REGULAR AND I RREGULAR
PLURAL NOUNS
By: Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
1/ 3/ 2009
http://www.kau.edu.sa/SBANJER
http:/ / wwwdrshadiabanjar.blogspot.com
Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
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FORM
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(Add –s to the end of noun)
The plural of most nouns is formed by adding final –s.
cup
cups
student students
song
songs
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Plural (nouns)
(Add –s to the end of noun)
table
girl
tables
s
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girls
s
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Add –esto a singular noun that
ends with s, z , x, ch, or sh.
glasses
glass
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Plural (nouns)
foxes
fox
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Plural (nouns)
lunches
lunch
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Plural (nouns)
dish
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dishes
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If a noun ends in a consonant + -y,
change the y to an i and add –es.
babies
ies
baby
y
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Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in -o need –es to form the plural.
tomato
o
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potato
potat
o
tomatoes
es
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potatoes
es
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Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in -o need only –s to form the plural.
photo
phot
o
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photoes
es
kangaroo
kangaro
o
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kangaroos
s
12
Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in –f/ -fe are
changed to –ves to form the plural.
knife
kni
fe
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knives
es
thieff
thie
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thieves
s
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Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in -f simply need
only –s to form the plural.
roofs
s
rooff
roo
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Pronunciation of plurals(s
plurals (s / es
es))
A. Final –sis pronounced / z/ after voiced sounds
(taxicabs, beds, dogs, balls, years, days, boys, trees, etc.)
B. Final –s is pronounced / s/ after voiceless sounds
(books, cups, groups, cats, students, desks, etc.)
C. Final –s, es is pronounced / ez/
after “s” sounds (classes, horses, boxes, faces)
after “z” sounds (sizes, roses, noises)
after “sh” sounds (dishes, bushes)
after “ch” sounds (matches, sandwiches)
after “ge/ dge” sounds (pages, ages, bridges, edges)
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Some nouns have irregular plural
forms that do not end in -s.
oxen
child
children
ox
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Man
men
Woman women
Child
children
Ox
Oxen
Foot
feet
Mouse
mice
Tooth
teeth
Fish
fish
_____
people
(is always plural) (no s)
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Some nouns have the same
singular and plural forms.
Two fish
One fish
One sheep
Two sheep
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Some nouns that English has
borrowed from other languages
have foreign plurals.
criterion
fungus
vertebra
appendix
analysis
medium
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criteria
fungi
vertebrae
appendices/ appendixes
analyses
media
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