Big Idea
Matter is described by its properties and may
undergo changes
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
Essential Question:
What properties define matter?
P6
What’s the Matter?
What is matter?
• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
space.
• Matter makes up the materials around you.
• Everything is made up of matter.
• Light, sound, and energy are not matter because
they do not have mass or takes up space.
P7
What is mass?
• Mass describes the amount of matter in an object.
• A gram (g) is a common measurement of mass.
• Objects of the same size can be made up of different
amounts of matter.
• Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an
object.
• The greater the mass of an object, the greater the
gravitational force on the object and the greater the
weight will be.
P7
How does mass differ from weight?
• You would weigh less on the moon because gravity on
the moon 1/6 as strong as it is on Earth.
• Mass stays the same for an object even when
increased or decreased gravitational forces change
the weight of the object.
7) Weight is the downward pull of an object due to gravity.
Because gravity on the moon is less than Earth, an astronaut
weighs less on the moon. MASS STAYS THE SAME
Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance
1st – Place the object on the scale.
2nd – Slide the large weight (100g) to the right until the arm drops below
the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it “clicks” into
place.
3rd – Repeat this process with the top weight (10g).
When the arm moves below the line, back it up one
groove.
4th – Slide the small
weight (1g) on the front
beam until the lines
match up.
5th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearest tenth of a
gram.
P8
How are mass and weight measured?
Visualize It #8)
Yes – this is a balance, so both sides need to
balance. It would balance the same way on the
moon or on Earth. MEASURES MASS
• A triple-beam balance can be used to
determine mass. The balance compares
an object’s mass to countermasses.
• Weight is measured with a spring scale.
• The standard scientific unit for weight is
the newton (N).
• A 100-g mass weighs approximately 1 N
on Earth.
Mass vs Weight
3) As mass increases, weight also
increases.
4) The Spring inside the spring scale
P9
Measuring Space
How is the amount of space occupied by
matter measured?
• Volume is the amount of space that an object takes
up, or occupies.
• Two objects may have similar volumes do not always
have the same mass.
Active Reading #9)
Volume measure the amount of
space that an object takes up,
or occupies
P10
How can volume be determined?
• An object’s volume can be determined by a formula if the
object has a well-defined shape.
• For rectangular solids:
• volume equals the object’s length times width times height
V = lwh
• To calculate volume, all measurements must be in the
same units.
Do the Math (p11)
A. What do you know? A.
B. What do you want to
find?
B.
C. Draw and label a
C.
sketch
D. write the formula
E. substitute the given D.
values
E.
F. Solve (multiply)
F.
G. Check your units
G.
Length = 30cm;
Width = 40cm;
height = 200cm
Volume
V=lwh
V = 30cm x 40cm x 200cm
240,000 cm3
The given units are
centimeters, and the measure
found is volume. Therefore, the
units should be cm3
P12
How can volume be determined?
• Liquid volume is measured with a
beaker or graduated cylinder in liters
(L) or milliliters (mL).
• 1 mL = 1 cm3
• Displacement of water in a graduated
cylinder can be used to find the
volume of irregular-shaped solid
objects.
• How many milliliters of fluid does this
object displace?
40 mL
Volume of rock =
5 mL or 5 cm3
180 mL
60 cm3
C
What causes the meniscus?
A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid
attract those of the container. The glass attracts the water on
the sides.
Packing It In!
• Density is a measure of the amount of
mass in a given volume.
• The density of a substance remains the
same no matter how much of the
substance you have.
• Density is mass divided by volume,
D = m/V.
• Common units for expressing density
are grams per cubic centimeter, or
g/cm3.
• Water has a density of 1 g/mL.
• objects with density greater than 1
g/mL sink in water. Objects with density
less than 1 g/mL float in water.
P13
What is
density?
P13
How is density determined?
• Density is mass divided by
volume, or D = m/V.
• Common units for expressing
density are grams per cubic
centimeter, or g/cm3.
•Water has a density of 1
g/mL. Thus, objects with
density greater than 1 g/mL
sink in water. Objects with
density less than 1 g/mL
float in water.
Visual Summary
P16
17)An objects' weight is the amount of space it
occupies.
18)The mass of an object is equal to its weight.
19)The volume of a solid can be expressed in units of
cm3.
20)An object that floats in water is less dense than
water.
First you find mass of the object
Then you find the volume of the object by water
displacement for something that is irregularly shaped.
For a regular shape object multiply lwh
Density is a calculation dividing mass by volume
Eureka! Density
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
Simply
Measure
Volume
Concept
Scratch
Equal
Method
Equivalent
Legend
Discovery
Buoyancy
Total
Iceberg
Based
basis
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Archimedes
2,260 yrs ago
Greece
Both B & C
He put two crowns in water and
saw which one displaced more
water
6) I have found it!
7) Float
8) sink
Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance
1st – Place the object on the scale.
2nd – Slide the large weight (100g) to the right until the arm drops below
the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it “clicks” into
place.
3rd – Repeat this process with the top weight (10g).
When the arm moves below the line, back it up one
groove.
4th – Slide the small
weight (1g) on the front
beam until the lines
match up.
5th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearest tenth of a
gram.