8 to 11⁄8, incl.
Over 11⁄8 to 11⁄2, incl.
Over 11⁄2 to 2, incl.
Over 2 to 3, incl.
Over 3 to 4, incl.
Over 4 to 6, incl.
Over 6 to 8, incl.
Wall Thickness, in.B
0.020
0.022
0.025
0.032
0.035
0.049
0.065
0.185
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
0.083,
0.156,
0.192,
0.192,
0.259,
0.259,
0.259,
0.259,
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
Outside Tolerance at All
Sides at Corners ± in.B
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.020
0.020
0.025
NOTES:
A
Measured at corners at least 2 in. from the cut end of the tubing. Convexity and concavity: Tubes having two parallel sides are also measured in the center of the flat sides for convexity and concavity.
This tolerance applies to the specific size determined at the corners, and is measured on the following
basis:
B
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
Largest Nominal Outside
Dimension, in.
Tolerance ±, in.
21⁄2 and under
Over 21⁄2 to 4
Over 4 to 8
0.010
0.015
0.025
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 14
RADII OF CORNERS OF ELECTRIC-RESISTANCE-WELDED SQUARE AND
RECTANGULAR TUBINGA
Squares and Rectangles Made
from Tubes of the Following
Diameter Ranges, in.B
1
Wall Thickness in
Bwg and in.B
Radius
Tolerances, in.C
⁄2 to 11⁄2, incl.
⁄2 to 11⁄2, incl.
1
⁄2 to 21⁄2, incl.
1
⁄2 to 21⁄2, incl.
1
⁄2 to 4, incl.
24
22
20
19
18
(0.022)
(0.028)
(0.035)
(0.042)
(0.049)
1
1
⁄2 to 41⁄8, incl.
⁄4 to 41⁄8, incl.
Over 41⁄8 to 6, incl.
1 to 41⁄8, incl.
Over 41⁄8 to 6, incl.
16
14
14
13
13
(0.065)
(0.083)
(0.083)
(0.095)
(0.095)
1
11⁄4 to 4, incl.
Over 4 to 6, incl.
11⁄4 to 4, incl.
Over 4 to 6, incl.
2 to 4, incl.
12
12
11
11
10
(0.109)
(0.109)
(0.120)
(0.120)
(0.134)
1
Over 4 to 6, incl.
2 to 4, incl.
Over 4 to 8, incl.
2 to 8, incl.
2 to 8, incl.
10 (0.134)
9 (0.148)
9 (0.148)
8 (0.165)
7 (0.180)
7
1
3
21⁄2 to 4, incl.
Over 4 to 8, incl.
21⁄2 to 8, incl.
21⁄2 to 8, incl.
21⁄2 to 8, incl.
6
6
5
4
3
⁄64 to 3⁄64
⁄32 to 1⁄16
1
⁄32 to 1⁄16
3
⁄64 to 5⁄64
3
⁄64 to 5⁄64
1
⁄16 to 7⁄64
5
⁄64 to 1⁄8
3
⁄16 to 5⁄16
3
⁄32 to 5⁄32
3
⁄16 to 5⁄16
⁄8 to 13⁄64
⁄16 to 5⁄16
1
⁄8 to 7⁄32
7
⁄32 to 7⁄16
5
⁄32 to 9⁄32
3
⁄32 to 7⁄16
⁄16 to 5⁄16
7
⁄32 to 7⁄16
1
⁄4 to 1⁄2
1
⁄4 to 1⁄2
3
5
⁄16 to 9⁄16
⁄16 to 9⁄16
3
⁄8 to 5⁄8
3
⁄8 to 5⁄8
3
⁄8 to 5⁄8
(0.203)
(0.203)
(0.220)
(0.238)
(0.259)
5
NOTES:
A
This table establishes a standard radius. The purchaser and producer may negotiate special radii.
Slight radius flattening is more pronounced in heavier wall tubing.
B
1 in. p 25 mm.
C
These radius tolerances apply to grades of steel covered in Table 1. The purchaser and producer may
negotiate tolerances on other grades of steel.
922
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE 15
LENGTH TOLERANCES—SQUARE AND
RECTANGULAR TUBING
Lengths, ftA
Tolerances, in.B
± 1⁄16
± 3⁄32
± 1⁄8
± 3⁄16
± 3⁄8
1 to 3, incl.
Over 3 to 12, incl.
Over 12 to 20, incl.
Over 20 to 30, incl.
Over 30 to 40, incl.
NOTES:
A
1 ft p 0.3 m.
B
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
TABLE 16
TWIST TOLERANCES ELECTRIC-RESISTANCEWELDED FOR SQUARE AND
RECTANGULAR-MECHANICAL TUBING
Twist Tolerance
in 3 ftB, in.A
Largest Dimension, in.A
1
⁄2 and under
Over 1⁄2 to 11⁄2, incl.
Over 11⁄2 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 4, incl.
Over 4 to 6, incl.
Over 6 to 8, incl.
0.032
0.050
0.062
0.075
0.087
0.100
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
ix ft p 0.3 m.
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements may become a part of the
specification when specified in the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or
contract. These requirements shall not be considered, unless specified in the order and the
necessary tests shall be made at the mill. Mechanical tests shall be performed in accordance
with the applicable portions of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Supplementary Requirement S6 and either S7 or S8 at the manufacturer’s option are mandatory.
not necessarily the hardness limits shown in Table S5.1.
For grades of round tubing not shown in Table S5.1, and
for all square and rectangular tubing, tensile or hardness
limits shall be upon agreement between the manufacturer
and the purchaser.
S1. Tubes for Cylinders
S1.1 Round tubing, mandrel drawn for cylinder applications with inside diameter cleanup allowances is considered
to be cylinder tubing. Table S1.1 shows the minimum
inside diameter allowance for removal of inside surface
imperfections by a honing operation.
S5.2 Number of tests and retests shall be as follows:
one tension test per lot shall be made (Note S1) and 1%
of all tubes per lot but in no case less than 5 tubes shall
be tested for hardness. If the results of the mechanical tests
do not conform to the requirements shown in the table,
retests shall be made on additional tubes double the original
number selected, each of which shall conform to the specified requirements.
S2. Cleanup by Centerless Grinding
S2.1 Round tubing, mandrel drawn for applications
with outside diameter allowances is considered to be special smooth outside surface tubing. Table S2.1 shows the
minimum outside diameter stock allowance for removal
of outside surface imperfections by centerless grinding.
NOTE S1—A lot shall consist of all tubes, before cutting to length, of
the same size and wall thickness which are produced from the same heat
of steel and, when heat treated, subjected to the same finishing treatment
in a continuous furnace. When final heat treatment is done in a batchtype furnace, the lot shall include all those tubes which are heat treated
in the same furnace charge.
S3. Cleanup by Machining
S3.1 Cleanup is permitted on round tubing, mandrel
drawn for applications where machining is required to
remove surface imperfections. Table S3.1 shows the minimum stock allowance for removal of surface imperfections
from either or both the outside and inside surfaces by
machining.
S5.3 The yield strength corresponding to a permanent
offset of 0.2% of the gage length of the specimen or to a
total extension of 0.5% of the gage length under load shall
be determined.
S4. Special Smooth Inside Surface
S4.1 Round tubing, special smooth inside diameter for
cylinder applications with microinch finish and inside
diameter cleanup allowances is considered to be special
smooth inside surface tubing. Table S4.1 shows the maximum average microinch readings on the inside surface.
Table S4.2 shows the minimum wall depth allowance for
inside surface imperfections.
S6. Destructive Weld Tests
S6.1 Round tubing and tubing to be formed into other
shapes when in the round form shall meet the following
destructive weld tests.
S6.2 Flattening Test —A test 4 to 6 in. (101.6 to
152.4 mm) in length shall be flattened between parallel
plates with the weld 90° from the direction of applied force
(at the point of maximum bending) until opposite walls of
the tubing meet. Except as allowed in S6.2.1, no opening
in the weld shall take place until the distance between the
plates is less than two thirds of the original outside diameter
of the tubing. No cracks or breaks in the base metal shall
occur until the distance between the plates is less than one
third of the original outside diameter of the tubing, but in
no case less than five times the thickness of the tubing
wall. Evidence of lamination or burnt material shall not
S5. Hardness and Tensile Requirements
S5.1 When hardness properties are specified on the
order, round tubing shall conform to the hardness limits
specified in Table S5.1 unless “Tensile Properties
Required” is specified in the purchase order. When “Tensile
Properties Required” is specified in the purchase order,
round tubing shall conform to the tensile requirements and
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
develop during the flattening process, and the weld shall
not show injurious defects.
of the tube or 0.004 in. (0.102 mm), whichever is greater.
S8.2.3 Longitudinal Notch —A notch 0.031 in.
(0.79 mm) or less in width shall be machined in a radial
plane parallel to the tube axis on the outside surface of the
tube, to have a depth not exceeding 121⁄2% of the specified
wall thickness of the tube or 0.004 in. (0.102 mm), whichever is greater. The length of the notch shall be compatible
with the testing method.
S6.2.1 When low D-to-t ratio tubing is tested,
because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably
high on the inside surface at the six and twelve o’clock
locations, cracks at these locations shall not be cause for
rejection if the D-to-t ratio is less than 10.
S6.3 Flaring Test —A section of tube approximately
4 in. (101.6 mm) in length shall stand being flared with a
tool having a 60° included angle until the tube at the mouth
of the flare has been expanded 15% of the inside diameter,
without cracking or showing flaws.
S8.3 For ultrasonic testing, the longitudinal calibration
reference notches shall be at the option of the producer, any
one of the three common notch shapes shown in Practice E
213 or Practice E 273. The depth of notch shall not exceed
121⁄2% of the specified wall thickness of the tube or 0.004 in.
(0.102 mm), whichever is greater. For welded tubing the
notch shall be placed in the weld, if visible.
S6.4 In order to properly evaluate weld quality, the
producer at his option may normalize the test specimen
prior to testing.
S8.4 For flux leakage testing, each of the longitudinal
calibration notches shall be a straight sided notch not over
121⁄2% of the wall thickness in depth and not over 1.0 in.
(25 mm) in length. Both outside diameter and inside diameter notches shall be placed in the tube located sufficiently
apart to enable separation and identification of the signals.
S6.5 Number of tests and retests: two flattening and
two flaring tests shall be made from each lot (Note S1).
S7. Hydrostatic Test Round Tubing
S7.1 All tubing will be given a hydrostatic test calculated as follows:
Pp
S8.5 Tubing producing a signal equal to or greater than
the calibration defect shall be subject to rejection. The area
producing the signal may be examined.
2St
D
S8.5.1 Test signals produced by imperfections which
cannot be identified, or produced by cracks or crack-like
defects shall result in rejection of the tube subject to rework
and retest.
where:
P
S
t
D
p
p
p
p
hydrostatic test pressure, psi or MPa
allowable fiber stress of 14,000 psi or 96.5 MPa
specified wall thickness, in. or mm, and
specified outside diameter, in. or mm
S8.5.2 Test signals produced by imperfections such
as those listed below may be judged as injurious or noninjurious depending on visual observation of their severity or
the type of signal they produce on the testing equipment
used, or both:
S8. Nondestructive Electric Test
S8.1 Each tube shall be tested with a nondestructive
electric test in accordance with Practice E 213, Practice E
273, Practice E 309, or Practice E 570. It is the intent of
this test to reject tubes containing injurious defects.
S8.5.2.1 Dinges,
S8.5.2.2 Straightener marks,
S8.5.2.3 Loose inside diameter bead and cutting
chips,
S8.2 For eddy-current testing, the calibration tube shall
contain, at the option of the producer, any one of the
following discontinuities to establish a minimum sensitivity level for rejection. For welded tubing, they shall be
placed in the weld if visible.
S8.5.2.4 Scratches,
S8.5.2.5 Steel die stamps,
S8.5.2.6 Chattered flash trim,
S8.5.2.7 Stop marks, or
S8.2.1 Drilled Hole —A hole not larger than 0.031 in.
(0.79 mm) in diameter shall be drilled radially and completely through the tube wall, care being taken to avoid
distortion of the tube while drilling.
S8.5.2.8 Tube reducer ripple.
S8.5.3 Any imperfection of the above type exceeding
0.004 in. (0.102 mm) or 121⁄2% of the specified wall thickness (whichever is greater) in depth shall be considered
injurious.
S8.2.2 Transverse Tangential Notch —Using a round
tool or file with a 1⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) diameter, a notch shall
be filed or milled tangential to the surface and transverse
to the longitudinal axis of the tube. Said notch shall have
a depth not exceeding 121⁄2% of the specified wall thickness
S8.5.3.1 If the imperfection is judged as injurious,
the tubes shall be rejected but may be reconditioned and
retested providing the dimensional requirements are met.
925
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S8.5.3.2 If the imperfection is explored to the
extent that it can be identified as noninjurious, the tubes
may be accepted without further test providing the imperfection does not encroach on the minimum wall thickness,
after due allowance for cleanup in mandrel drawn tubes.
S10.
Rejection Provisions for Government Orders
S10.1 Each length of tubing received from the manufacturer may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not
meet the requirements of the specification based on the
inspection and test method as outlined in the specification,
the tube may be rejected and the manufacturer shall be
notified. Disposition of rejected tubing shall be a matter
of agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S9. Certification for Government Orders
S9.1 A producer’s or supplier’s certification shall be
furnished to the Government that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with
this specification and has been found to meet the requirements. This certificate shall include a report of heat analysis
(product analysis when requested in the purchase order),
and when specified in the purchase order or contract, a
report of test results shall be furnished.
S10.2 Material that fails in any of the forming operations or in the process of installation and is found to be
defective shall be set aside and the manufacturer shall be
notified for mutual evaluation of the material’s suitability.
Disposition of such material shall be a matter for
agreement.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE S1.1
MINIMUM INSIDE DIAMETER STOCK ALLOWANCE ON DIAMETERA FOR REMOVAL OF INSIDE-SURFACE
IMPERFECTIONS BY HONING OPERATION (MANDREL-DRAWN TUBING)
Wall Thickness, in.B, C
Outside
Diameter, in.B
Up to and incl. 11⁄2
Over 11⁄2 to 3 incl.
Over 3 to 4 incl.
Over 4 to 43⁄4 incl.
Over 43⁄4 to 6 incl.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over 0.065
to 0.125,
Incl.
Over 0.125
to 0.180,
Incl.
Over 0.180
to 0.230,
Incl.
Over 0.230
to 0.360,
Incl.
Over 0.360
to 0.460,
Incl.
Over 0.460
to 0.563,
Incl.
Over 0.563
0.010
0.010
0.011
...
...
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.018
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
...
0.021
0.021
0.022
0.023
...
0.023
0.023
0.024
0.025
...
...
0.025
0.026
0.027
...
...
...
...
...
0.016
...
...
...
...
0.018
...
...
...
...
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.024
0.025
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.026
0.024
0.025
0.026
0.027
0.028
0.026
0.027
0.028
0.029
0.030
0.028
0.029
0.030
0.031
0.032
0.065
and Under
6 to 8 incl.
8 to 101⁄2 incl.
101⁄2 to 121⁄2 incl.
121⁄2 to 14 incl.
14 to 15 incl.
NOTES:
A
If a specific size is desired, these allowances plus normal size tolerances must be considered in calculating size to be ordered.
B
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
C
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, no allowances have been established.
TABLE S2.1
MINIMUM OUTSIDE DIAMETER STOCK ALLOWANCE ON DIAMETERA FOR REMOVAL
OF OUTSIDE-SURFACE IMPERFECTIONS BY CENTERLESS
GRINDING (MANDREL-DRAWN TUBING)
Tubing Wall Thickness, in.B, C
Outside Diameter, in.B
Up to
0.125,
Incl.
Over
0.125
to
0.180,
Incl.
Over
0.180
to
0.230,
Incl.
Over
0.230
to
0.360,
Incl.
Over
0.360
to
0.460,
Incl.
Over
0.460
Up to 3, incl.
Over 3 to 43⁄4, incl.
Over 43⁄4 to 6, incl.
Over 6 to 7, incl.
Over 7 to 8, incl.
0.012
0.016
0.018
0.020
...
0.014
0.018
0.020
0.022
...
0.016
0.020
0.022
0.024
0.026
0.020
0.022
0.024
0.026
0.027
0.024
0.024
0.026
0.028
0.029
0.026
0.026
0.028
0.030
0.031
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.027
0.028
0.030
0.033
0.028
0.030
0.032
0.035
0.030
0.032
0.034
0.036
0.032
0.034
0.036
0.037
Over
Over
Over
Over
8 to 101⁄2, incl.
101⁄2 to 121⁄2, incl.
121⁄2 to 14 incl.
14
NOTES:
A
If a specific size is desired, these allowances plus normal size tolerances must be considered in
calculating size to be ordered.
B
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
C
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, no allowances have been established.
927
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SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE S4.1
MAXIMUM AVERAGE MICROINCH READINGS ON
INSIDE SURFACE (SPECIAL SMOOTH INSIDE
DIAMETER TUBING)
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
TABLE S3.1
MINIMUM DIAMETER STOCK ALLOWANCE FOR
OUTSIDE DIAMETER AND INSIDE DIAMETER FOR
REMOVAL OF IMPERFECTIONS BY MACHINING
(MANDREL-DRAWN TUBING)A
Wall Thickness, in.
B
Outside Diameter, in.
Up to
0.187
0.187
to
0.230,
Incl.
Over
0.230
to
0.360,
Incl.
Over
0.360
to
0.460,
Incl.
Over
0.460
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.035
...
...
...
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.045
0.048
0.050
0.025
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.045
0.048
0.050
0.055
...
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.045
0.048
0.050
0.055
...
0.035
0.040
0.045
0.050
0.053
0.055
0.060
1
Up to 1 ⁄2 incl.
Over 11⁄2 to 3 incl.
Over 3 to 43⁄4 incl.
Over 43⁄4 to 6 incl.
Over 6 to 7 incl.
Over 7 to 8 incl.
Over 8 to 101⁄2 incl.
Over 101⁄2 to 15 incl.
Tubing Wall Thickness, in.A, B
B, C
Outside Diameter, in.A
1 to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 41⁄2, incl.
Over 41⁄2 to 51⁄2, incl.
Over 51⁄2 to 7, incl.
0.065
and
Under
Over
0.065
to
0.150,
Incl.
Over
0.150
to
0.187,
Incl.
Over
0.187
to
0.225,
Incl.
Over
0.225
to
0.312,
Incl.
40
40
...
...
45
50
55
55
50
60
70
70
55
70
80
80
70
80
90
90
NOTES:
A
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
B
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no
requirement.
NOTE 1 — Camber — For every foot or fraction thereof over one
foot of length, add 0.010 in.B for camber.
NOTES:
A
If a specific size is desired, those allowances plus normal size tolerances must be considered in calculating size to be ordered.
B
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
C
Where the ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, no allowances
have been established.
TABLE S4.2
ALLOWANCE FOR SURFACE IMPERFECTIONS ON INSIDE DIAMETERS OF SPECIAL
SMOOTH FINISH TUBESA
Outside Diameter
Size, in.B
Up to 21⁄2, incl.
Over 21⁄2 to 51⁄2, incl.
Over 51⁄2 to 7, incl.
Wall Depth Allowance for
Inside Diameter Surface
Imperfections, in.B
Wall Thickness, in.B
0.065 to 0.109, incl.
Over 0.109 to 0.250,
Over 0.250 to 0.312,
0.083 to 0.125, incl.
Over 0.125 to 0.187,
Over 0.187 to 0.312,
0.125 to 0.187, incl.
Over 0.187 to 0.312,
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
incl.
Scores
Pits
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.0015
0.0015
0.002
0.0025
0.003
0.0015
0.002
0.0025
0.0025
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
NOTES:
A
If a specific size is desired, these allowances plus normal size tolerances must be considered in calculating size to be ordered.
B
1 in. p 25.4 mm.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
TABLE S5.1
HARDNESS LIMITS AND TENSILE PROPERTIES FOR ROUND TUBING
Yield
Strength,
ksi
(MPa),
Min.
Ultimate
Strength,
ksi
(MPa),
Min.
Elongation
in 2 in. or
50 mm,
%, Min.
RB Min.
RB Max.
As-Welded Tubing
1008
1010
1015
1020
1021
1025
1026
1030
1035
1040
1340
1524
4130
4140
30 (207)
32 (221)
35 (241)
38 (262)
40 (276)
40 (276)
45 (310)
45 (310)
50 (345)
50 (345)
55 (379)
50 (345)
55 (379)
70 (485)
42 (290)
45 (310)
48 (331)
52 (359)
54 (372)
56 (386)
62 (427)
62 (427)
66 (455)
66 (645)
72 (496)
66 (455)
72 (496)
90 (621)
1008
1010
1015
1020
1021
1025
1026
1030
1035
1040
1340
1524
4130
4140
23 (159)
25 (172)
30 (207)
35 (241)
35 (241)
37 (255)
40 (276)
40 (276)
45 (310)
45 (310)
50 (345)
45 (310)
50 (345)
65 (448)
38 (262)
40 (276)
45 (310)
50 (345)
50 (345)
55 (379)
60 (414)
60 (414)
65 (448)
65 (448)
70 (483)
65 (448)
70 (483)
90 (621)
15
15
15
12
12
12
12
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
50
55
58
62
62
65
68
70
75
75
80
75
80
85
Normalized Tubing
30
30
30
25
25
25
25
25
20
20
20
20
20
20
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65
65
70
75
78
80
85
85
88
90
100
88
100
105
SA-513
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE S5.1
HARDNESS LIMITS AND TENSILE PROPERTIES FOR ROUND TUBING (CONT’D)
Yield
Strength,
ksi
(MPa),
Min.
Ultimate
Strength,
ksi
(MPa),
Min.
Elongation
in 2 in. or
50 mm,
%, Min.
RB
Min.
RB
Max.
Sink-Drawn Tubing
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1008
1010
1015
1020
1021
1025
1026
1030
1035
38 (262)
40 (276)
45 (310)
50 (345)
52 (359)
55 (379)
55 (379)
62 (427)
70 (483)
48 (331)
50 (345)
55 (379)
60 (414)
62 (428)
65 (448)
70 (483)
70 (483)
80 (552)
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
65
65
67
70
70
72
77
78
82
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
73
73
77
80
80
82
85
87
90
90
90
90
90
90
Mandrel-Drawn Tubing
1008
1010
1015
1020
1021
1025
1026
1030
1035
1040
1340
1524
4130
4140
50 (345)
50 (345)
55 (379)
60 (414)
62 (427)
65 (448)
70 (483)
75 (517)
80 (552)
80 (552)
85 (586)
80 (552)
85 (586)
100 (690)
1008
1010
1015
1020
1021
1025
1026
1030
1035
1040
1340
1524
4130
4140
45 (310)
45 (310)
50 (345)
55 (379)
58 (400)
60 (414)
65 (448)
70 (483)
75 (517)
75 (517)
80 (552)
75 (517)
80 (552)
95 (655)
60 (414)
60 (414)
65 (448)
70 (483)
72 (496)
75 (517)
80 (552)
85 (586)
90 (621)
90 (621)
95 (655)
90 (621)
95 (655)
110 (758)
Mandrel-Drawn Stress-Relieved Tubing
55 (379)
55 (379)
60 (414)
65 (448)
68 (469)
70 (483)
75 (517)
80 (552)
85 (586)
85 (586)
90 (621)
85 (586)
90 (621)
105 (724)
12
12
12
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
68
68
72
75
75
77
80
81
85
85
87
85
87
90
NOTES:
(1) These values are based on normal mill stress relieving temperatures. For particular applications, properties may be adjusted by negotiation
between purchaser and producer.
(2) For longitudinal strip tests, the width of the gage section shall be 1 in. (25.4 mm) and a deduction of 0.5 percentage points rom the basic
minimum elongation for each 1⁄32 in. (0.8 mm) decrease in wall thickness under 5⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) in wall thickness shall be permitted.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-513
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. MEASURING MICROINCH FINISH
X1.1 The procedure for making microinch readings on
interior surfaces of cold worked tubing (not polished or
ground) 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) inside diameter and larger is as
follows:
X1.1.1 Measurements on tubing with longitudinal
or no predominant lay should be circumferential on the
inside surface of the straight tube, prior to any fabrication,
on a plane approximately perpendicular to the tube axis.
Measurements on tubing with circumferential lay should
be longitudinal.
X1.1.2 Measurements should be made not less than
1 in. (25.4 mm) from the end.
X1.1.3 Measurements should be made at four positions approximately 90° apart or over a complete circumference if the trace should otherwise overlap.
X1.1.4 The length of trace should be in accordance
with the latest revision of Section 4.5 of ANSI B 46.1 (not
less than 0.600 in. (15.24 mm) long).
X1.1.5 A minimum of three such measurements
should be made spaced not less than 1⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) apart
along the longitudinal axis.
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X1.1.6 The numerical rating shall be the arithmetical
average microinch of all readings taken. Each reading to
be averaged should be the mean position of the indicator
during the trace; any momentary meter excursions occupying less than 10% of the total trace should be ignored.
X1.1.7 A deviation in numerical rating in various
parts of a tube may be expected. Experience to date indicates that a variation of about ±35% is normal.
X1.2 Instruments should meet the specifications given
in the latest revision of ANSI B 46.1.
X1.3 Mechanical tracing is preferred. If hand tracing
is used, the speed of trace should not vary by more than
±20% from the required to give the appropriate cutoff. The
0.030 in. roughness width cutoff should be used.
X1.4 Microinch determinations only refer to roughness
of areas that do not contain a defect, injurious or otherwise.
Such defects as seams, slivers, pits, laps, etc., are subject
to ordinary visual inspection in accordance with applicable
specifications or trade customs, and have no relationship
to roughness.
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-515/SA-515M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
CARBON STEEL, FOR INTERMEDIATE- AND HIGHERTEMPERATURE SERVICE
SA-515/SA-515M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 515/A 515M-03(R07)]
1.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Scope
1.1 This specification covers carbon-silicon steel plates
primarily for intermediate- and higher-temperature service
in welded boilers and other pressure vessels.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
1.2 Plates under this specification are available in three
grades having different strength levels as follows:
Grade U.S. [SI]
Tensile Strength,
ksi [MPa]
60 [415]
65 [450]
70 [485]
60–80 [415–550]
65–85 [450–585]
70–90 [485–620]
3.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Plates supplied to this product specification shall
conform to Specification A 20/A 20M, which outlines the
testing and retesting methods and procedures, permissible
variations in dimensions and mass, quality and repair of
defects, marking, loading, and so forth.
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only
by the capacity of the composition to meet the specified
mechanical property requirements; however, current practice normally limits the maximum thickness of plates furnished under this specification as follows:
Grade U.S. [SI]
Maximum Thickness,
in. [mm]
60 [415]
65 [450]
70 [485]
8 [200]
8 [200]
8 [200]
3.2 Specification A 20/A 20M also establishes the rules
for ordering information that should be complied with when
purchasing plates to this specification.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
where additional control, testing, or examination is
required to meet end use requirements.
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20/A 20M.
1.4 For plates produced from coil and furnished without
heat treatment or with stress relieving only, the additional
requirements, including additional testing requirements
and the reporting of additional test results, of Specification
A 20/A 20M apply.
3.5 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specification until they are processed into finished plates. Plates
produced from coil means plates that have been cut to
individual lengths from coil. The processor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operations involved in the
processing of coils into finished plates. Such operations
include decoiling, leveling, cutting to length, testing,
inspection, conditioning, heat treatment (if applicable),
packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
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SA-515/SA-515M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
NOTE 1: For plates produced from coil and furnished without heat
treatment or with stress relieving only, three test results are reported for
each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regarding plate produced
from coil are described in Specification A 20/A 20M.
may be ordered normalized or stress relieved, or both.
5.2 Plates over 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness shall be
normalized.
3.6 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements given in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20/A 20M.
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice—The steel shall be killed and
made to a coarse austenitic grain size practice.
7.
Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tension Test—The plates, as represented by the
tension test specimens, shall conform to the requirements
given in Table 2.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 Plates 2 in. [50 mm] and under in thickness are
normally supplied in the as-rolled condition. The plates
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Grade 60
[Grade 415]
Elements
Carbon, max (A):
1 in. [25 mm] and under
Over 1 to 2 in. [25 to 50 mm], incl
Over 2 to 4 in. [50 to 100 mm], incl
Over 4 to 8 in. [100 to 200 mm], incl
Over 8 in. [200 mm]
Manganese, max:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, max (A)
Sulfur, max (A)
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Grade 65
[Grade 450]
Grade 70
[Grade 485]
0.24
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.31
0.28
0.31
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.31
0.33
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.90
0.98
0.035
0.035
0.90
0.98
0.035
0.035
1.20
1.30
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
NOTE:
(A) Applies to both heat and product analyses.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Grade
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % (A)
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % (A)
60 [415]
65 [450]
70 [485]
60–80 [415–550]
32 [220]
21
25
65–85 [450–585]
35 [240]
19
23
70–90 [485–620]
38 [260]
17
21
NOTE:
(A) See Specification A 20/A20M for elongation adjustment.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-515/SA-515M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
is included in Specification A 20/A 20M. Those that are considered suitable for use with
this specification are listed below by title.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
S1.
S2.
S3.
Vacuum Treatment,
Product Analysis,
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
S4.1 Additional Tension Test,
S5.
S6.
S7.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
Drop-Weight Test,
High-Temperature Tension Test,
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 435/A 435M,
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 577/A 577M,
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 578/A 578M, and
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
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SA-515/SA-515M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Also listed below is an additional optional supplementary requirement suitable for this
specification:
S61. Austenitic Grain Size
S61.1 The material shall have a carburized austenitic
grain size of 1 to 5.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-516/SA-516M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
CARBON STEEL, FOR MODERATE- AND LOWERTEMPERATURE SERVICE
SA-516/SA-516M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 516/A 516M-06)
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel plates
intended primarily for service in welded pressure vessels
where improved notch toughness is important.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A 435/A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577/A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578/A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
1.2 Plates under this specification are available in four
grades having different strength levels as follows:
Grade U.S. [SI]
55
60
65
70
[380]
[415]
[450]
[485]
Tensile Strength,
ksi [MPa]
55–75
60–80
65–85
70–90
[380–515]
[415–550]
[450–585]
[485–620]
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only
by the capacity of the composition to meet the specified
mechanical property requirements; however, current practice normally limits the maximum thickness of plates furnished under this specification as follows:
Grade U.S. [SI]
55
60
65
70
[380]
[415]
[450]
[485]
3.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Plates supplied to this product specification shall
conform to Specification A 20/A 20M, which outlines the
testing and retesting methods and procedures, permissible
variations in dimensions and mass, quality and repair of
defects, marking, loading, and so forth.
Maximum Thickness,
in. [mm]
12
8
8
8
[305]
[205]
[205]
[205]
3.2 Specification A 20/A 20M also establishes the rules
for ordering information that should be complied with when
purchasing plates to this specification.
1.4 For plates produced from coil and furnished without
heat treatment or with stress relieving only, the additional
requirements, including additional testing requirements
and the reporting of additional test results of Specification
A 20/A 20M apply.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
where additional control, testing, or examination is
required to meet end use requirements.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20/A 20M.
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SA-516/SA-516M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
3.5 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specification until they are processed into finished plates. Plates
produced from coil means plates that have been cut to
individual lengths from coil. The processor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operations involved in the
processing of coils into finished plates. Such operations
include decoiling, leveling, cutting to length, testing,
inspection, conditioning, heat treatment (if applicable),
packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.
5.2 Plates over 1.50 in. [40 mm] in thickness shall be
normalized.
5.3 When notch-toughness tests are required on plates
11⁄2 in. [40 mm] and under in thickness, the plates shall be
normalized unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
5.4 If approved by the purchaser, cooling rates faster
than those obtained by cooling in air are permissible for
improvement of the toughness, provided the plates are
subsequently tempered in the temperature range 1100 to
1300°F [595 to 705°C].
NOTE 1: For plates produced from coil and furnished without heat
treatment or with stress relieving only, three test results are reported for
each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regarding plate produced
from coil are described in Specification A 20/A 20M.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements given in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20/A 20M.
3.6 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice—The steel shall be killed and
shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement
of Specification A 20/A 20M.
7.
Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tension Test—The plates, as represented by the
tension test specimens, shall conform to the requirements
given in Table 2.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 Plates 1.50 in. [40 mm] and under in thickness are
normally supplied in the as-rolled condition. The plates
may be ordered normalized or stress relieved, or both.
8.
Keywords
8.1 carbon steel; carbon steel plate; pressure containing
parts; pressure vessel steels; steel plates for pressure vessels
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-516/SA-516M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Elements
Grade 60
[Grade 415]
Grade 65
[Grade
450]
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.27
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.27
0.28
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.60–0.90
0.55–0.98
0.60–0.90 (C)
0.55–0.98 (C)
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.60–1.20
0.55–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
Grade 55
[Grade 380]
Grade 70
[Grade 485]
(A), (B)
Carbon, max
:
1
⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under
Over 1⁄2 in. to 2 in. [12.5 to 50 mm], incl
Over 2 in. to 4 in. [50 to 100 mm], incl
Over 4 to 8 in. [100 to 200 mm], incl
Over 8 in. [200 mm]
Manganese(B):
1
⁄2 in. [12.5] and under:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Over 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm]:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
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Phosphorus, max(A)
Sulfur, max(A)
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
NOTES:
(A) Applies to both heat and product analyses.
(B) For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum for carton, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified
maximum for manganess is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50% by heat analysis and 1.60% by product analysis.
(C) Grade 60 plates 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under in thickness may have 0.85–1.20% manganese on heat analysis, and 0.79–1.30% manganese
on product analysis.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Grade
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa](A)
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % (B)
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % (B)
55 [380]
60 [415]
65 [450]
70 [485]
55–75 [380–515]
30 [205]
23
27
60–80 [415–550]
32 [220]
21
25
65–85 [450–585]
35 [240]
19
23
70–90 [485–620]
38 [260]
17
21
NOTES:
(A) Determined by either the 0.2% offset method or the 0.5% extension-under-load method.
(B) See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustment.
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SA-516/SA-516M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
is included in ASTM Specification A 20/A 20M. Those that are considered suitable for
use with this specification are listed below by title.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
S1.
Vacuum Treatment,
S7.
High-Temperature Tension Test,
S2.
Product Analysis,
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 435/A 435M,
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
S4.1 Additional Tension Test,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 577/A 577M,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
S12.
S6.
Drop Weight Test (for Material 0.625 in.
[16 mm] and over in Thickness),
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 578/A 578M, and
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-516/SA-516M
ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
In addition, the following supplementary requirement is suitable for this application.
Maximum niobium p 0.02%
S54.
Requirements for Carbon Steel Plate for
Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation Service
S54.1 Plates shall be provided in the normalized heattreated condition.
Maximum vanadium plus niobium p 0.03%
(Note: niobium p columbium)
S54.2 The maximum carbon equivalent shall be as
follows:
S54.5 The maximum composition based on heat analysis of Ni + Cu shall be 0.15%.
Plate thickness less than or equal to 1 in. [25 mm]: CE
maximum p 0.43
S54.6 The minimum C content based on heat analysis
shall be 0.18%. The maximum C content shall be as specified for the ordered grade.
Plate thickness greater than 1 in. [25 mm]: CE maximum p 0.45
S54.7 Welding consumables for repair welds shall be
of the low-hydrogen type. E60XX electrodes shall not be
used and the resulting weld chemistry shall meet the same
chemistry requirements as the base metal.
S54.3 Determine the carbon equivalent (CE) as follows:
CE p C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
S54.8 In addition to the requirements for product marking in the specification, an “HF-N” stamp or marking shall
be provided on each plate to identify that the plate complies
with this supplementary requirement.
S54.4 Vanadium and niobium maximum content based
on heat analysis shall be:
Maximum vanadium p 0.02%
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SA-516/SA-516M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
The Committee has identified the location of selected
changes to this standard that may impact the use of this
standard.
(1) Footnote C was added to Table 1.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-517/SA-517M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
ALLOY STEEL, HIGH-STRENGTH, QUENCHED AND
TEMPERED
SA-517/SA-517M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 517/A 517M-06.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers high-strength quenched
and tempered alloy steel plates intended for use in fusion
welded boilers and other pressure vessels.
3.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Plates furnished to this material specification shall
conform to Specification A 20 /A 20M. These requirements
outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures,
permissible variations in dimensions, and mass, quality
and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
1.2 This specification includes a number of grades as
manufactured by different producers, but all having the
same mechanical properties and general characteristics.
3.2 Specification A 20 /A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates furnished under
this specification shall be as follows:
Grade
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
3.3.1 Vacuum treatment,
3.3.2 Additional or special tension testing,
3.3.3 Impact testing, and
3.3.4 Nondestructive examination.
Thickness
A, B
H, S
P
F
E, Q
1.25 in. [32 mm]
2 in. [50 mm]
4 in. [100 mm]
2.50 in. [65 mm]
6 in. [150 mm]
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system is to be used independently of the other without
combining values in any way.
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20 /A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20 /A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A 435 /A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577 /A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578 /A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
4.
Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed
and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement of Specification A 20/A 20M.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 Except as allowed by section 5.2, the plates shall
be heat treated by heating to not less than 1650°F [900°C],
943
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
7.1.2.2 For plates 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] and under in
thickness, the test specimen shall be the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm]
wide rectangular-test specimen.
quenching in water or oil and tempering at not less than
1150°F [620°C].
5.2 Plates ordered without the heat treatment specified
in section 5.1 shall be stress relieved by the manufacturer,
and subsequent heat treatment of the plates to conform to
section 5.1 shall be the responsibility of the purchaser.
7.1.2.3 For plates over 3⁄4 in. [20 mm], either the
full thickness rectangular-test specimen or the 1⁄2 in.
[12.5 mm] round-test specimen may be used.
7.1.2.4 When the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] wide rectangulartest specimen is used, the elongation is measured in a 2 in.
or [50 mm] gage length which includes the fracture.
6.
Chemical Requirements
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20 /A 20M
for grades other than Grade A.
7.2 Impact Properties Requirements:
7.2.1 Transverse Charpy V-notch impact test specimens shall have a lateral expansion opposite the notch of
not less than 0.015 in. [0.38 mm].
7.
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Tension Tests:
7.1.1 Requirements — The plates as represented by
the tension-test specimens shall conform to the requirements given in Table 2.
7.1.2 Test Methods:
7.1.2.1 The yield strength may be determined by
the 0.2% offset method or by the total extension under
load of 0.5% method.
7.2.2 The test temperature shall be agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser, but shall not
be higher than 32°F [0°C].
8.
Keywords
8.1 alloy steel; boilers; high-strength; impact tested;
plates; pressure vessels; quenched; tempered
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-517/SA-517M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Elements
Carbon:
Heat analysis
Product Analysis
Manganese:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, maxA
Sulfur, maxA
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Nickel:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Chromium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Molybdenum:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Boron
Vanadium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Titanium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Zirconium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Copper:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Columbium, max
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Grade A
Grade B
Grade E
Grade F
Grade H
Grade P
Grade Q
Grade S
0.15–0.21
0.13–0.23
0.15–0.21
0.13–0.23
0.12–0.20
0.10–0.22
0.10–0.20
0.08–0.22
0.12–0.21
0.10–0.23
0.12–0.21
0.10–0.23
0.14–0.21
0.12–0.23
0.10–0.20
0.10–0.22
0.80–1.10
0.74–1.20
0.035
0.035
0.70–1.00
0.64–1.10
0.035
0.035
0.40–0.70
0.35–0.78
0.035
0.035
0.60–1.00
0.55–1.10
0.035
0.035
0.95–1.30
0.87–1.41
0.035
0.035
0.45–0.70
0.40–0.78
0.035
0.035
0.95–1.30
0.87–1.41
0.035
0.035
1.10–1.50
1.02–1.62
0.035
0.035
0.40–0.80
0.34–0.86
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.10–0.40
0.08–0.45
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.20–0.35
0.18–0.37
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.70–1.00
0.67–1.03
0.30–0.70
0.27–0.73
1.20–1.50
1.15–1.55
1.20–1.50
1.15–1.55
...
...
0.50–0.80
0.46–0.84
0.40–0.65
0.36–0.69
1.40–2.00
1.34–2.06
0.40–0.65
0.36–0.69
0.40–0.65
0.36–0.69
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.26
1.00–1.50
0.94–1.56
...
...
0.45–0.60
0.41–0.64
0.001–0.005
0.40–0.60
0.36–0.64
...
0.10–0.35
0.10–0.38
...
...
...
0.03–0.08
0.02–0.09
...
...
0.18–0.28
0.15–0.25
0.40–0.60 0.40–0.60
0.20–0.30
0.15–0.31
0.12–0.28
0.36–0.64 0.36–0.64
0.17–0.33
0.0025 max 0.0005–0.005 0.001–0.005 0.0005–0.006 0.0005 min
B
0.03–0.08
0.02–0.09
0.03–0.08
0.02–0.09
...
...
0.03–0.08
0.02–0.09
...
...
...
0.01–0.03
0.01–0.04
0.01–0.10
0.005–0.11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.06
0.07
0.05C–0.15
0.04–0.16
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.15–0.50
0.12–0.53
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.06
0.07
A
Applied to both heat and product analyses.
May be substituted for part or all of titanium content on a one for one basis.
C
Zirconium may be replaced by cerium. When cerium is added, the cerium/sulfur ratio should be approximately 1.5 to 1, based on heat
analysis.
B
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %A
Reduction of area, min, %:
Rectangular specimens
Round specimens
A
2.50 in. [65 mm]
and Under
Over 2.50 to 6 in.
[65 to 150 mm]
115–135 [795–930]
100 [690]
16
105–135 [725 to 930]
90 [620]
14
35
45
...
45
See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustment.
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SA-517/SA-517M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
are included in Specification A 20 /A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use
with this specification are listed by title. Other tests may be performed by agreement
between the supplier and the purchaser.
S1.
Vacuum Treatment,
S2.
Product Analysis,
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
S6.
S7.
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specifica-tion A 435 /A 435M,
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 577 /A 577M,
Drop Weight Test (for Material 0.625 in.
[16 mm] and Over in Thickness),
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 578 /A 578M, and
High-Temperature Tension Test,
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-522/SA-522M
SPECIFICATION FOR FORGED OR ROLLED 8 AND 9%
NICKEL ALLOY STEEL FLANGES, FITTINGS, VALVES,
AND PARTS FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE
SA-522/SA-522M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 522/A 522M-07.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers 8 and 9% nickel-alloy
steel forged or rolled flanges, fittings, valves, and parts
intended for use in welded pressure vessels for low-temperature service. The specification is applicable to forgings
with maximum section thickness of 3 in. [75 mm] in the
double normalized and tempered condition and 5 in.
[125 mm] in the quenched and tempered condition. Forgings under this specification are intended for service at
operating temperatures not lower than −320°F [−196°C]
for Type I or −275°F [−170°C] for Type II or higher than
250°F [121°C].
A 788 /A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General
Requirements
A 961 /A 961M Specification for Common Requirements
for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
Piping Applications
3.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform
to the requirements of Specification A 961, including any
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the requirements of
Specification A 961 constitutes nonconformance with this
specification.
1.2 Material under this specification is available in two
types having different chemical compositions as follows:
Type
Nominal Nickel Content, %
I
II
9
8
3.2 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in
the purchase order all ordering information necessary to
furnish the needed material. Examples of such information
include but are not limited to the ordering information in
Specification A 961 and following:
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound
units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
3.2.1 Any supplementary requirements, and
3.2.2 Additional requirements, (See 4.5, 5.2, 6.1, 7.2,
and 10.3).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The steel shall be produced in accordance with the
melting process section of Specification A 788.
4.2 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots, or
either forged or rolled blooms, billets, or bars.
4.3 The finished product shall be a forging as defined
in the Terminology Section of Specification A 788.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
4.4 Except for flanges of all types, hollow cylindrically
shaped parts may be made from hot-rolled or forged bar,
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
provided that the axial length of the part is approximately
parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Except for all
types of flanges, elbows, return bends, tees, and header
tees, other parts up to and including NPS 4 may be
machined from hot-rolled or forged bar.
minimum rate of 300°F [165°C]/h to a temperature not
exceeding 600°F [315°C].
7.
Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tension Test — Forgings to Types 1 and 2 shall
conform to the tensile requirements of Table 2.
4.5 When specified in the order, the manufacturer shall
submit for purchaser’s approval a sketch showing the shape
of the rough forging before machining.
7.2 Impact Test — The Charpy impact test requirements
in Table 3 shall be met unless Supplementary Requirement
S2 of this specification has been specified.
5.
Chemical Composition
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements of
Table 1.
7.2.1 The values for energy absorption and the fracture appearance in percentage of shear fracture for each
specimen shall be recorded and reported for information.
5.2 If required by the purchaser, product analysis may
be performed in accordance with the requirements of
A 961.
8.
Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 The forgings shall have a workman-like finish and
shall be free of injurious defects.
6.
Heat Treatment
6.1 The forgings shall be heat treated by the manufacturer by either of the following methods as mutually agreed
upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
9.
Number of Tests and Retests
9.1 At least one tension test and one set of Charpy
V-notch impact tests shall be made from each heat in each
heat-treatment charge.
6.1.1 Quenched and Tempered — Heat to a uniform
temperature of 1475 ± 25°F [800 ± 15°C]; hold at this
temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm]
of thickness but in no case less than 30 min; quench by
immersion in circulating water. Reheat until the forging
attains a uniform temperature within the range from 1050
to 1125°F [565 to 605°C]; hold at this temperature for a
minimum time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] of thickness but
in no case less than 30 min; cool in air or water quench,
at a rate not less than 300°F [165°C]/h.
9.2 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform
to the specified requirements, the manufacturer may retreat
the forgings, but not more than three additional times.
Retreatment involves re-austenitizing the forgings. Retests
shall be made in accordance with this section.
9.3 If the lateral expansion result from one Charpy
impact specimen falls below 0.015 in. [0.38 mm], but not
less than 0.010 in. [0.25 mm], and the average test result
equals or exceeds 0.015 mm [0.38 mm], then one retest
of three additional specimens may be made. The lateral
expansion obtained from each of the three retest specimens
shall equal or exceed 0.015 in. [0.38 mm].
6.1.2 Double Normalized and Tempered — Heat to
a uniform temperature of 1650°F [900°C]; hold at this
temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm]
of thickness but in no case less than 30 min; cool in air.
Reheat until the forging attains a uniform temperature of
1450°F [790°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum
time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] of thickness but in no case
less than 30 min; cool in air. Reheat to a uniform temperature within the range from 1050 to 1125°F [565 to 605°C];
hold at this temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in.
[2.5 min/mm] of thickness but in no case less than 30 min;
cool in air or water quench, at a rate not less than 300°F
[165°C]/h.
10. Test Specimens
10.1 The test specimens shall be located at any point
midway between the center and surface of solid forgings,
and at any point mid-thickness of the heaviest section of
hollow or bored forgings. For solid forgings where test
metal is provided on the periphery, test specimens shall
be taken at mid-thickness of the test prolongation.
6.2 When stress relieving is to be performed after fabrication, the recommended stress-relieving treatment is as
follows: gradually and uniformly heat the steel to a temperature between 1025 and 1085°F [550 and 585°C]; hold for
a minimum of 2 h for thicknesses up to 1 in. [25 mm].
For thicknesses over 1 in. [25 mm], a minimum additional
holding time in the ratio of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] of thickness in excess of 1 in. [25 mm] shall be added. Cool at a
10.2 Tests shall be oriented so that the longitudinal
axis of the specimen is parallel to the major direction of
grain flow.
10.3 When fabrication requires stress relieving, the
purchaser shall specify stress relieving of the test pieces
prior to machining of the test specimens. Stress relieving
shall be carried out as prescribed in 6.2.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-522/SA-522M
11. Method of Impact Testing
11.1 The impact test shall be made in accordance with
the simple beam, Charpy type of test described in the latest
issue of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
including the impact test temperature, and test coupon
stress relief details if applicable,
11.2 Precaution shall be taken so that when broken,
the test specimens shall be within ± 3°F [1.7°C] of the
specified test temperature.
14.1.5 The year date and revision letter, if any, of
the specification. Note, this information is not required to
be marked on the forgings.
12. Inspection
12.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall
have free entry, at all times while work on the contract
of the purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the
manufacturer’s works that concern the manufacture of the
material ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy the inspector that
the material is being furnished in accordance with this
specification. All tests (except product analysis) and
inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior
to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall be conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.
15. Product Marking
15.1 Each forging shall be legibly stamped by the manufacturer with the heat number or his heat identification,
the manufacturer’s name (see Note 1) or trademark, and
this specification number, A 522 or A 522M as applicable,
8NI, or 9NI, and QT or NNT as applicable.
14.1.4 Results of any additional or supplementary
requirements specified by the purchaser, and
NOTE 1 — For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer
is considered the organization that certifies the piping component was
manufactured, sampled, and tested in accordance with this specification
and the results have been determined to meet the requirements of this
specification.
15.2 Forgings impact tested at a temperature other than
that specified in Table 3, by the use of Supplementary
Requirement S2, shall be marked with the letters LTV
following the specification number, as well as the temperature scale used. For forgings to A 522, these letters shall
be followed by the impact test temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit. A prefix 0 to the test temperature indicates a
temperature below 0°F, for example A 522 Type 1
LTV0300F indicates −300°F. For forgings to A 522M, the
letters LTV shall be followed by the impact test temperature in degrees Celsius. A prefix 0 to the test temperature
indicates a temperature below 0°C, for example A 522M
Type 1 LTV0150C indicates −150°C.
12.2 The manufacturer shall report to the purchaser or
the purchaser’s representative the heat treatments applied
to the material and to the test blocks and the results of the
chemical analysis and mechanical tests made in accordance
with this specification and the heat number or his heat
identification.
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13. Rejection
13.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based
on tests made in accordance with Section 5 and 7 shall be
reported to the manufacturer within 60 days from the
receipt of samples or test reports by the purchaser.
15.3 The purchaser may specify additional identification marking and the location of all stamping. The type of
stamps shall be round or “interrupted-dot” die stamps having a radius of 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm].
13.2 Each forging in which injurious metal defects are
exposed during subsequent machining shall be rejected and
the manufacturer notified.
15.4 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
15.1, 15.2, and 15.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identification method. The purchaser may specify
in the order a specific bar coding system to be used. The
bar coding system, if applied at the discretion of the supplier, should be consistent with one of the published industry standards for bar coding. If used on small parts, the
bar code may be applied to the box or a substantially
applied tag.
14. Certification
14.1 Test reports, when required, shall include certification that all requirements of this specification have been
met. The manufacturer shall provide the following where
applicable:
14.1.1 Whether Type 1 or Type 11 material has been
supplied and the chemical analysis results in accordance
with Section 5,
16. Keywords
16.1 low temperature applications; nickel alloy steel;
pipe fittings; steel; piping applications; pressure containing
parts; steel flanges; steel forgings; alloy; steel valves
14.1.2 Type of heat treatment used,
14.1.3 Results of tension and Charpy impact tests
(together with absorbed energy and % shear fracture)
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SA-522/SA-522M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Carbon, max
Manganese, max
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
SiliconA
Nickel
Type I
Type II
0.13
0.90
0.025
0.025
0.15–0.30
8.5–9.5
0.13
0.90
0.025
0.025
0.15–0.30
7.5–8.5
Tensile strength, min., ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min., (0.2% off-set), ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min., %
Reduction of area, min., %
TABLE 3
CHARPY V-NOTCH LATERAL EXPANSION
REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD SIZE [10 X 10 MM]
SPECIMENS
A
When vacuum carbon deoxidation is used, the maximum silicon
content shall be 0.10%.
Lateral
Type Expansion in. [mm]
1
2
A
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100 [690]
75 [515]
22
45
0.015 [0.38]
0.015 [0.38]
Temperature
°F [°C]A
Report Absorbed
Energy and %
Shear Fracture
−320 [−195]
−275 [−170]
Yes
Yes
Except when Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-522/SA-522M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the supplementary requirements described below may be included in
purchaser’s order or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have
the same force as if it were in the body of the specification. Supplementary requirement
details not fully described shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier,
but shall not negate any of the requirements in the body of the specification.
S1. Nondestructive Tests
S1.1 Ultrasonic Tests — Ultrasonic tests may be made
by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser.
S2.
Other Impact Test Temperatures
S2.1 The purchaser may specify an impact test temperature higher than that in Table 3 but no higher than the
minimum intended operating temperature for the forging.
S1.2 Liquid Penetrant Tests — Liquid penetrant tests
may be made by agreement between manufacturer and
purchaser.
S2.2 Marking shall be in accordance with 15.2.
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-524
SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS CARBON STEEL PIPE
FOR ATMOSPHERIC AND LOWER TEMPERATURES
SA-524
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 524-93.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers seamless carbon steel pipe
intended primarily for service at atmospheric and lower
temperatures, NPS 1⁄8 to 26 inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thickness as given in ANSI B36.10. Pipe having
other dimensions may be furnished, provided such pipe
complies with all other requirements of this specification.
Pipe ordered to this specification shall be suitable both for
welding, and for bending, flanging, and similar forming
operations.
of Specification A 530 /A 530M unless otherwise provided
herein.
4.
Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (seamless carbon steel pipe),
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
regarded as the standard.
4.1.3 Grade (Tables 1 and 2),
4.1.4 Manufacture (hot finished or cold drawn),
NOTE 1 — The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size”.
4.1.5 Size (either nominal wall thickness and weight
class or schedule number, or both, or outside diameter and
nominal wall thickness, ANSI B36.10),
1.3 The following hazard caveat applies to the test
methods portion, Section 12, only. This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any,
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
4.1.6 Length (Section 16),
4.1.7 Optional requirements (Section 8, Section 11,
and Section 17 of Specification A 530 /A 530M),
4.1.8 Test report required (Certification Section of
Specification A 530 /A 530M),
4.1.9 Specification designation,
4.1.10 End use of material, and
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 530 /A 530M Specification for General Requirements
for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.11 Special requirements.
5.
2.2 American National Standards Institute Standard:
B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Process:
5.1.1 The steel shall be killed steel made by one or
more of the following processes: open-hearth, electricfurnace, or basic-oxygen.
5.1.2 The steel shall be made to fine grain practice.
3.
General Requirements
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition
5.1.3 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand
cast. When steel of different grades are sequentially strand
953
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SA-524
2010 SECTION II, PART A
cast, identification of the resultant transition material is
required. The producer shall remove the transition material
by any established procedure that positively separates the
grades.
9.2 Bending Properties:
9.2.1 For pipe NPS 2 and under, a sufficient length
of pipe shall stand being bent cold through 90° around a
cylindrical mandrel, the diameter of which is twelve times
the nominal diameter of the pipe, without developing
cracks. When ordered for close coiling, the pipe shall stand
being bent cold through 180° around a cylindrical mandrel,
the diameter of which is eight times the nominal diameter
of the pipe, without failure.
9.2.2 For pipe whose diameter exceeds 25 in.
(635 mm) and whose diameter to wall thickness ratio is
7.0 or less, bend test specimens shall be bent at room
temperature through 180° without cracking on the outside
of the bent portion. The inside diameter of the bend shall
be 1 in. (25.4 mm). This test shall be in place of Section 10.
5.1.4 Pipe NPS 11⁄2 and under may be either hot
finished or cold drawn.
5.1.5 Unless otherwise specified, pipe NPS 2 and
over shall be furnished hot finished. When agreed upon
between the manufacturer and purchaser, cold-drawn pipe
may be furnished.
5.2 Heat Treatment:
6.
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5.2.1 All hot-finished and cold-drawn pipe shall be
reheated to a temperature above 1550°F (845°C) and followed by cooling in air or in the cooling chamber of a
controlled atmosphere furnace.
NOTE 3 — Diameter to wall thickness ratio p specified outside
diameter /nominal wall thickness.
Example: For 28 in. diameter 5.000 in. thick pipe the diameter to wall
thickness ratio p 28 /5 p 5.6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
10. Flattening Test Requirements
10.1 For pipe over NPS 2, a section of pipe not less
than 21⁄2 in. (63.5 mm) in length shall be flattened cold
between parallel plates until the opposite walls of the pipe
meet. Flattening tests shall be in accordance with Specification A 530, except that in the equation used to calculate
the H value, the following e constants shall be used:
7.
Heat Analysis
7.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by
the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the
elements specified in Section 6. The chemical composition
thus determined, or that determined from a product analysis
made by the manufacturer, if the latter has not manufactured the steel, shall be reported to the purchaser or the
purchaser’s representative, and shall conform to the
requirements specified in Section 6.
0.07 for Grade I
0.08 for Grade II
10.2 When low D-to-t ratio tubulars are tested, because
the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably high
on the inside surface at the 6 and 12 o’clock locations,
cracks at these locations shall not be cause for rejection if
the D-to-t ratio is less than 10.
8.
Product Analysis
8.1 At the request of the purchaser, analyses of two
pipes from each lot (Note 2) shall be made by the manufacturer from the finished pipe. The chemical composition thus
determined shall conform to the requirements specified in
Section 6.
11. Hydrostatic Test Requirements
11.1 Each length of pipe shall be subjected to the
hydrostatic pressure, except as provided in 11.2.
NOTE 2 — A lot shall consist of 400 lengths, or fraction thereof, for
each size NPS 2 up to but not including NPS 6, and of 200 lengths, or
fraction thereof, for each size NPS 6 and over.
11.2 When specified in the order, pipe may be furnished
without hydrostatic testing and each length so furnished
shall include with the mandatory marking the letters “NH.”
8.2 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 8.1
does not conform to the requirements specified in Section
6, analyses shall be made on additional pipe of double the
original number from the same lot, each of which shall
conform to requirements specified.
11.3 When certification is required by the purchaser
and the hydrostatic test has been omitted, the certification
shall clearly state “Not Hydrostatically Tested,” and the
specification number and grade designation, as shown on
the certification, shall be followed by the letters “NH.”
9.
Physical Properties
9.1 Tensile Properties — The material shall conform
to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in
Table 2.
12. Test Specimens and Methods of Testing
12.1 Specimens cut either longitudinally or transversely
shall be acceptable for the tension test.
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12.2 Test specimens for the bend test specified in 9.2
and for the flattening tests specified in Section 10 shall
consist of sections cut from a pipe. Specimens for flattening
tests shall be smooth on the ends and free from burrs,
except when made on crop ends.
SA-524
15.2 Diameter — Variations in outside diameter shall
not exceed those specified in Table 3.
15.3 Thickness — The minimum wall thickness at any
point shall not be more than 12.5% under the nominal wall
thickness specified.
12.3 Test specimens for the bend test specified in 9.2.2
shall be cut from one end of the pipe and, unless otherwise
specified, shall be taken in a transverse direction. One test
specimen shall be taken as close to the outer surface as
possible and another from as close to the inner surface as
possible. The specimens shall be either 1 ⁄ 2 by 1 ⁄ 2 in.
(12.7 mm) in section or 1 by 1⁄2 in. (25.4 by 12.7 mm) in
section with the corners rounded to a radius not over 1⁄16 in.
(1.6 mm) and need not exceed 6 in. (152 mm) in length.
The side of the samples placed in tension during the bend
shall be the side closest to the inner and outer surface of
the pipe respectively.
NOTE 4 — The minimum wall thickness on inspection is shown in
Appendix, Table X1.1.
16. Lengths
16.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following regular practice:
16.1.1 The lengths required shall be specified in the
order, and
16.1.2 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise
specified.
16.2 If definite lengths are not required, pipe may be
ordered in single random lengths of 16 to 22 ft (4.9 to
6.7 m), with 5% 12 to 16 ft (3.7 to 4.9 m), or in double
random lengths with a minimum average of 35 ft (10.7 m)
and a minimum length of 22 ft with 5% 16 to 22 ft.
13. Number of Tests and Retests
13.1 One of either of the tests specified in 9.1 shall be
made on one length of pipe from each lot (Note 2).
13.2 For pipe NPS 2 and under, the bend test specified
in 9.2 shall be made on one pipe from each lot (Note 2).
The bend tests specified in 9.2.2 shall be made on one end
of each pipe.
17. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
17.1 The pipe manufacturer shall explore a sufficient
number of visual surface imperfections to provide reasonable assurance that they have been properly evaluated with
respect to depth. Exploration of all surface imperfections
is not required but may be necessary to assure compliance
with 17.2.
13.3 The flattening test specified in Section 10 shall
be made on one length of pipe from each lot (Note 2).
13.4 Retests shall be in accordance with Specification
A 530 and as provided in 13.5 and 13.6.
17.2 Surface imperfections that penetrate more than
121⁄2% of the nominal wall thickness or encroach on the
minimum wall thickness shall be considered defects. Pipe
with such defects shall be given one of the following dispositions:
13.5 If a specimen breaks in an inside or outside surface
flaw, a retest shall be allowed.
13.6 Should a crop end of a finished pipe fail in the
flattening test, one retest may be made from the broken end.
17.2.1 The defect may be removed by grinding provided that the remaining wall thickness is within specified
limits.
14. Dimensions and Weights
14.1 The dimensions and weights of plain-end pipe are
included in ANSI B36.10. Sizes and wall thicknesses most
generally available are listed in Appendix, Table X1.2.
17.2.2 Repaired in accordance with the repair welding provisions of 17.6.
17.2.3 The section of pipe containing the defect may
be cut off within the limits of requirements on length.
15. Dimensions, Weight, and Permissible Variations
15.1 Weight — The weight of any length of pipe shall
not vary more than 6.5% over and 3.5% under that specified
for pipe of Schedule 120 and lighter nor more than 10%
over and 3.5% under that specified for pipe heavier than
Schedule 120. Unless otherwise agreed upon between the
manufacturer and purchaser, pipe in sizes NPS 4 and
smaller may be weighed in convenient lots; pipe in sizes
larger than NPS 4 shall be weighed separately.
17.2.4 Rejected.
17.3 To provide a workmanlike finish and basis for
evaluating conformance with 17.2, the pipe manufacturer
shall remove by grinding the following noninjurious imperfections:
17.3.1 Mechanical marks, abrasions (Note 5) and
pits, any of which imperfections are deeper than 1⁄16 in.
(1.58 mm).
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SA-524
2010 SECTION II, PART A
NOTE 5 — Marks and abrasions are defined as cable marks, dinges,
guide marks, roll marks, ball scratches, scores, die marks, and the like.
18.
Rejection
18.1 Each length of pipe that develops injurious defects
during shop working or application operations will be
rejected, and the manufacturer shall be notified. No rejections under this or any other specifications shall be marked
as specified in Section 19 for sale under this specification
except where such pipe fails to comply with the weight
requirements alone, in which case it may be sold under
the weight specifications with which it does comply.
17.3.2 Visual imperfections, commonly referred to
as scabs, seams, laps, tears or slivers, found by exploration
in accordance with 17.1 to be deeper than 5% of the nominal wall thickness.
17.4 At the purchaser’s discretion, pipe shall be subject
to rejection if surface imperfections acceptable under 17.2
are not scattered, but appear over a large area in excess of
what is considered a workmanlike finish. Disposition of
such pipe shall be a matter of agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
19.
17.5 When imperfections or defects are removed by
grinding, a smooth curved surface shall be maintained,
and the wall thickness shall not be decreased below that
permitted by this specification. The outside diameter at
the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount so
removed.
Product Marking
19.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification A 530 /A 530M, the marking shall include the hydrostatic test pressure when tested or the letters “NH” when
not tested, the length and schedule number, and on pipe
sizes larger than NPS 4 the weight shall be given. Length
shall be marked in feet and tenths of a foot, or metres to
two decimal places, depending on the units to which the
material was ordered, or other marking subject to
agreement.
17.5.1 Wall thickness measurements shall be made
with a mechanical caliper or with a properly calibrated
nondestructive testing device of appropriate accuracy. In
case of dispute, the measurement determined by use of the
mechanical caliper shall govern.
19.2 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
19.1, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with the
Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) standard prepared by the Primary Metals Subcommittee of the AIAG
Bar Code Project Team.
17.6 Weld repair shall be permitted only subject to the
approval of the purchaser and in accordance with Specification A 530 /A 530M.
17.7 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight.
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
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Element
Grades I and II,
Composition, %
Carbon, max
Manganese
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
Silicon
0.21
0.90–1.35
0.035
0.035
0.10–0.40
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-524
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Wall Thicknesses
Grade I, 0.375 in.
(95.2 mm) and under
Grade II, greater than 0.375 in.
(95.2 mm)
60 000–85 000
(414–586)
35 000 (240)
55 000–80 000
(380–550)
30 000 (205)
Tensile strength, psi (MPa)
Yield strength, min, psi (MPa)
Longitudinal
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Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:
Basic minimum elongation for walls 5⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) and over in
thickness, strip tests, and for all small sizes tested in full section
When standard round 2 in. or 50 mm gage length test specimen is
used for strip tests, a deduction for each 1⁄32 in. (0.8 mm) decrease
in wall thickness below 5⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) from the basic minimum
elongation of the following percentage
Transverse
Longitudinal
Transverse
30
16.5
35
25
22
1.50A
12
1.00A
28
...
20
...
A The following table gives the computed minimum values:
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %
Wall Thickness
Grade I
in.
mm
Longitudinal
Transverse
⁄16 (0.312)
⁄32 (0.281)
1
⁄4 (0.250)
7
⁄32 (0.219)
3
⁄16 (0.188)
5
⁄32 (0.156)
1
⁄8 (0.125)
3
⁄32 (0.094)
1
⁄18 (0.062)
7.94
7.14
6.35
5.56
4.76
3.97
3.18
2.38
1.59
30.0
28.5
27.0
25.5
24.0
22.5
21.0
19.5
18.0
16.5
15.5
14.5
...
...
...
...
...
...
5
9
NOTE — The above table gives the computer minimum elongation values for each 1⁄32 in. (0.79 mm) decrease
in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values shown above, the minimum elongation
value is determined by the following equation:
Grade
Direction of Test
Equation
I
I
transverse
longitudinal
E p 32t + 6.50
E p 48t + 15.00
where:
E p elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm in % and
t p actual thickness of specimen, in. (mm)
TABLE 3
VARIATIONS IN OUTSIDE DIAMETER
Permissible Variations in Outside
Diameter, in. (mm)
NPS Designator
1
⁄8 to 11⁄2, incl
Over 11⁄2 to 4, incl
Over 4 to 8, incl
Over 8 to 18, incl
Over 18
Over
Under
1
1
1
1
⁄64 (0.4)
⁄32 (0.8)
1
⁄16 (1.6)
3
⁄32 (2.4)
1
⁄8 (3.2)
⁄32
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
⁄32
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
957
Copyright ASME International
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SA-524
2010 SECTION II, PART A
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
TABLE X1.1
TABLE OF MINIMUM WALL THICKNESSES ON INSPECTION FOR NOMINAL (AVERAGE) PIPE WALL THICKNESS
Nominal
(Average)
Thickness (tn)
Minimum
Thickness on
Inspection (tm)
Nominal
(Average)
Thickness (tn)
Minimum
Thickness on
Inspection (tm)
Nominal
(Average)
Thickness (tn)
Minimum
Thickness on
Inspection (tm)
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
0.068
0.083
0.088
0.091
0.095
0.109
0.113
0.119
0.125
0.126
0.133
0.140
0.141
0.145
0.147
0.154
0.156
0.172
0.179
0.188
0.191
0.200
0.203
0.210
0.216
0.218
0.219
0.226
0.237
0.250
0.258
0.276
0.277
0.279
0.280
1.73
2.11
2.24
2.31
2.41
2.77
2.87
3.02
3.18
3.20
3.38
3.56
3.58
3.68
3.73
3.91
3.96
4.37
4.55
4.78
4.85
5.08
5.16
5.33
5.49
5.54
5.56
5.74
6.02
6.35
6.55
7.01
7.04
7.09
7.11
0.060
0.073
0.077
0.080
0.083
0.095
0.099
0.104
0.109
0.110
0.116
0.122
0.123
0.127
0.129
0.135
0.136
0.150
0.157
0.164
0.167
0.175
0.178
0.184
0.189
0.191
0.192
0.198
0.207
0.219
0.226
0.242
0.242
0.244
0.245
1.52
1.85
1.96
2.03
2.11
2.41
2.51
2.64
2.77
2.79
2.95
3.10
3.12
3.23
3.28
3.43
3.45
3.81
3.99
4.17
4.24
4.44
4.52
4.67
4.80
4.85
4.88
5.03
5.26
5.56
5.74
6.15
6.15
6.19
6.22
0.281
0.294
0.300
0.307
0.308
0.312
0.318
0.322
0.330
0.337
0.344
0.358
0.365
0.375
0.382
0.400
0.406
0.432
0.436
0.438
0.469
0.500
0.531
0.552
0.562
0.594
0.600
0.625
0.656
0.674
0.688
0.719
0.750
0.812
0.844
7.14
7.47
7.62
7.80
7.82
7.92
8.07
8.18
8.38
8.56
8.74
9.09
9.27
9.52
9.70
10.16
10.31
10.97
11.07
11.12
11.91
12.70
13.49
14.02
14.27
15.09
15.24
15.88
16.66
17.12
17.48
18.26
19.05
20.62
21.44
0.246
0.257
0.262
0.269
0.270
0.273
0.278
0.282
0.289
0.295
0.301
0.313
0.319
0.328
0.334
0.350
0.355
0.378
0.382
0.383
0.410
0.438
0.465
0.483
0.492
0.520
0.525
0.547
0.574
0.590
0.602
0.629
0.656
0.710
0.739
6.25
6.53
6.65
6.83
6.86
6.93
7.06
7.16
7.34
7.49
7.64
7.95
8.10
8.33
8.48
8.89
9.02
9.60
9.70
9.73
10.41
11.13
11.81
12.27
12.50
13.21
13.34
13.89
14.58
14.99
15.29
15.98
16.66
18.03
18.77
0.864
0.875
0.906
0.938
0.968
1.000
1.031
1.062
1.094
1.125
1.156
1.219
1.250
1.281
1.312
1.375
1.406
1.438
1.500
1.531
1.562
1.594
1.635
1.750
1.781
1.812
1.875
1.969
2.000
2.062
2.125
2.200
2.344
2.500
21.94
22.22
23.01
23.82
24.59
25.40
26.19
26.97
27.79
28.58
29.36
30.96
31.75
32.54
33.32
34.92
35.71
36.53
38.10
38.89
39.67
40.49
41.53
44.45
45.24
46.02
47.62
50.01
50.80
52.37
53.98
55.88
59.54
63.50
0.756
0.766
0.793
0.821
0.847
0.875
0.902
0.929
0.957
0.984
1.012
1.066
1.094
1.121
1.148
1.203
1.230
1.258
1.312
1.340
1.367
1.395
1.431
1.531
1.558
1.586
1.641
1.723
1.750
1.804
1.859
1.925
2.051
2.188
19.20
19.46
20.14
20.85
21.51
22.22
22.91
23.60
24.31
24.99
25.70
27.08
27.79
28.47
29.16
30.56
31.24
31.95
33.32
34.04
34.72
35.43
36.35
38.89
39.57
40.28
41.68
43.76
44.45
45.82
47.22
48.90
52.10
55.58
NOTES:
(1) The following equation, upon which this table is based, may be applied to calculated minimum wall thickness from nominal (average) wall
thickness:
tn ⴛ 0.875 p tm
where:
tn p nominal (average) wall thickness, in. [mm], and
tm p minimum wall thickness, in. [mm]
The wall thickness is expressed to three decimal places, the fourth decimal place being carried forward or dropped, in accordance with
Practice E 29.
(2) This table is a master table covering wall thicknesses available in the purchase of different classifications of pipe, but it is not meant to imply
that all of the walls listed therein are obtainable under this specification.
958
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-524
TABLE X1.2
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS AND TEST PRESSURES FOR PLAIN END PIPE
(As appears in American National Standard B36.10)
NPS
Designator
1
⁄8
1
⁄4
3
⁄8
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
1
11⁄4
11⁄2
2
21⁄2
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
3
31⁄2
4
5
6
Weight
Class
Schedule
No.
Test Pressure
Wall
Thickness
Nominal Weight
in. (mm)
lb/ft (kg/m)
0.068 (1.73)
0.095 (2.41)
0.088 (2.24)
0.119 (3.02)
0.091 (2.31)
0.126 (3.20)
0.109 (2.77)
0.147 (3.73)
0.294 (7.47)
0.24 (0.36)
0.31 (0.46)
0.42 (0.63)
0.54 (0.80)
0.57 (0.85)
0.74 (1.10)
0.85 (1.27)
1.09 (1.62)
1.71 (2.55)
std
XS
std
XS
std
XS
std
XS
XXS
40
80
40
80
40
80
40
80
...
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
0.113 (2.87)
0.154 (3.91)
0.308 (7.82)
0.133 (3.38)
0.179 (4.55)
0.358 (9.09)
0.140 (3.56)
0.191 (4.85)
0.382 (9.70)
1.13 (1.68)
1.47 (2.19)
2.44 (3.63)
1.68 (2.50)
2.17 (3.23)
3.66 (5.45)
2.27 (3.38)
3.00 (4.47)
5.21 (7.76)
std
XS
XXS
std
XS
XXS
std
XS
XXS
40
80
...
40
80
...
40
80
...
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2500 (17.2)
0.145 (3.68)
0.200 (5.08)
0.400 (10.16)
0.154 (3.91)
0.218 (5.54)
0.344 (8.74)
0.436 (11.07)
0.203 (5.16)
0.276 (7.01)
0.375 (9.52)
0.552 (14.02)
2.72 (4.05)
3.63 (5.41)
6.41 (9.55)
3.65 (5.44)
5.02 (7.48)
7.46 (11.12)
9.03 (13.45)
5.79 (8.62)
7.66 (11.41)
10.01 (14.91)
13.70 (20.41)
std
XS
XXS
std
XS
...
XXS
std
XS
...
XXS
40
80
...
40
80
160
...
40
80
160
...
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
...
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
...
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
...
...
...
2500 (17.2)
...
...
...
2500 (17.2)
...
...
...
2500 (17.2)
0.216 (5.49)
0.300 (7.62)
0.438 (11.13)
0.600 (15.24)
0.226 (5.74)
0.318 (8.08)
0.237 (6.02)
0.337 (8.56)
0.438 (11.13)
0.531 (13.49)
0.674 (17.12)
7.58 (11.29)
10.25 (15.27)
14.32 (21.34)
18.58 (27.67)
9.11 (13.57)
12.51 (18.63)
10.79 (16.07)
14.98 (22.31)
19.00 (28.30)
22.51 (33.53)
27.54 (41.02)
std
XS
...
XXS
std
XS
std
XS
...
...
XXS
40
80
160
...
40
80
40
80
120
160
...
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
...
...
2400 (16.5)
2800 (19.3)
2200 (15.2)
2800 (19.3)
...
...
...
...
...
2500 (17.2)
2500 (17.2)
...
...
...
...
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (29.3)
0.258 (6.55)
0.375 (9.52)
0.500 (12.70)
0.625 (15.88)
0.750 (19.05)
0.280 (7.11)
0.432 (10.97)
0.562 (14.27)
0.719 (18.26)
0.864 (21.95)
14.62 (21.78)
20.78 (30.95)
27.04 (40.28)
32.96 (49.09)
38.55 (57.42)
18.97 (28.26)
28.57 (42.56)
36.39 (54.20)
45.35 (67.55)
53.16 (79.68)
std
XS
...
...
XXS
std
XS
...
...
XXS
40
80
120
160
...
40
80
120
160
...
1900 (13.1)
2800 (19.3)
...
...
...
1800 (12.4)
...
...
...
...
...
...
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
...
2300 (15.9)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
Grade I
Grade II
psi (MPa)
psi (MPa)
959
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
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Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
Not for Resale, 07/20/2010 10:05:09 MDT
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
SA-524
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE X1.2
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS AND TEST PRESSURES FOR PLAIN END PIPE (CONT’D)
(As appears in American National Standard B36.10)
Nominal Weight
in. (mm)
lb/ft (kg/m)
0.250 (6.35)
0.277 (7.04)
0.322 (8.18)
0.406 (10.31)
0.500 (12.70)
0.594 (15.09)
0.719 (18.26)
0.812 (20.62)
0.875 (22.22)
0.906 (23.01)
22.36 (33.31)
24.70 (36.79)
28.55 (42.53)
35.64 (53.10)
43.39 (64.63)
50.95 (75.92)
60.71 (90.43)
67.76 (100.96)
72.42 (107.87)
74.69 (111.29)
...
...
std
...
XS
...
...
...
XXS
...
20
30
40
60
80
100
120
140
...
160
1200 (8.3)
1300 (9.0)
1600 (11.0)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1700
2100
2500
2800
2800
2800
2800
(11.7)
(14.5)
(17.2)
(19.3)
(19.3)
(19.3)
(19.3)
0.250 (6.35)
0.279 (7.09)
0.307 (7.80)
0.365 (9.27)
0.500 (12.70)
0.594 (15.09)
0.719 (18.26)
0.844 (21.44)
1.000 (25.40)
1.125 (28.58)
28.04 (41.77)
31.20 (46.47)
34.24 (51.00)
40.48 (60.29)
54.74 (81.55)
64.43 (96.00)
77.03 (114.74)
89.29 (133.04)
104.13 (155.15)
115.65 (172.32)
...
...
...
std
XS
...
...
...
XXS
...
20
...
30
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1000
1100
1200
1400
...
...
...
...
1700
2000
2400
2800
2800
2800
(11.7)
(13.8)
(16.5)
(9.3)
(9.3)
(9.3)
12
0.250 (6.35)
0.330 (8.38)
0.375 (9.52)
0.406 (10.31)
0.500 (12.70)
0.562 (14.27)
0.688 (17.48)
0.844 (21.44)
1.000 (25.40)
1.125 (28.58)
1.312 (33.32)
33.38 (49.72)
43.77 (65.20)
49.56 (73.82)
53.52 (79.74)
65.42 (97.44)
73.15 (108.96)
88.63 (132.01)
107.32 (159.91)
125.49 (186.98)
139.68 (208.12)
160.27 (238.80)
...
...
std
...
XS
...
...
...
XXS
...
...
20
30
...
40
...
60
80
100
120
140
160
800 (5.5)
1100 (7.6)
1200 (8.3)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1100 (7.6)
1400 (9.7)
1600 (11.0)
1900 (13.1)
2400 (16.5)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
14
0.250 (6.35)
0.312 (7.92)
0.375 (9.52)
0.438 (11.13)
0.500 (12.70)
0.594 (15.09)
0.750 (19.05)
0.938 (23.83)
1.094 (27.79)
1.250 (31.75)
1.406 (35.71)
36.71 (54.68)
45.61 (67.94)
54.57 (81.28)
63.44 (94.49)
72.09 (107.38)
85.05 (126.72)
106.13 (158.08)
130.85 (194.90)
150.79 (234.68)
170.22 (253.63)
189.11 (281.77)
...
...
std
...
XS
...
...
...
...
...
...
10
20
30
40
...
60
80
100
120
140
160
750 (5.2)
950 (6.6)
1100 (7.6)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1100 (7.6)
1300 (9.0)
1500 (10.3)
1900 (13.1)
2400 (16.5)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
16
0.250 (6.35)
0.312 (7.92)
0.375 (9.52)
0.500 (12.70)
0.656 (16.66)
0.844 (21.44)
1.031 (26.19)
1.219 (30.96)
42.05 (62.63)
52.27 (77.86)
62.58 (93.21)
82.77 (123.29)
107.50 (160.18)
136.62 (203.56)
164.82 (245.58)
192.43 (286.72)
...
...
std
XS
...
...
...
...
10
20
30
40
60
80
100
120
650 (4.5)
800 (5.5)
1000 (6.9)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1100 (7.6)
1500 (10.3)
1900 (13.1)
2300 (15.9)
2700 (18.6)
NPS
Designator
8
10
Weight
Class
Schedule
No.
Test Pressure
Wall
Thickness
Grade I
Grade II
psi (MPa)
psi (MPa)
(6.9)
(7.6)
(8.3)
(9.7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
960
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-524
TABLE X1.2
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS AND TEST PRESSURES FOR PLAIN END PIPE (CONT’D)
(As appears in American National Standard B36.10)
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Nominal Weight
in. (mm)
lb/ft (kg/m)
1.438 (36.52)
1.594 (40.49)
0.250 (6.35)
0.312 (7.92)
0.375 (9.52)
0.438 (11.13)
0.500 (12.70)
0.562 (14.27)
0.750 (19.05)
0.938 (23.83)
1.156 (29.36)
1.375 (34.92)
1.562 (39.67)
1.781 (45.24)
223.64 (333.22)
245.25 (365.42)
47.39 (70.59)
58.94 (87.79)
70.59 (105.14)
82.15 (122.36)
93.45 (139.19)
104.67 (155.91)
138.17 (205.80)
170.92 (254.59)
207.96 (309.86)
244.14 (363.77)
274.22 (408.54)
308.50 (459.67)
...
...
...
...
std
...
XS
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
140
160
10
20
...
30
...
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
...
...
600 (4.1)
750 (5.2)
900 (6.2)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
...
...
...
900 (6.2)
1000 (6.9)
1100 (7.6)
1500 (10.3)
1900 (13.1)
2300 (15.9)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
20
0.250 (6.35)
0.375 (9.52)
0.500 (12.70)
0.594 (15.09)
0.812 (20.62)
1.031 (26.19)
1.281 (32.54)
1.500 (38.10)
1.750 (44.45)
1.969 (50.01)
52.73 (78.54)
78.60 (117.07)
104.13 (155.10)
123.11 (183.43)
166.40 (247.85)
208.87 (311.22)
256.10 (381.59)
296.37 (441.59)
341.10 (508.24)
379.17 (564.96)
...
std
XS
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
10
20
30
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
500 (3.4)
800 (5.5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
900 (6.2)
1100 (7.6)
1500 (10.3)
1900 (13.1)
2300 (15.9)
2700 (18.6)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
24
0.250 (6.35)
0.375 (9.52)
0.500 (12.70)
0.562 (14.27)
0.688 (17.48)
0.969 (24.61)
1.219 (30.96)
1.531 (38.89)
1.812 (46.02)
2.062 (52.37)
2.344 (59.64)
0.250 (6.35)
0.312 (7.92)
0.375 (9.52)
0.500 (12.70)
63.41 (94.45)
94.62 (140.94)
125.49 (186.92)
140.68 (209.54)
171.29 (255.14)
238.85 (355.89)
296.58 (441.90)
367.39 (547.41)
429.39 (639.79)
483.12 (719.25)
542.14 (807.79)
68.75 (102.40)
86.60 (127.50)
102.63 (152.87)
136.17 (202.83)
...
std
XS
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
std
XS
10
20
...
30
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
...
10
...
20
450 (3.1)
650 (4.5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
400 (2.8)
500 (3.4)
610 (4.2)
...
...
...
750 (5.2)
850 (5.9)
1000 (6.9)
1500 (10.3)
1800 (12.4)
2300 (15.9)
2700 (18.6)
2800 (19.3)
2800 (19.3)
...
...
...
690 (4.8)
NPS
Designator
18
26
Weight
Class
Schedule
No.
Test Pressure
Wall
Thickness
Grade I
Grade II
psi (MPa)
psi (MPa)
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-530 /SA-530M
SPECIFICATION FOR GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
SPECIALIZED CARBON AND ALLOY STEEL PIPE
SA-530 /SA-530M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 530 /A 530M-99.)
1.
Scope
Title of Specification
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements
which, with the exceptions of Sections 4.3, 12, 19, and 20,
are mandatory requirements to the ASTM pipe product
specifications noted below unless the product specification
specifies different requirements, in which case the requirement of the product specification shall prevail.
Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for Use With
High-Temperature Central-Station Service
Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With
High-Pressure Transmission Systems
Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe Specially
Heat Treated for High-Temperature Service
Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe
for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service
Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for
High-Temperature Service
Austenitic Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for
High-Temperature Service
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for
High-Temperature Service
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel ColdWrought Pipe for High-Temperature Service
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric
and Lower Temperatures
Centrifugally Cast Iron-Chromium-Nickel
High-Alloy Tubing for Pressure Application
at High Temperatures
Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for HighTemperature Service
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for
Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures
Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for HighPressure Service at Moderate Temperatures
Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-FusionWelded for High-Pressure Service at High
Temperatures
Seamless, Welded Ferritic, and Martensitic
Stainless Steel Pipe
Seamless and Welded Ferritic /Austenitic
Stainless Steel Pipe
Single- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless
Steel Pipe
Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless
Steel Pipe
Centrifugally Cast Ferritic /Austenitic Stainless
Steel Pipe for Corrosive Environments
1.2 Sections 4.3 or 19 are mandatory if the product
specification has a requirement for product analysis or
flattening tests.
1.3 Section 20 is mandatory if the product specification
has a hydrostatic test requirement without defining the test
parameters.
1.4 Section 12 is for information only.
1.5 In case of conflict between a requirement of the
product specification and a requirement of this general
requirement specification, only the requirement of the product specification need be satisfied.
Title of Specification
ASTM
DesignationA
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for HighTemperature Service
A 106
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless
Steel Pipe
A 312 /A 312M
Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for LowTemperature Service
Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for HighTemperature Service
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic ChromiumNickel Alloy Steel Pipe for HighTemperature Service
Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and
Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Service
A 333 /A 333M
A 335 /A 335M
A 358 /A 358M
A 376 /A 376M
A 381
A 405
A 409 /A 409M
A 426
A 430 /A 430M
A 451
A 452
A 524
A 608
A 660
A 671
A 672
A 691
A 731 /A 731M
A 790 /A 790M
A 813 /A 813M
A 814 /A 814M
A 872
A
These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications.
A 369 /A 369M
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SA-530 /SA-530M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply
unless the “M” designation (SI) of the product specification
is specified in the order.
melting, using electroslag remelting or vacuum remelting.
If secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined
as all of the ingots remelted from a single primary heat.
3.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast.
When steel of different grades is sequentially strand cast,
identification of the resultant transition material is required.
The producer shall remove the transition material by an
established procedure that positively separates the grades.
NOTE 1 — The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
4.
Chemical Composition
4.1 Chemical Analysis — Samples for chemical analysis and method of analysis shall be in accordance with
Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements for
Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Steel Tubes
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.2 Heat Analysis — An analysis of each heat of steel
shall be made by the steel manufacturer to determine the
percentages of the elements specified. If secondary melting
processes are employed, the heat analysis shall be obtained
from one remelted ingot or the product of one remelted
ingot of each primary melt. The chemical composition thus
determined, or that determined from a product analysis
made by the tubular product manufacturer shall conform
to the requirements specified.
4.2.1 For stainless steels ordered under product specifications referencing this specification of general requirements, the steel shall not contain an unspecified element,
other than nitrogen, for the ordered grade to the extent that
the steel conforms to the requirements of another grade
for which that element is a specified element having a
required minimum content. For this requirement, a grade
is defined as an alloy described individually and identified
by its own UNS designation in a table of chemical requirements within any specification listed within the scope as
being covered by this specification.
2.2 ANSI Standards:
B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements for
Metals
MIL-STD-792 Identification Marking Requirements for
Special Purpose Components
4.3 Product Analysis — Product analysis requirements
and options, if any, are contained in the product specification.
2.4 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of
Iron and Steel Products
5.
Mechanical Requirements
5.1 Method of Mechanical Tests — The specimens and
the mechanical tests required shall be in accordance with
Test Methods and Definitions A 370, especially Annex A2
thereof.
2.5 Steel Structures Painting Council:
SSPC-SP6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 Commercial Blast Cleaning
3.
Process
3.1 The steel shall be made from any process.
5.2 Specimens shall be tested at room temperature.
5.3 Small or subsize specimens as described in Test
Methods and Definitions A 370 may be used only when
there is insufficient material to prepare one of the standard
specimens. When using small or subsize specimens, the
largest one possible shall be used.
3.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the
purchaser, it shall be stated on the purchase order.
3.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate
degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-530 /SA-530M
6.
Tensile Requirements
6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as
to tensile properties prescribed in the individual specifications.
10.2 Thin-wall pipe usually develops significant ovality
(out-of-roundness) during final annealing, straightening, or
both. Thin-wall pipes are defined as having a wall thickness
of 3% or less of the outside diameter.
6.2 The yield strength corresponding to a permanent
offset of 0.2% of the gage length or to a total extension
of 0.5% of the gage length under load shall be determined.
10.2.1 The diameter tolerances of Table 2 are not
sufficient to provide for additional ovality expected in thinwall pipe and are applicable only to the mean of the extreme
(maximum and minimum) outside diameter readings in
any one cross-section. However, for thin-wall pipe the
difference in extreme outside diameter readings (ovality)
in any one cross-section shall not exceed 1.5% of the
specified outside diameter.
6.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test specimen
is less than that specified and any part of the fracture is
more than 3⁄4 in. [19.0 mm] from the center of the gage
length, as indicated by scribe marks on the specimen before
testing, a retest shall be allowed.
11. Permissible Variations in Length
11.1 Seamless and Welded (no filler metal added) —
If definite cut lengths are ordered, no length of pipe shall
be under the length specified and not more than 1⁄4 in.
[6 mm] over that specified.
7.
Permissible Variation in Weight
7.1 The weight of any length of pipe NPS 12 and under
shall not vary more than 10% over or 3.5% under that
specified. For sizes over NPS 12, the weight of any length
of pipe shall not vary more than 10% over or 5% under
that specified. Unless otherwise specified, pipe of NPS 4
and smaller may be weighed in convenient lots; pipe in
sizes larger than NPS 4 shall be weighed separately.
11.2 Forged and Bored, Cast, and Cast ColdWrought — If definite cut lengths are ordered, no length
of pipe shall be under the length specified and not more
than 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] over that specified.
11.3 For pipe ordered to random lengths, the lengths
and variations shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
8.
Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness
8.1 Seamless and Welded (no filler metal added) —
The minimum wall thickness at any point shall be within
the tolerances specified in Table 1, except that for welded
pipe the weld area shall not be limited by the over tolerance.
The minimum wall thickness on inspection for –12.5% is
shown in Table X1.1.
11.4 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise
agreed upon.
12. Standard Weight
12.1 A system of standard pipe sizes has been approved
by the American National Standards Institute as ANSI
B36.10 and B36.19. These standard sizes do not prohibit
the production and use of other sizes of pipe produced to
the various specifications referenced to this Specification.
8.2 Forged and Bored — The wall thickness shall not
vary over that specified by more than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm]. There
shall be no variation under the specified wall thickness.
8.3 Cast — The wall thickness shall not vary over that
specified by more than 1 / 16 in. [1.6 mm]. There shall be
no variation under the specified wall thickness.
12.2 For nonstandard sizes of pipe, the calculated
weight per foot, shall be determined from the following
equation:
9.
Permissible Variations in Inside Diameter
9.1 Forged and Bored, and Cast — The inside diameter
shall not vary under that specified by more than 1 / 16 in.
[1.6 mm]. There shall be no variation over the specified
inside diameter.
W p C(D − t)t
where:
C p 10.69 [0.0246615],
W p weight, lb /ft [kg /m],
D p specified or calculated (from specified inside
diameter and wall thickness) outside diameter, in.
[mm], and
t p specified wall thickness, in. (to 3 decimal places)
[mm to 2 decimal places].
10. Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
10.1 Variations in outside diameter, unless otherwise
specified, shall not exceed the limits prescribed in Table
2. The tolerances on outside diameter include ovality
except as provided for in 10.2 and 10.2.1.
NOTE 2 — The weights given in the American National Standards and
the calculated weights given by eq. (1) are based on the weights for
965
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SA-530 /SA-530M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
carbon steel pipe. The weight of pipe made of ferritic stainless steels
may be about 5% less, and that made of austenitic stainless steel about
2% greater than the values given.
test provided the reason for nonconformance is established
and the nonconforming portion removed.
17. Retreatment
17.1 If individual lengths of pipe selected to represent
any group or lot fail to conform to the test requirements,
the group or lot represented may be reheat treated and
resubmitted for test. The manufacturer may reheat treat
the pipe, but not more than twice, except with the approval
of the purchaser on the basis of satisfactory metallurgical
evidence that the cause of failure of the test is curable and
the quality of the material is satisfactory.
13. Ends
13.1 Unless otherwise specified, the pipe shall be furnished with plain ends. All burrs at the ends of the pipe
shall be removed.
14. Straightness
14.1 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight.
14.2 For metal-arc welded pipe, the maximum deviation from a 10 ft [3.0 m] straightedge placed so that both
ends are in contact with the pipe shall be 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm].
For metal-arc welded pipe with lengths shorter than 10 ft
[3.0 m], this maximum deviation shall be pro-rated with
respect to the ratio of the actual length to 10 ft [3.0 m].
18. Test Specimens
18.1 Test specimens shall be taken from the ends of
finished pipe prior to any forming operations, or being cut
to length. They shall be smooth on the ends and free from
burrs and flaws, except for specimens for the flattening
test when made from crop ends.
18.2 Specimens cut either longitudinally or transversely
shall be acceptable for the tension test.
15. Repair by Welding
15.1 Repair by welding of defects in seamless pipe
(including centrifugally cast and forged and bored) and of
plate defects in welded pipe and, when specifically stated
by the product specification weld seam defects in welded
pipe, shall be permitted subject to the approval of the
purchaser and with the further understanding that the composition of the deposited filler metal shall be suitable for
the composition being welded. Defects shall be thoroughly
chipped or ground out before welding and each repaired
length shall be reheat treated or stress relieved as required
by the applicable specification. Each length of repaired pipe
shall be tested hydrostatically as required by the product
specification.
18.3 If any test specimen shows flaws or defective
machining, the specimen may be discarded and another
substituted.
19. Flattening Test Requirements
19.1 Seamless and Centrifugally Cast Pipe — A section
of pipe not less than 21⁄2 in. [63 mm] in length shall be
flattened cold between parallel plates in two steps. During
the first step, which is a test for ductility, no cracks or
breaks on the inside, outside, or end surfaces, except as
provided for in 19.3.4, shall occur until the distance
between the plates is less than the value of H calculated
as follows:
15.2 Repair welding shall be performed using procedures and welders or welding operators that have been
qualified in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code, Section IX.
H p (1 + e)t /(e + t /D)
(2)
where:
16. Retests
16.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any group
or lot do not conform to the requirements specified in the
individual specification, retests may be made on additional
lengths of pipe of double the original number from the
same group or lot, each of which shall conform to the
requirements specified. Only one retest of any group or lot
will be permitted. Nonconformance will be cause for the
rejection of the group or lot.
H p distance between flattening plates, in. [mm],
t p specified wall thickness, in. [mm],
D p specified or calculated (from the specified inside
diameter and wall thickness) outside diameter, in.
[mm], and
e p deformation per unit length (constant for a given
grade of steel; 0.07 for medium carbon steel (maximum specified carbon 0.19% or greater), 0.08
for ferritic alloy steel, 0.09 for austenitic steel,
and 0.09 for low-carbon steel (maximum specified
carbon 0.18% or less)).
16.2 Any individual length of pipe that meets the test
requirements is acceptable. Individual lengths that do not
conform to the test requirements may be resubmitted for
During the second step, which is a test for soundness,
the flattening shall be continued until the specimen breaks
or the opposite walls of the pipe meet.
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19.2 Welded Pipe — A section of welded pipe not less
than 4 in. [100 mm] in length shall be flattened cold
between parallel plates in two steps. The weld shall be
placed 90° from the direction of the applied force (at the
point of maximum bending). During the first step, which
is a test for ductility, no cracks or breaks on the inside or
outside surfaces, except as provided for in 19.3.4, shall
occur until the distance between the plates is less than the
value of H calculated by the Eq. (2). During the second
step, which is a test for soundness, the flattening shall be
continued until the specimen breaks or the opposite walls
of the pipe meet.
MPa] for pressures below 1000 psi [7 MPa], and to the
nearest 100 psi [1 MPa] for pressures 1000 psi [7 MPa]
and above. The hydrostatic test may be performed prior
to cutting to final length, or prior to upsetting, swaging,
expanding, bending, or other forming operations.
20.2 Regardless of pipe-wall stress-level determined
by Eq. (3), the minimum hydrostatic test pressure required
to satisfy these requirements need not exceed 2500 psi
[17.0 MPa] for outside diameters (see D in 20.1) of 3.5 in.
[88.9 mm] or less, nor 2800 psi [19.0 MPa] for outside
diameters over 3.5 in. [88.9 mm]. This does not prohibit
testing at higher pressures at the manufacturer’s option or
as provided in 20.3.
19.3 Seamless, Centrifugally Cast, and Welded Pipe:
19.3.1 Evidence of laminated or defective material
or weld that is revealed during the entire flattening test
shall be cause for rejection.
19.3.2 Surface imperfections not evident in the test
specimen before flattening, but revealed during the first
step of the flattening test, shall be judged in accordance
with the finish requirements.
19.3.3 Superficial ruptures resulting from surface
imperfections shall not be a cause for rejection.
19.3.4 When low D-to-t ratio tubular products are
tested, because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably high on the inside surface at the six and twelve
o’clock locations, cracks at these locations shall not be
cause for rejection if the D to t ratio is less than 10.
20.3 With concurrence of the manufacturer, a minimum
hydrostatic test pressure in excess of the requirements of
20.2 or 20.1, or both, may be stated on the order.
20.4 The test pressure shall be held for a minimum of
5 s without resultant leakage through the pipe wall. For
welded pipe, the test pressure shall be held for a time
sufficient to permit the inspector to examine the entire
length of the welded seam.
20.5 The hydrostatic test may not be capable of
inspecting the end portion of the pipe. The length of pipe
that cannot be tested shall be determined by the manufacturer and, when specified in the purchase order, reported
to the purchaser.
20. Hydrostatic Test Requirements
20.1 Except as provided in 20.2 and 20.3, each length
of pipe shall be tested by the manufacturer to a hydrostatic
pressure which will produce in the pipe wall a stress not
less that 60% of the minimum specified yield strength for
carbon and ferritic alloy steel pipe, or 50% of the specified
minimum yield strength for austenitic alloy steel pipe. The
test pressure or stress shall be determined by the following
equation:
P p 2St /D or S p PD /2t
21. Certified Test Report
21.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract
the producer or supplier shall furnish a Certified Test
Report certifying that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with the Specification, including year date, the Supplementary
Requirements, and any other requirements designated in
the purchase order or contract, and that the results met
the requirements of that Specification, the Supplementary
Requirements, and the other requirements. A signature or
notarization is not required on the Certified Test Report,
but the document shall be dated and shall clearly identify
the organization submitting the Report.
(3)
where:
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
P p hydrostatic test pressure in psi or MPa,
S p pipe wall stress in psi or MPa,
t p specified nominal wall thickness, nominal wall
thickness corresponding to specified ANSI schedule number, or 1.143 times the specified minimum
wall thickness, in. [mm], and
D p specified outside diameter, outside diameter corresponding to specified ANSI pipe size, or outside
diameter calculated by adding 2t (as defined
above) to the specified inside diameter, in. [mm].
20.1.1 The hydrostatic test pressure determined by
the equation shall be rounded to the nearest 50 psi [0.5
NOTE 3 — Notwithstanding the absence of a signature or notarization,
the organization submitting the Report is responsible for the contents of
the Report.
21.2 In addition, the Certified Test Report shall include
the following information and test results, when applicable:
21.2.1 Heat Number,
21.2.2 Heat Analysis,
21.2.3 Product Analysis, if specfied or required,
21.2.4 Tensile Properties,
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21.2.5 Width of the gage length, when longitudinal
strip tension test specimens are used,
shall be set aside and the manufacturer shall be notified
for mutual evaluation of the suitability of the pipe. Disposition of such pipe shall be a matter for agreement.
21.2.6 Bend Test acceptable,
21.2.7 Flattening Test acceptable,
21.2.8 Hydrostatic Test pressure,
24. Product Marking
24.1 Each length of pipe shall be legibly marked with
the manufacturer’s name or brand, the specification number
(year of issue not required), and grade. Marking shall begin
approximately 12 in. [300 mm] from the end of each length
of pipe. For pipe less than NPS 2 and pipe under 3 ft [1 m]
in length, the required information may be marked on a
tag securely attached to the bundle or box in which the
pipes are shipped.
21.2.9 Non-destructive Electric Test method,
21.2.10 Impact Test results, and
21.2.11 Other test results or information required to
be reported by the product specification.
21.3 Test results or information required to be reported
by supplementary requirements, or other requirements designated in the purchase order or contract shall be reported,
but may be reported in a separate document.
24.2 When pipe marked as specified is rejected, the
ASTM designation shall be cancelled.
21.4 The Certified Test Report shall include a statement
of explanation for the letter added to the specification number marked on the tubes (see 24.5) when all of the requirements of the specification have not been completed. The
purchaser must certify that all requirements of the specification have been completed before removal of the letter
(that is, X, Y, or Z).
24.3 For austenitic steel pipe, the marking paint or ink
shall not contain any harmful metal, or metal salts, such
as zinc, lead, or copper, which cause corrosive attack on
heating.
24.4 Pipes which have been weld repaired in accordance with 15.1 shall be marked WR.
21.5 When certification is required for material that
has not been hydrostatically tested, the Certificate of Test
shall state “Not hydrostatically tested,” and the letters
“NH” shall be appended to the product specification number, material grade, and class shown on the Certificate.
24.5 When it is specified that certain requirements of
a specification adopted by the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Committee are to be completed by the purchaser
upon receipt of the material, the manufacturer shall indicate
that all requirements of the specification have not been
completed by a letter such as X, Y, or Z, immediately
following the specification number. This letter may be
removed after completion of all requirements in accordance
with the specification. An explanation of specification
requirements to be completed is provided in 23.1.
22. Inspection
22.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall
have entry at all times while work on the contract of the
purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s works that concern the manufacture of the material
ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector all
reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being
furnished in accordance with this specification. All required
tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall
be conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with
operation of the works.
24.6 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
24.1, 24.2, 24.3, 24.4, and 24.5, bar coding is acceptable
as a supplemental identification method. The purchaser
may specify in the order a specific bar coding system to
be used.
25. Packaging, Marking, and Loading
25.1 When specified on the purchase order, packaging,
marking, and loading for shipment shall be in accordance
with the procedures of Practices A 700.
23. Rejection
23.1 Each length of pipe received from the manufacturer may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not
meet the requirements of the specification based on the
inspection and test method as outlined in the specification,
the length may be rejected and the manufacturer shall be
notified. Disposition of rejected pipe shall be a matter of
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
26. Government Procurement
26.1 When specified in the contract or order, the following requirements shall be considered in the inquiry contract
or order for agencies of the U.S. Government where scale
free pipe is required. These requirements shall take precedence if there is a conflict between these requirements and
the product specification.
23.2 Pipe that fails in any of the forming operations
or in the process of installation and is found to be defective
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26.1.1 Pipe shall be ordered to nominal pipe size
(NPS) and schedule. Nominal pipe shall be as specified in
ANSI B36.10.
all pipe of the same outside diameter and wall thickness
manufactured during an 8-h shift from the same heat of
steel, and heat treated under the same conditions of temperature and time in a single charge in a batch type furnance,
or heat treated under the same condition in a continuous
furnace, and presented for inspection at the same time.
26.1.2 Responsibility for Inspection — Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the manufacturer is responsible for the performance of all inspection
and test requirements specified. The absence of any inspection requirements in the specification shall not relieve the
contractor of the responsibility for ensuring that all products or supplies submitted to the Government for acceptance comply with all requirements of the contract.
Sampling inspection, as part of the manufacturing operations, is an acceptable practice to ascertain conformance
to requirements, however, this does not authorize submission of known defective material, either indicated or actual,
nor does it commit the Government to accept the material.
Except as otherwise specified in the contract or purchase
order, the manufacturer may use his own or any other
suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and
test requirements unless disapproved by the purchaser at
the time the order is placed. The purchaser shall have the
right to perform any of the inspections and tests set forth
when such inspections and tests are deemed necessary to
ensure that the material conforms to the prescribed requirements.
26.1.6 Hydrostatic and Ultrasonic Tests — Each pipe
shall be tested by the ultrasonic (when specified) and hydrostatic tests.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
26.1.7 Pipe shall be free from heavy oxide or scale.
The internal surface of hot finished ferritic steel pipe shall
be pickled or blast cleaned to a free of scale condition
equivalent to the CSa2 visual standard listed in SSPC-SP6.
Cleaning shall be performed in accordance with a written
procedure that has been shown to be effective. This procedure shall be available for audit.
26.1.8 In additon to the marking in Specification
A 450 / A 450M, each length of pipe 1⁄4 in. outside diameter
and larger shall be marked with the following listed information. Marking shall be in accordance with FED-STD183 and MIL-STD-792. (a) Nominal Pipe Size Schedule
and Length (b) Heat or lot identification number.
26.1.9 Pipe shall be straight to within the tolerances
specified in Table 3.
26.1.3 Sampling for Flattening and Flaring Test and
for Visual and Dimensional Examination — Minimum
sampling for flattening and flaring tests and visual and
dimensional examination shall be as follows:
Lot Size (pieces per lot)
2
9
91
151
281
501
1201
3201
10 001
to
8
to
90
to
150
to
280
to
500
to 1200
to 3200
to 10 000
to 35 000
26.1.10 When specified, each pipe shall be ultrasonically examined in accordance with MIL-STD-271, except
that the notch depth in the calibration standard shall be
5% of the wall thickness or 0.005 in., whichever is greater.
Any pipe which produces an indication equal to or greater
than 100% of the indication from the calibration standard
shall be rejected.
Sample Size
Entire lot
8
12
19
21
27
35
38
46
26.1.11 The pipe shall be free from repair welds,
welded joints, laps, laminations, seams, visible cracks,
tears, grooves, slivers, pits, and other imperfections detrimental to the pipe as determined by visual and ultrasonic
examination, or alternate tests, as specified.
26.1.12 Pipe shall be uniform in quality and condition and have a finish conforming to the best practice
for standard quality pipe. Surface imperfections such as
handling marks, straightening marks, light mandrel and die
marks, shallow pits, and scale pattern will not be considered
injurious if the imperfections are removable within the
tolerances specified for wall thickness or 0.005 in., whichever is greater. The bottom of imperfections shall be visible
and the profile shall be rounded and faired-in.
In all cases, the acceptance number is zero and the rejection
number is one. Rejected lots may be screened and resubmitted for visual and dimensional examination. All defective
items shall be replaced with acceptable items prior to lot
acceptance.
26.1.4 Sampling for Chemical Analysis — One sample for chemical analysis shall be selected from each of
two pipes chosen from each lot. A lot shall be all material
poured from one heat.
26.1.13 No weld repair by the manufacturer is permitted.
26.1.14 Preservation shall be level A or commercial,
and packing shall be level A, B, or commercial, as specified. Level A preservation and level A or B packing shall
26.1.5 Sampling for Tension and Bend Test — One
sample shall be taken from each lot. A lot shall consist of
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SA-530 /SA-530M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
be in accordance with MIL-STD-163, and commercial
preservation and packing shall be in accordance with Practices A 700 or Practice D 3951.
27. Keywords
27.1 alloy steel pipe; carbon steel pipe; general delivery
requirements; steel pipe
TABLE 1
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN WALL THICKNESS
TABLE 2
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN OUTSIDE DIAMETER
Tolerance, %
from Nominal
NPS Designator
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
⁄8 to 21⁄2, incl., all t /DA,B ratios
3 to 18 incl., t /D up to 5% incl.
3 to 18 incl., t /D > 5%
20 and larger, welded, all t /D ratios
20 and larger, seamless, t /D up to 5% incl.
20 and larger, seamless, t /D > 5%
1
A
B
Over
Under
20.0
22.5
15.0
17.5
22.5
15.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
NPS Designator
1
⁄8 to 11⁄2, incl
Over 11⁄2 to 4, incl
Over 4 to 8, incl
Over 8 to 18, incl
Over 18 to 26, incl
Over 26 to 34, incl
Over 34
t p Nominal wall thickness.
D p Ordered outside diameter.
Over
1
⁄64
⁄32
1
⁄16
3
⁄32
1
⁄8
5
⁄32
3
⁄16
1
Under
in.
mm
(0.015)
(0.031)
(0.062)
(0.093)
(0.125)
(0.156)
(0.187)
0.4
0.8
1.6
2.4
3.2
4.0
4.8
1
⁄32
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
⁄32
1
TABLE 3
STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCES
Specified OD, in.
Up to 5.0, incl.
Over 5.0 to 8.0,
incl.
Over 8.0 to 12.75,
incl.
Specified wall
thickness, in.
Over 3% OD to
0.5, incl.
Over 4% OD to
0.75, incl.
Over 4% OD to
1.0, incl.
Maximum
curvature in any
3 ft, in.
Maximum
curvature in total
length, in.
0.030
0.010 ⴛ length, ft
0.045
0.015 ⴛ length, ft
0.060
0.020 ⴛ length, ft
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in.
mm
(0.031)
(0.031)
(0.031)
(0.031)
(0.031)
(0.031)
(0.031)
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-530 /SA-530M
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. TABLE OF MINIMUM WALL THICKNESS
TABLE X1.1
MINIMUM WALL THICKNESSES ON INSPECTION FOR NOMINAL (AVERAGE) PIPE WALL THICKNESSES
Nominal (Average)
Thickness
(tn)
Minimum Thickness
on Inspection
(tm)
Nominal (Average)
Thickness
(tn)
Minimum Thickness
on Inspection
(tm)
Nominal (Average)
Thickness
(tn)
Minimum Thickness
on Inspection
(tm)
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
0.068
0.088
0.091
0.095
0.113
0.119
0.125
0.126
0.133
0.140
0.145
0.147
0.154
0.156
0.179
0.187
0.188
0.191
0.200
0.203
0.216
0.218
0.219
0.226
0.237
0.250
0.258
0.276
0.277
0.279
0.280
0.281
1.73
2.24
2.31
2.41
2.87
3.02
3.18
3.20
3.38
3.56
3.68
3.73
3.91
3.96
4.55
4.75
4.78
4.85
5.08
5.16
5.49
5.54
5.56
5.74
6.03
6.35
6.55
7.01
7.04
7.09
7.11
7.14
0.060
0.077
0.080
0.083
0.099
0.104
0.109
0.110
0.116
0.122
0.127
0.129
0.135
0.136
0.157
0.164
0.164
0.167
0.175
0.178
0.189
0.191
0.192
0.198
0.207
0.219
0.226
0.242
0.242
0.244
0.245
0.246
1.52
1.96
2.03
2.11
2.51
2.64
2.77
2.79
2.95
3.10
3.23
3.28
3.43
3.45
3.99
4.17
4.17
4.24
4.44
4.52
4.80
4.85
4.88
5.03
5.23
5.56
5.74
6.15
6.15
6.20
6.22
6.25
0.294
0.300
0.307
0.308
0.312
0.318
0.322
0.330
0.337
0.343
0.344
0.358
0.365
0.375
0.382
0.400
0.406
0.432
0.436
0.437
0.438
0.500
0.531
0.552
0.562
0.593
0.600
0.625
0.656
0.674
0.687
0.719
7.47
7.62
7.80
7.82
7.92
8.08
8.18
8.38
8.56
8.71
8.74
9.09
9.27
9.52
9.70
10.16
10.31
10.97
11.07
11.10
11.13
12.70
13.49
14.02
14.27
15.06
15.24
15.88
16.62
17.12
17.45
18.26
0.257
0.262
0.269
0.270
0.273
0.278
0.282
0.289
0.295
0.300
0.301
0.313
0.319
0.328
0.334
0.350
0.355
0.378
0.382
0.382
0.383
0.438
0.465
0.483
0.492
0.519
0.525
0.547
0.573
0.590
0.601
0.629
6.53
6.65
6.83
6.86
6.93
7.06
7.17
7.34
7.49
7.62
7.65
7.95
8.10
8.33
8.48
8.89
9.02
9.60
9.70
9.70
9.73
11.13
11.81
12.27
12.50
13.18
13.34
13.89
14.55
14.99
15.27
15.98
0.750
0.812
0.843
0.864
0.875
0.906
0.937
0.968
1.000
1.031
1.062
1.093
1.125
1.156
1.218
1.250
1.281
1.312
1.343
1.375
1.406
1.438
1.500
1.531
1.562
1.593
1.750
1.781
1.812
1.968
2.062
2.343
19.05
20.62
21.41
21.95
22.22
23.01
23.80
24.59
25.40
26.19
26.97
27.76
28.57
29.36
30.94
31.75
32.54
33.32
34.11
34.92
35.71
36.52
38.10
38.89
39.67
40.46
44.45
45.24
46.02
49.99
52.38
59.51
0.656
0.710
0.738
0.756
0.766
0.793
0.820
0.847
0.875
0.902
0.929
0.956
0.984
1.012
1.066
1.094
1.121
1.148
1.175
1.203
1.230
1.258
1.312
1.340
1.367
1.394
1.531
1.558
1.586
1.772
1.804
2.050
16.62
18.03
18.75
19.20
19.46
20.14
20.83
21.51
22.22
22.91
23.60
24.28
24.99
25.70
27.08
27.77
28.47
29.16
29.84
30.56
31.24
31.95
33.32
34.04
34.72
35.40
38.89
39.57
40.28
43.74
45.82
52.07
NOTES:
(1) The following equation, upon which this table is based, may be applied to calculate minimum wall thickness from nominal (average) wall
thickness:
tn ⴛ 0.875 p tm
where:
tn p nominal (average) wall thickness, in. [mm], and
tm p minimum wall thickness, in. [mm].
The wall thickness is expressed to three decimal places, the fourth decimal place being carried forward or dropped, in accordance with
the Practice E 29.
(2) This table is a master table covering wall thicknesses available in the purchase of different classifications of pipe, but it is not meant to imply
that all of the walls listed therein are obtainable under this specification.
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972
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-533 /SA-533M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
ALLOY STEEL, QUENCHED AND TEMPERED,
MANGANESE-MOLYBDENUM AND MANGANESEMOLYBDENUM-NICKEL
SA-533 /SA-533M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 533 /A 533M-93.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers manganese-molybdenum
and manganese-molybdenum-nickel alloy steel plates for
use in the quenched and tempered condition for the construction of welded pressure vessels.
1.6 These alloy steel plates in the as-rolled condition
are sensitive to cracking during transit and handling, particularly in thicknesses over about 1 or 2 in. [25 or 50 mm].
They should be shipped in the as-rolled conditions only
with the mutual agreement of manufacturer and fabricator.
1.2 This specification includes four types of chemical
analysis and three classes of strength levels as follows:
1.7 Plates covered by this specification are often used
in the beltline region of nuclear reactor vessels where the
material properties may be affected by high levels of radiation. Appendix X1 provides some information pertinent to
this usage.
Type
Nominal
Molybdenum
Content,
%
Nominal
Nickel
Content,
%
A
B
C
D
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
...
0.55
0.85
0.30
Class
Tensile Strength,
ksi [MPa]
1
2
3
80-100 [550 to 690]
90-115 [620 to 795]
100-125 [690 to 860]
1.8 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20 /A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A 435 /A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577 /A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578 /A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
1.3 The maximum thickness of Class 1 and Class 2
plates is limited only by the capacity of the composition
to meet the specified mechanical property requirements;
however, current practice normally limits the maximum
thickness to 12 in. [300 mm].
1.4 The maximum thickness of Class 3 plates is 21⁄2 in.
[65 mm].
1.5 The minimum nominal thickness of plates of all
classes is 0.25 in. [6.5 mm].
973
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SA-533 /SA-533M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
3.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 All plates shall be heat treated by heating to a
suitable temperature within the range from 1550 to 1800°F
[845 to 980°C], holding for a sufficient time to obtain
uniform temperature throughout the plate thickness and
then quenching, in water. Subsequently the plates shall be
tempered at a suitable temperature to produce the specified
properties, but not less than 1100°F [595°C] with a minimum holding time of 1⁄2 h ⁄ in. [1.2 min ⁄ mm] of thickness,
but not less than 1⁄2 h.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Material supplied to this material specification shall
conform to Specification A 20 /A 20M. These requirements
outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures,
permissible variations in dimensions, and mass, quality
and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
3.2 Specification A 20 /A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
5.2 When the plates are heat treated by the fabricator,
it shall be his responsibility to apply the proper heat treatment and to conduct tests he deems necessary to assure
that the specified properties are attained.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
3.3.1 Vacuum treatment,
6.
Chemical Requirements
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxided Steel, in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.3.2 Additional or special tension testing,
3.3.3 Impact testing, and
3.3.4 Nondestructive examination.
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
7.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20 /A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Tension Test Requirements:
7.1.1 The material as represented by the tension-test
specimens shall conform to the requirements shown in
Table 2.
7.1.2 For nominal plate thicknesses of 3⁄4 in. [20 mm]
and under, the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] wide rectangular specimen
may be used, and the elongation may be determined in a
2 in. [50 mm] gage length that includes the fracture and
that shows the greatest elongation.
4.
Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed
and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain requirement
of Specification A 20 /A 20M.
974
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-533 /SA-533M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Type A
Carbon, maxA
ManganeseB:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, maxA
Sulfur, maxA
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Molybdenum:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Nickel:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Type B
Type C
Type D
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
1.15–1.50
1.07–1.62
0.035
0.035
1.15–1.50
1.07–1.62
0.035
0.035
1.15–1.50
1.07–1.62
0.035
0.035
1.15–1.50
1.07–1.62
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.45–0.60
0.41–0.64
0.45–0.60
0.41–0.64
0.45–0.60
0.41–0.64
0.45–0.60
0.41–0.64
...
...
0.40–0.70
0.37–0.73
0.70–1.00
0.67–1.03
0.20–0.40
0.17–0.43
A
Applies to both heat and product analyses.
The maximum manganese content may be increased to 1.60% on heat analysis and 1.65% on product analysis when Class 2 or Class 3 properties are specified and when Supplementary Requirement S3
(see Specification A 20/A 20M) is specified with a total holding time of more than 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm]
of thickness.
B
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength
Yield strength, min
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %
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Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
ksi [MPa]
ksi [MPa]
ksi [MPa]
80–100 [550–690] 90–115 [620–795] 100–125 [690–860]
50 [345]
70 [485]
83 [570]
18
16
16
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SA-533 /SA-533M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
is included in Specification A 20 /A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use with
this specification are listed below by title. Other tests may be performed by agreement
between the supplier and the purchaser.
S2.
S3.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
S1.
S4.2
Vacuum Treatment,
S9.
Product Analysis,
S11.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 577 /A 577M,
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 578 /A 578M,
S14.
Bend Test, and
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
S19.
Restricted Chemical Requirements
Additional Tension Test,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
S6.
Drop Weight Test,
S7.
High-Temperature Tension Test,
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 435 /A 435M,
Magnetic Particle Examination,
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-533 /SA-533M
APPENDIX
X1. NUCLEAR REACTOR BELTLINE
CONSIDERATIONS — RESIDUAL
ELEMENTS
in the plate, or both, may offer alternative means of control.
The limits required shall be specified in the ordering data.
The following table itemizes currently available commercial limits for the referenced elements:
X1.1 Reactor design requires review and control of
residual elements that affect the material properties. Copper
and phosphorus are limited to levels determined by the
total fluence to be encountered during plant life. Vanadium
and sulfur can affect the upper energy shelf level. In the
case of sulfur, control of this element or its morphology
Element
Copper
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Vanadium
Heat Analysis,
%
0.10
0.012
0.015
0.05
977
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Product
Analysis,
%
0.12
0.015
0.018
0.06
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-537/SA-537M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
HEAT-TREATED, CARBON-MANGANESE-SILICON
STEEL
SA-537 /SA-537M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 537/A 537M-06.)
1.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system is to be used independently of the other without
combining values in any way.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers heat-treated carbon-manganese-silicon steel plates intended for fusion welded pressure vessels and structures.
1.2 Plates furnished under this specification are available in the following three classes:
2.
Class
1
2
3
Heat
Treatment
Normalized
Thickness
21⁄2
in. and under
[65 mm and under]
Over 21⁄2 to 4 in.
[Over 65 to 100
mm]
Quenched and 21⁄2 in. and under
tempered
[65 mm and under]
Over 21⁄2 to 4 in.
[Over 65 to 100
mm]
Over 4 to 6 in.
[Over 100 to 150
mm]
Quenched and 21⁄2 in. and under
tempered
[65 mm and under]
Over 21⁄2 to 4 in.
[Over 65 to 100
mm]
Over 4 to 6 in.
[Over 100 to 150
mm]
Yield
Strength,
min, ksi
[MPa]
Tensile
Strength,
min, ksi
[MPa]
50
[345]
45
[310]
70
[485]
65
[450]
60
[415]
55
[380]
80
[550]
75
[515]
46
[315]
70
[485]
55
[380]
50
[345]
80
[550]
75
[515]
40
[275]
70
[485]
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20 /A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A 435 /A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577 /A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578 /A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
3.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Plates furnished supplied to this material specification shall conform to Specification A 20 /A 20M. These
requirements outline the testing and retesting methods and
procedures, permissible variations in dimensions, and
mass, quality and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
3.2 Specification A 20 /A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates furnished under
this specification is 4 in. [100 mm] for Class 1 and 6 in.
[150 mm] for Class 2 and Class 3.
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SA-537/SA-537M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
3.3.1 Vacuum treatment,
6.
3.3.2 Additional or special tension testing,
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.3.3 Impact testing, and
3.3.4 Nondestructive examination.
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
7.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20 /A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Tension Tests:
7.1.1 Requirements — The material as represented
by the tension-test specimens shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 2.
4.
Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed
and conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement
of Specification A 20 /A 20M.
5.
Chemical Requirements
7.1.2 For Class 2 and Class 3 plates with a nominal
thickness of 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] and under, the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm]
wide rectangular specimen may be used for the tension
test, and the elongation may be determined in a 2 in.
[50 mm] gage length that includes the fracture and that
shows the greatest elongation.
Heat Treatment
5.1 All plates shall be thermally treated as follows:
5.1.1 Class 1 plates shall be normalized.
8.
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5.1.2 Class 2 and Class 3 plates shall be quenched
and tempered. The tempering temperature for Class 2 plates
shall not be less than 1100°F [595°C] for not less than 1⁄2 h
and 1150°F [620°C] for Class 3 plates for not less than 1⁄2 h.
Keywords
8.1 carbon steel plate; pressure containing parts; pressure vessel steels; steel plates for pressure vessel application
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-537/SA-537M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Element
Composition, %
Carbon, max [Note (1)]
Manganese:
11⁄2 in. [40 mm] and under in thickness [Note (2)]
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Over 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] in thickness:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, max [Note (1)]
Sulfur, max [Note (1)]
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Copper, max:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Nickel, max [Note (2)]:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Chromium, max:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Molybdenum, max:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
0.24
0.70–1.35
0.64–1.46
1.00–1.60
0.92–1.72
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.50
0.13–0.55
0.35
0.38
0.25
0.28
0.25
0.29
0.08
0.09
NOTES:
(1) Applies to both heat and product analyses.
(2) Manganese may exceed 1.35% on heat analysis, up to a maximum of 1.60%, and nickel may exceed
0.25% on heat analysis, up to a maximum of 0.50%, provided the heat analysis carbon equivalent does
not exceed 0.57% when based upon the following equation:
CE p C +
Mn Cr + Mo + V Ni + Cu
+
+
6
5
15
When this option is exercised, the manganese and nickel contents on product analysis shall not exceed the
heat analysis content by more than 0.12% and 0.03%, respectively.
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SA-537/SA-537M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
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Tensile strength:
21⁄2 in. and under
[65 mm and under]
Over 21⁄2 to 4 in., incl
[Over 65 to 100 mm, incl]
Over 4 to 6 in., incl
[Over 100 to 150 mm, incl]
Yield Strength, min:
21⁄2 in. and under
[65 mm and under]
Over 21⁄2 to 4 in., incl
[Over 65 to 100 mm, incl]
Over 4 in. to 6 in., incl
[Over 100 to 150 mm, incl]
Elongation in 2 in.
[50 mm], min, %: [Note (2)]
4 in. [100 mm] and under
Over 4 in. [100 mm]
Elongation in 8 in.
[200 mm], min, % [Note (2)]
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
ksi [MPa]
ksi [MPa]
ksi [MPa]
70–90
[485–620]
65–85
[450–585]
[Note (1)]
[Note (1)]
80–100
[550–690]
75–95
[515–655]
70–90
[485–620]
80–100
[550–690]
75–95
[515–655]
70–90
[485–620]
50
[345]
45
[310]
[Note (1)]
[Note (1)]
60
[415]
55
[380]
46
[315]
55
[380]
50
[345]
40
[275]
22
[Note (1)]
22
20
22
20
18
[Note (3)]
[Note (3)]
NOTES:
(1) Product is not available in this size range.
(2) See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustments.
(3) There is no requirement for elongation in 8 in.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-537/SA-537M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are included in Specification
A 20 /A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use with this specification are listed by title. Other tests may
be performed by agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.
S1.
Vacuum Treatment,
S2 .
Product Analysis,
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
S4.1 Additional Tension Test,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
S6.
Drop Weight Test (for Material 0.625 in.
[16 mm] and over in Thickness),
S7.
High-Temperature Tension Test,
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 435 /A 435M,
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 577 /A 577M,
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 578 /A 578M, and
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-540 /SA-540M
SPECIFICATION FOR ALLOY-STEEL BOLTING
MATERIALS FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
SA-540 /SA-540M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 540 /A 540M-06.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers regular and special-quality
alloy steel bolting materials which may be used for nuclear
and other special applications. Bolting materials as used
in this specification cover rolled or forged bars, rotary
pierced or extruded seamless tubes, bored bars, or forged
hollows from forged or rolled bar segments to be manufactured into bolts, studs, washers, and nuts.
2.2 AIAG Standard:
AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard
2.3 ANSI Standards:
B 1.1 Unified Screw Threads
B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws Including Hex
Cap Screws and Lag Bolts
B 18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts
B 18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws
1.2 Several grades of steel are covered. The grade and
class shall be specified by the purchaser.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature
are provided for use when special quality is desired. These
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be
made and when desired shall be so stated in the order,
together with the acceptance limits required.
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and orders for material under this specification shall include the following, as required, to describe
the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Condition (Section 5),
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound
units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies
the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
3.1.2 Heat treatment (Section 6),
3.1.3 Supplementary Requirements (S1 to S9),
3.1.4 Reports required (Section 17),
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
3.1.5 End use, and
3.1.6 Any special requirements.
3.2 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements.
4.
Common Requirements
4.1 Material and fasteners supplied to this specification
shall conform to the requirements of Specification
A 962/A 962M. These requirements include test methods,
finish, thread dimensions, marking, certification, optional
supplementary requirements, and others. Failure to comply
with the requirements of Specification A 962/A 962M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of
conflict between this specification and Specification
A 962/A 962M, this specification shall prevail.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 962/A 962M Specification for Common Requirements
for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both,
Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic
to the Creep Range
E 45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content
of Steel
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(10)
SA-540 /SA-540M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
5.
Manufacture
5.1 he material shall be supplied hot-rolled or hotforged or cold-finished at the option of the producer. However, if desired by the purchaser, cold finishing may be
specified.
10. Impact Requirements
10.1 Annealed material after proper heat treatment shall
be capable of meeting the impact requirements in Table 2
or of Supplementary Requirement S8, if so specified (see
Supplementary Requirement S4).
6.
10.2 Material in the quenched and tempered or
quenched, tempered, and stress-relieved condition shall
conform to the impact requirements in Table 2, or of Supplementary Requirement S8 if so specified.
Heat Treatment
6.1 Material which is ordered in the annealed condition
shall have a structure suitable for machining. Such annealed
bolting material is not intended to be used without subsequent quenching and tempering as specified in 6.2.
10.3 The percent of shear (ductility or fibrous) fracture
shall be computed. The computed value shall be recorded
for all impact specimens.
6.2 Material which is ordered in the liquid-quenched
and tempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from
a temperature below the cooling transformation range to
the proper austenitizing temperature. It shall be quenched
in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions
and then uniformly reheated for tempering. The minimum
tempering temperature shall be 850°F [455°C].
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10.4 The amount of lateral expansion shall be measured. The measured value shall be recorded for all impact
specimens.
10.5 The percent shear and the amount of lateral expansion shall be reported for information purposes (see 17.1).
6.3 Material that has been straightened after quenching
and tempering shall be stress relieved by reheating to a
temperature not lower than 100°F [55°C] under the tempering temperature.
11. Dimensions and Tolerances
11.1 Permissible Tolerances for Straightness:
11.1.1 Annealed material shall have an out-ofstraightness tolerance of 1⁄8 in. in any 5 ft or 1⁄8 ⴛ (number
of feet of length/5) in. [2 mm/m].
7.
Chemical Composition
7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
11.1.2 Quenched, tempered and stress-relieved material shall have an out-of-straightness tolerance of 1⁄4 in. in
any 5 ft or 1⁄4 ⴛ (number of feet of length/5) in. [4 mm/m].
11.2 Unless otherwise specified, headed bolts shall be
semi-finished, hexagon in shape, and in accordance with
the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.1. Unless otherwise specified, nuts shall be hexagonal in shape, and in accordance
with the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.2. Unless otherwise
specified, the ANSI Standard heavy bolt and nut series
shall be used. If socket head fasteners are required, the
dimensions shall be in accordance with ANSI B 18.3, as
specified by the purchaser.
8.
Tensile Requirements
8.1 Material furnished in the annealed condition shall
be capable of meeting the specified tensile properties for
the class as specified in Table 2 when heat treated in
accordance with 6.2 and 6.3 (see Supplementary Requirement S4).
8.2 Material in the quenched and tempered or
quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition shall
conform to properties shown in Table 2 for the specified
class.
11.3 All bolts, stud bolts and accompanying nuts, unless
otherwise specified, shall be threaded in accordance with
ANSI B 1.1, Class 2A or 2B fit.
9.
Hardness Requirements
9.1 The hardness shall be determined on the surface
of the material after removal of decarburization.
9.2 The hardness of material in the annealed condition
shall not be greater than 235 HB.
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
12.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and free
of defects that would be detrimental to the intended service.
If magnetic particle inspection for such defects is desired,
Supplementary Requirement S6 should be specified.
9.3 The hardness of material in the quenched and tempered or quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition
shall be within the limits in Table 2 for the specified class.
12.2 Surface Quality — Material shall be free of seams,
laps, cracks, or other defects that are not removable within
the machining cleanup allowance specified in Table 4.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
13. Surface Condition
13.1 Material shall be cleaned and furnished in the
scalefree condition.
mid-length of the production pieces selected for destruction
to provide test coupon material. The production pieces
selected for test shall be identical with respect to the
quenched contour and size except for length which shall
equal or exceed the length of the represented production
pieces.
14. Number of Tests
14.1 Mechanical Tests on Quenched and Tempered
Material:
16.2 Tension and impact specimens from bolting materials with cross sections of 11⁄2 in. [38 mm] or less shall
be taken so that their longitudinal axis is on a line representing the center of the diameter or thickness.
14.1.1 One test coupon shall be removed from each
end of one bar, one seamless tube, or one bored bar or
from each of two forged hollows from each size of each
heat in each tempering charge, or each 10 000 lb [4540 kg],
whichever is less. One tension test and one impact test
consisting of three Charpy V-notch specimens shall be
taken from each test coupon. For testing in accordance with
16.1.1, two tests shall be obtained from two representative
production pieces from each size of each heat in each
tempering charge or each 10 000 lb [4540 kg], whichever
is less.
16.3 Tension test specimens from bolting materials
with cross sections exceeding 11⁄2 in. [38 mm] shall be
taken so that their longitudinal axis is midway between
mid-thickness and surface.
16.4 Impact specimens from bolting materials with
cross sections exceeding 11⁄2 in. [38 mm] shall be taken
so that their longitudinal axis is midway between midthickness and surface or 1 in. [25 mm] below the surface
plus the machining allowance per side, whichever is the
lesser.
14.1.2 Hardness Test:
14.1.2.1 Bars 2 in. [50 mm] and over and all
seamless tubes or bored bars shall be tested near each
end of each mill-treated length. Each forged hollow with
thickness 2 in. [50 mm] or over shall be tested on the
surface.
17. Certification
17.1 When requested in the purchaser’s order, a test
report shall be furnished to the purchaser to indicate the
specification, grade, and the test results required by this
specification plus any other tests which may be specified
in writing by the purchaser. The specification designation
included on the test reports shall include year date, and
revision letter, if any.
14.1.2.2 Bars under 2 in. [50 mm] shall be tested
near each end of not less than 10% of the bars. Forged
hollows less than 2 in. [50 mm] thick shall be tested on
the surface of not less than 10% of the forgings.
14.2 Hardness Tests of Annealed Material:
14.2.1 Hardness tests shall be made on the annealed
bars to assure compliance with 10.2.
18. Product Marking
18.1 Bars under 2 in. [50 mm] in diameter shall be
bundled and tagged with the specification, grade, and mill
heat number. The specification number marked on the tag
need not include specification year date and revision
number.
15. Retests
15.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any test
lot do not conform to the specified requirements, the manufacturer shall reject the lot or he may retreat such a lot not
more than twice. After the lot is retreated, all of the tests
specified in 14 shall be repeated, and all shall conform to
the specified requirements.
18.2 Bars 2 in. [50 mm] and over in diameter and all
seamless tubes and bored bars shall be die-stamped with
the mill heat number and grade on one surface.
18.3 Each hollow forging shall be die-stamped with
the heat number or heat symbol code and grade.
16. Test Specimens and Methods of Testing
16.1 A discard equivalent to the diameter of the bar
when heat treated as a solid or a discard equivalent to the
wall thickness when heat treated as a seamless tube, bored
bar, or hollow forging shall be taken prior to removal of
test coupons.
18.4 Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols
shall be applied to one end of studs 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in
diameter and larger and to the heads of bolts 1⁄4 in. [6 mm]
in diameter and larger. (If the available area is inadequate,
the grade symbol ay be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s symbol marked on the other end.)
16.1.1 When production pieces are not of sufficient
length to permit removal of test coupons in accordance
with 16.1, the mid-length of the specimens shall be at the
18.5 For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer is considered the organization that certifies the
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SA-540 /SA-540M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
bolting material was manufactured, sampled, tested, and
inspected in accordance with the specification and the
results have been determined to meet the requirements of
this specification.
19.
Keywords
19.1 bolts—steel; chromium-molybdenum alloy steel;
chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel; chromiumnickel-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel; fasteners—
steel; nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel; nuclear
applications; nuts—steel; steel bars—alloy; steel bolting
material; tubes—extruded seamless; washers—steel
18.6 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
18.1-18.5, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary
identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with
AIAG B-5 02.00. If used on small items, the bar code may
be applied to the box or a substantially applied tag.
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTSA
Identification
Symbol Grade
冦
B21
B22
B23
B24
B24V
(Cr-Mo-V)
(4142-H)
(E-4340-H)
(4340 Mod.)
(4340V Mod.)
ChromiumMolybdenumVanadium
ChromiumMolybdenum
Chromium-NickelMolybdenum
Chromium-NickelMolybdenum
Chromium-NickelMolybdenumVanadium
Range, %
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Vanadium
0.36–0.44
0.45–0.70
0.025C
0.025C
0.15–0.35
0.80–1.15
...
0.50–0.65
0.25–0.35
Product
Variation,
Over or
Under,B %
0.02
0.03
0.005
0.005
0.02
0.05
...
0.03
0.03
Range, %
Product
Variation,
Over or
Under,B %
0.39–0.46
0.65–1.10
0.025C
0.025C
0.15–0.35
0.75–1.20
...
0.15–0.25
...
0.02
0.04
0.005
0.005
0.02
0.05
...
0.02
...
Range, %
Product
Variation,
Over or
Under,B %
0.37–0.44
0.60–0.95
0.025C
0.025C
0.15–0.35
0.65–0.95
1.55–2.00
0.20–0.30
...
0.02
0.04
0.005
0.005
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.02
...
Range, %
Product
Variation,
Over or
Under,B %
Range, %
Product
Variation,
Over or
Under,B %
0.37–0.44
0.70–0.90
0.025C
0.025C
0.15–0.35
0.70–0.95
1.65–2.00
0.30–0.40
...
0.02
0.04
0.005
0.005
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.02
...
0.37–0.44
0.60–0.95
0.025C
0.025C
0.15–0.35D
0.60–0.95
1.55–2.00
0.40–0.60
0.04–0.10
0.02
0.04
0.005
0.005
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.01
A
The intentional addition of Bi, Se, Te, and Pb is not permitted.
Unless otherwise specified, separate determinations may vary from the specified ranges, except that elements in any heat must not vary
both above and below the specified range.
C
Phosphorus and sulfur content is 0.04% max when open-hearth steel is specified.
D
Silicon content is 0.35% max if vacuum-carbon deoxidized.
B
988
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-540 /SA-540M
TABLE 2
MECHANICAL PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS
Grade
Yield
Strength,
0.2%
offset,
min
Surface
Brinell
Hardness
Diameter
in.
ksi
ksi
ln 2 in.
120
115
115
135
135
145
145
155
165
105
100
100
120
120
130
130
140
150
15
15
15
13
13
12
12
11
10
50
50
50
45
45
40
40
40
35
241
248
255
269
277
293
302
311
321
285
302
311
331
352
352
375
401
429
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
to 2, incl
over 2 to 4, incl
to 1, incl
over 1 to 4, incl
to 2, incl
over 2 to 4, incl
to 3, incl
to 11⁄2, incl
120
115
135
135
145
145
155
165
105
100
120
120
130
130
140
150
15
15
13
13
12
12
11
10
50
50
45
45
40
40
40
35
248
255
269
277
293
302
311
321
293
302
341
363
363
375
401
401
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
to 6, incl
over 6 to
over 8 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
over 6 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
over 6 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
over 6 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
over 6 to
120
115
115
135
135
135
145
145
145
155
155
155
165
165
165
105
100
100
120
120
120
130
130
130
140
140
140
150
150
150
15
15
15
13
13
13
12
12
12
11
11
11
10
10
10
50
50
50
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
40
35
35
35
248
255
262
269
277
285
293
302
311
311
311
321
321
331
341
311
321
321
341
352
363
363
375
388
388
401
415
415
429
444
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
1
4
1
1
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Class
Elongation,
min, %
Reduction
of Area,
min, %
min
max
Charpy
V-Notch
+10°F
(−12.2°C)
Tensile
Strength,
min
Inch-Pound Units
B21
(Cr–Mo–V)
5
4
3
2
1
B22
(4142-H)
5
4
3
2
1
B23
(E-4340-H)
5
4
3
2
1
to 2, incl
over 2 to
over 6 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
to 4, incl
to 4, incl
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6, incl
8, incl
6, incl
6, incl
8, incl
91⁄2, incl
6, incl
91⁄2, incl
6, incl
91⁄2, incl
6, incl
91⁄2, incl
6, incl
8, incl
989
Licensee=Tech Stds & Safety Auth./9991061001
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SA-540 /SA-540M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
MECHANICAL PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D)
Grade
Class
Diameter
Tensile
Strength,
min
Yield
Strength,
0.2%
offset,
min
Elongation,
min, %
Surface
Brinell
Hardness
Reduction
of Area,
min, %
min
max
Charpy
V-Notch
+10°F
(−12.2°C)
Inch-Pound Units (Cont’d)
in.
B24
(4340 Mod.)
5
4
3
2
1
B24V
(4340V Mod.)
3
2
1
to 6, incl
over 6 to
over 8 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
over 6 to
over 8 to
to 3, incl
over 3 to
over 8 to
to 7, incl
over 7 to
to 6, incl
over 6 to
to 4, incl
over 4 to
over 8 to
to 4, incl
over 4 to
over 8 to
to 4, incl
over 4 to
over 8 to
8, incl
91⁄2, incl
6, incl
8, incl
91⁄2, incl
8, incl
91⁄2, incl
91⁄2, incl
8, incl
8, incl
11, incl
8, incl
11, incl
8, incl
11, incl
ksi
ksi
ln 2 in.
120
115
115
135
135
135
135
145
145
145
155
155
165
165
105
100
100
120
120
120
120
130
130
130
140
140
150
150
15
15
15
13
13
13
13
12
12
12
11
11
10
10
50
50
50
45
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
35
35
248
255
262
269
277
285
293
293
302
311
311
321
321
331
311
321
321
341
352
363
363
363
388
388
401
415
415
429
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
2
4
3
4
145
145
145
155
155
155
165
165
165
130
130
130
140
140
140
150
150
150
12
12
12
11
11
11
10
10
10
40
40
40
40
40
40
35
35
35
293
302
311
311
311
321
321
331
331
363
375
388
388
401
415
415
429
444
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
2
3
2
3
4
3
4
4
Metric Units
B21
(Cr–Mo–V)
5
4
3
2
1
B22
(4142-H)
5
4
3
2
1
mm
MPa
MPa
In 50
mm
to 50, incl
over 50 to 150, incl
over 150 to 205 incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
to 100, incl
to 100, incl
825
795
795
930
930
1000
1000
1070
1140
725
690
690
825
825
895
895
965
1035
15
15
15
13
13
12
12
11
10
50
50
50
45
45
40
40
40
35
241
248
255
269
277
293
302
311
321
285
302
311
331
352
352
375
401
429
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
to 50, incl
over 50 to 100, incl
to 25, incl
over 25 to 100, incl
to 50, incl
over 50 to 100, incl
to 75, incl
to 38, incl
825
795
930
930
1000
1000
1070
1140
725
690
825
825
895
895
965
1035
15
15
13
13
12
12
11
10
50
50
45
45
40
40
40
35
248
255
269
277
293
302
311
321
293
302
341
363
363
375
401
401
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
990
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-540 /SA-540M
TABLE 2
MECHANICAL PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D)
Grade
Class
Diameter
Tensile
Strength,
min
Yield
Strength,
0.2%
offset,
min
Elongation,
min, %
Surface
Brinell
Hardness
Reduction
of Area,
min, %
min
max
Charpy
V-Notch
+10°F
(−12.2°C)
Metric Units (Cont’d)
B23
(E-4340-H)
5
4
3
2
1
B24
(4340 Mod.)
5
4
3
2
1
B24V
(4340V Mod.)
3
2
1
mm
MPa
MPa
ln 50
mm
to 150, incl
over 150 to 200, incl
over 200 to 240, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
over 150 to 240, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
over 150 to 240, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
over 150 to 240, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
over 150 to 200, incl
825
795
795
930
930
930
1000
1000
1000
1070
1070
1070
1140
1140
1140
725
690
690
825
825
825
895
895
895
965
965
965
1035
1035
1035
15
15
15
13
13
13
12
12
12
11
11
11
10
10
10
50
50
50
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
40
35
35
35
248
255
262
269
277
285
293
302
311
311
311
321
321
331
341
311
321
321
341
352
363
363
375
388
388
401
415
415
429
444
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
1
4
1
1
4
2
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
to 150, incl
over 150 to 200, incl
over 200 to 240, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 150, incl
over 150 to 200, incl
over 200 to 240, incl
to 75, incl
over 75 to 200, incl
over 200 to 240, incl
to 180, incl
over 180 to 240, incl
to 150, incl
over 150 to 200, incl
825
795
795
930
930
930
930
1000
1000
1000
1070
1070
1140
1140
725
690
690
825
825
825
825
895
895
895
965
965
1035
1035
15
15
15
13
13
13
13
12
12
12
11
11
10
10
50
50
50
45
45
45
45
40
40
40
40
40
35
35
248
255
262
269
277
285
293
293
302
311
311
321
321
331
311
321
321
341
352
363
363
363
388
388
401
415
415
429
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
2
4
3
4
to 100, incl
over 100 to
over 200 to
to 100, incl
over 100 to
over 200 to
to 100, incl
over 100 to
over 200 to
1000
1000
1000
1070
1070
1070
1140
1140
1140
895
895
895
965
965
965
1035
1035
1035
12
12
12
11
11
11
10
10
10
40
40
40
40
40
40
35
35
35
293
302
311
311
311
321
321
331
331
363
375
388
388
401
415
415
429
444
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
2
3
2
3
4
3
4
4
200, incl
240, incl
200, incl
280 incl
200, incl
280, incl
NOTES:
(1) The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less
but not less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J] .
(2) The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less
but not less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J].
(3) The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less
but not less than 20 ft·lbf [27 J].
(4) No minimum values established. Tests shall be run for
than 35 ft·lbf [47 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 35 ft·lbf [47 J]
than 30 ft·lbf [41 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J]
than 25 ft·lbf [34 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J]
information only.
991
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SA-540 /SA-540M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 3
PERMISSIBLE VARIATION IN DIAMETER OF ROLLED BARSA
Size Tolerance
Out-of-Round
Over
Under
Specified Diameter, in. [mm]
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
1 to 11⁄8 [25 to 29], incl
Over 11⁄8 to 11⁄4 [29 to 32], incl
Over 11⁄4 to 13⁄8 [32 to 35], incl
Over 13⁄8 to 11⁄2 [35 to 38], incl
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38 to 50], incl
Over 2 to 21⁄2 [50 to 65], incl
Over 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 [65 to 90], incl
Over 31⁄2 to 41⁄2 [90 to 115], incl
Over 41⁄2 to 51⁄2 [115 to 140], incl
Over 51⁄2 to 61⁄2 [140 to 165], incl
Over 61⁄2 to 81⁄4 [165 to 210], incl
Over 81⁄4 to 91⁄2 [210 to 240], incl
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
1
⁄64
1
⁄32
3
⁄64
1
⁄16
5
⁄64
1
⁄8
5
⁄32
3
⁄16
0.25
0.28
0.30
0.36
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
1.9
3.2
3.7
4.8
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
1
⁄64
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.25
0.28
0.30
0.36
0.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.015
0.016
0.018
0.021
0.023
0.023
0.035
0.046
0.058
0.070
0.085
0.100
0.38
0.41
0.46
0.53
0.58
0.58
0.89
1.17
1.47
1.78
2.16
2.54
A
Consult the manufacturer on forged bars, cold-finished bars, bored bars, seamless tubes, and forged hollows.
TABLE 4
ROLLED BARSA — PERMISSIBLE GRINDING DEPTH
FOR REMOVAL OF SURFACE DEFECTS
Minimum Stock
Removal Per Side
Diameter, in. [mm]
in.
mm
1 to 11⁄8 [25 to 29], incl
Over 11⁄8 to 11⁄4 [29 to 32], incl
Over 11⁄4 to 13⁄8 [32 to 35], incl
Over 13⁄8 to 11⁄2 [35 to 38], incl.
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38 to 50], incl
Over 2 to 21⁄2 [50 to 65], incl
Over 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 [65 to 90], incl
Over 31⁄2 to 41⁄2 [90 to 115], incl
Over 41⁄2 to 51⁄2 [115 to 140], incl
Over 51⁄2 to 61⁄2 [140 to 165], incl
Over 61⁄2 to 81⁄4 [165 to 210], incl
Over 81⁄4 to 91⁄2 [210 to 240], incl
0.025
0.028
0.030
0.033
0.042
0.052
0.072
0.090
0.110
0.125
0.155
0.203
0.64
0.71
0.76
0.84
1.07
1.32
1.83
2.29
2.79
3.18
3.94
5.16
A
Consult the manufacturer on forged bars, cold-finished bars,
bored bars, seamless tubes, and forged hollows.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-540 /SA-540M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order, in which event the tests
shall be made at the mill at the purchaser’s expense unless otherwise agreed upon.
S1.
recorded and the percent of fibrous fracture determined
from Table S5.1 and Fig. S5.1. The other three sets shall
be tested at successively lower or higher temperatures to
bracket the temperature where the material will exhibit a
50% fibrous fracture. The results of all test data are to be
reported to the purchaser.
Product Analysis
S1.1 Product analysis shall be made on each bar, seamless tube, bored bar, or the parent bar from which forged
hollows are made. Individual pieces failing to conform to
Table 1 shall be rejected.
S2. Macroetch Test
S6.
S2.1 The material shall be macroetch tested and shall
meet the quality and cleanliness requirements as specified
by the purchaser. The macroetch examination may be made
on representative billets from which the material will be
produced or it may be made on samples cut from the ends
of the bars, seamless tubes, bored bars, or forged hollows.
The samples shall be prepared in accordance with the procedure described in Method E 381.
S6.1 Material may be supplied to cleanliness requirements by agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
The cleanliness shall be determined by the magnetic particle method described in the latest issue of Practice E 45.
NOTE S6.1 — The material shall have the minimum stock removal
specified in Table S6.1 prior to magnetic particle inspection.
NOTE S2.1 — The quality and cleanliness may be specified by the
purchaser as equal to or better than that indicated by a designated letter
and plate number of Military Standard—430 (latest revision).
S3.
Magnetic Particle Inspection
S7.
Elevated Temperature Test
S7.1 Three Charpy V-notch specimens shall be tested
at 212°F [100°C] to determine the “upper shelf” fracture
energy of the material. No specimen thus tested shall break
at an energy less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J].
Ultrasonic Test
S3.1 Each length shall be ultrasonically inspected in a
manner agreeable to the purchaser and supplier.
S8.
S4.
S8.1 The fracture toughness requirements (Charpy
impact test) for material of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code, Section III, Subarticle NB-2300, shall be used
instead of the Charpy impact test requirement specified in
Table 2.
Demonstration of Capability
S4.1 When annealed material is ordered to 6.1, a sample
piece at least 3 D long of a representative bar shall be heat
treated in accordance with 6.2 and 6.3. Mechanical test
samples taken as required by Section 16 shall meet the
requirements of 8.2 and 10.2.
S9.
S5.
Alternative Fracture Toughness Requirement
Marking
S9.1 Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols
shall be applied to one end of the studs and to the heads
of bolts of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate,
the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the
manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other
end). For bolts and studs smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in
diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] studs requiring more than
a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of
agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.
Fracture Transition Temperature
S5.1 The fracture transition temperature for a 50%
fibrous (ductile shear) fracture shall be determined. The
procedure for determination of the fracture transition temperature shall be to prepare four sets (three to a set) of
Charpy V-notch specimens in accordance with Section 16.
One set of three specimens shall be tested at approximately
70°F [20°C]. The absorbed energy in foot-pounds shall be
993
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SA-540 /SA-540M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
FIG. S5.1 CALCULATION OF PERCENT FIBROUS AREA
TABLE S5.1
PERCENT FIBROUS FRACTUREA
DIMENSION A WIDTH, mm
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10
Dimension B
Height, mm
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
98
97
96
95
94
98
96
95
94
93
97
95
94
92
91
96
94
93
91
90
96
93
91
89
87
95
93
90
87
85
94
92
89
86
83
94
91
88
84
81
93
90
86
83
79
93
89
85
81
78
92
88
84
80
76
91
87
82
79
74
91
86
81
76
72
90
85
80
75
70
89
85
79
73
68
89
83
78
72
66
88
82
76
70
64
87
81
75
69
63
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
93
93
92
91
90
91
90
89
88
86
89
87
86
84
83
87
85
83
81
79
85
83
80
78
75
83
80
78
75
72
80
78
75
72
69
78
75
72
69
66
75
72
69
66
63
74
70
66
63
59
72
68
63
59
55
69
65
61
56
52
67
62
58
53
48
65
60
55
50
45
63
57
52
48
42
61
55
49
44
38
58
52
46
40
35
56
50
43
38
31
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
89
88
87
86
85
85
84
82
81
80
81
80
79
76
75
78
76
74
72
70
74
72
69
67
65
70
68
65
62
70
66
63
61
58
55
63
59
56
53
50
59
55
52
48
45
55
51
47
44
40
51
47
43
40
35
47
43
39
34
30
44
40
34
30
25
40
35
30
25
20
36
31
26
23
15
33
27
21
16
10
29
23
16
11
5
25
19
12
6
0
A
See Fig. S5.1.
TABLE S6.1
ROLLED BARS — STOCK REMOVAL FOR MAGNETIC
PARTICLE INSPECTION
A
Minimum Stock
Removal Per Side
Diameter, in. [mm]
in.
mm
1 to 11⁄2 [25 to 38], incl
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38 to 50], incl
Over 2 to 21⁄2 [50 to 65], incl
Over 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 [65 to 90], incl
Over 31⁄2 to 41⁄2 [90 to 115], incl
Over 41⁄2 to 6 [115 to 155], incl
Over 6 to 10 [155 to 255], incl
0.075
0.090
0.125
0.156
0.187
0.250
0.312
1.90
2.29
3.18
3.96
4.75
6.35
7.92
A
Consult the manufacturer on forged bars, cold-finished bars,
bored bars, seamless tubes, and forged hollows.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-541/SA-541M
SPECIFICATION FOR QUENCHED AND TEMPERED
CARBON AND ALLOY STEEL FORGINGS FOR
PRESSURE VESSEL COMPONENTS
SA-541 /SA-541M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 541 /A 541M-05.)
1.
Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in nonconformance with the specification.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers requirements for
quenched and tempered carbon and alloy steel forgings for
pressure vessel components.
1.2 All grades are considered weldable under proper
conditions. Welding technique is of fundamental importance, and it is presupposed that welding procedure and
inspection will be in accordance with approved methods
for the grade of material used.
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the
inch-pound units.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 275 /A 275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 388 /A 388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of
Heavy Steel Forgings
A 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E 208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels
NOTE 1 — Grades 1 and 1A have different chemistries but the same
mechanical requirements.
NOTE 2 — Designations have been changed as follows:
Current
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
Grade
1
1A
1C
2 Class 1
2 Class 2
3 Class 1
3 Class 2
4N Class 1
4N Class 2
4N Class 3
5 Class 1
5 Class 2
11 Class 4
22 Class 3
22 Class 4
22 Class 5
22V
3V
Formerly
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
Class
1
1A
4
2
2A
3
3A
7
7A
7B
8
8A
11C
22B
22C
22D
22V
3V
3.
Ordering Information and General
Requirements
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
Specification A 788, the purchaser shall include with the
inquiry and order a detailed drawing that locates areas
of significant loading in the forging (when required); the
method of selecting test locations (see 6.2); purchase option
(if any) in accordance with 9.1, and any supplementary
requirements desired.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform
to the requirements of Specification A 788, which outlines
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SA-541/SA-541M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification, product analysis variations, and
additional supplementary requirements.
shall be tempered at a subcritical temperature as described
in 5.1.
6.
Mechanical Properties
6.1 General Requirements — The forgings shall conform to the requirements of Table 2. The forgings shall
also conform to the requirements of Table 3 unless either
Supplementary Requirement S6 or S13 is specified, in
which case the requirements of those sections shall apply.
The largest obtainable tension test specimen as specified
in Fig. 4 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370 shall be
used. Impact specimens shall be Charpy V-notch, as shown
in Fig. 10 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. The
usage of subsize impact specimens due to material limitations must have prior purchaser approval.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 788, the
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
4.
Chemical Composition
4.1 Heat Analysis — The heat analysis obtained from
sampling in accordance with Specification A 788 shall
comply with Table 1 except that the additional features of
Supplementary Requirements S8, S9, S10, S12, and S15
shall also apply as individually specified in the ordering
information.
6.2 Sampling — The longitudinal axis and mid-length
of tension and impact test specimens shall be positioned
in accordance with one of the following methods as specified by the purchaser:
4.2 Product Analysis — The manufacturer shall use the
product analysis provision of Specification A 788 to obtain
a product analysis from a forging representing each heat
or multiple heat. The permissible variations of Table 1 of
Specification A 788 do not apply to carbon, phosphorus,
silicon, and sulphur for all classes, vanadium for Grade
1C, and columbium and calcium for Grades 22V and 3VCb.
Boron is not subject to product analysis. The purchaser
may also make this determination in accordance with Specification A 788.
6.2.1 Method 1 — This method shall always be used
when the maximum quenched thickness does not exceed
2 in. [50 mm]. Specimens shall be located in the production
forging or test forging (as described in Method 4) at midthickness and at least 2 in. from other quenched surfaces.
6.2.2 Method 2 — t by 2t, where t is the distance
from the area of significant loading (see 3.1) to the nearest
quenched surface. However, the specimens shall not be
nearer to one quenched surface than 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] and to
the second quenched surface than 11⁄2 in. [40 mm]. When
this method of testing is employed, forgings are usually
manufactured in accordance with a purchaser-approved
drawing showing pre-quenched dimensions and the location of mechanical test specimens.
5.
Heat Treatment for Mechanical Properties
5.1 After complete austenitization, the forgings shall
be quenched in a suitable liquid medium by spraying or
immersion. For Grade 22V forgings, the minimum austenitizing temperature shall be 1650°F [900°C]. Quenching
shall be followed by tempering at a subcritical temperature
and holding at this temperature for a minimum time of
1
⁄2 h/in. [25 mm] of maximum section thickness. Minimum
tempering temperatures shall be:
Grade
°F [°C]
1, 1A, 2 Class 2, 3 Class 2
2, 3 Class 1, 22 Class 3
1C, 11 Class 4, 22 Class 4, 4N Class 1, 4N Class 2, 5
Class 1, 5 Class 2
22 Class 15
4N Class 3
3V, 3VCb
22V
1150 [620]
1200 [650]
1100 [595]
1050
1125
1250
1250
6.2.3 Method 3 — 1⁄4 T by T, where T is the maximum
thickness of the forging as heat treated. Where this method
of testing is employed, the following limitations for astreated thickness shall apply, unless otherwise agreed upon:
Grade
1 and 1A
2 Class 2 and 3 Class 2
2 Class 1 and 3 Class 1
1C
11 Class 4
22 Class 4, 4N Class 2, 5 Class 2
22 Class 5
4N Class 1, 5 Class 1, 4N Class 3, 3V, 3VCb,
22V, and 22 Class 3
[565]
[605]
[675]
[675]
5.2 For Classes 1, 1A, 2, 2A, 3, or 3A, a multiple stage
austenitizing procedure may be used whereby the forging
is first fully austenitized and liquid quenched, followed
by reheating within the intercritical temperature range to
partially reaustenitize, and again liquid quenched. On completion of the austenitizing/quenching cycles, the forgings
3 [75]
6 [150]
8 [200]
4 [100]
5 [125]
6 [150]
8 [200]
10 [250]
6.2.4 Method 4 — Test specimens shall be taken from
a representative separate test forging or bar made from the
same heat of steel, which shall receive substantially the
same reduction and type of hot working as the production
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
forgings that it represents, except that a longitudinally
forged bar may be used to represent a rolled ring of similar
cross section. It shall be of the same nominal thickness as
the as-quenched production forgings and shall be heat
treated in the same furnace charge and under the same
conditions as the production forgings. Test specimens shall
be removed using the 1⁄4 T by T procedure referenced in
Method 3 with the same limitation on forging thickness
as in 6.2.3. This method shall be limited to forgings with a
rough machined weight of not more than 1 000 lb [450 kg].
6.6.3 Each forging weighing over 10 000 lb
[4500 kg] shall require two tension tests and two impact
tests, located at opposite ends if the length is 11⁄2 times the
diameter or more, or 180° apart otherwise.
7.
Repair Welding
7.1 Repair welding of forgings may be permitted, but
only at the option of the purchaser.
7.2 If repair welding is performed, welders and weld
procedures shall be qualified in accordance with Section
IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
6.3 Metal Buffers — The required distances from
quenched surfaces may be obtained with metal buffers
instead of integral extensions. Buffer material may be carbon or low-alloy steel, and shall be joined to the forging
with a partial penetration weld that seals the buffered surface. Specimens shall be located at least 1⁄2 in. [13 mm]
from the buffered surface of the forging. Buffers shall be
removed and the welded areas subjected to magnetic particle test to ensure freedom from cracks unless the welded
areas are completely removed by subsequent machining.
8.
Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements
8.1 Dimensional and visual inspections shall be conducted by the manufacturer. Forgings shall be free of
cracks, thermal ruptures, or other imperfections.
9.
Certification and Reports
9.1 In addition to items required to be reported by
Specification A 788, the following items shall also be
reported:
6.4 Samples shall be removed from forgings after the
quenching and tempering heat treatments. This sample
material shall be subjected to a simulated post-weld heat
treatment if Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified.
9.1.1 Product chemical analysis.
6.5 Orientation — For upset disk forgings, the longitudinal axis of all test specimens shall be oriented in the
tangential direction. For all other forgings, the longitudinal
axis of the specimens shall be oriented in the direction of
maximum working of the forging unless Supplementary
Requirements S11 or S14 are imposed.
9.1.2 The method used for locating test specimens.
9.1.3 Sketches included in the report of non-destructive examinations.
9.1.4 Details of the heat treatment cycle, as listed in
Specification A 788.
6.6 Number of Tests:
6.6.1 Forgings under 500 lb [230 kg] As Treated —
For duplicate forgings weighing less than 500 lb [230 kg]
as treated, one tension test and one impact test (three specimens) shall be made to represent each heat in each heattreatment charge. When heat treatment is performed in
continuous-type furnaces with suitable temperature control
and equipped with recording pyrometers so that complete
heat-treatment records are available, a heat-treatment
charge shall be considered as any continuous run not
exceeding an 8 h duration.
10. Product Marking
10.1 The purchaser may specify additional identification marking and the location of the marking. If stamps
are used, they shall be round-nosed or “interrupted-dot”
die stamps having a minimum radius of 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm].
11. Keywords
11.1 chromium-molybdenum steel; nickel-chromiummolybdenum alloy steel; pressure vessel service; quenched
and tempered steel; steel forgings—alloy; steel forgings—
carbon
6.6.2 Forgings weighing 500 to 10 000 lb [230 to
4500 kg] As-Heat Treated — One tension and one impact
test (3 specimens) shall be made for each forging.
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0.35 max
0.50–1.00
0.25–0.45
0.55–0.70
0.05 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.025 max
0.27 max
0.50–0.90
0.025 max
Grade 2
0.35 max
0.40–1.00
0.25 max
0.45–0.60
0.05 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.025 max
0.25 max
1.20–1.50
0.025 max
Grade 3
0.35 max
0.25 max
0.15 max
0.05 max
0.02–0.12
...
...
...
...
...
0.025 max
0.18 max
1.30 max
0.025 max
Grade 1C
0.50–1.00
0.50 max
1.00–1.50
0.45–0.65
0.05 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.025 max
0.10–0.20
0.30–0.80
0.025 max
0.50 max
0.50 max
2.00–2.50
0.90–1.10
0.05 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.025 max
0.05–0.15
0.30–0.60
0.025 max
Grade 22
Classes 4
and 5
Grade 5
Grade 3V
0.30 max
2.8–3.9
1.25–2.00
0.40–0.60
0.03 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.30 max
2.8–3.9
1.25–2.00
0.40–0.60
0.08 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.10 max
...
2.8–3.3
0.90–1.10
0.20–0.30
0.015–0.035
0.001–0.003
...
...
...
0.025 max 0.025 max 0.020 max
0.23 max 0.23 max 0.10–0.15
0.20–0.40 0.20–0.40 0.30–0.60
0.025 max 0.025 max 0.020 max
Grade 4N
Grade 22V
0.50 max
0.25 max
2.00–2.50
0.90–1.10
0.02 max
...
...
...
...
...
0.10 max
0.25 max
2.00–2.50
0.90–1.10
0.25–0.35
0.030 max
0.0020 max
0.20 max
0.07 max
0.015 max2
0.015 max 0.010 max
0.11–0.15 0.11–0.15
0.30–0.60 0.30–0.60
0.015 max 0.015 max
Grade 22
Class 3
0.10 max
0.25 max
2.7–3.3
0.90–1.10
0.20–0.30
0.015 max
...
0.25 max
0.015–0.070
0.0005-0.0150
0.010 max
0.10–0.15
0.30–0.60
0.020 max
Grade 3VCb
NOTES:
(1) When vacuum carbon-deoxidation is required for the classes included in Supplementary Requirements S10, the silicon content shall be 0.10% max.
(2) For Grade 22V, rare earth metals (REM) may be added in place of calcium, subject to agreement between the producer and the purchaser. In that case the total amount of REM shall be
determined and reported.
max
max
max
max
max
0.35
0.40
0.25
0.10
0.05
...
...
...
...
...
Silicon1
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Vanadium
Titanium
Boron
Copper
Columbium
Calcium
0.40
0.40
0.25
0.10
0.05
...
...
...
...
...
0.025 max 0.025 max
Sulfur
max
max
max
max
max
0.35 max 0.30 max
0.40–0.90 0.70–1.35
0.025 max 0.025 max
Grade 1A
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Grade 1
Grade 11
Class 4
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS COMPOSITION, %
SA-541/SA-541M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
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Yield strength (0.2% offset),
min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. or
50 mm, min, %
Reduction of area, min, %
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
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80 to 105
[550–725]
50 [345]
18
38
70 to 95
[485–655]
36 [250]
20
38
Grades 1
and 1A
Grades 2
Class 1,
3 Class 1,
1C and
11 Class 4
35
16
90 to 115
[620–795]
65 [450]
Grade 2
Class 2
and
Grade 3
Class 2
45
16
105–130
[725–895]
85 [585]
Grade 22
Class 4
40
15
115–140
[795–965]
100 [690]
Grade 22
Class 5
48
18
105 to 130
[725–895]
85 [585]
Grade 4N
Class 1
and
Grade 5
Class 1
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
45
16
115–140
[795–965]
100 [690]
Grades 4N
Class 2 and
5 Class 2
48
20
90 to 115
[620–795]
70 [485]
Grade 4N
Class 3
45
18
85–110
[585–760]
60 [415]
Grades 3V
and 22V
45
18
85–110
[585–760]
55 [380]
Grade 22
Class 3
45
18
85–110
[585–760]
60 [415]
Grade
3VCb
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-541/SA-541M
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SA-541/SA-541M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
TABLE 3
CHARPY V-NOTCH IMPACT REQUIREMENTS AT 40°F (4°C) (EXCEPT FOR 2A)1, 2
Minimum average value of set of three
specimens, ft·lbf (J)3
Minimum value of one specimen, ft·lbf (J)
Grades 3V
and 3VCb,
Grade 22,
Class 3
and Grade
22V
Grades 1,
1A, and
11 Class 4
Grade 2
Class 2
and
3 Class 2
Grade 2
Class 1, 3
Class 1
and 1C
Grade 22
Class 5
Grades 22
CL 4 4N
Classes 1,
2, 3, 5
Classes 1,2
15 [20]
35 [47]4
30 [41]
25 [34]
35 [47]
40 [54]5
10 [14]
30 [41]4
25 [34]
20 [27]
30 [41]
35 [47]5
NOTES:
(1) These Charpy values are for tests made on standard 10 mm square specimens. If sub-size impact specimens are used, the required minimum ft·lbf
values shall be determined by multiplying the ft·lbf values in Table 3 by 5⁄6 for 7.5 by 10 mm specimens, and by 2⁄3 for 5 by 10 mm specimens.
(2) These values apply for tests at lower temperatures if Supplementary Requirement S6 is specified in the order.
(3) Not more than one specimen from a set may be below this value.
(4) Tested at 70°F [21°C].
(5) Tested at 0°F [−18°C].
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-541/SA-541M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified
by the purchaser in the inquiry or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall
be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S1.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Samples
S1.1 All test coupons shall be subjected to single or
multiple heat treatments at subcritical temperatures prior
to testing. Such treatments are intended to simulate postweld or other treatments to which the forgings will be
subjected during subsequent fabrication. The purchaser
shall furnish the manufacturer with details of the desired
heat treatment for the test coupons, including temperatures,
times, and cooling rates.
S2. Ultrasonic Inspection
S2.1 Forgings shall be ultrasonically examined in
accordance with the procedures of Practice
A 388 /A 388M.
S2.1.1 Longitudinal Wave Test:
S2.1.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the back
reflection method of tuning shall be used in accordance
with the Procedure Section (the paragraph regarding BackReflection Technique) of Practice A 388 /A 388M.
S2.1.1.2 In addition to the reportable conditions
of the Recording Section of Practice A 388 /A 388M, indications exceeding the resultant back reflection shall be
recorded.
S2.1.1.3 The following conditions are subject to
rejection:
(a) Complete loss of back reflection accompanied by
an indication of a discontinuity. For this purpose, a back
reflection less than 5% of full screen height shall be considered complete loss of back reflection.
(b) An indication equal in amplitude to that of the back
reflection established in an indication-free portion of the
forging.
S2.1.2 Angle Beam Test:
S2.1.2.1 Calibration notches, calibration reference, and method of scanning shall be in accordance with
the Procedure Section (the paragraph regarding
AngleBeam Examination) of Practice A 388 /A 388M.
S2.1.2.2 A forging that contains a discontinuity
that results in an indication exceeding the amplitude of the
reference line is subject to rejection.
S2.1.3 The report of the ultrasonic examination shall
be in compliance with the Report Section of Practice
A 388 /A 388M.
S2.1.4 Additional nondestructive examination or trepanning may be employed to resolve questions of interpretation of ultrasonic indications. The manufacturer shall
accept responsibility for injurious conditions that will not
be removed in final machining.
S3. Magnetic Particle Examination
S3.1 Each forging shall be inspected by magnetic particle methods described in Test Method A 275 /A 275M.
Acceptance and rejection standards shall be mutually
agreed upon by the purchaser and manufacturer.
S4. Charpy V-Notch Impact Transition Curve
S4.1 Sufficient impact tests shall be made from the
forging test material to establish a temperature-absorbed
energy curve. The test temperature range shall be wide
enough to establish the upper and lower shelf foot pound
energies, with sufficient testing at intermediate temperatures to permit plotting a reasonably smooth curve.
S5. Additional Charpy Data
S5.1 The percent shear fracture and mils or millimetres
of lateral expansion, defined in Test Methods and Definitions A 370, shall be reported for each Charpy specimen
tested.
S6. Charpy Impact Tests
S6.1 Charpy impact tests shall be made in accordance
with the provisions of Section 6 of this specification except
that the test temperature shall be lower than that specified
in Table 3.
S7. Drop-Weight Test
S7.1 Drop-weight tests shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of Test Method E 208. The
fracture plane of the specimens shall coincide with the
location required for other mechanical test specimens as
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specified by the purchaser in accordance with 6.2. However, since the drop-weight specimen can be taken in any
orientation, the fracture plane of the specimen when tested
to Method 2 (6.2.2) shall be a minimum distance of 7⁄16 in.
[11 mm] from the nearest quenched surface, and 11⁄2 in.
[40 mm] from any second surface. The purchaser may
specify either duplicate no-break performance when tested
10° warmer than a specified temperature or request a determination of the nil-ductility temperature.
S12.
S8. Restrictive Chemistry for Grades 4N and 5
S8.1 Phosphorus and sulfur limits for Grades 4N and
5 may be specified 0.020%, max.
S13.
S9. Additional Vanadium
S9.1 For Grade 5 forgings, 0.05 to 0.15% vanadium
may be specified.
S10. Special Steels
S10.1 Vacuum treated steel shall be specified.
S12.1 The following restricted phosphorus and copper
limits may be specified as follows:
P 0.012% max heat, 0.015% max product; Cu 0.10%
max
P 0.015% max heat, 0.018% max product; Cu 0.15%
max
S10.3 The test report shall indicate that the steel was
vacuum carbon deoxidized.
S11. Rings and Hollow Cylindrically Shaped Parts
S11.1 Tests shall be removed in the tangential (circumferential) direction regardless of direction of maximum
working.
Alternative Fracture Toughness Requirements
S13.1 The fracture toughness requirements (dropweight or Charpy impact tests, or both) for materials of
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III,
Article NB-2300, NC-2300, ND-2300, NE-2300, NF-2300
or NG-2300, as specified, shall be used instead of the
Charpy impact test requirements of this specification.
S14.
S10.2 When Grades 2, 3, 4N, and 5 are vacuum carbon
deoxidized, the silicon content shall be 0.10% maximum.
Restrictive Chemistry
Alternative Test Specimen Orientation
S14.1 The longitudinal axis of all test specimens shall
be oriented in a direction transverse to the direction of
maximum working of the forging.
S15.
Restricted Sulfur Content
S15.1 The sulfur content shall be limited to 0.015%
maximum heat and 0.018% maximum product.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-542/SA-542M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
ALLOY STEEL, QUENCHED-AND-TEMPERED,
CHROMIUM-MOLYBDENUM AND CHROMIUMMOLYBDENUM-VANADIUM
SA-542/SA-542M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 542/A 542M-99.)
1.
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with this specification.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers two types of 21⁄4Cr-1 Mo
and three types of Cr-Mo-V alloy steel plates for use in
the quenched-and-tempered condition, intended for the fabrication of welded pressure vessels and components.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20 /A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 435/A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577/A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578/A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
1.2 Material under this specification is available in five
types, designated “A,” “B,” “C,” “D,” and “E.” Type B is
identical to Type A except for restrictive limits for carbon,
phosphorus, sulfur, and nickel. The material is also available in five classes having the following strength levels.
Type E is available only as Class 4 and 4a.
2.
Class
1
2
3
4 and 4a
Minimum Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa]
105
115
95
85
[725]
[795]
[655]
[585]
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only
by the capacity of the chemical composition to meet the
specified mechanical property requirements.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Material supplied to this material specification shall
conform to Specification A 20/A 20M. These requirements
outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures,
permissible variations in dimensions, and mass, quality
and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
1.4 The minimum thickness of plates is limited to 3⁄16 in.
[5 mm].
3.
1.5 The material is intended to be suitable for fusion
welding. Welding technique is of fundamental importance
and it is presupposed that welding procedures will be in
accordance with approved methods.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents, therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
3.2 Specification A 20/A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
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SA-542/SA-542M
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
2010 SECTION II, PART A
Vacuum treatment.
Additional or special tension testing.
Impact testing.
Nondestructive examination.
from, a temperature within the range from 1650 to 1850°F
[900 to 1010°C] for Types A, B, C, and D and 1850 to
2050°F [1010 to 1120°C] for Type E before the heat treatment specified in 5.1.
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the supplementary
requirements listed in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20/A 20M.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
5.4 When the purchaser elects to perform the heat
treatment required above, the material manufacturer shall
temper the plates prior to shipment at a temperature not
lower than 1050°F [565°C] for Types A, B, C, and D and
not lower than 1200°F [650°C] for Type E.
6.
4.
Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed
and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement of Specification A 20/A 20M.
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1.
7.
Heat Treatment
5.1 All plates shall be heat treated by heating to a
suitable austenitizing temperature, holding for a sufficient
period of time to attain uniform temperature throughout
the thickness, and quenching in a suitable liquid medium by
spraying or immersion. For Type D material, the minimum
austenitizing temperature shall be 1650°F [900°C]. For
Type E material, the minimum austenitizing temperature
shall be 1850°F [1010°C].
5.
Type
Class
Temperature, °F [°C]
1, 2, 3
4
4a
1050 [565]
1200 [650]
1250 [675]
Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tension Test Requirements:
7.1.1 The material as represented by the tension-test
specimens shall conform to the requirements shown in
Table 2.
5.2 After quenching, the plates shall be tempered to
produce the specified tensile requirements by heating to a
suitable temperature and holding for a period of time of
not less that 30 min/in. [1.2 min/mm] of thickness but not
less than 1⁄2 h. The minimum tempering temperature shall
be as follows:
A, B, C
A, B, C
A, B, C, D
Chemical Composition
7.1.2 For nominal plate thicknesses of 3⁄4 in. [20 mm]
and under, the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] wide rectangular specimen
may be used for the tension test, and the elongation may
be determined in a 2 in. [50 mm] gage length that includes
the fracture and that shows the greatest elongation.
7.2 Notch Toughness Requirements — Classes 4 and
4a:
7.2.1 A transverse Charpy V-notch test from each
plate-as-heat-treated shall have a minimum energy absorption value of 40 ft·lbf [54 J] average of three specimens
and 35 ft·lbf [48 J] for one specimen only in the set.
7.2.2 For Class 4, the impact test temperature shall
be as specified on the order.
5.3 Plates over 4 in. [100 mm] in thickness shall receive
a prior heat treatment of normalizing at, or water quenching
7.2.3 For Class 4a, the impact test temperature shall
be 0°F [−18°C].
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-542/SA-542M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
A08
Composition, %
Element
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Carbon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Manganese:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, max.
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Sulfur, max.
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Silicon, max.
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Chromium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Molybdenum:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Copper, max.:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Nickel, max.:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Vanadium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Titanium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Boron:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Columbium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Calcium:D
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Type A
Type B
Type C
Type D
0.15 max.
0.18 max.A
Type E
0.11–0.15
0.09–0.18
0.10–0.15
0.08–0.18
0.11–0.15
0.09–0.18
0.10–0.15
0.08–0.18
0.30–0.60
0.25–0.66
0.025B
...
...
0.025B
...
...
0.50B
...
...
0.30–0.60
0.25–0.66
0.015B
...
...
0.015B
...
...
0.50B
...
...
0.30–0.60
0.25–0.66
0.025B
...
...
0.025B
...
...
0.13B
...
...
0.30–0.60
0.25–0.66
...
0.015
0.020
...
0.010
0.015
...
0.10
0.13
0.30–0.60
0.25–0.66
0.025
...
...
0.010
...
...
0.15
...
...
2.00–2.50
1.88–2.62
2.00–2.50
1.88–2.62
2.75–3.25
2.63–3.37
2.00–2.50
1.88–2.62
2.75–3.25
2.63–3.37
0.90–1.10
0.85–1.15
0.90–1.10
0.85–1.15
0.90–1.10
0.85–1.15
0.90–1.10
0.85–1.15
0.90–1.10
0.85–1.15
0.40
0.43
0.25
0.28
0.25
0.28
0.20
0.23
0.25
0.28
0.40
0.43
0.25
0.28
0.25
0.28
0.25
0.28
0.25
0.28
0.03 max.
0.04 max.
0.02 max.
0.03 max.
0.20–0.30
0.18–0.33
0.25–0.35
0.23–0.37
0.20–0.30
0.18–0.33
...
...
...
...
0.015–0.035
0.005–0.045
0.030 max.
0.035 max.
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.001–0.003
NAC
0.0020 max.
NAC
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.07 max.
0.08 max.
0.015–0.070
0.010–0.075
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.015 max.
0.020 max.
0.0005–0.0150
NAC
A
In A 542/A 542M – 82 and earlier editions, for plates 5 in. [125 mm] and under in thickness, the carbon was limited to 0.15%
maximum.
B
Applies to both heat analysis and product analysis.
C
NA p Product analysis is not applicable.
D
Rare earth metals (REM) may be added in place of calcium, subject to agreement between the producer and the purchaser. In that case,
the total amount of REM shall be determined and reported.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm],
min, %A
A
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Class 4a
105–125 [725–860]
85 [585]
115–135 [795–930]
100 [690]
95–115 [655–795]
75 [515]
85–110 [586–760]
55 [380]
85–110 [585–760]
60 [415]
14
13
20
20
18
See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustment.
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SA-542/SA-542M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
are included in Specification A 20 /A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use
with this specification are listed in this section by title. Other tests may be performed by
agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.
S1.
Vacuum Treatment
S2.
Product Analysis
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons
S4.2 Additional Tension Test,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test
S6.
Drop Weight Test
S7.
High-Temperature Tension Test
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 435/A 435M
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 577/A 577M
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 578/A 578M
S14.
Bend Test
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-542/SA-542M
ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
In addition, the following supplementary requirements are suitable for this application.
Hold at 1100°F (593°C) for 1 h, then cool at 10°F (5.6°C)/
h to 1000°F (538°C).
S62. Temper Embrittlement Factor
S62.1 The composition of the steel, based on heat analysis, shall be restricted in accordance with the following
equations:
Jp(Si + Mn) ⴛ (P + Sn) ⴛ 104 ≤ 150 (Si, Mn, P and Sn in wt %)
Hold at 1000°F (538°C) for 15 h, then cool at 10°F (5.6°C)/
h to 975°F (524°C).
Hold at 975°F (524°C) for 24 h, then cool at 10°F (5.6°C)/
h to 925°F (496°C).
Cu ≤ 0.20%
Ni ≤ 0.30%
Hold at 925°F (496°C) for 60 h, then cool at 5°F (2.8°C)/
h to 875°F (468°C).
S62.1.1 Lower values of J, Cu and Ni can be specified
by agreement between purchaser and the supplier.
Hold at 875°F (468°C) for 100 h, then cool at 50°F
(27.8°C)/h to 600°F (315°C).
S62.1.2 When so specified by the purchaser, the
maximum value of J shall not exceed 100.
Cool in still air.
S62.1.3 The values of J shall be reported.
S62.1.4 If the plates are repaired by welding, the
composition of the weld deposit shall be restricted in accordance with the following equations:
Xp(10P + 5Sb + 4Sn + As)/100 ≤ 15 (P, Sb, Sn and As in ppm)
S63.3 Test the Charpy V-notch test specimens in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370 to determine the 40 ft·lbf (55 J) transition temperature from each
transition temperature curve using a set of three test specimens at each test temperature. The test temperatures shall
include tests on the upper and lower shelves and a minimum
of four intermediate temperatures.
Cu ≤ 0.20%
Ni ≤ 0.30%
S63.4 The following requirements shall be met.
␯Tr40 + 2.5⌬␯Tr40 ≤ 50°F
␯Tr55 + 2.5⌬␯Tr55 ≤ 10°C
S62.1.5 The values of X shall be reported.
where:
S63. Impact Properties After Step Cooling
S63.1 The Charpy V-notch impact properties shall be
determined as follows:
S63.1.1 A sufficient amount of Charpy V-notch test
specimens shall be taken from the same location from a
plate from each heat of steel to construct two transition
temperature curves.
S63.1.2 The test specimens for one transition temperature curve shall be given the minimum post-weld heat
treatment (PWHT) cycle specified by the purchaser.
S63.2 The test specimens for the other transition temperature curve shall be given the PWHT cycle specified
in S63.1.2 plus the following step cooling heat treatment:
␯Tr40 (␯Tr55) p the 40 ft·lbf (55 J) transition temperature of the material subjected
to the minimum PWHT specified
by the purchaser
⌬␯Tr40 (⌬␯Tr55) p the shift of the 40 ft·lbf (55 J) transition temperature of the step
cooled material. (The 40 ft·lbf
(55 J) transition temperature of the
step cooled material minus that of
the material subjected to the minimum PWHT only)
S63.5 The 40 ft·lbf (55 J) transition temperatures for
the two material conditions shall be reported.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
FIG. S1.1 TRANSITION TEMPERATURE CURVES
BEFORE AND AFTER STEP COOL HEAT TREATMENT
1008
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-543 /SA-543M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
ALLOY STEEL, QUENCHED AND TEMPERED, NICKELCHROMIUM-MOLYBDENUM
SA-543 /SA-543M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 543 /A 543M-93.)
Scope
1.1 This specification covers nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel plates for use in the quenched and tempered condition, intended for the fabrication of welded
pressure vessels and other pressure equipment. These alloy
compositions are normally considered for construction
involving plate thicknesses of 2 in. [50 mm] or greater.
A 435/A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577/A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578/A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
1.2 Material under this specification is available in two
types, B and C. The material is also available in three
classes as follows:
3.
1.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Class
Minimum Tensile
Strength,
ksi [MPa]
1
105 [725]
2
115 [795]
3
90 [620]
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Material supplied to this material specification shall
conform to Specification A 20/A 20M. These requirements
outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures,
permissible variations in dimensions, and mass, quality
and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only
by the capacity of the chemical composition to meet the
specified mechanical property requirements.
3.2 Specification A 20/A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
1.4 The minimum plate thickness is 3⁄16 in. [5 mm].
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
3.3.1 Vacuum treatment,
3.3.2 Additional or special tension testing,
3.3.3 Impact testing, and
3.3.4 Nondestructive examination.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20 /A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
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SA-543 /SA-543M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
4.
Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed
and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement of Specification A 20 /A 20M.
plates prior to shipment at a temperature not lower than
1100°F [595°C].
6.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 All plates shall be heat treated by heating to a
suitable austenitizing temperature, holding for a sufficient
time period to attain uniform temperature through the thickness and quenching in a suitable liquid medium by spraying
or immersion. The plates shall then be tempered to produce
the required properties by heating to a suitable temperature
not lower than 1100°F [595°C] with a holding time of not
less than 1⁄2 h /in. [1.2 min /mm] of thickness but not less
than 1⁄2 h.
5.2 Plates over 4 in. [100 mm] in thickness shall receive
a prior treatment of normalizing at, or water quenching
from a temperature within the range from 1650 to 1850°F
[900 to 1010°C] before the heat treatment specified in 5.1.
Chemical Requirements
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
7.
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Tension Test Requirements:
7.1.1 The material as represented by the tension-test
specimens shall conform to the requirements shown in
Table 2.
5.3 When the fabricator elects to perform the heat
treatment in 5.1 and 5.2, the manufacturer shall temper the
7.1.2 For nominal plate thicknesses of 3⁄4 in. [20 mm]
and under, the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] wide rectangular specimen
may be used for the tension test and the elongation may
be determined in a 2 in. [50 mm] gage length that includes
the fracture and shows the greatest elongation.
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Element
A
Carbon, max
Manganese, maxA
Phosphorus, maxA
Sulfur, maxA
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Nickel:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Chromium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Molybdenum:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Vanadium, maxA
A
Type B
Type C
0.20
0.40
0.020
0.020
0.18
0.40
0.020
0.020
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
2.25–4.00
2.18–4.07
2.00–3.50
1.93–3.57
1.00–1.90
0.94–1.96
1.00–1.90
0.94–1.96
0.20–0.65
0.16–0.69
0.03
0.20–0.65
0.16–0.69
0.03
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi
[MPa]
Elongation, 2 in. [50 mm],
min, %
A
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
105–125
[725–860]
85 [585]
115–135
[795–930]
100 [690]
90–115
[620–795]
70 [485]
14A
14A
16A
See 7.1.2.
Applies to both heat and product analyses.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-543 /SA-543M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
are included in Specification A 20/A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use
with this specification are listed below by title. Other tests may be performed by agreement
between the supplier and the purchaser.
S1.
Vacuum Treatment,
S2.
Product Analysis,
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
S4.2
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 435/A 435M,
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 577/A 577M,
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with
Specification A 578/A 578M,
S14.
Bend Test, and
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
Additional Tension Test,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
S6.
Drop Weight Test,
S7.
High-Temperature Tension Test,
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-553/SA-553M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
ALLOY STEEL, QUENCHED AND TEMPERED
8 AND 9% NICKEL
SA-553 /SA-553M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 553 /A 553M-06.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers 8 and 9% nickel alloy
steel plates for use in the water quenched and tempered
condition intended for the fabrication of welded pressure
vessels.
1.2 Material under this specification is available in two
types having different chemical composition as follows:
Type
Nominal Nickel
Content, %
I
II
9
8
A 435 /A 435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Steel Plates
A 577 /A 577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam
Examination of Steel Plates
A 578 /A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications
3.
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1.3 Plates produced under this specification are subject
to impact testing at −320°F [−195°C] for Type I, and
−275°F [−170°C] for Type II or at such other temperatures
as are agreed upon.
1.4 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only
by the capacity of the material to meet the specified
mechanical property requirements; however, current mill
practice normally limits this material to 2 in. [50 mm] max.
1.5 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use
of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be
avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to
subsequent fabrication or service.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Material supplied to this material specification shall
conform to Specification A 20 /A 20M. These requirements
outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures,
permissible variations in dimensions, and mass, quality
and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
3.2 Specification A 20 /A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
3.3.1 Vacuum treatment,
3.3.2 Additional or special tension testing,
3.3.3 Impact testing, and
3.3.4 Nondestructive examination.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20 /A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20 /A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
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SA-553/SA-553M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
4.
Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed
and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement of Specification A 20 /A 20M.
5.
Heat Treatment
5.1 All plates shall be heat treated in accordance with
5.2. Shell plates and other parts, including heads and reinforcing pads, which are heated for forming, shall be heat
treated after forming in accordance with 5.2.
7.
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Tension Test Requirements — The material as represented by tension-test specimens shall conform to the
requirements specified in Table 2.
7.1.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and
the manufacturer, yield strength may be determined by the
extension under load method, using 0.005 in./in. [mm/mm]
total extension.
5.2 Heat Treatment Procedure — Heat treat all plates
by heating to a suitable temperature within the range from
1475 to 1700°F [800 to 925°C], holding for a sufficient
time to obtain uniform temperature throughout the plate
thickness and then quenching in water. Subsequently, temper the plates within the range from 1050 to 1175°F [565
to 635°C], holding at this temperature for a minimum of
30 min/in. [1.2 min/mm] of thickness but not less than
15 min, and cool in air or water quench at a rate not less
than 300°F/h [165°C/h].
5.2.1 Hardening — The plates shall be heated to a
temperature within the range from 1475 to 1700°F [800
to 925°C], held at that temperature for a sufficient time to
obtain uniform temperature throughout the plate thickness,
and then quenched in a liquid media.
5.2.2 Tempering — The plates shall be tempered at
a temperature within the range from 1050 to 1175°F [565
to 635°C], being held at that temperature for a minimum
of 30 min/in. [1.2 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case
less than 15 min., and then cooled in air or liquid-quenched
at a rate not less than 300°F/h [165°C/h].
5.2.2.1 Prior to the tempering treatment, the plates
may be subjected to an intermediate heat treatment consisting of heating to a temperature in the range from 1165
to 1290°F [630 to 700°C] for Type I, or 1185 to 1310°F
[640 to 710°C] for Type II, holding at that temperature for
a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in
no case less than 15 min, and then water-quenching to
below 300°F [150°C] in the case of plate thicknesses of
more than 5⁄8 in. [16 mm] or cooling in air or water-quenching to below 300°F [150°C] in the case of plate thicknesses
of 5⁄8 in. [16 mm] and under.
NOTE 1 — The intermediate heat treatment is for the purpose of enhancing elongation and notch-toughness and for reducing susceptibility to
strain-aging embrittlement and temper embrittlement. It may be performed
at the option of the material manufacturer or may be specified by the
purchaser.
6.
Chemical Requirements
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
7.1.2 For nominal plate thicknesses of 3⁄4 in. [20 mm]
and under, the 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] wide rectangular specimen
may be used for the tension test and the elongation may
be determined in a 2 in. [50 mm] gage length that includes
the fracture and shows the greatest elongation.
7.2 Impact Test Requirements:
7.2.1 Charpy V-notch impact tests shall be made in
accordance with Specification A 20 /A 20M.
7.2.2 The longitudinal axis of the test specimens
shall be transverse to the final rolling direction of the plate.
7.2.3 Unless otherwise agreed, tests shall be conducted at −320°F [−195°C] for Type I and at −275°F
[−170°C] for Type II.
7.2.4 Each test specimen shall have a lateral expansion opposite the notch of not less than 0.015 in.
[0.381 mm].
8.
Finish
8.1 Because retained scale may mask surface imperfections, as well as mar the plate surface, plates shall be
descaled by the producer after heat treatment. In the case
of material to be heat-treated by the purchaser, the plates
shall be descaled by the producer prior to shipment.
9.
Marking
9.1 In addition to the marking required in Specification
A 20/A 20M, each plate shall be legibly stamped or stenciled, depending upon the ordered thickness, with the letters QT, except as otherwise specified in 9.1.1.
9.1.1 When the optional heat treatment in 5.2.2.1 is
performed, the plates shall be marked with the letters QTT
instead of QT.
10.
Keywords
10.1 alloy steel; alloy steel plate; pressure containing
parts; pressure vessel steels; steel plates; steel plates for
pressure vessel applications
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-553/SA-553M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Element
Type I
Carbon, maxA
Manganese, max:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, maxA
Sulfur, maxA
Silicon:
Heat analysisB
Product analysisC
Nickel:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Type II
0.13
0.90
0.13
0.90
0.98
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.40
0.98
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
8.50–9.50
0.13–0.45
7.50–8.50
8.40–9.60
7.40–8.60
A
Applies to both heat and product analyses.
Silicon may be less than 0.15%, provided total aluminimum is
0.030% or over, or provided acid soluble aluminum is 0.025% or
over.
C
Silicon may be less than 0.13%, provided total aluminimum is
0.030% or over, or provided acid soluble aluminum is 0.025% or
over.
B
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength (0.2% offset), min, ksi
[MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %A
A
100 to 120 [690–825]
85 [585]
20.0
See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustment.
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SA-553/SA-553M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standard supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are
included in Specification A 20 /A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use with
this specification are listed below by title. Other tests may be performed by agreement
between the supplier and the purchaser.
S1.
S2.
S3.
S6.
S8.
Vacuum Treatment,
Product Analysis,
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
Drop Weight Test (for Material 0.625 in.
[16 mm] and over in Thickness),
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 435 /A 435M,
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S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 577 /A 577M,
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 578 /A 578M, and
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-553/SA-553M
ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Also listed below are additional optional Supplementary Requirements S55 and S56, which
are suitable for this specification.
S55.
Longitudinal Charpy Impact Energy
Absorption Requirement
S55.1 The longitudinal Charpy V-notch impact properties shall not be less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J] at the specified
temperature.
S56.
Transverse Charpy Impact Energy Absorption
Requirement
S56.1 The transverse Charpy V-notch impact properties
shall not be less than 20 ft·lbf [27 J] at the specified temperature.
S55.2 Each impact test value shall constitute the average value of three specimens, with not more than one value
below the specified minimum value of 25 ft·lbf [34 J] but
in no case below 20 ft·lbf [27 J] for full size specimens.
S56.2 Each impact test value shall constitute the average value of three specimens, with not more than one value
below the specified minimum value of 20 ft·lbf [27 J] but
in no case below 15 ft·lbf [20 J] for full size specimens.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-556/SA-556M
SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS COLD-DRAWN
CARBON STEEL FEEDWATER HEATER TUBES
SA-556/SA-556M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 556/A 556M-90a (Reapproved 1995)⑀1.]
1.
4.
Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following as required to describe the desired
material adequately:
Scope
1.1 This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness,
seamless cold-drawn carbon steel tubes including bending
into the form of U-tubes, if specified, for use in tubular
feedwater heaters.
5
⁄8
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces).
4.1.2 Name of material (seamless steel tubing).
11⁄4
1.2 The tubing sizes covered shall be to
in. [15.9
to 31.8 mm] outside diameter, inclusive, with minimum
wall thicknesses equal to or greater than 0.045 in. [1.1 mm].
4.1.3 Dimensions (outside diameter and minimum
wall thickness).
4.1.4 Length (specific or random).
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided,
and when desired, shall be stated in the order.
4.1.5 Manufacture (cold drawn).
4.1.6 Grade (chemical composition).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within
the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values
stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore,
each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall
apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is
specified in the order.
2.
4.1.7 Optional requirements.
4.1.8 Bending Requirements — If order specifies
tubes to be bent, the design of the U-tubes shall accompany
the order. Purchaser must specify if stress-relief anneal of
the U-bends is required.
4.1.9 Test report required (see Certification Section
of Specification A 450/A 450M).
4.1.10 Specification number.
4.1.11 Special requirements and any supplementary
requirements selected.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements for
Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
E 30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
3.
General Requirements
5.
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition
of the Specification A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise provided herein.
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Manufacture
5.1 Manufacture — Tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be cold drawn.
5.2 Heat Treatment:
5.2.1 Cold-drawn tubes shall be heat treated after
the final cold-draw pass at a temperature of 1200°F [640°C]
or higher to ensure ductility satisfactory for rolling into
tube sheets and to meet mechanical properties as specified.
5.2.2 If stress-relief anneal of the U-bends is specified, the anneal shall consist of heating the bent portion
within a range of 1100 to 1200°F [585 to 640°C].
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SA-556/SA-556M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to one of the requirements
as to chemical composition as prescribed in Table 1.
6.2 When a grade is ordered under this specification,
supplying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition of any element other than those listed for the ordered
grade in Table 1 is not permitted.
Product Analysis
7.1 When requested in the purchase order, a product
analysis shall be made by the manufacturer or supplier
from one tube or billet per heat.
9.2 Permissible variations from the specified minimum
wall thickness shall not exceed +20% or −0. The wall
thickness of the tube in U-bent section shall be not less
than value determined by:
tf p T(2R)/(2R + D)
where:
tf
T
R
D
7.
7.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests
of two additional tubes or billets shall be made. Both retests
for the elements in question shall meet the requirements
of this specification; otherwise, all remaining material in
the heat or lot (Note) shall be rejected or, at the option of
the producer, each tube may be individually tested for
acceptance. Tubes that do not meet the requirements of
this specification shall be rejected.
p
p
p
p
wall thickness after bending, in. [mm],
specified minimum tube wall thickness, in. [mm],
centerline bend radius, in. [mm], and
nominal outside tube diameter, in. [mm].
9.3 In the case of U-tubes, the length of the tube legs
as measured from the point of tangency of the bend and
the tube leg to the end of the tube leg shall not be less
than specified, but may exceed the specified values by the
amount given in Table 4. The difference in lengths of the
tube legs shall not be greater than 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] unless
otherwise specified.
NOTE — For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot applies
to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall
thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final
heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those
tubes of the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the
same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous
furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat
treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat and
furnace speed.
7.3 For referee purposes, Test Methods E 30 shall be
used.
8.
Mechanical Properties
8.1 Tensile Properties — The material shall conform
to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in
Table 2, when pulled in full section.
8.2 Hardness Requirements — The tubes shall not
exceed the Rockwell Hardness shown in Table 3.
9.
Permissible Variations in Dimensions (Fig. 1)
9.1 Permissible variations from the specified outside
diameter shall not exceed ±0.004 in. [0.10 mm] for tubing
under 1.0 in. [25.4 mm] outside diameter nor ±0.006 in.
[0.15 mm] for tubing 1.0 in. [25.4 mm] to 1.25 in.
[31.7 mm] inclusive. These tolerances do not apply to the
bent portion of the U-tubes. At the bent portion of a Utube for R p 2 ⴛ D or greater neither the major nor minor
diameter of tube shall deviate from nominal by more than
10%. If 11⁄2 D is specified, tolerances could be greater.
9.4 The end of any tube may depart from square by
not more than the amount given in Table 5.
9.5 The leg spacing measured between the points of
tangency of the bend to the legs shall not vary from the
value (2R — specified tube OD) by more than 1⁄16 in.
[1.5 mm] where R is the centerline bend radius.
9.6 The bent portion of the U-tube shall be substantially
uniform in curvature and not exceed ±1⁄16 in. [±1.5 mm] of
the normal centerline radius.
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
10.1 Finished tubes shall be free from scale but may
have a superficial oxide film on the surfaces. A light oxide
scale on the outside and inside surfaces of U-bend shall
be allowed for tubes which have been heat treated.
10.2 Finished tubes shall be reasonably straight and
have smooth ends free from burrs. Tubes shall have a
workmanlike finish and shall be free of surface imperfections that cannot be removed within the allowable wall
tolerances. Removal of surface imperfections such as handling marks, straightening marks, light mandrel and die
marks, shallow pits, and scale pattern will not be required
provided they are within the allowable wall tolerances.
10.3 Finished tubes shall be coated both on the outside
and the inside diameter to prevent corrosion in transit. The
type of coating applied should be mutually agreed upon
and specified in the order.
11. Mechanical Tests Required
11.1 Tension Test — One tension test shall be made on
a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension
1020
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SA-556/SA-556M
tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes for lots
of more than 50 tubes (Note).
11.2 Flattening Test — One flattening test shall be made
on specimens taken from each end of one finished tube,
not the one used for the flaring test, from each lot of not
more than 125 tubes or fraction thereof.
11.3 Flaring Test — One flaring test shall be made on
specimens taken from each end of one finished tube, not
the one used for flattening test, from each lot of not more
than 125 tubes or fraction thereof.
11.4 Hardness Test — Brinell or Rockwell hardness
tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes from
each lot (Note).
11.5 Hydrostatic Test — Each U-tube shall be subjected
to a hydrostatic test, using a noncorrosive fluid, or when
agreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer, they
may be tested at 11⁄2 times the specified design working
pressure.
through a nondestructive tester capable of detecting defects
on the entire cross section of the tube, in accordance with
Specification A 450/A 450M.
12. Nondestructive Test (Electric Test)
12.1 Each tube shall be tested after the finish heat
treatment following the final cold-drawn pass by passing
14.
13.
Packaging and Package Marking
13.1 The tubing shall be packaged or bundled in such
a manner as to prevent damage in ordinary handling and
transportation and identified by a tag with the name of the
manufacturer, purchase order number, specification number and grade, and size.
13.2 In the case of U-tubes, each box shall be palletized
and legibly marked showing the manufacturer’s name, purchase order number, specification number and grade, size,
and identification of items contained.
Keywords
14.1 feedwater heater tubes; seamless steel tube; steel
tube, carbon
FIG. 1 BENT PORTION OF U-TUBE
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SA-556/SA-556M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 4
TUBE LEG LENGTH TOLERANCE
Composition, %
Element
Grade A2
Grade B2
Grade C2
Leg Length, ft [m]
Carbon, max
Manganese
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
Silicon, min
0.18
0.27–0.63
0.035
0.035
...
0.27
0.29–0.93
0.035
0.035
0.10
0.30
0.29–1.06
0.035
0.035
0.10
Up to 20 [6], incl
Over 20 to 30 [6 to 9], incl
Over 30 to 40 [9 to 12.2], incl
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TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
47 [320]
26 [180]
35
60 [410]
37 [260]
30
70 [480]
40 [280]
30
Tolerance,in.
[mm]
5
⁄8 [15.9]
Over 5⁄8 to 11⁄4 [15.9 to 31.7], incl
0.010 [0.25]
0.016 [0.4]
HR B72
HR B79
HR B89
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⁄8 [3.2]
⁄32 [4.0]
3
⁄16 [4.8]
5
Tube OD, in. [mm]
TABLE 3
HARDNESS REQUIREMENTS
Grade A2
Grade B2
Grade C2
1
TABLE 5
SQUARENESS OF ENDS TOLERANCE
Grade A2 Grade B2 Grade C2
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,
min, % (longitudinal)
Plus
Tolerance in.
[mm]
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(10)
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-556/SA-556M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirement or requirements may become a part of the
specification when specified in the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or
contract. These requirements shall not be considered, unless specified in the order, in which
event the necessary tests shall be made by the manufacturer prior to the bending or shipment
of the tubing.
S1.
Nondestructive Ultrasonic Test — Round
Tubing (Commercial Grade)
S1.1 The manufacturer shall test the tubing by an ultrasonic nondestructive test for detection of harmful faults
and soundness.
S1.1.1 Ultrasonic testing shall be performed using
pulse-echo shear wave techniques to locate longitudinal or
circumferential defects, or both.
S1.1.2 Tubes being tested shall be reasonably
straight for proper rotation. The outside and inside diameter
surfaces of the tubes shall be free of dirt, grit, grease, oil,
loose scale, or other materials which tend to attenuate,
scatter, or reflect ultrasonic signals.
S1.1.3 Tubing shall be inspected by feeding spirally
past a suitable transducer with rotation of material to be
toward the transducer.
S1.1.4 Suitable ultrasonic instrumentation shall be
used to clearly distinguish the artificial defects (hereafter
called reference notches) described later. Automatic electronic monitoring of the reflected ultrasonic signals shall
be provided in such manner that any naturally occurring
defects which present an ultrasonic reflection equal to or
greater than the reference standard(s) shall trigger audible
and visible alarms.
S1.1.5 Instrument calibration as described herein
shall be accomplished with the reference standard being
rotated and fed past the transducer at the same approximate
rate at which the tubing under test will be tested.
S1.1.6 The following factors will be adjusted so as
to achieve optimum instrument distinction between the
reference notch(es) and plain portion of tubing when calibrating equipment to the reference standard.
S1.1.6.1 Search unit position shall be such that
shear waves are propagated within the tube being tested.
If both outside and inside diameter reference notches are
used, the optimum angle shall be used which will indicate
both notches as close to equal size as possible.
S1.1.6.2 The test frequency to be used shall be
chosen to yield the best distinction between reference
notches and plain areas of tubing. In general, 2.25 or 5.0
MHz will be used.
S1.1.6.3 Instrument sensitivity shall be adjusted
to allow reference notch or notches to present a pip or pips
on the scope screen at 50% to 70% of instrument saturation
level. The Automatic Defect Monitoring System shall be
adjusted to monitor by means of electronic gates, the portion of the screen where the reference notch is presented.
The sensitivity of the alarm system shall be adjusted to
indicate audibly and visibly when the reference notch is
fed past the search unit.
S1.1.6.4 The recording equipment, if agreed upon,
shall be adjusted to clearly indicate the reference notch or
notches and also whether or not any reflected signals actuate the alarm system.
S1.1.7 A reference standard of an appropriate length
(sufficient to allow in-line feeding) shall be prepared from
a randomly selected tube of the same size, grade, and
physical condition as the material to be tested.
S1.1.8 The reference standard shall contain
machined notches as follows:
Notch to be 10% of wall thickness in depth but not less
than 0.004 in. [0.10 mm]. Tolerance on depth +0.0000 in.
or −0.001 in. [0.03 mm].
S1.1.8.1 Notch Locations and Orientation —
Notches shall be located on outside or inside diameter, or
both, and shall be oriented to lie in a longitudinal direction
for radial inspection or circumferentially, or both, for transverse inspection. The notch or notches shall be located in
the reference tube in such a manner that no physical or
acoustical interference exists between notches or end of
reference tube. These various locations and orientations
will be classified as follows:
Type A — Longitudinal outside diameter for radial
inspection,
Type B — Longitudinal inside diameter for radial
inspection,
Type C — Circumferential outside diameter for transverse
inspection, and
Type D — Circumferential inside diameter for transverse
inspection.
S1.1.8.2 Standard Nomenclature — The size, location and orientation of the reference notches which become
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SA-556/SA-556M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
a part of a particular order covered under this specification
shall be specified.
S1.1.9 The basic procedure will be to rotary feed all
the tubes in the order past the search unit (transducer) with
the feed helix less than the scanning width of the search
unit. As the tubes are fed past the transducer, the alarm
system shall be observed for indications of defects equal
to or greater than the reference standard. Tubes which show
such indications shall be rejected.
S1.1.10 Standard procedure will be to test the material in one direction of helical feed only. Testing in both
directions may be done if so specified by customer.
S1.1.11 Any tubes that do not show indications
above the level determined by the reference standard shall
be held in a lot until the reference standard is run and
instrument calibration is proved by triggering alarm system
on the reference notch or notches. After calibration is
proved to have been correct, this lot of tubes shall be
considered tested and accepted as to maximum defect size
corresponding to the reference standard used.
S1.1.12 Rejected tubing may be salvaged by polishing or other suitable means when practical and retested
after the elimination of the cause of rejection. Such material
that meets the dimensional requirements and does not cause
triggering of ultrasonic alarm system upon retesting shall
be considered as having met the requirements of this supplement.
S2.
Nondestructive Ultrasonic Test — Round
Tubing (Select Commercial Grade)
S2.1 The manufacturer shall test the tubing using the
procedure outlined in Supplementary Requirement S1,
except for the notch depth, which shall be 5% of wall
thickness in depth but not less than 0.004 in. [0.10 mm].
Tolerance on depth shall be +0.000 in. or −0.0005 in.
[0.01 mm].
S3. Nondestructive Eddy-Current Test
S3.1 Each tube shall be tested after the finish heat
treatment following the final cold-draw pass by passing
through an electric nondestructive tester capable of
detecting defects on the entire cross section of the tube.
Suitable instrumentation shall be used to clearly distinguish
artificial defects or reference notches. Tubes to be tested
shall be reasonably straight and the outside and inside
diameter surfaces shall be free of loose scale, metallic
particles, or other material which would tend to restrict
signals or create electrical noise. The tubing shall be
inspected by feeding longitudinally through an inspection
coil or coils of a diameter suitable for the diameter of
tubing to be inspected. The instrument calibration shall be
accomplished with a reference standard prepared from an
appropriate length of selected tubing of the same size,
grade, and physical condition as the material to be
inspected. The standard shall be fed through the coil at
the same speed at which the inspection of the tubing is
performed. The following factors shall be selected or
adjusted, or both, in accordance with the instrument manufacturer’s instructions for the particular instrument
involved as required to achieve optimum instrument distinction between the reference defects and plain portion of
the tube. These as well as other factors involved shall
not be used in such a manner that they detract from the
instrument’s overall ability to detect injurious defects:
S3.1.1 Test frequency.
S3.1.2 Direct-current saturation level.
S3.1.3 Filter networks.
S3.1.4 Phase analysis circuits.
S3.1.5 Coil diameter.
S3.1.6 Instrument gain.
S3.2 The reference standard shall contain longitudinal
and circumferential notches in the outside diameter and
shall be used to establish the rejection level for the tubing
to be tested. Inside diameter notches, both longitudinal
and circumferential, shall also be a part of the reference
standard. These notches may be larger than outside diameter notches and are intended for use only to assure instrument phase settings capable of yielding optimum inside
diameter surface sensitivity. The outside diameter reference notches shall have a depth equal to 10% of the wall
thickness. The tolerance of the notch shall be ±8% or
0.0005 in. [0.01 mm], whichever is the greater. Width of
notch shall not exceed twice the depth. The length of the
reference notches shall not exceed 0.375 in. [9.5 mm].
All tubing including that which may be reconditioned,
provided the dimensional or other properties of the tubing
are not adversely affected and provided the tubing does
not show indications above the level determined by the
outside diameter references, shall meet this specification
provided the instrument calibration is verified by indicating
the standard outside diameter reference notches of a given
lot. Tubes generating a signal above the calibration standard sensitivity level shall be rejected. Tubes may be reconditioned if not adversely affecting the dimensional or other
properties of the tube and so tested as to assure a satisfactory tube within the limits of this specification. All tubing
shall be demagnetized after inspection has been completed.
1024
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-557/SA-557M
SPECIFICATION FOR ELECTRIC-RESISTANCEWELDED CARBON STEEL FEEDWATER HEATER
TUBES
SA-557/SA-557M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 557/A 557M-90a.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness,
electric-resistance-welded, carbon steel tubes including
those bent, if specified, into the form of U-tubes for application in tubular feedwater heaters.
4.
Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material to this specification should
include the following as required to describe the desired
material adequately:
1.2 The tubing sizes covered shall be 1⁄8 to 11⁄4 in.
[15.9 to 31.8 mm] outside diameter, inclusive, and wall
thicknesses equal to or greater than 0.045 in. [1.1 mm].
4.1.2 Name of material (electric-resistance-welded
steel tubing).
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces).
4.1.3 Dimensions (outside diameter and minimum
wall thickness).
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided
and, when desired, shall be stated in the order.
4.1.4 Length (specific or random).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply
unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified
in the order.
4.1.5 Manufacture (hot rolled or cold drawn; coldrolled strip may be used as an alternate to hot-rolled strip).
4.1.6 Grade (Section 7) Table 1.
4.1.7 Optional requirements — If order specifies
bending, a drawing of the U-tubes shall accompany the
order. Purchaser must specify if stress-relief anneal of the
U-bends is required (Product analysis, Section 8).
4.1.8 Test Report required (see Certification Section
of Specification A 450/A 450M).
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements for
Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
E 30 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast Iron,
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
4.1.9 Specification designation.
2.
4.1.10 Special requirements and any supplementary
requirements selected.
General Requirements
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition
of Specification A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise provided
herein.
Manufacture
5.1 Manufacture — Tubes shall be made by electricresistance welding.
3.
5.
5.2 Heat Treatment:
5.2.1 Following welding, tubes shall be normalized
at a temperature of at least 1600°F [860°C] followed by
cooling in air or cooling in the cooling zone of continuous
atmosphere controlled furnace.
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SA-557/SA-557M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
5.2.2 If cold drawn, tubes shall be heated after the
final cold-working operation to a temperature of at least
1200°F [640°C] to ensure ductility satisfactory for rolling
into tube sheets and to meet the specified mechanical properties.
5.2.3 If heat treatment of the U-bends is specified,
such heat treatment shall consist of heating the stressed
portion within a range from 1100 to 1200°F [590 to 640°C].
6.
Surface Condition
6.1 Finished tubes shall be free of scale but may have
a superficial oxide film on the surfaces. A light-oxide scale
on the outside and inside surfaces of U-bend shall be
allowed for tubes which have been heat treated for relief
of stress.
9.2 Hardness Requirements — The tubes shall not
exceed the Rockwell Hardness shown in Table 3.
10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
10.1 Permissible variations from the specified outside
diameter shall be in accordance with the applicable portions
of Specification A 450/A 450M. The height of flash on the
inside of hot-rolled tubes shall be as specified in Specification A 450 / A 450M. Cold-drawn tubes shall have no
dimensional indication of welding flash. Tolerances for
diameter and wall thickness do not apply to the bent portion
of U-tubes. At the bent portion of a U-tube, for R p 2 ⴛ
D, neither the major nor minor diameter of the tube shall
deviate from nominal by more than 10%.
10.2 Permissible variations from the specified minimum wall thickness shall not exceed + 18% − 0 for the
straight tubing. The wall thickness of the U-tube in the
bent section shall be not less than the value determined by:
6.2 Finished tubes shall be coated on both outside and
inside diameter with a thin paraffin oil to prevent corrosion
in transit. Other types of coatings may be applied as mutually agreed upon and specified in the order.
tf p T(2R)/(2R + D)
7.
Chemical Composition
7.1 The steel shall conform to one of the requirements
as to chemical composition as prescribed in Table 1.
where:
tf
T
R
D
7.2 For all tubes, the steel shall be fully killed.
7.3 When a grade is ordered under this specification,
supplying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition of any element other than those listed for the ordered
grade in Table 1 is not permitted.
8.
Product Analysis
8.1 When requested in the purchase order, a product
analysis shall be made by the supplier from one tube or
coil of steel per heat.
8.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests
of two additional lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes, shall
be made. Both retests, for the elements in question shall
meet the requirements of this specification; otherwise all
remaining material in the heat shall be rejected or, at the
option of the producer, each length of flat-rolled stock or
tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Lengths
of flat-rolled stock or tubes which do not meet the requirements of this specification shall be rejected.
p
p
p
p
wall thickness after bending, in. [mm],
specified minimum tube wall thickness, in. [mm],
centerline bend radius, in. [mm], and
nominal outside tube diameter, in. [mm].
10.3 Permissible variations from the specified straight
length shall be in accordance with Specification
A 450/A 450M.
10.4 In the case of U-tubes, the length of the tube legs,
as measured from the point of tangency of the bend and
the tube leg to the end of the tube leg, shall not be less
than specified, but may exceed the specified values by the
amount given in Table 4. The difference in lengths of the
tube legs shall not be greater than 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] unless
otherwise specified.
8.3 For referee purposes, Methods E 30 shall be used.
Mechanical Requirements
9.1 Tensile Properties — The material shall conform
to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in
Table 2.
10.5 The end of any tube may depart from the square
by not more than the amount given in Table 5.
10.6 The leg spacing measured between the points of
tangency of the bend to the legs shall not vary from the
value (2R-specified tube OD) by more than 1⁄16 in. [1.5 mm]
where R is the centerline bend radius.
10.7 The bent portion of the U-tube shall be substantially uniform in curvature and not exceed ± 1⁄16 in.
[±1.5 mm] of the normal centerline radius.
9.
1026
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11. Mechanical Tests Required
11.1 Tension Test — One tension test shall be made on
a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension
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11.6 Hydrostatic Test — Each U-tube shall be subjected
to a hydrostatic test, using a noncorrosive fluid, or when
agreed upon by the purchaser and manufacturer, they may
be tested to 11⁄2 times the specified design pressure.
tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes for lots
of more than 50 tubes (Note 2).
NOTE 1 — For flattening and flange requirements, a lot consists of the
125 tubes.
NOTE 2 — For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and
wall thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When
final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only
those tubes of the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in
the same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous
furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat
treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat and
furnace speed.
11.2 Flattening Test — One flattening test as specified
in Specification A 450/A 450M shall be made on a specimen taken from one tube from each lot (Note 1) or fraction
thereof.
11.3 Flange Test — One flange test as specified in
Specification A 450/A 450M shall be made on a specimen
from one tube from each lot (Note 2) or fraction thereof.
For Grades B and C, the width of the flange shall not be less
than 75% of that specified in Specification A 450/A 450M.
11.4 Reverse Flattening Test — One reverse flattening
test shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft [460 m]
of finished tubing.
11.5 Hardness Test — Brinell or Rockwell hardness
tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes from
each lot (Note 2). Method of testing and restrictions on
wall thickness shall be in accordance with Specification
A 450/A 450M.
11.7 Methods of mechanical testing, test specimens,
retests and retreatment shall be in accordance with Specification A 450/A 450M.
12. Nondestructive Test (Electric Test)
12.1 Each tube shall be tested after the final heat treatment in accordance with the requirements of the nondestructive electric test in Specification A 450/A 450M.
13. Product Marking
13.1 Marking shall be in accordance with Specification
A 450/A 450M. Symbols stamped or rolled into the tube
surface are not permissible.
14. Packaging
14.1 The manufacturer at his option will box, crate,
carton, or package in secured lifts, or bundle to ensure
safe delivery. Special packaging requiring extra operations
other than those normally used by the manufacturer must
be specified on the order.
14.2 In case of U-tubes, each box shall be palletized and
legibly marked with purchase order number, specification
number, size, name of manufacturer, and identification of
items contained.
FIG. 1 BENT PORTION OF U-TUBE
1027
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SA-557/SA-557M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
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TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 4
TUBE LEG LENGTH TOLERANCE
Composition, %
Element
Grade A2
Grade B2
Grade C2
Leg Length, ft [m]
Carbon, max
Manganese
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
0.18
0.27–0.63
0.035
0.035
0.30
0.27–0.93
0.035
0.035
0.35
0.27–1.06
0.035
0.035
Up to 20 [6], incl
Over 20 to 30 [6 to 9], incl
Over 30 to 40 [9 to 12.2], incl
Grade A2
Grade B2
Grade
C2
47 [325]
26 [180]
35
60 [415]
37 [255]
30
70 [485]
40 [275]
30
Tolerance in.
[mm]
5
⁄8 [15.9]
Over 5⁄8 to 11⁄4 [15.9 to 31.7], incl
0.010 [0.25]
0.016 [0.4]
HRB 72
HRB 79
HRB 89
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⁄8 [3.2]
⁄32 [4.0]
3
⁄16 [4.8]
5
Tube OD, in. [mm]
TABLE 3
HARDNESS REQUIREMENTS
Grade A
Grade B
Grade C
1
TABLE 5
SQUARENESS OF ENDS TOLERANCE
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,
min, % (longitudinal)
Plus
Tolerance, in.
[mm]
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-557/SA-557M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirement or requirements may become a part of the
specification when specified in the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or
contract. These requirements shall not be considered unless specified in the order, in which
event the necessary tests shall be made by the manufacturer prior to the bending or shipment
of the tubing.
S1.
Nondestructive Ultrasonic Test-Round Tubing
(Commercial Grade)
S1.1 The manufacturer shall test the tubing by an ultrasonic nondestructive test for detection of harmful faults.
S1.1.1 Ultrasonic testing shall be performed using
pulse-echo shear-wave techniques to locate longitudinal or
circumferential defects, or both.
S1.1.2 Tubes being tested shall be reasonably
straight for proper rotation. The outside and inside diameter
surfaces of the tubes shall be free of dirt, grit, grease, oil,
loose scale, or other materials which tend to attenuate,
scatter, or reflect ultrasonic signals.
S1.1.3 Tubing shall be inspected by feeding spirally
past a suitable transducer with rotation of material to be
toward transducer.
S1.1.4 Suitable ultrasonic instrumentation shall be
used to clearly distinguish the artificial defects (hereafter
called “reference notches”) described later. Automatic
electronic monitoring of the reflected ultrasonic signals
shall be provided in such manner that any naturally
occurring defects which present an ultrasonic reflection
equal to or greater than the reference standard(s) shall
trigger audible and visible alarms.
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S1.1.5 Instrument calibration as described herein
shall be accomplished with the reference standard being
rotated and fed past the transducer at the same approximate
rate as the tubing to be tested.
S1.1.6 The following factors shall be adjusted so as
to achieve optimum instrument distinction between the
reference notch(es) and plain portion of tubing when calibrating equipment to the reference standard.
S1.1.6.1 Search unit position shall be such that
shear waves are propagated within the tube being tested.
If both outside and inside diameter reference notches are
used, the optimum angle shall be used which will indicate
both notches as close to equal size as possible.
S1.1.6.2 The test frequency to be used shall be
chosen to yield the best distinction between reference
notches and plain areas of tubing. In general, 2.25 or 5.0
MH will be used.
S1.1.6.3 Instrument sensitivity shall be adjusted
to allow reference notch or notches to present a pip or pips
on the scope screen at 50 to 70% of instrument saturation
level. The automatic defect monitoring system shall be
adjusted to monitor, by means of electronic gates, the portion of the screen where the reference notch is presented.
The sensitivity of the alarm system shall be adjusted to
indicate audibly and visibly when the reference notch is
fed past the search unit.
S1.1.6.4 The recording equipment, if agreed upon,
shall be adjusted to clearly indicate the reference notch or
notches and also whether or not any reflected signals actuate the alarm system.
S1.1.7 A reference standard of an appropriate length
(sufficient to allow in-line feeding) shall be prepared from
a randomly selected tube of the same size, grade, and
physical condition as the material to be tested.
S1.1.8 The reference standard shall contain
machined notches as follows: Notch to be 10% of wall
thickness in depth but not less than 0.004 in. [0.10 mm].
Tolerance on depth shall be +0.0000 or −0.001 in.
[0.03 mm].
S1.1.8.1 Notch Locations and Orientation —
Notches shall be located on outside or inside diameter, or
both, and shall be oriented to lie in a longitudinal direction
for “radial” inspection or circumferentially for “transverse”
inspection, or both. The notch or notches shall be located
in the reference tube in such a manner that no physical or
acoustical interference exists between notches or end of
reference tube. These various locations and orientations
will be classified as follows:
Type A — Longitudinal outside diameter for radial
inspection,
Type B — Longitudinal inside diameter for radial
inspection,
Type C — Circumferential outside diameter for transverse
inspection, and
Type D — Circumferential inside diameter for transverse
inspection.
S1.1.8.2 Standard Nomenclature — The size, location, and orientation of the reference notches which become
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
a part of a particular order covered under this specification
shall be specified.
S1.1.9 The basic procedure will be to rotary feed all
the tubes on the order past the search unit (transducer)
with the feed helix less than the scanning width of the
search unit. As the tubes are fed past the transducer, the
alarm system shall be observed for indications of defects
equal to or greater than the reference standard. Tubes that
show such indication shall be rejected.
S1.1.10 Standard procedure will be to test the material in one direction of helical feed only. Testing in both
directions may be done if so specified by customer.
S1.1.11 Any tubes that do not show indications
above the level determined by the reference standard shall
be held in a lot until the reference standard is run and
instrument calibration is proved by triggering the alarm
system on the reference notch or notches. After calibration
is proved to have been correct, this lot of tubes shall be
considered tested and accepted as to maximum defect size
corresponding to the reference standard used.
S1.1.12 Rejected tubing may be salvaged by polishing or other suitable means when practical and retested
after the elimination of the cause of rejection. Such material
that meets the dimensional requirements and does not cause
triggering of the ultrasonic alarm system upon retesting
shall be considered as having met the requirements of this
supplement.
S2.
Nondestructive Ultrasonic Test-Round Tubing
(Select Commercial Grade)
S2.1 The manufacturer shall test the tubing using the
procedure outlined in Supplementary Requirement S1,
except for the notch depth. The notch shall be 5% of wall
thickness in depth but not less than 0.004 in. [0.10 mm].
Tolerance on depth shall be +0.000, −0.005 in. [0.01 mm].
S3.
Nondestructive Test (Eddy-Current Test)
S3.1 Each tube shall be tested after the finish heat
treatment by passing through an electric nondestructive
tester capable of detecting defects on the entire cross section of the tube. Suitable instrumentation shall be used to
clearly distinguish artificial defects or reference notches.
Tubes to be tested shall be reasonably straight and the
outside and inside diameter surfaces shall be free of loose
scale, metallic particles, or other material which would
tend to restrict signals or create electrical noise. The tubing
shall be inspected by feeding longitudinally through an
inspection coil of a diameter suitable for the diameter of
tubing to be inspected. The instrument calibration shall be
accomplished with a reference standard prepared from an
appropriate length of selected tubing of the same size,
grade, and physical condition as the material to be
inspected. The standard shall be fed through the coil at
the same speed at which the inspection of the tubing is
performed.
S3.1.1 The following factors will be selected or
adjusted, or both, in accordance with the instrument manufacturer’s instructions for the particular instrument
involved as required to achieve optimum instrument distinction between the reference defects and plain portion of
the tube. These as well as other factors involved shall
not be used in such a manner that they detract from the
instrument’s overall ability to detect injurious defects:
S3.1.1.1 Test frequency.
S3.1.1.2 Direct-current saturation level.
S3.1.1.3 Filter networks.
S3.1.1.4 Phase analysis circuits.
S3.1.1.5 Coil diameter.
S3.1.1.6 Instrument gain.
S3.1.2 The reference standard shall contain longitudinal and circumferential notches in the outside diameter
and shall be used to establish rejection level for the tubing
to be tested. Inside diameter notches, both longitudinal
and circumferential, shall also be a part of the reference
standard. These notches may be larger than outside diameter notches and are intended for use only to assure instrument phase settings capable of yielding optimum inside
diameter surface sensitivity. The outside diameter reference notches shall have a depth equal to 10% of the wall
thickness. The tolerance of the notch shall be ±8% or
0.0005 in. [0.01 mm], whichever is the greater. Width of
notch shall not exceed twice the depth. The length of the
reference notches shall not exceed 0.375 in. [9.5 mm].
All tubing including that which may be reconditioned,
provided the dimensional or other properties of the tubing
are not adversely affected, and provided the tubing does
not show indications above the level determined by the
outside diameter references, shall meet this specification.
This is contingent upon the instrument calibration being
verified by indicating the standard outside diameter reference notches of a given lot. Tubes generating a signal
above the calibration standard sensitivity level shall be
rejected. Tubes may be reconditioned if not adversely
affecting the dimensional or other properties of the tube
and so tested as to assure a satisfactory tube within the
limits of this specification. All tubing shall be demagnetized after inspection has been completed.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-562/SA-562M
SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES,
CARBON STEEL, MANGANESE-TITANIUM FOR GLASS
OR DIFFUSED METALLIC COATINGS
SA-562/SA-562M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 562/A 562M-06.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers titanium-bearing carbon
steel plates intended for welded glass lined pressure vessels
or other applications where the presence of free-iron carbide would be deleterious to the coating. A minimum specific ratio of titanium to carbon is specified.
1.2 The maximum thickness of plates is limited to 2 in.
[50 mm].
when additional control, testing, or examination is required
to meet end use requirements. These include:
3.3.1 Vacuum treatment,
3.3.2 Additional or special tension testing,
3.3.3 Impact testing, and
3.3.4 Nondestructive examination.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to the detailed
requirements in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 20 /A 20M,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 20 /A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
4.
5.
General Requirements and Ordering
Information
3.1 Material supplied to this material specification shall
conform to Specification A 20 /A 20M. These requirements
outline the testing and retesting methods and procedures,
permissible variations in dimensions, and mass, quality
and repair of defects, marking, loading, etc.
Heat Treatment
5.1 Plates shall be thermally treated to produce grain
refinement, either by normalizing or heating uniformly for
hot forming at a minimum temperature of 1600°F [870°C]
or some higher agreed temperature, and held at this temperature for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness.
3.
6.
Chemical Requirements
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A 20 /A 20M.
3.2 Specification A 20 /A 20M also establishes the rules
for the ordering information which should be complied
with when purchasing material to this specification.
7.
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Tension Test Requirements — The material as represented by the tension-test specimens shall conform to the
requirements shown in Table 2.
3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
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Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice — The steel shall be killed.
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SA-562/SA-562M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Element
Composition, %
A
Carbon, max
Manganese, max
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, maxA
Sulfur, maxA
SiliconA
Copper, maxA
Titanium, min
A
0.12
1.20
1.30
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.50
0.15
4ⴛC
Applies to both heat and product analyses.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
ksi [MPa]
Tensile strength
Yield strength, min
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm] min, %A
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] min, %A
A
See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustments.
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55–75 [380–515]
30 [205]
22
26
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-562/SA-562M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.
A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser
are included in Specification A 20 /A 20M. Those which are considered suitable for use
with this specification are listed below by title.
S1.
Vacuum Treatment,
S2.
Product Analysis,
S3.
Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of
Mechanical Test Coupons,
S4.
Additional Tension Test,
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test,
S6.
S7.
S8.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 435 /A 435M,
S9.
Magnetic Particle Examination,
S11.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 577 /A 577M,
Drop Weight Test (for Material 0.625 in.
[16 mm] and over in Thickness),
S12.
Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Specification A 578 /A 578M, and
High-temperature Tension Test,
S17.
Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steel.
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-563
SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON AND ALLOY
STEEL NUTS
SA-563
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 563-07a except for deletion of the term “private label distributor” in para. 14.7 and 14.9 and editorially
correct title.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers chemical and mechanical
requirements for eight grades of carbon and alloy steel
nuts for general structural and mechanical uses on bolts,
studs, and other externally threaded parts.
NOTE 1 — See Appendix X1 for guidance on suitable application of
nut grades.
A 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs,
60 000 psi Tensile Strength
A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
A 354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy
Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
A 394 Specification for Steel Transmission Tower Bolts,
Zinc-Coated and Bare
A 449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,
Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile
Strength, General Use
A 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat
Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
A 588 / A 588M Specification for High-Strength LowAlloy Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum
Yield Point, with Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
A 687 Specification for High-Strength Nonheaded Steel
Bolts and Studs
A 709 / A 709M Specification for Structural Steel for
Bridges
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically
Deposited on Iron and Steel
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F 812/F 812M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of
Nuts, Inch and Metric Series
F 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
F 2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,
Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners
G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion
Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels
1.2 The requirements for any grade of nut may, at the
supplier’s option, and with notice to the purchaser, be
fulfilled by furnishing nuts of one of the stronger grades
specified herein unless such substitution is barred in the
inquiry and purchase order.
1.3 Grades C3 and DH3 nuts have atmospheric corrosion resistance and weathering characteristics comparable
to that of the steels covered in Specifications
A 242/A 242M, A 588/A 588M, and A 709/A 709M. The
atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is substantially better than that of carbon steel with or without copper
addition (see 5.2). When properly exposed to the atmosphere, these steels can be used bare (uncoated) for many
applications.
NOTE 2 — A complete metric companion to Specification A 563 has
been developed–A 563M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented
in this specification.
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F 1789 unless otherwise defined herein.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature
Service, or Both
A 242 / A 242M Specification for High-Strength LowAlloy Structural Steel
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2.2 ANSI Standards:
ANSI B1.1 Unified Screw Threads
ANSI B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts
4.7 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically
Deposited:
4.7.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are required, the
purchaser shall specify the zinc coating process, for example, hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or no preference.
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for nuts under this specification shall include
the following:
4.7.2 When hot-dip is specified, the fasteners shall
be zinc-coated by the hot-dip process in accordance with
the requirements of Specification F 2329.
3.1.1 Quantity (number of nuts),
4.7.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the
fasteners shall be zinc coated by the mechanical deposition
process in accordance with the requirements of Class 55
of Specification B 695.
3.1.2 Nominal size and thread series of nuts,
3.1.3 Style of nut (for example, heavy hex),
3.1.4 Grade of nut,
4.7.4 When no preference is specified, the supplier
may furnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance
with Specification F 2329, or a mechanically deposited zinc
coating in accordance with Specification B 695, Class 55.
Threaded components (bolts and nuts) shall be coated by
the same zinc-coating process and the supplier’s option is
limited to one process per item with no mixed processes
in a lot.
3.1.5 Zinc Coating — Specify the zinc-coating process required, for example, hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or no preference (see 4.7),
3.1.6 Other Finishes — Specify other protective finish if required,
3.1.7 ASTM designation and year of issue, and
3.1.8 Supplementary or special requirements.
4.7.5 Hot-dip zinc-coated nuts shall be tapped after
zinc coating.
NOTE 3 — An example of an ordering description follows: 1000 7⁄8-9
heavy hex nuts, Grade DH, hot-dip zinc-coated, and lubricated, ASTM
A 563-XX.
4.
4.7.6 Mechanically deposited zinc-coated nuts for
assembly with mechanically deposited zinc-coated bolts
shall be tapped oversize prior to zinc coating and need not
be retapped afterwards.
4.2 Nuts may be made cold or hot by forming, pressing,
or punching or may be machined from bar stock.
4.8 Lubricant:
4.8.1 Hot-dip and mechanically deposited zinccoated Grade DH nuts shall be provided with an additional
lubricant which shall be clean and dry to the touch (see
Supplementary Requirement S1 to specify lubrication
requirements for plain finish nuts).
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Steel for nuts shall be made by the open-hearth,
basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process except that steel
for Grades O, A, and B nuts may be made by the acidbessemer process.
4.3 Grades DH and DH3 nuts shall be heat treated by
quenching in a liquid medium from a temperature above
the transformation temperature and tempering at a temperature of at least 800°F.
4.8.2 See Supplementary Requirement S2 for option
to specify a dye in the lubricant.
4.4 Grades C and D nuts made of steel having carbon
content not exceeding 0.20%, phosphorus not exceeding
0.04%, and sulfur not exceeding 0.05% by heat analysis
may be heat treated by quenching in a liquid medium from
a temperature above the transformation temperature and
need not be tempered. When this heat treatment is used,
there shall be particular attention to the requirements in
6.1.1.
5.
4.5 Grades C, C3, and D nuts made of any steel permitted for these grades may be heat treated by quenching in
a liquid medium from a temperature above the transformation temperature and tempering at a temperature of at least
800°F.
5.3 Resulfurized or rephosphorized steel, or both, are
not subject to rejection based on product analysis for sulfur
or phosphorus.
4.6 Threads shall be formed by tapping or machining.
Chemical Composition
5.1 Grades O, A, B, C, D, and DH shall conform to
the chemical composition specified in Table 1.
5.2 Grades C3 and DH3 shall conform to the chemical
composition specified in Table 2. See Guide G 101 for
methods of estimating the atmospheric corrosion resistance
of low alloy steels.
5.4 Application of heats of steel to which bismuth,
selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added
shall not be permitted for Grades D, DH, and DH3.
1036
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5.5 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
A 751.
6.
Mechanical Properties
6.1 Hardness:
6.1.1 The hardness of nuts of each grade shall not
exceed the maximum hardness specified for the grade in
Table 3.
6.1.2 Jam nuts, slotted nuts, nuts smaller in width
across flats or thickness than standard hex nuts (7.1), and
nuts that would require a proof load in excess of 160 000 lbf
may be furnished on the basis of minimum hardness
requirements specified for the grade in Table 3, unless proof
load testing is specified in the inquiry and purchase order.
7.5 Threads: Nuts With Other Coatings
7.5.1 Nuts to be used on bolts mechanically zinc
coated or on bolts hot-dip zinc-coated to a specification
other than Specification F 2329, or otherwise hot-dip
coated, shall be tapped oversize by a diametral amount
sufficient to permit assembly on the coated bolt thread,
unless other requirements are specified in the inquiry or
purchase order.
7.5.2 When specifically permitted by the purchaser,
nuts for bolts with electrodeposited coating, such as cadmium, zinc, and so forth, or with chemically applied coating may be tapped oversize by a diametral amount sufficient
to permit assembly on the coated bolt thread.
7.5.3 The allowable oversize tapping shall not
exceed that specified in Table 5.
6.2 Proof Load:
6.2.1 Nuts of each grade, except those listed in 6.1.2,
shall withstand the proof load stress specified for the grade,
size, style, thread series, and surface finish of the nut in
Table 3 and Table 4.
8.
6.2.2 Nuts hot dip or mechanically zinc coated in
accordance with 4.7.2 or 4.7.3 shall be proof load tested
after zinc coating and overtapping.
9.
7.
Dimensions
7.1 Unless otherwise specified, nuts shall be plain
(uncoated) and shall conform to the dimensions prescribed
in ANSI B18.2.2.
11⁄2
7.2 Hex and hex-slotted nuts over
to 2 in. inclusive
shall have dimensions conforming to ANSI B18.2.2 calculated using the formulas for the 11⁄4 through 11⁄2 in. size
range in Appendix III (Formulas for Nut Dimensions) of
ANSI B18.2.2.
Workmanship
8.1 Surface discontinuity limits shall be in accordance
with Specification F 812/F 812M.
Number of Tests
9.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met
in continuous mass production for stock, and the manufacturer shall make sample inspections to ensure that the product conforms to the specified requirements. Additional tests
of individual shipments of material are not ordinarily contemplated. Individual heats of steel are not identified in
the finished product.
9.2 When additional tests are specified in the inquiry
and purchase order, a lot, for purposes of selecting test
samples, shall consist of all material offered for inspection
at one time that has the following common characteristics:
9.2.1 Grade,
9.2.2 Nominal size,
9.2.3 Style of nut,
7.3 Threads: Plain (Uncoated) Nuts
7.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, the threads shall
conform to the dimensions for coarse threads with Class 2B
tolerances prescribed in ANSI B1.1.
7.4 Threads: Nuts Hot Dip Zinc Coated Specification
F 2329 (4.7.2)
7.4.1 Nuts to be used on bolts with Class 2A threads
before hot-dip zinc coating, and then hot-dip zinc coated
in accordance with Specification F 2329, shall be tapped
oversize after coating, to the minimum and maximum
thread dimensions in Table 5. The major and minor diameters shall also be increased by the allowance to provide the
corresponding minimum and maximum major and minor
diameters.
9.2.4 Thread series and class, and
9.2.5 Surface finish.
9.3 Unless otherwise specified in the inquiry and purchase order, the number of tests for each lot of required
property shall be as follows:
Number of Nuts in Lot
Number of Specimens
800 and under
801 to 8 000
8 001 to 22 000
Over 22 000
1
2
3
5
9.4 If any test specimen shows flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen substituted.
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SA-563
2010 SECTION II, PART A
9.5 Should any specimen fail to meet the requirements
of any specified test, double the number of specimens from
the same lot shall be tested for this property, in which case
all of the additional specimens shall meet the specifications.
14.4 Nuts made to the requirements of Grade D shall
be marked with the grade symbol, D (Note 4) on one face.
14.5 Nuts made to the requirements of Grade DH shall
be marked with the grade symbol, DH (Note 4) on one face.
14.6 Heavy hex nuts made to the requirements of
Grade DH3 shall be marked with the grade symbol DH3
on one face. Hex nuts made to the requirements of DH3
shall be marked with the symbol HX3 on one face. In
addition, the manufacturer may add other distinguishing
marks indicating that the nut is atmospheric corrosion resistant and of a weathering type.
10. Test Methods
10.1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test
Methods F 606.
11. Report
11.1 When specified in the order, the manufacturer
shall furnish a test report certified to be the last completed
set of mechanical tests for each stock size in each shipment.
14.7 In addition, nuts of Grades C, C3, D, DH, and
DH3 and hex nuts made to the requirements of DH3, shall
be marked with a symbol to identify the manufacturer.
14.8 Marks may be raised or depressed at the option
of the manufacturer. However, if markings are located on
the bearing surface, they shall be depressed.
12. Inspection
12.1 If the inspection described in 12.2 is required by
the purchaser, it shall be specified in the inquiry and contract or order.
12.2 The inspector representing the purchaser shall
have free entry to all parts of the manufacturer’s works
that concern the manufacture of the material ordered. The
manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in
accordance with this specification. All tests and inspections
required by the specification that are requested by the purchaser’s representative shall be made before shipment, and
shall be conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with
the operation of the works.
13. Rejection and Rehearing
13.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements
of this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be
reported to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test,
the producer or supplier may make claim for a rehearing.
14. Product Marking
14.1 Nuts made to the requirements of Grades O, A,
and B are not required to be marked unless individual
marking is specified in the inquiry and order. When individual marking is required, the mark shall be the grade letter
symbol on one face of the nut.
14.2 Heavy hex nuts made to the requirements of
Grade C (Note 4) shall be marked on one face with three
circumferential marks 120° apart.
14.3 Heavy hex nuts made to the requirements of
Grade C3 shall be marked on one face with three circumferential marks 120° apart and the numeral 3. In addition, the
manufacturer may add other distinguishing marks indicating that the nut is atmospheric corrosion resistant and of
a weathering type.
14.9 Grade and manufacturer’s identification shall be
separate and distinct. The two identifications shall preferably be in different locations and, when on the same level,
shall be separated by at least two spaces.
NOTE 4 — See Table 3 for marking of equivalent nuts made in accordance
with requirements of Specification A 194/A 194M.
15. Packaging and Package Marking
15.1 Packaging:
15.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, packaging shall
be in accordance with Practice D 3951.
15.1.2 When special packaging requirements are
required, they shall be defined at the time of the inquiry
and order.
15.2 Package Marking:
15.2.1 Each shipping unit shall include or be plainly
marked with the following information:
15.2.1.1 ASTM designation and grade,
15.2.1.2 Size,
15.2.1.3 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer,
15.2.1.4 Number of pieces,
15.2.1.5 Purchase order number, and
15.2.1.6 Country of origin.
16. Responsibility
16.1 The party responsible for the fastener shall be the
organization that supplies the fastener to the purchaser.
17. Keywords
17.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; nuts; steel; weathering
steel
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-563
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADES O, A, B, C,
D, AND DH NUTS
Composition, %
Grade of
Nut
Analysis
Carbon
O, A, B, C heat
product
D (C)
heat
product
heat
DH (C)
product
0.55 max
0.58 max
0.55 max
0.58 max
0.20–0.55
0.18–0.58
Manganese, Phosphorus, Sulfur,
min
max
max
...
...
0.30
0.27
0.60
0.57
0.12
0.13 (B)
0.04
0.048
0.04
0.048
0.15(A)
...
0.05
0.058
0.05
0.058
NOTES:
(A) For Grades O, A, and B a sulfur content of 0.23% max is acceptable
with the purchasers approval.
(B) Acid bessemer steel only.
(C) For Grades D and DH a sulfur content of 0.05 – 0.15% is acceptable
provided the manganese is 1.35% min.
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SA-563
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADES C3 AND DH3 NUTS
Composition, %
Classes for Grade C3 Nuts (A)
Element
Carbon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Manganese:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Sulfur:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Copper:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Nickel:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Chromium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Vanadium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Molybdenum:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Titanium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
N
A
B
C
D
E
F
Grade DH3
Nuts
...
...
0.33–0.40
0.31–0.42
0.38–0.48
0.36–0.50
0.15–0.25
0.14–0.26
0.15–0.25
0.14–0.26
0.20–0.25
0.18–0.27
0.20–0.25
0.19–0.26
0.20–0.53
0.19–0.55
...
...
0.90–1.20
0.86–1.24
0.70–0.90
0.67–0.93
0.80–1.35
0.76–1.39
0.40–1.20
0.36–1.24
0.60–1.00
0.56–1.04
0.90–1.20
0.86–1.24
0.40 min
0.37 min
0.07–0.15
0.07–0.155
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.06–0.12
0.06–0.125
0.035 max
0.040 max
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.046 max
0.052 max
0.050 max
0.055 max
0.050 max
0.055 max
0.050 max
0.055 max
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.050 max
0.055 max
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.040 max
0.045 max
0.050 max
0.055 max
0.20–0.90
0.15–0.95
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.30–0.50
0.25–0.55
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.25–0.50
0.20–0.55
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
...
...
0.25–0.55
0.22–0.58
0.25–0.45
0.22–0.48
0.20–0.40
0.17–0.43
0.20–0.50
0.17–0.53
0.30–0.50
0.27–0.53
0.30–0.60
0.27–0.63
0.20–0.40
0.17–0.43
0.20 min
0.17 min
1.00 max
1.03 max
0.25–0.45
0.22–0.48
0.50–0.80
0.47–0.83
0.25–0.50
0.22–0.53
0.50–0.80
0.47–0.83
0.30–0.60
0.27–0.63
0.20–0.40
0.17–0.43
0.20 min (B)
0.17 min
0.30–1.25
0.25–1.30
0.45–0.65
0.42–0.68
0.50–0.75
0.47–0.83
0.30–0.50
0.27–0.53
0.50–1.00
0.45–1.05
0.60–0.90
0.55–0.95
0.45–0.65
0.42–0.68
0.45 min
0.42 min
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.06 max
0.07 max
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.020 min
0.010 min
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.10 max
0.11 max
...
...
...
...
0.15 min (B)
0.14 min
...
...
0.05 max
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
NOTES:
(A) C3 nuts may be made of any of the above listed material classes. Selection of the class shall be at the option of the manufacturer.
(B) Nickel or molybdenum may be used.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-563
TABLE 3
MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS
Nuts With UNC, 8 UN, 6 UN and Coarser Pitch Threads
Hardness
Proof Load Stress, ksi (A)
Grade of Nut
Nominal Nut
Size, in.
1
Style of
Nut
Zinc-Coated
Nuts (B)
min
max
min
max
69
90
52
68
103
116
302
302
B55
B68
C32
C32
69
90
120
105
135
150
150
52
68
90
79
135
150
150
103
116
121
121
159
248
248
302
302
302
302
352
352
352
B55
B68
B69
B69
B84
C24
C24
C32
C32
C32
C32
C38
C38
C38
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
100
133
116
144
144
150
175
175
75
100
87
144
144
150
150
150
116
121
121
143
143
159
248
248
302
302
302
352
352
352
352
352
B68
B69
B69
B78
B78
B84
C24
C24
C32
C32
C32
C38
C38
C38
C38
C38
thick
thick
thick
thick
thick
100
133
116
150
175
75
100
87
150
175
116
121
121
159
248
302
302
302
352
352
B68
B69
B69
B84
C24
C32
C32
C32
C38
C38
O
A
O
A
B
B
D (C)
DH (D)
DH3
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 1
11⁄8 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄2 to 1
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
A
B
B
C (C)
C3
D (C)
DH (D)
DH3
1
⁄4 to 4
⁄4 to 1
11⁄8 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 4
1
⁄4 to 4
1
⁄4 to 4
1
⁄4 to 4
1
⁄4 to 4
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
A
B
B
D (C)
DH (D)
1
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
O
A
B
B
D (C)
DH (D)
1
⁄4 to 1 ⁄2
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 1
11⁄8 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
A
B
B
D (C)
DH (D)
1
⁄4 to 4
⁄4 to 1
11⁄8 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 4
1
⁄4 to 4
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
heavy
A
B
B
D (C)
DH (D)
1
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
⁄4 to 1 ⁄2
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
11⁄4 to 1
11⁄8 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
Rockwell
Non-Zinc-Coated
Nuts (B)
1
1
Brinell
square
square
Nuts with UNF, 12 UN, and Finer Pitch Threads
1
1
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
⁄4 to 1
11⁄8 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
1
65
80
109
94
135
150
49
60
82
70
135
150
103
116
121
121
159
248
302
302
302
302
352
352
B55
B68
B69
B69
B84
C24
C32
C32
C32
C32
C38
C38
hex
hex
hex
hex
hex
90
120
105
150
175
68
90
79
150
150
116
121
121
159
248
302
302
302
352
352
B68
B69
B69
B84
C24
C32
C32
C32
C38
C38
thick
thick
thick
thick
thick
90
120
105
150
175
68
90
79
150
175
116
121
121
159
248
302
302
302
352
352
B68
B69
B69
B84
C24
C32
C32
C32
C38
C38
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
NOTES:
(A) To determine nut proof load in pounds, multiply the appropriate nut proof load stress by the tensile stress area of the thread. Stress areas
for UNC, UNF, and 8 UN thread series are given in Table 4.
(B) Non-zinc-coated nuts are nuts intended for use with externally threaded fasteners which have a plain (nonplated or noncoated) finish or have
a plating or coating of insufficient thickness to necessitate overtapping the nut thread to provide assemblability. Zinc-coated nuts are nuts
intended for use with externally threaded fasteners which are hot-dip zinc-coated, mechanically zinc-coated, or have a plating or coating of
sufficient thickness to necessitate overtapping the nut thread to provide assemblability.
(C) Nuts made in accordance to the requirements of Specification A 194/A 194M, Grade 2 or Grade 2H, and marked with their grade symbol
are acceptable equivalents for Grades C and D nuts. When A 194 zinc-coated inch series nuts are supplied, the zinc coating, overtapping,
lubrication and rotational capacity testing shall be in accordance with Specification A 563.
(D) Nuts made in accordance with the requirements of Specification A 194/A 194M, Grade 2H, and marked with its grade symbol are an acceptable
equivalent for Grade DH nuts. When A 194 zinc-coated inch series nuts are supplied, the zinc coating, overtapping, lubrication and rotational
capacity testing shall be in accordance with Specification A 563.
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SA-563
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 5
THREAD DIMENSIONS AND OVERTAPPING
ALLOWANCES FOR NUTS HOT DIP ZINC COATED PER
SPECIFICATION F 2329
TABLE 4
TENSILE STRESS AREAS
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
UNC
UNF
8 UN
Size–
SizeSize–
Threads Tensile Stress Threads Tensile Stress Threads Tensile Stress
per Inch Area, As in.2 per Inch Area As in.2 per Inch Area, As in.2
1
⁄4–20
5
⁄16–18
3
⁄8–16
7
⁄16–14
1
⁄2–13
9
⁄16–12
5
⁄8–11
3
⁄4–10
7
⁄8–9
1–8
11⁄8–7
11⁄4–7
13⁄8–6
11⁄2–6
13⁄4–5
2–41⁄2
21⁄4–41⁄2
21⁄2–4
23⁄4–4
3–4
31⁄4–4
31⁄2–4
33⁄4–4
4–4
0.0318
0.0524
0.0775
0.1063
0.1419
0.182
0.226
0.334
0.462
0.606
0.763
0.969
1.155
1.405
1.90
2.50
3.25
4.00
4.93
5.97
7.10
8.33
9.66
11.08
1
⁄4–28
5
⁄16–24
3
⁄8–24
7
⁄16–20
1
⁄2–20
9
⁄16–18
5
⁄8–18
3
⁄4–16
7
⁄8–14
1–12
11⁄8–12
11⁄4–12
13⁄8–12
11⁄2–12
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.0364
0.0580
0.0878
0.1187
0.1599
0.203
0.256
0.373
0.509
0.663
0.856
1.073
1.315
1.581
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1–8
11⁄8–8
11⁄4–8
13⁄8–8
11⁄2–8
13⁄4–8
2–8
21⁄4–8
21⁄2–8
23⁄4–8
3–8
31⁄4–8
31⁄2–8
33⁄4–8
4–8
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.606
0.790
1.000
1.233
1.492
2.08
2.77
3.56
4.44
5.43
6.51
7.69
8.96
10.34
11.81
Nominal Nut
Size, in. and
Pitch
0.250-20
0.312-18
0.375-16
0.437-14
0.500-13
0.562-12
0.625-11
0.750-10
0.875-9
1.000-8
1.125-8
1.125-7
1.250-8
1.250-7
1.375-8
1.375-6
1.500-8
1.500-6
1.750-5
2.000-4.5
2.250-4.5
2.500-4
2.750-4
3.000-4
3.250-4
3.500-4
3.750-4
3.750-4
4.000-4
GENERAL NOTE: As The stress area is calculated as follows:
冤
As p 0.7854 D −
where:
As p stress area, in.2,
D p nominal size, in., and
n p threads per inch.
冥
0.9743
n
2
Diametral
Allowance,
in. (A)
min
max
0.016
0.017
0.017
0.018
0.018
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.022
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.2335
0.2934
0.3514
0.4091
0.4680
0.5284
0.5860
0.7050
0.8248
0.9428
1.0678
1.0562
1.1928
1.1812
1.3208
1.2937
1.4458
1.4187
1.6701
1.9057
2.1557
2.3876
2.6376
2.8876
3.1376
3.3876
3.6376
3.6376
3.8876
0.2384
0.2987
0.3571
0.4152
0.4745
0.5352
0.5932
0.7127
0.8330
0.9516
1.0768
1.0656
1.2020
1.1908
1.3301
1.3041
1.4553
1.4292
1.6817
1.9181
2.1683
2.4011
2.6513
2.9015
3.1517
3.4019
3.6521
3.6521
3.9023
NOTE:
(A) These allowances also apply to the minimum and maximum major
and minor diameters.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-563
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirement shall be applied only when specified by the
purchaser on the contract or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall
be agreed upon in writing between the manufacturer and purchaser. This supplementary
requirement shall in no way negate any requirement of the specification itself.
S1.
Supplementary Lubricant Requirements for
Nuts
S1.1 Nuts, regardless of specified finish, shall be provided with an additional lubricant that shall be clean and
dry to the touch.
S2. Lubricant Dye
S2.1 In addition to the requirements of Supplementary
Requirement S1, the lubricant shall have a contrasting color
so that it’s presence is visually obvious.
S3.
The lubricant shall be applied to specified surfaces on
the nuts, such as (1) principally only those portions which
are threaded, or (2) on threaded portions and either only
one bearing face or both bearing faces, as required, or (3)
such other specific lubricant placement criteria as are
agreed to between the purchaser and the user.
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SA-563
2010 SECTION II, PART A
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. INTENDED APPLICATION
X1.1 Table X1.1 gives additional information for the
intended application of nuts.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-563
TABLE X1.1
NUT AND BOLT SUITABILITY GUIDE
A563 Grade and ANSI Nut Style (A)
Grade of Bolt
(D)
A 307
Surface Finish
(E)
Nominal
Size in.
1
1
Recommended (B)
Suitable (C)
Hex
Heavy Hex
Square
Hex
Heavy Hex
Hex Thick
non-zinccoated and
zinc-coated
⁄4 to 1 ⁄2
>11⁄2 to 2
>2 to 4
A
...
...
...
A
A
A
...
...
B,D,DH
A(F)
...
A,B,C,D,DH,DH3
C,D,DH,DH3
C,D,DH,DH3
A,B,D,DH
...
...
1
Grade B
non-zinc-coated
and zinccoated
⁄4 to 11⁄2
>11⁄2 to 2
>2 to 4
...
...
...
A
A
A
A
...
...
B,D,DH
A (F)
...
B,C,D,DH,DH3
C,D,DH,DH3
C,D,DH,DH3
A,B,D,DH
...
...
A 325
Type 1
non-zinc-coated
zinc-coated
1
1
...
...
C
DH
...
...
...
...
C3,D,DH,DH3
...
...
...
A 325 Type 3
non-zinc-coated
1
⁄2 to 11⁄2
...
C3
...
...
DH3
...
A 354
non-zinc-coated
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
>11⁄2 to 4
...
...
C
C
...
...
D,DH
...
C3,D,DH,DH3
C3,D,DH,DH3
D,DH
...
Grade BC
zinc-coated
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
>11⁄2 to 4
...
...
DH
DH
...
...
...
...
...
...
DH
...
A 354
Grade BD
1
non-zinc-coated
⁄4 to 11⁄2
>11⁄2 to 4
...
...
DH
DH
...
...
DH
...
D,DH,DH3
DH3
D,DH
...
A 394
Type 0
zinc-coated
1
A
...
...
B,D
...
...
A 394
Types 1 and 2
zinc-coated
1
DH
...
...
D
...
...
A 394
Type 3
non-zinc-coated
1
DH3
...
...
...
C3
...
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
>11⁄2 to 3
1
⁄4 to 11⁄2
>11⁄2 to 3
B
...
...
...
...
A
DH
DH
...
...
...
...
D,DH
...
D,DH
...
B,C,C3,D,DH,DH3
C,C3,D,DH,DH3
D
D
B,D,DH
...
D,DH
...
Grade A
A 307
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A 449
Types 1 and 2
non-zinc-coated
zinc-coated
⁄2 to 11⁄2
⁄2 to 11⁄2
⁄2 to 1
⁄2 to 1
⁄2 to 1
A 490
Types 1 and 2
non-zinc-coated
1
...
DH
...
...
DH3
...
A 490 Type 3
non-zinc-coated
1
⁄2 to 11⁄2
...
DH3
...
...
...
...
A 687
non-zinc-coated
zinc-coated
11⁄4 to 3
11⁄4 to 3
...
...
D
DH
...
...
...
...
DH,DH3
...
...
...
⁄2 to 11⁄2
NOTES:
(A) The availability of DH nuts in nominal sizes 3⁄4 in. and larger is very limited and generally available only on special orders for 50 000 pieces
or more. For smaller quantities A 194 Gr. 2H nuts should be considered.
(B) “Recommended” denotes a commercially available nut having the most suitable mechanical properties and dimensional configuration (style)
that will make it possible to torque the bolt to the required load when used in combination with the nut.
(C) “Suitable” denotes nuts having mechanical properties that will make it possible to torque the bolt to the required load when used in combination
with the nut; but, which require consideration of dimensional configuration (style) suitability and availability. Others are not suitable.
(D) The term “bolt” includes all externally threaded types of fasteners.
(E) Non-zinc-coated nuts are nuts intended for use with externally threaded fasteners which have a plain (nonplated or noncoated) finish or have
a plating or coating of insufficient thickness to necessitate overlapping the nut thread to provide assemblability. Zinc-coated nuts are nuts
intended for use with externally threaded fasteners which are hot-dip zinc-coated, mechanically zinc-coated, or have a plating or coating of
sufficient thickness to necessitate overlapping the nut thread to provide assemblability.
(F) Hex nuts in nominal sizes over 11⁄2 to 2 in. inclusive are not covered in the tables of tabulated sizes in ANSI B18.2.2 but are commercially
available. Such nuts are suitable. See 7.2 for dimensions.
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1046
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-564 /SA-564M
SPECIFICATION FOR HOT-ROLLED
AND COLD-FINISHED AGE-HARDENING
STAINLESS STEEL BARS AND SHAPES
SA-564 /SA-564M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 564 /A 564M-04(R07).]
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers bars and shapes of agehardening stainless steels. Hot-finished or cold-finished
rounds, squares, hexagons, bar shapes, angles, tees, and
channels are included; these shapes may be produced by
hot rolling, extruding, or forging. Billets or bars for reforging may be purchased to this specification.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for
Forging
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 484/A 484M Specification for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A 705/A 705M Specification for Age-Hardening, Stainless
Steel Forgings
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
1.2 These steels are generally used for parts requiring
corrosion resistance and high strength at room temperature,
or at temperatures up to 600°F [315°C]; 700°F [370°C]
for Type 632; 840°F [450°C] for Type UNS S46910. They
are suitable for machining in the solution-annealed condition after which they may be age-hardened to the mechanical properties specified in Section 7 without danger of
cracking or distortion. Type XM-25 is machinable in the
as-received fully heat treated condition. Type UNS S46910
is suitable for machining in the solution-annealed, coldworked, and aged-hardened condition.
2.
2.2 Other Documents:
SAE J1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals
and Alloys (UNS)
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered
under this specification. Such requirements may include
but are not limited to the following:
1.3 Types 631 and 632 contain a large amount of ferrite
in the microstructure and can have low ductility in forgings
and larger diameter bars. Applications should be limited
to small diameter bar.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards;
within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of
the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in nonconformance with the specification.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
3.1.2 Type or UNS designation (Table 1),
3.1.3 Specific melt type when required,
3.1.4 Heat treated condition (5.1),
3.1.5 Transverse properties when required (7.6),
1.5 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
3.1.6 Finish (Specification A 484/A 484M),
3.1.7 Surface preparation of shapes (5.2.1),
NOTE 1 — For forgings, see Specification A 705/A 705M.
3.1.8 Size, or applicable dimension including diameter, thickness, width, length, etc.,
NOTE 2 — For billets and bars for forging see Specification A 314.
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SA-564 /SA-564M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
3.1.9 Preparation for delivery (Specification
A 484/A 484M),
the underweight tolerance is not exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any one point does not exceed
10% of the thickness of the section.
3.1.10 Special requirements (refer to 7.4 and 8.3),
3.1.11 Marking requirements (Specification
A 484/A 484M), and
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
3.1.12 ASTM designation and date of issue if other
than that currently published.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 Each alloy covered by this specification shall conform to the chemical requirements specified in Table 1.
3.2 If possible, the intended use of the item should be
given on the purchase order especially when the item is
ordered for a specific end use or uses.
6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis
required by this specification shall be in accordance with
Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
NOTE 3 — A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb [2270 kg]
Type 630, Solution-Annealed Cold Finished Centerless Ground, 11⁄2 in.
[38.0 mm] round bar, 10 to 12 ft [3.0 to 3.6 m] in length, ASTM A 564
. End use: valve shafts.
dated
4.
General Requirements
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification,
all requirements of the current edition of Specifications
A 484/A 484M shall apply. Failure to comply with the
general requirements of Specification A 484/A 484M constitutes nonconformance with this specification.
5.
7.
Mechanical Properties Requirements
7.1 The material, as represented by mechanical test
specimens, shall conform to the mechanical property
requirements specified in Table 2 or Table 3 and shall be
capable of developing the properties in Table 4 when heat
treated as specified in 5.1.
7.2 Samples cut from bars for forging stock shall conform to the mechanical properties of Table 2 and Table 4
when heat treated as specified in Table 2 and Table 4.
7.3 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset
method as described in the current edition of Test Methods
and Definitions A 370. The limiting permanent offset shall
be 0.2% of the gage length of the specimen.
Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment and Condition:
5.1.1 Material of types other than XM-16, XM-25,
and Type 630 shall be furnished in the solution-annealed
condition, or in the equalized and oven-tempered condition,
as noted in Table 2, unless otherwise specified by the
purchaser.
5.1.1.1 Types 630, XM-16, and XM-25 may be
furnished in the solution-annealed or age-hardened condition.
5.1.2 Type UNS S46910 shall be funished in solution-annealed condition per Table 2, or solution-annealed
and cold-worked condition per Table 3, or aged-hardened
condition per Table 4.
7.4 The impact requirement shall apply only when
specified in the purchase order. When specified, the material, as represented by impact test specimens, shall be capable of developing the impact property requirements
specified in Table 4 when heat treated in accordance
with 5.1.
7.5 Longitudinal impact requirements are not applicable to bars less than 5⁄8 in. (16.9 mm) diameter or size or
flats less than 5⁄8 in. (16.9 mm) thick.
5.1.3 Reforging stock shall be supplied in a condition
of heat treatment to be selected by the forging manufacturer.
5.2 Shapes may be subjected to either Class A or
Class C preparation as specified on the purchase order.
5.2.1 Class A consists of preparation by grinding for
the removal of imperfections of a hazardous nature such
as fins, tears, and jagged edges provided the underweight
tolerance is not exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any one point does not exceed 10% of the thickness
of the section.
5.2.2 Class C consists of preparation by grinding for
the removal of all visible surface imperfections provided
7.6 Tensile and impact requirements in the transverse
(through thickness) direction are not applicable to bars less
than 3 in. [75 mm] diameter in size or flats less than 3 in.
[75 mm] thick.
7.7 Material tensile tested and, when specified, impact
tested in the transverse (through thickness) direction and
meeting the requirements shown in Table 4 need not be
tested in the longitudinal direction.
8.
Number of Tests
8.1 At least one room temperature tension test and one
or more hardness tests shall be made on each lot.
8.2 One or more hardness tests and at least one tension
test shall be made from each lot on test samples heat
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
treated as required in 5.1. Unless otherwise specified in
the purchase order, the condition of hardening heat treatment shall be at the option of the producer. The tests shall
meet the requirements of Table 4.
option of the producer and testing shall be done at 70 to
80°F [20 to 25°C]. The tests shall meet the requirements
of Table 4. When tested at temperatures other than 70 to
80°F, [20 to 25°C] the impact test requirements will be as
agreed upon by purchaser and producer.
8.3 When specified in the purchase order, the impact
test shall consist of testing three Charpy V-notch Type A
specimens in accordance with Methods and Definitions
A 370. The specimens shall be heat treated in accordance
with 5.1. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order,
the condition of hardening heat treatment shall be at the
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9.
Keywords
9.1 age-hardening stainless steel; precipitation hardening stainless steel; stainless steel bars; stainless steel shapes
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0.02
0.030
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.10–0.15
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.03
0.010
0.05
Carbon
0.25
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.50–1.25
1.00
1.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
1.00
Manganese
0.015
0.030
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.010
0.015
0.010
0.030
Phosphorus
0.010
0.015
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.008
0.015
0.010
0.030
Sulfur
0.25
0.70
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.50
1.00
1.00
0.10
0.50
0.20
1.00
Silicon
B
Limits are in percent maximum unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.
New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086.
C
Columbium plus tantalum 0.15–0.45.
D
Nitrogen 0.07–0.13.
E
Nitrogen 0.01.
F
Columbium plus tantalum 0.10–0.50.
G
Columbium 8 times carbon minimum.
A
...
...
630
631
632
634
635
XM-12
XM-13
XM-16
...
XM-25
S17400
S17700
S15700
S35500
S17600
S15500
S13800
S45500
S45503
S45000
S46500
S46910
Type
UNS
DesignationB
11.00–12.50
11.0–13.0
15.00–17.50
16.00–18.00
14.00–16.00
15.00–16.00
16.00–17.50
14.00–15.50
12.25–13.25
11.00–12.50
11.00–12.50
14.00–16.00
Chromium
Composition, %
3.00–5.00
6.50–7.75
6.50–7.75
4.00–5.00
6.00–7.50
3.50–5.50
7.50–8.50
7.50–9.50
7.50–9.50
5.00–7.00
10.75–
11.25
8.0–10.0
Nickel
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTSA
...
0.15–0.50
...
0.75–1.50
0.75–1.50
...
0.40
...
0.90–1.35
...
...
...
Aluminum
0.75–1.25
3.0–5.0
...
...
2.00–3.00
2.50–3.25
...
...
2.00–2.50
0.50
0.50
0.50–1.00
Molybdenum
1.50–1.80
0.50–1.20
...
...
...
...
0.40–1.20
...
...
0.90–1.40
1.00–1.35
...
Titanium
...
1.5–3.5
3.00–5.00
...
...
...
...
2.50–4.50
...
1.50–2.50
1.50–2.50
1.25–1.75
Copper
...
E
G
F
F
E
C
...
D
...
...
C
Other
Elements
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
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A
632
634E
635
XM-12
XM-13
XM-16
XM-25
...
...
...
S15700
S35500
S17600
S15500
S13800
S45500
S45000
S45503
S46500
S46910
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
1830 − 2050°F [1000 − 1120°C]
(cool rapidly)
1800 ± 25°F [980 ± 15°C] (oil or
water quench), hold for min. 8 h
at minus 100°F (73°C), air warm
1525 ± 25°F [830 ± 15°C] (cool
rapidly)
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C] (cool
rapidly)
1525 ± 25°F [830 ± 15°C] (cool
rapidly)
1700 ± 25°F [925 ± 15°C] Cool as
required to below 60°F [16°C]
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C] (cool
as required to below 90°F
(32°C))
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C] (air
cool)
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C]
quench, hold not less than 3 h at
minus 100°F or lower
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C] (water
quench)
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C] (water
quench)
1900 ± 25°F [1040 ± 15°C] (cool
as required to below 90°F
(32°C))
Solution Treatment
87
...
[600]
...
...
[860]
125F
...
...
...
...
[825]
...
...
...
...
[MPa]
...
...
...
120
...
...
...
...
ksi
58
...
...
95
...
...
...
75
...
...
...
...
ksi
[400]
...
...
[655]
...
...
...
[515]
...
...
...
...
[MPa]
Yield Strength,
minB
10
...
...
10
...
...
...
10
...
...
...
...
Elongation
in 2 in.
[50 mm] or
4D, min, %
...
...
...
40
...
...
...
45
...
...
...
...
Reduction
of Area,
min, %
33
36
36
32
36
38
38
32
...
HRB100
HRB98
38
Rockwell C,
max
HardnessC
B
See 7.1.
See 7.3.
C
Either Rockwell C hardness or Brinell is permissible. On sizes 1⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) and smaller, Rockwell C is preferred.
D
321 BH for rounds cold drawn after solution treating.
E
Equalization and over-tempering treatment 1425 ± 50°F (775 ± 30°C] for not less than 3 h, cool to room temperature, heat to 1075 ± 25°F [580 ± 15°C] for not less than 3 h.
F
Maximum 165 ksi [1140 MPa] tensile strength only for sizes up to 1⁄2 in. (13 mm).
A
A
631
S17700
A
630
S17400
Condition
Type
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
UNS
Designation
Tensile Strength,
min
Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution Treated ConditionA
TABLE 2
SOLUTION TREATMENT
315
331
331
321
331
363
363
302
363E
269D
229
363
Brinell,
max
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...
S46910
...
Type
UNS
Designation
189
131
CW 1⁄2 hard
CW full hard
ksi
Condition
[1300]
[900]
[MPa]
Tensile Strength,
min
175
109
ksi
[1200]
[750]
[MPa]
Yield Strength,
min
3
8
Elongation
in 2 in.
[50 mm] or
4D, min, %
...
...
Reduction of
Area, min,
%
Hardness
55
40
Rockwell C,
max
Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution Annealed and Cold-Worked Condition
TABLE 3
SOLUTION-ANNEALED AND COLD-WORKED CONDITION
580
380
Brinell,
max
SA-564 /SA-564M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-564 /SA-564M
TABLE 4
MECHANICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS AFTER AGE HARDENING HEAT TREATMENTA
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Treatment, or BothB,C,D
Type
630
Condition
Temperature,
°F [°C]
H900
900 [480]
Time,
h
Quench
1.0
air cool
H
Applicable
Thickness, in. and Test
DirectionE
Up to 3 in.
[75 mm] (L)
incl
Yield
Strength,
minF
ksi
[MPa]
ksi
[MPa]
Elongation
in 2 in.
[50 mm]
or 4D,
min, %
190
[1310]
170
[1170]
10
Tensile
Strength, min
Over 3 in. [75 mm] to
8 in. incl [200 mm]
(T)
H925
925 [495]
4.0
air cool
Up to 3 in.
[75 mm] (L)
incl
ft·lbf
J
40
40
388
...
...
170
[1170]
155
[1070]
10
38
375
5
6.8
44
38
1025 [550]
4.0
air cool
155
[1070]
145
[1000]
12
45
35
331
15
20
1075 [580]
4.0
air cool
145
[1000]
125
[860]
13
45
32
311
20
27
H1100
1100 [595]
4.0
air cool
140
[965]
115
[795]
14
45
31
302
25
34
H1150
1150 [620]
4.0
air cool
135
[930]
105
[725]
16
50
28
277
30
41
H1150M
1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool
115
[795]
75
[520]
18
55
24
255
55
75
H1150D
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool plus
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool
125
[860]
105
[725]
16
50
24
33 max
255
311
max
30
41
RH950
1750°F [955°C] for not less than
10 min, but not more than 1 h,
cool rapidly to room temperature. Cool within 24 h to minus
100 ± 10°F [75°C], hold not less
than 8 h. Warm in air to room
temperature. Heat to 950°F
[510°C], hold 1 h, air cool.
Up to 4 in. incl.
[100 mm] (L)
185
[1280]
150
[1030]
6
10
41
388
...
...
Alternative treatment: 1400°F
[760°C] hold 90 min, cool to 55
± 5°F [15 ± 3°C] within 1 h.
Hold not less than 30 min, heat
to 1050°F [565°C] hold for 90
min, air cool.
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (L)
incl
170
[1170]
140
[965]
6
25
38
352
...
...
Up to 4 in.
[100 mm] (L)
incl
200
[1380]
175
[1210]
7
25
...
415
...
...
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (L)
incl
180
[1240]
160
[1100]
8
25
...
375
...
...
170
[1170]
155
[1070]
12
25
37
341
...
...
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
RH950
XM-12
Brinell,
min
H1075
632
635
Rockwell C,
min
H1025
TH1050
634I
Reduction
of area,
min, %
35
Over 3 in. [75 mm] to
8 in. incl [200 mm]
(T)
631
Impact
Charpy-V,
min
HardnessG
TH1050
Same as Type 631
H1000
1750 [955] for not less than 10
min, but not more than 1 h.
Water quench. Cool to not higher
than minus 100°F [75°C]. Hold
for not less than 3 h. Temper at
1000°F [540°C], holding for not
less than 3 h.
Up to 8 in.
[200 mm] (L)
incl
H950
950 [510]
0.5
air cool
190
[1310]
170
[1170]
8
25
39
363
...
...
H1000
1000 [540]
0.5
air cool
180
[1240]
160
[1100]
8
30
37
352
...
...
H1050
1050 [565]
0.5
air cool
170
[1170]
150
[1035]
10
40
35
331
...
...
H900
900 [480]
1.0
air cool
190
[1310]
170
[1170]
40
388
...
...
38
375
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H925
925 [495]
4.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
170
[1170]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
155
10
35
6
15
10
38
7
20
[1070]
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5
6.8
...
...
SA-564 /SA-564M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 4
MECHANICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS AFTER AGE HARDENING HEAT TREATMENTA (CONT’D)
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Treatment, or BothB,C,D
Type
XM-12
Condition
Temperature,
°F [°C]
H1025
1025 [550]
Time,
h
QuenchH
4.0
air cool
Tensile
Strength, min
Applicable
Thickness, in. and Test
DirectionE
Yield
Strength,
minF
ksi
[MPa]
ksi
[MPa]
155
[1070]
145
[1000]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1075
1075 [580]
4.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
145
[1000]
125
1100 [595]
4.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
140
[965]
115
1150 [620]
4.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
135
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
XM-13
[930]
105
1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
115
[795]
75
950 [510]
4.0
air cool
13
45
45
10
29
31
16
50
11
30
28
18
55
14
35
24
4.0
air cool
4.0
air cool
205
[1415]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
10
[1415]
190
10
50
10
40
[1310]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
[1280]
175
[1210]
11
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
1050 [565]
4.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
4.0
air cool
165
[1140]
12
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
4.0
air cool
[1035]
135
[930]
14
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
20
30
41
20
27
277
55
75
35
47
255
45
430
...
...
43
400
...
...
41
380
...
...
40
372
...
...
34
313
...
...
90
[620]
14
30
283
...
...
26
259
...
...
50
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
55
125
[860]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
85
[585]
16
55
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34
15
50
[930]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool
25
302
50
135
H1150M
20
50
150
1150 [620]
15
45
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1150
27
50
[1210]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
1100 [595]
20
45
175
H1100
20
14
50
185
H1050
15
10
35
205
1025 [550]
J
45
[1515]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1025
ft·lbf
311
28
14
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
1000 [540]
331
32
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
220
H1000
35
[515]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H950
27
Brinell,
min
[725]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1150M
45
8
Rockwell C,
min
[795]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1150
Hardness
Reduction
of area,
min, %
12
9
Impact
Charpy-V,
min
G
[860]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1100
Elongation
in 2 in.
[50 mm]
or 4D,
min, %
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-564 /SA-564M
TABLE 4
MECHANICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS AFTER AGE HARDENING HEAT TREATMENTA (CONT’D)
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Treatment, or BothB,C,D
Type
Condition
Temperature,
°F [°C]
Time,
h
QuenchH
Applicable
Thickness, in. and Test
DirectionE
Yield
Strength,
minF
Impact
Charpy-V,
min
[MPa]
ksi
[MPa]
Elongation
in 2 in.
[50 mm]
or 4D,
min, %
235
[1620]
220
[1515]
8
30
47
444
...
...
220
[1515]
205
[1415]
10
40
44
415
...
...
205
[1415]
185
[1275]
10
40
40
363
...
...
235
[1620]
220
[1520]
47
444
...
...
44
415
...
...
40
363
...
...
39
363
...
...
37
341
...
...
36
331
...
...
34
321
...
...
34
321
...
...
30
285
...
...
26
262
...
...
Tensile
Strength, min
ksi
G
Hardness
Reduction
of area,
min, %
Rockwell C,
min
Brinell,
min
ft·lbf
J
XM-16
H900
900 [480]
4.0
air cool
H950
950 [510]
4.0
air cool
H1000
1000 [540]
4.0
air cool
S45503
H900
H950
H1000
900 [480]
950 [510]
1000 [540]
4.0
4.0
4.0
Up to 6 in. incl
[150 mm] (L)
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (L)
incl
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (T)
incl
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (L)
incl
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (T)
incl
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (L)
incl
Up to 6 in.
[150 mm] (T)
incl
air cool
air cool
220
air cool
XM-25
205
[1515]
[1410]
205
185
900 [480]
4.0
air cool
180
[1240]
170
4.0
air cool
170
[1170]
160
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
1000 [540]
4.0
air cool
160
[1100]
150
1025 [550]
4.0
air cool
Up to 8 in.
[200 mm] (L)
incl
150
[1035]
140
[965]
145
[1000]
135
[930]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
H1050
1050 [565]
4.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
H1100
1100 [595]
4.0
air cool
130
[895]
105
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
1150 [620]
4.0
air cool
125
[860]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
75
40
6
25
10
40
6
20
10
40
7
22
12
45
8
27
12
45
12
45
9
30
16
50
11
30
10
55
12
35
[725]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1150
10
[1035]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1025
20
[1100]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
H1000
40
5
[1170]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
950 [510]
10
[1275]
Up to 12 in. incl.
[300 mm] (T)
H950
30
15
[1410]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
H900
8
4
[515]
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SA-564 /SA-564M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 4
MECHANICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS AFTER AGE HARDENING HEAT TREATMENTA (CONT’D)
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Treatment, or BothB,C,D
Type
Condition
Temperature,
°F [°C]
Time,
h
Tensile
Strength, min
H
Quench
Applicable
Thickness, in. and Test
DirectionE
ksi
Yield
Strength,
minF
[MPa]
ksi
[MPa]
[1655]
220
[1515]
Elongation
in 2 in.
[50 mm]
or 4D,
min, %
Reduction
of area,
min, %
10
45
8
35
10
50
10
40
Impact
Charpy-V,
min
HardnessG
Rockwell C,
min
Brinell,
min
ft·lbf
J
47
444
...
...
45
430
...
...
44
415
...
...
43
400
...
...
48
456
...
...
55
561
...
...
S46500
H950
H1000
H1025
H1050
UNS
S46910
CW 1 ⁄ 2
hard +
aging
CW full
hard +
aging
950 [510]
1000 [540]
1025 [560]
1050 [565]
4.0
4.0
4.0
430
air
oil
or
air
oil
or
air
oil
or
air
oil
or
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
240
Up to 12 in. incl.
[300 mm] (T)
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
220
[1515]
200
[1380]
Up to 12 in. incl.
[300 mm] (T)
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
210
[1450]
195
890 [475]
1.0
air cool
890 [475]
1.0
air cool
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (L)
200
[1380]
185
...
50
45
13
50
12
45
[1280]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
...
12
11
[1345]
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm] (T)
245
[1690]
218
[1500]
6
320
[2205]
290
[2005]
2
...
...
A
See 7.1.
Time refers to minimum time material is at temperature and may be extended to obtain required ductility properties.
C
Unless otherwise noted, temperatures shown are suggested temperatures and may be varied to obtain required tensile properties.
D
Intermediate temperatures must meet the ductility requirements of the next highest suggested hardening or aging temperature, or both.
Example: Type 630 at 1050°F [565°C] must have 13% elongation and 45% reduction, same as for age hardening at 1075°F [580°C].
E
(L) — Longitudinal axis of specimen parallel to direction of grain flow during rolling or forging. (T) — Transverse axis of specimen perpendicular to direction of grain flow during rolling or forging.
F
See 7.3.
G
Either Rockwell C hardness or Brinell is permissible. On sizes 1⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) and smaller, Rockwell C is preferred.
H
When air cooling is specified, gases other than air may be used.
I
Refer to Table 2 for details on equalize and over temper heat treatment.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL, SHEET, CARBON,
STRUCTURAL, AND HIGH-STRENGTH, LOW-ALLOY,
HOT-ROLLED AND COLD-ROLLED, GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS FOR
SA-568/SA-568M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 568/A 568M-07a.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements
for steel sheet in coils and cut lengths. It applies to the
following specifications that describe carbon steel, structural steel, and high-strength, low-alloy steel (HSLA) furnished as hot-rolled sheet and cold-rolled sheet:
Specifications A 414 / A 414M, A 424, A 606,
A 659 / A 659M,
A 794,
A 1008 / A 1008M,
A 1011/A 1011M, and A 1039/A 1039M.
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with
the specification.
1.2 This specification is not applicable to hot-rolled
heavythickness carbon sheet coils (Specification
A 635/A 635M).
1.7 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI
units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall
be furnished to inch-pound units.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 414/A 414M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, for
Pressure Vessels
A 424 Specification for Steel, Sheet, for Porcelain Enameling
A 606 Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, HighStrength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, with
Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
A 635/A 635M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural,
High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength LowAlloy with Improved Formability, General Requirements for
A 659/A 659M Specification for Commercial Steel (CS),
Sheet and Strip, Carbon (0.16 Maximum to 0.25 Maximum Percent), Hot-Rolled
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
1.3 In case of any conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual material specification shall prevail
over those of this general specification.
1.4 For the purposes of determining conformance with
this and the appropriate product specification referenced
in 1.1, values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the
right hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting
values in accordance with the rounding method of
Practice E 29.
1.5 Annex A1 lists permissible variations in dimensions
and mass (see Note 1) in SI [metric] units. The values
listed are not exact conversions of the values listed in the
inch-pound tables, but instead are rounded or rationalized
values. Conformance to Annex A1 is mandatory when the
“M” specification is used.
NOTE 1 — The term weight is used when inch-pound units are the
standard. However, under SI the preferred term is mass.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the
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(10)
SA-568/SA-568M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A 794 Specification for Commercial Steel (CS), Sheet,
Carbon (0.16% Maximum to 0.25% Maximum), ColdRolled
A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel,
Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A 1008/A 1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, ColdRolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy,
High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability,
Solution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
A 1011/A 1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength LowAlloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
A 1030/A 1030M Practice for Measuring Flatness Characteristics of Steel Sheet Products
A 1039 / A 1039M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Hot
Rolled, Carbon, Commercial and Structural, Produced
by the Twin-Roll Casting Process
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing
Purposes
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition
E 290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility
2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.3 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of
Iron and Steel Products
3.
Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
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3.1.1 Steel Types:
3.1.2 carbon steel — designation for steel when no
minimum content is specified or required for aluminum,
chromium, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any element
added to obtain a desired alloying effect; when the specified
minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40%; or when
the maximum content specified for any of the following
elements does not exceed the percentages noted: manganese 1.65, silicon 0.60, or copper 0.60.
3.1.2.1 Discussion — In all carbon steels small
quantities of certain residual elements unavoidably retained
from raw materials are sometimes found which are not
specified or required, such as copper, nickel, molybdenum,
chromium, etc. These elements are considered as incidental
and are not normally determined or reported.
3.1.3 high-strength, low-alloy steel — specific group
of steels in which higher strength, and in some cases additional resistance to atmospheric corrosion or improved
formability, are obtained by moderate amounts of one or
more alloying elements.
3.1.4 Product Types:
3.1.5 hot-rolled sheet — manufactured by hot rolling
slabs in a continuous mill to the required thickness and
can be supplied in coils or cut lengths as specified.
(1) Hot-rolled carbon and high-strength low-alloy
(HSLA) steel sheet is commonly classified by size as
follows:
Coils and Cut Lengths
Width, in.
Over 12
Thickness, in.
0.031 to 0.230, excl
Coils and Cut Lengths
Width, mm
Over 300
Thickness, mm
0.7 to 6.0, excl
NOTE 2 — The changes in width limits with the publication of
A 568/A 568M-06a result in a change in tensile testing direction for
material from 0.180 in. [4.5 mm] to 0.230 in. exclusive [6.0 mm exclusive]
over 48 in. [1200 mm] wide. Material formerly tested in the transverse
direction will be tested in the longitudinal direction. This is expected to
result in some changes in reported properties. The purchaser is advised
to discuss this change with the supplier.
3.1.6 cold-rolled sheet — manufactured from hotrolled descaled coils by cold reducing to the desired thickness, generally followed by annealing to recrystallize the
grain structure. If the sheet is not annealed after cold reduction it is known as full hard with a hardness of 84 HRB
minimum and can be used for certain applications where
ductility and flatness are not required.
(1) Cold-rolled carbon sheet is commonly classified by
size as follows:
Width, in.
All WidthA,B
Thickness, in.
Through 0.142
Width, mm
All WidthA, B
Thickness, mm
Through 4.0
A
Cold-rolled sheet coils and cut lengths, slit from wider coils with cut
edge (only) and in thicknesses through 0.142 in. [4.0 mm] carbon 0.25%
maximum by cast analysis.
B
When no special edge or finish (other than matte, commercial bright,
or luster finish) or single strand rolling of widths, or both under 24 in.
[600 mm] is not specified or required.
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inspection, blanking, slitting, pickling, cold rolling (cold
reduction), heat treating, temper rolling, coating, packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.
(2) Cold-rolled high-strength low-alloy sheet is commonly classified by size as follows:
Width, in.
Through 12A
Over 12B
Thickness, in.
0.019 through 0.082
0.020 and over
3.1.10.1 Discussion — The processing operations
need not be controlled by the organization that hot rolls
the slab into a coil. If only one organization controls or is
responsible for (or both) the hot rolling and processing
operations, that organization is termed the manufacturer.
If more than one organization controls or is responsible
for (or both) hot rolling and processing operations, the
organization that controls and is responsible for the hot
rolling is termed the hot roll manufacturer and the organization or organizations controlling and responsible for the
processing operations is/are termed the processor or processors. Likewise, one organization may be the manufacturer
of the hot roll coil and another the manufacturer of the
cold roll coil. In such case, the organization responsible
for the conversion of the hot roll coil to a cold roll coil
and other processing operations will also be termed the cold
roll manufacturer and organizations performing additional
processing operations to the cold roll coil will be termed
the coil processor or coil processors.
Width, mm
Thickness, mm
To 300, inclA
0.5 to 2.0, incl
Over 300B
0.5 and over
A
Cold-rolled sheet coils and cut lengths, slit from wider coils with cut
edge (only) and in thicknesses 0.019 in. [0.5 mm] through 0.82 in.
[2.0 mm] carbon 0.25% maximum by cast analysis.
B
When no special edge or finish (other than matte, commercial bright,
or luster finish) or single strand rolling of widths, or both under 24 in.
[600 mm] is not specified or required.
3.1.6.1 Discussion — Steel products are available
in various thickness, width, and length combinations
depending upon equipment and processing capabilities of
various manufacturers and processors. Historic limitations
of a product based upon dimensions (thickness, width, and
length) do not take into account current production and
processing capabilities. To qualify any product for a particular product specification requires all appropriate and necessary tests be performed and that the results meet the
limits prescribed in that product specification. If the necessary tests required by a product specification cannot be
conducted, the product cannot be qualified to that specification. This general requirements specification contains
permitted variations for the commonly available sizes. Permitted variations for other sizes are subject to agreement
between the customer and the manufacturer or processor,
whichever is applicable.
3.1.7 retests, n — additional test, or tests, made from
the original material when the original test did not meet
the appropriate acceptance criteria required by a product
specification and the failure was mechanical in natures as
described in Section 11.
3.1.8 resample, n — additional test or tests made
when the test on the original sample did not meet the
appropriate acceptance criteria required by the product
specification, but possibly requiring that the material in
question have an appropriate amount discarded prior to
securing the new sample or samples.
3.1.9 steel manufacturer, n — the organization that
directly controls or is responsible for the melting and refining of steel and the conversion of that steel into semifinished steel products known as slabs either through
continuous casting, conventional or compact methods, or
ingot casting and subsequent conversion of the ingots to
slabs, and for one or more additional operations such as
testing, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.
3.1.10 coil processor — the organization that directly
controls or is responsible for operations involved in processing the coil such as leveling, cutting to length, testing,
3.1.11 hot roll manufacturer, n — the organization
that directly controls or is responsible for the conversion
of steel slabs, by hot rolling into coils, and for one or more
additional operations such as leveling, cutting to length,
testing, inspection, blanking, slitting, pickling, cold rolling,
heat treating, coating, packaging, marking, loading for
shipment, and certification.
3.1.12 cold roll manufacturer, n — the organization
that directly controls or is responsible for the conversion
of hot roll coils into cold roll coils, and for one or more
additional operations such as pickling, annealing, temper
rolling, slitting, cutting to length, testing, inspection, blanking, coating, packaging, marking, loading for shipment,
and certification.
3.2 Refer to Terminology A 941 for additional definitions of terms used in this standard.
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Unless otherwise specified, hot-rolled material shall
be furnished hot-rolled, not annealed, not pickled.
4.2 Coil breaks, stretcher strains, and fluting can occur
during the user’s processing of hot-rolled or hot-rolled
pickled sheet. When any of these features are detrimental
to the application, the manufacturer shall be notified at
time of ordering in order to properly process the sheet.
4.3 Cold-rolled carbon steel sheet is available as discussed in 10.2, 10.3, and in Table 1.
4.4 Unless specified as a full-hard product, cold-rolled
sheet is annealed after being cold reduced to thickness.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
The annealed, cold-rolled sheet can be used as annealed
last (dead soft) for unexposed end-use applications. When
cold-rolled sheet is used for unexposed applications and
coil breaks are a hazard in uncoiling, it may be necessary
to further process the material. In this case the manufacturer
should be consulted. After annealing, cold-rolled sheet is
generally given a light skin pass to impart shape or may
be given a heavier skin pass or temper pass to prevent the
phenomenon known as stretcher straining or fluting, when
formed. Temper passing also provides a required surface
texture.
4.5 Temper Rolling:
4.5.1 Unless otherwise specified, cold-rolled sheet
for exposed applications shall be temper rolled and is usually specified and furnished in the strain free condition as
shipped. See Appendix X1, Effect of Aging of Cold-Rolled
Carbon Steel Sheet on Drawing and Forming.
4.5.2 Cold-rolled sheet for unexposed applications
may be specified and furnished “annealed last” or “temper
rolled.” “Annealed last” is normally produced without temper rolling but may be lightly temper rolled during oiling
or rewinding. Unexposed temper-rolled material may be
specified strain-free or nonfluting. Where specific hardness
range or limit or a specified surface texture is required,
the application is considered as exposed.
NOTE 3 — Skin-passed sheet is subject to an aging phenomenon (see
Appendix X1). Unless special killed (nonaging) steel is specified, it is
to the user’s interest to fabricate the sheet as soon as possible, for optimum
performance.
5.
Chemical Composition
5.1 Limits:
5.1.1 The chemical composition shall be in accordance with the applicable product specification. However,
if other compositions are required for carbon steel, they
shall be prepared in accordance with Appendix X2.
5.1.2 Where the material is used for fabrication by
welding, care must be exercised in selection of chemical
composition or mechanical properties to assure compatibility with the welding process and its effect on altering the
properties.
5.2 Cast or Heat Analysis:
5.2.1 An analysis of each cast or heat of steel shall
be made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentage of elements specified or restricted by the applicable
specification.
5.2.2 When requested, cast or heat analysis for elements listed or required shall be reported to the purchaser
or to his representative. The steel manufacturer, or the hot
roll manufacturer, cold roll manufacturer, or processor, if
different from the steel manufacturer, is responsible for
providing this information to the purchaser or his representative as requested.
5.3 Product, Check, or Verification Analysis:
5.3.1 Non-killed steels such as capped or rimmed
steels are not technologically suited to product analysis
due to the nonuniform character of their chemical composition and therefore, the tolerances in Table 2 do not apply.
Product analysis is appropriate on these types of steel only
when misapplication is apparent or for copper when copper
steel is specified.
5.3.2 For steels other than non-killed (capped or
rimmed), product analysis may be made by the purchaser.
The chemical analysis shall not vary from the limits specified by more than the amounts in Table 2. The several
determinations of any element in a cast shall not vary both
above and below the specified range.
5.4 Sampling for Product Analysis:
5.4.1 To indicate adequately the representative composition of a cast by product analysis, it is general practice
to select samples to represent the steel, as fairly as possible,
from a minimum number of pieces as follows: 3 pieces
for lots up to 15 tons incl, and 6 pieces for lots over 15
tons (see Practice E 59).
5.4.2 When the steel is subject to tension test requirements, samples for product analysis may be taken either
by drilling entirely through the used tension test specimens
themselves, or as covered in 5.4.3.
5.4.3 When the steel is not subject to tension test
requirements, the samples for analysis must be taken by
milling or drilling entirely through the sheet in a sufficient
number of places so that the samples are representative of
the entire sheet or strip. The sampling may be facilitated
by folding the sheet both ways, so that several samples
may be taken at one drilling. Steel subjected to certain
heating operations by the purchaser may not give chemical
analysis results that properly represent its original composition. Therefore, users must analyze chips taken from the
steel in the condition in which it is received from the steel
manufacturer.
5.5 Specimen Preparation — Drillings or chips must be
taken without the application of water, oil, or other lubricant, and must be free of scale, grease, dirt, or other foreign
substances. They must not be overheated during cutting to
the extent of causing decarburization. Chips must be well
mixed and those too coarse to pass a No. 10 sieve or too
fine to remain on a No. 30 sieve are not suitable for proper
analysis. Sieve size numbers are in accordance with Specification E 11.
5.6 Test Methods — In case a referee analysis is required
and agreed upon to resolve a dispute concerning the results
of a chemical analysis, the procedure of performing the
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referee analysis must be in accordance with the latest issue
of Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751, unless
otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
Dimensions, Tolerances, and Allowances
8.1 Dimensions, tolerances, and allowances applicable
to products covered by this specification are contained in
Tables 3-23 [Annex A1, Tables A1.1–A1.20]. The appropriate tolerance tables shall be identified in each individual
specification.
Mechanical Properties
6.1 The mechanical property requirements, number of
specimens, and test locations and specimen orientation
shall be in accordance with the applicable product specification.
8.
6.
8.2 Flatness Tolerances:
8.2.1 Standard flatness tolerances are contained in
Table 15 and Table 16 for hot-rolled sheet and Table 23
for cold-rolled sheet.
8.2.2 Measurement techniques for flatness characteristics are described in Practice A 1030/A 1030M.
6.2 Unless otherwise specified in the applicable product
specification, test specimens must be prepared in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
8.2.3 Two alternative methods for flatness determination are the use of I-units and percent steepness. A
description of these two alternative methods is contained
in Practice A 1030/A 1030M, as well as Appendix X5.
6.3 Mechanical tests shall be conducted in accordance
with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
6.4 Bend tests where required shall be conducted in
compliance with Test Method E 290.
8.2.3.1 The use of I-units or percent steepness as
a flatness standard is subject to negotiation between the
purchaser and the producer.
6.5 To determine conformance with the product specification, a calculated value should be rounded to the nearest
1 ksi tensile strength and yield point or yield strength, and
to the nearest unit in the right hand place of figures used in
expressing the limiting value for other values in accordance
with the rounding off method given in Practice E 29.
8.2.3.2 Measurement techniques for I-units and
percent steepness and rejection limits are subject to negotiation between the purchaser and the producer.
6.6 Structural sheet steels are commonly fabricated by
cold bending. There are many interrelated factors that affect
the ability of a given steel to cold form over a given radius
under shop conditions. These factors include thickness,
strength level, degree of restraint, relationship to rolling
direction, chemistry and microstructure. Each of the appropriate product specifications lists in the appendix the suggested minimum inside radius for cold bending. These radii
should be used as minima for 90° bends. They presuppose
“hard way” bending (bend axis parallel to rolling direction)
and reasonably good shop forming practices. Where possible, the use of larger radii or “easy way” bends are recommended for improved performance.
9.
Finish and Condition
9.1 Hot-rolled sheet has a surface with an oxide or
scale resulting from the hot-rolling operation. The oxide
or scale can be removed by pickling or blast cleaning when
required for press-work operations or welding. Hot-rolled
and hot-rolled descaled sheet is not generally used for
exposed parts where surface is of prime importance.
9.1.1 Hot-rolled sheet can be supplied with mill
edges or cut edges as specified. Mill edges are the natural
edges resulting from the hot-rolling operation. They do not
conform to any particular contour. They may also contain
some edge imperfections, the more common types of which
are cracked edges, thin edges (feather), and damaged edges
due to handling or processing and which should not extend
in beyond the ordered width. These edge conditions are
detrimental where joining of the mill edges by welding is
practiced. When the purchaser intends to shear or to blank,
a sufficient width allowance should be made when purchasing to ensure obtaining the desired contour and size of
the pattern sheet. The manufacturer may be consulted for
guidance. Cut edges are the normal edges which result
from the shearing, slitting, or trimming of mill-edge sheet.
6.7 Fabricators should be aware that cracks may initiate
upon bending a sheared or burned edge. This is not considered to be a fault of the steel but is rather a function of
the induced cold-work or heat-affected zone.
7.
General Requirements for Delivery
7.1 The products covered by this specification are produced to inch-pound or metric decimal thickness only and
the appropriate thickness tolerances apply.
9.1.1.1 The ends of plain hot-rolled mill-edge coils
are irregular in shape and are referred to as uncropped
ends. Where such ends are not acceptable, the purchaser’s
order should so specify. Processed coils such as pickled
or blast cleaned are supplied with square-cut ends.
7.2 Steel may be produced as ingot-cast or strand-cast.
When different grades of strand-cast steel are sequentially
cast, identification and separation of the transition material
is required.
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9.2 Cold-rolled carbon sheet (exposed) is intended for
those applications where surface appearance is of primary
importance. This class will meet requirements for controlled surface texture, surface quality, and flatness. It is
normally processed by the manufacturer to be free of
stretcher strain and fluting. Subsequent user roller leveling
immediately before fabrication will minimize strain
resulting from aging.
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9.2.1 Cold-rolled carbon sheet, when ordered for
exposed applications, can be supplied in the following
finishes:
9.2.1.1 Matte finish is a dull finish, without luster,
produced by rolling on rolls that have been roughened by
mechanical or chemical means to various degrees of surface
texture depending upon application. With some surface
preparation matte finish is suitable for decorative painting.
It is not generally recommended for bright plating.
9.2.1.2 Commercial bright finish is a relatively
bright finish having a surface texture intermediate between
that of matte and luster finish. With some surface preparation commercial bright finish is suitable for decorative
painting or certain plating applications. If sheet is deformed
in fabrication the surface may roughen to some degree and
areas so affected will require surface preparation to restore
surface texture to that of the undeformed areas.
9.2.1.3 Luster finish is a smooth bright finish produced by rolling on ground rolls and is suitable for decorative painting or plating with additional special surface
preparation by the user. The luster may not be retained
after fabrication; therefore, the formed parts will require
surface preparation to make them suitable for bright
plating.
9.3 Cold-rolled carbon sheet, when intended for unexposed applications, is not subject to limitations on degree
and frequency of surface imperfections, and restrictions
on texture and mechanical properties are not applicable.
When ordered as “annealed last,” the product will have
coil breaks and a tendency toward fluting and stretcher
straining. Unexposed cold-rolled sheet may contain more
surface imperfections than exposed cold-rolled sheet
because steel applications, processing procedures, and
inspection standards are less stringent.
9.4 Cold-rolled high-strength low-alloy sheet is supplied with a matte finish, unless otherwise specified.
9.5 The cold-rolled products covered by this specification are furnished with cut edges and square cut ends,
unless otherwise specified.
9.6 Oiling:
9.6.1 Plain hot-rolled sheet is customarily furnished
not oiled. Oiling must be specified, when required.
9.6.2 Hot-rolled pickled or descaled sheet is customarily furnished oiled. If the product is not to be oiled, it
must be so specified since the cleaned surface is prone to
rusting.
9.6.3 Cold-rolled products covered by this specification can be furnished oiled or not oiled as specified.
9.7 Sheet steel in coils or cut lengths may contain
surface imperfections that can be removed with a reasonable amount of metal finishing by the purchaser.
10. Workmanship
10.1 Cut lengths shall have a workmanlike appearance
and shall not have imperfections of a nature or degree for
the product, the grade, class, and the quality ordered that
will be detrimental to the fabrication of the finished part.
10.2 Coils may contain some abnormal imperfections
that render a portion of the coil unusable since the inspection of coils does not afford the producer the same opportunity to remove portions containing imperfections as in the
case with cut lengths.
10.3 Surface Conditions:
10.3.1 Exposed cold-rolled sheet is intended for
applications where surface appearance is of primary importance, that is, exposed applications. Unexposed or annealed
cold-rolled sheet is intended for applications where surface
appearance is not of primary importance, that is, unexposed
applications.
10.3.2 Cut lengths for exposed applications shall not
include individual sheets having major surface imperfections (holes, loose slivers, and pipe) and repetitive minor
surface imperfections. Cut lengths may contain random
minor surface imperfections that can be removed with a
reasonable amount of metal finishing by the purchaser.
These imperfections shall be acceptable to the purchaser
within the manufacturer’s published standards.
10.3.3 For coils for exposed applications, it is not
possible to remove the surface imperfections listed in
10.3.2. Coils will contain such imperfections which shall
be acceptable to the purchaser within the manufacturer’s
published standards. Coils contain more surface imperfections than cut lengths because the producer does not have
the same opportunity to sort portions containing such
imperfections as is possible with cut lengths.
10.3.4 Cut lengths for unexposed applications shall
not include individual sheets having major surface imperfections such as holes, loose slivers, and pipe. In addition,
unexposed cut lengths can be expected to contain more
minor imperfections such as pits, scratches, sticker breaks,
edge breaks, pinchers, cross breaks, roll marks, and other
surface imperfections than exposed. These imperfections
shall be acceptable to the purchaser without limitation.
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10.3.5 For coils for unexposed applications, it is
not possible to remove the surface imperfections listed in
10.3.4. Coils will contain surface imperfections that are
normally not repairable. Minor imperfections shall be
acceptable to the purchaser within the manufacturer’s published standards. Unexposed coils contain more surface
imperfections than exposed coils.
and the failed test results are not related to the conditions
described in 11.1, the lot shall be quarantined and resampled for certification of the non-conforming material to the
specification requirements.
Retests and Disposition of Non-Conforming
Material
11.1 Retests:
11.2.1.2 Resampling for certification of the nonconforming material shall include the discarding of outof-specification material and the resampling of the lot.
The resampling shall be appropriate to the specific out-ofspecification condition and the processing history of the lot.
11.
11.2.1.3 A maximum of two resampling efforts
shall be permitted. If after conducting two resampling
efforts, the material does not satisfy the specification
requirements, the lot shall be rejected.
11.1.1 Unless otherwise prohibited by the product
specification, retests are permitted under the following circumstances:
11.1.1.1 If any tension test specimen shows defective machining or develops flaws, it must be discarded and
another specimen substituted.
12. Inspection
12.1 When purchaser’s order stipulates that inspection
and tests (except product analyses) for acceptance on the
steel be made prior to shipment from the mill, the manufacturer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all reasonable
facilities to satisfy him that the steel is being produced
and furnished in accordance with the specification. Mill
inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily
with the manufacturer’s operation.
11.1.1.2 If the percent elongation of any tension
test specimen is less than that specified and any part of
the fracture is more than 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] from the center
of the gauge length of a 2 in. [50 mm] specimen or is
outside the middle half of the gauge length of an 8 in.
[200 mm] specimen, as indicated by scribe scratches
marked on the specimen before testing, a retest is allowed.
11.1.1.3 If the test result of any tension test specimen fails to meet the specification requirements and the
failure is the result of improper adherence to tension test
procedures, a retest is permitted.
13. Rejection and Rehearing
13.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection shall be
reported to the manufacturer within a reasonable time after
receipt of material by the purchaser.
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11.1.1.4 If the test result of an original tension
test specimen fails to meet the specification requirements
and the failure is not related to the conditions described
in 11.1.1.1, 11.1.1.2, and 11.1.1.3, but the results are within
2 ksi [14 MPa] of the required yield strength, within 2 ksi
[14 MPa] of the required tensile strength, or within 2
percentage points of the required elongation, one retest
shall be permitted to replace the failing test.
11.1.2 The retest specimen shall be taken either adjacent to the first failed specimen, or selected at random
from the material to be certified to the specification.
11.1.3 If the results of a retest satisfy the specified
tension test requirements and all other requirements of the
applicable specification are satisfied, the material shall be
accepted.
13.2 Material that is reported to be defective subsequent
to the acceptance at the purchaser’s works shall be set
aside, adequately protected, and correctly identified. The
manufacturer shall be notified as soon as possible so that
an investigation may be initiated.
13.3 Samples that are representative of the rejected
material shall be made available to the manufacturer. In
the event that the manufacturer is dissatisfied with the
rejection, he may request a rehearing.
14. Test Reports and Certification
14.1 When test reports are required by the purchase
order or the material specification, the supplier shall report
the results of all test required by the material specification
and the order.
11.2 Disposition of Non-Conforming Material:
11.2.1 In those cases where the lot is found to be nonconforming, and resampling of non-conforming material is
not prohibited by the specification, resampling is permitted
under the following circumstances and using the following
practices:
14.2 When certification is required by the purchase
order, the supplier shall furnish a certification that the
material has been manufactured and tested in accordance
with the requirements of the material specification.
14.3 A signature is not required on test reports or
certifications. However, the document shall clearly identify
11.2.1.1 If the results of an original tension test or
retest specimen fail to satisfy the specification requirements
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SA-568/SA-568M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
the organization submitting the document. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the organization submitting
the document is responsible for the content of the document.
14.4 When test reports are required, copies of the original material manufacturer’s test report shall be included
with any subsequent test report.
15.2 When specified in the contract or order, and for
direct procurement by or direct shipment to the government, marking for shipment in addition to requirements
specified in the contract or order, shall be in accordance
with MIL-STD-129 for military agencies and in accordance
with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies.
14.5 A Material Test Report, Certificate of Inspection,
or similar document printed from or used in electronic
form from an electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be regarded as having the same validity as a
counterpart printed in the certifier’s facility. The content
of the EDI transmitted document must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM standard(s) and conform to
any existing EDI agreement between the purchaser and the
supplier. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the
organization submitting the EDI transmission is responsible for the content of the report.
15.3 Bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with
the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) standard
prepared by the primary metals subcommittee of the AIAG
bar code project team.
16. Packing and Package Marking
16.1 Unless otherwise specified, the sheet shall be packaged and loaded in accordance with Practices A 700.
NOTE 4 — The industry definition as invoked here is: EDI is the computer
to computer exchange of business information in an agreed upon standard
format such as ANSI ASC X12.
16.2 When coils are ordered, it is customary to specify
a minimum or range of inside diameter, maximum outside
diameter, and a maximum coil weight, if required. The
ability of manufacturers to meet the maximum coil weights
depends upon individual mill equipment. When required,
minimum coil weights are subject to negotiation.
15. Product Marking
15.1 As a minimum requirement, the material shall
be identified by having the manufacturer’s name, ASTM
designation, weight, purchaser’s order number, and material identification legibly stenciled on top of each lift or
shown on a tag attached to each coil or shipping unit.
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17. Keywords
17.1 carbon steel sheet; cold rolled steel sheet; general
delivery requirements; high strength low alloy steel; hot
rolled steel sheet; steel sheet; structural steel sheet
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
TABLE 1
COLD-ROLLED SHEET STEEL CLASS COMPARISON
Major imperfections:
Cut lengths
Coils
Minor imperfections:
Cut lengths
Coils
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Finish
Special oils
Thickness, width and length tolerance:
Standard
Restricted
Flatness tolerance:
Standard
Restricted Squareness
Coil wraps
Coil welds
Outside inspection
Special testing
Exposed
Unexposed
Mill rejects
Purchaser accepts within the manufacturer’s published standards (policy)
Mill rejects
Purchaser accepts within the manufacturer’s
published standards (policy)
Mill rejections repetitive imperfections. May contain random imperfections which the purchaser
accepts within the manufacturer’s published
standards (policy)
Purchaser accepts within the manufacturer’s published standards (policy)
Matte unless otherwise specified
May be specified
Purchaser accepts all minor imperfections
Purchaser accepts all minor imperfections
Purchaser accepts all finishes
May not be specified
Will be met
May be specified
Will be met
May not be specified
Will be met
Will be met (temper rolled) Not guaranteed — normally within twice standard
(annealed last)
May not be specified
Purchaser accepts all
May be specified
Purchaser accepts within the manufacturer’s published standards (policy)
Purchaser accepts within the manufacturer’s published standards (policy)
May be specified
May be specified
Purchaser accepts within the manufacturer’s
published standards (policy)
May not be specified
May not be specified
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 2
TOLERANCES FOR PRODUCT ANALYSIS
Tolerance
Limit, or Maximum of
Specified Element, %
Element
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Copper
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Vanadium
Columbium
(Niobium)
Titanium
Aluminum
Nitrogen
to 0.15, incl
over 0.15 to 0.40,
over 0.40 to 0.80,
over 0.80
to 0.60, incl
over 0.60 to 1.15,
over 1.15 to 1.65,
...
...
to 0.30, incl
over 0.30 to 0.60,
...
to 1.00, incl
to 0.90, incl
to 0.20, incl
to 0.10, incl
to 0.10, incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
to 0.15, incl
to 0.10, incl
to 0.030, incl
Under
Minimum
Limit
Over
Maximum
Limit
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
. . .A
. . .A
0.02
0.05
0.02
. . .A
. . .A
. . .A
0.01B
0.01B
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.05
. . .A
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.01B
0.01B
0.01A
0.03C
0.005
0.01B
. . .A
0.005
A
Where an ellipsis ( . . . ) appears in the table, the requirements have
not been defined.
B
If the minimum of the range is 0.01%, the under tolerance is
0.005%.
C
If the minimum of the range is 0.01%, the under tolerance is
0.005%, and if the minimum of the range is 0.02%, the under
tolerance is 0.01%.
TABLE 3
LIST OF TABLES FOR DIMENSIONS, TOLERANCES, AND ALLOWANCES
CarbonA and High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel
Table No.
Hot-Rolled Sheet
Cold-Rolled Sheet
Dimensions
Inch-Pound Units
SI Units
Inch-Pound Units
SI Units
Camber tolerances
Diameter tolerances of sheared circles
Flatness tolerances
Length tolerances
Out-of-square tolerances
Restricted squareness tolerances
Thickness tolerances
Width tolerances of cut edge
Width tolerances of mill edge
12
11
15, 16
10
13
14
4, 5, 6, 7
9
8
A1.9
A1.8
A1.12, A1.13
A1.7
A1.10
A1.11
A1.1, A1.2, A1.3, A1.4
A1.6
A1.5
12, 22
11
23
19, 20
13
14
17, 18
9, 21
A1.9, A1.19
A1.8
A1.20
A1.16, A1.17
A1.10
A1.11
A1.14, A1.15
A1.6, A1.18
A
Tolerances for hot-rolled carbon sheet steel with 0.25% maximum carbon, cast or heat analysis.
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...
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
TABLE 4
STANDARD THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET (CARBON AND STRUCTURAL STEEL ONLY) —
3
⁄8 in. (CUT EDGE) AND 3⁄4 in. (MILL EDGE) MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, in.A
Thickness Tolerances Over, in., No Tolerance UnderB
Specified
Width, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
12
20
40
48
60
72
to
to
to
to
to
20,
40,
48,
60,
72,
0.027 to 0.051,
incl
Over 0.051 to
0.057, incl
Over 0.057 to
0.071, incl
Over 0.071 to
0.098, incl
Over 0.098 to
0.180, excl
0.180 to 0.230,
excl
0.010
0.010
0.010
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.012
0.014
. . .C
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.014
0.014
. . .C
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.020
0.022
0.024
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 3⁄8 in. from a cut edge and not less than 3⁄4 in. from a mill edge.
This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
A
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
C
Where an ellipsis ( . . . ) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
TABLE 5
RESTRICTED THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET (CARBON AND STRUCTURAL STEEL ONLY) —
5
⁄8 in. (CUT EDGE) AND 1 in. (MILL EDGE) MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, in.A
Thickness Tolerances Over, in., No Tolerance UnderB
Specified
Width, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
12
20
40
48
60
72
to
to
to
to
to
20,
40,
48,
60,
72,
0.027 to 0.051,
incl
Over 0.051 to
0.057, incl
Over 0.057 to
0.071, incl
Over 0.071 to
0.098, incl
Over 0.098 to
0.180, excl
0.180 to 0.230,
excl
0.008
0.008
0.008
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.009
0.010
. . .C
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.010
. . .C
0.009
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.012
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.010
0.012
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.018
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 5⁄8 in. from a cut edge and not less than 1 in. from a mill edge.
This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 3 — This table was constructed by multiplying the values in the standard table by 0.75 and rounding to 3 decimal places using standard
ASTM practice.
A
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as nominal or minimum.
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
C
Where an ellipsis ( . . . ) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
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TABLE 6
STANDARD THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET (HIGH-STRENGTH, LOW-ALLOY STEEL) — 3⁄8 in.
(CUT EDGE) AND 3⁄4 in. (MILL EDGE) MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, in.A
Thickness Tolerances, Over, in., No Tolerance UnderB
Specified Width, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
12
15
20
32
40
48
60
72
80
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
15,
20,
32,
40,
48,
60,
72,
80,
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
0.031 to 0.051,
incl
Over 0.051 to
0.059, incl
Over 0.059 to
0.070, incl
Over 0.070 to
0.082, incl
Over 0.082 to
0.098, incl
Over 0.098 to
0.180, excl
0.180 to 0.230,
excl
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.012
0.012
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.014
0.014
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.016
. . .C
. . .C
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
. . .C
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.018
0.018
0.020
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.020
0.020
0.022
0.024
0.024
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.018
0.020
0.020
0.022
0.024
0.024C
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 3⁄8 in. from a cut edge and not less than 3⁄4 in. from a mill edge.
This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
A
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nomimal or minimum.
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is didvided equally over and under.
C
Where an ellipsis ( . . . ) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
TABLE 7
RESTRICTED THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET (HIGH-STRENGTH, LOW-ALLOY STEEL)
— 5⁄8 in. (CUT EDGE) AND 1 in. (MILL EDGE) MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE
(Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, in.A
Thickness Tolerances All Over, in., No Tolerance UnderB
Specified Width, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
12
15
20
32
40
48
60
72
80
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
15,
20,
32,
40,
48,
60,
72,
80,
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
0.031 to 0.051,
incl
Over 0.051 to
0.059, incl
Over 0.059 to
0.070, incl
Over 0.070 to
0.082, incl
Over 0.082 to
0.098, incl
Over 0.098 to
0.180, excl
0.180 to 0.230,
excl
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.009
0.009
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.010
. . .C
. . .C
. . .C
0.009
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.012
. . .C
. . .C
0.009
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.012
. . .C
0.009
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.015
0.010
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.018
0.018
0.010
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.018
0.018C
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 5⁄8 in. from a cut edge and not less than 1 in. from a mill edge.
This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 3 — This table was constructed by multiplying the values in the standard table by 0.75 and rounding to 3 places using standard ASTM
practice.
A
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nomimal or minimum.
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
C
Where an ellipsis ( . . . ) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
TABLE 8
WIDTH TOLERANCESA OF HOT-ROLLED MILL EDGE
SHEET (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Carbon
Tolerances Over
Specified
Width, in.,
No Tolerance Under
Specified Width, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
12
14
17
19
21
24
26
30
50
78
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
14,
17,
19,
21,
24,
26,
30,
50,
78,
TABLE 10
LENGTH TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths not Resquared, Including Pickled)
7
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
⁄16
1
⁄2
9
⁄16
5
⁄8
11
⁄16
13
⁄16
15
⁄16
11⁄8
11⁄2
17⁄8
Specified Length, in.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
12
14
17
19
21
24
26
28
35
50
60
65
70
80
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
14,
17,
19,
21,
24,
26,
28,
35,
50,
60,
65,
70,
80,
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
1
To 15, incl
Over 15 to 30, incl
Over 30 to 60, incl
Over 60 to 120, incl
Over 120 to 156, incl
Over 156 to 192, incl
Over 192 to 240, incl
Over 240
High-Strength Low-Alloy
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Tolerances Over
Specified Length,
in.,
No Tolerance Under
7
⁄16
⁄2
9
⁄16
5
⁄8
11
⁄16
13
⁄16
15
⁄16
11⁄8
11⁄4
11⁄2
15⁄8
13⁄4
17⁄8
2
1
⁄8
⁄4
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
1
11⁄4
11⁄2
13⁄4
1
TABLE 11
DIAMETER TOLERANCES OF CIRCLES SHEARED
FROM HOT-ROLLED (INCLUDING PICKLED) AND
COLD-ROLLED SHEET (OVER 12 in. WIDTH)
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
Tolerances Over Specified
Diameter, in.
(No Tolerances Under)
A
The above tolerances do not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge
coils (10.1.1.1).
Specified Thickness,A in.
0.044 to 0.057, incl
Over 0.057 to 0.098, incl
Over 0.098
TABLE 9
WIDTH TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED CUT EDGE
SHEET AND COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(OVER 12 in. WIDTH) (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Not Resquared, Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Width, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
12
30
48
60
80
to
to
to
to
30,
48,
60,
80,
incl
incl
incl
incl
A
Under 30
1
⁄16
3
⁄32
1
⁄8
1
⁄8
5
⁄32
3
⁄16
Over 48
3
⁄16
⁄32
1
⁄4
7
0.071 in. minimum thickness for hot-rolled high-strength lowalloy steel sheet.
Tolerances Over
Specified Width,
in.,
No Tolerance Under
1
⁄8
⁄16
1
⁄4
5
⁄16
3
⁄8
3
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SA-568/SA-568M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 15
FLATNESS TOLERANCESA OF TEMPER ROLLED OR
PICKLED HOT-ROLLED SHEET CUT LENGTHSB
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
TABLE 12
CAMBER TOLERANCESA FOR HOT-ROLLED
(INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(OVER 12 in. WIDTH) (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths, not Resquared)
Cut Length, ft
Flatness
Tolerances,C in.
Camber
Tolerances, in.
To 4, incl
Over 4 to 6, incl
Over 6 to 8, incl
Over 8 to 10, incl
Over 10 to 12, incl
Over 12 to 14, incl
Over 14 to 16, incl
Over 16 to 18, incl
Over 18 to 20, incl
Over 20 to 30, incl
Over 30 to 40, incl
1
⁄8
3
⁄16
1
⁄4
5
⁄16
3
⁄8
1
⁄2
5
⁄8
3
⁄4
7
⁄8
11⁄4
11⁄2
The camber tolerance for coils is 1 in. in any 20 ft.
TABLE 13
OUT-OF-SQUARE TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED CUTEDGE (INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED
SHEET (OVER 12 in. WIDTH)
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths not Resquared)
Specified
Width, in.
0.027 to 0.057, incl
over 12 to 36,
over 36 to 60,
over 60
over 12 to 60,
over 60 to 72,
over 72
over 12 to 60,
over 60 to 72,
over 72
0.057 to 0.180, excl
0.180 to 0.230, excl
NOTE 1 — Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a
straight line, the measurement being taken on the concave side with a
straightedge.
A
Specified Minimum
Thickness, in.
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
incl
⁄2
⁄4
1
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
1
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
1
3
3
⁄4
11⁄8
...
3
⁄4
11⁄8
11⁄2
3
⁄4
11⁄8
11⁄2
TABLE 16
FLATNESS TOLERANCESA OF NON-PROCESSED HOT
ROLLED SHEET CUT LENGTHSB
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
Flatness
Tolerances,C in.
Specified Yield
Strength, min, ksi
Specified Minimum
Thickness, in.
over 0.057
to 0.180, excl
0.180 to 0.230, excl
Specified
Width, in.
Under
45
45
to 50D, E
over 12 to 36, incl
over 36 to 60, incl
over 60
11⁄2
21⁄4
3
21⁄4
33⁄8
...
over
over
over
over
over
over
11⁄2
21⁄4
3
11⁄2
21⁄4
3
21⁄4
33⁄8
41⁄2
21⁄4
33⁄8
41⁄2
12
60
72
12
60
72
to 60, incl
to 72, incl
to 60, incl
to 72, incl
A
The above table also applies to lengths cut from coils by the consumer
when adequate flattening operations are performed.
B
Application of this table to product in coil form is not appropriate
unless the coil has been rolled out and adequately flattened with all coil
set removed.
C
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
D
Tolerances for steels with specified minimum yield strength in excess
of 50 ksi are subject to negotiation.
E
0.071 minimum thickness of HSLA.
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1
45 to 50D, E
The above table also applies to lengths cut from coils by the consumer
when adequate flattening operations are performed.
B
Application of this table to product in coil form is not appropriate
unless the coil has been rolled out and adequately flattened with all coil
set removed.
C
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
D
Tolerances for steels with specified minimum yield strength in excess
of 50 ksi are subject to negotiation.
E
0.071 minimum thickness of HSLA.
0.027 to 0.057, incl
When cut lengths are specified resquared, the width and the length
are not less than the dimensions specified. The individual tolerance
for over-width, overlength, camber, or out-of-square should not
exceed 1⁄16 in. up to and including 48 in. in width and up to and
including 120 in. in length. For cut lengths wider or longer, the
applicable tolerance is 1⁄8 in.
Under 45
A
Out-of-square is the greatest deviation of an end edge from a
straight line at right angle to a side and touching one corner. It is
also obtained by measuring the difference between the diagonals of
the cut length. The out-of-square deviation is one half of that difference. The tolerance for all thicknesses and all sizes is 1⁄16 in./6 in. of
width or fraction thereof.
TABLE 14
RESTRICTED SQUARENESS TOLERANCES OF HOTROLLED (INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED
SHEET (OVER 12 in. WIDTH) (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths)
Specified Yield
Strength, min, ksi
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TABLE 17
STANDARD THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR COLD-ROLLED SHEET (ALL DESIGNATIONS)A — 3⁄8 in. MINIMUM
EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths)
Specified Ordered Thickness, in.B
Thickness Tolerances, Over, in., No Tolerance UnderC
Specified Width, in.
To 0.014,
excl
To 15, incl
Over 15 to 72, incl
Over 72
0.002
0.002
. . .D
0.014 to
0.019, incl
0.004
0.004
. . .D
Over 0.019A
to 0.039, incl
Over 0.039
to 0.057, incl
Over 0.057
to 0.071, incl
Over 0.071
to 0.098, incl
Over 0.098
to 0.142, incl
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.012
0.010
0.012
0.014
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 3⁄8 in. from a side edge.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 3 — The thickness of material <1 in. wide shall be measured at mid-width.
A
Minimum thickness, 0.021 in. for high-strength, low-alloy.
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
C
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
D
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
TABLE 18
RESTRICTED THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR COLD-ROLLED SHEET (ALL DESIGNATIONS)A — 1 in. MINIMUM
EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths)
Specified Ordered Thickness, in.B
Thickness Tolerances, Over, in., No Tolerance UnderC
Specified Width, in.
To 0.014,
excl
To 15, incl
Over 15 to 72, incl
Over 72
0.001
0.001
. . .D
0.014 to
0.019, incl
0.002
0.002
. . .D
Over 0.019A
to 0.039, incl
Over 0.039
to 0.057, incl
Over 0.057
to 0.071, incl
Over 0.071
to 0.098, incl
Over 0.098
to 0.142, incl
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.007
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 1 in. from a side edge.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 3 — This table was constructed by multiplying the values in the standard table by 0.50 and rounding to 3 places using standard ASTM
practice.
NOTE 4 — The thickness of material < 2 in. wide shall be measured at mid-width.
A
Minimum thickness, 0.021 in. for high-strength, low-alloy.
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
C
The tolerance provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
D
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
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SA-568/SA-568M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 22
CAMBER TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET IN
COILS (ALL DESIGNATIONS)A (Coils to 12 in. Width)
TABLE 19
LENGTH TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths Over 12 in. in Width, Not Resquared)
Tolerances Over
Specified
Length, in., No
Tolerances Under
Specified Length, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
1
12 to 30, incl
30 to 60, incl
60 to 96, incl
96 to 120, incl
120 to 156, incl
156 to 192, incl
192 to 240, incl
240
⁄8
⁄4
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
1
11⁄4
11⁄2
13⁄4
1
Width, in.
Camber Tolerance
1
To 12, incl
⁄4 in. any 8 ft
NOTE 1 — Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a
straight line, the measurement being taken on the concave side with a
straightedge.
NOTE 2 — This table applies to widths produced by slitting from
wider sheet.
A
0.020 in. minimum thickness for high-strength, low-alloy.
TABLE 23
FLATNESS TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
Flatness
Tolerance,A in.
TABLE 20
LENGTH TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Length Sheets, to 12 in. in Width, Not Resquared)
Specified Length, in.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
24 to 60, incl
Over 60 to 120, incl
Over 120 to 240, incl
Specified Yield
Point, min, ksi
Specified
Thickness, in.
Tolerances Over Specified
Length, in., No Tolerance Under
To 0.044, incl
1
⁄2
⁄4
1
3
Over 0.044
NOTE 1 — This table applies to widths produced by slitting from
wider sheet.
TABLE 21
WIDTH TOLERANCES FOR COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)A
(Coils and Cut Lengths to 12 in. Width, Not Resquared)
Specified Width, in.
Width Tolerance
Plus and
Minus, in.
To 6, incl
Over 6 to 9, incl
Over 9 to 12, incl
0.012
0.016
0.032
A
Specified
Width, in.
to 36, incl
over 36 to 60, incl
over 60
to 36, incl
over 36 to 60, incl
over 60 to 72, incl
over 72
3
⁄8
⁄8
7
⁄8
1
⁄4
3
⁄8
5
⁄8
7
⁄8
5
45 to 50B
incl
3
⁄4
11⁄8
11⁄2
3
⁄4
3
⁄4
11⁄8
11⁄2
NOTE 1 — This table does not apply when product is ordered full hard,
to a hardness range, or “annealed last” (dead soft).
NOTE 2 — This table also applies to lengths cut from coils by the
consumer when adequate flattening measures are performed.
A
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
Tolerances for high-strength, low-alloy steel with specified minimum yield point in excess of 50 ksi are subject to negotiation.
B
0.020 in. minimum thickness for high-strength, low-alloy.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN
DIMENSIONS AND MASS IN SI UNITS
A1.1 Listed in Tables A1.1–A1.20 are permissible variations in dimensions and mass expressed in the International System of Units (SI) terminology.
TABLE A1.1
STANDARD THICKNESS TOLERANCES [METRIC] FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET (CARBON AND STRUCTURAL STEEL
ONLY) — 10 mm (CUT EDGE) AND 20 mm (MILL EDGE) MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE
(Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, mmA
Thickness Tolerances, Over, mm, No Tolerance UnderB
Specified Width, mm
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
300 to 600, incl
600 to 1200, incl
1200 to 1500, incl
1500 to 1800, incl
1800
Through 2.0
Over 2.0 to 2.5, incl
Over 2.5 to 4.5, excl
4.5 to 6.0, excl
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.30
0.35
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.56
0.60
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 10 mm from a cut edge and not less than 20 mm from a mill edge.
This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
A
B
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
The tolerance provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, not tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
1073
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A1.2
RESTRICTED THICKNESS TOLERANCES [METRIC] FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET
(CARBON AND STRUCTURAL STEEL ONLY) — 15 mm (CUT EDGE) AND 25 mm
(MILL EDGE) MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, mmA
Thickness Tolerances Over, mm, No Tolerance UnderB
Specified Width, mm
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
300 to 600
600 to 1200, incl
1200 to 1500, incl
1500 to 1800, incl
1800
Through 2.0
Over 2.0 to
2.5, incl
Over 2.5 to
4.5, excl
4.5 to 6.0,
excl
0.22
0.22
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.22
0.26
0.26
0.30
0.30
0.26
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.34
0.38
0.42
0.45
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 15 mm from a cut edge and
not less than 25 mm from a mill edge. This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles
having minimum diameters of 0.188 in. [4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the
anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in. [2.55 mm]. Micrometers with
pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 3 — This table was constructed by multiplying the values in the standard table by 0.75 and rounding
to 2 decimal places using standard ASTM practice.
A
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as
a nominal or minimum.
B
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, not tolerance
under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
TABLE A1.3
STANDARD THICKNESS TOLERANCES [METRIC] FOR HOT-ROLLED SHEET (HIGHSTRENGTH, LOW-ALLOY STEEL) — 10 mm (CUT EDGE) AND 20 mm (MILL EDGE)
MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE
(Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, mmA
Thickness Tolerances Over, mm, No Tolerance UnderB
Specified Width, mm
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
300 to 600, incl
600 to 1200, incl
1200 to 1500, incl
1500 to 1800, incl
1800 to 2000, incl
2000
Through 2.0
Over 2.0 to
2.5, incl
Over 2.5 to
4.5, excl
4.5 to 6.0,
excl
0.30
0.35
0.35
0.40
0.40
. . .C
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.60
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.60C
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 10 mm from a cut edge and
not less than 20 mm from a mill edge. This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles
having minimum diameters of 0.188 in. [4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the
anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in. [2.55 mm]. Micrometers with
pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
A
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as
a nominal or minimum.
B
The tolerance provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, not tolerance
under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
C
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
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SA-568/SA-568M
TABLE A1.4
RESTRICTED THICKNESS TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED SHEET (HIGH-STRENGTH,
LOW-ALLOY STEEL) — 15 mm (CUT EDGE) AND 25 mm (MILL EDGE) MINIMUM
EDGE DISTANCE (Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Ordered Thickness, mmA
Thickness Tolerances Over, mm, No Tolerance UnderB
Specified Width, mm
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
300 to 600, incl
600 to 1200, incl
1200 to 1500, incl
1500 to 1800, incl
1800 to 2000, incl
2000
Through 2.0
Over 2.0 to
2.5, incl
Over 2.5 to
4.5, excl
4.5 to 6.0,
excl
0.22
0.26
0.26
0.30
0.30
. . .C
0.26
0.30
0.30
0.34
0.34
0.38
0.30
0.34
0.38
0.41
0.45
0.45
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.42
0.45
0.45C
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 15 mm from a cut edge and
not less than 25 mm from a mill edge. This table does not apply to the uncropped ends of mill edge coils.
NOTE 2 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles
having minimum diameters of 0.188 in. [4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the
anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in. [2.55 mm]. Micrometers with
pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 3 — This table was constructed by multiplying the values in the standard table by 0.75 and rounding
to 2 decimal places using standard ASTM practice.
A
The specified thickness captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
B
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, not tolerance
under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
C
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
TABLE A1.5
WIDTH TOLERANCESA OF HOT-ROLLED MILL EDGE
SHEET (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Width Tolerance,
Over Only, mm
Specified Width, mm
Over
Through
Carbon
HSLA
300
600
1200
1500
1800
600
1200
1500
1800
...
16
26
32
35
48
16
28
38
45
50
A
The above tolerances do not apply to the uncropped ends of mill
edge coils (9.1.1.1).
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A1.6
WIDTH TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED CUT EDGE
SHEET AND COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Not Resquared Coils and Cut Lengths, Including Pickled)
Specified Width, mm
TABLE A1.9
CAMBER TOLERANCESA FOR HOT-ROLLED
(INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(OVER 300 mm WIDTH) (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths, not Resquared)
Over
Through
Width Tolerance,
Over Only, mm
300
600
1200
1500
1800
600
1200
1500
1800
...
3
5
6
8
10
TABLE A1.7
LENGTH TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths not Resquared, Including Pickled)
Specified Length, mm
Over
Through
Length Tolerance,
Over Only, mm
300
600
900
1500
3000
4000
5000
6000
600
900
1500
3000
4000
5000
6000
...
6
8
12
20
25
35
40
45
Through 600
...
1.5
2.5
1.5
2.5
...
1.5
2.5
3.0
1200
1800
2400
3000
3700
4300
4900
5500
6000
9000
12 200
4
5
6
8
10
13
16
19
22
32
38
The camber tolerance for coils is 25.0 mm in any 6000 mm.
Out-of-square is the greatest deviation of an end edge from a
straight line at right angle to a side and touching one corner. It is
also obtained by measuring the difference between the diagonals of
the cut length. The out-of-square deviation is one half of that difference. The tolerance for all thicknesses and all sizes is 1.0 mm/
100 mm of width or fraction thereof.
TABLE A1.11
RESTRICTED SQUARENESS TOLERANCES OF HOTROLLED (INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED
SHEET (OVER 300 mm WIDTH) (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths)
Over 600 to
1200, incl Over 1200
3.0
4.0
5.0
...
1200
1800
2400
3000
3700
4300
4900
5500
6000
9000
TABLE A1.10
OUT-OF-SQUARE TOLERANCES OF HOT-ROLLED CUTEDGE (INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED
SHEET (OVER 300 mm WIDTH) (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths not Resquared)
Diameters, mm
Through
Camber TolerancesA, mm
A
Tolerances Over Specified
Diameter, mm, (No Tolerances Under)
Over
Through
NOTE 1 — Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a
straight line, the measurement being taken on the concave side with a
straightedge.
TABLE A1.8
DIAMETER TOLERANCES OF CIRCLES FROM HOTROLLED (INCLUDING PICKLED) AND COLD-ROLLED
SHEET (OVER 300 mm WIDTH)
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
Specified ThicknessA, mm
Cut Length, mm
Over
5.0
5.5
6.5
A
1.8 mm minimum thickness for hot-rolled high-strength low-alloy
steel sheet.
When cut lengths are specified resquared, the width and the length are
not less than the dimensions specified. The individual tolerance for overwidth, overlength, camber, or out-of-square should not exceed 1.6 mm
up to and including 1200 mm in width and up to and including 3000 mm
in length. For cut lengths wider or longer, the applicable tolerance is
3.2 mm.
1076
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
TABLE A1.12
FLATNESS TOLERANCESA OF TEMPER ROLLED OR PICKLED HOT-ROLLED SHEET
CUT LENGTHSB (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
Flatness ToleranceC, mm Specified Yield
Strength, min, MPaD
Specified Thickness, mm
Over
Through
Specified Width, mm
Under 310
310 to 340
MPa Yield
Point, min,
MPa
1.2
1.5
1.5
4.5
4.5
6.0 excl
to 900, incl
over 900 to 1500, incl
over 1500
to 1500, incl
over 1500 to 1800, incl
over 1800
to 1500, incl
over 1500 to 1800, incl
over 1800
15
20
25
15
20
25
15
20
25
20
30
...
20
30
40
20
30
40
A
The above table also applies to lengths cut from coils by the consumer when adequate flattening operations are performed.
B
Application of this table to product in coil form is not appropriate unless the coil has been rolled out
and adequately flattened with all coil set removed.
C
Maximum deviation from a horizontal surface.
D
Tolerances for high-strength, low-alloy steels with specified minimum yield strength in excess of
340 MPa are subject to negotiation.
TABLE A1.13
FLATNESS TOLERANCESA OF NON-PROCESSED HOT-ROLLED SHEET CUT
LENGTHSB (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
Flatness ToleranceC, mm Specified Yield
Strength, min, MPaD
Specified Thickness, mm
Over
Through
Specified Width, mm
Under 310
310 to 340
MPa Yield
Point, min,
MPa
1.2
1.5
1.5
4.5
4.5
6.0 excl
to 900, incl
over 900 to 1500, incl
over 1500
to 1500, incl
over 1500 to 1800, incl
over 1800
to 1500, incl
over 1500 to 1800, incl
over 1800
45
60
75
45
60
75
45
60
75
60
90
...
60
90
120
60
90
120
A
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The above table also applies to lengths cut from coils by the consumer when adequate flattening operations are performed.
B
Application of this table to product in coil form is not appropriate unless the coil has been rolled out
and adequately flattened with all coil set removed.
C
Maximum deviation from a horizontal surface.
D
Tolerances for high-strength, low-alloy steels with specified minimum yield strength in excess of
340 MPa are subject to negotiation.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A1.14
STANDARD THICKNESS TOLERANCES [METRIC] FOR COLD-ROLLED SHEET (ALL DESIGNATIONS)A — 10 mm
MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCE
Specified Ordered Thickness, mmB
Specified Width, mm
Thickness Tolerances Over, mm, No Tolerance UnderC
Over
Through
Through 0.4
Over 0.4 to 1.0, incl
Over 1.0 to 1.2, incl
...
1800
2000
1800
2000
. . .D
0.10
. . .D
. . .D
0.15
0.15
0.30
0.20
0.20
0.30
Over 1.2 to 2.5, incl
0.25
0.30
0.35
Over 2.5 to 4.0, incl
0.30
0.35
0.40
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 10 mm from a side edge.
NOTE 2 — Widths up to and including 300 mm in this table apply to widths produced by slitting from wider sheet.
NOTE 3 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 4 — The thickness of material <25 mm wide shall be measured at mid-width.
A
0.55 mm minimum thickness for high-strength, low-alloy.
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
C
The tolerances provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance
is divided equally over and under.
D
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
TABLE A1.15
RESTRICTED THICKNESS TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET (ALL DESIGNATIONS)A — 25 mm MINIMUM
EDGE DISTANCE
Specified Ordered Thickness, mmB
Specified Width, mm
Thickness Tolerances Over, mm, No Tolerance UnderC
Over
Through
Through 0.4
Over 0.4 to 1.0, incl
Over 1.0 to 1.2, incl
...
1800
2000
1800
2000
. . .D
0.05
. . .D
. . .D
0.08
0.08
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.15
Over 1.2 to 2.5, incl
0.12
0.15
0.15
Over 2.5 to 4.0, incl
0.15
0.18
0.20
NOTE 1 — Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 25 mm from a side edge.
NOTE 2 — Widths up to and including 300 mm in this table apply to widths produced by slitting from wider sheet.
NOTE 3 — Micrometers used for measurement of thickness shall be constructed with anvils and spindles having minimum diameters of 0.188 in.
[4.80 mm]. The tip of the spindle shall be flat, and the tip of the anvil shall be flat or rounded with a minimum radius of curvature of 0.10 in.
[2.55 mm]. Micrometers with pointed tips are not suitable for thickness measurements.
NOTE 4 — This table was constructed by multiplying the values in the standard table by 0.50 and rounding to 2 decimal places using standard
ASTM practice.
NOTE 5 — The thickness of material <50 mm wide shall be measured at mid-width.
A
0.55 mm minimum thickness for high-strength, low-alloy.
The specified thickness range captions apply independent of whether the ordered thickness is stated as a nominal or minimum.
C
Th tolerance provided in the table are based on minimum thickness (tolerance over, no tolerance under). For nominal thickness, the tolerance is divided equally over and under.
D
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in the table, the requirements have not been defined.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE A1.16
LENGTH TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Cut Lengths Over 300 mm in Width, not Resquared)
Specified Length, mm
Over
Through
Tolerance Over Specified
Length (No Tolerance
Under), mm
300
1500
3000
6000
1500
3000
6000
...
6
20
35
45
TABLE A1.19
CAMBER TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET IN
COILS (ALL DESIGNATIONS)
(Coils to 300 mm in Width, Not Resquared)
Width, mm
Camber Tolerances
Through 300, incl
5.0 mm in any 2000 mm
NOTE 1 — Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a
straight line, the measurements being taken on the concave side with
a straightedge.
NOTE 2 — This table applies to widths produced by slitting from
wider sheet.
TABLE A1.17
LENGTH TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS) (Cut Length Sheets, to 300 mm in
Width, not Resquared)
Specified Length, mm
TABLE A1.20
FLATNESS TOLERANCES OF COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)A
Over
Through
Tolerances Over Specified
Length (No Tolerance
Under), mm
600
1500
3000
1500
3000
6000
15
20
25
Specified Width, mm
Specified
Thickness, mm Over
Through 1.0
NOTE 1 — This table applies to widths produced by slitting from
wider sheet.
Over 1.0
Specified Width, mm
Through
Width Tolerance, Over
and Under, mm
50
100
200
100
200
300
0.3
0.4
0.8
...
900
1500
...
900
1500
1800
Through
Under
310 MPa
310 to
340 MPaB
900
1500
...
900
1500
1800
...
10
15
20
8
10
15
20
20
30
40
20
20
30
40
A
Maximum deviation from a horizontal flat surface.
Tolerances for high-strength, low-alloy steel with specified minimum yield point in excess of 340 MPa are subject to negotiation.
B
NOTE 1 — This table applies to widths produced by slitting from
wider sheet.
A
0.50 mm thickness for high-strength, low-alloy.
1079
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Flatness Tolerance, mm
Specified Yield Point, min,
MPa
NOTE 1 — This table does not apply when product is ordered full
hard, to a hardness range or “annealed last” (dead soft).
NOTE 2 — This table also applies to lengths cut from coils by the
consumer when adequate flattening measures are performed.
NOTE 3 — Application of this table to product in coil form is not
appropriate unless the coil has been rolled out and adequately flattened
with all coil set removed.
TABLE A1.18
WIDTH TOLERANCES FOR COLD-ROLLED SHEET
(ALL DESIGNATIONS)A
(Coils and Cut Lengths to 300 mm in Width, not Resquared)
Over
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
APPENDICES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. AGING EFFECTS ON FORMABILITY OF
COLD-ROLLED CARBON-STEEL SHEET
PRODUCTS
and, as a result, batch-annealed low-carbon steels have
excellent resistance to aging.
X1.1 Cold-rolled carbon-steel sheet products exhibit
maximum formability in the annealed last, or dead-soft,
condition. However, many sheet products are not suitable
for exposed applications in the dead-soft condition because
Luder’s lines (sometimes referred to as “stretcher strains”
or “fluting”) may develop during subsequent forming. This
problem is avoided in most cases by temper rolling the
sheet after annealing. After temper rolling, however, some
sheet products are susceptible to aging. Aging refers to a
gradual increase in yield strength and corresponding
decrease in ductility during storage after temper rolling.
Aging always has a negative effect on formability and,
when aging leads to the redevelopment of an upper yield
point, can result in renewed susceptibility to fluting.
X1.2 Aging can occur when interstitial solute atoms,
carbon or nitrogen, are present in the steel. Solute carbon
or nitrogen atoms are those not chemically combined with
other elements in the steel (as carbides or nitrides, for
example). Over time, these carbon or nitrogen interstitial
solute atoms diffuse to crystalline imperfections within the
steel and, in so doing, give rise to aging. The extent to
which aging occurs depends on the interstitial solute level
and the combination of temperature and time to which the
steel is exposed after temper rolling. In general, higher
interstitial solute levels result in larger strength increases
during storage; the rate of aging increases with increasing
temperature. As described as follows, the final interstitial
solute level and aging characteristics depend on the chemical composition of the steel as well as specific sheet-processing methods used by the steel producer.
X1.3 Low-Carbon Steels — In conventional aluminumkilled low-carbon steels, the level of interstitial solute is
affected mainly through the formation of aluminum nitride
and iron carbides within the steel during processing, which
is influenced by the manner in which annealing is performed.
X1.3.1 Many sheet products are annealed in batches
of large, tightly wound coils. During heating, any solute
nitrogen present in the full-hard sheet combines with aluminum to form aluminum nitride. Subsequent cooling is very
slow and allows essentially all of the carbon to precipitate
as iron carbide. Final interstitial solute levels are very low
X1.3.1.1 Deep drawing steel (DDS) sheet typically is batch-annealed and has excellent aging resistance.
With temper rolling, DDS sheet is suitable for use in many
exposed applications with severe forming requirements.
X1.3.2 Cold-rolled low-carbon steels are sometimes processed in a continuous annealing line, in which
the full-hard sheet is uncoiled, passed through an annealing
furnace, and then rewound in a continuous manner. Heating
and cooling rates are much higher than those found in
batch annealing. The faster cooling, in particular, results
in higher levels of interstitial solute in the product as compared with batch annealing. The manner in which the sheet
is cooled can be controlled to minimize the solute carbon
level, and temper rolling is effective for reducing fluting
tendencies. However, continuous-annealed low-carbon
steels are more prone to subsequent aging than batchannealed steels.
X1.3.2.1 Low-carbon commercial steel (CS) and
drawing steel (DS) sheet are available as either batch- or
continuous-annealed products, depending on the facilities
of a given producer. To minimize aging effects in continuous-annealed products, rotation of stock by fabricating the
oldest material first is recommended.
X1.4 Interstitial-Free Steels — Interstitial-free steels
have essentially no interstitial solutes and, as a result, are
nonaging. Processing involves vacuum degassing during
refining of the liquid steel, as well as additions of elements
that form very stable carbides and nitrides, such as titanium
or columbium (niobium). These steps ensure that total
interstitial levels are very low, and that the interstitials are
all chemically combined (or stabilized) in the form of alloy
carbides or nitrides. Interstitial-free steels are nonaging
regardless of whether annealing is conducted in a continuous or batch manner.
X1.4.1 Extra-deep drawing steel (EDDS) must be
vacuum degassed and stabilized. This nonaging, interstitial-free product is suitable for exposed applications with
the most severe forming requirements.
X1.5 Bake-Hardenable Steels — Bake-hardenable
steels are a special product class with controlled interstitial
solute levels and aging behavior. These steels are processed
to have moderate aging resistance, to permit forming while
the steel is in its most ductile condition. Aging occurs
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largely during a subsequent thermal treatment (for example, paint-curing), which results in desirable hardening of
the final part for better durability.
X1.5.1 Continuous-annealed low-carbon steels can
exhibit significant bake-hardening, as well as certain vacuum-degassed and batch-annealed steels.
X2. STANDARD CHEMICAL RANGES AND
LIMITS
X2.1 Standard chemical ranges and limits are prescribed for carbon steels in Table X2.1 and Table X2.2.
X3. PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING
BREAKAGE ALLOWANCE LEVELS
(APPLICABLE TO CARBON STEEL SHEET
ONLY)
X3.1 In spite of the many extra precautions exercised in
making sheet for drawing purposes, certain manufacturing
variables may be encountered, all beyond the manufacturer’s reasonable control, which may contribute to breakage
in fabrication and must be considered as part of the normal
hazard of the purchaser’s use. The manufacturer will undertake to establish with the purchaser’s concurrence a breakage allowance level.
X3.2 Breakage, for the purpose of this proposal, is
defined as unrepairable parts, broken during drawing and
classed as scrap. Parts showing laminations, resulting from
pipe, may be excluded provided they are separately identified. Broken parts that can be salvaged are not covered in
this procedure.
X3.3 This procedure is intended to establish a breakage
allowance without the need for reinspection of each broken
stamping. It will apply to overall breakage on a given part
(as calculated by the method outlined below) in excess of
1% up to and including 8%. Inherent variations in steel
and normal variables in the stamping operation preclude
100% satisfactory performance. Therefore, it is accepted
that practical perfection is attained when 99% of the stampings are produced without breakage. When the overall
breakage is in excess of 8%, it is considered to be the
result of abnormal stamping conditions, and this method
does not apply.
X3.4 When there are two or more suppliers, the recommended procedure for determining a breakage allowance
for an identified part is based on the average percentage
of breakage of at least 75% of the blanks run on that part,
on one set of dies, during at least one month (3000 piece
minimum). The total production of all suppliers used to
obtain this 75% minimum is to be included in the calculation starting with the best performance. The average breakage thus determined shall be considered the allowance for
the part.
X3.4.1 Example:
Vendor
A
B
C
D
E
F
11
Parts Produced
Parts Scrap
32 466
27 856
67 120
56 200
40 900
850
225 392 total
630
579
1477
1349
1125
60
5220 total
% Scrap
1.94
2.08
2.20
2.40
2.75
7.05
2.32 avg
X3.4.2 Seventy-five percent of 225 392 equals to
169 044; therefore, it is necessary to include the total
production of vendors A, B, C, and D (A + B + C + D p
total production of 183 642 parts) since the total of A, B,
and C is only 127 442, which is less than 75% of the total.
Total production of 183 642 parts (A + B + C + D) with
4035 parts being rejected, results in a percentage allowance
of 2.20%. On this basis, vendors D, E, and F exceed the
allowance.
X4. PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING THE
EXTENT OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION
ENCOUNTERED IN FORMING OR
DRAWING
X4.1 Introduction
X4.1.1 The preferred method for determining plastic
strain is the circle grid and forming limit curve. The scribed
square and change in thickness methods may also be used
to evaluate deformation during the forming of a flat sheet
into the desired shape.
X4.2 Circle Grid Method
X4.2.1 The test system employs photographic or
electro-chemically etched circle patterns on the surface of
a sheet metal blank of known “quality” and a forming limit
curve for the evaluation of strains developed by forming
in press operations. It is useful in the laboratory and in
the press room. Selection from the various steels that are
commercially available can be done effectively by
employing this technique. In addition, corrective action in
die or part design to improve performance is indicated.
X4.2.2 The forming limit curve in Fig. X4.1 has
been developed from actual measurements of the major
(e1) and associated minor (e2) strains found in critical areas
of production type stampings. Strain combinations that
locate below this curve are safe, while those that fail above
the curve are critical. For analysis of metal strain on production stampings, one must recognize that day-to-day variations of material, lubrication, and die settings will affect
the strain level. To ensure trouble-free press performance
a zone below the forming limit curve bounded by the
dashed and solid lines is designated as the “safety band.”
Therefore, strain combinations falling below the dashed
lines should not exceed the forming limit curve in normal
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production operations. The left of zero portion of the curve
defines the limiting biaxial tension-compression strain
combination while the right side defines the forming limit
curve. Because the production stampings used to develop
for forming limit curve represented all qualities of lowcarbon light-gauge sheet steel, this single forming limit
curve can be used successfully for these products.
X4.2.3 The circle grid method can also be used for
other low-carbon sheet categories if the following adjustments to the forming limit curve are made:
X4.2.3.1 Material Thickness — As the metal thickness increases the forming limit curve shifts upwards in a
parallel manner, 0.2% (e 1 ) strain for each 0.025 mm
increase in metal thickness above 0.75 mm.
X4.2.3.2 Material Properties — When material
properties are considerably different from that of conventional low-carbon sheet steel (for example, higher strengthlow ductility), the forming limit curve is lower. The magnitude of the downgrade displacement is specific to each
material; therefore, current material information should be
consulted to determine placement of the forming limit
curve.
X4.3 Procedure
X4.3.1 Obtain a sheet sample of “known quality,”
the sheet quality being established by either supplier designation, consumer purchase order, or most preferred tensile
data obtained from a companion sheet sample.
X4.3.2 Obtain or prepare a negative on stencil with
selected circles in a uniform pattern. The circles may be
2.5 to 25.0 mm in diameter; the most convenient diameter
is 5.0 mm because it is easy to read and the gauge spacing
is short enough to show the maximum strain in a specific
location on the part.
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X4.3.3 The sheet metal blanks should be cleaned to
remove excess oil and dirt; however, some precoated sheets
can be etched without removing the coating. The area(s)
to be etched should be determined from observation of
panels previously formed; generally, the area that has a
split problem is selected for etching. Normally, the convex
side of the radius is gridded. If sufficient time is available,
the entire blank may be etched, since valuable information
can be obtained about the movement of metal in stamping
a part when strains can be evaluated in what may appear
to be noncritical areas. Additionally, for complex shapes
it may be desirable to etch both surfaces of blanks so that
the strains that occur in reverse draws can be determined.
for several hours at room temperature in a dark room. The
latter should be employed in materials that age and, hence,
become stronger when baked at 65°C. The negative is
placed on the emulsion, held intimately in contact with the
sheet, and exposed to a strong ultraviolet light source for
1 to 11⁄2 min. The sheet is developed for 30 to 45 s in KPR
developer, rinsed with water, and sprayed with alcohol to
set the resist. It is again rinsed with water and then sprayed
with KPR black dye to reveal the etched circles.
X4.3.5 In the electrochemical method, the etch pad
is saturated with an appropriate electrolyte. Various electrolytes are available from suppliers of the etching equipment. Some electrolytes are more effective than others
for etching certain surfaces, such as terne plate and other
metallic coated steels. A rust-inhibiting solution is preferred for steel sheets.
X4.3.6 A ground clamp for the transformer of suitable amperage (10 to 50 A is usually used) is fastened to
the blank and the second lead is attached to the etch pad.
Although the current may be turned on at this time, caution
should be taken not to lay the pad on the sheet blank as
it will arc. It is advisable to refrain from touching the metal
of the etch pad and the grounded sheet blank.
X4.3.7 The stencil is placed with the plastic coating
against the sheet surface in the area to be etched. Wetting
the stencil with a minimum amount of electrolyte will
assist in smoothing out the wrinkles and gives a more
uniform etch. The etch pad is now positioned on the stencil
and the current turned on, if it is not already on. Apply
suitable pressure to the pad. Only the minimum time necessary to produce a clear etched pattern should be used. The
etching time will vary with the amperage available from
the power source and the stencil area, as well as the pad
area in contact with the stencil. Rocker-type etch pads give
good prints and require less amperage than flat-surfaced
pads. Excessive current causes stencil damage.
X4.3.8 The etching solution activates the surface of
the metal and may cause rusting unless it is inhibited. After
the desired area has been etched, the blank should be wiped
or rinsed, dried, and neutralized.
X4.3.9 The etched blank is now ready for forming.
The lubricants and press conditions should simulate production situations. If a sequence of operations is used in
forming a part, it is desirable to etch sufficient blanks so
that each operation can be studied.
X4.3.4 The sheet metal blanks may be etched by a
photographic or electrochemical method. In the former
method of photosensitive solution, for example, 50%
Kodak Photo Resist (KPR) emulsion and 50% KPR-thinner, is sprayed onto the sheet. The emulsion is dried by
baking the sheet at 65°C for 15 min or by just standing it
X4.4 Measurement of Strain After Forming
X4.4.1 After forming, the circles are generally distorted into elliptical shapes (Fig. X4.2). These ellipses have
major and minor strain axes. The major strain (e1) is always
defined to be the direction in which the greatest positive
strain has occurred without regard to original blank edges
or the sheet rolling direction. The minor strain (e 2) is
defined to be 90° to the major strain direction.
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X4.4.2 There are several methods for determining
the major and minor strains of the formed panel. Typical
tools are a pair of dividers and a scale ruled in 0.5 mm.
For sharp radii, a thin plastic scale that can follow the
contour of the stamping can be used to determine the
dimensions of the ellipses. (Scales are available to read
the percent strain directly.)
X4.5 Evaluation of Strain Measurements
X4.5.1 The e1 strain is always positive while the e2
strain may be zero, positive, or negative, as indicated on
the forming limit curve chart (Fig. X4.1). The maximum
e1 and associated e2 values measured in critical areas on
the formed part are plotted on the graph paper containing
the forming limit curve by locating the point of intersections of the e1, e2 strains.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
X4.5.2 If this point is on or below the “safety band”
of the forming limit curve, the strain should not cause
breakage. Points further below the curve indicate that a
less ductile material of a lower grade may be applied.
Points above the “safety band” show that fabrication has
induced strains that could result in breakage. Therefore, in
evaluation on stampings exhibiting these strains, efforts
should be made to provide an e1, e2 strain combination
that would lie on or below the “safety band” of the forming
limit curve. A different e1, e2 strain combination can be
obtained through changes of one or more of the forming
variables such as die conditions, lubricants, blank size,
thickness, or material grade. It should be noted at this time
that these conclusions are derived from a reference base
being the steel “quality” used to fabricate the grid stamping.
X4.5.3 When attempting to change the relationship
of e1 and e2 strains, it should be noted that on the forming
limit curve the most severe condition for a given e1 strain
is at 0% e2 strain. This means the metal works best when
it is allowed to deform in two dimensions, e1 and e2, rather
than being restricted in one dimension. A change in e2 to
decrease the severity can be made by changing one of the
previously mentioned forming variables of the die design,
for example, improving lubrication on the tension-tension
side will increase e2 and decrease the severity.
X4.5.4 In addition to the forming limit curve, the e1e2
strain measurements may be used to evaluate the material
requirements on the basis of strain gradients, as illustrated
in Fig. X4.3, or by plotting contours of equivalent strain
levels on the surface of the formed part. Even when the
level of strain is relatively low, parts in which the e1 strain
is changing rapidly either in magnitude or direction over
a short span on the surface may require more ductile grades
of sheet metal, change in lubrication, or change in part
design.
X4.6 Example of Major and Minor Strain Distribution
X4.6.1 A formed panel (Fig. X4.4) with a cross
section as shown in Fig. X4.3 is used to illustrate major
and minor strain combinations. A plot of the major strain
distribution should be made by finding the ellipse with the
largest major strain (circle 7) and measuring both the major
and minor strains in the row of ellipses running in the
direction of the major strain. The solid dots (Fig. X4.3)
are the measured major strains for each ellipse. The Xs
are the critical major strains as determined from the forming limit curve at the corresponding minor strain (intersection of the measured minor strain and the severity curve).
X4.6.2 Usually a single row of ellipses will suffice to
determine the most severe strain distribution. The resulting
strain distribution plot (Fig. X4.3) illustrates both severity
of the strain compared to the critical strain limits and
the concentration of strain in the stamping. Steep strain
gradients should be avoided because they are inherent to
fracture sites.
X4.7 Example for Reducing Splitting Tendency
X4.7.1 In an area such as that represented in
Fig. X4.3, the splitting tendency can be reduced as follows:
X4.7.1.1 If the radius of the part in the region of
circle 1 is increased, some strain can be induced to take
place in this area which will allow the major strain in circle
7 to be reduced sufficiently to bring the strain combination
below the critical limit. This course of action requires no
binding nor reshaping of the punch, only grinding in the
radius.
X4.7.1.2 The total average major strain required
to make this formation is only 17.5%; yet in a 5.0 mm
circle the strain is as high as 40%. The strain distribution
curve puts forth graphically the need to distribute the strain
over the length of the time by some means as described
above.
X4.7.1.3 Change in lubrication can also improve
the strain distribution of a stamping. If the strain over the
punch is critical, the amount of stretch (strain) required to
make the shape can be reduced by allowing metal to flow
in over the punch by decreasing the friction through the
use of a more effective lubricant in the hold-down era.
X4.7.1.4 If the part is critical, a change in material
may help. That is, a material having a better uniform elongation will distribute the strain more uniformly or a material having a higher “r” value will make it possible to
“draw” in more metal from the hold-down area so that less
stretch is necessary to form the part.
X4.8 Scribed Square Method
X4.8.1 The basic technique is to draw a panel from
a blank that has been scribed both longitudinally and transversely with a series of parallel lines spaced at 25.0 mm
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intervals. The lines on the panel are measured after drawing
and the stretch or draw calculated as the percent increase
in area of a 25.0 mm square. This is a fairly simple procedure for panels having generous radii and fairly even stretch
or draw. Many major panels fall in this category, and in
these instances it is quite easy to pick out the square area
exhibiting the greatest increase.
X4.8.2 If the square or line to be measured is no
longer a flat surface, place a narrow strip of masking (or
other suitable tape) on the formed surface and mark the
points which are to be measured. Remove the tape, place
on a plane surface, and determine the distance between
the points with a steel scale.
in the sheet and results in narrow strips of differing lengths,
as shown in Fig. X5.1(b). Using the length of one of
these strips as a reference (Lref), the I-unit value (I) for an
individual strip is defined as:
I p (DL/Lref ) ⴛ 105
where:
⌬L p is the difference between the length of a given
strip and the reference strip
X5.1.4 For the special case of waves/buckles that are
perfectly sinusoidal in character, the following relationship
applies:
X4.8.3 There will be cases of minor increase in
area with major elongation in the one direction. In these
instances, the percent elongation should be recorded.
X4.9 Thickness Method
X4.9.1 There are instances when the maximum
stretch is continued to an area smaller than 645 mm2 or the
shape of the square has been distorted irregularly, making
measurements difficult and calculation inaccurate. When
either of these conditions exists, an electronic thickness
gauge may be used at the area in question or this area may
be sectioned and the decrease in metal thickness measured
with a ball-point micrometer. The increase in unit area can
be calculated by dividing the original thickness by the final
thickness.
X4.9.2 Example: Assuming the blank thickness to
be 0.80 mm and the final thickness to be 0.60 mm, the
increase in unit area would be a [(0.80 − 0.60)/0.80] ⴛ
100 p 25% increase.
X5.1 Introduction and Definitions
X5.1.1 In addition to the conventional expression of
flatness, the “maximum deviation from a horizontal flat
surface,” at least two other flatness parameters have been
developed and are in use for characterizing sheet with
longitudinal waves or buckles. These are steepness index
and flatness index (or “I-unit”), that are illustrated using
the example in Fig. X5.1.
X5.1.2 Steepness Index — Fig. X5.1(a) shows a representation of a sheet sample exhibiting edge waves of height,
H, and interval, L. The steepness index value for this sample
is define as:
steepness index p H/L
Often, the steepness value is expressed as a percentage:
% steepness p S p (H/ L) ⴛ 100
X5.1.3 I-Units — Making a series of lengthwise cuts
to the sample in Fig. X5.1(a) relaxes elastic stresses present
Ip
冤 冢 冣 冢 冣冥
␲
2
H
L
2
ⴛ 105
or:
I p 24.7S2
Table X5.1 provides I-unit values based on the sinusoidal
approximation for wave heights up to 1⁄2 in. (increments of
1
⁄32 in.) and intervals between 10 and 40 in. (increments
of 1 in.). Mathematical relationships between the three
representations of flatness described here are given in
Table X5.2; these relationships can be used to convert
between I-unit, % steepness, and wave height values (see
examples in Table X5.2).
X5.2 Flatness Evaluation Example and Determination of I-Unit or % Steepness Value
X5.2.1 While the strip is on an inspection table, find
the locations on the strip that are not lying flat on the table.
If no flatness deviation can be found, that portion of the
coil (head/middle/tail) can be described as flat (that is, zero
I-unit or zero % steepness).
X5.2.2 If the coil is not totally flat, the height of the
deviation must be determined and recorded. If the coil has
edge waves, a step gauge (incremented in intervals of 1⁄16
or 1⁄32 in.) can be inserted under a wave to determine the
height. If the coil exhibits flatness deviation in the center
of the strip, a lightweight straight edge can be placed on
the highest portion of the buckle and on the highest portion
of the next repeating buckle. The height can then be determined by inserting a step gauge between the straight edge
and the strip.
X5.2.3 Along with the height, the wave period or
wave interval must also be determined. The wave interval
can be obtained by using a standard tape measure or straight
edge to measure the distance between the highest point
of one flatness deviation to the highest point of the next
repeating flatness deviation.
1084
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X5.2.4 After determining height and wave interval,
either the I-unit or % steepness value can be obtained. To
determine the I-unit flatness, locate the appropriate height
and wave interval in Table X5.1 and read the I-unit value
at the intersection of the two measurements. To determine
% steepness, divide the height by the wave interval and
multiply the result by 100.
FIG. X4.1 FORMING LIMIT CURVE
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
FIG. X4.4 FORMED PANEL AND CROSS SECTION
FIG. X4.2 MAJOR AND MINOR STRAIN AXES
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
FIG. X4.3 GRAPH OF MAJOR STRAINS AND
CRITICAL MAJOR STRAINS AND CROSS SECTION
OF ETCHED PANEL
FIG. X5.1 REPRESENTATION OF SHEET SAMPLE
WITH EDGE WAVES (a) AND STRIPS OF DIFFERING
LENGTH THAT RESULT FROM MAKING
LONGITUDINAL CUTS ALONG THE SAMPLE (b)
1086
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-568/SA-568M
TABLE X2.1
STANDARD STEELS — CARBON SHEET STEEL COMPOSITIONS
Chemical Composition Limits, %
Steel
Designation No.
C
Mn
P max
S max
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006A
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1012
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1025
1026
1030
1033
1035
1037
1038
1039
1040
1042
1043
1045
1046
1049
1050
1055
1060
1064
1065
1070
1074
1078
1080
1084
1085
1086
1090
1095
1524
1527
1536
1541
1548
1552
0.01 max
0.02 max
0.04 max
0.02/0.06
0.06 max
0.02/0.08
0.08 max
0.02/0.10
0.10 max
0.15 max
0.08–0.13
0.10–0.15
0.13–0.18
0.13–0.18
0.15–0.20
0.15–0.20
0.15–0.20
0.18–0.23
0.18–0.23
0.18–0.23
0.20–0.25
0.22–0.28
0.22–0.28
0.28–0.34
0.30–0.36
0.32–0.38
0.32–0.38
0.35–0.42
0.37–0.44
0.37–0.44
0.40–0.47
0.40–0.47
0.43–0.50
0.43–0.50
0.46–0.53
0.48–0.55
0.50–0.60
0.55–0.65
0.59–0.70
0.60–0.70
0.65–0.75
0.70–0.80
0.72–0.85
0.75–0.88
0.80–0.93
0.80–0.93
0.80–0.93
0.85–0.98
0.90–1.03
0.19–0.25
0.22–0.29
0.30–0.37
0.36–0.44
0.44–0.52
0.47–0.55
0.35 max
0.35 max
0.35 max
0.35 max
0.35 max
0.45 max
0.45 max
0.50 max
0.50 max
0.60 max
0.30–0.60
0.30–0.60
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.30–0.60
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.60–0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
0.50–0.80
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
0.50–0.80
0.30–0.60
0.60–0.90
0.60–0.90
0.70–1.00
0.30–0.50
0.69–0.90
0.30–0.50
1.35–1.65
1.20–1.50
1.20–1.50
1.35–1.65
1.10–1.40
1.20–1.50
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
NOTE — When silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly used.
To 1015, excl
0.10 max
1015 to 1025, incl
0.10 max, 0.10–0.25, or 0.15–0.30
Over 1025
0.10–0.25 or 0.15–0.30
1087
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE X2.2
STANDARD CHEMICAL RANGES AND LIMITS
Carbon Steels Only, Cast or Heat Analysis
Element
Carbon (see Note)
Maximum Specified Element,
%
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
to 0.15, incl
0.15 to 0.30, incl
0.30 to 0.40, incl
0.40 to 0.60, incl
0.60 to 0.80, incl
0.80 to 1.35, incl
to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to 1.15, incl
over 1.15 to 1.65, incl
to 0.08, incl
over 0.08 to 0.015, incl
to 0.08, incl
over 0.08 to 0.15, incl
over 0.15 to 0.23, incl
over 0.23 to 0.33, incl
to 0.15, incl
over 0.15 to 0.30, incl
over 0.30 to 0.60, incl
When copper is required 0.20
min is commonly specified.
over
over
over
over
over
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Copper
Range
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.14
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.08
0.15
0.30
Lowest
max
0.08
0.40
0.030A
0.035A
0.10
NOTE 1 — The carbon ranges shown in the column headed “Range” apply when the specified maximum
limit for manganese does not exceed 1.00%. When the maximum manganese limit exceeds 1.00%, add 0.01
to the carbon ranges shown below.
A
Certain individual specifications provide for lower standard limits for phosphorus and sulfur.
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2
10
22
39
60
87
118
154
195
241
292
347
408
473
543
618
10
2
8
18
32
50
72
98
128
161
199
241
287
337
391
449
510
11
2
7
15
27
42
60
82
107
136
168
203
241
283
328
377
429
12
1
6
13
23
36
51
70
91
116
143
173
206
241
280
321
365
13
1
5
11
20
31
44
60
79
100
123
149
177
208
241
277
315
14
1
4
10
17
27
39
53
69
87
107
130
154
181
210
241
274
15
1
4
8
15
24
34
46
60
76
94
114
136
159
185
212
241
16
1
3
8
13
21
30
41
53
68
83
101
120
141
164
188
214
17
1
3
7
12
19
27
36
48
60
74
90
107
126
146
168
191
18
1
3
6
11
17
24
33
43
54
67
81
96
113
131
150
171
19
21
22
23
24
0
2
3
6
10
14
19
25
31
39
47
56
65
76
87
99
25
0
1
3
6
9
13
17
23
29
36
43
51
60
70
80
91
26
Wavelength (mm)
1
1
0
0
0
2
2
2
2
2
5
5
4
4
4
10
9
8
7
7
15 14 12 11 10
22 20 18 16 15
30 27 24 22 21
39 35 32 29 27
49 44 40 37 34
60 55 50 46 42
73 66 60 55 51
87 79 72 66 60
102 92 84 77 71
118 107 98 89 82
136 123 112 103 94
154 140 128 117 107
20
Wavelength (in.)
0
1
3
5
8
12
16
21
27
33
40
48
56
65
74
85
27
0
1
3
5
8
11
15
20
25
31
37
44
52
60
69
79
28
0
1
3
5
7
10
14
18
23
29
35
41
48
56
65
73
29
0
1
2
4
7
10
13
17
22
27
32
39
45
53
60
69
30
0
1
2
4
6
9
12
16
20
25
30
36
42
49
56
64
31
0
1
2
4
6
8
12
15
19
24
29
34
40
46
53
60
32
0
1
2
4
6
8
11
14
18
22
27
32
37
43
50
57
33
0
1
2
3
5
8
10
13
17
21
25
30
35
41
47
53
34
0
1
2
3
5
7
10
13
16
20
24
28
33
39
44
50
35
0
1
2
3
5
7
9
12
15
19
23
27
31
36
42
48
36
0
1
2
3
4
6
9
11
14
18
21
25
30
35
40
45
37
0
1
2
3
4
6
8
11
14
17
20
24
28
33
38
43
38
0
1
1
3
4
6
8
10
13
16
19
23
27
31
36
41
39
0
1
1
2
4
5
7
10
12
15
18
22
25
30
34
39
40
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
1
4
9
16
25
36
48
63
80
99
120
142
167
194
222
253
286
320
357
395
1
3
7
13
20
29
40
52
66
82
99
118
138
160
184
209
236
265
295
327
1
3
6
11
17
25
34
44
56
69
83
99
116
134
154
176
198
222
248
274
1
2
5
9
15
21
29
37
47
58
71
84
99
115
132
150
169
189
211
234
1
2
5
8
13
18
25
32
41
50
61
73
85
99
113
129
146
163
182
202
0
2
4
7
11
16
22
28
36
44
53
63
74
86
99
112
127
142
159
176
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
10
9
8
7
14 12 11 10
19 17 15 13
25 22 20 18
31 28 25 22
39 34 30 27
47 41 37 33
56 49 44 39
65 58 52 46
76 67 60 54
87 77 69 62
99 88 78 70
112 99 88 79
125 111 99 89
139 123 110 99
154 137 122 109
0
1
2
4
6
9
12
16
20
25
30
36
42
48
56
63
71
80
89
99
0
1
2
4
6
8
11
14
18
22
27
32
38
44
50
57
65
73
81
90
0
1
2
3
5
7
10
13
17
20
25
29
34
40
46
52
59
66
74
82
0
1
2
3
5
7
9
12
15
19
23
27
32
37
42
48
54
61
67
75
0
1
2
3
4
6
8
11
14
17
21
25
29
34
39
44
50
56
62
69
0
1
1
3
4
6
8
10
13
16
19
23
27
31
36
40
46
51
57
63
0
1
1
2
4
5
7
9
12
15
18
21
25
29
33
37
42
47
53
58
0
1
1
2
3
5
7
9
11
14
16
20
23
27
30
35
39
44
49
54
0
1
1
2
3
5
6
8
10
13
15
18
21
25
28
32
36
41
45
50
0
0
1
2
3
4
6
8
10
12
14
17
20
23
26
30
34
38
42
47
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
11
13
16
19
22
25
28
32
36
40
44
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
10
12
15
17
20
23
26
30
33
37
41
0
0
1
2
2
3
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
19
22
25
28
31
35
39
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
6
7
9
11
13
15
18
20
23
26
29
33
36
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
10
12
14
17
19
22
25
28
31
34
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
10
12
14
16
18
21
23
26
29
32
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
11
13
15
17
20
22
25
28
30
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
12
14
16
18
21
23
26
29
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
6
7
8
10
12
13
15
18
20
22
25
27
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
26
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
25
Wave
Height
(mm) 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 425 450 475 500 525 550 575 600 625 650 675 700 725 750 775 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 975 1000
⁄32
1
⁄16
3
⁄32
1
⁄8
5
⁄32
3
⁄16
7
⁄32
1
⁄4
9
⁄32
5
⁄16
11
⁄32
3
⁄8
13
⁄32
7
⁄16
15
⁄32
1
⁄2
1
Wave
Height
in.
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TABLE X5.1
I-UNIT CONVERSION CHART
2010 SECTION II, PART A
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SA-568/SA-568M
SA-568/SA-568M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE X5.2
FLATNESS CONVERSION FACTORSA
I Unit
I Unit (I )
Height (H )
(peak to peak)
% Steepness (S )
Height
2L
␲
1
冢 2L 冣
H␲
2
冪I 10
105
−5
1
(LS)
100
2
2.5 (␲ S)
% Steepness
2
␲
冪I 10
−1
(100H)
L
1
A
Examples — (1) Assume % steepness is given as 1.5 and the corresponding I-unit value is desired. From
Table X5.2, I p 2.5(␲S) 2 p 2.5[(3.14)(1.5)] 2 p 55.5.
(2) Assume an I-unit value of 25 is given and the corresponding % steepness is desired. From
1
1
Table X5.2, S p 2/␲(I ⴛ 10−1) ⁄2 p 2/3.14 (25 ⴛ 10−1) ⁄2 p 1.0.
NOTE 1 — “L” is the wave interval as defined in Fig. X5.1(a).
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-572/SA-572M
SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH-STRENGTH LOW-ALLOY
COLUMBIUM-VANADIUM STRUCTURAL STEEL
SA-572 /SA-572M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 572 /A 572M-06.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers five grades of highstrength low-alloy structural steel shapes, plates, sheet piling, and bars. Grades 42 [290], 50 [345], and 55 [380] are
intended for riveted, bolted, or welded structures. Grades
60 [415] and 65 [450] are intended for riveted or bolted
construction of bridges, or for riveted, bolted, or welded
construction in other applications.
1.2 For applications, such as welded bridge construction, where notch toughness is important, notch toughness
requirements are to be negotiated between the purchaser
and the producer.
1.3 The use of columbium, vanadium, titanium, nitrogen, or combinations thereof, within the limitations noted
in Section 5, is required; the selection of type (1, 2, 3, or
5) is at the option of the producer, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. (See Supplementary Requirement
S90.)
1.4 The maximum thicknesses available in the grades
and products covered by this specification are shown in
Table 1.
1.5 When the steel is to be welded, a welding procedure
suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service
is to be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification
A 6 /A 6M for information on weldability.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system is to be used independently of the other, without
combining values in any way.
1.7 The text of this specification contains notes or
footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material. Such
notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures,
do not contain any mandatory requirements.
1.8 For structural products produced from coil and
furnished without heat treatment or with stress relieving
only, the additional requirements, including additional testing requirements and the reporting of additional tests, of
A 6 /A 6M apply.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 6 /A 6M Specification for General Requirements for
Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet
Piling
A 36 /A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A 514 /A 514M Specification for High-Yield-Strength,
Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for
Welding
3.
General Requirements for Delivery
3.1 Structural products furnished under this specification shall conform to the requirements of the current edition
of Specification A 6 /A 6M, for the specific structural product ordered, unless a conflict exists in which case this
specification shall prevail.
3.2 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specification until they are processed into a finished structural
product. Structural products produced from coil means
structural products that have been cut to individual lengths
from a coil. The processor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operations involved in the processing of a coil
into a finished structural product. Such operations include
decoiling, leveling or straightening, hot-forming or coldforming (if applicable), cutting to length, testing, inspection, conditioning, heat treatment (if applicable), packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.
1091
NOTE 1 — For structural products produced from coil and furnished
without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, two test results are
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SA-572/SA-572M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
to be reported for each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regarding
structural products produced from coil are described in A 6 /A 6M.
6.
Mechanical Properties
6.1 Tensile Properties:
4.
6.1.1 The material as represented by the test specimens shall conform to the tensile properties given in
Table 4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The steel shall be semi-killed or killed.
5.
Chemical Composition
5.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements
prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3.
7.
Keywords
7.1 bars; bolted construction; bridges; buildings;
columbium-vanadium; high-strength; low-alloy; plates;
riveted construction; shapes; sheet piling; steel; structural
steel; welded construction
5.2 The steel shall conform on product analysis to the
requirements prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3, subject to
the product analysis tolerances in Specification A 6 /A 6M.
TABLE 1
MAXIMUM PRODUCT THICKNESS OR SIZE
Yield Point,
min
Maximum Thickness or Size
Plates and
Bars
Structural Shapes
Flange or Leg
Thickness
Grade
ksi
[MPa]
in.
[mm]
in.
[mm]
Sheet Piling
Zees and
Rolled Tees
42 [290]A
50 [345]A
55 [380]
60 [415]A
65 [450]
42
50
55
60
65
[290]
[345]
[380]
[415]
[450]
6
4B
2
11⁄4C
11⁄4
[150]
[100]B
[50]
[32]C
[32]
all
all
all
2
2
all
all
all
[50]
[50]
all
all
all
all
not available
all
all
all
all
all
A
In the above tabulation, Grades 42, 50, and 60 [290, 345, and 415], are the yield point levels most closely
approximating a geometric progression pattern between 36 ksi [250 MPa], min, yield point steels covered
by Specification A 36/A 36M and 100 ksi [690 MPa], min yield strength steels covered by Specification
A 514/A 514M.
B
Round bars up to and including 11 in. [275 mm] in diameter are permitted.
C
Round bars up to and including 31⁄2 in. [90 mm] in diameter are permitted.
1092
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-572/SA-572M
TABLE 2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTSA
(Heat Analysis)
Silicon
Diameter, Thickness,
Structural
or Distance
Shapes Flange
Between Parallel
or Leg
Faces, in. [mm]
Thickness in.
Plates and Bars
[mm]
6 [150]
4 [100]E
2 [50]F
11⁄4 [32]F
>1⁄2 – 11⁄4 [13–32]
≤1⁄2 [13]H
all
all
all
≤2 [50]
>1–2 [25–50]
≤1H
Grade
42 [290]
50 [345]
55 [380]
60 [415]
65 [450]
65 [450]
Carbon,
max, Manganese,B
%
max, %
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.26
0.23
0.26
Plates to 11⁄2 in.
[40 mm] Thick,
Shapes with Flange
or Leg Thickness to 3
in. [75 mm] Inclusive,
Sulfur, Sheet Piling, Bars,
Phosphorus, max,
Zees, and Rolled
max, %
%
TeesC, max, %
1.35D
1.35D
1.35D
1.35D
1.65
1.35
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
A
Plates Over 11⁄2 in.
[40 mm] Thick and
Shapes with Flange
Thickness Over 3 in.
[75 mm], range, %
0.15–0.40
0.15–0.40
0.15–0.40
G
G
G
Copper when specified shall have a minimum content of 0.20% by heat analysis (0.18% by product analysis).
Manganese, minimum, by heat analysis of 0.80% (0.75% by product analysis) shall be required for all plates over 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in thickness;
a minimum of 0.50% (0.45% by product analysis) shall be required for plates 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] and less in thickness, and for all other products.
The manganese to carbon ratio shall not be less than 2 to 1.
C
Bars over 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] in diameter, thickness, or distance between parallel faces shall be made by a killed steel practice.
D
For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above the
specified maximum is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.60%.
E
Round bars up to and including 11 in. [275 mm] in diameter are permitted.
F
Round bars up to and including 31⁄2 in. [90 mm] in diameter are permitted.
G
The size and grade is not described in this specification.
H
An alternative chemical requirement with a maximum carbon of 0.21% and a maximum manganese of 1.65% is permitted, with the balance
of the elements as shown in Table 2.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 3
ALLOY CONTENT
TypeA
Elements
Heat
Analysis, %
1
2
3
ColumbiumB
Vanadium
ColumbiumB
Vanadium
Columbium plus vanadium
Titanium
Nitrogen
Vanadium
0.005–0.05C
0.01–0.15
0.005–0.05C
0.01–0.15
0.02–0.15D
0.006–0.04
0.003–0.015
0.06 max
5
A
Alloy content shall be in accordance with Type 1, 2, 3, or 5 and the contents of the applicable elements
shall be reported on the test report.
B
Columbium shall be restricted to the following thicknesses and sizes unless killed steel is furnished. Killed
steel shall be confirmed by a statement of killed steel on the test report, or by a report on the presence of
a sufficient quantity of a strong deoxidizing element, such as silicon at 0.10% or higher, or aluminum at
0.015% or higher. See table below.
C
Product analysis limits p 0.004 to 0.06%.
D
Product analysis limits p 0.01 to 0.16%.
Maximum Plate, Bar, Sheet
Piling, Zees, and Rolled Maximum Structural Shape Flange or
Tee Thicknesses, in. [mm]
Leg Thickness, in. [mm]
Grades
3
⁄4
[20]
1
⁄2
[13]
42, 50, and 55
[290, 345, and 380]
60 and 65
[415 and 450]
1.5
[40]
1
[25]
TABLE 4
TENSILE REQUIREMENTSA
Yield Point, min
Tensile Strength, min
Minimum Elongation, %B, C, D
Grade
ksi
[MPa]
ksi
[MPa]
in 8 in.
[200 mm]
in 2 in.
[50 mm]
42 [290]
50 [345]
55 [380]
60 [415]
65 [450]
42
50
55
60
65
[290]
[345]
[380]
[415]
[450]
60
65
70
75
80
[415]
[450]
[485]
[520]
[550]
20
18
17
16
15
24
21
20
18
17
A
See specimen Orientation under the Tension Tests section of Specification A 6/A 6M.
Elongation not required to be determined for floor plate.
C
For wide flange shapes over 426 lb/ft [634 kg/m], elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] of 19% minimum applies.
D
For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the elongation requirement is reduced two percentage points for
Grades 42, 50, and 55 [290, 345, and 380], and three percentage points for Grades 60 and 65 [415 and
450]. See elongation requirement adjustments in the Tension Tests Section of Specification A 6/A 6M.
B
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-572/SA-572M
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order or contract.
Standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are listed
in Specification A 6 /A 6M. Those that are considered suitable for use with this specification
are listed by title:
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test
S30.
S18.
Maximum Tensile Strength
S32.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test for Structural
Shapes: Alternate Core Location
Single Heat Bundles
In addition, the following supplementary requirements are suitable for use:
S81.
Tensile Strength
S90. Type
S90.1 The specific type of steel shall be as specified
by the purchaser in the order or contract.
3
⁄4
S81.1 For Grade 50 [345] steel of thicknesses in.
[20 mm] and less, the tensile strength shall be a minimum
of 70 ksi [485 MPa].
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
1096
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-574
SPECIFICATION FOR ALLOY STEEL
SOCKET-HEAD CAP SCREWS
SA-574
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 574-04⑀1 except that Table 1 on chemical requirements has been deleted and Supplementary Requirement S1
is now mandatory. Paragraphs 6.1 and 6.2 have been revised to refer to Table S1.1 and para. 6.3 has been deleted.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for
quenched and tempered alloy steel hexagon socket-head
cap screws, 0.060 through 4 in. in diameter where high
strength is required.
NOTE 1 — A complete metric companion to Specification A 574 has
been developed—A 574M; therefore no metric equivalents are presented
in this specification.
1.2 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the
test method portion, Section 12, of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
E 3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E 384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of
Materials
F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F 788 /F 788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of
Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
2.3 Federal Standard:
H-28 Handbook of Thread Dimensions
3.
Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Definitions of discontinuities covered by 10.2
follow:
3.1.2 crack — clean crystalline break passing through
the grain or grain boundary without inclusion of foreign
elements.
3.1.3 inclusions — particles of nonmetallic impurities, usually oxides, sulfides, silicates, and such, which are
mechanically held in the steel during solidification.
3.1.4 nicks or pits — depressions or indentations in
the surface of the metal.
3.1.5 seam or lap — noncrystalline break through the
metal which is inherently in the raw material.
2.
2.2 ASME Standards:
B1.1 Unified Screw Threads
B18.3 Socket Cap, Shoulder, and Set Screws
B18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Standard for B18 Fastener Products
4.
Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for socket head cap screws under this specification shall include the following:
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
4.1.2 Quantities (number of pieces by size).
4.1.3 Size and length.
4.2 Orders for socket head cap screws may include the
following optional requirements:
4.2.1 Inspection at point of manufacture.
4.2.2 Coating, if a protective finish other than black
oxide (thermal or chemical) is required, it must be specified.
4.2.3 Certified test reports (see 11.2).
4.2.4 Additional testing (see 11.3).
4.2.5 Special packaging (see 16.1.2).
4.2.6 Supplementary requirements (see S1).
4.2.7 Special requirements.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
4.2.8 For establishment of a part identifying system,
see ASME B18.24
6.5 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
A 751.
5.
Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The screws shall be fabricated from a steel which
has been made by the open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process.
Mechanical Properties
7.1 The hardness of finished screws shall be 39 to
45 HRC for 0.500 in. and smaller and 37 to 45 HRC for
0.625 in. and larger. This shall be only the mechanical
requirements for screws that are shorter than three times
the diameter or that have insufficient threads for tension
testing.
5.2 The screws shall be fabricated from alloy steel
made to a fine grain practice. In the event of controversy
over grain size, referee tests on finished screws conducted
in accordance with Test Methods E 112 shall prevail.
7.
5.3 Unless otherwise specified, the heads of screws
through 1.500 in. diameter shall be fabricated by hot or
cold forging. Over 1.500 in. diameter, the heads may be
fabricated by hot or cold forging or by machining. Sockets
may be forged or machined.
5.4 Unless otherwise specified, threads of screws shall
be rolled for diameters through 0.625 in. and for screw
lengths through 4 in. For diameters and lengths other than
this, threads may be rolled, cut, or ground.
7.2 Screws, other than those exempted in 7.1 and 7.3,
shall meet the proof load and tensile requirements in Table
2 and Table 3. The screws shall be tension tested with a
wedge of the angle specified in Table 4 under the head.
To meet the requirements of the wedge test, there must be
a tensile failure in the body or thread section. For the
purpose of this test, failure means separation into two
pieces. Screws threaded to the head shall pass the requirements for this test if the fracture that caused failure originated in the thread area, even though it may have
propagated into the fillet area or the head before separation.
5.5 The screws shall be heat treated by oil quenching
from above the transformation temperature and then tempering at a temperature not lower than 650°F.
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7.3 Screws having a diameter larger than 1.500 in.
shall be preferably tested in full size and shall meet the
requirements of Table 2 and Table 3. When equipment of
sufficient capacity is not readily available, screws shall
meet 170 ksi, min, tensile strength, 153 ksi, min, yield
strength at 0.2% offset, and 10% elongation on specimens
machined in accordance with Test Methods F 606.
5.6 Standard Finishes — Unless otherwise specified,
the screws shall be furnished with one of the following
“standard surfaces as manufactured” at the option of the
manufacturer: (1) bright uncoated, (2) thermal black oxide,
or (3) chemical black oxide. Hydrogen embrittlement tests
shall not be required for screws furnished in these conditions.
5.7 Protective Coatings:
5.7.1 When a protective finish other than as specified
in 5.6 is required, it shall be specified on the purchase
order with the applicable finish specification.
5.7.2 When protective or decorative coatings are
applied to the screws, precautions specified by the coating
requirements to minimize embrittlement shall be exercised.
8.
Metallurgical Requirement
8.1 Carburization or Decarburization:
8.1.1 There shall be no evidence of carburization or
total decarburization on the surfaces of the heat-treated
screws when measured in accordance with 12.3.
6.
Chemical Composition
6.1 The analysis of the screw material shall conform
to the chemical composition specified in Table S1.1.
8.1.2 The depth of partial decarburization shall be
limited to the values in Table 5 when measured as shown
in Fig. 1 and in accordance with 12.3.
9.
Dimensions
9.1 Unless otherwise specified, the product shall conform to the requirements of B18.3.
6.2 Product analyses may be made by the purchaser
from finished material representing each lot. The chemical
composition, thus determined, shall conform to the requirements prescribed for product analysis in Table S1.1.
6.3 DELETED
9.2 Unless otherwise specified, threads shall be Unified
standard: Class 3A, UNRC and UNRF series for screw
sizes 0.060 through 1 in. inclusive; Class 2A, UNRC and
UNRF series for sizes over 1 in. to 1.500 in. inclusive;
and Class 2A UNRC series for sizes larger than 1.500 in.
in accordance with B1.1.
6.4 Application of heats of steel to which bismuth,
selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added
shall not be permitted.
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10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
10.1 Discontinuities — The surface discontinuities for
these products shall conform to Specification
F 788 /F 788M and the additional limitations specified
herein.
SA-574
11.3 When additional tests are specified on the purchase
order, a lot, for purposes of selecting test samples, shall
consist of all screws offered for inspection at one time of
one diameter and length. From each lot, the number of
samples for each requirement shall be as follows:
Number of Pieces in Lot
10.2 Socket Discontinuities:
10.2.1 Depth of discontinuities in the socket area
will be permissible within the limits of Condition 1 provided they do not affect the usability and performance of
the screw. Discontinuities exceeding these limits are not
acceptable.
10.2.2 Longitudinal discontinuities must not exceed
0.25T in length. Permissible and nonpermissible discontinuities are shown in Fig. 2.
NOTE 2 — T p actual key engagement.
10.3 Permissible Head and Body Discontinuities — Discontinuities as defined above are permitted in the locations
illustrated in Fig. 3 to the depths shown in 10.4. These
discontinuities are permitted, provided they do not affect
the usability and performance of the screw. All discontinuities are to be measured perpendicular to indicated surfaces.
10.4 Conditions for Permissible Discontinuity Depths:
10.4.1 Condition 1 — For bearing area, fillet, and
other surfaces, max depth p 0.03D or 0.005 in. (whichever
is greater).
800 and less
Over 800 to 8 000, incl.
Over 8 000 to 22 000, incl.
Over 22 000
Number of Samples
1
2
3
5
11.4 Should any sample fail to meet the requirements
of a specified test, double the number of samples from the
same lot shall be retested for the requirement(s) in which
it failed. All of the additional samples shall conform to
the specification or the lot shall be rejected.
12. Test Methods
12.1 Test the finished screws and specimens, as applicable, for mechanical properties and hardness requirements
of Section 7. Testing shall be in accordance with Test
Methods F 606 at room temperature. The minimum
required length for tension testing shall be 3D. The angle
used in wedge tests shall be as specified in Table 4.
NOTE 3 — D p nominal diameter of screw.
12.2 The speed of testing, as determined with a free
running crosshead, shall be a maximum of 1 in./min for
the tension tests of screws.
10.4.2 Condition 2 — For peripheral discontinuities,
max depth p 0.06D, but not to exceed 0.064.
12.3 Decarburization and carburization tests shall be
conducted as follows:
10.5 Thread Discontinuities — Threads shall have no
laps at the root or on the flanks located below the pitch
line. Laps are permissible at the thread crest to a depth of
25% of the basic thread height and on the thread flanks
beyond the pitch diameter. Longitudinal seams in the
threads are acceptable within the limits of Condition 1
(10.4.1).
12.3.1 Section the thread area of the bolt longitudinally through the axis, mount, and polish it in accordance
with Practice E 3. Take measurements (1) at the minor
diameter in the center of the thread ridge, and (2) 0.75h
toward the thread crest on the perpendicular bisector of
the thread ridge. Take a measurement (3) on the thread
flank approximately at the pitch line at a depth of 0.003 in.
Use one of the two methods for carburization/decarburization evaluation either optical or microhardness measurements. The microhardness measurement shall constitute a
referee method in case of dispute.
11. Number of Tests and Retests
11.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met
in continuous mass production for stock, and the manufacturer shall make sample inspections to ensure that the product conforms to the specified requirements. Additional tests
of individual shipments of material are not ordinarily contemplated. A record of individual heats of steel in each
test lot shall be maintained. The container shall be coded
to permit identification of the lot.
11.2 When specified in the order, the manufacturer
shall furnish a test report certified to be the last complete
set of mechanical tests for each stock size in each shipment.
12.3.2 For optical measurement, etch the section in
2 to 4% nital. Examine the surface of the etched samples
under a microscope at 100ⴛ using a measuring eyepiece
graduated in 0.001-in. increments. The width of any light
etching band normally defines the decarburization depth. A
dark etching band indicates the possibility of carburization.
12.3.3 Measure microhardness in accordance with
Test Method E 384 on unetched specimens using a DPH
136° indenter or a Knoop indenter using the following load
application:
1099
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SA-574
2010 SECTION II, PART A
Number of
Threads per Inch
Less than 40
40, 44, and 48
Over 48
required by the specification that are requested by the purchaser’s representative shall be made before shipment, and
shall be conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with
the operation of the works.
Load
500 gf
200 gf
Use optical evaluation in 12.3.2
14. Responsibility
14.1 The party responsible for the fastener shall be the
organization that supplies the fastener to the purchaser.
12.3.3.1 Take measurements at minor diameter
(Reading No. 1) on the thread crest bisector to determine
base metal hardness. Take measurements (Reading No. 2)
on the bisector 0.75h from the minor measurement toward
the thread crest. Also take measurements (Reading No. 3)
on the thread flank at the pitch line at a depth within 0.003
from the surface. Reading No. 3 may be taken on the same
or an adjacent thread.
15. Rejection and Rehearing
15.1 Rejections based on requirements herein shall be
reported to the manufacturer within 30 days after receipt
of material by the purchaser.
12.3.4 Interpret microhardness readings as follows:
16. Packaging and Package Marking
16.1 Packaging:
16.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, packaging shall
be in accordance with Practice D 3951.
16.1.2 When special packaging requirements are
required, they shall be defined at the time of the inquiry
and order.
12.3.4.1 A decrease of more than 30 hardness
points from Reading No. 1 to Reading No. 2 shall be
regarded as decarburization and indicates the screw does
not conform to specification requirements.
12.3.4.2 An increase of more than 30 hardness
points from Reading No. 1 to Reading No. 3 shall be
regarded as carburization and indicates that the screw does
not conform to specification requirements.
16.2 Package Marking:
16.2.1 Each shipping unit shall include or be plainly
marked with the following information:
16.2.1.1 ASTM designation,
16.2.1.2 Size,
16.2.1.3 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer,
16.2.1.4 Number of pieces,
16.2.1.5 Purchase order number, and
16.2.1.6 Country of origin.
13. Inspection
13.1 If the additional tests described in 11.3 are required
by the purchaser it shall be specified in the inquiry, order,
or contract.
13.2 The inspector representing the purchaser shall
have free entry to all parts of the manufacturer’s works
that concern the manufacture of the material ordered. The
manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in
accordance with this specification. All tests and inspections
17. Keywords
17.1 alloy steel; cap screws; socket head
FIG. 1 DEFINITION OF PARTIAL DECARBURIZATION LIMITS
Decarburization
No. 2
0.003
hs
No. 3
0.75 hs
No. 1
0.1 hs
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-574
FIG. 2 SOCKET DISCONTINUITY LOCATION AND LIMITS
Permissible if not in excess
of 0.25T in length and not
within 0.10T from bottom
of socket.
0.10T – No cracks
permitted in this area.
Not permissible – bottom of
socket or within 0.10T of
bottom of socket.
Permissible – not in area of
key engagement.
(bottom of socket).
FIG. 3 HEAD AND BODY DISCONTINUITY LOCATION AND LIMITS
Permissible – does not extend more than
half the distance between the periphery
of the head and the socket.
Permissible
(condition 2)
Not permissible –
connects socket
and edge of head.
Permissible
(condition 2
max. depth)
Permissible (condition 1)
Permissible (condition 1 max. depth)
bearing area, body, and threads,
(longitudinal direction only).
Not permissible – potential
intersecting discontinuities.
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SA-574
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 1 DELETED
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
FOR COARSE THREAD SCREWS
Screw
Dia
(D), in.
0.073
0.086
0.099
0.112
0.125
0.138
0.164
0.190
0.250
0.3125
0.375
0.4375
0.500
0.625
0.750
0.875
1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.500
1.750
2.000
2.250
2.500
2.750
3.000
3.250
3.500
3.750
4.000
Threads/
in.
64
56
48
40
40
32
32
24
20
18
16
14
13
11
10
9
8
7
7
6
6
5
41⁄2
41⁄2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Tensile
Load,
Min., lbfA
473
666
877
1,090
1,430
1,640
2,520
3,150
5,730
9,440
13,900
19,100
25,500
38,400
56,800
78,500
103,000
129,000
165,000
196,000
239,000
323,000
425,000
552,000
680,000
838,000
1,010,000
1,210,000
1,420,000
1,640,000
1,880,000
Stress
Area, in.2B
0.00263
0.00370
0.00487
0.00604
0.00796
0.00909
0.0140
0.0175
0.0318
0.0524
0.0775
0.1063
0.1419
0.226
0.334
0.462
0.606
0.763
0.969
1.155
1.405
1.90
2.50
3.25
4.00
4.93
5.97
7.10
8.33
9.66
11.08
TABLE 3
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
FOR FINE THREAD SCREWS
Proof Load
(Length
Measurement
Method),
Min., lbfC
368
518
682
846
1,110
1,270
1,960
2,450
4,450
7,340
10,800
14,900
19,900
30,500
45,100
62,400
81,800
103,000
131,000
156,000
190,000
256,000
338,000
439,000
540,000
666,000
806,000
958,000
1,120,000
1,300,000
1,500,000
NOTES:
A
Values based on 180 ksi for 0.500 and smaller and 170 ksi for
sizes larger than 0.500 in. and stress area in accordance with Footnote B.
B
Stress areas based on Handbook H-28 (U.S. Department of Commerce) as follows:
Screw
Dia
(D), in.
Threads/
in.
0.060
0.073
0.086
0.099
0.112
0.125
0.138
0.164
0.190
0.250
0.3125
0.375
0.4375
0.500
0.625
0.750
0.875
1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.500
80
72
64
56
48
44
40
36
32
28
24
24
20
20
18
16
14
12
12
12
12
12
Tensile
Load, min,
Min., lbfA
324
500
709
941
1,190
1,490
1,830
2,650
3,600
6,500
10,400
15,800
21,400
28,800
43,500
63,400
86,500
113,000
146,000
182,000
224,000
269,000
Stress
Area, in.2B
0.00180
0.00278
0.00394
0.00523
0.00661
0.00830
0.01015
0.01474
0.0200
0.0364
0.0580
0.0878
0.1187
0.1599
0.256
0.373
0.509
0.663
0.856
1.073
1.315
1.581
252
389
552
732
925
1,160
1,420
2,060
2,800
5,100
8,120
12,300
16,600
22,400
34,600
50,400
68,700
89,500
116,000
145,000
178,000
213,000
NOTES:
A
Values based on 180 ksi for 0.500 and smaller and 170 ksi for sizes
larger than 0.500 in. and stress area in accordance with Footnote B.
B
Stress areas based on H-28 as follows:
As p 0.7854 [D − (0.9743/n)]2
where:
As p stress area,
D p nominal screw size, and
n p threads/in.
C
Values based on 140 ksi for 0.500 and smaller and 135 ksi for sizes
larger than 0.500 in. and stress area in accordance with Footnote B.
As p 0.7854 [D − (0.9743/n)]2
where:
As p stress area,
D p nominal screw size, and
n p threads/in.
C
Values based on 140 ksi for 0.500 and smaller and 135 ksi for sizes
larger than 0.500 in. and stress area in accordance with Footnote B.
1102
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-574
TABLE 4
WEDGE TEST ANGLES
Wedge Angle, Deg
Screw Size,
D, in.
Body Lengths
2D or Less or
Threaded to
the Head
Body Lengths
Greater Than
2D
0.112 to 0.500, incl.
0.625 to 0.750, incl.
0.875 to 1.500, incl.
6
6
4
10
8
6
TABLE 5
DECARBURIZATION LIMITS
Thread
Height, hs
0.75 hs from
Root to
Crest, Min.
0.1 hs at
Root,
Max.
48
44
40
36
32
28
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.017
0.019
0.022
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.013
0.014
0.017
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
24
20
18
16
14
0.026
0.031
0.034
0.038
0.044
0.020
0.023
0.026
0.029
0.033
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
13
12
11
10
9
0.047
0.051
0.056
0.061
0.068
0.035
0.038
0.042
0.046
0.051
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.077
0.088
0.102
0.123
0.136
0.153
0.058
0.066
0.077
0.092
0.102
0.115
0.008
0.009
0.010
0.012
0.014
0.015
Threads/in.
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7
6
5
4.5
4
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SA-574
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following Supplementary Requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser
in the contract or purchase order. Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate any
requirement of the specification itself.
S1. Specific Grade Chemical Compositions
S1.1 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified
on the order, the chemical composition shall conform to
one of the compositions in Table S1.1 at the option of the
supplier, unless a specific composition (Grade) has been
specified on the purchase order.
TABLE S1.1
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Grade Designation
UNS Number
4037
4042
4137
4140
4142
4145
4340
8740
5137M
51B37M
G40370
G40420
G41370
G41400
G41420
G41450
G43400
G87400
...
...
Carbon:
Heat analysis
0.35–0.40 0.40–0.45 0.35–0.40 0.38–0.43 0.40–0.45 0.43–0.48 0.38–0.43 0.38–0.43 0.35–0.40
Product analysis 0.33–0.42 0.38–0.47 0.33–0.42 0.36–0.45 0.38–0.47 0.41–0.50 0.36–0.45 0.36–0.45 0.33–0.42
0.33–0.40
0.31–0.42
Manganese:
Heat analysis
0.70–0.90 0.70–0.90 0.70–0.90 0.75–1.00 0.75–1.00 0.75–1.00 0.60–0.80 0.75–1.00 0.30–0.50
Product analysis 0.67–0.93 0.67–0.93 0.67–0.93 0.71–1.04 0.71–1.04 0.71–1.04 0.57–0.83 0.71–1.04 0.27–0.53
0.30–0.50
0.27–0.53
Phosphorus, max.:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
0.035
0.040
Sulfur, max.:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.045
Silicon:
Heat analysis
0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35
Product analysis 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37 0.13–0.37
Nickel:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
A
A
A
A
A
A
...
...
...
...
...
...
Chromium:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
A
A
...
...
1.65–2.00 0.40–0.70
1.60–2.05 0.37–0.73
0.15–0.35
0.13–0.37
A
A
...
...
0.80–1.10 0.80–1.10 0.80–1.10 0.80–1.10 0.70–0.90 0.40–0.60 0.90–1.20
0.75–1.15 0.75–1.15 0.75–1.15 0.75–1.15 0.67–0.93 0.37–0.63 0.85–1.25
0.95–1.25
0.90–1.30
Molybdenum:
Heat analysis
0.20–0.30 0.20–0.30 0.15–0.25 0.15–0.25 0.15–0.25 0.15–0.25 0.20–0.30 0.20–0.30
Product analysis 0.18–0.32 0.18–0.32 0.13–0.27 0.13–0.27 0.13–0.27 0.13–0.27 0.18–0.32 0.18–0.32
A
A
...
...
Boron:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
0.0005–0.003
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
B
NOTES:
A
Elements shown with an “A” are not applicable to that grade designation.
B
Boron is not subject to product analysis.
1104
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-577/SA-577M
SPECIFICATION FOR ULTRASONIC ANGLE-BEAM
EXAMINATION OF STEEL PLATES
SA-577/SA-577M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 577/A 577M-90(R07).]
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers an ultrasonic angle-beam
procedure and acceptance standards for the detection of
internal discontinuities not laminar in nature and of surface
imperfections in a steel plate. This specification is intended
for use only as a supplement to specifications which provide straight-beam ultrasonic examination.
NOTE — An internal discontinuity that is laminar in nature is one whose
principal plane is parallel to the principal plane of the plate.
1.2 Individuals performing examinations in accordance
with this specification shall be qualified and certified in
accordance with the requirements of the latest edition of
ASNT SNT-TC-1A or an equivalent accepted standard.
An equivalent standard is one which covers the qualification and certification of ultrasonic nondestructive examination candidates and which is acceptable to the purchaser.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
2.
Referenced Document
2.1 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate any additions
to the provisions of this specification as prescribed in 14.1.
4.2 The surface of the plate shall be conditioned as
necessary to provide a clear, easily interpreted trace pattern
on the screen. Any specified identification which is
removed to achieve proper surface smoothness shall be
restored.
5.
Apparatus
5.1 The amplitude linearity shall be checked by positioning the transducer over the depth resolution notch in
the IIW or similar block so that the signal from the notch
is approximately 30% of the screen height, and the signal
from one of the back surfaces is approximately 60% of
the screen height (two times the height of the signal from
the notch). A curve is then plotted showing the deviations
from the above established 2:1 ratio that occurs as the
amplitude of the signal from the notch is raised in increments of one scale division until the back reflection signal
reaches full scale, and then is lowered in increments of
one scale division until the notch signal reaches one scale
division. At each increment the ratio of the two signals is
determined. The ratios are plotted on the graph at the
position corresponding to the larger signal. Between the
limits of 20% and 80% of the screen height the ratio shall
be within 10% of 2:1. Instrument settings used during
inspection shall not cause variation outside the 10% limits
established above.
5.2 The search unit shall be a 45-deg (in steel) anglebeam type with active transducer length and width dimensions of a minimum of 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and a maximum
of 1 in. [25 mm]. Search units of other sizes and angles
may be used for additional exploration and evaluation.
4.
Examination Conditions
4.1 The examination shall be conducted in an area free
of operations that interfere with proper performance of the
examination.
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6.
Examination Frequency
6.1 The ultrasonic frequency selected for the examination shall be the highest frequency that permits detection
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of the required calibration notch, such that the amplitude
of the indication yields a signal-to-noise ratio of at least 3:1.
7.
Calibration Reflector
7.1 A calibration notch, the geometry of which has
been agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer,
with a depth of 3% of the plate thickness, shall be used
to calibrate the ultrasonic examination. The notch shall be
at least 1 in. [25 mm] long.
the plate. Position the search unit to obtain a maximum
one-half vee-path indication amplitude. Adjust the instrument gain so that this amplitude is at least 50% but not
more than 80% of full screen height. Record the location
and amplitude on the screen. Without adjusting the instrument settings, repeat this procedure for the 11⁄2 vee-path
indication.
7.2 Insert the notch or notches on the surface of the
plate so that they are perpendicular to the long axis at a
distance of 2 in. [50 mm] or more from the short edge of
the plate. Locate the notch not less than 2 in. [50 mm]
from the long edges of the plate.
7.3 When the notch cannot be inserted in the plate
to be tested, it may be placed in a calibration plate of
ultrasonically similar material. The calibration plate will
be considered ultrasonically similar if the height of the
first back reflection through it is within 25% of that through
the plate to be tested at the same instrument calibration.
The calibration plate thickness shall be within 1 in. [25 mm]
of the thickness of plates to be tested, for plates of 2 in.
[50 mm] thickness and greater and within 10% of plates
whose thickness is less than 2 in. [50 mm].
7.4 For plate thicknesses greater than 2 in. [50 mm],
insert a second calibration notch as described in 7.2, on
the opposite side of the plate.
8.
8.2.2 Without adjusting the instrument settings, reposition the search unit to obtain a maximum full vee-path
indication from the notch on the test surface. Record the
location and amplitude on the screen.
8.2.3 Draw a line on the screen connecting the points
established in 8.2.1 and 8.2.2. This curve shall be a DAC
for reporting indication amplitudes.
8.3 Plate over 6 in. [150 mm] in Thickness:
8.3.1 Place the search unit on the test surface aimed
at the broad side of the notch on the opposite surface of
the plate. Position the search unit to obtain a maximum
one-half vee-path indication amplitude. Adjust the instrument gain so that this amplitude is at least 50% but not
more than 80% of full screen height. Record the location
and amplitude on the screen.
8.3.2 Without adjusting the instrument settings, reposition the search unit to obtain a maximum full vee-path
indication from the notch on the test surface. Record the
location and amplitude on the screen.
8.3.3 Draw a line on the screen connecting the points
established in 8.3.1 and 8.3.2. This line shall be a DAC
for reporting indication amplitudes.
Calibration Procedure
8.1 Plate 2 in. [50 mm] and Under in Thickness:
8.1.1 Place the search unit on the notched surface
of the plate with the sound beam directed at the broad side
of the notch and position to obtain maximum amplitude
from the first vee-path indication which is clearly resolved
from the initial pulse. Adjust the instrument gain so that
this reflection amplitude is at least 50 but not more than
75% of full screen height. Record the location and amplitude of this indication on the screen.
8.1.2 Move the search unit away from the notch until
the second vee-path indication is obtained. Position the
search unit for maximum amplitude and record the indication amplitude. Draw a line between the peaks from the
two successive notch indications on the screen. This line
is the distance amplitude curve (DAC) for this material
and shall be a 100% reference line for reporting indication
amplitudes.
8.2 Plate Over 2 to 6 in. [50 to 150 mm] Inclusive in
Thickness:
8.2.1 Place the search unit on the test surface aimed
at the broad side of the notch on the opposite surface of
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9.
Examination Procedure
9.1 Scan one major surface of the plate on grid lines
perpendicular and parallel to the major rolling direction.
Grid lines shall be on 9 in. [225 mm] centers. Use a suitable
couplant such as water, oil, or glycerin. Scan by placing
the search unit near one edge with the ultrasonic beam
directed toward the same edge and move the search unit
along the grid line in a direction perpendicular to the edge
to a location two plate thicknesses beyond the plate center.
Repeat this scanning procedure on all grid lines from each
of the four edges.
9.2 Measure grid lines from the center or one corner
of the plate.
9.3 Position the search unit to obtain a maximum indication amplitude from each observed discontinuity.
9.4 For each discontinuity indication that equals or
exceeds the DAC, record the location and length, and the
amplitude to the nearest 25%. No indication with an amplitude less than the DAC shall be recorded.
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SA-577/SA-577M
9.5 At each recorded discontinuity location, conduct a
100% examination of the mass under a 9 in. [225 mm]
square which has the recorded discontinuity position at its
center. Conduct the examination in directions perpendicular and parallel to the major rolling direction.
all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is
being furnished in accordance with this specification. All
examinations and verifications shall be so conducted as
not to interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturer’s operations.
10. Acceptance Standard
10.1 Any discontinuity indication that equals or
exceeds the DAC shall be considered unacceptable unless
additional exploration by the longitudinal method indicates
it is laminar in nature.
13. Marking
13.1 Plates accepted in accordance with this specification shall be identified by metal stamping or stencilling
“UT A 577” in one corner of the plate, at a location within
6 in. [150 mm] of the heat number.
11. Rehearing
11.1 The manufacturer reserves the right to discuss
unacceptable ultrasonically examined plate with the purchaser with the object of possible repair of the ultrasonically indicated discontinuity before rejection of the plate.
14. Report
14.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer, the manufacturer shall report the
following data:
12. Inspection
12.1 The purchaser’s representative shall have access,
at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser is
being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s works
that concern the ultrasonic examination of the material
ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the representative
14.1.1 Plate identity including pin-pointed
recordable indication locations, lengths, and amplitudes.
14.1.2 Examination parameters, including: couplant;
search unit type, angle, frequency, and size; instrument
make, model, and serial number; and calibration plate
description.
14.1.3 Date of examination and name of operator.
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-578/SA-578M
SPECIFICATION FOR STRAIGHT-BEAM ULTRASONIC
EXAMINATION OF ROLLED STEEL
PLATES FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
SA-578/SA-578M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 578/A 578M-07.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers the procedure and acceptance standards for straight-beam, pulse-echo, ultrasonic
examination of rolled carbon and alloy steel plates, 3⁄8 in.
[10 mm] in thickness and over, for special applications.
The method will detect internal discontinuities parallel to
the rolled surfaces. Three levels of acceptance standards
are provided. Supplementary requirements are provided
for alternative procedures.
A 265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base AlloyClad Steel Plate
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B 46.1 Surface Texture
2.3 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A
3.
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1.2 Individuals performing examinations in accordance
with this specification shall be qualified and certified in
accordance with the requirements of the latest edition of
ASNT SNT-TC-1A or an equivalent accepted standard.
An equivalent standard is one which covers the qualification and certification of ultrasonic nondestructive examination candidates and which is acceptable to the purchaser.
Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
3.1.1 Acceptance level requirements (Sections 7, 8,
and 9). Acceptance Level B shall apply unless otherwise
agreed to by purchaser and manufacturer.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
3.1.2 Any additions to the provisions of this specification as prescribed in 5.2, 13.1, and Section 10.
3.1.3 Supplementary requirements, if any.
Apparatus
4.1 The amplitude linearity shall be checked by positioning the transducer over the depth resolution notch in
the IIW or similar block so that the signal from the notch
is approximately 30% of the screen height, and the signal
from one of the back surfaces is approximately 60% of
the screen height (two times the height of the signal from
the notch). A curve is then plotted showing the deviations
from the above established 2:1 ratio that occurs as the
amplitude of the signal from the notch is raised in increments of one scale division until the back reflection signal
reaches full scale, and then is lowered in increments of
one scale division until the notch signal reaches one scale
division. At each increment the ratio of the two signals is
determined. The ratios are plotted on the graph at the
position corresponding to the larger signal. Between the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 263 Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad
Plate
A 264 Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel SteelClad Plate
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limits of 20 and 80% of the screen height, the ratio shall
be within 10% of 2:1. Instrument settings used during
inspection shall not cause variation outside the 10% limits
established above.
4.2 The transducer shall be 1 or 11⁄8 in. [25 or 30 mm]
in diameter or 1 in. [25 mm] square.
5.6.3 When a discontinuity condition is observed
during general scanning adjust the instrument to produce
a first reflection from the opposite side of a sound area of
the plate of 75 ± 5% of full scale. Maintain this instrument
setting during evaluation of the discontinuity condition.
4.3 Other search units may be used for evaluating and
pinpointing indications.
6.
Recording
6.1 Record all discontinuities causing complete loss of
back reflection.
5.
6.2 For plates 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] thick and over, record all
indications with amplitudes equal to or greater than 50%
of the initial back reflection and accompanied by a 50%
loss of back reflection.
Procedure
5.1 Perform the inspection in an area free of operations
that interfere with proper performance of the test.
5.2 Unless otherwise specified, make the ultrasonic
examination on either major surface of the plate.
5.3 The plate surface shall be sufficiently clean and
smooth to maintain a first reflection from the opposite side
of the plate at least 50% of full scale during scanning.
This may involve suitable means of scale removal at the
manufacturer’s option. Condition local rough surfaces by
grinding. Restore any specified identification which is
removed when grinding to achieve proper surface
smoothness.
NOTE 1 — Indications occurring midway between the initial pulse and
the first back reflection may cause a second reflection at the location of
the first back reflection. When this condition is observed it shall be
investigated additionally by use of multiple back reflections.
5.4 Perform the test by one of the following methods:
direct contact, immersion, or liquid column coupling. Use
a suitable couplant such as water, soluble oil, or glycerin.
As a result of the test by this method, the surface of plates
may be expected to have a residue of oil or rust or both.
6.3 Where grid scanning is performed and recordable
conditions as in 6.1 and 6.2 are detected along a given
grid line, the entire surface area of the squares adjacent
to this indication shall be scanned. Where parallel path
scanning is performed and recordable conditions as in 6.1
and 6.2 are detected, the entire surface area of a 9 by 9 in.
[225 by 225 mm] square centered on this indication shall
be scanned. The true boundaries where these conditions
exist shall be established in either method by the following
technique: Move the transducer away from the center of
the discontinuity until the height of the back reflection and
discontinuity indications are equal. Mark the plate at a
point equivalent to the center of the transducer. Repeat the
operation to establish the boundary.
5.5 A nominal test frequency of 21⁄4 MHz is recommended. When testing plates less than 3⁄4 in. [20 mm] thick
a frequency of 5 MHz may be necessary. Thickness, grain
size or microstructure of the material and nature of the
equipment or method may require a higher or lower test
frequency. Use the transducers at their rated frequency. A
clean, easily interpreted trace pattern should be produced
during the examination.
Acceptance Standard — Level A
7.1 Any area where one or more discontinuities produce
a continuous total loss of back reflection accompanied by
continuous indications on the same plane (within 5% of
plate thickness) that cannot be encompassed within a circle
whose diameter is 3 in. [75 mm] or 1⁄2 of the plate thickness,
whichever is greater, is unacceptable.
5.6 Scanning:
5.6.1 Scanning shall be along continuous perpendicular grid lines on nominal 9 in. [225 mm] centers, or at
the option of the manufacturer, shall be along continuous
parallel paths, transverse to the major plate axis, on nominal
4 in. [100 mm] centers, or shall be along continuous parallel
paths parallel to the major plate axis, on 3 in. [75 mm] or
smaller centers. Measure the lines from the center or one
corner of the plate with an additional path within 2 in.
[50 mm] of all edges of the plate on the searching surface.
7.
5.6.2 Conduct the general scanning with an instrument adjustment that will produce a first reflection from
the opposite side of a sound area of the plate from 50 to
90% of full scale. Minor sensitivity adjustments may be
made to accommodate for surface roughness.
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8.
Acceptance Standards — Level B
8.1 Any area where one or more discontinuities produce
a continuous total loss of back reflection accompanied by
continuous indications on the same plane (within 5% of
plate thickness) that cannot be encompassed within a circle
whose diameter is 3 in. [75 mm] or 1⁄2 of the plate thickness,
whichever is greater, is unacceptable.
8.2 In addition, two or more discontinuities smaller
than described in 8.1 shall be unacceptable unless separated
by a minimum distance equal to the greatest diameter of
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the larger discontinuity or unless they may be collectively
encompassed by the circle described in 8.1.
SA-578/SA-578M
9.
Acceptance Standard — Level C
9.1 Any area where one or more discontinuities produce
a continuous total loss of back reflection accompanied by
continuous indications on the same plane (within 5% of
plate thickness) that cannot be encompassed within a 1 in.
[25 mm] diameter circle is unacceptable.
ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector all
reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being
furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests
and inspections shall be made at the place of manufacture
prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall
be conducted without interfering unnecessarily with the
manufacturer’s operations.
12.
10. Report
10.1 Unless otherwise agreed to by the purchaser and
the manufacturer, the manufacturer shall report the following data:
Rehearing
12.1 The manufacturer reserves the right to discuss
rejectable ultrasonically tested plate with the purchaser
with the object of possible repair of the ultrasonically indicated defect before rejection of the plate.
10.1.1 All recordable indications listed in Section 6
on a sketch of the plate with sufficient data to relate the
geometry and identity of the sketch to those of the plate.
13.
10.1.2 Test parameters including: Make and model
of instrument, test frequency, surface condition, transducer
(type and frequency), and couplant.
Marking
13.1 Plates accepted according to this specification
shall be identified by stenciling (stamping) “UT
A 578—A” on one corner for Level A, “UT A 578—B” for
Level B, and “UT A 578—C” for Level C. The supplement
number shall be added for each supplementary requirement
ordered.
10.1.3 Date of test.
11. Inspection
11.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall
have access at all times, while work on the contract of the
purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s works that concern the ultrasonic testing of the material
14. Keywords
14.1 nondestructive testing; pressure containing parts;
pressure vessel steels; steel plate for pressure vessel applications; steel plates; ultrasonic examinations
1111
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SA-578/SA-578M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
These supplementary requirements shall apply only when individually specified by the
purchaser. When details of these requirements are not covered herein, they are subject to
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S1. Scanning
S1.1 Scanning shall be continuous over 100% of the
plate surface along parallel paths, transverse or parallel to
the major plate axis, with not less than 10% overlap
between each path.
S7.
Withdrawn
See Specifications A 263, A 264, and A 265 for equivalent descriptions for clad quality level.
S8.
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S2. Acceptance Standard
S2.1 Any recordable condition listed in Section 6 that
(1) is continuous, (2) is on the same plane (within 5% of
the plate thickness), and (3) cannot be encompassed by a
3 in. [75 mm] diameter circle, is unacceptable. Two or
more recordable conditions (see Section 5), that (1) are
on the same plane (within 5% of plate thickness), (2)
individually can be encompassed by a 3 in. [75 mm] diameter circle, (3) are separated from each other by a distance
less than the greatest dimension of the smaller indication,
and (4) collectively cannot be encompassed by a 3 in.
[75 mm] diameter circle, are unacceptable.
S2.2 An acceptance level more restrictive than
Section 7 or 8 shall be used by agreement between the
manufacturer and purchaser.
S3. Procedure
S3.1 The manufacturer shall provide a written procedure in accordance with this specification.
S4. Certification
S4.1 The manufacturer shall provide a written certification of the ultrasonic test operator’s qualifications.
S5. Surface Finish
S5.1 The surface finish of the plate shall be conditioned
to a maximum 125 ␮in. [3 ␮m] AA (see ANSI B46.1)
prior to test.
S6.
Withdrawn
See Specifications A 263, A 264, and A 265 for equivalent descriptions for clad quality level.
Ultrasonic Examination Using Flat Bottom Hole
Calibration (for Plates 4 in. [100 mm] Thick
and Greater)
S8.1 Use the following calibration and recording procedures in place of 5.6.2, 5.6.3, and Section 6.
S8.2 The transducer shall be in accordance with 4.2.
S8.3 Reference Reflectors — The T/4, T/2, and 3T/4
deep flat bottom holes shall be used to calibrate the equipment. The flat bottom hole diameter shall be in accordance
with Table S8.1. The holes may be drilled in the plate to
be examined if they can be located without interfering with
the use of the plate, in a prolongation of the plate to be
examined, or in a reference block of the same nominal
composition, and thermal treatment as the plate to be examined. The surface of the reference block shall be no better
to the unaided eye than the plate surface to be examined.
The reference block shall be of the same nominal thickness
(within 75 to 125% or 1 in. [25 mm] of the examined plate,
whichever is less) and shall have acoustical properties similar to the examined plate. Acoustical similarity is presumed
when, without a change in instrument setting, comparison
of the back reflection signals between the reference block
and the examined plate shows a variation of 25% or less.
S8.4 Calibration Procedure:
S8.4.1 Couple and position the search unit for maximum amplitudes from the reflectors at T/4, T/2, and 3T/4.
Set the instrument to produce a 75 ± 5% of full scale
indication from the reflector giving the highest amplitude.
S8.4.2 Without changing the instrument setting, couple and position the search unit over each of the holes and
mark on the screen the maximum amplitude from each
hole and each minimum remaining back reflection.
S8.4.3 Mark on the screen half the vertical distance
from the sweep line to each maximum amplitude hole
mark. Connect the maximum amplitude hole marks and
extend the line through the thickness for the 100% DAC
(distance amplitude correction curve). Similarly connect
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and extend the half maximum amplitude marks for the
50% DAC.
plate surface to be examined. The reference block shall be
of the same nominal thickness (within 75 to 125% or 1 in.
[25 mm] of the examined plate, whichever is less) and
shall have acoustical properties similar to the examined
plate. Acoustical similarity is presumed when, without a
change in instrument setting, comparison of the back
reflection signals between the reference block and the
examined plate shows a variation of 25% or less.
S8.5 Recording:
S8.5.1 Record all areas where the remaining back
reflection is smaller than the highest of the minimum
remaining back reflections found in S8.4.2.
S8.5.2 Record all areas where indications exceed
50% DAC.
S8.5.3 Where recordable conditions listed in S8.5.1
and S8.5.2 are detected along a given grid line, continuously scan the entire surface area of the squares adjacent
to the condition and record the boundaries or extent of
each recordable condition.
S8.6 Scanning shall be in accordance with 5.6.
S8.7 The acceptance levels of Section 7 or 8 shall apply
as specified by the purchaser except that the recordable
condition shall be as given in S8.5.
S9.
Ultrasonic Examination of Electroslag Remelted
(ESR) and Vacuum-Arc Remelted (VAR)
Plates, from 1 to 16 in. [25 to 400 mm] in
Thickness, Using Flat-Bottom Hole Calibration
and Distance-Amplitude Corrections
S9.1 The material to be examined must have a surface
finish of 200 ␮in. [5 ␮m] as maximum for plates up to
8 in. [200 mm] thick, inclusive, and 250 ␮in. [6 ␮m] as
maximum for plates over 8 to 16 in. [200 to 400 mm] thick.
S9.2 Use the following procedures in place of 5.6.1,
5.6.2, 5.6.3, and Section 6.
S9.3 The transducer shall be in accordance with 4.2.
S9.4 Reference Reflectors — The T/4, T/2, and 3T/4
deep flat bottom holes shall be used to calibrate the equipment. The flat bottom hole diameter shall be in accordance
with Table S9.1. The flat bottoms of the holes shall be
within 1° of parallel to the examination surface. The holes
may be drilled in the plate to be examined if they can be
located without interfering with the use of the plate, in a
prolongation of the plate to be examined, or in a reference
block of the same nominal composition and thermal treatment as the plate to be examined. The surface of the reference block shall be no better to the unaided eye than the
S9.5 Calibration Procedure:
S9.5.1 Couple and position the search unit for maximum amplitudes from the reflectors at T/4, T/2, and 3T/4.
Set the instrument to produce a 75 ± 5% of full-scale
indication from the reflector giving the highest amplitude.
S9.5.2 Without changing the instrument setting, couple and position the search unit over each of the holes and
mark on the screen the maximum amplitude from each of
the holes.
S9.5.3 Mark on the screen half the vertical distances
from the sweep line to each maximum amplitude hole
mark. Connect the maximum amplitude hole marks and
extend the line through the thickness for the 100% DAC
(distance amplitude correction curve). Similarly connect
and extend the half maximim amplitude marks for the
50% DAC.
S9.6 Scanning — Scanning shall cover 100% of one
major plate surface, with the search unit being indexed
between each pass such that there is at least 15% overlap
of adjoining passes in order to assure adequate coverage
for locating discontinuities.
S9.7 Recording — Record all areas where the back
reflection drops below the 50% DAC. If the drop in back
reflection is not accompanied by other indications on the
screen, recondition the surface in the area and reexamine
ultrasonically. If the back reflection is still below 50%
DAC, the loss may be due to the metallurgical structure
of the material being examined. The material shall be held
for metallurgical review by he purchaser and manufacturer.
S9.8 Acceptance Standards — Any indication that
exceeds the 100% DAC shall be considered unacceptable.
The manufacturer may reserve the right to discuss
rejectable ultrasonically examined material with the purchaser, the object being the possible repair of the ultrasonically indicated defect before rejection of the plate.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE S8.1
CALIBRATION HOLE DIAMETER AS A FUNCTION OF PLATE THICKNESS (S8)
Plate Thickness, in. [mm]
Hole Diameter, in. [mm]
4–6
[100–150]
5
⁄8 [16]
>6–9
[>150–225]
3
⁄4 [19]
>9–12
[>225–300]
7
⁄8 [22]
>12–20
[>300–500]
11⁄8 [29]
TABLE S9.1
CALIBRATION HOLE DIAMETER AS A FUNCTION OF PLATE THICKNESS (S9)
Plate Thickness, in. [mm]
Hole Diameter, in. [mm]
1–4
[25–100]
1
⁄8 [3]
>4–8
[>100–200]
1
⁄4 [6]
>8–12
[>200–300]
3
⁄8 [10]
>12–16
[>300–400]
1
⁄2 [13]
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-587
SPECIFICATION FOR ELECTRIC-RESISTANCEWELDED LOW-CARBON STEEL PIPE FOR THE
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
SA-587
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 587-93 except for the deletion of 1.5.)
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers electric-resistance-welded
low-carbon steel pipe intended for use as process lines.
1.2 Pipe ordered under this specification shall be suitable for severe forming operations involving flanging in
all sizes and bending to close radii up to and including
NPS 4.
E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel
Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
E 570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular Products
3.
1.3 This specification covers NPS 1⁄2 through 10, plus
additional sizes. The corresponding outside diameters and
wall thicknesses for NPS 1⁄2 through 10 are listed in Table
4, as are the dimensions for the additional sizes.
Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following as required to describe the desired
material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of pieces).
3.1.2 Name of material (electric-resistance-welded
steel pipe).
NOTE—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been
substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
3.1.3 Size (NPS or outside diameter and wall
thickness).
1.4 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be
regarded as the standard.
3.1.4 Length (definite cut length or random).
3.1.5 Test report required (see 14.2).
1.5 DELETED
3.1.6 Specification number.
3.1.7 Special requirements.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 53 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped,
Zinc-Coated Welded and Seamless
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 530 /A 530M Specification for General Requirements
for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Inspection of Metal Pipe and
Tubing
E 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Longitudinal
Welded Pipe and Tubing
4.
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Process — The steel shall be aluminum killed steel
made by one or more of the following processes: openhearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
4.2 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast.
When steels of different grades are sequentially strand cast,
identification of the resultant transition material is required.
The producer shall remove the transition material by any
established procedure that positively separates the grades.
4.3 Manufacture — The pipe shall be made by electric
resistance welding.
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SA-587
2010 SECTION II, PART A
4.4 Heat Treatment — Pipe furnished in the as-welded
condition shall be normalized at a temperature above the
upper critical temperature. Cold-drawn pipe shall be normalized after the final cold-draw pass.
5.
Chemical Composition
5.1 Heat Analysis — An analysis of each heat of steel
shall be made to determine the percentages of the elements
specified. The chemical composition thus determined shall
conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 and the
chemical analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
5.2 Product Analysis — When requested on the purchase order, a product analysis shall be made by the supplier from one pipe or coil of steel per heat. The chemical
composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchaser’s representative and shall conform
to the requirements specified in Table 1.
5.3 Retests — If the original test for product analysis
fails, retests of two additional lengths of flat-rolled stock
or pipe shall be made. Both retests for the elements in
question shall meet the requirements of the specification;
otherwise, all remaining material in the heat shall be
rejected or, at the option of the producer, each length of
flat-rolled stock or pipe may be individually tested for
acceptance. Lengths of flat-rolled stock or pipe which do
not meet the requirements of the specification shall be
rejected.
5.4 Supplying an alloy grade of steel that specifically
requires the addition of any element other than those listed
in Table 1 is not permitted.
6.
--``,````,,,,````,`,`,```,`,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Mechanical Requirements
6.1 Tensile Properties:
6.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements
as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 2.
6.1.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the
drop of the beam, by the halt in the gage of the testing
machine, by the use of dividers, or by other approved
methods. When a definite yield point is not exhibited, the
yield strength corresponding to a permanent offset of 0.2%
of the gage length of the specimen, or to a total extension
of 0.5% of the gage length under load, shall be determined.
6.1.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test
specimen is less than that specified and any part of the
fracture is more than 3⁄4 in. (19 mm) from the center of the
gage length, as indicated by scribe marks on the specimen
before testing, a retest shall be allowed.
two steps. The weld shall be placed 90° from the direction
of the applied force. During the first step, which is a test
for ductility, no cracks or breaks, except as provided for
in 6.2.5, shall occur on the inside or outside surfaces until
the distance between the plates is less than the value of
H, calculated by the following equation:
H p [(1 + e)t] /[e + t /D]
where:
H
t
D
e
distance between flattening plates, in.,
specified wall thickness of the pipe, in.,
specified outside diameter of the pipe, in., and
deformation per unit length (0.09 for low-carbon
steel).
6.2.2 During the second step, which is a test for
soundness, the flattening shall be continued until the specimen breaks or the opposite walls of the pipe meet. Evidence
of laminated or unsound material, or of incomplete weld
that is revealed during the entire flattening test shall be
cause for rejection.
6.2.3 Surface imperfections in the test specimens
before flattening, but revealed during the first step of the
flattening test, shall be judged in accordance with the finish
requirements.
6.2.4 Superficial ruptures resulting from surface
imperfections shall not be cause for rejection.
6.2.5 When low D-to-t ratio tubulars are tested,
because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably
high on the inside surface at the 6 and 12 o’clock locations,
cracks at these locations shall not be cause for rejection if
theD-to-t ratio is less than 10.
6.3 Reverse Flattening Test — A section 4 in. (102 mm)
in length of pipe in sizes down to and including 13⁄16 in.
(20.6 mm) in outside diameter shall be split longitudinally
90° on each side of the weld and the sample opened and
flattened with the weld at the point of maximum bend.
There shall be no evidence of cracks or lack of penetration
or overlaps resulting from flash removal in the weld.
6.2 Flattening Test:
6.2.1 A section of pipe not less than 4 in. (102 mm)
in length shall be flattened cold between parallel plates in
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p
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6.4 Flange Test — A section of pipe not less than 4 in.
(102 mm) in length shall be capable of having a flange
turned over at a right angle to the body of the pipe without
cracking or showing flaws. This flange, as measured from
the outside of the pipe, shall be not less than 1⁄8 in. (3.2 mm)
nor more than 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm). Within these limits, the
width of the flange shall be not less than the percentages
specified in Table 3.
7.
Dimensions and Permissible Variations
7.1 Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter and
Wall Thickness — The outside diameter and wall thickness
variations shall not exceed the limits prescribed in Table 4.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
7.2 Permissible Variations in Straightness — Each pipe
shall be straight within 0.030 in. (0.76 mm) maximum
deflection in any 3 ft (0.91 m) length to 8 NPS. For 8 NPS
and above, pipe shall be straight within 0.060 in. (1.52 mm)
maximum deflection in any 3 ft (0.91 m) length. Galvanized
pipe shall be reasonably straight.
7.3 Lengths:
7.3.1 Pipe may be ordered in definite cut lengths or
in random lengths as provided herein.
7.3.2 When ordered in definite cut lengths, the variation in length shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in
Table 5.
7.3.3 If definite lengths are not required, pipe may
be ordered in single random lengths of 16 to 22 ft (4.9 to
6.7 m) with 5% 12 to 16 ft (3.7 to 4.9 m), or in double
random lengths with a minimum average of 35 ft (10.7 m)
and a minimum length of 22 ft (6.7 m) with 5% 16 to 22 ft
(4.9 to 6.7 m).
Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 The finished pipe shall be free of injurious defects
and shall have a workman-like finish. Minor defects may
be removed by grinding, provided the wall thickness is not
reduced to less than the minimum thickness permitted for
the ordered nominal wall thickness.
SA-587
9.3 The reverse flattening test specified in 6.3 shall be
made on one length of pipe from each lot of 250 lengths
or fraction thereof.
9.4 The flange test as specified in 6.4 shall be made
on specimens from two lengths of pipe from each lot of
250 lengths or fraction thereof.
10. Retests
10.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any heat
or lot do not conform to the requirements specified, retests
may be made on additional pipe of double the original
number from the same heat or lot, each of which shall
conform to the requirements specified.
11. Retreatment
11.1 If a heat or lot fails to conform to the test requirements, that heat or lot may be reheat treated and resubmitted
for tests. Not more than one reheat treatment shall be
permitted.
8.
8.2 The pipe shall have smooth ends free of burrs and
free of scale except that the pipe may have a superficial
“blue” oxide film on the surfaces.
8.3 For NPS 1⁄2 to 11⁄2 inclusive, the inside diameter
welding flash shall be removed so that the remaining flash
does not exceed 0.006 in. (0.15 mm). For NPS over 11⁄2, the
remaining inside diameter welding flash shall not exceed
0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
12. Test Specimens and Methods of Testing
12.1 The test specimens and the tests required by this
specification shall conform to those described in Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
12.2 Test specimens shall be taken from the ends of
finished pipe prior to upsetting, swaging, expanding, or
other forming operations, or being cut to length. They shall
be smooth on the ends and free from burrs and flaws.
12.3 If any test specimen shows flaws or defective
machining, it may be discarded and another specimen substituted.
8.4 For all nominal sizes, the outside diameter welding
flash shall be removed flush with the outside diameter
contour.
13. Nondestructive Test
13.1 The nondestructive test shall be made instead of
the hydrostatic test.
8.5 Undercut flash must be smoothly blended into the
pipe wall.
13.1.1 The test shall provide a 360° inspection for
sizes up to and including 3 1⁄2 in. (88.9 mm) outside
diameter.
8.6 The intent of the flash conditions as prescribed in
8.3, 8.4, and 8.5 is to obtain a surface contour suitable for
flanging.
9.
Number of Tests
9.1 Two tensile tests as specified in 6.1 shall be made
from each heat.
9.2 The flattening test as specified in 6.2 shall be made
on two lengths of pipe from each lot of 250 lengths or
fraction thereof.
13.1.2 For pipe larger than 31⁄2 in. (88.9 mm) outside
diameter, nondestructive inspection of the weld and heat
affected zone is required.
13.2 Each pipe shall be tested with a nondestructive
test in accordance with Practices E 213, E 273, E 309, or
E 570. Except as provided in 13.6.2, it is the intent of this
test to reject pipe with imperfections that produce test
signals equal to or greater than that of the calibration standard. In order to accommodate the various types of nondestructive testing equipment and techniques in use, and
1117
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SA-587
2010 SECTION II, PART A
manufacturing practices employed, any one of the following calibration standards may be used, at the option of
the producer, to establish a minimum sensitivity level for
rejection:
13.3 For eddy-current testing, the calibration pipe shall
contain, at the option of the producer, any one of the
following discontinuities to establish a minimum sensitivity level for rejection. For welded pipe, they shall be placed
in the weld if visible.
13.3.1 Drilled Hole — A hole not larger than
0.031 in. (0.79 mm) in diameter shall be drilled radially
and completely through the pipe wall, taking care to avoid
distortion of the pipe while drilling.
13.3.2 Transverse Tangential Notch — Using a
round tool or file with a 1⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) diameter, a notch
shall be filed or milled tangential to the surface and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, preferably in the
weld area. Said notch shall have a depth not exceeding
121⁄2% of the specified wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in.
(0.10 mm), whichever is greater.
the type of signal they produce on the testing equipment
used, or both:
13.6.2.1 Dinges.
13.6.2.2 Straightener marks.
13.6.2.3 Loose inside diameter bead and cutting
chips.
13.6.2.4 Scratches.
13.6.2.5 Steel die stamps.
13.6.2.6 Chattered flash trim.
13.6.2.7 Stop marks, or
13.6.2.8 Tube reducer ripple.
13.6.3 Any imperfection of the above type exceeding
0.004 in. (0.102 mm) or 121⁄2% of the specified wall thickness (whichever is greater) in depth shall be considered
injurious.
13.3.3 Longitudinal Notch — A notch 0.031 in.
(0.79 mm) or less in width shall be machined in a radial
plane parallel to the pipe axis on the outside surface of the
pipe, to a depth not exceeding 121⁄2% of the specified wall
thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in. (0.102 mm), whichever
is greater. The length of the notch shall be compatible with
the testing method.
13.4 For ultrasonic testing, the longitudinal calibration
reference notches shall be at the option of the producer,
any one of the three common notch shapes shown in Practices E 213 or E 273. The depth of the notch shall not
exceed 121⁄2% of the specified wall thickness of the pipe
or 0.004 in. (0.102 mm), whichever is greater. For welded
pipe, the notch shall be placed in the weld, if visible.
13.5 For flux leakage testing, each of the longitudinal
calibration notches shall be a straight sided notch not over
121⁄2% of the wall thickness in depth and not over 1.0 in.
(25 mm) in length. Both outside diameter and inside diameter notches shall be placed in the tube located sufficiently
apart to enable separation and identification of the signals.
13.6 Pipe producing a signal equal to or greater than
the calibration defect shall be subject to rejection. The area
producing the signal may be examined.
13.6.1 Test signals produced by imperfections that
cannot be identified, or produced by cracks or crack-like
defects shall result in rejection of the pipe subject to rework
and retest.
13.6.2 Test signals produced by imperfections such
as those listed below may be judged as injurious or noninjurious depending on visual observation or their severity or
13.6.3.1 If the imperfection is judged as injurious,
the pipe shall be rejected but may be reconditioned and
retested providing the dimensional requirements are met.
13.6.3.2 If the imperfection is explored to the
extent that it can be identified as noninjurious, the pipe may
be accepted without further test providing the imperfection
does not encroach on the minimum wall thickness.
14. Inspection
14.1 The inspector shall have entry at all times while
work on an order is being done to all parts of the manufacturer’s works that concern the manufacture of the pipe
ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector, without charge, all reasonable facilities to satisfy the inspector
that the material is being furnished in accordance with this
specification. All tests and inspection shall be made prior
to shipment.
14.2 When inspection at the place of manufacture has
been waived by the customer, the manufacturer shall furnish a statement that the material has been tested and has
met all the requirements of this specification. A certificate
or report shall be made available to the customer when all
the requirements of this specification have been met. When
Supplementary Requirement S1 is furnished, certificates
or reports furnished shall bear the notation “S-1.”
15. Rejection
15.1 Each length of pipe received from the manufacturer may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not
meet the requirements of this specification based on the
inspection and test method as outlined in the specification,
the length may be rejected and the manufacturer shall be
notified. Disposition of rejected pipe shall be a matter of
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
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15.2 Pipe found in fabrication or in installation to be
unsuitable for the intended use, under the scope and
requirements of this specification, may be set aside and
the manufacturer notified. Such pipe shall be subject to
mutual investigation as to the nature and severity of the
deficiency and the forming or installation, or both, conditions involved. Disposition shall be a matter for agreement.
16. Product Marking
16.1 Each length of pipe NPS 11⁄2 and larger shall be
legibly marked by either stenciling or stenciling and light
die marking. The die marking shall include the manufacturer’s logo or symbol and the stenciling shall include the
name or brand of the manufacturer, size, heat number, and
the specification number. Such marking shall be applied
starting within 8 in. (203 mm) of the end of each length.
SA-587
16.3 A tag shall be securely attached to each bundle
of pipe shipped indicating the name of the manufacturer,
size, wall thickness, length, and specification.
16.4 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
16.1, 16.2, and 16.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG)
standard prepared by the Primary Metals Subcommittee of
the AIAG Bar Code Project Team.
17.
Packaging
16.2 For NPS under 11⁄2, the markings prescribed in
16.1 may be applied to tags and securely attached to the
bundle, bale, or other unit, prepared for shipment.
17.1 The manufacturer, at his option, will box, crate,
carton, or package in secured lifts, or bundle to ensure
safe delivery. Special packaging requiring extra operations
other than those normally used by the manufacturer must
be specified on the order.
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 3
FLANGE REQUIREMENTS
Element
Composition, %
Carbon, max
Manganese
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
Aluminum
0.15
0.27–0.63
0.035
0.035
0.02–0.100
Outside Diameter of
Pipe, in.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
3
⁄4 to 21⁄2, incl
21⁄2 to 33⁄4, incl
33⁄4 to 41⁄2, incl
41⁄2 to 65⁄8, incl
6 5 ⁄8
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa)
Yield strength, min, psi (MPa)
Elongation in. 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %
48 000 (331)
30 000 (207)
40
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Width of Flange, % of OD
15
121⁄2
10
71⁄2
5
SA-587
2010 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 4
TOLERANCE FOR OUTSIDE DIAMETER AND WALL THICKNESS
NPS
Designator
Wall Thickness
Outside
Diameter
Min
Nom
Max
Min
Nom
Max
0.129
0.125
0.135
0.135
0.157
0.157
0.167
0.175
0.175
0.191
0.262
0.295
0.378
0.438
0.520
0.140
0.140
0.147
0.147
0.171
0.171
0.182
0.190
0.190
0.208
0.286
0.322
0.412
0.478
0.567
0.151
0.151
0.159
0.159
0.185
0.185
0.197
0.205
0.205
0.225
0.310
0.349
0.446
0.518
0.614
3.28
3.28
3.43
3.43
3.99
3.99
4.24
4.45
4.45
4.85
6.66
7.49
9.60
11.13
13.21
3.56
3.56
3.73
3.73
4.34
4.34
4.62
4.83
4.83
5.28
7.26
8.18
10.47
12.14
14.40
Inches
...
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
...
...
1
11⁄4
...
11⁄2
2
3
4
6
8
10
0.8125 ± 0.004
0.840 ± 0.006
1.050 ± 0.006
1.0625 ± 0.006
1.3125 ± 0.006
1.315 ± 0.006
1.660 ± 0.007
1.875 ± 0.008
1.900 ± 0.008
2.375 ± 0.010
3.500 ± 0.015
4.500 ± 0.017
6.625 ± .030
8.625 ± .040
10.750 ± .050
0.095
0.095
0.099
0.099
0.116
0.116
0.121
0.127
0.127
0.135
0.189
0.207
0.245
0.282
0.319
0.103
0.103
0.108
0.108
0.126
0.126
0.132
0.138
0.158
0.147
0.206
0.226
0.267
0.308
0.348
0.111
0.111
0.117
0.117
0.136
0.136
0.143
0.149
0.149
0.159
0.223
0.245
0.289
0.334
0.377
Millimeters
...
1
⁄2
3
⁄4
...
...
1
11⁄4
...
11⁄2
2
3
4
6
8
10
20.64 ± 0.10
21.30 ± 0.15
26.70 ± 0.15
26.99 ± 0.15
33.34 ± 0.15
33.40 ± 0.15
42.16 ± 0.18
47.63 ± 0.20
48.30 ± 0.020
60.33 ± 0.25
88.90 ± 0.38
114.30 ± 0.43
168.28 ± 0.76
219.08 ± 1.02
273.05 ± 1.27
2.41
2.41
2.51
2.51
2.95
2.95
3.07
3.22
3.22
3.43
4.80
5.26
6.22
7.16
8.10
2.62
2.62
2.74
2.74
3.20
3.20
3.35
3.51
3.51
3.73
5.23
5.74
9.32
7.82
8.84
2.82
2.82
2.97
2.97
3.45
3.45
3.63
3.78
3.78
4.04
5.66
6.22
7.34
8.48
9.58
TABLE 5
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN LENGTHA
Outside
Diameter, in.
Cut Length, in. (mm)
Over
Under
⁄8 (3.2)
⁄16 (4.8)
0
0
1
Under 2
2 and over
3
A
These permissible variations in length apply to pipe before bending. They apply to cut lengths up to and
including 24 ft (7.3 m). For lengths over 24 ft, an additional over-tolerance of 1⁄8 in. for each 10 ft
(3.0 m) or fraction thereof shall be permissible, up to a maximum of 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm).
1120
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3.84
3.84
4.04
4.04
4.70
4.70
5.00
5.21
5.21
5.72
7.87
8.87
11.33
13.16
15.60
2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-587
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the supplementary requirements described below may be included in the
purchaser’s order or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have
the same force as if it were in the body of the specification. Supplementary requirements
details not fully described shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier,
but shall not negate any of the requirements in the body of the specification.
S1. Hydrostatic Testing
S1.1 Hydrostatic testing shall be in accordance with
Specification A 530/A 530M. When this supplement is furnished the pipe shall be marked “S-1.”
S3. Surface Coatings
S3.1 All surfaces shall be coated; the exterior with a
hard drying lacquer, and the interior with a suitable rust
inhibitor.
S2. Galvanizing
S2.1 Galvanizing shall be in accordance with Specification A 53, except that the rate of application shall be 1.3
minimum to 1.7 maximum oz per f2.
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-592/SA-592M
SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH-STRENGTH QUENCHED
AND TEMPERED LOW-ALLOY STEEL FORGED
FITTINGS AND PARTS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS
SA-592 /SA-592M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 592 /A 592M-04(R09).]
1.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers high-strength quenched
and tempered low-alloy steel forged fittings and parts for
pressure vessels. The maximum thickness of forgings under
this specification shall be 11⁄2 in. [38 mm] for Grade A,
and 4 in. [100 mm] for Grades E and F.
A 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
Size
NOTE 1— These grades are similar to corresponding grades in Specification A 517 /A 517M.
3.
1.2 Although no provision is made for supplementary
requirements in this standard, the supplementary requirements in Specification A 788 may be considered by the
purchaser.
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
Specification A 788, the purchaser shall include with the
inquiry and order the following information:
Ordering Information and General
Requirements
3.1.1 A detailed drawing, a sketch, or written description of the forging.
1.3 Welding technique is of fundamental importance
and it is presupposed that welding procedures will be in
accordance with approved methods for the class of material used.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard;
within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in nonconformance with the specification.
3.1.2 The charpy impact test temperature if a test
temperature lower than 32°F [0°C] is required.
3.1.3 Additional heat treatment cycles to be applied
to the mechanical test specimens following removal from
the heat-treated forging or special forged test block.
3.1.4 Required supplementary requirement(s) from
specification A 788.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform
to the requirements of Specification A 788, which outlines
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification, product analysis variations, and
additional supplementary requirements. Failure to comply
with the requirements of Specification A 788 constitutes
non-conformance with this specification.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the
inch-pound units.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 517 /A 517M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,
Alloy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 788, the
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
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SA-592/SA-592M
4.
2010 SECTION II, PART A
Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Melting Process — The steel shall be made in accordance with the Melting Process Section of Specification
A 788.
4.2 Grain Size — The steel shall be fully killed, fine
grained (ASTM No. 5 or finer), as determined in accordance with Test Methods E 112, Plate IV.
4.3 Discard — Sufficient discard shall be made from
each ingot to ensure freedom from piping and excessive
segregation.
4.4 The finished product shall be a hot-worked forging
as defined by Specification A 788, and shall be forged as
close as practicable to the finished shape and size.
5.
Heat Treatment
6.
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5.1 After forging and before reheating, the forgings
shall be cooled to provide substantially complete transformation of austenite. Heat treatment for properties shall
consist of heating the forgings to not less than 1650°F
[900°C], quenching in a liquid medium, and tempering at
1150°F [620°C] minimum, with a holding time of 1 h/in.
[1 h/25 mm] minimum, but in no case less than 1⁄2 h.
7.2.2 Samples shall be removed so that the test specimens will have their major axes parallel to the direction
of major working of the forging.
7.2.3 Test specimens may be machined from a production forging, or prolongation thereof, or from special
forged blocks suitably worked and heat treated with the
production forgings. Such special blocks shall be obtained
from an ingot, slab, or billet from the same heat as the
forgings they represent and shall be reduced by forging in
a manner similar to that for the products to be represented.
The forging reduction for a special test block shall not
exceed the minimum forging reduction of the forgings
represented, and its thickness shall not be less than the
maximum thickness of the forgings represented. If a forging is tested, the tests must represent the maximum section
thickness in the lot. All test specimens shall be located at
the mid-plane of the thickness and, the mid length position
of the gauge length ffoor tension test specimens, or the
notch of the Charpy V-notch impact test specimens shall
be at least T from any second surface of the production
forging or test block, where T equals the maximum heat
treated thickness of the forging.
7.3 Number of Tests and Retests:
7.3.1 Number of Tests, and Test Temperature:
Chemical Requirements
6.1 Heat Analysis — The heat analysis obtained from
sampling in accordance with Specification A 788 shall
comply with Table 1.
6.2 Product Analysis — The purchaser may use the
product analysis provision of Specification A 788 to obtain
a product analysis from a forging representing each heat
or multiple heat.
7.
(This is intended to simulate subsequent thermal treatments
which may be performed by the fabricator.)
Mechanical Requirements
7.1 The forgings as represented by tension tests shall
conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 2, and to
Table 3 for lateral expansion opposite the notch in Charpy
V-notch impact tests. In addition, for the Charpy impact
test, the values of energy absorption in foot-pounds [or
joules] and the fracture appearance in percent shear shall
be recorded and reported for information.
7.2 Sampling:
7.2.1 Samples for mechanical test specimens shall be
removed after the quenching and tempering heat treatment.
The purchaser shall specify any additional thermal treatments that shall be given to the heat treated test specimens.
7.3.1.1 One room-temperature tension test and one
set of three Charpy V-notch specimens shall be made to
represent the maximum section from each heat in each
heat-treatment charge. Impact tests shall be conducted at
the temperature specified on the order, but no higher than
32°F [0°C].
7.3.1.2 One grain size test shall be made from
each heat.
7.3.2 Retests of Tension Specimens — If the results of
tension tests do not conform to the requirements specified,
retests are permitted, as outlined in Test Method A 370
and Specification A 788.
7.3.3 Retests of Impact Specimens:
7.3.3.1 If the lateral expansion value for one specimen is below 0.015 in. [0.38 mm] but not below 0.010 in.
[0.25 mm] and the average equals or exceeds 0.015 in.
[0.38 mm], a retest of three additional specimens may be
made. Each of the three retest specimens must equal or
exceed the specified minimum value of 0.015 in.
[0.38 mm].
7.4 Test Methods — Tension and impact tests shall be
made in accordance with the latest issue of Test Methods
and Definitions A 370.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
8.
Repair Welding
8.1 Repair welding of forgings may be permitted but
onlyat the option of the purchaser. Such repair welds shall
be made in accordance with Section IX of the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
10.
SA-592/SA-592M
Product Marking
10.1 Each forging shall be identified in accordance
with the Marking Section of Specification A 788.
11.
9.
Test Reports
9.1 The certification requirements of Specification
A 788 shall apply.
Keywords
11.1 high-strength low-alloy steel; fittings—steel; pressure vessel service; quenched and tempered steel; steel
forgings—alloy
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
A
Element
Grade A
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus, max
Sulfur, max
Silicon
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Vanadium
Titanium
Zirconium
Copper
Boron
0.15–0.21
0.80–1.10
0.025
0.025
0.40–0.80
...
0.50–0.80
0.18–0.28
...
...
0.05–0.15
...
0.0025 max
A
B
Grade EA
Grade FA
0.12–0.20
0.40–0.70
0.025
0.025
0.20–0.35
...
1.40–2.00
0.40–0.60
0.10–0.20
0.60–1.00
0.025
0.025
0.15–0.35
0.70–1.00
0.40–0.65
0.40–0.60
0.03–0.08
...
...
0.15–0.50
0.002–0.006
B
0.04–0.10
...
0.20–0.40
0.0015–0.005
Similar to Specification A 517/A 517M Grades A, E, and F, respectively.
May be substituted for part or all of titanium content on a one-for-one basis.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Tensile strength, psi (MPa)
Yield strength (0.2% offset), min,
psi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %
Reduction of area, min, %
Up to 21⁄2 in.
[65 mm], incl
Over 21⁄2 in. to 4 in.
[65 to 100 mm],
incl
115 000 to 135 000
[795 to 930]
100 000 [690]
105 000 to 135 000
[725 to 930]
90 000 [620]
18
45
17
40
TABLE 3
CHARPY IMPACT TEST REQUIREMENTS
15 mils (0.015 in.) [0.38 mm]A
All Grades and Thicknesses
A
Minimum value for each of three specimens. See 7.3.3.
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2010 SECTION II, PART A
SA-609 /SA-609M
SPECIFICATION FOR CASTINGS, CARBON, LOWALLOY, AND MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL,
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION THEREOF
SA-609 /SA-609M
[Identical with ASTM Specification A 609 /A 609M-91(R07).]
1.
2.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 217 /A 217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts,
Suitable for High-Temperature Service
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Testing
E 317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics
of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Systems Without the
Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
Scope
1.1 This practice covers the standards and procedures
for the pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of heat-treated
carbon, low-alloy, and martensitic stainless steel castings
by the longitudinal-beam technique.
1.2 This practice is to be used whenever the inquiry,
contract, order, or specification states that castings are to
be subjected to ultrasonic examination in accordance with
Practice A 609 /A 609M.
2.2 Other Document:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive
Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification
1.3 This practice contains two procedures for ultrasonic
inspection of carbon, low-alloy, and martensitic stainless
steel castings, that is, Procedure A and Procedure B. Procedure A is the original A 609 /A 609M practice and requires
calibration using a series of test blocks containing flat
bottomed holes. It also provides supplementary requirements for angle beam testing. Procedure B requires calibration using a back wall reflection from a series of solid
calibration blocks.
3.
Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and order should specify which procedure is to be used. If a procedure is not specified, Procedure
A shall be used.
3.2 Procedure A — Flat-Bottomed Hole Calibration
Procedure:
NOTE 1 — Ultrasonic examination and radiography are not directly
comparable. This examination technique is intended to complement Guide
E 94 in the detection of discontinuities.
1.4 The values stated in either inch–pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with this practice.
3.2.1 When this practice is to be applied to an inquiry,
contract, or order, the purchaser shall furnish the following
information:
3.2.1.1 Quality levels for the entire casting or
portions thereof.
3.2.1.2 Sections of castings requiring longitudinalbeam examination.
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1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of
the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1.3 Sections of castings requiring dual element
examination.
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3.2.1.4 Sections of castings requiring supplementary examination, using the angle-beam procedure
described in Supplementary Requirement S1 in order to
achieve more complete examination.
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SA-609 /SA-609M
2010 SECTION II, PART A
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3.2.1.5 Any requirements additional to the provisions of this practice.
block of the maximum test thickness shall be made to
supplement the basic set.
3.3 Procedure B: Back-Wall Reflection Calibration
Procedure — When this procedure is to be applied to an
inquiry, contract, or order, the purchaser shall designate the
quality levels for the entire casting or applicable portions.
4.3.4 Machined blocks with 3⁄32 in. [2.4 mm] diameter
flat-bottom holes at depths from the entry surface of 1⁄8 in.
[3 mm], 1⁄2 in. [13 mm], or 1⁄2t and 3⁄4 in. [19 mm], or 3⁄4t
(where t p thickness of the block) shall be used to establish
the DAC for the dual-element search units (see Fig. 2).
PROCEDURE A — FLAT-BOTTOMED HOLE
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
4.3.5 Each reference block shall be permanently
identified along the side of the block indicating the material
and the block identification.
4.
Apparatus
4.1 Electronic Apparatus:
4.4 Couplant — A suitable couplant having good wetting characteristics shall be used between the search unit
and examination surface. The same couplant shall be used
for calibrations and examinations.
4.1.1 An ultrasonic, pulsed, reflection type of instrument that is capable of generating, receiving, and amplifying frequencies of at least 1 to 5 MHz.
4.1.2 The ultrasonic instrument shall provide linear
presentation (within ±5%) for at least 75% of the screen
height (sweep line to top of screen). Linearity shall be
determined in accordance with Practice E 317 or equivalent
electronic means.
5.
Personnel Requirements
5.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for assigning
qualified personnel to perform ultrasonic examination in
conformance with the requirements of this practice.
5.2 Personnel performing ultrasonic examinations in
accordance with this practice shall be familiar with the
following:
4.1.3 The electronic apparatus shall contain a signal
attenuator or calibrated gain control that shall be accurate
over its useful range to ±10% of the nominal attenuation
or gain ratio to allow measurement of signals beyond the
linear range of the instrument.
5.2.1 Ultrasonic terminology.
5.2.2 Instrument calibration.
5.2.3 Effect of transducer material, size, frequency,
and mode on test results.
4.2 Search Units:
4.2.1 Longitudinal Wave, internally grounded, having
a 1⁄2 to 11⁄8 in. [13 to 28 mm] diameter or 1 in. [25 mm]
square piezo-electric elements. Based on the signals-tonoise ratio of the response pattern of the casting, a frequency in the range from 1 to 5 MHz shall be used. The
background noise shall not exceed 25% of the distance
amplitude correction curve (DAC). Transducers shall be
utilized at their rated frequencies.
5.2.4 Effect of material structure (grain size, cleanliness, etc.) on test results.
5.2.5 Effect of test distance on test results.
5.2.6 Effect of nonlinearity on test results.
5.2.7 Effect of thickness and orientation of discontinuities on test results.
5.2.8 Effect of surface roughness on test results.
4.2.2 Dual-Element, 5 MHz, 1⁄2 by 1 in. [13 by
25 mm], 12° included angle search units are recommended
for sections 1 in. [25 mm] and under.
5.3 A qualification record (see Note 2) of personnel
considered suitable by the manufacturer to perform examinations in accordance with this practice shall be available
upon request.
4.2.3 Other frequencies and sizes of search units may
be used for evaluating and pinpointing indications.
4.3 Reference Blocks:
4.3.1 Refe