Daet, Justine Claire B.
10 - Hertz
Definition of Science Terms
1. Magnets/ Types of Magnets
A magnet is an object or device that produces or gives off a magnetic field.
Types:
a. Permanent magnets: does not lose magnetism
b. Air-core magnets: Current flows through a wire and produces a magnetic field
c. Electromagnets: typically stronger than air-core magnets, it can be turned on and off. It
is a device consisting of a coil of insulated wire wrapped around an iron core.
2. Electroscope
An electroscope detects the presence of charge and its relative amount. It is usually constructed with
a metal plate or sphere at the top of a metal post with thin foil leaves hanging from the bottom of the
post.
3. Fuse
A fuse is a safety device that protects an electric circuit from becoming overloaded. It contains a
length of thin wire that melts and breaks the circuit if too much current flows through it.
4. Circuit breaker
It is a switch that automatically interrupts the flow of electric current if the current exceeds a preset
limit, measured in amperes.
5. Solenoid
A coil of wire that acts as an electromagnet when a current passes through it, often used to control
the motion of objects, such as switch or relay.
6. Right-hand rule
A rule that uses the shape of the right hand to establish the standard orientation of v ector quantities
normal to a plane.
7. Left-hand rule
When a wire carrying an electric current is moved in a magnetic field of a magnet the magnetic field
induced by the wire reacts with the magnetic field of the magnet causing the wire to move outwards,
it predicts this movement.
8. Fleming’s left hand rule
The rule consists of the finding that whenever a current-carrying conductor is placed inside a
magnetic field, a force acts on the conductor, in a direction perpendicular to both the directions of
the current and the magnetic field.
9. a. Magnetic line
It is a representation of the magnetic field and helps in visualizing its strength and direction.
b. Magnetic flux
They are the lines of force associated with a magnetic field. Its SI unit is the weber.
c. Magnetic field
It is a field of force associated with changing electric fields, as when electric charges are in motion.
They exert deflective forces on moving electric charges.
d. Magnetic force
It is defined as the power that pulls materials together.
10. Electromagnetic induction
It is the production of electromotive force across a conductor.
Daet, Justine Claire B.
10 - Hertz
11. Transformer
A device used to change the voltage of an alternating current in one circuit to a different voltage in a
second circuit, or to partially isolate two circuits from each o ther.
12. Motor
It is a machine that uses energy (e.g. electrical or chemical energy) to produce mechanical motion.
13. Generator
A machine that converts mechanical energy into electricity to serve as a power source for other
machines.
14. Galvanometer
It is an instrument that detects small electric currents and indicates their direction and relative
strength.
15. Current-carrying coil
Otherwise known as a solenoid, it is a wire that acts like a magnet when a current passes through it.
Sources:
http://www.physics4kids.com/files/elec_magnets.html
http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/aeleclab/nerscope.htm
https://www.le.ac.uk/se/centres/sci/selfstudy/mam12.htm
http://www.electrical4u.com/fleming-left-hand-rule-and-fleming-right-hand-rule/
https://www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/boundless-physics-textbook/magnetism-21/magnetism-and-magneticfields-155/magnetic-field-lines-549-6686/
http://www.yourdictionary.com/magnetic-force
American Heritage Science Dictionary (2007 edition)