Name _______________________________________________________ Date ________________
Chapter 7 – IP Addressing
Study Guide
Tips for success: While answering the questions read Chapter 8 and review the summary.
All answers should be in RED type
After completion of this chapter, you should be able to:






Describe the purpose of the transport layer in managing the transportation of data in end-toend communication.
Describe characteristics of the TCP and UDP protocols, including port numbers and their uses.
Explain how TCP session establishment and termination processes facilitate reliable
communication.
Explain how TCP protocol data units are transmitted and acknowledged to guarantee delivery.
Explain the UDP client processes to establish communication with a server.
Determine whether high-reliability TCP transmissions, or non-guaranteed UDP transmissions,
are best suited for common applications.
7.1 IPv4 Network Addresses
1. What is Binary Notation?
2. What does positional notation mean?
3. The term radix and base can be used interchangeably. What do they represent?
4. The base 2 numbering system only has two digits. These are:
5. Convert the following binary numbers to decimal.
____________ 10101000
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____________ 01010110
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____________ 10111100
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____________ 01101010
____________ 01001011
____________ 01110001
6. What is the decimal range of each octet tin IPv4?
7. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary.
240 ________________
_____
131 ________________
_____
211 ________________
_____
220 ________________
_____
97 ________________
_____
225 ________________
_____
8. An IP address is a hierarchical address that is made up of two parts. These parts are:
9. How do hosts know which portion of the 32-bits is network and which is host?
10. The prefix length is another way of expressing the subnet mask. Explain how the prefix works.
11. There are three types of addresses within the address range of each IPv4 network. These are:
12. What is the purpose of the host portion of an IPv4 address?
13. What is the purpose of the IPv4 broadcast address?
14. It is common in many addressing schemes to use the first host address for what device or
purpose?
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15. What does the network address in a range of addresses represent?
16. What is ANDing?
17. There are four basic equations to AND numbers. Complete the equations below.
a. 1 AND 1 = ___
b. 0 AND 1 = ___
c. 0 AND 0 = ___
d. 1 AND 0 = ___
18. Use the ANDing process to complete the following chart.
Host Address
Subnet Mask
Host Address in
Binary
Subnet Mask in
Binary
Network Address
in Binary
Network Address
in Decimal
10
255
00001010
138
255
10001010
195
255
11000011
122
128
01111010
11111111
11111111
11111111
10000000
19. Explain static assignment of IP addresses.
20. What types of devices are typically assigned static addresses?
21. Dynamic assignment of IP addresses is done using a protocol known as Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP). What information does DHCP automatically assign to local
hosts?
a.
b.
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c.
22. DHCP is generally the preferred method of assigning IPv4 addresses to hosts on large networks.
Why?
23. IF DHCP is enabled on a computer what command can be used to view the local IP address?
24. In an IPv4 network, the hosts can communicate one of three ways. List and explain each.
a. _________________________ –
b. _________________________ –
c. _________________________ –
25. What is a directed broadcast?
26. What is a limited broadcast?
27. Multicast transmission is designed to conserve the bandwidth of an IPv4 network. How does
this reduce network traffic?
28. IPv4 has a block of addresses reserved for addressing multicast groups. This address range is:
From: _____________________________ To: ___________________________
29. Hosts that receive particular multicast data are called what?
30. What are the three private address ranges available for use?
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31. How are public addresses different from private address?
32. What is the 127.0.0.1 address used to test?
33. How are link-local addresses used?
34. What are TEST-NET addresses?
35. What are experimental addresses reserved for?
36. Explain what each of the three main classes of IPv4 addresses are used for.
Class A –
Class B –
Class C –
37. What is the purpose of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)?
38. What is the purpose of the five RIRs?
39. What is the purpose of an SIP?
40. Describe the purpose of the three ISP tiers.
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a. Tier 1-
b. Tier 2 –
c. Tier 3 –
41. Draw a line through all the private addresses listed below.
10.10.10.5
192.168.1.1
128.16.6.1
178.17.5.2
10.0.0.60
192.0.0.6
172.38.5.6
115.255.255.255
7.2 IPv6 Network Addresses
42. How many IPv6 addresses are avalible?
43. The IETF has created various protocols and tools to help network administrators migrate their
networks to IPv6. The migration techniques can be divided into three categories. List and
explain each.
a. _________________________ –
b. _________________________ –
c. _________________________ –
44. Match the following terms with their appropriate description.
Dual Stack
128-bit address/340 undecillion addresses
IPv4
32-bit address/4.3 billion addresses
Tunneling
Transports an IPv6 packet over IPv4 networks
IPv6
Allows NAT to be used in both IPv6 and IPv4 networks
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Translation
45.
Allows IPv4 and IPv6 to coexist on the same network
How are hexadecimal numbers usually represented in text?
46. When referring to 8 bits of an IPv4 address we use the term octet. In IPv6, a
________________________ is the unofficial term used to refer to a segment of 16 bits or four
hexadecimal values.
47.
What is the first rule to help reduce the notation of IPv6 addresses?
48. Which zeros does this rule not apply to?
49. Rewrite the following address in its shortest form using this rule.
2001:0DB8:0000:1111:0000:0000:0000:0200
50.
What is the second rule to help reduce the notation of IPv6?
51. How many times can this rule be applied to an IPv6 address?
52. What is the common name for this format?
53. Rewrite the following address in its shortest form using this rule.
2001:0DB8:0000:1111:0000:0000:0000:0200
54. Rewrite the following address in its shortest form using both rules.
2001:0DB8:0000:1111:0000:0000:0000:0200
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55. There are three types of IPv6 addresses. List and explain each.
a. _________________________ –
b. _________________________ –
c. _________________________ –
56. Unlike IPv4, IPv6 does not have a broadcast address. How does IPv6 get around this?
57.
The network portion, of an IPv4 address can be identified by a dotted-decimal subnet mask or prefix
length (slash notation). Explain in detail how IPv6 indicates the prefix length or network portion of its
address.
58. What is the prefix range available to IPv6?
59. What is a typical prefix length for IPv6?
60. List and explain in detail the six types of IPv6 unicast addresses.
a. _________________________ –
b. _________________________ –
c. _________________________ –
d. _________________________ –
e. _________________________ –
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f. _________________________ –
61. What can a host communicate with on with a local link address?
62. If a link-local address is not configured manually on an interface, where will the device get one from?
63. What range are IPv6 local addresses in?
64. Match the following terms with their appropriate description.
/64
Link-local
Global unicast
Unspecified
Loopback
Unique, Internet-routable IPv6 address (Dynamic or static)
IPv6 address represented as ::1 (compressed format)
Typical IPv6 prefix used to indicate the network portion of the address
Used to communicate with other devices on the same IPv6 subnet
IPv6 address represented as :: (compressed format) – cannot be assigned
to an interface
65. IPv6 global unicast addresses are globally unique and routable on the IPv6 Internet. These
addresses are equivalent to what addresses?
66. The Internet Committee for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the operator for Internet
Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), allocates IPv6 address blocks to the five RIRs. Which
addresses are currently, are being assigned?
67. What is the percentage of total available IPv6 address space that’s being put out by the ICANN
and IANA?
68. A global unicast address has three parts. List and explain each.
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a. _________________________ –
b. _________________________ –
c. _________________________ –
69. In IPv6, the all-0s address can be assigned to a device because there are no broadcast addresses in
IPv6. What’s the catch?
70. Explain the easy way to read most IPv6 addresses.
71. Most of the IPv4 router configuration and verification commands are the same with one
exception. What is this different?
72. The interface command to configure an IPv4 address on a router is ip address address
subnetmask. What is the command to set up an IPv6 address on a router?
73. Just as with IPv4, configuring static addresses on clients does not scale to larger environments.
What is the recommended method most network administrators use to assign IPv6 addresses?
74. There are two ways in which a device can obtain an IPv6 global unicast address automatically.
These are:
a.
b.
75. Explain what Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) does?
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76. IPv6 routers periodically send out ICMPv6 Router Advertisement (RA) messages to all IPv6enabled devices on the network. By default, how often do Cisco routers send out RA messages?
77. Even though an interface on a Cisco router can be configured with an IPv6 address, this does not
make it an “IPv6 router”. What makes a router an IPv6 router?
a.
b.
c.
78. IPv6 routing is not enabled on routers by default. To enable a router as an IPv6 router what
command must be used?
79. The ICMPv6 RA message contains the prefix, prefix length, and other information for the IPv6
device. The RA message also informs the IPv6 device how to obtain its addressing information.
The RA message can contain one of the following three options. Explain each.
Option 1 - SLAAC Only –
Option 2 – SLAAC and DHCPv6 –
Option 3 – DHCPv6 only –
80.
Can a device obtain its IPv6 global unicast address dynamically and also be configured with multiple
static IPv6 addresses on the same interface?
81. Explain the IEEE modified EUI-64 process.
82. An EUI-64 Interface ID is represented in binary and is made up of three parts. Explain each.
a.
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b.
c.
83. What is the advantage of EUI-64?
84. Windows XP and previous Windows operating systems used EUI-64. Explain how newer
versions of Windows generate interface ID’s?
85.
What is an easy way to identify that an address was more than likely created using EUI-64?
86. IPv6 link-local addresses are used for a variety of purposes including:
a.
b.
c.
87. What is the IPv6 version of the show ip interface brief command?
88. When you run the IPv6 version of the show ip interface brief command each interface has two
IPv6 addresses. Explain what these IPv6 addresses are.
a.
b.
89. What is the ipv6 route command used for?
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90. There are two types of IPv6 multicast addresses:
a.
b.
91. A solicited-node multicast address consists of two parts. Explain both.
a.
b.
92. ICMP messages common to both ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 include:
a.
b.
c.
d.
7.3 Connectivity Verification
93. ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol includes two message types, these are:
a.
b.
94. IPv4 Time-to-Live (TTL) has been replaced with _________________________________ in IPv6.
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