International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET)
Volume 10, Issue 04, April 2019, pp. 580–587, Article ID: IJMET_10_04_057
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=4
ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
© IAEME Publication
Scopus Indexed
CONTROL STRATEGY OF DUAL FED OPENEND WINDING PMSM DRIVE WITH FLOATING
BRIDGE CAPACITOR
A.S. Lutonin, A.Y. Shklyarskiy, Y.E. Shklyarskiy
Chair of General Electrotechnic, Saint-Petersburg Mining University, St. Petersburg, Russia
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a control strategy of open winding permanent magnet
synchronous motor (OW PMSM) in field weakening modes. There are two inverters.
One of them connected to the traction battery. Main bridge inverter aimed to provide
power with approximately unity power factor, another one to capacitor. Floating
bridge inverter aimed to control capacitor voltage on desired value and provide
reactive power to the moto. Compare OW PMSM control system with conventional
field-oriented control (FOC) shows that proposed method helps to reach speed 1.41
times more than FOC system. FOC system was simulated with 310V DC power
supply. OW PMSM with 160V DC power supply and 500 nanofarad capacitor.
Key words: OWPMSM, OEWPMSM, SVPWM, Floating bridge, Permanent, magnet,
motor, MATLAB, capacitor
Cite this Article: A.S. Lutonin, A.Y. Shklyarskiy, Y.E. Shklyarskiy, Control Strategy
of Dual Fed Open-End Winding PMSM Drive with Floating Bridge Capacitor,
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 10(4), 2019, pp.
580–587.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=4
1. INTRODUCTION
PMSM motor is widely used in traction applications because of its best mass/dimensional
ratio parameters, high efficiency [1,2]. However, one of the main PMSM motors’ problem is
rapid torque decreasing while working in high-speed area. In [3-5] paper, special control
algorithms to control PMSM motor in field weakening mode were proposed. In [6] L.Chu, et
al compared maximum speed dependency on stator winding connection type. Trends showed
maximum speed increasing ability with open winding connection mode with flux weakening
control algorithms. In paper [7] OW-PMSM with five leg inverters with five leg secondary
inverter were presented. In [8] comparing different topologies of OWPMSM motor were
presented. Topologies with single power source and with two different power sources with
equal voltages is the most acceptable for flux weakening operation. Paper [9] presents
topology of OWPMSM motor with two inverters with independent power sources, where
algorithms of power sharing between independent sources were presented. Paper [10]
describes algorithms of OWPMSM control with electrolytic capacitor connection on the
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A.S. Lutonin, A.Y. Shklyarskiy, Y.E. Shklyarskiy
secondary inverter’s power side. Research results shows that capacitor helps to reduce backEMF of PMSM motor and increase its maximum operation speed value.
This paper represents OWPMSM topology two inverters with DC-source in
one side and floating capacitor on the other side coupled to powertrain in order to get
presented topology’s dynamic performance.
2. OWPMSM MOTOR MODEL
Figure 1. OWPMSM motor equivalent circuit
Equivalent circuit of OWPMSM showed on Fig.1. Generally, there is no difference with
PMSM with stator star secondary winding connection. PMSM motor equations are given by:
Vq   Rs  Lq
V      L
r q
 d 
 r Ld  iq   r  f 


Rs  Ld  id    f 
(1)
where Vd – d-axis voltage; Vq – q-axis voltage; R s – stator resistance; Ld – d-axis selfinductance; Lq – q-axis self-inductance;  r – electrical speed;  f – PM flux linkage or Field
flux linkage;  – derivative operator; id – d-axis current; iq – q-axis current.
Motor torque can be calculated as
Te 

3P
   d iq   q id
2 2 

(2)
where Te – develop torque; P – pole number  d –d axis flux linkage;  q – q axis flux
linkage;
Mechanical torque equation is:
Te  TL  B m  J
d m
dt
(3)
where T L – load torque; B – friction coefficient m –mechanical rotor speed; J – inertia;
Equation to convert currents from rotating to stationary axis are following:
id   sin a 
i   
  Im
 q  cos a 
(4)
where I m – supply current peak value. a angle can be found from:
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Control Strategy of Dual Fed Open-End Winding PMSM Drive with Floating Bridge Capacitor
 iq 
a  Tan 1  
 id 
(5)
Peak current value can be found from:
I m  i d2  i q2
(6)
3. OWPMSM FED BY TWO INVERTERS WITH INDEPENDENT
POWER SOURCES
On Fig.2 OWPMSM topology with two independent sources is presented. Topology consist
of 12 IGBT switches, two equal batteries and PMSM motor.
Idm
PI
Udm
Iqm
PI
Uqm
Ud1
Өe
m2abc
VSC
ABC to
DQ
iabc
OWPMSM
motor
Udc
Udqm to Udq1,
Udq2
Idm
Iqm
Idm
PI
Iqm
Ucap
DQ to
ABC
PDFB
Ud1
Өe
DQ to
ABC
Ucap
VSC
Figure 2. OWPMSM control system
This control topology consists of the following blocks:
Speed, dq current and capacitor voltage PI regulators
Udq1 and Udq2 block estimator
double SVPWM converters
According to [14] control dq voltages for Main and floating bridge can be described by
following equations:
vq1  vq1a  vQcap
(7)
v d1  v d1a  v Dcap
(8)
vq2  vq1  vqm  vQcap
(9)
vd 2  vd1  vdm  v Dcap
Where
v q1, v d1
(10)
- is control voltages for Main bridge inverter;
for Floating bridge inverter;
v q1a, v d1a
v q 2, v d 2
- is control voltages
are active vectors for Main Bridge (unity power factor);
vQcap, v Dcap
are voltage components to control capacitor’s charge level;
vectors after PI regulators. Described above elements can be found by:
v q1a 
vqm, vdm
- voltage
2 PD  i q
3I m
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(11)
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A.S. Lutonin, A.Y. Shklyarskiy, Y.E. Shklyarskiy
v d1a 
2 PD  i d
3I m
(12)
2 PDFB  i q
vQcap 
3I m
v Dcap 
(13)
2 PDFB  i d
3I m
v q1  v q1a  vQcap
(14)
(15)
v d1  v d1a  v Dcap
(16)
v q 2  v q1  v qm  vQcap
(17)
vd 2  vd1  vdm  v Dcap
(18)
PD 

3
v qmi q  v dmi d
2

(19)
Where PD - is power demand for Main bridge inverter; iq, id measured stator currents
after Park transformation; vq1, vd1 are sum vectors for Main Bridge inverter; vq 2, vd 2 are sum
vectors for floating bridge inverter;
According to [11] id ,ref can be described as:
2
i d ,ref  I MAX
 I q2
(20)
Control system aimed to generate unity power factor from Main inverter and fully reactive
power from floating bridge inverter. Vector diagram of this process showed of fig. according
to [12]:
Figure 3. OWPMSM vector diagram
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Control Strategy of Dual Fed Open-End Winding PMSM Drive with Floating Bridge Capacitor
4. SIMULATIONS
Simulations were made by Matlab/Simulink software. There are two main blocks: Controller
algorithm, Motor, and Load. More detailed view of these blocks are on fig 4, fig 5.
Figure 4. System model overview
Figure 5. System model overview
OWPMSM motor was designed by using Simscape language according to (1)-(6)
equations. Other electrical elements are Simscape power system pre-assigned components.
Motor parameters are following [13]:
Table 1. PMSM motor parameters
Machine type
Rated motor voltage
Rated motor current
Rated motor speed
Number of pole pairs
q-axis inductance
d-axis inductance
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SPMSM
310 V
15 A
150 rad/sec
4
0.01557 H
0.01557 H
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A.S. Lutonin, A.Y. Shklyarskiy, Y.E. Shklyarskiy
Machine type
Flux linkage constant
Armature resistance
Moment of Inertia
Friction coefficient
SPMSM
0.2667 Wb
1.1 Ohm
0.005066 kgm^2
0
Simulations were provided in order to compare proposed method with conventional FOC
system. FOC PMSM system contains one DC 310V voltage source. OWPMSM control
system have two different sources: 160V DC voltage source and 5000 nanofarad capacitor.
One can notice, that PMSM with Y connected end windings get stacked on speed approx.
160 rad/sec, while OWPMSM motor has reach controller’s setpoint.
Voltage fluctuations, sags in DC link [14] or nonlinear behavior of VFC load [15] were
not included in simulations
(а)
(b)
Figure 8. Simulation results: (a) – OWPMSM proposed control system; (b) – conventional FOC
PMSM control system
Figure 9. Capacitor voltage level
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Control Strategy of Dual Fed Open-End Winding PMSM Drive with Floating Bridge Capacitor
5. CONCLUSIONS
OWPMSM topology operation mode is following: After capacitor charging, Main bridge
inverter generates only active power for PMSM motor, while floating bridge inverter with
capacitor generates only reactive power. Fig. 9 shows capacitor charging/discharging process.
Simulations result shows proposed controller performance: Ramp level of setpoint was
intentionally set on level, which is much higher than motor’s datasheet speed parameter.
Conventional FOC PMSM drive system reached its nominal value with approximately 160
rad/c speed, while proposed system with OWPMSM, half DC voltage level (160V) on main
bridge and capacitor on floating bridge reached speed about 1.41 times higher than nominal
motor’s value. OWPMSM negative current on start-up time shows charging process of
floating bridge capacitor
Proposed simulation consists only static load on motor shaft. Further researches aimed on
vehicle powertrain mounted studies in order to determine suitability of this system to operate
electric vehicle in wide speed applications.
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