CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING CHE 201B: GENERAL CHEMISTRY Spring-Term 2018-2019 INSTRUCTOR Diana Nabhan, Ph.D. LECTURE HOURS T-TH 4:00 pm - 5:15 pm Room: 302, Block B OFFICE HOURS T 3:00 pm - 4:00 pm Otherwise by appointment Room: Instructor’s Lounge COURSE OBJECTIVES This course deals with general chemical principles. The goal of this course is to provide knowledge on the basics of atomic structure, chemical bonds, chemical reactions, gases, solutions, reaction equilibria, with emphasis on the practical aspects of chemistry in numerous health-related situations. COURSE PREREQUISITES ENG 001: INTENSIVE ENGLISH II PREREQUISITES BY TOPICS The student should have some competencies in basic physics and mathematics upon which CHE 201B will be built. COURSE CREDITS 3 Credit Hours INSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE Lectures will be used predominantly. These will be supported by problem sets and problem solving sessions. REQUIRED TEXTS Stoker H.S. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry. Sixth Edition. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2012. REFERENCES Ebbing D.D. and Gammon S.D. General Chemistry. Ninth Edition. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2009. OTHER REQUIREMENTS A scientific calculator - an inexpensive one will do. Straight-edge ruler. Engineering paper - A4 Notepad. -1- CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) Access to the internet. GRADE DISTRIBUTION This course involves a number of didactic activities, ranging from lectures, problem sets, problem solving sessions, to quizzes, exams, and final exam. All of these attributes of the course are intended to help the student in developing his/her understanding of the material covered in CHE 201B and in providing the department and the course instructor with information on how the student is doing. Consequently, all of these activities are considered to be vital and will be taken into consideration while assigning grades at the end of the term. When the student is being assigned a course grade, it is imperative that this grade accurately reflects the student’s level of achievement and his/her mastery of the material covered in CHE 201B. A breakdown of the weighting that will be used in making this assessment is as follows: Class Attendance Quizzes Problem Sets Class Exams Exam No. 1 Exam No. 2 Exam No. 3 Final Exam ATT 5% QZS 5% HWK 15% EX1 EX2 EX3 FIN 20% 20% 20% 35% Note: Two out of the three exams will be counted towards the final course grade based on the highest grades attained. No make-up exams are allowed. Late assignments will be dealt with according to the distributed course rules and regulations, which are governed by the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Under severe conditions, only the Final Exam is allowed to be petitioned; however, students have to realize that in the event that a make-up Final Exam is granted, it would be unjust that the grantee becomes privileged over his/her fellow colleagues in terms of extra-time to prepare for the exam and in developing an idea about the contents of the exam. Accordingly, the make-up Final Exam will carry an increased level of difficulty of at least 20% from the regular exam. COURSE COMPETENCIES This course contributes primarily to the students' knowledge of General Chemistry and prepares the Biomedical Engineering student for advanced topics in Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Biomaterials. At the end of the course, the student should be able to perform the following tasks: 1. 2. 3. 4. Demonstrate an understanding of what exactly is chemistry about. Know the common terminology associated with the field of chemistry. Demonstrate an understanding of measurements in chemistry. Understand the fundamental types of subatomic particles, how they arrange themselves within an atom, and the relationship between an atom’s subatomic makeup and its chemical identity. 5. Understand why atoms tend to join together in larger units and comprehend the binding forces (chemical bonds) that hold them together – The Ionic and Covalent Bond Models. 6. Demonstrate an understanding of how to represent chemical reactions by using chemical equations and how to derive quantitative relationships from these chemical equations. -2- CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) 7. Understand the properties exhibited by matter in the various physical states - solid, liquid, and gas - and the correlation of these properties with molecular behavior. 8. Demonstrate an understanding of solutions and their characteristic properties. 9. Understand the chemical changes that occur when various types of matter interact, the various types of chemical reactions, chemical reaction rates, and chemical equilibrium. 10. Develop an understanding of acids, bases, and salts and their role in biochemical systems and the chemical industry. 11. Develop an understanding of nuclear reactions and the associated terms: radioactivity, nuclear power plants, nuclear weapons, and nuclear medicine. ATTENDANCE For legitimate reasons only, a student is allowed to absent him/herself for a maximum of 6 contact hours 1 from the course lectures and the tutorial and laboratory sessions. However, any absence of more than two sessions will be counted toward the 5% evaluation of the course grade. Absences beyond the specified maximum limit will result in an automatic AW in the course and possibly other disciplinary measures. An unexcused absence from an unannounced quiz will result in a zero on that quiz. Should the student be absent from a lecture during which a problem set is due, it is the duty of the student to make certain that the homework assignment is handed in on time. Failure to do so will incur a penalty on that assignment’s grade. ACADEMIC INTEGRITY The student should get familiar with the Course Rules and Regulations of the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Mechatronics Engineering (MTE) and Computer and Communications Engineering (CCE) at AUST. These are compiled and distributed to the student at the beginning of every academic term. In particular, the student should be aware that plagiarism, abuse of laboratory facilities, and other sorts of academic dishonesty are not tolerated and can result in unsympathetic penalties. The Departments of BME, MTE and CCE fully acknowledge the potential significance of students studying together. In this sense, the BME, MTE and CCE Departments do not have any reservation to this kind of collaboration, as long as all contestants are involved in all facets of the work, and not with each individual contributing to a fraction of the assignment. Specifically, when a student submits an assignment with his/her name on it, the BME , MTE and CCE Departments take it for granted that the details presented in the assignment are entirely the student’s own work, and that this student has substantially participated in the creation of this work. If a portion of the work has been conceived by collaborative work, that section should be highlighted and the names of the students involved in this collaboration should be listed next to that section. PROBLEM SETS For most part of the course, problem sets will be assigned on a weekly basis. A detailed description of the problem set assignment timetable is compiled at the end of this handout. All problem sets are graded on a five-point scale, from 0 to 4. The following table delineates the effort required to achieve each of these grade points. Grade 0 1 Description The student fails to turn in the homework assignment A contact hour is equivalent to 75 minutes. -3- CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry 1 2 Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) The student turns in the homework assignment, but basically, did nothing worthwhile. The student turns in the homework assignment, however most of the problems are either incomplete or non-understandable. The student completes most or all of the problems in the assignment; however, the student still has some evident mistakes in the worked solution. The student completes all of the problems in the assignment, with perhaps little insignificant mistakes; however in general, the student demonstrates a solid understanding of the material. 3 4 Graded assignments will be returned to the students after two lectures from the onset of their submission. COURSE OUTLINE BY TOPIC The day-to-day topics to be covered in the table below may be adjusted as the subject proceeds, but all examination dates are fixed, and problem set due dates are unlikely to change. Syllabus Basic Concepts About Matter (3 Lectures) - Week No. 1 1-2 Physical States of Matter Properties of Matter Changes in Matter Pure Substances and Mixtures Elements and Compounds Discovery and Abundance of the Elements Names and Chemical Symbols of the Elements Atoms and Molecules Chemical Formulas Measurements in Chemistry (2 Lectures) Measurement Systems Metric System Units Exact and Inexact Numbers Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures Significant Figures and Mathematical Operations Scientific Notation Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis Density Temperature Scales 2-3 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table (2 Lectures) Internal Structure of an Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes and Atomic Masses The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table Metals and Nonmetals Electron Arrangements within Atoms Electron Configurations and Orbital Diagrams The Electronic Basis for the Periodic Law and the Periodic Table Classification of the Elements 3-4 EXAM No. 1: Tuesday, March 12, 2019 Chemical Bonding: The Ionic Bond Model (2 Lectures) Chemical Bonds Valence Electrons and Lewis Symbols The Octet Rule The Ionic Bond Model -4- 4-5 CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry - Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) The Sign and Magnitude of Ionic Charge Ionic Compound Formation Chemical Formulas for Ionic Compounds The Structure of Ionic Compounds Recognizing and Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Polyatomic Ions Chemical Formulas and Names for Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions Chemical Bonding: The Covalent Bond Model (3 Lectures) The Covalent Bond Model Lewis Structures for Molecular Compounds Single, Double, and Triple Covalent Bonds Valence Electrons and Number of Covalent Bonds Formed Coordinate Covalent Bonds Systematic Procedures for Drawing Lewis Structures Bonding in Compounds with Polyatomic Ions Present Molecular Geometry Electronegativity Bond Polarity Molecular Polarity Naming Binary Molecular Compounds 6-7 Chemical Calculations: Formula Masses, Moles (2 Lectures) and Chemical Equations Formula Masses The Mole: A Counting Unit for Chemists The Mass of a Mole Chemical Formulas and the Mole Concept The Mole and Chemical Calculations Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations Chemical Equations and the Mole Concept Chemical Calculations Using Chemical Equations 7-8 EXAM No.2: Thursday, April 11, 2019 Gases, Liquids, and Solids (3 Lectures) The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter Kinetic Molecular Theory and Physical States Gas Law Variables Boyle’s Law: A Pressure-Volume Relationship Charles’s Law: A Temperature-Volume Relationship The Combined Gas Law The Ideal Gas Law Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures Changes of State Evaporation of Liquids Vapor Pressure of Liquids Boiling and Boiling Point Intermolecular Forces in Liquids Solutions (2 Lectures) Characteristics of Solutions Solubility Solution Formation Solubility Rules Solution Concentration Units Dilution Colloidal Dispersions Colligative Properties of Solutions Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure 9-10 10-11 -5- CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) EXAM No. 3: Thursday, May 2, 2019 Chemical Reactions (2 Lectures) Types of Chemical Reactions Redox and Nonredox Reactions Terminology Associated with Redox Processes Collision Theory and Chemical Reactions Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions Factors that Influence Reaction Rates Chemical Equilibrium Equilibrium Constants Altering Equilibrium Conditions: Le Châtelier’s Principle 12-13 Acids, Bases, and Salts (3 Lectures) Arrhenius Acid-Base Theory Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory Mono-, Di-, and Triprotic Acids Strengths of Acids and Bases Ionization Constants for Acids and Bases Salts Acid-Base Neutralization Reactions Self Ionization of Water The pH Concept The pKa Method for Expressing Acid Strength The pH of Aqueous Salt Solutions Buffers The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Electrolytes Acid-Base Titrations 13-14 Nuclear Chemistry (3 Lectures) Stable and Unstable Nuclides The Nature of Radioactivity Radioactive Decay Rate of Radioactive Decay Transmutation and Bombardment Reactions Radioactive Decay Series Chemical Effects of Radiation Biochemical Effects of Radiation Detection of Radiation Sources of Radiation Exposure Nuclear Medicine Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion Nuclear and Chemical Reactions Compared 15-16 READING PERIOD 16 FINAL EXAM WEEK 17-18 Th 30/05/2019 F 31/05/2019 S 01/06/2019 F 14/06/2019 DEVIATIONS: Minor deviations from the syllabus are a normal part of any adaptive teaching and learning process DISCLAIMER: Changes may be performed to the above syllabus without any prior notification. Copyright ©2006-2019 American University of Science & Technology - Faculty of Engineering - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, Department of Mechatronics Engineering. All rights reserved. -6- CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) PROBLEM SETS The student is responsible for submitting the assignment dues on the indicated dates and at the beginning of the lecture. The student is as well responsible to preserve this piece of document till the end of the term. The solution to each problem set will be available in the afternoon following the submission of the assignment on the online system. READ CAREFULLY: Assignments should be made on A4 Note Pad Papers with a grid of 5 mm x 5 mm squares. In every assignment, the student’s name, the course code and title, the assignment number, and the date should be marked at the top of the first page; the problem number should be clearly marked on the left hand side margin; and the question should be reiterated at the beginning followed by a comprehensive solution. Complete sentences should be used throughout in narrative questions. A ruler should be used wherever appropriate. Except for drawings, the assignment should be written in blue ball-point ink. BE AS TIDY AS POSSIBLE! Assignment No. 1: 1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 1.9, 1.11, 1.15, 1.19, 1.24, 1.25, 1.28, 1.29, 1.31, 1.33, 1.40, 1.43, 1.54, 1.55, 1.64, 1.65. (Due on Tuesday February 26, 2019). Assignment No. 2: 2.5, 2.8, 2.10, 2.12, 2.14, 2.16, 2.32, 2.34, 2.36, 2.38, 2.42, 2.48, 2.50, 2.51, 2.56, 2.62, 2.69(a,b), 2.71(a,b), 2.74, 2.78(a,b) , 2.80, 2.82, 2.85, 2.95, 2.98, 2.110. (Due on Tuesday March 5, 2019). Assignment No. 3: 3.3, 3.5, 3.7, 3.12, 3.17, 3.25, 3.27, 3.29, 3.33, 3.41, 3.43, 3.45, 3.48, 3.50, 3.51, 3.57, 3.60, 3.61, 3.70, 3.74, 3.75, 3.79, 3.82, 3.100. (Due on Thursday March 07, 2019). Exam No. 1: Tuesday March 12, 2019. Assignment No. 4: 4.5(a,b), 4.7(a,b), 4.13, 4.15, 4.23(a,b), 4.25(a,b), 4.27(a,b), 4.39(a,b), 4.41(a,b), 4.43(a,b), 4.47(a,b), 4.49, 4.53, 4.55(a,b), 4.59,(a,d) 4.61(a,c), 4.79, 4.83, 4.85, 4.87, 4.89(a,b), 4.93, 4.95, 4.101, 4.103, 4.107(a,b), 4.113(a,b), 4.115(a,b), 4.117(a,b). (Due on Tuesday March 19, 2019). Assignment No. 5: 5.8, 5.14, 5.16, 5.20, 5.22, 5.26, 5.28, 5.30, 5.32, 5.38, 5.40, 5.48, 5.50, 5.52, 5.54, 5.56, 5.62, 5.66, 5.68, 5.70, 5.78, 5.80, 5.82, 5.89, 5.94. (Due on Tuesday April 02, 2019). Assignment No. 6: 6.1, 6.5, 6.7(a,b), 6.9, 6.11, 6.13(a,b), 6.15(a,b), 6.21(a,b), 6.23(a,b), 6.25(a,b), 6.29(a,b), 6.31(a,b), 6.35, 6.37, 6.43, 6.45(a,b), 6.47, 6.49(a,b), 6.51, 6.59, 6.61(a,b), 6.75, 6.77, 6.79. (Due on Tuesday April 09, 2019). Exam No.2: Thursday April 11, 2019 Assignment No. 7: 7.16, 7.18, 7.20, 7.26, 7.28, 7.32, 7.34, 7.46, 7.48, 7.50, 7.58, 7.60, 7.62, 7.66, 7.68, 7.94, 7.96, 7.100, 7.102. (Due on Tuesday April 16, 2019). Assignment No. 8: 8.1, 8.3, 8.5, 8.9, 8.11, 8.15, 8.17, 8.19, 8.23, 8.25, 8.33(a,b), 8.35(a,b), 8.37, 8.39, 8.41, 8.43, 8.45(a,b), 8.47, 8.49, 8.53, 8.55(a,b), 8.65 (a,b), 8.67 (a,b), 8.69 (a,b), 8.77, 8.81, 8.83, 8.95, 8.99, 8.103. (Due on Tuesday April 25, 2019). Exam No. 3: Thursday May 2, 2019. Assignment No. 9: 9.4, 9.8, 9.12, 9.14, 9.16, 9.18, 9.28, 9.24, 9.26, 9.40, 9.42, 9.44, 9.48, 9.50, 9.54, 9.60, 9.68, 9.70, 9.72, 9.74, 9.84, 9.86, 9.88. (Due on Tuesday May 14, 2019). -7- CHE 201B – Section A: General Chemistry Dr. Diana Nabhan (Zahle) Assignment No. 10: 10.4, 10.6, 10.8, 10.10, 10.12, 10.14, 10.16, 10.18, 10.20, 10.22, 10.24, 10.26, 10.34 10.36, 10.38, 10.40, 10.42, 10.44, 10.46, 10.48, 10.50, 10.52, 10.54, 10.56, 10.58, 10.62, 10.64, 10.68, 10.72, 10.82, and 10.84. (Due on Tuesday May 23, 2019). Assignment No. 11: 11.2, 11.4, 11.6, 11.8, 11.10, 11.12, 11.14, 11.16, 11.20, 11.22, 11.26, 11.28, 11.34, 11.36, 11.38, 11.40, 11.42, 11.44, 11.46, 11.48, 11.50, 11.54, and 11.56. (This assignment will not be collected; however, the material covered in it will be included in the Final Exam) Final Exam: From Monday June 03, 2019 till Friday June 14, 2019. -8-