Rocks are groups of different ________________ pushed together and combined.
There are 3 large classifications of rocks - igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. Each
type of rock is formed ______________ and can change from one type to another over
time. The way rocks are ______________ determines how we classify them.
Igneous
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Forms when molten rock (magma or lava) _______ and ___________. SO….
Created from ___________ and ______________
If cooling takes place slowly ______________ Earth's surface, the igneous rock
is called ________________
If cooling takes place _____________the Earth’s surface, the igneous rock is
called __________________.
granite, all volcanic rock, basalt, and obsidian
Metamorphic
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Forms when rocks are __________ into different kinds of rocks by great
_______ and/or ___________ (a FORCE)- they are heated, squeezed, folded, or
chemically changed by contact with hot fluids and/or tectonic forces
Found _______ beneath surface, near fault lines, over time get pushed to the
surface
marble, jade, slate, and gneiss
Sedimentary
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Sedimentary rock types are created when sediment _____________
Sediments are formed through the processes of ____________ and __________
of rocks exposed at Earth's surface.
A river flows through a canyon and picks up a bunch of silt. That sediment and silt
runs downstream and deposits where the river ends. It could be in a flood plain or a
valley, but we're using a coastline as an example. When that material gets to the
beach, it sits there. Now if you watch this happen over millions of years, more and
more sediment builds up and __________________
sandstone, amber, anthracite, and limestone
Sedimentary rocks can also form from the ___________ depositing of materials
that were once dissolved in water
Weathering- the _________________ down of rocks, soil, and minerals through
___________________ with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms. (no
movement)
Erosion- the ___________ of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil,
rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another
location (___________________)
The Rock Cycle is an ongoing process: