Cellular Respiration
How our body makes ATP, ENERGY!!
Engage
ATP Gun
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP)
Adenosine
Ribose Sugar
3 Phosphates
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March 20, 2019
Explore:
Cellular Respiration Simulation
To review the "big picture" of
metabolism, aiding students in
understanding the relationship among
glycolysis, the Kreb's cycle, and the
ETC. See the diagram for the
simulation layout.
March 20, 2019
Explore:
Muscle Fatigue
You will be using a procedure to
experience and explore lactic acid
buildup in muscles.
March 20, 2019
Explain:
Where do our cells get energy?
6-C sugars are the MAJOR source of
energy for cell
What type of macromolecule are 6-C
sugars?
Carbohydrates
Cells break down glucose a 6-C sugar
to make ATP “energy”
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Overall Chemical Process
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + usable energy
(ATP)
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Cellular Respiration (3-stages)
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
cycle
Fermentation
(without oxygen)
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Electron
transport
Alcohol or
lactic acid
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Flowchart
Section 9-2
Cellular Respiration
Glucose
(C6H1206)
+
Oxygen
(02)
Glycolysis
Krebs
Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2)
+
Water
(H2O)
+
ATP
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Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Glycolysis:
Step 1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
Where Cytoplasm
NO O2 required
Energy Yield net gain of 2 ATP at the
expense of 2 ATP
6-C glucose  TWO 3-C pyruvates
Free e- and H+ combine with organic ion
carriers called NAD+  NADH + H+
(nicotinamide dinucleotide)
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Summary
In
Glucose (6-C)
2 ATP
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Out
2 pyruvate; 2(3-C)
2NADH
a net of 2 ATP
Questions
Where does glycolysis take place?
Glycolysis energy yield?
Breaks glucose into TWO ________.
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The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Breakdown of Pyruvic Acid
Where
mitochondria
Pyruvate (3-C) 
Acetic acid (2-C)
3rd C forms CO2
Acetic acid
combines with
Coenzyme A to
form ACETYL-CoA
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Summary
In
Pyruvate
NAD
CoA
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Out
CO2 (as waste)
NADH
Acetyl-CoA
What is releasing Energy with O2?
Aerobic respiration
Where In mitochondria
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Second Step: Citric Acid Cycle
(Krebs Cycle)
Where Mitochondrial matrix
Energy Yield 2 ATP and more eAcetyl-CoA (2-C) combines with 4-C to form
6-C CITRIC ACID
Citric Acid (6-C) changed to 5-C then to a 4-C
Gives off a CO2 molecule
NAD+ and FAD pick up the released eFAD becomes FADH2
NAD+ becomes NADH + H+
Cycle ALWAYS reforming a 4-C molecule
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Krebs Cycle
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The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
ETC
Where inner membrane of
mitochondria
Energy Yield Total of 32 ATP
O2 combines with TWO H+ to form
H 2O
Exhale - CO2, H2O comes from
cellular respiration
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Electron Transport Chain
Section 9-2
Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel
Mitochondrion
Intermembrane
Space
ATP synthase
Inner
Membrane
Matrix
ATP Production
Summary
Mitochondrion
Electrons carried in NADH
Pyruvic
acid
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
Cycle
Electrons
carried in
NADH and
FADH2
Electron
Transport
Chain
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Total ENERGY Yield
Glycolysis 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle 2 ATP
ETC  32 ATP
Total 36 ATP
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Elaboration
Respiration Lab
Three experiments that review and
further explain the process of cellular
respiration
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What happens if NO O2?
Cellular respiration process STOPS
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Aerobic vs. Anaerobic
Anaerobic
DOES NOT
require oxygen
Simple
fast
produces
smaller amounts
of energy (ATP)
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Aerobic requires
oxygen
Yields large
amounts of energy
What is this energy
molecule?
ATP, ATP, ATP
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Releasing Energy w/out Oxygen
Anaerobic Respiration
NO Additional ATP is Formed
NO O2 leads to Fermentation
Two Types
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
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Lactic Acid Fermentation
bacteria, plants and most animals
After glycolysis
2 pyruvic acid changed to lactic acid
Sometimes happens in your muscles,
cramps-----Exercise
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Alcoholic Fermentation
Bacteria and fungi (yeast)
Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are
the end products
Process used to form beer, wine, and
other alcoholic beverages
Also used to raise dough, bread
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Cellular Respiration Review
Three Main Stages
Glycolysis (2 ATP)
Kreb’s Cycle (2 ATP)
Electron Transport Chain (32 ATP)
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Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Glycolysis:
Step 1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
The Krebs Cycle: Step 2
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Electron Transport Chain: Step 3
Section 9-2
Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel
Mitochondrion
Intermembrane
Space
ATP synthase
Inner
Membrane
Matrix
ATP Production
Evaluation
Cellular Respiration Concept Map
March 20, 2019