International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET)
Volume 10, Issue 03, March 2019, pp. 837-854. Article ID: IJMET_10_03_087
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3
ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
© IAEME Publication
Scopus Indexed
DESIGNING IT BLUEPRINT WITH TOGAF FOR
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT
Maulana Ibrohim
Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science,
Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480,
Abba Suganda Girsang
Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science,
Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480,
ABSTRACT
The use of information technology that is aligned with the company's goals will be
achieved if supported by a good governance planning system. Therefore, to develop
information technology can use the Enterprise Architecture approach as a guideline
or blueprint in the development of information technology. The XYZ company is an oil
palm plantation company that develops information technology services to support the
company's business operations. In order for the purpose of developing XYZ company
information technology services in line with the company's vision, mission and
objectives, an appropriate framework is needed in preparing strategic planning. This
study aims to provide recommendations for designing IT blueprints using the
Enterprise Architecture TOGAF framework for the development of information
technology that can be applied in XYZ companies.
Keywords: Enterprise Architecture, IT Strategic Planning, TOGAF, CPO
Cite this Article: Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang, Designing It
Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development, International
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 10(3), 2019, pp. 837-854.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3
1. INTRODUCTION
The XYZ company is an oil palm plantation company with its main products, crude palm oil
(CPO) and palm kernel (PK). The company utilizes information technology (IT) services by
implementing an Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) system, namely System Analysis and
Program Development (SAP) as the main system. In its application not all SAP modules are
used, because some SAP system modules are not in accordance with the company's business
processes and SAP user license costs are relatively expensive, so it becomes a consideration
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not to use all SAP modules. As a result, the application of information technology is still not
optimal and affects the company's business service activities.
At present the company has its own IT infrastructure to support information system
services. In carrying out its functions, IT infrastructure has experienced service disruption for
741 hours in the period 2017-2018. So that it affects the information system services.
Of the several constraints that exist, the company does not have strategic planning, so it
has an impact on IT services. In order for the purpose of developing the company's
information technology services in line with the company's vision, mission and objectives,
strategic planning is needed.
Enterprise Architecture is one method that can be used as a guide in developing
information technology effectively and efficiently. Enterprise Architecture can be defined as a
blueprint [4], to place optimal resources and concrete targets in the IT environment as the last
support of business functions. This study aims to provide recommendations for designing IT
blueprints using the Enterprise Architecture TOGAF framework for the development of
information technology that can be applied in XYZ companies.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Information Systems Definition
An information system can be an organized combination consisting of users, hardware,
software, communication networks, data sources and procedure policies that store, retrieve,
change, and disseminate information within an organization. Humans rely on information
systems to communicate with each other using various physical devices, hardware,
instructions and procedures for processing information software, network communication
channels or data sources [5].
An information system collects, processes, stores, analyzes and disseminates information
for specific purposes [6].
Information systems are interrelated components and work together to collect, process,
store and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis,
and visualization in an organization [3].
An information system is collecting, processing, storing, analyzing, and disseminating
information for certain purposes [10].
Information system is a system that brings together four critical components to collect,
process, manage, analyze, and distribute information; the four components are human,
technology, process and data [12].
2.2. Information Technology Definition
The collection of computing systems used by organizations is called information technology.
Information technology in its narrow definition refers to the technological side of an
information system. Often the term information technology is used interchangeably with
information systems. In his book the term information technology in the broad sense to
describe a collection of organizational information systems, users, and management who
oversee them. For the most part, the term information technology and information systems are
considered the same thing [11].
Information technology is a general term that describes any technology that helps produce,
manipulate, store, communicate, and disseminate information [13].
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2.3. Information Technology Infrastructure Definition
Understanding information technology infrastructure is a shared technology resource that
provides a platform for enterprise-specific information system applications. IT infrastructure
includes investments in hardware, software, and services such as consulting, education and
training [3].
Some characteristics of information technology infrastructure [7], As follows:
1. Physically connected with and as the foundation of the structure above.
2. More permanent and static than the structure it supports.
3. Broader than the structure above in use.
4. Is a support service.
5. Apart from the structure that it supports in terms of the life cycle.
2.4. Enterprise Architecture Definition
Enterprise is a collection of organizations that have a series of general objectives. For
example, government agencies, divisions within a company, a single department or a chain of
organizations that are geographically separated and linked together for joint ownership. The
term company in the context of architecture is used to show the entire company, which
includes all information services, technology, infrastructure and certain domains within the
company [9].
The definition of architecture is the fundamental organization of a system, which is
embodied in its components, their relationships with each other and the environment and the
principles that govern the design and evolution of it [1].
Description of Enterprise Architecture is all coherent principles, methods and models used
in the design and realization of corporate organizational structures, business processes,
information systems, and infrastructure. Enterprise architecture captures the essence of
business, IT, and its evolution. The idea is that important things are far more stable than
specific solutions found for the problem at hand. Therefore, architecture helps in maintaining
the essence of business, while still allowing maximum flexibility and adaptivity according to
[2].
2.5. Framework Definition
A framework is a structure for content or processes that can be used as a tool for structuring
thoughts, ensuring consistency and completeness [2].
The selection of the right framework can facilitate the implementation of information
technology architectures in organizations [8]. Many frameworks have the same main purpose,
namely collaborating the strengths between:
1. Aspects of a business plan: goals, vision, strategies and principles of governance.
2. Operational aspects of the business: business terms, organizational structure,
processes and data.
3. Aspects of automation: information systems and databases.
4. Aspects of business determinants of technological infrastructure such as
computers, operating systems, and networks.
The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) is a detailed method framework and
supporting tools for developing enterprise architecture. TOGAF can be used freely by any
organization that wants to develop company architecture.
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In TOGAF there are methods used to design an architecture called the Architecture
Development Method (ADM). ADM can be used as a guide for modeling enterprise
architecture development. ADM contains the stages of activity divided in phases that have
been tested in architectural development. The activities contained in ADM include: the
creation of an architectural framework, building the contents and components of the
architecture, the process of migration from the current system and architectural governance to
be built.
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research method is a case study that provides reviews of enterprise architecture design
activities based on company problems. The research phase, starting from determining the
problem, literature study and data collection. Then the IT blueprint design is carried out using
the TOGAF ADM framework. The results of the IT blueprint design, in the form of a
blueprint for the development of information technology. Figure 1 is the phase of the research
method.
Research Methodology
Start
TOGAF Architecture Development Method
Formulation of
the problem
Preliminary
Study of literature
Data collection
Primary Data
Designing IT
blueprint
Scope
Principles of Architecture
Profile, Mission, Vision, Goals
Value Chain Analysis
Organizational Constraints
Concept of Solution
Architecture
Vision
Architecture
Change
Management
Baseline Arcitecture Business
Target Architecture Business
Business
Architecture
Implementation
Governance
Information
Systems
Architecture
Preliminary
Phase
Baseline Arcitecture Data
Target Architecture Data
Baseline Arcitecture Application
Target Architecture Application
Secondary Data
Migration
Planning
Designing
recommendations
Technology
Architecture
Opportunities and
Solutions
Baseline Arcitecture Technology
Target Architecture Technology
Gap Analysis
Conclusions
End
Figure 1 Research Methodology
In TOGAF ADM, there are 9 continuous phases, as follows: Preliminary, Architecture
Vision, Business Architecture, Information System Architecture, Technology Architecture,
Opportunities and Solutions, Migration Planning, Implementation Governance, and
Architecture Change Management. In this research, the phase of Migration Planning,
Implementation Governance and Architecture Change Management was not carried out.
Because of the time limits of research and company management policies.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Preliminary
This phase defines enterprise architecture to determine the framework and methodology,
scope and principles of architecture.
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4.1.1. Determination of the Framework and Methodology
The framework used for designing this enterprise architecture is TOGAF with the
Architecture Development Method (ADM) design methodology. In designing enterprise
architecture, TOGAF ADM consists of 4 domains, as follows:
1. Business Architecture
2. Data Architecture
3. Application Architecture
4. Technology Architecture
4.1.2. Enterprise Scope
Enterprise architecture design refers to the main business activities and supporting activities,
including:
1. Estate Management activities are the main operational activities in the oil palm
plantation industry.
2. Mill Management activities are the main activities in processing fresh fruit
bunches (FFB) production into CPO and PK. The output of this activity is CPO
and PK products.
3. Marketing and Sales Management activities are marketing activities and sales of
CPO and PK products.
4. Supporting activities, including activities in order to support key business
processes. The activities are supporting activities, namely:
a. Human Resources Management is a human resource management activity, the
activities of these activities are: organizational management, administration
personnel, time management and payroll management.
b. Finance Management is a corporate financial administration management activity
including general ledgers, accounts payable, accounts receivable, bank accounting
and asset accounting.
c. Procurement Management is an administrative support activity for the
procurement and purchase of goods or services needed by my government
interests.
4.1.3. Principles of Architecture
Architectural principles are principles derived from the TOGAF framework. These principles
are based on advice from management, so that the principles are relevant to the needs of the
company. The architectural principles are as follows:
a. Principles of Business Architecture
b. Business Continuity
c. Compliance with Law
d. Principles of Business Architecture
e. Data is an Asset
f. Data is Shared
g. Data Security
h. Principles of Business Architecture
i. Ease-of-Use
j. Technology Independence
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k.
l.
m.
n.
Principles of Business Architecture
Interoperability
Avaibaility
Re-Use of existing infrastructure
4.2. Architecture Vision
This phase is an architectural development that includes constraints and expectations of
achieving architectural vision and validating a context and agreed work architecture
statement.
4.2.1. Company Profile
XYZ company is a company engaged in oil palm plantations, including planting, maintaining,
harvesting and producing FFB, processing FFB into CPO and PK, trading CPO and PK.
Location of plantations in Jambi, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan provinces.
1. Vision: Building the Best Plantation for the World.
2. Mission: Developing Eco-friendly Plantations that Are Able to Improve the Life
Level of Many People.
3. Motto: Passion to Achieve the Best.
4.2.2. Goals
1. Deliver Optimal Value for Stakeholders.
2. Optimizing Productivity.
3. Be a Preferred Supplier.
4. The implementation of Best-Agriculture and Mill Practices.
5. Sustainable Growth.
6. Optimizing Mill Productivity.
7. Long-Term Sustainable Environment and Community.
8. Improve Operation Relentlessly.
4.2.3. Organizational Constraints and Concept of Solution
After the company's business activities are known, the next stage is an analysis of the
problems that exist. This problem analysis needs to be done so that the factors that can hinder
the company's success in achieving the vision and mission are identified.
Table 1 Organizational Constraints and Concept of Solution
Business
Activity
Recruitment
Management
Constraints
Pattern Solution
Human Resource Management
Automation of prospective
employee recruitment processes.
The process of recruiting prospective
employees is still done manually,
Automation of the profile
allowing human error and requiring a
processing of prospective
long time in the employee selection
employees.
process.
Availability of a multifunctional
employee recruitment system.
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Business
Activity
Travel
Management
Training and
Event
Management
Purchase
Requisition
of Goods and
Services
Mature
Plantation
Estate
Control
Grading
Process
Constraints
Pattern Solution
Automation of employee travel
management processes.
Automation of employee travel
management financing
processes.
Availability of a multifunctional
employee travel management
system.
Automation of employee
training and event management
The administrative process of employee
training and development submissions is
processes.
still done manually by filling out the
Automation of employee
training application form from the HR
training and event management
department and requesting the approval
financing processes.
of their respective supervisors, so that it Availability of a multifunctional
takes a long time.
employee training management
system.
Procurement Management
Approval of the procurement of goods
and services in the SAP system is a
Making a system for the
maximum of eight user levels due to
procurement of goods and
SAP user licenses, while the company's
services and integrated with the
needs average more than eight user
SAP system.
approvals, so that control of goods
Adding user approval and
purchases does not meet the company's
controlling as needed.
control standards.
Estate Management
The administrative process of recording
Making a supporting application
palm oil yields (FFB) is recorded using
system in the administrative
paper, then the data is inputted into the
process of recording the harvest
SAP system, this can cause human error,
and integrated with The SAP
and requires a long time.Recording of
system.
harvest data in the field still uses paper
Automation of the process of
which is at risk of losing data and
recording FFB yields.
damaged if exposed to water and rain.
The process of administering field
inspections is still done manually by the Making a supporting application
field assistant, the results are then
system in the field inspection
reported to the estate manager and
process.
evaluation. Because it is recorded
Automation of the field
manually, it allows human error and data
inspection process.
loss.
Mill Managament
The process of receiving FFB harvests is
Making a supporting application
carried out manually by looking at the
system in the FFB reception
scales indicator, then the data is input
process at the Mill and
into the excel template and uploaded
integrated with the SAP system.
into the SAP system which can cause
Automation of the FFB
human error, error recording and takes a
weighing process at the Mill.
long time.
The travel management administration
process is done manually by filling in
the submission form to the HR
department and asking for approval from
each supervisor and returning the form
of official travel to HR so that it takes a
long time and allows human error.
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4.3. Business Architecture
This phase is developing business processes in an architecture to support vision architecture.
This phase is described as a business process that involves a description of the architecture
and identifies the needs of the organization to build an architecture roadmap based on current
conditions and expected architectural targets.
4.3.1. Baseline Business Architecture
Baseline Business Architecture is the business process that is used now. Consisting of several
business processes that are interconnected with each other. The current process of business
architecture is shown in Figure 2.
Baseline Business Architecture
CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER INVOICE TO RECEIPT
SALES AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT
ORDER TO SUPPLY
Sales Order
Management
Pre-Sales Management of
CPO and PK
Shipping Management
Billing Management
Acknowledgment of Account
Receipt
Receipt
MILL MANAGEMENT
Grading Process
CPO and PK
Production
Administration
CPO and PK
Production
Finish Good
Management
Co Product
Management
Product
Expenditure
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
ESTATE MANAGEMENT
Insfrastructure
Organizational
Management
Workshop
Work Plan
Estate Design
Land
Acquisition
FINANCE MANAGEMENT
Accounts Receivable
Nursery
Personnel
Administration
Immature
Plantation
Planting
Mature
Plantation
Payroll
Management
Time
Management
Bank Accounting
Closing
Cash Opname
Add COA
Bank
Reconciliation
Journal Voucher
Maintenance
REQUEST TO RECEIVE (RTR)
PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
General Ledger
Dropping
Asset Accounting
Accounts Payable
Purchase Requisition
of Goods and
Services
Vendor Selection
Purchase Order
Goods Receipt
Invoice Receipt
Recognition of
Account Payment
Fixed Asset
Management
Payment
Inventory
Movement
SUPPLIER INVOICE TO PAYMENT (STP)
SUPPLIER
Figure 2 Baseline Business Architecture
Baseline Business Architecture, divided into 6 business processes, each of which is
interconnected and has business subprocesses, the explanation of which is as follows:
1. Estate Management is a business process that is in charge of oil palm plantation
development activities, part of its business subprocess: estate design, land
acquisition, nursery, planting, immature plantation, mature plantation,
maintenance, work plan, infrastructure and workshop. The result of this activity is
the fresh fruit bunch (FFB).
2. Mill Management is a business process that is responsible for FFB processing
activities into CPO and PK, part of its business subprocess: grading process, crude
palm oil and palm kernel production, crude palm oil and palm kernel production
administration, finish good management, co-product management, coadministration of product management and product expenditure. The output of this
activity is CPO and PK products.
3. Marketing and Sales Management is a business process that is responsible for the
process of marketing and selling CPO and PK, part of its business subprocess: presales management of CPO and PK, sales order management, shipping management
and billing management.
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4. Procurement Management is a business process carried out by stakeholders in
realizing procurement, whether goods or services, equipment and machinery or
buildings / construction as well as repairs or maintenance of assets owned, part of
the subprocess of their business: purchase requisition, vendor selection, purchase
order, goods receipt, invoice receipt, and inventory movement.
5. Finance Management is a business process that is responsible for financial
administration between investors, suppliers, customers and internal companies,
part of its business subprocess: general ledgers, accounts payable, accounts
receivable, bank accounting and asset accounting.
6. Human Resource Management is a business process that is responsible for
employee administrative management and human resource development, part of its
business subprocess: organizational management, administration personnel, time
management and payroll management.
4.3.2. Target Business Architecture
Target Business Architecture is to identify the business processes needed to support business
processes based on business principles, business objectives, business architecture
requirements and organizational constraints. Figure 3 is the target of business architecture. As
a result of the identification of business process needs, there are 4 new business processes and
3 business processes that are partially / replace. For an explanation of the target business
architecture can be seen in Table 2.
Target Business Architecture
CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER INVOICE TO RECEIPT
SALES AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Pre-Sales Management of
CPO and PK
ORDER TO SUPPLY
Sales Order
Management
Shipping Management
Billing Management
Acknowledgment of Account
Receipt
Receipt
MILL MANAGEMENT
CPO and PK
Production
Administration
CPO and PK
Production
Grading Process
Finish Good
Management
Co Product
Management
Product
Expenditure
ESTATE MANAGEMENT
Insfrastructure
Workshop
Estate
Control
Work Plan
Estate Design
FINANCE MANAGEMENT
Accounts Receivable
Land
Acquisition
Nursery
Planting
Immature
Plantation
Mature
Plantation
Maintenance
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Recruitment
Management
Payroll
Management
Organizational
Management
Time
Management
Personnel
Administration
Travel
Management
Bank Accounting
Closing
Cash Opname
Add COA
Bank
Reconciliation
Journal Voucher
Training and
Event
Management
REQUEST TO RECEIVE (RTR)
PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
General Ledger
Dropping
Asset Accounting
Accounts Payable
Purchase Requisition
of Goods and
Services
Vendor Selection
Purchase Order
Goods Receipt
Invoice Receipt
Recognition of
Account Payment
Fixed Asset
Management
Payment
Inventory
Movement
Legend
New
Partially Replace
Still
SUPPLIER
SUPPLIER INVOICE TO PAYMENT (STP)
Figure 3. Target Business Architecture
Table 2 List of Target Business Architecture
Business
Process
Description
Recruitment
Management
Human Resource Management
This business process provides functionality to
support the process of recruiting prospective
employees.
This business process provides functionality to
Travel
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Status
New
New
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Management
support the employee travel management
administration process.
This business process provides functionality to
support the administrative activity process for
employee training and development submissions.
Procurement Management
Training and
Event
Management
This business process provides functionality to
support the process of procurement of goods and
services.
Purchase
Request
New
Partially / replace from
the Subprocess Purchase
Requisition of Goods and
Services.
Estate Management
This business process provides functionality to
support the administrative process activities for
recording palm oil yields.
This business process provides functionality to
support the field inspection administrative process
activities.
Mill Managament
Harvesting
Management
Estate Control
Management
Weighbridge
Management
Partially / replace from
Subprocess Mature
Plantation.
New
Partially / replace from
the Subprocess Grading
Process
This business process provides functionality to
support FFB harvest receipts.
4.4. Data Architecture
This phase first analyzes the data architecture to identify and define various types of data that
will support the application.
4.4.1. Baseline Data Architecture
To find out Baseline Data Architecture, it is necessary to identify data requirements for
business activities. The following data architecture is currently in accordance with baseline
business architecture. Figure 4 baseline data architecture. The explanation for baseline data
architecture in Table 3.
Baseline Data Architecture
MARKETING AND SALES MANAGEMENT
FINANCE MANAGEMENT
Sales Order Data
Pre-Sales Data
Shipping Data
Billing Data
Accounts Receivable Data
MILL MANAGEMENT
CPO and PK
Production Data
Grading Data
CPO and PK
Production
Administration Data
Finish Good
Management
Data
Co Product
Management
Data
Product
Expenditure Data
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
ESTATE MANAGEMENT
Insfrastructure Data
Organizational
Data
Workshop Data
Work Plan Data
Estate Design
Data
Land
Acquisition
Data
Nursery Data
Planting Data
Personnel Data
Immature
Plantation
Data
Mature
Plantation
Data
Payroll Data
Bank
Accounting
Data
Time
Management
Data
Maintenance
Data
PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
Purchase Requisition
Data
General
Ledger Data
Asset
Accounting
Data
Vendor Selection
Data
Purchase Order
Data
Goods Receipt
Data
Invoice Receipt
Data
Accounts Payable Data
Inventory
Movement Data
Figure 4 Baseline Data Architecture
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Table 3 List of Baseline Business Architecture
Business
Function
Human Resource
Management
Finance
Management
Procurement
Management
Estate
Management
Mill Management
Marketing and
Sales
Management
Business Service
Data Entity
Organizational Management
Personnel Administration
Time Management
Payroll Management
General Ledger
Accounts Payable
Accounts Receivable
Bank Accounting
Asset Accounting
Procurement of goods and
services
Delivery of goods
Receiving Goods and
Services
Inventory Movement
Estate Design
Land Acquisition
Nursery
Planting
Immature Plantation
Mature Plantation
Maintenance
Work Plan
Infrastructure
Workshop
Grading Process
CPO and PK Production
CPO and PK Production
Administration
Finish Good Management
Co Product Management
Co Administration of
Product Management
Product Expenditure
Pre-Sales Management of
CPO and PK
Sales Order Management
Shipping Management
Master Organization Data
Employee Data
Attendance Data
Payroll Data
General Ledger Data
Payment Document
Receivement Document
Bank Accounting Data
Asset Document
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Procurement of goods and services Data
Delivery of goods Document
Receiving Goods and Services Data
Inventory Data
Estate Design Data
Land Acquisition Data
Nursery Data
Planting Data
Immature Plantation Data
Mature Plantation Data
Maintenance Data
Work Plan Data
Infrastructure Data
Workshop Data
FFB Sorting Data
Production CPO and PK Data
CPO and PK Production Administration
Data
Finish Good Management Document
Co Product Management Data
Co Administration of Product Management
Data
Expenditure Data
Pre-Sales Management of CPO and PK
Data
Sales Order Management Data
Shipping Data
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Billing Management
Billing Management Data
4.4.2. Target Data Architecture
This phase is done by identifying the data architecture needed to support the proposed
business process, based on organizational constraints and the concept of the solution in the
previous sub-chapter. The results of identification of data architecture needs as shown in
Figure 5. There are 4 new data architectures and 3 data architectures partially / replace.
Explanation of the target data architecture above can be seen in Table 4.
Target Data Architecture
FINANCE MANAGEMENT
MARKETING AND SALES MANAGEMENT
Sales Order Data
Pre-Sales Data
Shipping Data
Accounts Receivable Data
Billing Data
MILL MANAGEMENT
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CPO and PK
Production Data
Grading Data
CPO and PK
Production
Administration Data
Finish Good
Management
Data
Co Product
Management
Data
Product
Expenditure Data
Recruitment Data
Payroll Data
Organizational
Data
Time
Management
Data
ESTATE MANAGEMENT
Insfrastructure Data
Workshop Data
Estate
Control Data
Work Plan Data
Estate Design
Data
Land
Acquisition
Data
Nursery Data
Immature
Plantation
Data
Planting Data
Mature
Plantation
Data
Maintenance
Data
Bank
Accounting
Data
Personnel Data
Training and
Event
Management
Data
Travel
Management
Data
Asset
Accounting
Data
PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
Purchase Requisition
Data
General
Ledger Data
Vendor Selection
Data
Purchase Order
Data
Goods Receipt
Data
Invoice Receipt
Data
Accounts Payable Data
Inventory
Movement Data
Legend
New
Partially Replace
Current
Figure 5 Target Data Architecture
Table 4 List of Target Data Architecture
Business
Function
Business Service
Data Entity
Human
Resource
Management
Recruitment
Management
Travel
Management
Training and Event
Management
Recruitment
Management Data
Travel Management
Data
Training and Event
Management Data
Procurement
Management
Estate
Management
Mill
Managament
Status
New Data
New Data
New Data
Partially / replace from the
Subprocess Purchase
Requisition of Goods and
Services Data.
Partially / replace from
Subprocess Mature
Plantation Data.
Purchase Request
Management
Purchase Request Data
Harvesting
Management
Harvesting
Management Data
Estate Control
Management
Estate Control
Management Data
New Data
Weighbridge
Management
Weighbridge
Management Data
Partially / replace from the
Subprocess Grading Process
Data.
4.5. Application Architecture
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In this phase includes the preparation of the company's current application architecture, and
target application architecture according to the company's business needs.
4.5.1. Baseline Application Architecture
To find out what applications have been used, it is necessary to do an inventory of documents
and interviews with company management. An explanation baseline application architecture
explained in Table 5. This list helps determine the scope of changes that can affect certain
types of applications.
Baseline Application Architecture
APLIKASI UTAMA
ERP SYSTEM
SAP
Checkroll Module
SAP
Financial Controlling
Module
SAP
Material Management
Module
SAP
Estate Management
Module
SAP
Production Process
Module
SAP
Sales and Distribution
Module
Helpdesk Ticketing
System
Geographic
Information System
Push Report System
Business Intelligence
SUB APLIKASI UTAMA
Attendance
Management System
Budgeting and
Planning System
Tax Invoice System
APLIKASI PENDUKUNG
Document
Management System
Web Portal
E-mail System
Figure 6 Baseline Application Architecture
Table 5 List of Baseline Appliction Architecture
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Application
SAP - Checkroll Module
SAP - Finance Controlling
Module
SAP - Material
Management Module
SAP - Estate Management
Module
SAP - Production Process
Module
SAP - Sales and
Distribution Module
Document Management
System
Tax Invoice System
Logical Component
Human Resource
Management
Finance Controlling
Management
Procurement Management
Estate Management
Physical Component
ERP System - Human Resource
ERP System - Finance
Controlling
ERP System - Procurement
Management
ERP System - Estate
Management
Mill Management
ERP System - Mill Management
Marketing and Sales
Management
ERP System - Marketing and
Sales Management
Document Management
Document Management System
Tax Invoice tool
Tax Invoice System
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No
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Application
Web Portal
Helpdesk Ticketing
System
Attendance Management
System
Budgeting and Planning
System
Geographic Information
System
Push Report System
Business Intelligence
System
16
E-mail System
Logical Component
Company Information
Helpdesk Ticketing
Management
Attendance Management
tool
Budgeting and Planning
Management
Geographic Information
Management
Push Report Management
Business Intelligence
Management
Electronic Mail
Mangement
Physical Component
Company Information System
Helpdesk Ticketing System
Attendance Management System
Budgeting and Planning System
Geographic Information System
Push Report System
Business Intelligence System
E-mail System
4.5.2. Target Application Architecture
This phase is done by identifying the applications needed to support business processes with
architectural vision guidelines. Based on company problems and solution concepts discussed
in the previous sub-chapter, figure 7 is the target of application architecture, there are 7 new
applications, consisting of 4 new applications and 3 applications that are partially replaced by
removing submodules from the SAP system. Table 6 is a list of target applications including
descriptions and functions.
Target Application Architecture
APLIKASI UTAMA
ERP SYSTEM
SAP
Checkroll Module
SAP
Financial Controlling
Module
SAP
Material Management
Module
SAP
Estate Management
Module
SAP
Production Process
Module
Attendance
Management System
Budgeting and
Planning System
Purchase Request
System
Harvesting
Management System
Weighbridge System
Recruitment
Management System
Tax Invoice System
SAP
Sales and Distribution
Module
SUB APLIKASI UTAMA
Estate Control
System
Travel
Management System
Training
Managamenet System
APLIKASI PENDUKUNG
Document
Management System
Web Portal
Helpdesk Ticketing
System
Geographic
Information System
Push Report System
Business Intelligence
E-mail System
Legend
New
Partially Replace
Current
Figure 7 Target Application Architecture
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Table 6 List of Target Application Architecture
Application
Recruitment
Management
System
Travel
Management
System
Training and
Event
Management
System
Purchase
Request System
Description Application
Platform
Human Resource Management
This application provides functionality to
Web
support prospective employee recruitment
Application
activities.
This application provides functionality to
Web
support employee travel management
Application
administration activities.
This application provides functionality to
Web
support administrative activities for
Application
employee training and development
submissions.
Procurement Management
This application provides functionality to
Web
support the procurement of goods and
Application
services.
Status
New Application
New Application
New Application
Partially / replace
from the
Submodule
Purchase
Requisition of
Goods and
Services.
Estate Management
Harvesting
Management
System
This application provides functionality to
support the administrative process activities
of recording palm oil yields.
Mobile
Application
Partially / replace
from Submodule
Mature Plantation.
Estate Control
System
This application provides functionality to
support the field inspection administrative
process activities.
Mill Managament
This application provides functionality to
support the activity of receiving FFB
harvests.
Mobile
Application
New Application
Desktop
Application
Partially / replace
from the
Submodule
Grading Process.
Weighbridge
System
4.6. Technology Architecture
Technology architecture addresses the needs of technology including network services,
security services, infrastructure, data services, application services, and support services.
4.6.1. Baseline Technology Architecture
Based on data collection conducted through analysis of company documents and interviews
with the IT Infrastructure Manager. Explanation of current technology architecture:
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The data center used by the company is its own data center with a Tier 1 classification.
The location is inside the company's office which is managed independently and does not
have a disasater recovery center (DRC).
Server hardware used by virtual machine devices.
Storage used is a type of Storage Area Network (SAN), currently storage capacity for
prosuction database backups is not proportional to the capacity of database production.
Network hardware used is in table 7. In the table the number of core switches as main
switches is only 1 unit and for firewall devices also 1 unit, so there is no backup device.
Network topology that is used to connect between the head office and the site. The topology
used only has 1 unit of firewall device that connects the server Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
area. Whereas the Farm Server area does not use firewall devices.The data network service
used has 2 types of connections between head office and site, namely satellite and terrestrial
connections.
Based on current technology security identification analysis, including:
1. There is no control access for access to infrastructure and information systems.
2. There is no management control access related to network users. and monitoring
log.
3. There is only one layer of firewall that limits access to data servers and application
servers from the internet or outside networks.
4. There is no system for preventing intrusion to maintain data confidentiality.
Table 7 List of Network Device
No
Device
Type
Product Type
Operating System
Qty
Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Router
Router
Router
Router
Router
Router
Switch
Router
Switch
Switch
Switch
Switch
Switch
Switch
Mikrotik RB1100AH
Mikrotik RB1200
Cisco 2800
Cisco 2911
MikroBits Dinara
SOPHOS SG-450
Cisco Catalyst 2960X
Cisco 2800
Cisco Catalyst 3750X
Cisco Catalyst 3560G
Cisco Catalyst 2960
Cisco Catalyst 2960S
HP 2510G Switch
Cisco Catalyst 2960
RouterOS
RouterOS
Cisco IOS
Cisco IOS
RouterOS
Sophos Firewall OS
Cisco Catalyst OS
Cisco IOS
Cisco Catalyst OS
Cisco Catalyst OS
Cisco Catalyst OS
Cisco Catalyst OS
Procurve OS
Cisco Catalyst OS
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Router Vendor 1
Router Vendor 2
Wan Router 1
Internet Router
Wan Router 2
Firewall
Switch Gis
Router Vendor 3
Core Switch
Server Farm
Server Farm
Server DMZ
Router Vendor 4
Switch AP
4.6.2. Target Technology Architecture
This stage is done by identifying the technological architecture needed to support the
application architecture. The following is an explanation of the target technology architecture.
The data center used by the company is a data center with Tier 1 classification, meaning
that IT equipment is served by one distribution channel (non-redundat), or one uplink per one
server. Thus, the availability of data center technology services is likely to experience a lot of
downtime. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the classification to Tier 2 by adding
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redundant components by adding backup resources equipped with generators in preparation
for a power outage. The current data center does not yet have a disaster recovery center
(DRC), so if the datacenter function occurs, the call is not redundant, so it is necessary to
procure the DRC.
With the addition of applications, also requires appropriate resources to use, so that the
server performance is maintained. For this reason, it is necessary to procure new server
devices for the backup server to maintain service availability.
Data storage media every day diminishes, for that additional storage is needed based on
the needs needed. Currently the storage capacity for backup database production is only 8
terabytes while the database production capacity is 10 terabytes, so it is not proportional to the
amount of data to be backed up.
The condition of the network hardware used by the company today, there is still Single
Point of Failure, meaning that it still has a dependency on a function, if the function fails then
the entire system does not work. In table 7network hardware, the core switch device as the
main switch is only 1 unit and for the firewall device is also 1 unit, so there is no backup
device. For this reason, a redundant or a backup device is needed in preparation for the core
switch and firewall functions to occur.
The network topology used only has 1 unit of firewall device that connects the server
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) area. While the Server Farm area does not use firewall devices, so
it does not have layered security. This allows an attack and disrupts the performance of Server
Farm as the company's operational application server services. The internet site service
facility is currently being distributed from the Jakarta head office, thus disrupting application
service lines, thereby reducing the speed of business application usage performance. For this
reason, it is necessary to separate the internet data path and application data path.
The data network service used by the company has 2 types of connections between head
office and site, namely satellite and terrestrial connections. Differences in satellite
connections and teriserial data transfer rates. The use of satellite connections data
transmission speeds is slower than terrestrial. For this reason, a connection standard is needed
so that data transmission stability is guaranteed by using a terrestrial network connection.
Based on current technological security analysis.Services used to support administration
of access rights related to information and monitoring in the form of:Identity management,
authorization, authentication, and access control management, control logging and log
management, auditing ability, Control monitoring and event management, Data encryption /
decryption control and key management controls, physical access, intrusion detection, and
surveillance controls.
5. CONCLUSION
This study focuses on enterprise architecture recommendations as a blueprint for the
development of XYZ company information technology, which consists of business asset
model recommendations, information system architecture and technology architecture.
The recommended business architecture model is a subprocess that was previously done
manually can be done in a system, so that it can reduce the manual workload and support the
business needs of the XYZ company optimally.
The recommended information system architecture model is modular application
development, so that the main SAP system applications are still used. Business functions that
are not yet available on the SAP system can be developed with integrated support
applications, or by developing new partially replace submodules from SAP submodules, so as
to reduce the cost of user licenses in SAP without reducing existing business functions.
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The recommended technology architecture model is that the use of technology is still
being used, but it is necessary to add and update the quality of technology to optimize the
company's information technology services.
Designing IT blueprint using TOGAF ADM can be used as a reference to provide
integrated business, data, information and technology recommendations to optimize the
development of information technology.
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