NFPA 20 1-8 (3.2) NFPA Official Definitions
Authority Having Jurisdiction.* The organization,
office, or individual responsible for approving
equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.
A-1-8 (3.2.2)
Authority Having Jurisdiction.
The phrase “authority having jurisdiction” is used in NFPA documents in a
broad manner, since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do their
responsibilities. Where public safety is primary, the authority having
jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or
individual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire prevention bureau,
labor department, or health department; building official; electrical
inspector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an
insurance inspection department, rating bureau, or other insurance
company representative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many
circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes
the role of the authority having jurisdiction; at government installations,
the commanding officer or departmental official may be the authority
having jurisdiction.
NFPA 20 (3.2.1)
Approved.* Acceptable to the
authority having jurisdiction.
A-1-8 (A.3.2.1) Approved.
The National Fire Protection Association does not approve,
inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment,
or materials; nor does it approve or evaluate testing
laboratories. In determining the acceptability of
installations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the
authority having jurisdiction may base acceptance on
compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In
the absence of such standards, said authority may require
evidence of proper installation, procedure, or use. The
authority having jurisdiction may also refer to the listings
or labeling practices of an organization ( UL or <FM> )
that is concerned with product evaluations and is thus in a
position to determine compliance with appropriate
standards for the current production of listed items.
WATER SUPPLY NFPA 20 (5.6)
The most common sources of fire
protection water are: city water, above
ground tank, below ground tank, well, or
an open body of water ( pond, river,
lake, etc. )
NFPA 20 (6.1.2) Centrifugal pumps shall
not be used where a static suction lift is
required.
Find out how many GPM are required and how much PSI
is needed to make the sprinkler and/or stand pipe system
work… Will the “proposed” water supply and fire
pump meet the system demand ?
Will the water supply be adequate at 150% of the
fire pump rated flow??? NFPA 20 (5.6.2)
(5.6.5.1)
NFPA 20 (5.6.2.2) Where the water supply
from a public service main is not adequate in
quality, quantity, or pressure, an alternative
water source “SHALL” be provided.
NFPA 20 (5.6.5) Head.
The head (suction
pressure) available from a water supply shall be
figured on the basis of a flow of 150 percent of
the rated capacity of the fire pump. This head
should be determined by a flow test of the water
supply prior to ordering the pump.
--SAMPLE--
NOTE: Water supply flow test - MUST
BE CONDUCTED BEFORE A PUMP IS
SPECIFIED AND ORDERED! (5.6.5)
This water supply has a 6” line and an 8” that will feed a 1000 GPM pump.
The top curve has both lines open, the lower curve has only the 6” open.
In the worst condition (6” only) the line will provide 1000 GPM @ 45 PSI.
Theoretical Conditions
P
U
M
P
H
E
A
323 ‘
231 ‘
.
NFPA 20 Theoretical
Maximum Churn
HEAD “Must not
exceed” 140 % of
Rated HEAD
NFPA 20 100%
“Rated” Condition
500 GPM @ 231 ‘
HEAD
NFPA 20 Theoretical
Minimum Head AT
150% of RATED FLOW
- Head Must Be
“Above “ 65% of
Rated Head
500 GPM
STATE
PUMP FLOW in GPM
750 GPM
of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
6
Total Head (H), Horizontal Pumps.* The
measure of the “work increase” per pound
(kilogram) of liquid, imparted to the liquid by the
pump, and therefore the algebraic difference
between the total discharge head and the total
suction head.
Where “positive” suction head exists,
the total head ( work increase ) = the
total discharge head ‘minus’ ( - )
the total suction head.
Total Head (H), Vertical Turbine Pumps.* The
distance from the pumping water level to the center of the
discharge gauge ‘plus’ ( + ) the total discharge head.
CALIBRATED ??
CALIBRATED ??
PSI / HEAD (ft)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
8
HORIZONTAL
PUMPS
To determine “
H ” (net PSI)
subtract
Suction PSI
from
Discharge PSI
150 PSI
50 PSI
100 PSI
231’ (ft)
To determine
FEET of HEAD
multiply “ H “
(net PSI) X 2.31
The suction pressure must
be (0 psi) or higher when
pump is operating at 150 %.
When suction is from a tank
the pressure is permitted to
drop to (-3 psi). NFPA 20
(5.14.3)
.
“RATED”
100 %
FLOW
.
“RATED
ACTUAL CITY WATER
FROM PUMP TEST
STATE
FLOW IN GPM
“ 150 %
C
100% FLOW
“ “
FLOW
.
.
H
E
A
D
B
.
.
.
A
“CHURN”
Pressure
of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
10
PUMP FLOW
DETERMINATION
WITH FLOW
METER
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
11
NOZZLE (PLAY PIPE)
AND PITOT TUBE
PUMP FLOW
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
DETERMINATION
12
<FM> FLOW CHART
UL / FM
CENTRIFUGAL
FIRE PUMPS
PACKAGED PUMP HOUSE
Prefabricated Fire Pump House
SITE PREPARATION : Slab or Footer
NOTE :
No Spreader Bars !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
19
Field Erected Pump House or Pump Room
Vertical
In-Line
Horizontal
Split - Case
Vertical Turbine
To Test Head
Jockey
Pump
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
24
Horizontal Split - Case Fire Pump
Water
Seal
Piping
NOTE: Water seal
piping is not provided
on UL Fire Pumps
with suction pressure
of 30 psi or more !
YOU MUST
ACCURATELY
DETERMINE THE
SUCTION PRESSURE
“BEFORE” THE PUMP
IS ORDERED !!
NFPA 20 (5.2.2)
(5.6.2.3)
#1
Actual
suction
pressure
MUST NOT
exceed
this !
“ACTUAL” Suction pressure MUST be
determined BEFORE you order the pump !
NFPA 20 (5.2.2) (5.6.2.3)
Look at the pipe
fittings !!
This pump installation
develops 213 PSI at
churn.
A 125 lb flanged fitting
is rated at 175 PSI
maximum working
pressure !! NFPA 20
(5.7.4.1)
NO RODS !!!
SAFE ??
NFPA 13 15.1.6.1.1
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
28
NFPA 20
(5.7.4.1)
(5.7.4.2)
Variable
Speed PLC
(5.18.1.3)
(5.18.7)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
29
Circulation Relief Valve
¾”
is the MINIMUM size for up
to 2500 GPM Rated Pump*.
1” MIN. for larger pumps ???
NFPA 20 (5.11)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
*
30
55 L
918
19 - 20
Circulation “Case”
Relief Valve
NFPA 20 2-6 (5.11)
NOTE : Not required on diesel
engine-driven HSC fire pumps unless
the engine is radiator-cooled !
*
10691
FWC
Typical CIRCULATION (CASE)
RELIEF VALVE Assembly – The
valve must be installed
(VERTICALLY) on the pump
discharge before the discharge
check valve NFPA 20 (5.11.1.2)
NOTE: (Optional) Y strainer can
be used when foreign material
(sand or other debris) is present
in the water.
ORIFICE
FLOW
NOTE: Above
(optional) Backpressure orifice
assembly installed
in ¾” case relief
valve discharge to
create back
pressure and
reduce cavitation.
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
32
Automatic Air
Air Release
Release
Automatic
NFPA
20 20 2-6 2-6
(6.3.3)
NFPA
NOTE :
Automatic
air release
valve
installed
NFPA
20
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
34
(5.14)
PIPE SIZE ?
NFPA 20
(5.14.3.4)
! Elbows and tees with a centerline
plane parallel to a horizontal split-case
pump shaft shall be avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6. (5.14.6.3.1)
If there is a parallel elbow : YOU
MUST HAVE 10 PIPE DIAMETERS
of STRAIGHT PIPE BETWEEN THE
ELBOW AND PUMP SUCTION
FLANGE (5.14.6.3.2)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
35
NFPA 20
2-9.6.4
(5.14.6.4)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
36
NFPA 20
2-9.6.4
(5.14.6.4)
SUCTION
SUCTION
NFPA 20
SUCTION
2-9.6.3
Elbows and tees
with a centerline
plane parallel to
a horizontal
split-case pump
shaft shall be
avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6.
(5.14.6.3.1)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
38
CORRECTED !!!
NOTE: No ELBOWS
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
39
OSY
Suction
Valve
NOTE: Backflow Preventer!
NOTE: The long straight run of
suction pipe after a
HORIZONTAL 90 DEGREE
ELBOW !
More than 10 pipe diameters ?
(5.14.6.3.2)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
41
Is this
Suction
Piping
OK ?
SUCTION
SUPPLY City Water
(5.14.6.3.3)
Is this HSC vertical
installation
“REALLY” a space
saver ??
IS IT CORRECT ??
OK ?
SUCTION
DISCHARGE
NFPA 20
(5.14.6.3.1)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
43
NOTE: Backflow
Preventer on DISCHARGE
side of Pump !! (5.26)
(5.14.9)
City By
-Pass
Study and
understand the
piping !
Ask questions
if you are not
sure !
PUMP
Suction
#2
STATE of OHIO FIRE
NOTE : Left Hand
Rotation ! *
Counter Clockwise !
CONFIRM
BEFORE you order
the PUMP !!
NFPA
20 (5.22)
SCHOOL
- BGSU
44
?
y-Pass
City Water B
Test Header
Control Valve
and Piping
#3
What is the SUPPLY Voltage ?
Is a Transfer Switch required ?
DOUBLE CHECK and CONFIRM
BEFORE you order the pump
NOTE: Test Header Piping is
Connected Between the
Pump Discharge Check Valve
and the Discharge (System)
Shut - Off Valve.
NFPA 20 (A.5.19.3.1)
Test Header
Control
Valve and
Piping
FLOW
NOTE : No drain valve on
bottom of test head pipe !
NFPA 20 (5.19.3.3.1)
FIRE PUMP TEST
CONNECTION
(5.19.3)
#4
What hose threads are
required on the hose valves
in your jurisdiction ?
CHECK and CONFIRM
before you order the
pump ! NFPA 20
(5.19.3.2)
FIRE
PUMP
TEST
HEAD
Fire Pump Test
Head
Must be located where the
motor and controller will
not be damaged by
spraying or splashing
water.
Preferably outside of
the pump house or the
pump room !
NFPA 20 (A.5.19.3.1)
NFPA 20
A-2-14.3.1
TEST HEAD ??
HOSE /TEST VALVES
(A.5.19.3.1)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
50
What coupling will be
accepted by LAHJ ? FIND
OUT ! ASK !
“UL”
Listed ?? NFPA 20 (6.5)
#5
FALK Steel Flex – APPROVED ??
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
51
Drive Shaft – APPROVED ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
52
<FM> and IRI Bulletin 91-9
DO NOT USE Elastomer
Couplings ON UL/FM
FIRE PUMPS !
< FM> 9-2006
IRI Bulletin 91-9
LOOSE SET-SCREWS ????
TB Woods
Elastomer
Coupling
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
57
Diesel Driven
HSC Fire Pumps
Engine HP De-rate (11.2.2) *
3% for every 1000’ ALT. above 300’
1% for every 10 degrees (F) above 77
#6
NEW: NFPA 20 (11.2.4.2)
Pressure-Limiting Drivers
(5.18.6.3)
100 PSI
170 PSI
240 PSI
FOR TESTING
(14.2.7.3.7.3)
NOTE : With a PLD
All pump discharge
fittings, TO and
including the
system shut off
valve, must be
rated for the
MAXIMUM
discharge (CHURN)
CLARKE Fire Protection Products
System Relief Valve is
Required when a Variable
Speed – OR -Pressure Limiting Driver
is used (5.18.1.3 ) *
-------also--------Required when
diesel fire pump churn
pressure X 1.21 (plus
maximum static suction)
exceeds the maximum
working pressure of the
system components
NFPA 20 (5.18.1.1) *
#7 REQUIRED ?
(5.18.1.1)
NOTE: This
Pump did not
require a main
relief valve since
the sum of the
churn pressure
times 121%
plus the max.
suction pressure
is only 142 PSI.
No Relief
Valve ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
63
Combustion Air Louver
NOTE: Relief
valve is piped to
waste outside
of building
(5.18.6)
(A.5.18.5)
Water
supply is
from a
ground
storage
tank
NOTE: Flexible
Dresser Pipe
Couplings to allow for
tank settling!
( A.5.17 )
Note: Packing drain
lines run to a floor
drain.(5.12.6.2)
Relief valve discharge is
permitted to be piped
back to the above ground
storage tank (5.18.6.3)
When Pump
Maximum
Discharge
Pressure is
evaluated
with the 121
% rule
NFPA 20
(A.5.18.1)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
65
NOTE: System (Main) Relief Valve (if
used) is connected to the pump
discharge BEFORE the Discharge
Check Valve !! (5.18.3)
Engine Cooling
Water Piping –
NFPA 20 (11.2.6.3)
(5.18.5)
e
Wast
e
v
l
f Va
Relie
.6)
(5.18
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
66
Where the cooling water contains
foreign material such as leaves, grass,
wood chips, etc – duplex filter type
strainers should be provided.
NFPA 20
(A.11.2.6.4)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
67
ENGINE cooling
waste water
MUST be piped so
the flow can be
VISUALLY
observed and
confirmed.
The discharge
pipe MUST be at
least one size
larger than the
inlet.
NFPA 20
(11.2.6.6)
ste
a
rW
e
t
Wa ain
g
lin n Dr .6.6)
o
o
C Ope 11.2
(
To A 20
P
NF P
EMERGENCY MANUAL STARTING
PROCEDURE - NFPA 20 (11.6.6)
C
F
C
=
Cooling Water
=
Fuel
=
Crank
EMERGENCY
MANUAL
STARTING
PROCEDURE
(11.6.6)
CUMMINS
SET at 120 % of
Rated RPM *****
NOTE !
#1
COOLING
WATER
#2
FUEL
#3
CRANK
BE SURE THAT YOU
KNOW WHERE
THE OVERSPEED
RESET IS ON
EVERY TYPE OF
ENGINE THAT YOU
SELL or INSTALL !!
INSTRUCT THE
OWNER’S
REPRESENTATIVE
OR OPERATOR.
#1
For EMERGENCY
OPERATION of “ANY ENGINE”
the by-pass AND normal
COOLING WATER VALVES must
ALL be - OPEN !
With Newer Engines, the toggle switch, when in MANUAL
will turn on both FUEL and COOLING WATER
#2
#3
CRANK
BATTERY 1 or 2
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
74
NFPA 20 (11.5.3)
Exhaust pipes
shall be installed
with clearances of
at least 9” to
combustible
material.
Insulate or guard exhaust
pipe???
NFPA 20
(11.5.3.3)
NOTE: Victaulic
fittings with
rubber gaskets ?
FLEX CONNECTOR
¼” MAX.
MISALIGNMENT ??
Exhaust Fan and Air Intake Louver
NFPA 20
(11.3.2.4)
MAX 120
degrees F
NFPA 20
(11.3.2.3)
Fuel
Return
(12.4.1.3 - 11) Tank must
be kept 2/3 full !
NOTE : UL Listed tanks must
have a metal “ UL ”
nameplate attached to the
tank !
LOOK FOR IT !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
80
Top 5% and bottom 5% of
tank volume is not used in
determining capacity of tank.
NFPA 20 8-4.3 (11.4) *
Bottom 5%
FUEL Tank Drains
NFPA 20
A-8-4.6 (A.11.4.6)
Fuel Supply Valve
locked in OPEN
position …NFPA 20
A-8-4.6 (A.11.4.6)
NEW: 2003
NFPA 20
(11.4.6.2)
Fuel lines
no copper
or
galvanized
The fuel supply
opening to the engine
shall be no lower
than the engine fuel
pump centerline.
NFPA 20 (11.4.5.4)
Fuel
Return
Fuel Level
(11.4.5.7)
Fuel tank capacity
Low Fuel
Switch *
SET AT 2/3
(12.4.1.3)
NFPA 20 (11.4.3) *
Tank location inside NFPA 20 (11.4.5.6)
Fill and vent piping STATE
NFPA
20
(11.4.5.8)
of OHIO
FIRE
SCHOOL - BGSU
83
The flash arrester
should be a minimum
11’- 0” above the top
of the fuel tank NFPA
20 (A.11.4.6)
10 ‘
NOTE : Dual Flash
Arresters
(VENTS) for
“DOUBLE WALL”
Fuel Tanks !
Tank Fill SHOULD BE Piped
to the outside
(A.11.4.5)
5 PSI Hydro-test at the JOB ??
To
Engine
Some “LAHJ” REQUIRE a containment dike,
even when a double wall tank is provided !
CHECK and LEARN
THE LOCAL CODES !
#8
Vertical In-Line Fire Pump
Suction
Inlet
ALL Pump Rooms are
Required to have a FLOOR
DRAIN!!! (5.12.6.2)
Circulation “CASE” Relief
Valve Piped To A Floor
Drain. (5.11)*
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL -
Packing Drain
Lines Run to a
Floor Drain. Do
not combine
with case relief
valve piping! !!
BGSU (5.11.1.5) 89
#9
NOTE STRAINER!
10 p
i
dia. pe
??
NFPA 20 (6.3.4)
NOTE: Strainer requirement
was removed after 2007STATE
!
of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
90
NO SUCTION STRAINER ?? WHY NOT ?
STATE of OHIO
(6.3.4) A Hand Hole is “NOT” a
Strainer!! Could You Get Rocks
and Boards out of this small
“
FIRE
SCHOOL
91
PIPE
PLUG- “BGSU
opening ??
Could YOU get this stuff out of a “PIPE PLUG
OPENING” in the bottom of an Inline Fire Pump ?
Could this be why a strainer Is “REQUIRED” ?
Vertical Turbine Fire Pump
NFPA 20 (7.4.1)
Motor HP and
THRUST limits must
meet or exceed
those of the Fire
Pump. CHECK !
(7.5.1.1) (9.5.2)
#10
NOTE: Automatic air release
NFPA 20 (7.3.5.2.3) “SHALL BE”
Located between the fire pump and
the discharge check valve. *
NOTE: Automatic air release “SHALL BE” Located
in the highest point in the discharge line, between
the fire pump and the discharge check valve. NFPA
STATE of OHIO FIRE
20 (7.3.5.2.3)
*
SCHOOL - BGSU
95
NFPA 20
(7.6.2.3)
ACCESS FOR REMOVAL ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
96
NFPA 20 ( 7.4.3.7 )
I– beams must be parallel
to the driver !
One degree of off-set is the preferred
angle, per drive shaft manufacturers!!
NFPA 20 (6.5)
(7.5.1.7.2)
STATE of OHIO
FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
99
#11
CHECK the pump HP and THRUST requirements.
CHECK the gear HP and THRUST limits.
CHECK the engine HP rating.
THIS MUST BE DONE BEFORE THE PUMP IS
ORDERED !! ( 7.5.1.6.4 )
NFPA 20 (7.6.1.3)
Top Shaft Nut is
used to raise
shaft and
impellers
approximately
1/8 “ inch. (see
instruction
book)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
101
Screen openings equal to 1
sq. in. for every GPM
(pump capacity at 150%)
(at LOWEST Water LEVEL)
NFPA 20 (5.14.8)
#12
Confirm proper
submergence
(Pump Length) *
Water Vel,
2’/sec Max
*
Water Vel.
1’/sec Max
NFPA 20 (A.7.2.2.2) (5.14.8)
(7.2.2.2)
Removable screens NFPA 20 (5.14.8.3)
Intake size NFPA 20 (5.14.8.4)
Removable screens NFPA 20 A4-2.2.2 (5.14.8.3)
Intake size NFPA 20 A4-2.2
(5.14.8.4)
With a vertical turbine fire
pump a plugged screen will
affect the water level in the
sump and a plugged basket
strainer on the bottom of the
pump will reduce the total
pump performance.
NFPA 20
2003
Zebra Mussel Infestation
(5.14.8.12)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
106
VTFP INTAKE PROBLEMS………..
Removable screens NFPA 20 A4-2.2.2 (5.14.8.3)
Intake size ???
NFPA 20 A4-2.2 (5.14.8.4)
2 ft/sec and
1 Sq. Inch per
GPM at
150% Flow ?
Pond Maintenance
-ORLack of !!!
Proper pond
Maintenance
PART 2
FIRE PUMP
Acceptance Testing
In The State of
OHIO
FIRE PUMP ACCEPTANCE TEST
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Check for company and individual LICENSING.
Check for HYDRO and FLUSHING CERTIFICATES.
Check for CERTIFIED shop test curve vs. SYSTEM DEMAND.
Has the pump been properly ALIGNED and PRE-TESTED???
Record all pump, driver, and controller data. (HP, VOLTAGE, etc.)
Look system over…sensing lines, reducers, piping , water supply….
Check for CERTIFICATE of CALIBRATION for test equip. (SAFE??)
Decide in advance just what is to take place during the test
Operate the pump at churn (no flow)….temp., brgs., packing, etc.
Record PSI, RPM, AMPS, VOLTS, (compare and plot results).
Operate the pump at additional flow points 50%, 100%, 150%,.
Record PSI, RPM, AMPS, VOLTS, (compare and plot results).
6 AUTO Starts and 6 MANUAL Starts. (One Full Load Start)
Controller and Driver alarms connected / tested (electric and diesel)
Start and Stop PSI for Main Fire Pump and Jockey Pump.
Low Suction Control Set Point AND Alarm Connected???
Operators trained in maintenance and weekly testing???
Review test results - ASK QUESTIONS!!!!!! Do it again ???
STOP!!!! Don’t accept it if the data is not CORRECT!!!!
1. Check for company and
individual LICENSING as
REQUIRED by STATE or LAHJ.
CHECK EVERYONE who touches the
equipment…pump guy, fitters, controller
guy, and engine guy!!! They all must have
a license to service, test, repair, or install
any fire protection equipment in the State
of Ohio.
Compare with driver’s license…..
Check every year…..
RECORD the information…….
RECORD NAMES OF ALL FIELD
ACCEPTANCE TEST PERSONNEL
 (LAHJ) FIRE DEPT OFFICIAL
OWNER’S REPRESENTATIVE
 MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL
 INSTALLING CONTRACTOR
 AUTHORIZED FIRE PUMP REP
 AUTHORIZED CONTROLLER REP
 AUTHORIZED ENGINE REP
 INSURANCE REPRESENTATIVE

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
114
1. Check for HYDRO and
FLUSHING CERTIFICATES.
NFPA 20 11-1.1 (14.1)
Was the Underground and Aboveground piping
installed, flushed, and hydro-tested by a “Licensed”
contractor ?
Did “YOU” witness flushing and hydro-test??
Did installing contractor “OFFER” to have you witness
the above and provide you with the mandatory test
certificates …… NFPA 20 11-1.3 (14.1.3)
Someone had to sign and witness (WHO ??)
NO TEST CERTIFICATES???? WHY NOT???
NFPA 20 (14.1.3)
What happens when the pump plugs with rocks or a
pipe fitting blows apart?????
NFPA 20 (14.1.1.1)
FLUSHING
Table (14.1.1.1[a]) Minimum Flush Rates.
Contractor may have a calculated system
demand which, if greater, will require higher
flush rates than those listed below.
Pipe Size
in. mm
4
102
6
152
8
203
10 254
12 305
Flow Rate
gpm
590
1,360
2,350
3,670
5,290
L/min
2,233
5,148
8,895
13,891
20,023
ROCKS IN IMPELLER
Was this system properly flushed?? NFPA 20 (14.1)
System was flushed for 2 hours with 3 hoses !
Problem : Hoses were ¾” garden hoses !!!
3. Check for PUMP CERTIFIED
SHOP TEST CURVE. Compare
it to the SYSTEM DEMAND.
NFPA 20 2-16 and 11-2.3 (14.2.4)
Find out how many GPM are required and
how much PSI is needed to make the
sprinkler system work… Will the fire
pump and water supply do it ?
Fire Pumps are selected for “SYSTEM
DESIGNS” which can utilize any pump
flow up to 150% of rated capacity.
NFPA 20 2-3 and A-2-3 (5.8)
Sample Pump Curve
4. Has the Pump and Driver
been ALIGNED, LUBRICATED,
and PRE-TESTED???
Pump and driver MUST be field-aligned
NFPA 20 3-5 (6.5.2) and pre-tested PRIOR to
the field acceptance test - includes electrical
NFPA 20 (14.2.3) so that inspector’s time is
not wasted standing around…….. MANY
jurisdictions charge an additional fee if retesting is required due to problems with a
system which has not been pre-tested prior
to the acceptance test!!!!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
124
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
125
GAP MUST BE
EQUAL - TOP TO
BOTTOM AND
SIDE TO SIDE.
Within .005”
Angular
Alignment
USE OF DIAL
INDICATORS OR
LASERS IS
PREFERRED.
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
126
NOTE : The
coupling halves
should remain
disconnected
until rotation
has been
checked!
Parallel alignment should be less than .005
“VERTICAL
STATEand
of OHIO HORIZONTAL”
FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
127
FALK
Steelflex
Coupling
AFTER alignment and
rotation have been
checked the coupling
should be lubricated
and re-assembled.
Be sure to check the
set screws for
tightness
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
128
After checking the alignment, leave the pump and
driver uncoupled until after rotation check !
Pump rotation should be checked with the
coupling not connected……..*
4 Year Old
Pump
Pump was 6 % Low.
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
130
NOTE: The quarter on a
properly installed, grouted,
aligned, and lubricated
fire pump!!!
125 HP, 1760 RPM Motor in operation,
NO VIBRATION !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL
- BGSU
NFPA
20
( 14.2.6 )131
After greasing be
sure to check
torque of ALL bolts
and set screws !
Add Grease
slowly !
Check For
Excess Grease
NOTE: Insert
clean grease
slowly until old
grease is forced
out of the drain
hole with PLUG
REMOVED !!
NOTE : Operate the
pump for 15 – 30 min.
before replacing the
plug !
Gear oil full ?
Check it !
Motor oil full ?
Check it !
What oil did they use ??
ASK !!
Coolant level full ?
Engine Lube
Oil and
Coolant
Checked ?
Engine Guy ?
HAS THE PUMP
BEEN PRE-TESTED ??
Is it required ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
136
5. RECORD all equipment data:
pump, driver, and controller. (HP,
RPM, VOLTAGE, SN, etc.)
Are the fire pump, driver, and controller
ALL “UL”
UL listed or “FM”
FM approved????
CHECK THE NAME PLATES !!!
Motor and controller voltage and HP must
be the same!!! 200 volt is “not” the same
as 230 volt!!! The required pump HP must
not exceed the driver rated HP X 1.15 SF!!!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
139
Incoming Power Supply (voltage) MUST
Be the “SAME” as the Main Fire Pump
Controller “AND” the UL Listed Fire Pump
Motor !! NFPA 20 (9.1.3)
NFPA 70 Article 695 CHECK IT !!*
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
140
*
THE AVAILABLE POWER MUST
MATCH THE FIRE PUMP MOTOR
NAMEPLATE AND CONTROLLER
NAMEPLATE VOLTAGES - LOOK FOR
CHANGED OR ALTERED
NAMEPLATES THAT ATTEMPT TO
COVER UP A MISTAKE !!!!
*
NFPA 20 (10.3.4.4)
Means shall be provided on
the exterior of the
controller for measuring all
line amps and volts.
Is it “SAFE”? Is it “CORRECT”?
Power, sensing lines, reducers,
UL/FM piping , water supply.
supply
Jockey and main fire pump must each have a separate ½ “
sensing line with 2 ea. 3/32 “ orifices located at least 5’ – 0”
apart . `NFPA 20 7-5.2.1 and appendix!! (10.5.2.1.6)
Case relief valve (electric fire pumps) piped to a REQUIRED
floor drain in the pump room??? NFPA 20 2-6.1 and 2-7.6
(5.12.6.2)
Do not pipe Case Relief Valve discharge and Packing Drain lines
together into a common drain line (5.11.1.5)
Pump coupling and guard secured???
IS THIS A CONFINED SPACE????
Is the “TEST SET UP” (test hoses, rack,
and play pipes) pump location “SAFE”?
OSHA APPROVED ???
Would
“YOU” go
down here
to test this
pump????
NFPA 25
and
( A.5.12) DRAINAGE and VENTILATION
)
4.7.1
A.4.8
NOTE : This fire pump
develops 165 psi at churn !
The class 125 fittings are
good for a maximum
working pressure of 175 psi.
(5.7.4.1)
Note : Rods on
transition piece!!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
146
Look at the pipe
fittings !!
This pump installation
develops 213 PSI at
churn.
A 125 lb flanged fitting
is rated at 175 PSI
maximum working
pressure !! NFPA 20
(5.7.4.1)
NO RODS !!!
SAFE ??
NFPA 13 15.1.6.1.1
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
147
Test Header outside
of the pump house or
“IN” the pump room
?
NFPA 20 (A.5.19.3.1)
TEST HEAD ??
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
148
PRESSURE
RECORDER
Has the Voltage Been Checked ??
Check NFPA 70E and NFPA 25 A.4.8
WHERE DOES THE POWER COME FROM ?
IS THERE ANOTHER DISCONNECT OR
FUSES ???
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
149
Each “Fire Pump” Controller MUST have IT’S
OWN Pressure Sensing Line and Pressure
Recorder
NFPA 20 (10.5.2.1.6) and (12.5.2.1.6) *
NOTE: Main fire pump
controller sensing line is
connected between the
pump discharge check
valve and the system shut
- off valve. (10.5.2.1.6)
NFPA 20
(10.5.2.1.6)
Pressure
Recorder
MISSING!
NFPA 20 10.5.2.1*
One sensing line
Two (2) CONTROLLERS ??
One sensing line for 3 controllers ??
Pressure Recorder
Each fire pump controller must have it’s own recorder !! (10.5.2.1.6)
*On the pump suction, a listed OSY valve is
required: no valve, other than a listed OSY valve
is allowed within 50 feet of the pump suction
flange NFPA 20 (5.14.5.2)*
*When located in the suction pipe of a fire pump,
back flow prevention devices, check valves, and
pipeline strainers (for in-line pumps) shall be no
closer than 10 pipe diameters from the pump
suction flange.
flange NFPA 20 (5.14.6.3.1) (5.26.3)*
OSY
Valve
NOTE ROTATION ?
SUCTION
Counter-Clockwise
LEFT Hand *
Impeller Turns
Toward The Suction !
Have The Wire
Connections Been
Checked By the
Electrician and/or
Controller Guy ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
156
(5.14.6.4)
! Elbows and tees with a centerline
plane parallel to a horizontal split-case
pump shaft shall be avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6. (5.14.6.3.1)
If there is a parallel elbow : YOU
MUST HAVE 10 PIPE DIAMETERS
of STRAIGHT PIPE BETWEEN THE
ELBOW AND PUMP SUCTION
FLANGE (5.14.6.3.2)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
157
OSY
Suction
Valve
NOTE: Backflow Preventer!
NOTE: The long straight run of
suction pipe after a
HORIZONTAL 90 DEGREE
ELBOW !
More than 10 pipe diameters ?
(5.14.6.3.2)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
158
OSY
Valve
NOTE STRAINER!
NFPA 20 3-3.4 (6.3.4)
10 p
i
dia. pe
??
Have The Wire Connections been
Checked at “BOTH” The Engine and
Controller ???
Wires Correct and Terminals “TIGHT”
Dual
Batteries
Batteries Properly Connected and
Electrolyte Topped Off ?? USE CAUTION
WHEN FILLING AND CONNECTING
LEAD ACID BATTERIES !!!
DO NOT USE FORKED
CONNECTORS FM F27-92
7. Check for CERTIFICATE of
CALIBRATION for test equip.
“TEST GAUGES” and “CLAMP-ON VOLT/AMMETERS” should be recalibrated and certified every 12 months (by an approved testing and
calibration facility)….Most never get calibrated and certified ! NFPA 20
(A.14.2.7.1)
“TEST GAUGES” will have an accuracy of;
0.25%
0.5%
(ASME Grade 3A)
or sometimes(ASME Grade 2A) pocket “TEST GAUGES” or inspectors
“TEST GAUGES”.
DEMAND a “Certificate of Calibration” from an approved testing and
calibration facility –then- Check and Verify the Serial Numbers! If you
suspect a problem, write down the phone number of the calibration
facility and phone them!!
Look for “TEST GAUGE” on the dial.
Calibrated “TEST GAUGES”
plus CALIBRATION
DOCUMENTATION as per
NFPA 20 A-11-2.6.1
(A.14.2.7.1)
8. Decide in advance just what is
to take place during the testing….
WHO WILL TAKE CHARGE ?
What test equipment will be used ?
What flow points (PITOTS) will be targeted ?
Who will do what ????
TAKE THE PITOT READINGS ?
ADJUST and HOLD THE TEST VALVES ?
TAKE PRESSURE AND RPM READINGS ?
RECORD and PLOT THE TEST RESULTS ?
TAKE THE ELECTRICAL READINGS ?
PRE RUN EQUIPMENT CHECK LIST ??
SOMEONE HAS
TO TAKE CHARGE
OF THE PUMP
TEST ?
Will It Be The Sprinkler
Guy, The Local Fire
Official, The Pump Guy,
The Insurance Guy, or
The Owners Rep ?
SOMEONE HAS TO
STEP UP TO THE
PLATE !!
FLOW TEST EQUIPMENT
FLOW METER
When a flow meter is
used, you must have an
air vent valve or auto air
release valve to eliminate
ALL air from the flow
meter piping !
10 X D
4XD
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
170
<FM> Short Play Pipe
1 1/8 ” Nozzle
1 ¾ ” Nozzle
Underwriters Play Pipe
Pitot
Tube
FREE FLOW WITH HOSES AND PLAYPIPES
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
172
Each additional pitot
tube, used during the
test, will increase the
chance for error!
Use 1 pitot tube and 1
gauge which has
been checked prior to
the start of the test!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
173
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
174
In Areas where water shortages exist,
the test water can be discharged back
the
!
STATE of to
OHIO
FIREstored
SCHOOL - supply
BGSU
175
THERBOLIZER 6
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
176
Test Header
arranged to SAFELY
discharge directly to
the Pond
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
177
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
178
What Flow Points Will Be Targeted?
CHURN”
A“Pressure
.
.
B
“RATED 100% FLOW “ 1
Hose, Pitot of 32 PSI
% FLOW “
C “2150
Hoses, Pitots
of 18 PSI
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
179
.
<FM> FLOW CHART
Who will observe
and record the
test results ??
To determine (H)
(net PSI) subtract
Suction PSI from
Discharge PSI
150 PSI
50 PSI
100 PSI
231’ (ft)
To determine
FEET of HEAD
multiply (H)
(net PSI) X 2.31*
WHO
Will Take The
Pitot Readings ??
Does that person know
the CORRECT Procedure ?STATE
of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
182
To Obtain a
Correct
Pressure
Reading With A
Pitot Tube, It
“MUST” Be
Held In The
Center of The
Flow Stream
And It “MUST”
Be Kept
Perpendicular
To the Flow
Stream
Hold The HOSE TEST VALVES After the
Pitot Readings have been obtained.
Will These Hose Valves Vibrate or Chatter Open ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
184
NFPA 70E and
OSHA 1910.333
NEC Digest - Feb. 2006
Only “QUALIFIED”
persons are
permitted to work on
or near “LIVE”
exposed parts of
electrical equipment.
3.
Distinguish live parts.
(WHAT’S HOT, WHAT’S NOT ?)
4.
Determine nominal voltage and
protection required.
5.
Determine the minimum
required safe clearance or safe
working distances.
(4 feet / 12 inches ) *
ARC-FLASH
12 Inches
MINIMUM
OSHA may cite non-compliance with
29CFR 1910.335(a)(1)(i) which requires
the use of protective equipment when working
where a potential electrical hazard does
exist.**
-OR-
29CFR 1910.132(d)(1), which requires
employer assessment of workplace hazards
and the use of personal protective equipment.
These regulations are supported by NFPA 70E.
NFPA 70E, is NOT LAW, however, it helps
employers by providing education, guidance,
and “how-to” for compliance.
FIRE PUMP “PRE-RUN” CHECK LIST
LAST CHANCE - PRIOR TO TEST
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
THAT PUMP BASE IS PROPERLY GROUTED
THAT ALL EQUIPMENT IS ALIGNED AND LUBRICATED
THAT COUPLING GUARDS ARE INSTALLED
CASE RELIEF, AIR RELEASE, COOLING WATER ALL CORRECT
THAT POWER IS CORRECT and “ON”
THAT WATER IS AVAILABLE and “ON” (PUMP PRIMED)
THAT PUMP HAS PROPER ROTATION
THAT VALVES ARE IN CORRECT POSITION FOR TESTING
SAFE TEST SET UP (HOSES, PLAYPIPES, WATER DISPOSAL)
CONFIRM THAT SYSTEM PRESSURE IS AT OR ABOVE EXPECTED FIRE
PUMP CHURN PRESSURE (USE THE JOCKEY PUMP)
-OR-
IT IS PREFERABLE TO ISOLATE THE SYSTEM
“CLOSE THE DISCHARGE
(SYSTEM) VALVE”
KEEP IT CLOSED DURING FLOW TESTING
! **
Base is not
grouted!!!
(6.4.1)
Gear Oil Full ?
Double Check
It !
Motor Oil Full ?
Check It !
LAST CHANCE !!!
What Oil Did They
Use ?? ASK !!
Is The Engine Oil and
Coolant Correct ?
Checked By Engine Guy ??
Block
Heater
Working ??
120 Degrees F
(11.6.5.2)
NOTE : Guard Is In Place !
NFPA 20 (5.12.7) **
NOTE : Cooling
Water For Gear
Connected !
Flow Visible ??
(7.5.1.6.5)
ENGINE
COOLING WATER ON
IS THE POWER ON ??
Has the Voltage Been CONFIRMED and
controller digital readout (amps/volts)
compared to readings taken with a
“CALIBRATED” hand held amp / volt
multimeter ??
Supply “OSY” Valve OPEN, Water
Available, and pump primed ??
NOTE ROTATION ?
Clockwise / Right Hand
Impeller Turns Toward
The Suction ! **
SUCT ION
This Pump
Base Has
Been Properly
Grouted !
(6.4.1)
FIRE PUMP
TEST HEAD
OUTSIDE ! !
Hose valves
closed and
hoses
connected ?
Playpipes secured so water can be SAFELY
disposed of during flow testing ??
System Pressure at or
above “EXPECTED”
Fire Pump Churn
Pressure -orDischarge (System)
Valve CLOSED During
the Flow Test ??**
Outside Hose
Valves Closed ??
OPEN Test
Header Valve
1/2” Test
Head Drain
Valve
Closed ??
(Bottom of
Test Head
Pipe ! )
TEST HEAD
CONTROL
VALVE OPEN
FOR TEST ???
½” TEST HEAD
DRAIN VALVE
CLOSED FOR
TEST !
9. Operate the pump at CHURN PSI
(POINT A on CURVE)
Momentarily Operate the Pump - Check for
rotation, vibration, pressures, leaks, unusual sounds.
Start The Pump Again:
Check the pump for vibration, temperature,
case relief valve operation (Electric) or cooling water
flow (Diesel), bearing temp, packing leakage, pump
pressures, RPM, Electrical (Controller Guy), etc.
“DO NOT” stand in front of electrical panels or motor
junction boxes and keep the controller doors closed
during the initial starts (THINK SAFETY - 4 Foot Rule).
Note the test start time…
time Pump must be operated for
AT LEAST ONE HOUR for “ENTIRE” acceptance test !
NFPA 20 11-2.11 ( 14.2.12 )
Packing and bearings
SHOULD stay cool or
warm to the touch!!
(14.2.5)
PACKING LEAKAGE: 1 – 2
Drops per second +/Adjust as Needed ¼ Turn !
Does the pump and
motor stay COOL ?
(14.2.5)
Packing Drain
Lines Piped to a
Floor Drain !!
Case Relief Valve
“FULL” Stream
Discharge To an
Open Floor Drain ?
10. Record Churn PSI Readings,
RPM, AMPS, VOLTS,
Look at the factory shop test curve and plot the
Churn Pressure in feet of head,
head (no-flow POINT A).
How close is it ???? NFPA 20 11-2.3 ( 14.2.4.2 )
NOTE: Some pumps will require a correction for
(RPM) speed !!! NFPA 20 A-11-2.6.3 ( A.14.2.7.3.f )
REMEMBER THIS - TO GET FEET OF HEAD !!
1 PSI = 2.31 FEET OF HEAD
-or.433 PSI = 1 FOOT OF HEAD
CHURN”
A“Pressure
.
11. Operate the pump at additional “TARGETED”
flow points : 50%, 100%,
150%, Etc.
With the hose valves closed, SLOWLY open test head valve
to pressurize test head (If it is not already open and
pressurized). (DISCHARGE (SYSTEM) VALVE and TEST
HEAD DRAIN VALVE SHOULD ALREADY BE CLOSED)
Open and adjust appropriate number of hose valves to
obtain each targeted flow point (PITOT). You should
already know how many hose streams and what Pitot
Readings will be required to obtain “EACH” Targeted
Flow point!!
Double check pitot readings, do not allow hose valves to
vibrate open after obtaining the targeted pitot readings, and
make sure that there are “NO” kinks in the hoses !!!
NOTE: On High Pressure Systems (above 150 PSI) it may be
desirable to Open the proper number of hose valves and regulate the
pitot pressures with the Test Header Control Valve.
AVERAGE the pitot readings (NO MATTER HOW CAREFUL YOU
ARE, ALL OF THE PITOT READINGS WILL NOT BE THE SAME) !!
12. Record PSI, RPM, AMPS,
VOLTS, (compare and plot
results on the factory curve).
Do the field test results duplicate the factory shop test curve
for EACH flow point ??? NFPA 20 11-2.3 ( 14.2.4.2)
If any results are “OFF” Double Check PITOT Readings?
Correct for RPM ? ( On Small Pumps check the Case Relief
Valve flow. The case relief discharge flow could be as much
as 5% to 10% of the rated flow of smaller pumps !! )
If Total Head (Net PSI)
PSI is STILL low, do we need to correct
for velocity head? Triple Check PITOT Readings, hose
valves vibrating open, gauge piping plugged, RPM low???
AS A LAST RESORT : before you pull the cover to check
for rocks - retest using a backup set of calibrated “TEST
GAUGES” and backup pitot tube with gauge!
.
.
.
B
“RATED 100% FLOW
“1 Hose, Pitot of 32 PSI
C “ 150 % FLOW “
2 Hoses, Pitots
of 18 PSI
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
208
LOW TEST RESULTS ? WHY ?
Are there any kinks
in the hoses??
Hose Valves
Vibrating Open ?
Is this guy doing his job ?
Did Someone Stay Outside to Adjust and Hold
The HOSE VALVES (especially ANGLE Valves) to
Keep Them From Vibrating Open ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
210
DOUBLE or TRIPLE Check
Pitot Readings !!
CONFIRM Pitot Gauge
accuracy prior to testing !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
211
?
Check pitot tube and
gauge for fouling , which
might occur during test?
Half of all field
test problems
involve the
“USE” of, or the
“MIS-USE” of,
Hose Monsters
Each additional pitot
tube, used during the
test, will increase the
chance for error!
Use 1 pitot tube and 1
gauge which has been
checked prior to the
start of the test!
Calibrated Test Gauges
(
liquid filled gauges are NOT Test gauges )*
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
214
Gauge connection
piping must have a full
flow when flushed
(checked) PRIOR to
flow testing of the
fire pump.
Check for an
obstruction during
testing, if test results
are not correct !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
215
DO NOT
connect test
gauges to
case relief
valve piping !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
216
On small fire pumps the
case relief valve
discharge may be as
much as 10% of the
rated flow - if it has not
shut off during the test.
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
217
Main system relief
valve must be closed
for testing !**
Failure to do so will
result in low (POOR)
test results !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
218
(5.14)
PIPE SIZE ?
NFPA 20
(5.14.3.4)
! Elbows and tees with a centerline
plane parallel to a horizontal split-case
pump shaft shall be avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6. (5.14.6.3.1)
If there is a parallel elbow : YOU
MUST HAVE 10 PIPE DIAMETERS
of STRAIGHT PIPE BETWEEN THE
ELBOW AND PUMP SUCTION
FLANGE (5.14.6.3.2)**
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
219
Curve will continue
to drop off as the
flow increases
Impeller is not
centered in the case.
Pump Not
De-burred
VTFP Best Lateral Setting
Top Shaft Nut is
used to raise shaft
and impellers
approximately
1/8 “ inch. (see
instruction book)
LOW
PERFORMANCE
MAY RESULT IF
LATERAL IS NOT
CORRECT ! 225
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
Check Submergence
(MEASURE) how far
down (feet) the
water level is from
the gauge center
line, at each flow
point !
REMEMBER : This
must be added to
the reading ( TH )
on the discharge
TEST GAUGE !
ADD +
WL ??
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
226
VTFP INTAKE PROBLEMS………..
Removable screens NFPA 20 A4-2.2.2 (5.14.8.3)
Intake size ???
NFPA 20 A4-2.2 (5.14.8.4)
2 ft/sec and
1 Sq. Inch per
GPM at
150% Flow ?
Removable screens? Check
for fouling (build-up)
! OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
STATE of
229
With a vertical
turbine fire pump
a plugged screen
will affect
(lower) the water
level in the sump!
Check (measure)
the water level in
the sump during
each and every
flow point !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
230
A plugged basket strainer on
the bottom of the pump will
reduce the total pump
performance.
Underwater Inspection of Basket Strainer
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
232
13. * “6” AUTO starts
and “6” MANUAL starts *
(one “FULL LOAD” start)
When an electric fire pump is provided with an automatic
transfer switch, at least half of the starts should be performed
while the fire pump is connected to the emergency power
source (with one start under peak load). **
NFPA 20 (14.2.8) (14.2.7.4) **
When a diesel driven fire pump is provided, the starts shall be
divided between both sets of batteries.
NFPA 20 (14.2.8.7)
NOTE: Pumps should be operated for 5 Min. for each
start (This will allow the Motor and Controller time to
Cool Down)
1. Controller and Driver alarms
connected, tested, and
demonstrated + low suction…
A. Electric requires Power Available, Phase Reversal, Pump
Running, and Controller Connected to Alt. Source …..…
NFPA 20 (10.4.7.2)
(These are “TROUBLE”
TROUBLE or “SUPERVISORY” alarms)
alarms
B. Diesel engine is much more involved…..* Engine Trouble High temp, low oil pressure, over crank - fail to start,
charger fail, battery fail, over speed, low fuel, Switch Not
in Auto, and Engine Run…….NFPA 20 (12.6.7.3)
(These are “TROUBLE”
TROUBLE or “SUPERVISORY” alarms)
alarms
Pressure Recorder Installed / Operational ???
EACH Fire Pump Controller is required to be furnished
with a pressure recorder. (ELECTRONIC or CHART TYPE)
NFPA 20 (10.5.2.1.6 and 12.6.9.1)
Main Fire Pump and Jockey Pump.
Use a “TEST GAUGE” to
confirm set points.
NFPA
20 A-11-2.6 (A.14.2.7)
Jockey “STOP” = Fire Pump churn pressure plus (+)
lowest static suction pressure !
Jockey “START” = Jockey Stop PSI less (-) 10 PSI
Fire Pump “START” = Jockey Start less (-) 5 –10 PSI
“MANUAL” Fire Pump “STOP” = ( Must be used when Fire
Pump is a sole supply pump) !
- or - (if permitted by L.A.H.J.)
“AUTOMATIC” Fire Pump “STOP” = (Fire Pump churn +
lowest static suction)
Joc
ke y
P um
p
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
239
Near The Maximum
R
/O
At
P
O
ST
to
Set Jockey Pump
ain Fire Pump !!
M
e
th
of
re
su
es
Pr
(CHURN) Discharge
- 20 PSI Less
10
at
T
R
A
ST
To
Set Jockey Pump
Jockey Pu
mp Contro
l
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
240
16. Low Suction Shut Down
Panel/Device Listed, Tested
AND “Alarm” Connected ?
Required by some states to protect the public water supply, when it is
used as the main water source.
Set to lock out the fire pump at 20 PSI, after a 30 second delay - with
manual re-set only (OHIO) and ALARM must be monitored (5.23).
(5.23)
Must be FM or UL listed for Fire Protection Equipment –
not UL Industrial !!
NFPA 13 15.1.8.3
Is the “EQUIPMENT” or “DEVICE” listed in the UL or FM
Directory for Fire Protection Equipment ?
CHECK THE BOOK !
See if you
can find this
low suction
control
listed in the
UL or FM
Directory
for Fire
Protection
Equipment
???
See if you can
find this low
suction
“DEVICE” listed
in the UL or FM
Directory for Fire
Protection
Equipment ??
Ohio EPA and Ohio Department of Health
CHECK WITH “ YOUR” LAHJ ?
Suction Control Valve
Should be located
between the pump
discharge and the
discharge check valve !
Sensing line for suction control valve
and/or low suction shut down panel
should be at least ½” (Copper, 300
Stainless, or Brass) and include provision
UL/FM Suction
Control Valve
In the State of Ohio
a UL or FM Listed
low suction shut
down control is
required to protect
a public water
supply – this is in
addition to any
suction control
valve (which may
“ALSO” be required
by others) .
½”
Suction
Pressure
sensing
line !
NFPA 13 - Chapter 15
15.1.8* Connection from Waterworks System.
15.1.8.1 Where connections are made from public waterworks systems, it
might be necessary to guard against possible contamination of the public
supply.
15.1.8.2 The requirements of the public health authority having jurisdiction
shall be determined and followed.
FIND OUT WHAT “ YOUR ” STATE or CITY REQUIRES !!

NFPA 13 15.1.8.3 Where equipment is installed to guard
against possible contamination of the public water system, such
“EQUIPMENT” and “DEVICES” SHALL be listed for
“FIRE PROTECTION SERVICE”.
SERVICE”
17. Operators trained in required
maintenance, weekly operation,
testing, and record keeping ???
Did the pump rep provide a weekly check
list and go over the required weekly
testing, maintenance, and inspections of
the pump, driver, and controller ???
NFPA 20 (14.3 ) NFPA 25 4.1 - 4.3
If not, he is not doing his job!!!
Weekly Check list should include those
items required by NFPA 25 Chapter 8.
8
Develop a check list
of your own for
both “electric” and
“diesel” Fire
Pumps.
-OR-
Make a copy of
NFPA 25, Chapter 8
for the owner or his
representative to
use as a guide for
weekly checks.
“TRAIN THEM !!
Review ALL Required Weekly/Annual Maintenance
NOTE: Clean Grease
Forced out of the
Drain hole with
PLUG REMOVED !!
Check For
Excess
Grease
Annual
Alignment
Check
AFTER alignment has
been re-checked
(ANNUALLY) the
coupling should be
lubricated and reassembled. Be sure
to check the set
screws for tightness
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
254
HAVE
THESE
FOLKS
BEEN
PROPERLY
TRAINED?
???
This is the ONLY “WM” case relief valve –
on record, that had a tight shut off with
“NO” nuisance leakage - until they had to
buy a new pump !!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
256
EMERGENCY
MANUAL
STARTING
PROCEDURE
(11.6.6)
CUMMINS
SET at 120 % of
Rated RPM **
NOTE !
#1
COOLING
WATER
#2
FUEL
#3
CRANK
BE SURE THAT YOU
KNOW WHERE THE
OVERSPEED RESET
IS ON EVERY TYPE
OF ENGINE THAT
YOU SELL !!
INSTRUCT (TRAIN)
THE OWNER’S
REPRESENTATIVE
OR OPERATOR.
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
257
18. Review test results …
ASK QUESTIONS ! Do it
again if the results do not
look correct ???
Did the pump rep try to rush the testing????
Did the pump rep get nervous or defensive
when you questioned any of the results or test
procedures???
Were the PUMP test results at or above the
factory shop test curve and within ½ %
(
the minimum accuracy of a CALIBRATED
TEST GAUGE ) ???
NFPA 20 (14.2.4.2)
Did the pump run for one hour (all testing)???
NFPA 20 (14.2.12)
19. STOP ! Don’t accept it if
the pump test results do not
duplicate the shop test curve or
the system is not CORRECT !
L.A.H.J. ( INSPECTOR ) : YOUR NAME and
REPUTATION goes on the bottom line:
Approved and Accepted By:
NAME : ………………………………………….
FIRE PUMP
“Annual” FLOW TEST
1. Check for company and individual LICENSING.
2. Check for HYDRO and FLUSH CERTIFICATES (if work has been done).
3. Look system over…housekeeping, sensing lines, leaks, piping , etc.
4. Record all pump, driver, and controller data. (HP, VOLTAGE, etc.)
5. Has the pump been properly Maintained and ALIGNED ANNUALY??? (CHECK)
6. Review Records of weekly testing and maintenance that was performed.
7. Check for CERTIFICATE of CALIBRATION for ALL flow test equip. (SAFE??)
8. Decide in advance just what is to take place during the flow test.
9. Operate the pump at Churn (no flow)….temp., brgs., packing, relief, etc.
10. Record Churn Test Results (compare with test results from previous year).
11. Operate the pump at additional flow points 100%, 150%,.
12. Record Test Results , compare with previous year ( within 5 % nameplate?).
13. 1 AUTO Start and 2 MANUAL Starts (One Full Load Start)
14. Controller and Driver alarms TESTED (electric and diesel) (CHECK)
15. Confirm Start and Stop PSI for Main Fire Pump and Jockey Pump.
16. Low Suction Control Operation, Set Point, Time Delay, AND Alarm TESTED ?
17. Review ALL results - ASK QUESTIONS!! - ANY CONCERNS?? - Do it again ?
18. STOP ! INVESTIGATE ! If the PUMP is more than 5 % below nameplate !