Page 1 of 5 Name: _________________________________________ Date: ____________ Block: _______ World Geography Final Exam Study Guide Answer Key The Final Exam will cover chapters 1-32 in the book as well as all class lectures and notes. Answer the following vocabulary and review questions. Part1. Vocabulary. 1. Richter Scale: Device used to measure earthquakes. 2. Culture: the total of shared knowledge, shared attitudes, and behaviors of the members of a specific group. 3. Diffusion: the spread of ideas and customs from one society to another. 4. Acculturation: when one society decides to adopt a custom that they observe in another society. 5. Metropolitan Area: a city, along with its suburbs and exurbs. 6. Urbanization: dramatic rise in the number of cities and the resulted lifestyle change. 7. Metis: people of French and Native descent 8. Andes Mountains: range that runs down the western coastline of South America. 9. Greater Antilles: larger islands that include Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico. 10. Amazon River: begins in the Andes Mountains and flows eastward across South America 11. Tenochtitlan: The Aztec capital that became Mexico City 12. Biodiversity: a wide range of plants, insects, and wildlife 13. North Atlantic Drift: a current of warm water from the tropics 14. Smog: a brown haze created when gases react with sunlight 15. Chernozem: fertile soil found on the Northern European Plain 16. Escarpment: a steep slope with a nearly flat plateau on top 17. Strategic commodity: a resource so valuable that nations will go to war to ensure its steady supply 18. Human resources: the skills and talents belonging to the people of a nation 19. Theocracy: a government controlled by religious leaders 20. Zionism: a movement to create and support a Jewish homeland in Palestine 21. Guest Workers: unskilled laborers who come from other countries to fill vacancies 22. Stateless Society: people who use lineages to govern themselves 23. Typhoon: a tropical storm that occurs in the western Pacific Ocean 24. Caste system: a system of social classes used in India 25. Partition: a separation of one area from another (India and Pakistan) 26. Pacific Rim: the nations surrounding the Pacific Ocean 27. Dynasty: a series of rulers from the same family 28. Yurt: a type of tent used for housing in Mongolia 29. Atoll: a ring-like or chainlike group of islands Page 2 of 5 30. ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations. An alliance set up to promote economic growth and peace in Southeast Asia 31. Apartheid: racial separation in South Africa that caused international sanctions against South Africa 32. Kente cloth: most famous Ashanti craft Part 2. Review Questions. 1. What imaginary line runs north and south on the globe? Answer: Longitude 2. How do the Rocky Mountains differ from the Appalachian Mountains? Answer: The Rocky Mountains are about 80 million years old and rise much higher. 3. Which region of the United States is a major supplier of timber? Answer: the Pacific Northwest 4. What is one climate region found in the United States but not in Canada? Answer: Tropical wet and dry climate 5. Which area in Canada has a low population density? Answer: the islands of Ellesmere, Victoria, and Baffin. 6. What industry did Jamaica turn to when it moved away from its plantation-based economy? Answer: mining industry. 7. Which cattle grazing area is known for its gaucho culture? Answer: pampas 8. What are three ways the Andes Mountains have influenced South America? Answer: 1. More people live on the north and east coast. 2. The need for terraced farming. 3. Lack of travel from the Pacific coast to the interior. 9. What two farming techniques helped the Inca survive in the Andes? Answer: terraces and irrigation. 10. The Aztec Empire fell under the rule of Spain during what conquest? Answer: Spanish Conquest 11. Which two cultures blended to shape the development of Mexico? Answer: native peoples and Spanish 12. Which major groups of people shaped the culture of Central America and the Caribbean? Answer: native peoples, Europeans, and Africans. 13. Which country has the largest land area and the largest population in Latin America? Answer: Brazil 14. Why did Portugal bring Africans to the colony of Brazil? Answer: to work on the sugar plantations 15. Why are hurricanes so devastating to the economies of Caribbean countries? Answer: they disrupt tourism, a major source of income for those countries Page 3 of 5 16. What are three characteristics of global warming? Answer: A buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, increased temperatures, and climate changes 17. What are the contributing factors of the deforestation of the Amazon rain forest? Answer: Demand for hardwoods such as mahogany and cedar, clearing of land for farming, clearing of forest for cattle to graze 18. What area of the world is famous for its citrus fruits, olives, and grapes? Answer: the Mediterranean 19. What peninsula is surrounded by the Norwegian Sea, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea? Answer: the Scandinavian Peninsula 20. What is the land in the Northern European Plain used for? Answer: Producing a variety of crops 21. What type of landform contributed the most to ethnic differences in Europe? Answer: mountains 22. What is the most common cause of deforestation on the Scandinavian Peninsula? Answer: Winds blow emissions there from an industrial region and those emissions cause acid rain. 23. What area of Europe has great diversity because of its history as a cultural crossroads? Answer: Eastern Europe 24. What is the artistic legacy of Western Europe? Answer: painting in the Netherlands, music in Germany, and painting in France 25. What mountain range separates the Northern European Plain and the West Siberian Plain? Answer: Ural Mountains 26. What regions are separated by the Caucasus Mountains? Answer: Russia and Transcaucasia 27. Where do 95% of Egyptians get most of their water? Answer: the Nile River 28. What is the smallest climate zone in Africa? Answer: Snow-capped Mountains 29. What location in Africa can reach temperatures of 122⁰F in the summer, and fall below freezing in the winter? Answer: the Sahara 30. What is necessary for large-scale farming to take place in Southwest Asia? Answer: dams and irrigation systems 31. What desert in Israel produces crops with the help of irrigation? Answer: Negev 32. What is an issue that foreign workers experience in Southwest Asia? Answer: Feeling Unwelcome Page 4 of 5 33. What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference? Answer: to divide Africa among European nations 34. What were some of the effects of the European colonization of Africa? Answer: dictatorships, civil wars, heavy debt 35. What are some causes of desertification in Africa? Answer: farming, overgrazing of livestock, drilling for water 36. What river basin has been severely damaged by drilling for oil? Answer: the Niger Delta 37. What issues were created for Egyptian farmers as a result of building the Aswan High Dam? Answer: decreased silt deposits on the surrounding farmlands 38. Why is the Huang He important to China? Answer: It provides hydroelectric power, transportation, and water to irrigate crops 39. Where do most people in Japan live? Answer: in cities 40. What is the religion of most people who live in India? Answer: Hinduism 41. What large desert lies in southeast Mongolia? Answer: the Gobi Desert 42. Why is the large and growing population of South Asia considered a mixed blessing? Answer: It is difficult to ensure life’s basic needs for so many people. 43. What is the key to improving the quality of life and slowing the population explosion in South Asia? Answer: education 44. What territory is involved in the conflict between India and Pakistan? Answer: Kashmir 45. What is the name given to the whole group of Pacific Islands? Answer: Oceania 46. What natural disaster occurs frequently in Southeast Asia due to its location on the Ring of Fire? Answer: volcanic eruptions 47. What is the climate of Antarctica? Answer: icecap 48. Where does most of Australia’s population live? Answer: on the eastern coast 49. What did the British mean when they called Australia “Terra Nullis?” Answer: that the land was empty and the government could take it freely 50. Why did the British want to assimilate the Aborigines into their culture? Answer: they wanted to avoid further conflicts with the Aborigines people 51. Who were the Maori? Page 5 of 5 Answer: the original settlers of New Zealand 52. Who established Australia as a penal colony? Answer: Great Britain 53. Which economic system has a family only producing enough of fulfill its own needs? Answer: subsistence activities 54. What is the effect of using chemicals found in CFC’s? Answer: the greenhouse effect 55. What is the name of pockets of water found thousands of feet below the ground? Answer: aquifer 56. What is the highest peak in Africa? Answer: Mount Kilimanjaro 57. Where in Africa would you find tall grasses and animals? Answer: the Serengeti 58. Which major city was a part of the ancient West African kingdoms? Answer: Timbuktu 59. What products were mainly responsible for the development of the trading empires in Ghana, Mali, and Songhai? Answer: gold and salt 60. What are cultural traits of the Masai? Answer: they are known for intricate beadwork, they have long, pierced earlobes, they live on grasslands in the rift valleys of Kenya and Tanzania 61. Which of the 5 Themes of Geography explains how the culture of a region is the product of the characteristics of that region? Answer: Place 62. What landform separates the people and cultures of India and China? Answer: Mountains 63. Which sub-region of Asia is located on two different continents? Answer: Southwest Asia 64. How are the networks of highways and railroads in Europe helpful to European countries? Answer: They allow for increased trade between countries 65. What type of climate does the Amazon Rainforest have? Answer: Tropical Rain Forest 66. What major illegal activity is causing harm to the people and economies of Latin America? Answer: drug production 67. How has the growth of industry in Canada and the United States harmed both countries? Answer: the pollution from both countries harms the environment 68. What was one purpose of the Antarctic Treaty of 1961? Answer: to allow counties to perform research as a community on Antarctica.
