Biol 1406 Final (comprehensive Practice Test) studyblue.com/notes/note/n/biol-1406-final-comprehensive-practice-test/deck/6532108 The chromosomes detach from one another and become visibly separated during Anaphase A karyotype is a visual display of chromosomes arranged according to size Mendel's principle of independent assortment states that each hereditary unit is inherited separately from other hereditary units Which of the following are made of two subunits and are composed of RNA and protein? a) golgi b) mitochondria c) chloroplasts d) ribosomes e) endoplasmic reticula ribosomes The spindle apparatus microtubles Radioactive isotopes have: excess neutrons. The nucleus of an atom contains nucleus and protons. Adenine and guanine are double-ring PURINES nucleotides contain what kind of sugars five-carbon the chromosomes and genes are actually replicated during 1/12 interphase Atomic number (Z) refers to... the number of protons in the nucleus he place Darwin visited on his trip around the world that had the greatest impact on his thinking was the Galápagos Islands. the relationship between strands of RNA and DNA is complementary. The chromosomal DNA is duplicated in ________________ of meiosis. a. prophase I b. metaphase I c. Interphase d. prophase II e. anaphase II interphase The portion of the DNA molecule that is translated is composed of exons Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A colorblind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is colorblind? 100% Which of the smallest unit of the life that can exist as a separate entity? a cell The chromosomes are aligned at the spindle equator during a. Anaphase b. Interphase c. Metaphase 2/12 d. Prophase e. Telophase metaphase Sexual reproduction results in new combinations of genetic traits The appropriate adjective to describe DNA replication is semiconservative What kind of bond exists between two amino acids in a protein peptide A person with Klinefelter syndrome is ____ and has _____ sex chromosomes. a. male, XYY b. male, XXY c. female, XXY d. female, XO b. male, XXY Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by animals Chromosomes other than those involved in sex determination are known as atuosome What are the primary cellular sites for the recapture of energy from carbs? mitochondria How many nanometers to a meter? 1,000,000,000 nm Plasma membrane are characterized by the presence of phospholipids 3/12 Which of the following would be the least satisfactory organism for genetic research? humans In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? 16. Fructose and glucose are BOTH monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars In the early 1800s, creationist thinking would have included all of the following EXCEPT Species become modified over time. Magnesium has 12 protons. How many electrons are in its third energy level? 3rd (2 in first, 8 in second, 2 in third) Which of the following descriptions of Mendel is incorrect? he was simply lucky to work out the laws of genetics The number of chromosomes found in a eukaryotic cell: Is doubled by fertilization and cut in half by meiosis. what are the infoldings on the inner membranes of mitochondria called cristae When a gene transcription occurs, which of the following is produced? messenger RNA (mRNA) Cells two sets of genetic information are described by the term diploid The theory of segregation explains the behavior of a pair of alleles during meiosis Which is NOT true of human chromosomes? a. the haploid number is 23. b. the diploid number is 46. 4/12 c. there are 23 pairs of chromosomes d. human gametes end up with two of each type of 23 chromosomes e. human gametes end up one of each type of 23 chromosomes b. the diploid number is 46 (its 23 just like the haploid number) Proteins associated with DNA in eukaryotes are Histones. Amino acids are the building blocks for protiens (primary structure is the sequence of amino acids) The positive subatomic particle is the... Proton Various forms of a gene at a given locus are called alleles In cocker spaniels, black coat color (B) is dominant over red (b), and solid color (S) is dominant over spotted (s). A cross of Bb Ss with bb ss would produce the phenotype ratio 1:2:1 In Mendel's time, most people believed that the characteristics of parents were blended in the offspring The portion of the DNA molecule that is NOT translated and is a noncoding portion of DNA is composed of introns. Uracil will pair with adenine The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is called a. replication b. translation c. transcription 5/12 d. DNA synthesis e. metabolism transcription Stroma and grand are portions of chloroplasts (has it's own DNA) Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the form of a. starch b. glycogen c. glucose d. cellulose. e. fats starch which organelles contain DNA? Both nuceli and mitochondria A locus is the location of an allele on a chromosome An organelle found in the nucleus is a Nucleolus Transfer RNA differs from other types of RNA because it carries an amino acid at one end Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA? x-ray diffraction Which of the smallest portion of a substance that retains the properties of an element? atom 6/12 Nucleotides are the building blocks for ATP, NAD+, and FAD What cell organelle is found in plant cells but NOT animal cells? Cell wall What is formed when an atom gains or loses an electron? ion The negative subatomic particle is the: Electron Genes are a. located on chromosome b. inherited in the same way as chromosomes c. arranged in linear sequence on chromosomes d. assorted independently during meiosis. e. all of these E all of these DNA contains contains proteins-building instructions The essence of meiosis is that each gamete recieves one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes and the gametes formed are haploid Glucose dissolves in water because it is polar and forms many hydrogen bonds with the water molecules Which of the following designates a normal human female? a. XXY b. XY c. XX d. XYY 7/12 e. XO XX Individuals with the genotype Gg Hh Ii Jj will produce how many different kinds of gametes? 16 The principal point of the Darwin theory of evolution by natural selection was that... Survival of characteristics in a population depends on competition between organisms, especially between members of the same species. In the bonding of nitrogenous bases guanine is paired with cytosine The sequence of amino acids is the ____ structure of proteins primary These are sometimes referred to as rough or smooth, depending on the structure. endoplasmic reticula Mendel found that pea plants expressing a recessive trait... were pure-breeding homozygotes A pH of 10 is how many times as basic as a pH of 7 1000 If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, the resulting cells will have how many chromosomes. 8 chromosomes According to Darwin, natural selection is based on the _______ found in populations variations According to Mendel, what kind of genes "disappear" in F1 pea plants. recessive The significance of the experiments in which 32P and 35S were used is that 8/12 it demonstrated that radioactively labeled bacteriophages transfer their DNA but not their protein coats to their host bacteria. Which does NOT occur in prophase I of meiosis? a. cytokenesis b. formation of groups of 4 chromatids c. homologue pairing d. crossing over e. condensation of chromatin a. cytokenesis One portion of the cell theory states that: All living things are made up of one or more cells. Chromatids that are attached at the centromere are called what kind of chromatids? Sister. Which includes the other four? a. atoms b. molecules c. electrons d. elements e. protons atoms Which premise used by Darwin in his theory is incorrectly stated? Organisms that posses advantageous traits have a decreased chance of producing offspring. Premises used by Darwin's theory -some traits become more common because their bearers contribute more offspring to the next generation -some varieties have a better chance to survive and reproduce -members of population show heritable variation 9/12 -more offspring are produced than can survive to reproduce What are the key premises of Darwin's theory of Natural Selection? Overproduction of offspring, variation in traits that benefit of hurt offspring, heritability of traits Carbons usually form how many bonds with other atoms 4 Thomas Malthus Proposed that: The population multiplied faster than the food supply Transcription DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of RNA. In transcription a special sequence called a promoter is necessary for transcription to begin. The person credited with being the codiscoverer of the theory of natural selection was Alfred Wallace A nucleotide may contain a purine, pentose, phosphate group and pyrimidnies Histone-DNA units are called nucleosomes. The genetic code is made up of units consisting of how many nucleotides? 3 In a lipid bilayer,___________ tails point inward and form a region that excludes water. Hydrophobic The breakdown of large molecules by the enzymatic addition of water is an example of what kind of reaction? hydrolysis 10/12 Griffith's Experiment-Streptococcus Pneumoniae In his experiment in 1928, Griffith showed that genes from dead bacteria can be transferred to live bacteria. The significance of Fred Griffith's experiment in which he used two strains of Steptococcus pneumoniae is that it established that pure DNA extracted from disease-causing bacteria transformed harmless strains into killer strains Meiosis typically results in the production of 4 haploid cells Organelles composed of a system of canals, tubes, and sacs that transport molecules inside the cytoplasm are a. Golgi bodies. b. ribosomes. c. mitochondria. d. lysosomes. e. endoplasmic reticula. e. endoplasmic reticula. Down syndrome involves trisomy 21 How do hydrophobic molecules react with water repelled by Which is a "building block" of carbohydrates? either simple sugars or monosaccharides Which of the following is a building block of carbohydrates? Glucose Nucleotides Amino acids Glycerol 11/12 Sign up for free and study better. Anytime, anywhere. Get started today! Find materials for your class: Download our app to study better. Anytime, anywhere. 12/12
