International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2019, pp.327–341, Article ID: IJCIET_10_01_031
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
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FINANCIAL LITERACY LEAD TO
EMPOWERING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC
CONDITION OF TRIBALS THROUGH
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Dr. Sasmita Samanta
Professor, KIIT deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Ajaya Kumar Nanda
KISS Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
ABSTRACT
The present paper makes an attempt to study the Financial Literacy lead to
Empowering the Socio-economic condition of Tribals through informationa
technology and its impact on the day to day life of the rural people. For this purpose
the questionnaire is developed and distributed . In our study we found that the
Information Technology ( IT) have made significant contribution in the life of the
tribal people in some areas and still long way to go . It changed the life style of the
people and a the rural people able to find new markets for their products .
Keywords: Financial Literacy, Iinformation Technology, Perception And Tribal Area,
Socio-Economic Conditions.
Cite this Article: Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda, Financial Literacy
Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through Information
Technology, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 10
(1), 2019, pp. 327–341.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1
AN OVERVIEW
Tribal population is largely spread over various parts of Odisha and they have their own
distinctive characteristics which make them unique. The Census Report 2011, highlighted that
the state has a total population of 41,947,218. Out of that a significant share (22.1%) goes to
tribal population of 81,45,081. In fact, most of the tribal communities are affected by the
developmental projects undertaken by various agencies. Thus, they have become the most
vulnerable section of the society. They are also exploited by the age old social and cultural
norms and with the help of various developmental issues. Most of the developmental benefits
have not accrued to them. They are different in terms of way they speak, the way they live
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Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda
their lives, in terms of their cultural milieu and various other habits. Geographical habitation
of the tribals is also another sphere which often keeps them detached from the mainstream
society. The massive dominated of the Scheduled Tribe (ST) population is located at southern
as well as western part of the state such as, Koraput, Malkangiri, Nabarangapur, Rayagada,
Balangir, Subarnapur, Kalahandi and Nuapada. Originally these 8 districts are undivided
Koraput, Balangir and Kalahandi which are popularly known as KBK districts have huge
concentration of ST population. The socio economic conditions of such segments are
remaining unchanged due to lack of financial literacy. The theoretical explorations of many
researchers have emphasized glaring impact and significance of financial literacy for the
development of socio-economic growth of tribal society. According to Mutatkar (2005),
inequality of income is one of the key issues of the poverty elevation. Some other studies
reported that social exclusion may be less stigmatizing than poverty and therefore more
acceptable to public opinion (Estivill,2003; Fischer, 2008).The study conducted by Erigala
(2012), reported that scheduled tribes population of the country have suffered exclusion,
isolation and under development due to their being ethnically different from main stream
Indian society. According to Papola (2012) source of income and livelihoods are the
important ingredients of poverty alleviation. Therefore, financial literacy program plays the
most significant role to change their financial behavior & strength of their economic growth.
Table 1 -‘Gender- wise Awareness of Financial Products’
Category
Gender
Financial Products
Banking Products
Post Office Products
Male-243
Insurance
Mutual Fund
Share & Bonds
Banking Products
Post Office Products
Female-169
Insurance
Mutual Fund
Share & Bonds
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
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328
No of
Respondents
% Based on
Gender
124
105
79
12
4
80
65
21
0
0
51.0
43.2
32.5
4.9
1.6
47.3
38.4
12.4
0
0
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Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology
Figure 1
Table 2 ‘Type of Financial Service Providers Available at the Local place’
Financial Services provider
Perception of the respondents
Bank
231
Post Office
204
Microfinance Organizations
312
Local Money Lenders
347
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
% base on total respondent
56.1
49.5
75.7
84.2
Figure 2
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Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda
Table 3 ‘Gender-wise Awareness of Types of Banking Facilities’
Category
Gender
Response
Branch Banking
ATM/Debit Card
Male-243
Internet Banking
Mobile Banking
Branch Banking
ATM/Debit Card
Female-169
Internet Banking
Mobile Banking
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
No of
Respondents
% Based on Gender
116
86
25
16
79
52
29
9
47.8
35.4
10.2
6.6
46.7
30.7
17.2
5.4
Figure-3
Table 4 ‘Gender- wise Attendance at Financial Awareness Camp by Using of Information Technology’
Category
Gender
Male-243
Female-169
Response
Yes
No
Yes
No
Number of
respondent
% Based on
Respondent
78
165
64
105
32.1
67.9
37.9
62.1
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
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Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology
Figure-4
Table 5 Gender-wise Feedback about Effectiveness of Financial Awareness Camp by using of
Information Technology
Category
Gender
Response
Yes
Male-243
No
Can't Say
Yes
Female-169
No
Can't Say
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
No of
Respondents
% Based on Gender
56
158
29
57
89
23
23.0
65.0
12.0
33.7
52.7
13.6
Figure-5
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OBJECTIVES

To know the impact of Financial Literacy through Information Technology to strengthen the
socio-economic Condition in Tribal dominated areas of Odisha.

To know the perception level of the participants under the study area.

To make suggestions based on findings.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The sample size is limtied, it may not represent the view of all the people of tribal area

The period of study is for 6 months i.e June 2018 December 2018.

The study is restricted to Koraput distict of Odisha only.
SAMPLING PLAN
In support of the objective of the research there is a primary research questionaire
admistration method in the field through stratified random sampling method covering the
Koraput district, Intially 7 blocks are selected randomly from 14 blocks.In the second stage,
10 village are identified where only tribal people are living and in the 3rd stage 10 household
are identified from whome the data will be collected in basic of regional, geographical,
economic, cultural, lingual and settlemalet wise. Total 700 questionaires served and 412
response received in correct & the response rate for this study stands at 58%. The sample
includes service holder, students, business male, house wives etc.
Table 6 Gender- wise distribution and collection of questionnaire from the different part of the
Koraput district’
Particulars
Tribal Male below 30 years
Tribal Female below 30 years
Tribal Male above 30 years
Tribal Female above 30 years
Total
Questionaire served
175
175
175
175
700
Response received
131
93
112
76
412
%
31.79
22.58
27.18
18.45
100
Figure-6
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Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology
METHODOLOGY
The present work is based on the primary data. For collecting primary data are about 700
questionnaires distributed in tribal area in the Koraput District. However 412 responded
response received in correct. This is 58% of the total questionnaires distributed, of which 217
are male and rest are female. To analyze the data and derive results from it percentage method
is used. This is suitable method to compare, keeping in view the objective of the study.
Table 7 Frequency Distribution of Knowledge about the Information Technology in the Study area
Awareness
Items
Computer
Laptop
Internet
Web- camera
Animation
Pen drive
Male -243
Female-169
73
39
41
25
34
31
45
31
20
19
28
26
Awareness and
availability
Female Male -243
169
68
31
39
28
46
32
24
20
29
22
37
36
Awareness,
Availability and use
Male
Female -243
169
81
41
39
39
36
32
26
11
20
18
41
28
Figure-7
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PERCEPTION OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 8 Do you feel the information technology helped in financial literacy of tribal population?
Sex
To a great extent To some extent
Below 30
Male
61
24
Female
31
26
Above 30
Male
38
27
Female
26
16
Source: Compiled from filed survey
Don’tknow Little bit
Not at all
Total
10
22
20
8
16
6
131
93
24
15
15
12
8
7
112
76
Figure-8
Interpretation: Table No-10 explains the perception of respondents about whether the
information technology helped in financial literacy. It is observe that majority of respondents
feel the information technology helped to financial literacy. So, it is clear that it plays an
important role in this direction.
Table 9 Do you think that information technology helped in transformation in the tribal area?
To some extent Don’tknow Little bit
Below 30
Male
65
23
18
13
Female
24
19
21
16
Above 30
Male
36
22
21
16
Female
19
17
13
10
Source: Compiled from filed surveY
Sex
To a great extent
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Not at all
Total
12
13
131
93
17
17
112
76
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Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology
Figure-9
Interpretation: Table No-11 explains the perception of respondents’ wheter the information
technology helped in transformation in the study area..It is observe that majority of
respondents feel the information technology transformed the life in the tribal dominated areas.
Table 10 Do you feel that teaching methodology in schools and colleges in tribal area changed
drastically with the use of Information of technology?
Sex
Below 30
Male
Female
Above 30
Male
Female
To a great extent
To some extent
Don’tknow
Little bit
Not at all
Total
60
22
21
19
20
24
19
18
11
10
131
93
30
16
24
14
16
13
28
16
14
17
112
76
Source: Compiled from filed survey
Figure-10
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Interpretation: Table No-12 explains the perception of respondents about the feel that
teaching methodology in schools and colleges in tribal area changed drastically with the use
of Information of technology. It is observed that majority of respondents feel the information
technology helped to financial literacy than the other above parameter.
Table 11 Do you feel that information technology effects your interpersonal life?
Sex
Below 30
Male
Female
Above 30
Male
Female
To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all
Total
28
25
22
20
19
17
20
18
12
13
131
93
29
16
22
13
25
11
17
17
19
19
112
76
Source: Compiled from filed survey
Figure-11
Interpretation: Table No-13 explains the perception of respondents about feel that
information technology effects your interpersonal life. It is observed that majority of
respondents feels the information technology help to financial literacy than the other above
parameter. Therefore it is the positive indication of the respondents to useful of information
technology in their financial literacy programme.
Table 12 Do you feel that information technology will help in compensate for lonliness in lives tribal
people?
Sex
To a great extent To some extent
Below 30
Male
56
24
Female
24
19
Above 30
Male
34
22
Female
17
12
Source: Compiled from filed survey
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Don’tknow Little bit Not at all
336
Total
19
16
15
16
17
18
131
93
16
16
28
11
12
20
112
76
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Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology
Figure 12
Interpretation: Table No-14 explains the perception of respondents about feel that
information technology will help in compensate for lonliness in lives tribal people. It is
observed that majority of respondents feels that the information technology helped them to
financial literacy.
Table 13 Does family background effects use of information technology and its awareness?
Sex
To a great extent To some extent
Below 30
Male
60
31
Female
26
18
Above 30
Male
36
21
Female
18
17
Source: Compiled from filed survey
Don’tknow
Little bit
Not at all
Total
15
16
14
19
11
14
131
93
24
18
20
11
11
12
112
76
Figure-13
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Interpretation: Table No-15 explains the perception of respondents about family background
effects use of information technology and its awareness. It is observed that the majority of
respondents feel the information technology help to financial literacy.
Table 14 Does the financial soundness of the family effect the use of information technology?
Sex
Below 30
Male
Female
Above 30
Male
Female
To a great extent To some extent
Don’tknow Little bit
Not at all
Total
59
21
22
16
21
19
19
20
10
17
131
93
35
21
23
11
22
12
19
11
13
21
112
76
Source: Compiled from filed survey
Figure-14
Interpretation: Table No-14 explains the perception of respondents about the financial
soundness of the family effect the use of information technology. It is observed that the
majority of respondents feel the information technology help to financial literacy.
Table 15 Do you feel that with the help of the information technology the rural and urban gap reduced
and now the concpet changed into literate and illetrate?
Sex
Below 30
Male
Female
Above 30
Male
Female
To a great extent To some extent
57
22
42
21
Don’tknow Little bit
19
15
19
16
15
18
20
11
Not at all
Total
16
15
131
93
24
23
19
13
12
15
112
76
Source: Compiled from filed survey
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Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology
Figure-15
Interpretation: Table No-15 explains the perception of respondents about feel that with the
help of the information technology the rural and urban gap reduced and now the concpet
changed into literate and illetrate.
Table 16 ‘Gender- wise Frequency of Usage of Bank accounts before financial Awareness Camp’
Category
Gender
Usage of Bank accounts
Daily
Once in a Week
Male-243
Once in a fortnight
Once in a month
Not on a regular basis
Daily
Once in a Week
Female-169
Once in a fortnight
Once in a month
Not on a regular basis
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
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No of
Respondents
% Based on Gender
23
29
41
52
98
19
16
27
31
76
9.47
11.94
16.87
21.40
40.32
11.24
9.47
15.98
18.34
44.97
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Table 17 Gender- wise Frequency of Usage of Bank accounts after financial Awareness Camp by
using Information Technology’
Category
Usage of Bank accounts
Daily
Once in a Week
Male-243
Once in a fortnight
Once in a month
Not on a regular basis
Daily
Once in a Week
Female-169
Once in a fortnight
Once in a month
Not on a regular basis
Source: Collected through Questionnaire
Gender
No of
Respondents
% Based on Gender
147
33
25
18
20
76
18
15
21
39
60.49
13.58
10.29
7.41
8.23
44.97
10.66
8.88
12.42
23.07
Concluding Note
Information techonology plays an important role for effective implementing the financial
literacy programme. This helps the stakeholders to know about the various financial
instrumalet like Net banking, Mobile banking,Paytm, Debit Card, Credit Card etc .The
development of any economy depends upon development of all the stakeholders. No economy
can perform well by ignoring one segment of the society. For the overall development of the
country these under privileged segment cannot be sidelined. There is significant improvement
in the banking habits observed during our study. It seems that the traditional mind set of tribal
people have changed a lot. The concept of literate and illiterate have gradually reduced to a
great extent.
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