Subject - Verb Agreement
Rules:
1. A verb must agree in number with it's subject.
Singular:
The chef cooks
I am cooking
She is a good
Plural:
The children eat
We are eating our breakfast
They are preparing salad
2. Compound subjects joined by and usually require a plural verb
Ex. The trainor and the trainees attend regular meetings.
Bread and buttet is her breakfast
3. Singular subjects joined by or or nor take a singular verb.
Ex. Either Amiel and Anny is the kitchen.
Neither Ben or Jhek is the sponsor of the catering.
Note: when one of the subjects joined by or or nor is singular and one is plural, the berb is made to
agree with the subject nearer the verb.
Ex. Either the teacher or the students are in the classroom.
My friends or Albert buys food at lunchtime.
4. If the subject consists of two nouns, and each of these is preceded by the article the, the verb must be
plural. But if the second noun is not preceded by the, the verb must be singular.
Ex. The cook and the helper are left in the restaurant.
The cook and helper is left in the restaurant.
5. Indefinite pronouns - each, either, neither, one, everybody, another, everyone, nobody, everything,
somebody and someone are singular and they require singular verb.
Ex. Everybody is required to attend the program
Everything is in order.
Each of the girls is expected to participate in the program.
6. Indefinkte pronouns - all, both, several, many, few, take plural verb.
Ex. Many are invited to attend the party.
Both are interested in winning.
7. The expression a number of is plural; the nunber of is singulat.
Ex. A number of delegates are in the museum.
The number of thefts is alarming.
8. Nouns denoting quantity, fraction, percentage, currency, take a singulat verb, but if they are followed
by the phrases of the, the object of the phrase determines the number of the verb.
Ex. Fifty percent prefers the Cookery as TESDA Program.
Fifty percent of the students prefer Filipino dishes.
9. Nouns ending in s but singular in meaning are singular.
Ex. Physics is a difficult subject.
10. Nouns in pairs take plural plural verb, except if the expression a pair of is used.
Ex. The pants are printed with a logo
A pair of pants is sold at a low price.
11. A collective noun taken as one unit takes a singular verb. It is plural if every member of the group is
thought of as an individual doing his own task.
Ex. The jury decides on the case
The jury sign the letter
12. Expressions like together with, as well as, including plus, in addition to, accompanied by (intervening
words, after the subject) do not affect the number of the subject.
Ex. The trainee, together with the trainor is given the chance to join a cooking competition..
The student, as well as the teachers, cooks a special dish.
Job Application Letter Format
Use this formatting information as a guideline when writing your customized application letters, so you
know what information goes where.
Contact Information
Name
Address
City, State, Zip Code
Phone Number
Email Address
Date
Employer Contact Information (if you have it)
Name
Title
Company
Address
City, State, Zip Code
Salutation
Dear Mr./Ms. Last Name, (leave out if you don't have a contact)
Body of Application Letter
The body of your application letter lets the employer know what position you are applying for, why the
employer should select you for an interview, and how you will follow up. See below for a paragraph-byparagraph breakdown of the body of the letter.
First Paragraph
The first paragraph of your letter should include information on why you are writing. Mention the job
you are applying for and where you found the job listing. Include the name of a mutual contact, if you
have one. You might conclude by briefly and concisely saying why you think you are an ideal candidate
for the job.
Middle Paragraph(s)
The next section of your application letter should describe what you have to offer the employer.
It can be a single paragraph, or you can break it up into a couple of paragraphs. If the section gets
lengthy, you may use bullet points to break up the text. Remember, you are interpreting your resume,
not repeating it.
Mention specifically how your qualifications match the job you are applying for. In this portion of the
letter, make your case for your candidacy. It can be helpful to spend some time researching the
company — when you know a lot about the company, it helps you make an informed and persuasive
argument for your candidacy.
Use specific examples whenever possible. For example, if you say that you have lots of experience
working successfully on team projects, provide an example of a time you worked in a group and
achieved success.
Final Paragraph
Conclude your application letter by thanking the employer for considering you for the position. Include
information on how you will follow up.
Complimentary Close (examples)
Sincerely,
Signature (for a hard copy letter)
Typed Signature
Participate in workplace communication:
Grammar Basics
Noun: Mass nouns - Furniture, evidence, information, sand, paper, water, foods
Commonly mispronounced words:
Mayonnaise
Margarine
Candy
Chocolate
Breakfast
Menu
Wrong accents on words:
Ceremony
Secretary
Necessary
Address
Record
Produce
Honorable
Allergy
Utensil
Catholic
Certificate
Subject-Verb Agreement:
One of the
Neither nor
Either or
Contractions:
Ain't
Can't
Didn't
It's
You're
Application letter
Common grammatical mistakes
Parallelism
Redundancy
Why are you late vs why you are late?
With regards
Last last week
Next next week
Belated happy birthday
Salvage
Fill out not fill up
TIN number
Pa Xerox
Traffic vs heavy traffic
Open and close the light
For my opinion
Can you repeat that again
Fall in line vs stand in ques or line up
Wrong grammar vs grammatically incorrect
Introductory word or phrase
Me vs I
Compliment vs complement
It's vs its
Between vs among
There vs their
To go vs take out
Maybe & may be
Shall vs will
Few vs less
Celebrant vs celebrator
Ma'am - first name vs Mrs. -last name
Cope up with vs cope with
Anyways, already, all right
Pinaka latest
More + adjective + er
Ie vs eg
Who vs that
Who, whom, whose, who's
Alot, a lot, allot
Lose vs loose, loss
In spite vs despite
Advice vs advise
Desert vs desser
Bring vs take
Good vs well
Greet, grate, great
Many vs much
Moral vs morale
Seat vs sit, sitting vs seating
Pare vs peel
Most Common Filipino Grammar Mistakes That You May Be Guilty Of:
1. Usage of ‘nang’ and ‘ng’
Wrong:
Natuwa ako ng makita ko sila.
Bilisan mo ng maka-uwi na tayo.
Pumila ng maayos.
Tulog ng tulog ang bata.
Correct:
Natuwa ako nang makita ko sila.
Bilisan mo nang maka-uwi na tayo.
Pumila nang maayos
Tulog nang tulog ang bata.
How?:
Nang is used to replace “noong” and “para” or “upang”, to connect an adverb (pang-abay), and to
connect two repeating verbs (pandiwang inuulit)
Ng is used to point out an object and to express ownership.
2. Usage of ‘din’ and ‘rin’’
Wrong:
Tapos na din siyang kumain.
Doon rin ako nagpunta.
Sumigaw din si Juan.
Nag-away din silang dalawa.
Correct:
Tapos na rin siyang kumain.
Doon din ako nagpunta.
Sumigaw rin si Juan nang.
Nag-away rin silang dalawa.
How?:
Din is used when the preceding word ends with a consonant letter except w and y.
Rin is used when the preceding word ends with a vowel letter, w, and y.
3. Usage of ‘kung’ and ‘kapag’’
Wrong:
Pumunta tayo doon kung umaga na.
Paano kapag mali ang sagot?
Correct:
Pumunta tayo doon kapag umaga na.
Paano kung mali ang sagot ko?
How?:
Kung is used if unsure. (‘if’ in english)
Kapag is used if sure. (‘when’ in english)
4. Telling an action that just happened
Wrong:
Kakagising ko lang.
Correct:
Kagigising ko lang.
How?:
Repeat only the first syllable of the root word.