International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 10, Issue 04, April 2019, pp. 73-82, Article ID: IJCIET_10_04_008
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=04
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
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A SMART CAMPUS OVERVIEW OF ISLAMIC
PERSPECTIVES IN UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN
MALAYSIA
Zaizul Ab Rahman, Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Kamarudin Salleh
Centre for Aqidah and Global Peace, Faculty of Islamic Studies
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Zaini Said
Faculty of Sciences Health
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Azmul Fahimi Kamaruzaman
Centre for the Middle East and Nusantara, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim
Centre for Contemporary Fiqh and Syariah Compliance, Faculty of Islamic Studies
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
ABSTRACT
UKM needs to position itself to embrace the Transformation 2050 (TN50) plan and
the emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). This ‘Resilient Community in
Smart and Sustainable Campus’ project which is 1 out of the 4 projects in the proposed
programme is considered the most important project. The findings from this project
will drive the execution of the other projects. Three objectives of the study are as
follows: First, to develop holistic indicators and KPIs of resilient community for 'Smart
and Sustainable Campus'. Second, to implement holistic indicators and KPIs for
specific projects. Thirdly, to produce educational modules and materials to develop
resilient campus community. The word resilient community is the key word for a
successful implementation of any new systems to be introduced to the campus. To
produce resilient community towards the Smart and Sustainable campus, consideration
needs to be made on socio-cultural, demographic, quality of life, health, safety,
economy, management and governance, environment, legal, education, technical and
technological requirements, thus all disciplines of knowledge will be gathered in this
project to achieve the aim.
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73
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Zaizul Ab Rahman, Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Kamarudin Salleh, Zaini Said, Azmul Fahimi
Kamaruzaman and Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim
Key words: Islamic Mental-Cognitive Process, Empowering The Psychosocial,
Adolescents’ at Risk, Psychology of Religion
Cite this Article: Zaizul Ab Rahman, Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Kamarudin Salleh,
Zaini Said, Azmul Fahimi Kamaruzaman and Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim, A Smart
Campus Overview of Islamic Perspectives in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.,
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(04), 2019, pp. 73–82
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=04
1. INTRODUCTION
The holistic indicators and KPIs produced in this research project will be equally applicable to
a bigger community, as the UKM main campus is representative of a bigger “city”, since the
campus area, population size and resources fulfils the characteristics of a mini township. The
average students’ population is around 25,000 and 5,500 staff. Currently, as with most other
university campuses. Therefore, this research can be considered translational in respect of the
national context. The concepts introduced hopefully will be taken up and adopted by all
stakeholders and create a national impact and to ascertain the relevant laws for potential
legislative framework to regulate the Smart City. Transformation (TN50) and the explosion of
the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4iR) to be a wonder if people are not trying to restore their
"spirit" and "conscience" from the aspect of 'Smart City' will be implemented in the 'Smart
Campus'. This concern culminates if not only human beings have fallen on technology, but
they are converted into automated machines. This is because the change in technology causes
a worrying phenomenon in modern life resulting in an imbalance in human life that is not ready
to cope with the current TN50 and 4iR in the context of 'Smart Campus'. For example, although
Malaysia managed to produce high technology in the 'Smart Campus' that made it easier for
university students to carry out their day-to-day affairs, but failed to control the environment,
pollution, damage and destruction of the environment; although today the university has
managed to develop a smart but failed environment develop university students who are able
to use them well and become users like other developed countries.
Hence, the development of the 'Smart Campus' community needs to be seen in terms of
personality and religiosity. Each individual has an innate personality known as Tret personality
and is associated with religious life called religiosity. Both are the two main components to
create a stable and prosperous individual. There are five main features in personality trends
namely extraversion, neurotism, openness, prudence and consent. While the three important
features of religiosity are faith, worship and morality that each have the maximum impact on
the well-being of the individual 'Smart Campus'. Religion creates good religiosity while
education creates an interesting personality trait. If these two variables (personality trends and
religiosity) are merged then they will produce quality and prosperous people in the 'Smart
Campus' population.
Based on the Legatum Prosperity Index lists the well-being of Malaysians in the 44th of
142 countries in 2016 which will serve as the basis for the support of the 'Smart Campus' entity
(Asyraf et al., 2016). Eight elements in the evaluation of the people's well-being used include
social capital, individual freedom, security, health, education, governance, entrepreneurship
and economy. Although the data of the Legatum Prosperity Index shows that the Malaysian
economy is improving which ranks 8th in 2013 compared to 17th in 2011; safety aspect in
terms of safety is worrisome when the country's position has fallen from the 64th in 2015 (64th)
to 2016. Based on the quality of life in terms of education quality, Malaysia is ranked 34th in
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A Smart Campus Overview of Islamic Perspectives in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2016 compared to stairs -35 by 2015. Asia Pacific ranks show that Malaysia is ranked 8th in
Thailand (11th place), Philippines (16th place) and Indonesia (17th place).
Overall, data analysis from this study suggests that the quality of life of the community is
important and needs to be addressed further (Asyraf et al., 2014). The study of urban wellbeing shows a lot of issues and problems affecting the quality of urban life so further empirical
studies are needed (Samsuhaizad, Jamaluddin and Azahan, 2016). The World Health
Organization (WHO) defines the quality of life as an individual's perception of their position
in the context of the culture and value system in which they are and it is closely linked to
expectations, goals, levels and concerns covering one's physical health, psychological state,
personal beliefs, social relationships and their relationship with the prominent features of their
environment (http://www.who.int/mental_health/media/68.pdf: May 10, 2015)
2. BIG FIVE THEORY PROCESS OF SMART CAMPUS
Through the Big Five theory process, 'Smart Campus' will be classified according to their
personality and attitude. The result is different between individuals and other individuals.
Positive effectiveness will be exhibited through positive behavior and morals while negative
effects require the method of strengthening religious values to produce responsible
personalities. Analyzing citizenry 'Smart Campus' with religious values will show their more
responsible attitude, high self-esteem, have a precise user mentality, honesty, have a living and
able to live.
The above figure demonstrates the religious observance process of 'Smart Campus' through
three main aspects namely faith, worship and morals. They are judged by the assessment of
basic religious knowledge such as the pillars of Iman, the pillars of Islam ‘ethic’ in Islam
whether ‘ethic’ individuals with their God, individuals with themselves and individuals with
their families. Religion becomes a complete one with the two elements namely ‘aqidah’ (as a
tree or spinal cord) and its twigs are practical things. The subject matter is the matter of faith
in Allah, the angels, the book, the holy, the messenger and the hereafter. While the twigs are
worship, muamalat and ethic (Muhammad Salih Samak 1980). Thus the three aspects are seen
as having a strong relationship as the basis of one's religiosity. The above conceptual
framework demonstrates that religion creates religiosity. According to Azma (2006), the
development of religious practices or religiosity at adolescence is critical. It is influenced by
intellectual, emotional and social factors. The reactions between these factors affect the
'Campus Camp' population of religion as well as result in various levels of religiosity in
Citizens' Camps. Some demographic factors are also found to affect the level of religiosity of
'Smart Campus', among them age, gender, ethnic group, location and parental occupation. the
work that will be carried out in this study to see the correlation of personality tret theory and
religious theory as the factor of living well-being of the subject of 'Smart Campus'. This theory
will be absorbed in several sessions that will be conducted with residents of campus to test the
correlation of their personalities and religiosity in the development of a prosperous life. This
framework is constructed briefly to ensure that it is easily applied and understood by
researchers and general readers as well as important in the work done in the study so that
researchers are always focused on this research. It will also give a clear overview of the entire
study as well as help the study work run smoothly and in order to be completed according to
the plan.
3. FUNDAMENTAL VALUE OF RELIGION
This study is very important to assist the residents of campus by providing the fundamental
value of religion so that they can create a great personality. Since overseas studies have
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp
75
editor@iaeme.com
Zaizul Ab Rahman, Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Kamarudin Salleh, Zaini Said, Azmul Fahimi
Kamaruzaman and Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim
preceded the adoption of personality with religiosity, it has also been adopted in Israel for
recognizing that the religious module is capable of forming good personality, personality and
personality. High scores in studies conducted by western scholars show the reliability of using
religious modiosity among Muslims. It is important to ensure that 'Smart Campus' citizens are
able to become professional and ethical users in the challenges of 'Smart Campus'.
Transformation (TN50) and the explosion of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4iR) to be a
wonder if people are not trying to restore their "spirit" and "conscience" from the aspect of
'Smart City' will be implemented in the 'Smart Campus'. This concern culminates if not only
human beings have fallen on technology, but they are converted into automated machines. This
is because the change in technology causes a worrying phenomenon in modern life resulting in
an imbalance in human life that is not ready to cope with the current TN50 and 4iR in the
context of 'Smart Campus'. For example, although Malaysia managed to produce high
technology in the 'Smart Campus' that made it easier for university students to carry out their
day-to-day affairs, but failed to control the environment, pollution, damage and destruction of
the environment; although today the university has managed to develop a smart but failed
environment develop university students who are able to use them well and become users like
other developed countries.
4. DEVELOPMENT OF THE 'SMART CAMPUS' COMMUNITY
Hence, the development of the 'Smart Campus' community needs to be seen in terms of
personality and religiosity. Each individual has an innate personality known as Tret personality
and is associated with religious life called religiosity (Ahmad, M. Y. et al 2018; Zaizul et al
2018; Jaffary Awang et al 2018). Both are the two main components to create a stable and
prosperous individual. There are five main features in personality trends namely extraversion,
neurotism, openness, prudence and consent. While the three important features of religiosity
are faith, worship and morality that each have the maximum impact on the well-being of the
individual 'Smart Campus'. Religion creates good religiosity while education creates an
interesting personality trait. If these two variables (personality trends and religiosity) are
merged then they will produce quality and prosperous people in the 'Smart Campus' population.
Based on the Legatum Prosperity Index lists the well-being of Malaysians in the 44th of
142 countries in 2016 which will serve as the basis for the support of the 'Smart Campus' entity
(Asyraf et al., 2016). Eight elements in the evaluation of the people's well-being used include
social capital, individual freedom, security, health, education, governance, entrepreneurship
and economy. Although the data of the Legatum Prosperity Index shows that the Malaysian
economy is improving which ranks 8th in 2013 compared to 17th in 2011; safety aspect in
terms of safety is worrisome when the country's position has fallen from the 64th in 2015 (64th)
to 2016. Based on the quality of life in terms of education quality, Malaysia is ranked 34th in
2016 compared to stairs -35 by 2015. Asia Pacific ranks show that Malaysia is ranked 8th in
Thailand (11th place), Philippines (16th place) and Indonesia (17th place).
Overall, data analysis from this study suggests that the quality of life of the community is
important and needs to be addressed further (Asyraf et al., 2014). The study of urban wellbeing shows a lot of issues and problems affecting the quality of urban life so further empirical
studies are needed ( Mohd Noor, A. Y et al 2017; Samsuhaizad, Jamaluddin and Azahan, 2016).
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the quality of life as an individual's perception
of their position in the context of the culture and value system in which they are and it is closely
linked to expectations, goals, levels and concerns covering one's physical health, psychological
state, personal beliefs, social relationships and their relationship with the prominent features of
their environment (http://www.who.int/mental_health/media/68.pdf: May 10, 2015)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp
76
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A Smart Campus Overview of Islamic Perspectives in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
5. 'SMART CAMPUS' WILL BE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR
PERSONALITY AND ATTITUDE
Through the Big Five theory process,'Smart Campus' will be classified according to their
personality and attitude. The result is different between individuals and other individuals.
Positive effectiveness will be exhibited through positive behavior and morals while negative
effects require the method of strengthening religious values to produce responsible
personalities. Analyzing citizenry 'Smart Campus' with religious values will show their more
responsible attitude, high self-esteem, have a precise user mentality, honesty, have a living and
able to live. The above figure demonstrates the religious observance process of ‘Smart Campus'
through three main aspects namely faith, worship and morals. They are judged by the
assessment of basic religious knowledge such as the pillars of Iman, the pillars of Islam ‘ethic’
in Islam whether ethic individuals with their God, individuals with themselves and individuals
with their families. Religion becomes a complete one with the two elements namely ‘aqidah’
(as a tree or spinal cord) and its twigs are practical things. The subject matter is the matter of
faith in Allah, the angels, the book, the holy, the messenger and the hereafter. While the twigs
are worship, muamalat and ethic (Muhammad Salih Samak 1980; Mohd Noor, A. Y. 2012,
2017). Thus the three aspects are seen as having a strong relationship as the basis of one's
religiosity. The above conceptual framework demonstrates that religion creates religiosity.
According to Azma (2006), the development of religious practices or religiosity at adolescence
is critical. It is influenced by intellectual, emotional and social factors. The reactions between
these factors affect the 'Campus Camp' population of religion as well as result in various levels
of religiosity in Citizens' Camps. Some demographic factors are also found to affect the level
of religiosity of 'Smart Campus', among them age, gender, ethnic group, location and parental
occupation. the work that will be carried out in this study to see the correlation of personality
tret theory and religious theory as the factor of living well-being of the subject of 'Smart
Campus'. This theory will be absorbed in several sessions that will be conducted with residents
of campus to test the correlation of their personalities and religiosity in the development of a
prosperous life. This framework is constructed briefly to ensure that it is easily applied and
understood by researchers and general readers as well as important in the work done in the
study so that researchers are always focused on this research. It will also give a clear overview
of the entire study as well as help the study work run smoothly and in order to be completed
according to the plan (Dukes, L.F. (2001). Hart, A.W. (1994) James, C. (2000) Jamaliah Abdul
Hamid & Norashimah Ismail. (2005).
6. CONCLUSION
This study is very important to assist the residents of campus by providing the fundamental
value of religion so that they can create a great personality. Since overseas studies have
preceded the adoption of personality with religiosity, it has also been adopted in Israel for
recognizing that the religious module is capable of forming good personality Bebbe, R.J. et al
2002; Blasé, J. et al 1995; Bloom, G. 1999; Cochran, J.D. 2001; Leithwood, K.A. et al 1992).
High scores in studies conducted by western scholars show the reliability of using religious
modiosity among Muslims. It is important to ensure that 'Smart Campus' citizens are able to
become professional and ethical users in the challenges of ' Smart Campus '.
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This study received the support and funding from the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia through
the research code EP-2018-017 and UKM Premier Challenge Grants DCP-2017-006/4.
Appreciation is also conveyed to the CRIM (Centre for Research and Instrumentation), Centre
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77
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Zaizul Ab Rahman, Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Kamarudin Salleh, Zaini Said, Azmul Fahimi
Kamaruzaman and Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim
of Aqidah and Global Peace, Faculty of Islamic Studies, UKM, Faculty of Engineering and
Built Environment, Faculty of Education, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Law, Faculty of
Economy and Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, UKM as well as all those who have
made this research a success.
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