International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 10, Issue 03, March 2019, pp. 907-912. Article ID: IJCIET_10_03_089
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=03
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON NANO
CONCRETE
*P.Mugilvani
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, BIST, BIHER,
Bharath University, India
S.Thiru murugan
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Salem, India
B. Kaviya and K. Sathishkumar
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, BIST, BIHER,
Bharath University, India.
*Corresponding Author
ABSTRACT
This highlights the importance of light weight nature of structural elements via replacing certain percentage of cement by nano materials.Nano science concerns with mere atomic scale. To be specific now Nano computers are come into picture. The world can be shrunk into Nano scale for the Universe diameter of approximately 12,000 km.
By the usage of nano materials, not only more surface area but also dirt-free environment might prevail. The science of nano is now leading to nanotechnology which is the application in many engineering and science field. Nano technology can be defined as “the design, characterization, production and application of materials, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nano scale”. Nano technology is one of the most important key technologies of the twenty first century while its economic impact is another aspect to be recognized.
Nano technology is an enabling technology that opens new possibilities in construction sustainability. Concrete is the most commonly used material for construction. A concrete produced by replacing a certain percentage of cement with nano material is called the nano concrete. The mechanical behavior of concrete material depends on the phenomenon that occurs on a nano scale.
Keywords: Investigation on Nano Concrete. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 907 editor@iaeme.com
P. Mugilvani, S. Thiru murugan, B. Kaviya and K. Sathishkumar
Cite this Article : P. Mugilvani, S. Thiru murugan, B. Kaviya and K. Sathishkumar,
Experimental Investigation on Nano Concrete, International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology , 10(3), 2019, pp. 907-912. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=03
1. INTRODUCTION
The use of large quantities of cement produces increasing carbon di oxide emission which is the major cause of greenhouse effect. A method to reduce the cement content in concrete mixes is the use of nano materials. Nano technology is an enabling technology that opens new possibilities in construction sustainability. If Portland cement can be formulated with nano size cement particles, it will open up a large number of opportunities. The cement will not only be more economical than organic polymers but also will be fire resistant. Also, nanotechnology enables us to develop materials with improved or totally new properties. Nano concrete have the ability to control or manipulate materials at the atomic scale. By use of nano concrete cement savings up to 35 – 45% can be achieved. The pozzolanic reaction of silica with calcium hydroxide forms more CSH (calcium – silicate - hydrate) gel at final stage which can fill the remaining voids in the young and partially hydrated cement paste. The Fig 1.1 illustrates a comparison of conventional material with advanced nano material.
He partial replacement percentages are 10%, 20%, 30%. In this investigation’s properties such as compressive strength and durability strength of palm ash based concrete and conventional concrete are find out.
K.Sathish Kumar,(2015)This paper outlines the basic mechanism involved in microbial concrete on which studies were carried out to investigate the causes involved in enhancing the strength and durability of concrete.( P. Samudre) Basedon the studied properties like compressive strength, permeability, water absorption, chloride ingression, the microbial mineral precipitation appears to be a promising technique at this state of development.( Rafat
Siddique a). Thus if a particularly weak structural component is subjected to a heavy load which exceeds the strength of the structural component, clearly failure could occur. (S.J. Mohan).
Cement is a simulated material comparable in appearance and properties to some characteristic lime stone rock.(SVinoth Kumar).
2. PREPARATION OF CUBE SPECIMEN
The materials such as cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate were batched and taken.W/C ratio of 0.45% of water is measured and taken.Nano silica weighing 200gm (20%) is taken for mixing with cement.The cube moulds were prepared by applying oil on the inner surface of it.The cement and nano silica is mixed well.Then fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are added to it thoroughly.After mixing well water (with 20 ml of superplasticiser and 20 ml of Dr. Fixit) is added to it and the mixture is prepared. The mixture is filled in the mould in three layers with each layer compacted 25 times using the tamping rod.Similarly the moulds with different percentage of nano silica replaced in cement as 30% and 50% were cast. The moulds are kept undisturbed for one day.On next day the moulds are removed and the specimens are transferred to the curing tank. After 7 days curing the cubes are taken out and kept for one day. Then the cubes are tested in the compressive testing machine.The load acted on the cubes is noted and the compressive strength of the cubes is calculated.
amount of adding nano silica will not increase the strength. This is because if more cement is deleted, the strength will get reduced. This aspect is shown in this graph.
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Experimental Investigation on Nano Concrete
3. TESTED SPECIMEN
The following tests have been conducted during our project:
1.
Compressive strength test for cubes
2.
Compressive strength test for cylinder
4. REAGENTS
1.
Superplasticiser
2.
Dr. Fixit
Figure 3.1
Compressive Testing Machine
Figure 4.1
superplasticiser Figure 4.2
Dr. Fixit
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 5.1,5.2 shows the weight of the casted cubes and cylinders embedded with nano materials such as nano silica, nano titanium di oxide and silica fume with the replacement of 20%, 30% and 50%. From the graph 4.1 which is for load vs. percentage of nano silica added. This is to obtain optimum % of nano silica vis-à-vis to corresponding load. At around 30% of replacement load obtained is 350 kN which is very encouraging. After this any
Sl .no.
1
2
3
Table 5.1
Compressive Strength Calculation (Cube )
Mould
20% nano silica replaced
30% nano silica replaced
50% nano silica replaced
Dimension(mm) Load(kN)
150x150 290
Compressive
Strength(N/mm 2 )
12.889
150x150
150x150
350
145
15.556
6.444
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P. Mugilvani, S. Thiru murugan, B. Kaviya and K. Sathishkumar
Sl .no.
1
2
3
Sl. no.
1
2
3
400
300
200
100
0
0 20 40 60
Series1
Figure 5.1
Nano silica
Table 5.2
Silica Fume
Mould
20% silica fume replaced
30% silica fume replaced
50% silica fume replaced
400
300
200
100
0
0 20
Dimension(mm) Load(kN)
150x150
150x150
150x150
40 60
225
334
170
Series1
Compressive
Strength(N/mm 2 )
11.333
14.844
7.555
Figure 5.2
Silica fume
Table 5.3
Titanium di-oxide
Mould
20% nano Tio
2 replaced
30% nano Tio
2 replaced
50% nano Tio
2 replaced
Dimension(mm) Load(kN)
150x150
150x150
150x150
275
320
152
Compressive
Strength(N/mm 2 )
12.222
14.222
6.75
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Experimental Investigation on Nano Concrete
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 20 40 60
Series1
Figure 5.3
Titanium di-oxide
5.1. Compressive Strength Calculation (Cylinder)
Table 5.4
Nano silica cylinder
Sl.no
1
2
3
Mould
Plain concrete cube
20% nano silica replaced
30% nano silica replaced
Dimension(mm)
D=150mm
H=300mm
D=150mm
H=300mm
D=150mm
H=300mm
D=150mm
H=300mm
Load(kN)
139.85
156.70
172.10
Compressive strength(N/mm2)
7.92
8.87
9.74
4 50% nano silica replaced
200
150
101.25 5.73
100
50
Series1
0
0 20 40 60
Figure 5.3
Nano silica (cylinder)
6. SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS
1.
Nano concrete works with embedding technology at nano scale of the materials like nano silica, nano carbon, nano fume, nano fibre.
2.
The above materials when used as admixture will offer a complete non leakage i.e. nil leakage conditions.
3.
Complete cohesion because of the size less nano power totally and comprehensively prevents formation of pore spaces.
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P. Mugilvani, S. Thiru murugan, B. Kaviya and K. Sathishkumar
4.
Because of high homogeneity a green environment is created in the structural elements with nano material embedded.
5.
In almost all floors and roofs even paneled vertical walls can be constructed with nano concrete.
6.
Because of light weight, nano concrete will strike an excellent economy in the construction.
7.
It is now well established that no more charm is to be attached with conventional technology in concrete.
8.
In view of this advanced technology which will reduce the weight of member offering reduction of conventional materials.
9.
On the roof top a mere painting of nano silica together with very small amount of cement will give complete protection to radiation effect.
REFERENCE
[1] Rafat Siddique a, and Navneet Kaur Chahal b (2011), “Effect of ureolytic bacteria on concrete properties”, a. Department of Civil Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala,
Punjab, India.
[2]
P. Samudre, M. N. Mangulkar, and S. D. Saptarshi (2014), “A Review of Emerging Way to Enhance the Durability and Strength of Concrete Structures”.
[3] K Sathish Kumar, S Dillibabu (2015), “Experimental Study on Partial replacement of cement by palm Ash” - Indian Journal of Science and Technology,
[4] S. J. Mohan , R. Chitra , S. Thendral
“ Limit State Method of Design for Steel Structures
Department of Civil Engineering , BIST, BIHER, Bharath University.
[5] K. Sathish kumar, S.Vinoth Kumar (2017), “Experimental study on improving the strength properties of coconut shell as coarse aggregate INCONCRETE ”, Department of Civil
Engineering, BIST, BIHER, Chennai, Volume 116 No. 14.
[6] Sudipto Nath Priyom (2017), “ Potential application of bacteria to make durable concrete,
1 st
bangladesh civil engineering summit .
[7] IS: 10262-2009 Concrete mix proportioning – Guidelines.
[8] IS: 1489 part-1 1991 - Portland Pozzolana Cement fly ash based.
[9] IS: 269 -1989 - Ordinary Portland Cement - 33 Grade (Reaffirmed 2004).
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