Poetry Poetry is concentrated thought which focuses our attention simultaneously on the combination of rhythm and image to express its meaning Where Were You Yesterday? Prose Yesterday it rained, and I stood out in it hoping by chance that you’d just happen to come outside. But I knew that if you did come out, we’d never be like we were before. Maybe it’s a good thing you didn’t come out. Besides who comes out in the rain anymore just to talk? Where Were You Yesterday? Poetry Yesterday it rained and I stood out in it hoping by chance that you’d just happen to come outside. But I knew that if you did come out, we’d never be like we were before. Maybe it’s a good thing you didn’t come out. Besides who comes out in the rain anymore just to talk? Prose No rhyme No pattern/rhythm No line division Can use images Can target emotions Divisions are paragraphs Vs. Poetry Rhymed/Unrhymed Follows a beat/has rhythm Line division Uses images to focus on a particular idea Targets emotions through use of images Divisions are stanzas Poetry Vocabulary Prose-Opposite of poetry, paragraph form Formula poetry -Poems that must follow certain guidelines (and, most of the time, a certain rhyme scheme) to be classified as a particular kind of poem Cinquain-Five line poem in which each line requires a certain number of syllables (1st line2, 2nd line-4, 3rd line-6, 4th line-8, 5th line-2) Limerick-Funny poem with rhyme scheme of aabba Haiku-Japanese nature poem of three unrhymed lines (syllables in lines-1-5, 2-7, 3-5) Poetry Vocabulary Rhyme Scheme-Pattern made by how poem rhymes at the end of a line-letters assigned to lines according to end rhyme Alliteration-Repetition of the same sounds at the beginning of words in a poem (ex. My mom made my Monday more magnificent.) Onomatopoeia-Words that imitate sounds (ex. pow, bang, pop) Enjambment-Continuation of a complete thought/idea from one line to the next Couplet-Pair of lines that are the same length and usually rhyme Quatrain-Stanza/poem of four lines Poetry Vocabulary Consonance-Repetition of consonants in a line-not at the beginning (ex. Sue was passing Art class.) Assonance-Repetition of the same sounds in a line (ex. Saul was filled with awe over Mardi Gras.) End Rhyme-How poem rhymes at the ends of lines Stanza-Lines of poetry that form a division in the poem Stress-Syllables stand out because they have a different pitch or are louder than other syllables Accent-Emphasis given to a syllable or word shown by a small mark above stressed syllable Poetry Vocabulary Meter-Arrangement of a line of poetry by the rhythm of stressed and unstressed syllables Idiom-Words are not meant to be taken word for word (ex. You are pulling my leg.) Literal -Words are meant to be taken word for word Tone-Emotion or feelings author felt or wants audience to feel while reading poem (aka mood) Figurative Language -Expressions used to create memorable poems (ex. idioms, alliteration, onomatopoeia) Poetry Folder During the next week and a half, we will be working through a unit on poetry. You will be required to keep a folder with all of your poetry work in it. This folder will be worth 100 points. The poems in this folder will be a compilation of (mostly) original poems you create based on all slides in this powerpoint presentation Your folder will contain 14 poems. Nothing else should be in your folder except these poems. All worksheets should be turned in separately. Number each poem according to the list that follows. Poetry Folder Requirements “I am” poem, folder decorated to express self as revealed in poem (5-7 lines)-see slide #14 An original “I can’t write a poem” poem, excuse/lie poem, or an Irritating Sayings poem (10-15 lines)see slides #15-19 Poem with rhyme scheme identified at end of each line (10-15 lines)-see slides #20-22 Poem with effective imagery divided into stanzas (10-15 lines)-see practice on slides #23-26 Extended Simile/Metaphor Poem or Line-by-line Simile/Metaphor Poem (8-10 lines)-see slides #2731 Poetry Folder Requirements (cont’d) Cinquain-must display tone and mood effectively (5 lines)-see slides #32-37 Limerick-must use alliteration-underline alliterated letters (5 lines)-see slides #38-39 Poem that uses onomatopoeia and enjambment-underline onomatopoeia (8-10 lines)-see slides #40-41 Poem that uses assonance at least once and consonance at least once-underlines the assonance and consonance (5-8 lines)-see Poetry Folder Requirements (cont’d) Concrete poem-see slides #46-47 2 poems of your choice-may be a clerihew, haiku— see slides # 48-49 OR you may write another limerick, cinquain, double cinquain, sensory poem, concrete poem, simile/metaphor poem, or a poem that you freestyle (may be rhymed or unrhymed)-line minimum depends on type of poem you choose 2 poems written by someone other than you that you enjoy. You need to include the poem, the author, and why you chose to include these poems in your collection. “I Am” Poem I am (Two special characteristics the person or thing has) I wonder (something the person or thing could actually be curious about) I hear I see I want I am (an imaginary or actual sound) (an imaginary or actual sight) (a desire) (the first line of the poem is repeated) I pretend (something the person or thing could actually pretend to do) I feel (a feeling about the imaginary) I touch (an imaginary touch) I worry (something that could really bother the person or thing) I cry (something that could make the person or thing sad) I am (the first line of the poem is repeated) I understand (something the person or thing knows to be true) I say (something the person or thing believes in) I dream (something the person or thing could actually dream about) I try (something the person or thing could make an effort to do) I hope I am (something the person or thing could hope for) (the first line of the poem repeated) “I Can’t Write a Poem” poem Forget it. You must be kidding. I’m still half asleep. My eyes keep closing. My brain isn’t working. I don’t have a pencil. I don’t have any paper. My desk is wobbly. I don’t know what to write about. And besides, I don’t even know how to write a poem. I’ve got a headache. I need to see the nurse. Time’s up? Uh oh! All I have is this dumb list of excuses. You like it? Really? No kidding. Thanks a lot. Would you like to see another one. -Bruce Lansky Kidnapped By Shel Silverstein This morning I got kidnapped By three masked men. They stopped me on the sidewalk, And offered me some candy, And when I wouldn’t take it They grabbed me by the collar, And pinned my arms behind me, And shoved me in the backseat Of this big black limousine and Tied my hands behind my back With sharp and rusty wire. Then they put a blindfold on my So I couldn’t see where they took me, And plugged up my ears with cotton So I couldn’t hear their voices. Kidnapped By Shel Silverstein (cont’d) And drove for 20 miles or At least for 20 minutes, and then Dragged me from the car down to Some cold and moldy basement, Where they stuck me in a corner And went off to get the ransom Leaving one of them to guard me With a shotgun pointed at me, Tied up sitting on a stool… That’s why I’m late for school! Irritating Sayings Isn’t it about time you thought about bed? It must be somewhere You speak to him Harold, he won’t listen to me. Who do you think I am? You’d better ask your father It’s late enough as it is Don’t eat with your mouth open. In this day and age Did anybody ask your opinion I remember when I was a boy And after all we do for you You’re not talking to your school friends now, you know Why don’t you do it the proper way I’m only trying to tell you What did I just say? Now, wrap up warm Irritating Sayings (cont’d) B-E-D spells bed Sit up straight and don’t gobble your food For the five hundredth time Don’t let me ever see you do that again Have you made your bed? Can’t you look further than your nose? No more lip Have you done your homework? Because I say so Don’t come those fancy ways here Any more and you’ll be in bed My, haven’t you grown Some day I won’t be here, then you’ll see A chair’s for sitting on You shouldn’t need telling at your age Want, want, want, that’s all you ever say Rhyme Scheme Pattern of rhyme in a stanza or poem. You can identify the rhyme scheme in stanzas by looking at the last word in the line and assigning letters to the rhyming words Example: Like the sun behind the clouds A Like the darkness of the night B Like the grass beneath the trees C You stepped into the light… B Rhyme Scheme Practice 1. I knew I’d have to grow up sometime, That my childhood memories would end, But a spark within me died, When I lost my imaginary friend. ______ ______ ______ ______ 2. As the sun set and the moon came, I looked out the window in dread and shame. The sound of birds rose from the sky, I waved my hand and bid goodbye. ______ ______ ______ ______ Rhyme Scheme Practice 3. When I look into his eyes, I see the deep blue sea. I hope my love never dies, That he’ll always be there for me. ______ ______ ______ ______ 4. And here ends the saga Of writers who have grown. We’re successful authors, Now we will be unknown. ______ ______ ______ ______ Painting Word Pictures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Frost on the window Jet Kite Skyscraper Small child A. B. C. D. E. Towering giant hovering above its subjects Fragile plant sprouting from the earth seeking attention A lace curtain made of silver thread Howling monster ripping apart everything in his way Swirly lines of whipped cream Write Small/Focused Big/unfocused image Birthday parties are fun. School dances are strange. The holocaust was inhuman. Small/focused image Licking the pink frosting off the ends of the candles Strobe lights flickering over laughing faces as the beat pounds on A mountain of children’s shoes Now, you turn these big images into small images. His car was a mess. The food did not look good. The dog was mean. Her shoes did not fit. Image Practice Directions: Read each sentence. Write your response for each question by giving as many descriptions as possible. 1. How would you describe how you feel when you are angry? 2. Describe how you feel after winning a game. 3. Describe the odor of rotting garbage. 4. Describe the scent left after a rainfall. 5. Describe the feeling of walking on hot sand on the beach. Simile Poem Prejudice by Kimberly Harmon Prejudice is like the feeling you get When you’re left out of a game It is like the music of A seashell: hollow and distant It’s when you never reach the front door; Always being turned away at the first step. Metaphor Line-by-Line Poem The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes (excerpt) The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, The road was a ribbon of moonlight over the purple moor, And the highwayman came ridingRiding-ridingThe highwayman came riding, up to the old inn door. Simile Line-by-Line Example Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up Like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a soreAnd then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar overLike a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? Metaphor Poems Line-by-Line Metaphor Hate is a sore, festering and bubbling on the heart Hate is a single-leafed tree, its owner weak and alone Hate is a wilted rose, time has worn it from beauty to wretchedness Hate is a zit, ready to burst Hate is the Hulk, small when calm, huge and fierce when agitated Hate is a snake, it swallows its enemies whole Hate is a birthday party, it can take you by surprise Hate is a tree, it stands the test of time Hate is a rubber band, it will snap when pulled too hard Hate is a deadly disease, something you don’t want to catch Metaphor Poems Extended Metaphor (also called a Conceit) Hate is a zit Earned by debris, dirt, oil, grime Kicked into a face By a filthy world It begins beneath the surface Then pokes out its disgusting head Makes the face turn red And grows and grows Until finally It explodes Cinquain Poem A five-line poem with a set number of syllables for each line. Each line adds an additional image to the subject of the poem Formula poem Cinquain Formula Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 Line 5 2 syllables 4 syllables 6 syllables 8 syllables 2 syllables Subject Description of subject Describes an action Expresses a feeling Another word for subject Example Summer Fruits, ice cream, fun Swimming, playing, laughing No homework, only sun, I smile Three months Mood/Voice Request to a Minstrel by Andrea Cox Sing unto me a song of seasons Of death, rebirth, and happiness. Sing unto me a song of reasons Staid thoughts and deepest contemplations. Sing unto me a song of sorrows Quiet longing and dark despair. Then, sing unto me a song of tomorrows Of joy and laughter Tarry longest there. Mood/Voice Like, Am I Noticed, by Mike Gelanger I kind of got my hands on One of those slick Leather jackets And a mean sort of Cool brown hat I was just Kind of Walking down the street Sort of Minding my business I felt like You know, this… Urge to be noticed, Kind of Mood/Voice Like, Am I Noticed, by Mike Gelanger I sort of casually walked Down the street You know To the corner This group of Like Kind of like cool kids were Sort of there I like slipped by in Kind of like a Cool manner I sort of wondered Like Mood/Voice Like, Am I Noticed, by Mike Gelanger I kind of turned around Only to find them like Laughing at me I was Sort of like Really embarrassed kind of I kind of, like You know Went home *What is the overall mood of this poem? *Use text to support your selection of mood. Limerick Formula Poem Humorous 5 lines total Rhyme Scheme AABBA Beats-Lines 1, 2, 5 have 3 beats Lines 3-4 have 2 beats First line usually has the name of a place (often a fictional name made up to rhyme with the rest of the poem) Alliteration Cafeteria Chaos The line lingers, My stomach growls. Tina topples her tray, And the whole place howls! Spinach spills! Pass the paper towels! Someone pings a pea, And the fifth grade teacher frowns! What’s likely at lunch? Everyone chomps and chows down! Onomatopoeia Poem What Some People Do Jibber, jabber, gabble, babble Cackle, clack, and prate, Twiddle, twaddle, mutter, stutter Utter, splutter, blate… Chatter, patter, tattle, prattle, Chew the rag and crack, Spiel and spout and spit it out, Tell the world and quack… Sniffle, snuffle, drawl and bawl, Snicker, snort, and snap, Bark and buzz and yap and yelp, Chin and chip and chat… Onomatopoeia Poem What Some People Do (cont’d) Shout and shoot and gargle, gasp, Gab and gag and groan, Hem and haw and work the jaw, Grumble, mumble, moan… Beef and bellyache and bat, Say a mouthful, squawk, That is what some people do When they merely talk. Consonance and Assonance Consonance-Repetition of consonants in a line-not at the beginning (ex. Sue was passing Art class.) Assonance-Repetition of the same sounds in a line (ex. Saul was filled with awe over Mardi Gras.) Consonance Practice Example: The sun goes down Example: Sound beside the wood Practice: For each example, underline the letters that create consonance: could be profound Mine with inner sanctum Looking for a sunset bird in winter Died of col Thought…alight, sweet, and swift Slope where the cattle keep Vantage point Assonance Examples Writers sometimes repeat vowel sounds to reinforce the meaning of the words. It also helps to create moods. Here, the long o sounds mysterious. Poetry is old, ancient, goes back far. It is among the oldest of living things. So old it is that no man knows how and why the first poems came. --Carl Sandburg, Early Moon And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side Of my darling, my darling, my life and my bride. --Edgar Allan Poe, "Annabel Lee" Assonance Practice Find the examples of assonance in the following selections. Underline the letters that create the assonance (as done in previous slide’s examples). Write a sentence that explains the effect/purpose of the assonance for each (mood it creates) Slow things are beautiful: The closing of the day, The pause of the wave That curves downward to spray. --Elizabeth Coatsworth, "Swift Things are Beautiful" Night came on, and a full moon rose high over the trees into the sky, lighting the land till it lay bathed in ghostly day. --Jack London, The Call of the Wild Concrete Poetry A concrete poem is a poem based on the spacing of words. The pattern of the letters illustrate the meaning of the poem. It does not have to rhyme and can be of any length. For example: -Minus -Minu -Min -Mi -M - Concrete Poem Examples Clerihew Poem Type of formula poem Clerihew Example Clerihews have just a few simple rules: 1. They are four lines long. 2. The first and second lines rhyme with each other, and the third and fourth lines rhyme with each other. In other words, they have a rhyme scheme of aabb 3. The first line names a person, and the second line ends with something that rhymes with the name of the person. 4. A clerihew should be funny. That's it! You don&'t have to worry about counting syllables or words, and you don’t even have to worry about the rhythm of the poem. Our art teacher, Mr. Shaw, Really knows how to draw. Notice that the first line ends with the name of the person the clerihew is about, Mr. Shaw. The second line ends with "draw" because it rhymes with "Shaw." To finish the clerihew, you need to write two more rhyming lines. In a well-written clerihew, those next two lines will make the poem funny, like this: Our art teacher, Mr. Shaw, Really knows how to draw. But his awful paintings Have caused many faintings. Haiku Type of formula poem Japanese poem Often about nature Follows the following format: 3 lines Syllables: Line 1=5 syllables Line 2=7 syllables Line 3=5 syllables Haiku Examples As the wind does blow Across the trees, I see the Buds blooming in May I walk across sand And find myself blistering In the hot, hot heat Falling to the ground, I watch a leaf settle down In a bed of brown.